科學與基督徒信仰：過去，現在與將來
Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationships in time of Past- Present and Future
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“科學與基督徒信仰：過去，現在與將來”是一本自然科學與我個人所信崇的基督教會福音派的信仰的大眾科學書，它討論這兩門學科之間在過去、現代與將來的關係。
在歐美早期的文化史，基督教與科學是兩大巨石，基督教是西元第一世紀，因拿撒勒人耶穌的誕生、傳道，猶太人信從他是彌撒亞、非猶太人（通稱為外邦人），接受衪為救主後，才開始有基督教會、基督教徒和他們的信仰。在人類文化中有一較長的歷史，聖經有創造論，記述人類、生物、社會的創始；它固然不是科學性的記述，但內容有人類、日月星晨與 動、植物生長等，是科學性的事實。
現代實驗科學在 16-17世紀萌芽，因科學發達，思維與視野而擴展，導致社會進步、人們生活大為改善，帶來全球人類的福祉，有科學革命之稱，世界觀改觀。1858年，達爾文的“衍化論 (The Evolution Theory)”問世，無神論與唯物論者誤用它，對“創造論”挑戰，在西方社會文化中，有近年來的文化戰爭論不己，圖書館內有關書藉是汗牛充棟。
近數十年來，有識之仕、諾貝爾獎金獲得之學者、知名大學教授、學者與基督教會神學家、教牧等人隨即應戰，透過專著、立論以護衛信仰，建立橋梁以取得相互瞭解、相互共識。各自盡心志以造福人類的福祉。 義大利知名學者、現代實驗科學之父迦利略 (Galileo Galilea, Father of Experimental Sciences) 的名言：“耶和華神，給 我們兩本書，一是聖經─神的話語，另一本書，是所創造的大宇宙。 這倆本書， 神是作者，因此，這倆本書，不應該有所衝突。” 言之至真至實！
“科學與基督徒信仰：過去，現在與將來”，這書，因我深為接受迦利略的信念與名言，為建立科學與基督徒信仰的共識橋梁而寫作立論，提供同道、同業者參考用。
Brief English introduction of “Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationship in the Past, Present and Future”.
The book of “Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationship in the Past, Present and Future” is a book dealing with natural sciences and my personal, evangelical Christian faith, their relationship in time of past, present and future.” It is a semi-science popular reference book.
In western civilization, Christianity and science are historically two Rocks. Christianity was borne when Jesus commenced his ministry among the Jewish people. In a short period of time, Christianity was popularized by his disciples; and extended to the other parts of the world. So, we have Christianity and her ecclesiastic doctrines; and his followers as Christians and Christian Church.
In 16-17th centuries, modern experimental sciences were borne. Three Christian scholars, i. e. Nicholas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilea first formulated the helio-centered universe. Thereby, Christianity was the mother of experimental sciences. In addition, Galileo even suggested a metaphor of Two Books, explaining the mutually explainable relationships between science and faith. Unfortunately, the Roman Catholic Church ma
在歐美早期的文化史，基督教與科學是兩大巨石，基督教是西元第一世紀，因拿撒勒人耶穌的誕生、傳道，猶太人信從他是彌撒亞、非猶太人（通稱為外邦人），接受衪為救主後，才開始有基督教會、基督教徒和他們的信仰。在人類文化中有一較長的歷史，聖經有創造論，記述人類、生物、社會的創始；它固然不是科學性的記述，但內容有人類、日月星晨與 動、植物生長等，是科學性的事實。
現代實驗科學在 16-17世紀萌芽，因科學發達，思維與視野而擴展，導致社會進步、人們生活大為改善，帶來全球人類的福祉，有科學革命之稱，世界觀改觀。1858年，達爾文的“衍化論 (The Evolution Theory)”問世，無神論與唯物論者誤用它，對“創造論”挑戰，在西方社會文化中，有近年來的文化戰爭論不己，圖書館內有關書藉是汗牛充棟。
近數十年來，有識之仕、諾貝爾獎金獲得之學者、知名大學教授、學者與基督教會神學家、教牧等人隨即應戰，透過專著、立論以護衛信仰，建立橋梁以取得相互瞭解、相互共識。各自盡心志以造福人類的福祉。 義大利知名學者、現代實驗科學之父迦利略 (Galileo Galilea, Father of Experimental Sciences) 的名言：“耶和華神，給 我們兩本書，一是聖經─神的話語，另一本書，是所創造的大宇宙。 這倆本書， 神是作者，因此，這倆本書，不應該有所衝突。” 言之至真至實！
“科學與基督徒信仰：過去，現在與將來”，這書，因我深為接受迦利略的信念與名言，為建立科學與基督徒信仰的共識橋梁而寫作立論，提供同道、同業者參考用。
Brief English introduction of “Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationship in the Past, Present and Future”.
The book of “Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationship in the Past, Present and Future” is a book dealing with natural sciences and my personal, evangelical Christian faith, their relationship in time of past, present and future.” It is a semi-science popular reference book.
In western civilization, Christianity and science are historically two Rocks. Christianity was borne when Jesus commenced his ministry among the Jewish people. In a short period of time, Christianity was popularized by his disciples; and extended to the other parts of the world. So, we have Christianity and her ecclesiastic doctrines; and his followers as Christians and Christian Church.
In 16-17th centuries, modern experimental sciences were borne. Three Christian scholars, i. e. Nicholas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilea first formulated the helio-centered universe. Thereby, Christianity was the mother of experimental sciences. In addition, Galileo even suggested a metaphor of Two Books, explaining the mutually explainable relationships between science and faith. Unfortunately, the Roman Catholic Church ma
目錄
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVES OF BOTH THEOLOGY AND SCIENCE PARALLEL MODEL (1)
CHAPTER 3 CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE OF SCIENCE AND THEOLOGY DIFFERENT MODELS (2)
CHAPTER 4 QUOTATIONS BY RENOWNED SCHOLARS
CHAPTER 5 THE BIRTH OF MODERN EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES
CHAPTER 6 THE DICHOTOMY OR DUALITY OF CHRISTIANITY AND SCIENCE
CHAPTER 7 COMPLEXITY THESIS: A NEW INSIGHT IN THE DEBATE
CHAPTER 8 PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCES
CHAPTER 9 CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE SCIENCES
CHAPTER 10 THE WAYS TO KNOWLEDGE AND TRUTH
CHAPTER 11 BELIEVE AND CHRISTIAN FAITH SYSTEM
CHAPTER 12 THE DOCTRINE OF CREATION
CHAPTER 13 EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 14 EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 15 EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 16 SOME OTHER THEORIES ON ORIGIN OF LIFE
CHAPTER 17 PALEONTOLOGY AND EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 18 ARE BIG BANG THEORY AND CREATION NARRATIVES
CHAPTER 19 STEM CELLS AND CLONING RESEARCH
CHAPTER 20 GENES GENOMIC, AND THERAPIES
CHAPTER 21 BIBLICAL EXEGESIS AND HERMENEUTICS IN RELATION TO SCIENCE
CHAPTER 23 A BRIEF RECORD OF MY LECTURES ON SCIENCE AND FAITH IN BUILDING ""BRIDGES""
CHAPTER 24 WARMING TREND IN RECENT YEARS
CHAPTER 25 GLOBAL CLIMATIC CHANGE, AND OUR FINAL CENTURY
CHAPTER 26 PERSPECTIVES OF SCIENCE AND CHRISTIAN FAITH IN 21ST CENTURY
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVES OF BOTH THEOLOGY AND SCIENCE PARALLEL MODEL (1)
CHAPTER 3 CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE OF SCIENCE AND THEOLOGY DIFFERENT MODELS (2)
CHAPTER 4 QUOTATIONS BY RENOWNED SCHOLARS
CHAPTER 5 THE BIRTH OF MODERN EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES
CHAPTER 6 THE DICHOTOMY OR DUALITY OF CHRISTIANITY AND SCIENCE
CHAPTER 7 COMPLEXITY THESIS: A NEW INSIGHT IN THE DEBATE
CHAPTER 8 PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCES
CHAPTER 9 CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE SCIENCES
CHAPTER 10 THE WAYS TO KNOWLEDGE AND TRUTH
CHAPTER 11 BELIEVE AND CHRISTIAN FAITH SYSTEM
CHAPTER 12 THE DOCTRINE OF CREATION
CHAPTER 13 EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 14 EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 15 EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 16 SOME OTHER THEORIES ON ORIGIN OF LIFE
CHAPTER 17 PALEONTOLOGY AND EVOLUTION THEORY
CHAPTER 18 ARE BIG BANG THEORY AND CREATION NARRATIVES
CHAPTER 19 STEM CELLS AND CLONING RESEARCH
CHAPTER 20 GENES GENOMIC, AND THERAPIES
CHAPTER 21 BIBLICAL EXEGESIS AND HERMENEUTICS IN RELATION TO SCIENCE
CHAPTER 23 A BRIEF RECORD OF MY LECTURES ON SCIENCE AND FAITH IN BUILDING ""BRIDGES""
CHAPTER 24 WARMING TREND IN RECENT YEARS
CHAPTER 25 GLOBAL CLIMATIC CHANGE, AND OUR FINAL CENTURY
CHAPTER 26 PERSPECTIVES OF SCIENCE AND CHRISTIAN FAITH IN 21ST CENTURY
序／導讀
Preface
Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationships in the Past, Present and Future” is a book dealing with natural sciences and Christian faith in their historical perspectives. The main objective is to present the inherent nature of science and Christian faith and their relations. It is based on my academic career of many years of college teaching-research on these subjects, and personal Christian experience and understanding of evangelical Christian faith. In this book, I present them to the Christian public as well to the secular world of learning
Students in either high schools or at college level, due to their learning experience in schools, may have the impression that Christian faith or Christianity is something irrational, even anti-scientific. The general public gets this erroneous idea from current/conventional culture. This could be more so in China. If this were case, reading this book, especially after reading the first four chapters, they could discover the fact that they were given the wrong teaching and erroneous conclusion. Their quest for knowledge and truth should encourage them to go further and more than that.
Christianity or Christian faith has its rational basis, and scholarly way of learning. Genuine faith matters. To Christians, evangelical Christian faith is a matter of heart and head. Only through studies in depth you will know it. It was, in fact very important and essential. In the western world Christianity played an important role. In early eras, when a city was planned, the first thing on the agenda was the church built at the center of that city. Surrounding the church, there would be legal court, post office and railroad station. That pattern was true almost in any large cities. When you go to visit some relatively old cities, you would see the vestiges of them.
In western civilization and culture, religion and science are two rocks. They were more so in early eras. As a rule, in institutes of higher learning, theology occupied the foremost important place. Clergy was highly respected for their public services. Christians are the pillars of the society. They were the dynamic force for renewal and revival. Nations and governments were established with biblical doctrines and teaching. As a result, people did enjoy more freedom in society. Intellectual standard was much higher. Superstition was abolished or prohibited. The living standard was much higher. All these exerted a great deal of influence in the thinking of scholars and the general public as well. It also contributed greatly in societies and personal life-style. By and large, Christianity is different from scientific discipline and its response to nature. Therefore, their research endeavor and methods are different. Logically, the results and the interpretation are different. In fact, in the 16th to 17th centuries Christian scholars believed the doctrine of God’s creation of the cosmic universe. Scholars such as Cupernicus, Kepler and Galileo discovered the sun-centered universe to replace the geo-centric theory. Consequently, Galileo Galelei, was acknowledged as the founder of modern experimental sciences by scientific communities worldwide. He once coined the dual system of God’s Word and God’s Work. In 19th and 20th centuries, morphology and classification of living things and genetics were the result of research work of devoted Christian scholars. In many ways, both Christianity and Christians made great contribution to societies in the past. They continue to do so in the present time.
Both sciences and Christian religious faith are scholarly disciplines. In their inherent nature, they are neutral. They could not come into conflict at all. If they somehow come to conflict, it is due to the science professionals and Christian scholars interpreting their work in different worldviews. It is in their worldviews, they come into conflict. Unfortunately, it was seen in our early history. Unfortunately, it is al
Science and Christian Faith: Their Relationships in the Past, Present and Future” is a book dealing with natural sciences and Christian faith in their historical perspectives. The main objective is to present the inherent nature of science and Christian faith and their relations. It is based on my academic career of many years of college teaching-research on these subjects, and personal Christian experience and understanding of evangelical Christian faith. In this book, I present them to the Christian public as well to the secular world of learning
Students in either high schools or at college level, due to their learning experience in schools, may have the impression that Christian faith or Christianity is something irrational, even anti-scientific. The general public gets this erroneous idea from current/conventional culture. This could be more so in China. If this were case, reading this book, especially after reading the first four chapters, they could discover the fact that they were given the wrong teaching and erroneous conclusion. Their quest for knowledge and truth should encourage them to go further and more than that.
Christianity or Christian faith has its rational basis, and scholarly way of learning. Genuine faith matters. To Christians, evangelical Christian faith is a matter of heart and head. Only through studies in depth you will know it. It was, in fact very important and essential. In the western world Christianity played an important role. In early eras, when a city was planned, the first thing on the agenda was the church built at the center of that city. Surrounding the church, there would be legal court, post office and railroad station. That pattern was true almost in any large cities. When you go to visit some relatively old cities, you would see the vestiges of them.
In western civilization and culture, religion and science are two rocks. They were more so in early eras. As a rule, in institutes of higher learning, theology occupied the foremost important place. Clergy was highly respected for their public services. Christians are the pillars of the society. They were the dynamic force for renewal and revival. Nations and governments were established with biblical doctrines and teaching. As a result, people did enjoy more freedom in society. Intellectual standard was much higher. Superstition was abolished or prohibited. The living standard was much higher. All these exerted a great deal of influence in the thinking of scholars and the general public as well. It also contributed greatly in societies and personal life-style. By and large, Christianity is different from scientific discipline and its response to nature. Therefore, their research endeavor and methods are different. Logically, the results and the interpretation are different. In fact, in the 16th to 17th centuries Christian scholars believed the doctrine of God’s creation of the cosmic universe. Scholars such as Cupernicus, Kepler and Galileo discovered the sun-centered universe to replace the geo-centric theory. Consequently, Galileo Galelei, was acknowledged as the founder of modern experimental sciences by scientific communities worldwide. He once coined the dual system of God’s Word and God’s Work. In 19th and 20th centuries, morphology and classification of living things and genetics were the result of research work of devoted Christian scholars. In many ways, both Christianity and Christians made great contribution to societies in the past. They continue to do so in the present time.
Both sciences and Christian religious faith are scholarly disciplines. In their inherent nature, they are neutral. They could not come into conflict at all. If they somehow come to conflict, it is due to the science professionals and Christian scholars interpreting their work in different worldviews. It is in their worldviews, they come into conflict. Unfortunately, it was seen in our early history. Unfortunately, it is al
試閱
Chapter 1 Introduction
“All Religions, sciences and arts are branches of the same tree. All these aspirations are human’s endeavors, being directed toward ennobling man’s life, lifting it from the sphere of mere physical existence and leading the individual toward freedom." - Albert Einstein “Out of My Later Years, pp# 7, 1950 Ed.
In 1954 I came to University of Minnesota, Mpls.-St. Paul, MN, pursuing my further graduate studies. In campus bookstore, I bought several extracurricular books for my leisure reading. The authors and the titles of these books are as follows:
1. Albert Einstein, 1879-1965
A. The World As I See It, 1934
B. Out of My Later Years, 1950
2. Albert Schweitzer, 1871-1965
A. The Quest of the Historical Jesus, 1906
B. Reverence for Life, 1915
3. Bernard Ramm, 1954
Christian View of Science and Scripture.
4. Norman Vincent Peale, 1952
The Power of Positive Thinking
Albert Einstein was proclaimed in 1999 as the greatest Scientist in 20th century, by both US National Academy of Sciences and American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. These two books were written in his later years of academic career. They described his life-style as a physicist in academic career, personal philosophy and also worldview. These books are very instructive and mind-enlightening for reading, and in scientific career/professional work.
Albert Schweitzer was well-known in western world, as a jungle medical missionary doctor, engaging in Christian philanthropic work in Africa. He was a Christian theologian. He served as President of theological seminary in Germany. Also, he was known as an expert in both Bach’s music and organ. Based on his great humanistic work, he was awarded with Nobel Peace Prize.
Bernard Ramm was Professor of Theology at Bethel College and Seminary, St. Paul-Mpls., MN. He was one of outstanding evangelical scholars. With this book published in 1954, Prof. Ramm endeavored to develop a philosophy of science in general, and of life science in particular. He is the founder of Christian Progressive Creation, one of five schools of thought on creation. His scholarly writings had a profound impact on thinking of Christian professionals and theologians in USA and worldwide.
Norman Vincent Peale was a Minister of Manhattan Marble Collegiate Church, New York city. Based on Philippians 4:13, he developed a practical Christian philosophy of “positive thinking”, a bestseller that outlines how people can improve and strengthen their lives through dynamic faith. With his wife, Ruth Stafford, they found “Guideposts”, an inspiring organization which provided hundred of thousands of free magazines and books to hospitals, nursing homes and relief organizations.
These books were my companions in my graduate student’s days, academic career and Christian ministry, anywhere and everywhere I went. Rev. Peale and his philosophy reinforced and rejuvenated my way of living, practically in every area. I personally received a great deal of blessings in applying his positive living philosophy. Dr. Schweitzer and his inspiring work in Africa encouraged me in pioneering missionary work in S. America; with professional services in US and elsewhere. His example inspired me for Christian missionary work, and work among college students. Prof. Ramm taught me how to deal with science and Christian faith in constructive and positive ways. Beginning in 1954 and that year on, I adopted his Progressive Creation as my conviction, and the way to understand the creation narratives. Einstein, though he was not an evangelical Christian, was a deist of Spinoza’s type. He considered religions, arts and sciences are mutually explainable and complementary. They are in no way being conflict to one another. His philosophy and worldview are acceptable by us scientists and people of faith. In fact, he was acclaimed as the great scientist of the 20th century. Therefore, in this book (Chapt. 4 and the others) I have quoted the sayings of both Einstein and Ramm more and often, substantiating my premises of parallel model of both science and Christian theology (Chapter #2).
“All Religions, sciences and arts are branches of the same tree. All these aspirations are human’s endeavors, being directed toward ennobling man’s life, lifting it from the sphere of mere physical existence and leading the individual toward freedom." - Albert Einstein “Out of My Later Years, pp# 7, 1950 Ed.
In 1954 I came to University of Minnesota, Mpls.-St. Paul, MN, pursuing my further graduate studies. In campus bookstore, I bought several extracurricular books for my leisure reading. The authors and the titles of these books are as follows:
1. Albert Einstein, 1879-1965
A. The World As I See It, 1934
B. Out of My Later Years, 1950
2. Albert Schweitzer, 1871-1965
A. The Quest of the Historical Jesus, 1906
B. Reverence for Life, 1915
3. Bernard Ramm, 1954
Christian View of Science and Scripture.
4. Norman Vincent Peale, 1952
The Power of Positive Thinking
Albert Einstein was proclaimed in 1999 as the greatest Scientist in 20th century, by both US National Academy of Sciences and American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. These two books were written in his later years of academic career. They described his life-style as a physicist in academic career, personal philosophy and also worldview. These books are very instructive and mind-enlightening for reading, and in scientific career/professional work.
Albert Schweitzer was well-known in western world, as a jungle medical missionary doctor, engaging in Christian philanthropic work in Africa. He was a Christian theologian. He served as President of theological seminary in Germany. Also, he was known as an expert in both Bach’s music and organ. Based on his great humanistic work, he was awarded with Nobel Peace Prize.
Bernard Ramm was Professor of Theology at Bethel College and Seminary, St. Paul-Mpls., MN. He was one of outstanding evangelical scholars. With this book published in 1954, Prof. Ramm endeavored to develop a philosophy of science in general, and of life science in particular. He is the founder of Christian Progressive Creation, one of five schools of thought on creation. His scholarly writings had a profound impact on thinking of Christian professionals and theologians in USA and worldwide.
Norman Vincent Peale was a Minister of Manhattan Marble Collegiate Church, New York city. Based on Philippians 4:13, he developed a practical Christian philosophy of “positive thinking”, a bestseller that outlines how people can improve and strengthen their lives through dynamic faith. With his wife, Ruth Stafford, they found “Guideposts”, an inspiring organization which provided hundred of thousands of free magazines and books to hospitals, nursing homes and relief organizations.
These books were my companions in my graduate student’s days, academic career and Christian ministry, anywhere and everywhere I went. Rev. Peale and his philosophy reinforced and rejuvenated my way of living, practically in every area. I personally received a great deal of blessings in applying his positive living philosophy. Dr. Schweitzer and his inspiring work in Africa encouraged me in pioneering missionary work in S. America; with professional services in US and elsewhere. His example inspired me for Christian missionary work, and work among college students. Prof. Ramm taught me how to deal with science and Christian faith in constructive and positive ways. Beginning in 1954 and that year on, I adopted his Progressive Creation as my conviction, and the way to understand the creation narratives. Einstein, though he was not an evangelical Christian, was a deist of Spinoza’s type. He considered religions, arts and sciences are mutually explainable and complementary. They are in no way being conflict to one another. His philosophy and worldview are acceptable by us scientists and people of faith. In fact, he was acclaimed as the great scientist of the 20th century. Therefore, in this book (Chapt. 4 and the others) I have quoted the sayings of both Einstein and Ramm more and often, substantiating my premises of parallel model of both science and Christian theology (Chapter #2).
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