International Law, Security, and Military Power
This book contributes to our understanding and appreciation of the contemporary relevance of international humanitarian law and international human rights law by analyzing and assessing the foundational norms, principles, and provisions contained within these bodies.
The Limits of European Integration
The Limits of European Integration (1983) examines the increasing resistance to the loss of authority to EEC institutions in the 1970s and 80s, and the resulting decline in the momentum towards European political integration. The limits which the member states imposed upon their involvement with the European community are assessed.
Social and Political Movements in Western Europe
Social and Political Movements in Western Europe (1976) discusses the ideological currents, social bases and policy directions to examine the impact of social movements on European political systems and societies. It looks at the nature of the relations among mass publics, movements and party systems, and the political spectrum.
Armed With Information
In light of the pervasive nature of real-time global news, the perceptions as delivered via the media and other emerging communication mediums are increasingly influencing foreign and domestic public opinion and the policymaking process.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Turkey and European Union Relations
The European Union is undoubtedly one of the major success stories to emerge from a violent century which saw millions of Europeans lose their lives in hostilities and conflict. The December 1999 European Council Meeting in Helsinki marked an uplifting ends to such a century. It not only set a vision for the future of the old continent in the new millennium. It also repositioned the horizons of Europe. The Helsinki Summit established the EU's ultimate southeastern borders will be with Syria, Iraq and Iran. Turkey's inclusion in the EU's enlargement thus has both a regional and global significance. The role it played in the Kosova Crisis underlined its importance to the EU in the Balkans. Turkey is equally important where the EU's reach to Eurasia and Middle East is concerned. Dr. Romano Prodi, the Commission President, has described the Helsinki Council as launching a "New European Order" to embrace "all of us the EU, the applicant countries and our neighbors in a wider Europe." In Turkey too, Helsinki has been hailed as a landmark event, both for the revival it gave to Turkish-EU relations and for launching the process leading to Turkey's eventual full membership of the EU. For Turkey, acceptance of its candidacy is a natural response to the sacrifices it made throughout the Cold War period. As the only NATO member with a land border with the Soviet Union, it bore a heavy share of the Alliance's burden. It finds it fitting that, having contributed to the creation of the new Europe, it should also be part of this Europe.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Political Parties in the European Community
Political Parties in the European Community (1979) looks at the decision by the member governments of the European Community to proceed to the direct election of a European Parliament. It examines the parties of the nine EC states, and the evolution of transnational groupings of parties both inside and outside the European Parliament.
Normalising Private Military Force
This book examines the normalization of Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs), and analyses US media discourse around the Nisour Square incident in Iraq as a pivotal case.States are increasingly relying on PMSCs to meet security needs. As a sign of ongoing normalization, these companies are now increasingly targeted by soft law or self-regulation. Rejecting the common claim that 'mercenaries have always been with us', this book sets out to analyse the underlying conditions that have allowed PMSCs to emerge in their uniquely contemporary incarnation. Divided into two parts, this book develops a novel poststructural framework of analy-sis to articulate social, political, and affective conditions that enabled PMSCs to prevail despite controversy. It draws on and operationalizes the Essex School's logics-based approach, while developing it further with corpus linguistics, and ap-plies this framework to a large corpus of American mainstream media articles. The volume contributes to efforts aiming to overcome the alleged 'methodological deficit' of discourse analysis, while highlighting the importance of making uncon-sciously held truths visible.This book will be of interest to students of private security companies, military studies, critical security studies, and International Relations.
Ensuring Relevancy
The world has changed dramatically since the Washington Treaty of 1949 established the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The context of nontraditional threats, operational fatigue, increased membership, and fiscal austerity provides an opportune moment to assess Allied Command Transformation's (ACT) role in supporting Alliance-wide transformation. As one of NATO's two strategic commands, ACT has existed for eight years with the following three strategic goals: provide appropriate support to operations, lead NATO military transformation, and improve relationships, interaction, and practical cooperation with partners. Key successes include improved doctrine, better training methods, positive feedback from operational support, and an enhanced capability development process. Despite these gains, within the context of new threats and constrained resources, there is room for improvement. ACT can demonstrate its relevancy by doing four things. First, ACT should increase cooperation with Allied Command Operations to enhance NATO's mission effectiveness. Second, ACT should champion capability development by promoting interoperability, interdependence, and the comprehensive approach. Third, ACT should continue studying emerging issues like counterterrorism, failed states, global commons, energy, etc. as NATO's military think-tank. Finally, ACT should actively market its products to the nations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
From Humanitarian Intervention to the Responsibility to Protect
In 1999, NATO engaged in a humanitarian intervention without the authorization of the United Nations Security Council to stop ethnic cleansing by Serbians against ethnic Albanians in Kosovo. While the Serbian campaign against the Kosovars eventually ended, the NATO operation took longer than anticipated, caused hundreds of civilian deaths, and set the conditions that enabled the crisis to become worse before it ended. Following the intervention, the international commission established to review the operation deemed it legal, but unlawful, as it ended the crisis, but did so by the use of armed force against a sovereign state without the consent of the Security Council. In an attempt to reconcile the competing interests of sovereignty and protection of civilians, an international commission proposed the responsibility to protect, which it placed on the pillars of prevention of, reaction to, and rebuilding after crimes against the civilian population. States had the primary responsibility as sovereigns to protect civilians under their power.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Shaping China's Security Environment
This volume addresses the role of the Chinese military in shaping its country's security environment. The PLA itself is shaped and molded by both domestic and foreign influences. In the first decade of the 21st century, the PLA is not a central actor in China's foreign policy the way it was just a few decades ago. Nevertheless, the significance of the PLA should not be discounted. The military remains a player that seeks to play a role and influence China's policy towards the such countries and regions as United States, Japan, the Koreas, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Taiwan. It is important not to overlook that, in times of crisis or conflict, the role and influence of the PLA rise significantly.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Nigerian Army
Originally published in 1971, this book is an account of the development of the Nigerian Army in the critical ten years spanning independence. It describes the transformation of a despised colonial defence force into a Nigerian army with a popularly recognized reputation.
Security Webs and 21st Century Threats
This book introduces a new framework of Security Webs, which unifies the traditional state security approach with the human security approach and applies this framework to emerging security concerns in the 21st century.Security Webs offers a framework to examine security threats, responses, and second- and third-order consequences across a range of actors, and the structure to draw in existing findings, theories, and other frameworks into a universal and holistic approach to security. At its core, it clarifies the interconnected nature of security across time and space. Borrowing the concept of "food webs" from the field of ecology, which maps out how animals and plants gain energy and food, the Security Webs framework allows for an examination of the security of an actor, be it a nation-state, non-state actor, or an individual, where each actor gains strength and security but likewise is also threatened. The book profiles several of the emerging security threats and illustrates how the Security Webs framework can help us study these; these threats include climate change, weak state capacity, and political extremism, which all pose significant threats to states, non-state actors, and individuals alike. Bridging the divide between the traditionalist and the human security camps, the book embraces the complexity that not only is international security and offers a framework applicable to every actor but also, when applied, creates a clear picture of security threats and arrangements.This book will be of interest to students of security studies, human security, environmental security, and International Relations.
Kingdoms of the Yoruba
Originally published in 1969 and as a second edition in 1976, this book gives a general account of the major Yoruba kingdoms and provides a synthesis of Yoruba and Igbomina history, culture and archaeology.
Warfare and Diplomacy in Pre-Colonial West Africa
Originally published in 1976, this book combines detailed technical studies of the diplomacy of the land and waterborne warfare of pre-colonial West Africa.
Conflict Termination and Regime Change
Many US military operations since the end of the Cold War have ended improperly; the failure has not been due to a flaw in doctrine. Instead, senior civilian and military leaders have chosen to ignore or have neglected the complexities of termination. The US seemingly began Operating Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom with no apparent exit strategy. Senior US civilian and military leaders in the Bush Administration erroneously presumed that some other entity would assume responsibility for termination. Their decision was in direct conflict with doctrine, which clearly outlined the responsibility to plan for termination. Consequently, the United States was forced to assume responsibility for nation building. The research sought to explain why senior military or civilian leaders have neglected the specification of termination criteria. To provide the answer, it was necessary to explore four possible explanations. The first possible explanation is simply that military doctrine never addressed termination or that military theory neglected war termination. A second possible explanation was that both civilian and military leaders did not see termination as a responsibility of the US military. The next possibility was that the US did not intend to create a long-term commitment to the stability of a particular government. Lastly, the failure to define termination may have been simply a consequence of unforeseen unique circumstances. The research assessed US doctrine and operations in the pre-September 11, 2001 environment with post September 11, 2001 operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. The object of the study was to review the lessons learned from earlier operations and determine if they were applied to planning for Operation Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Operation Just Cause in 1989 and Operation Uphold Democracy in 1994 were chosen because both operations focused on regime change. Termination for operations in Panama, although executed poorly, ended successfully. TThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Challenges to U.S.-Russian Cooperation in the Manned Space Program
The U.S. and Russia agreed to merge their manned space program and to partner in a new international space station. This agreement took place in 1993 and politically symbolized the end of the Cold War and a new cooperative relationship between the two countries. Yet, the despite this enthusiastic agreement and the absence of the Cold War, there are still challenges both countries face that must be overcome if the joint space venture is to be successful. These challenges have little to do with space, but are imbedded and interwoven in the U.S. and Russia's political and economic systems. As Russia emerges as an emerging democracy it faces uncertainty politically and economically. This unstable situation, combined with the past and current political situations create new challenges for both the U.S. and Russia to overcome to be successful in the cooperative manned space program.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Eritrean and Ethiopian Conflict and the Impact on United States National Security Interests in the Horn of Africa
The Eritrean and Ethiopian Conflict and the Impact on United States National Security Interests in the Horn of Africa Have you ever wondered why the United States is so interested in resolving other countries' conflicts? Simply put, it affects our way of life. Conflict leads to chaos in the following ways: a democratic government is challenged to maintain its legitimacy, human rights are ignored leading to civil unrest to include refugees, and terrorists groups exploit conflict to recruit jihadists. This paper talks about this chaos and what impact it has on the region and to the United States. The Ethiopian and Eritrean conflict is already creating havoc in both countries and has spread to neighboring countries as well. This conflict can directly impact the United States' national security interests in the region. The United States is undoubtedly concerned with the democratic governance of all countries.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Respecting the Threat
This paper examines how Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez threatens U.S. interests in Venezuela and the Latin American region. It proposes the U.S. policy toward Venezuela must be changed in order to contain Chavez's current influence and power as well as deter Chavez's ability to threaten U.S. interests in three key areas: democracy, economics and regional security/stability. With regard to the threat to democracy, the paper addresses Chavez's efforts to dismantle checks and balances on the executive while strengthening executive power in the country. In looking at the economic threat, the paper examines Chavez's actions that could affect U.S. access to oil as well as his efforts to attack U.S. trade policies. In the final threat area, the paper examines how Chavez threatens regional stability/security due to his interventionist tactics, lackluster narcoterrorism efforts, military procurement and strategic alliances. The paper also addresses how other regional actors perceive the threat, how the balance of power and influence in the region drives the urgency of the threat and what are the most likely threat courses of action. Finally the paper proposes three policy recommendations for the U.S. to implement in order to more effectively address the Chavez threat. These include taking a pragmatic approach toward specific bilateral relations with Venezuela, working multilaterally with other regional actors and more effectively addressing social and economic inequalities in the region.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Ghana Under Military Rule
Originally published in 1972, this book examines the way in which the military/police regime in Ghana, which overthrew President Nkrumah in February 1966, performed two overlapping tasks - those of establishing itself as a recognised government, and of pursuing its chosen objective of eventually restoring democratic civilian rule. The author, who conducted interviews with people at many levels in Ghanaian politics, including the majority of members of General Ankrah's Cabinet, traces the progress of the military regime, showing that it was successful in building up public support and opening up new political avenues, but that it was unable to make any fundamental economic changes. He argues that to understand the operation of the military government, it is necessary to look at its relationship with most influential sections of the civilian population, and clearly demonstrates that without the co-operation of such civilians, the new regime could never have achieved as much as it did.
Decolonising International Relations
This volume critically analyses the theories and concepts of international relations (IR), which will be instrumental in understanding IR from a non-western perspective. Owing to its emphasis on the need to decolonise the discipline of IR, alternate perspectives from the global South have been explored and discussed in detail.
Military Regimes in Africa
Originally published in 1975, this book examines the achievements of, and problems encountered by, African military regimes in office. It begins with 2 chapters discussing trends in the formation and organization of African armies and the influence on these armies of the colonial legacy.
Politics and Bureaucracy in the European Community
Politics and Bureaucracy in the European Community (1970) examines the European project's key institution, the Commission, an assessment that also examines the basic principles on which the European Union is based. It reveals the Commission to be one of the most curious and interesting political institutions of our time - not only from the point of view of international organization, but also as a special kind of governmental institution: a 'responsible bureaucracy' or 'independent officialdom'.
The Rise Of The Mexican Drug Cartels And U.S. National Security
The BiblioGov Project is an effort to expand awareness of the public documents and records of the U.S. Government via print publications. In broadening the public understanding of government and its work, an enlightened democracy can grow and prosper. Ranging from historic Congressional Bills to the most recent Budget of the United States Government, the BiblioGov Project spans a wealth of government information. These works are now made available through an environmentally friendly, print-on-demand basis, using only what is necessary to meet the required demands of an interested public. We invite you to learn of the records of the U.S. Government, heightening the knowledge and debate that can lead from such publications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Inside the Situation Room
Combining decades of diplomacy and world-renowned scholarship, Inside the Situation Room bridges the gap between politics and academia to illuminate how world leaders make decisions in times of crisis. For decades, people have sought to understand how and why decisions are made in times of crisis, but very few get the opportunity to witness leaders' decision-making process. The result has been a persistent disconnect between the theory and the practice of decision-making. Now, a former US Secretary of State has joined forces with a world-renowned scholar to bridge that gap, first in their ground-breaking class at Columbia University's School of International and Public Affairs, and now in the pages of this book. In Inside the Situation Room, Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton and Dr. Keren Yarhi-Milo bring together insights from more than a dozen leading policymakers and scholars so readers can experience a masterclass in global policy and crisis decision-making. The book includes everything from the psychology and mechanics of threat assessment; the role of advisors; the effects of group think and trust; real-life stories of diplomatic efforts and covert operations; how women have shaped decisions over peace and security; and the impact of public opinion. Inside the Situation Room offers an insider look at how decisions are actually made, what theoretical insights might be useful to current and future generations of leaders, and where research still needs to be done. This book will serve as the first step toward a new standard engagement: more active, iterative collaboration among two communities--scholars and practitioners--who have a great deal to contribute and learn from one another.
Russia's Foreign Policy Objectives
The BiblioGov Project is an effort to expand awareness of the public documents and records of the U.S. Government via print publications. In broadening the public understanding of government and its work, an enlightened democracy can grow and prosper. Ranging from historic Congressional Bills to the most recent Budget of the United States Government, the BiblioGov Project spans a wealth of government information. These works are now made available through an environmentally friendly, print-on-demand basis, using only what is necessary to meet the required demands of an interested public. We invite you to learn of the records of the U.S. Government, heightening the knowledge and debate that can lead from such publications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
American Conquest
The first war of America's existence as an independent state was fought against the Shawnee, the Miami, and other Ohio River Valley tribes in the Northwest Indian War of 1790-95. The war provides a window into how US conquest of the continent would proceed through the next century and comprise a central element of US foreign policy into the future. Szarejko examines why the United States first engaged in this war to secure its claim to the Old Northwest and how the reverberations of the war extend far beyond the process of settlement. In focusing on US strategy during the war--its reliance on military bases to project power and a nascent counterinsurgency doctrine--Szarejko expertly traces the patterns established by this conflict throughout American political history and demonstrates how that military victory continues to be legitimized today through local commemorations of the war. This innovative book argues forcefully against the conventional claim that early US foreign policy was isolationist, brings Indigenous politics more fully into the realm of international relations, and allows researchers in several scholarly fields to better understand the nature of American conquest.
American Conquest
The first war of America's existence as an independent state was fought against the Shawnee, the Miami, and other Ohio River Valley tribes in the Northwest Indian War of 1790-95. The war provides a window into how US conquest of the continent would proceed through the next century and comprise a central element of US foreign policy into the future. Szarejko examines why the United States first engaged in this war to secure its claim to the Old Northwest and how the reverberations of the war extend far beyond the process of settlement. In focusing on US strategy during the war--its reliance on military bases to project power and a nascent counterinsurgency doctrine--Szarejko expertly traces the patterns established by this conflict throughout American political history and demonstrates how that military victory continues to be legitimized today through local commemorations of the war. This innovative book argues forcefully against the conventional claim that early US foreign policy was isolationist, brings Indigenous politics more fully into the realm of international relations, and allows researchers in several scholarly fields to better understand the nature of American conquest.
Asian Crucible
**The decades-spanning story of Asia's rise, and the new faultlines that are set to shape the region's and the world's future.** For many centuries, Asia had been the apex of human civilization, home to the greatest concentrations of wealth, power and population. Yet by the mid-twentieth century, in the aftermath of colonialism and war, much of the continent was mired in poverty and underdevelopment. This book tells the sweeping story of Asia's modern resurgence: how globalization, supply chains and market-led integration powered unprecedented economic growth and lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty. It explores the creativity, energy and resilience that made this possible, while examining the dark side of that success: new geopolitical and nationalistic tensions that threaten to unravel this progress. As Asia stands at a crossroads, facing both extraordinary opportunity and escalating risk, this timely analysis offers insight into the forces shaping its future. Drawing on history, economics and geopolitics, it is a call for thoughtful leadership to ensure that peace and prosperity rather than conflict and division define the next chapter of Asia's story.
United Nations
The BiblioGov Project is an effort to expand awareness of the public documents and records of the U.S. Government via print publications. In broadening the public understanding of government and its work, an enlightened democracy can grow and prosper. Ranging from historic Congressional Bills to the most recent Budget of the United States Government, the BiblioGov Project spans a wealth of government information. These works are now made available through an environmentally friendly, print-on-demand basis, using only what is necessary to meet the required demands of an interested public. We invite you to learn of the records of the U.S. Government, heightening the knowledge and debate that can lead from such publications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Treaty of Lausanne
This book explores the creation and legacy of the Treaty of Lausanne, which marked the end of the First World War in the Near East, as well as the end of the old Eastern Question. It deals with the role, political and legal, of the Treaty in the international system, its effects on the national policies of the Great Powers and of regional States, the impact of economic issues and oil diplomacy, along with its social repercussions in the compulsory exchange of Greek and Turkish populations. The book brings together historians, political scientists, experts on international relations, and scholars of international law to cast new light on the shaping of the contemporary Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East, and the interaction between the regional and the global. It is valuable resource for academics and practitioners focused on all these areas of study.
NATO
The BiblioGov Project is an effort to expand awareness of the public documents and records of the U.S. Government via print publications. In broadening the public understanding of government and its work, an enlightened democracy can grow and prosper. Ranging from historic Congressional Bills to the most recent Budget of the United States Government, the BiblioGov Project spans a wealth of government information. These works are now made available through an environmentally friendly, print-on-demand basis, using only what is necessary to meet the required demands of an interested public. We invite you to learn of the records of the U.S. Government, heightening the knowledge and debate that can lead from such publications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Two Wests
What if the West, which we often perceive as a united bloc, was in fact deeply fractured? *The Two Wests: How the Empire Betrayed the Enlightenment* takes you on a fascinating intellectual journey, challenging the illusion of a homogeneous Western civilisation. Far from being a simple historical analysis, this book explores the complex forces that have shaped two distinct worldviews, each with its own cultural identities, economic strategies and ideological foundations.The book delves into the heart of historical divisions, tracing the divergences between Western and Eastern Europe, marked by Greco-Roman legacies, Orthodoxy and contrasting experiences of colonisation. It examines how major geopolitical confrontations, from world wars to the Cold War, have contributed to fragmenting the West into rival spheres of influence. The analysis extends to the striking cultural contrasts and divergent economic strategies that continue to widen the gap between these two worlds.This book offers a sharp insight into the most pressing contemporary challenges, from rising populism to the silent ideological struggle playing out on the world stage. It invites you to reflect critically on the philosophical roots of our thinking, the tensions between science and faith, nationalism and universalism, and the need to reinvent a shared humanism in the face of the challenges of globalised capitalism.*The Two Wests* is a call to action. It provides new insights into global issues and encourages constructive dialogue aimed at overcoming antagonisms. It is essential reading for anyone who wants to deconstruct simplistic perceptions and help build a more just and harmonious future.
Criminal Actors in Latin America
This book seeks to serve as a short primer to students and individuals seeking to understand criminal organizations in Latin America. This work examines who are the major criminal actors in numerous countries across the region, including Mexico, Colombia, Honduras, El Salvador, Brazil and Argentina. It explores transnational organized crime groups like the Sinaloa Cartel, which operates in numerous countries and is involved in a plethora of illicit activities. It also explores more regional cartels as well as gangs and other criminal actors. Each chapter highlights the leadership of the various organizations, and how these criminal groups evolved over time. It utilizes Department of Justice documents, scholarly works, and accounts from journalists to provide intricate details about a litany of key players in the criminal underworld.
#Forwardism
Behind today's headlines, significant megatrends are emerging that will reshape our lives in tremendous ways. The United Nations predicts that humanity will be 800 per cent richer than today by the year 2100, with a projected increase of 300-500 per cent wealth by the 2070s. And we won't have to worry about extreme weather events if we start allocating two per cent of the annual global GDP to adapt to extreme weather. We must turn today's 'Capitalism of Greed' into 'Karma Capitalism', a kind of trickle-down capitalism that is good for everyone-what we call Happytalism or the Happynomy. We should tackle loneliness and anxiety and embrace love in all its varieties. Fascist Wokism, Climatism and Islamism, as well as global drug cartels, should be eradicated. Theglobal financial and monetary system must be renewed. New currencies, based on gold and other commodities should replace our current economy of debt. Massive innovations will enrich us inthe new multipolar World Order. The future of work will be hybrid. Innovations like AI, avatars, robots, space mining, deep-seamining, abiotic oil, nuclear energy, thorium power plants, nuclear fusion, along with revolutions infood and health will increase productivity. This could allow for a three-day workweek, granting usmore time for love, sex and friendship. Hypersonic aeroplanes are on the horizon, enabling us tofly from Mumbai to London in two hours. This exciting future holds the potential for economic and spiritual growth, offering us more freedomthan ever before. This inspirational book explores what the Happynomy might look like and howthe era of #forwardism will unfold.
Trump
Democracy's Next Chapter: A Turning Point of Risk and PossibilityWith Trump's return to office, America and the world stand at a true crossroads-facing profound risks and unprecedented opportunities. TRUMP: Peril and Renewal in the Second Trump Era is Kelly Landry's essential guide for navigating this new era, revealing the challenges that threaten democracy while uncovering inspiring paths to renewal.Drawing from Lincoln's vision of "government of the people" and Kennedy's enduring call to service, Landry challenges both leaders and American citizens to rise above division, resist disinformation, and focus on what truly matters and endures.Inside, discover how: Grassroots movements are restoring trust and bringing communities back togetherInnovative alliances-across the country and around the globe-are defending democracy and achieving lasting changeResilient institutions are not only surviving disruption but adapting and thrivingBreakthrough strategies are transforming today's crises into tomorrow's opportunitiesThis book is your roadmap to renewal.Every chapter empowers citizens and leaders alike to help build a stronger, more united democracy for the future."Upbeat, smart, and surprisingly inspiring."- ReviewerBe part of democracy's greatest comeback story. The work of renewal starts now.
Municipal Affairs
"Municipal Affairs, Volume 1" offers a detailed look into the pressing issues facing American cities in the late 19th century. Compiled by the Reform Club's Committee on City Affairs, this volume addresses critical aspects of urban governance, exploring topics such as infrastructure, public services, and political reform. This work provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities of urban development during a period of rapid industrialization and population growth.A vital resource for historians, political scientists, and urban planners, "Municipal Affairs" sheds light on the historical context of modern urban challenges and the ongoing quest for effective and equitable city governance.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Artificial Intelligence, Media and International Security
This edited volume explores the complex relationship between AI, media and international security, focusing on key criteria. First, identifying AI applications like automated content and deepfakes. Second, evaluating security risks, including AI-driven information and psychological warfare, while considering geopolitical factors in a shifting global landscape. Written by a collection of international experts across diverse disciplines and regions in the world, the chapters take a multidimensional perspective to provide a holistic understanding of the various implications of the use of AI in media. This volume contributes to research on AI's intersection with media and international security, examining AI's implications, challenges, and malicious uses. It also explores media diplomacy's role in navigating shifts in global power dynamics. Bridging political science, international relations, security studies, journalism, and communications, this book will benefit researchers and students across these fields.
Latin American Perspectives on Civil-Military Relations Today
China's Diplomacy Responding to World Transformation in the New Era
This book delves into the innovative thinking, new and key agendas, and practical evolution of China's diplomacy in the new era. As the world has entered a new epoch, the once-in-a-century world transformation is accelerating, and great power rivalry becomes increasingly prominent, with the Sino-US strategic competition emerging as the driving force behind the tremendous shifts in international relations. The interaction between China and the world has undergone significant changes, and China's diplomatic adjustments have captured global attention. This book elucidates the underlying logic behind these diplomatic adjustments, summarizes the manifestations of China's diplomatic concepts and innovative practices, highlights the numerous new issues arising from China's interaction with the world, analyzes the challenges and dilemmas faced by Chinese diplomacy, and explores new directions for China's diplomatic breakthroughs. This book serves as a theoretical guide for professional researchers, including experts, scholars, research personnel, and students, while also offering a systematic understanding for a wide range of readers interested in China-related issues, including those in the business world, policy circles, and international activists. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.
Legitimating Violence: Military Operations Within Brazilian Borders
Intelligence Analysis of the Long Range Missile Threat to the United States
This document presents the hearing before the Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate, held on December 4, 1996, during the One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. The central focus of the hearing is "Intelligence Analysis of the Long Range Missile Threat to the United States." This record provides insights into the concerns and assessments of the U.S. Senate regarding potential missile threats during this period. It is a valuable resource for researchers, historians, and policymakers interested in understanding the evolution of national security strategies and the intelligence analysis processes employed by the U.S. government during the late 20th century.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Quantifying International Conflicts
Based on the Datawar research program developed by three French academic institutions, this book seeks to explore the following research question: how do social practices of data collection and analysis in quantitative conflict studies influence researchers' and practitioners' representations of armed conflict? The editors and authors investigate both scientific practices in the field of quantitative conflict studies and the impact of these practices on practitioners' vision of war, covering the full lifecycle of quantitative conflict data, from collection and analysis to their use and dissemination by military and diplomatic institutions, humanitarian organizations, and the media.
NATO
The BiblioGov Project is an effort to expand awareness of the public documents and records of the U.S. Government via print publications. In broadening the public understanding of government and its work, an enlightened democracy can grow and prosper. Ranging from historic Congressional Bills to the most recent Budget of the United States Government, the BiblioGov Project spans a wealth of government information. These works are now made available through an environmentally friendly, print-on-demand basis, using only what is necessary to meet the required demands of an interested public. We invite you to learn of the records of the U.S. Government, heightening the knowledge and debate that can lead from such publications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
How to Be a Diplomat
With the international system entering a period of extreme flux, diplomacy has never been more important, and how to do it successfully more relevant. This book considers what diplomacy is, its purpose, rules, structures, how it is done, what it involves, the skills required, the impact of technological and societal changes, and how diplomats ensure success. In short, it is about handling people and problems, particularly in other countries, without coming to blows. Drawing on the author's extensive personal experience, this readable volume focuses on the practical problems diplomats regularly face, such as negotiating an agreement, working with a hostile government, dealing with dual nationals imprisoned for political reasons, looking after local staff, engaging with civil society, responding to humanitarian crises, and what to do if a war breaks out on your doorstep. This is an invaluable training resource for anyone working at the coal face of international relations and a guide to how to navigate, operate, behave, negotiate, and survive diplomatic life. Such diplomatic skills will be of wider relevance in many walks of life - international, commercial, bureaucratic, even family.
The Gulf And The War Against Iran
Discover the critical crossroads of the Middle East with **The Gulf and the War Against Iran** by Hichem Karoui - an incisive exploration of one of the world's most volatile regions. This timely volume delves deeply into the tangled history, ongoing rivalries, and energy-driven conflicts that define the Gulf and frame its tumultuous relationship with Iran. Drawing on decades of regional dynamics, Karoui examines how ancient distrust, religious divides, and shifting alliances continue to ignite tensions and fuel global power struggles. You'll uncover the hidden drivers behind US intervention, the geopolitical chess match of energy resources and shipping routes, the transformative impact of the Iranian Revolution, and the manoeuvres of global powers and non-state actors shaping the region's uncertain future. Karoui offers not only sharp analysis of ongoing crises but also practical pathways to de-escalation, regional cooperation, and lasting peace.Rich in historical insight but laser-focused on contemporary realities-from sanctions and economic pressures to the rise of new regional and global actors-this book is essential for readers who want to understand the strategic heart of the world's most consequential conflicts. Ideal for academics, policymakers, students, and anyone seeking to grasp what's really at stake in the Gulf and beyond.Challenge your perspective. Engage in essential debates. Read **The Gulf and the War Against Iran**-and join the search for solutions in a region that shapes our shared global future.
The Foreign Minister
"The Foreign Minister" offers a compelling glimpse into the world of international politics and diplomacy. Leo Lania presents a revealing account of a prominent foreign minister, exploring the intricate challenges and high-stakes decisions that shape global events. Published in 1955, this work provides valuable insights into the political landscape of the mid-20th century, capturing the complexities of European relations. Readers interested in political history and biographical studies will find this an engaging and informative read.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
