湯瑪斯．羅瑞茨基
是當代波蘭詩人及翻譯家，1970年生於波蘭西南部西里西亞的奧波萊省，該地區揉合多元文化，獨樹一幟。他於克拉科夫亞捷隆大學研究羅馬語言，同時翻譯法國詩歌，曾翻譯斯特凡．馬拉美的《孤注一擲絕不會破壞偶然》，並於2005年出版。羅瑞茨基著有詩集《祖國》(1997)、《靈魂》(1999)、《郊外小舍》(2001)、《世界與反世界》(2003) 及長篇?事詩《十二車站》(2004)，作品佳評如潮。《十二車站》勇奪「高捷斯基獎」，令羅瑞茨基廁身波蘭最重要詩人之列；「高捷斯基獎」為表揚40歲以下的波蘭作家的最高文學榮譽，著名波蘭作家斯瓦沃米爾．莫羅熱克、齊別根紐．赫伯特及亞當．扎加耶夫斯基亦曾得獎。
《十二車站》是一首長篇的悲喜詩劇，故事採用家族第三代代表的視角，講述第二次世界大戰後，這位第三代代表聚合了半世紀以前被驅逐出波蘭東部的家族成員，眾人重回故土，舉行家庭聚會，並尋找於1945年埋於土下的教會大鐘。「高捷斯基獎」的評審團深受感動，認為《十二車站》反映「省域與家族傳統間的有趣距離，同時熱情地歌頌省域和家族傳統」，足以媲美波蘭民族史詩《塔杜斯先生》。在2004年，羅瑞茨基首三本著作輯錄成《詩集》問世，最新著作有《殖民地》(2007)、《旋轉之書》(2010) 及《動物寓言集》(2012)。《殖民地》收錄77篇詩作，包括〈海港的酒館〉、〈火土〉及〈肉桂與丁香〉，詩題大都富有異國情調，跟詩中描寫波蘭鄉郊的日常生活及憂鬱思緒，構成了強烈的對比。
羅瑞茨基的作品獲翻譯成多種歐洲語言，先後於德國、法國、意大利、英國及斯洛伐克出版，最近更由西風出版社於美國出版作品選集《遺忘的鑰匙》及《殖民地》英譯版（美娜．羅森泰譯）。羅瑞茨基得獎無數，榮獲「克日什托夫．卡密爾．巴申斯基獎」及《文學筆記本》頒贈的「約瑟夫．布羅茨基獎」，並曾兩度獲提名波蘭權威文學大獎「尼刻獎」。羅瑞茨基亦不時參與國際詩歌節，包括「2000年歐洲文學薈萃」及「克拉克夫與休士頓夏日詩歌研討會」( 2004)。羅瑞茨基與家人現居於家鄉奧波萊巿。
（蘇良信譯）
Tomasz Ro?ycki, a contemporary Polish poet and translator, was born in 1970 in Opole (Silesia, the southwestern part of Poland, a region that bears the mark of a distinct mixture of cultures). Ro?ycki studied Romance languages at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. Alongside his work he translated poetry from French, publishing a translation of Stephane Mallarme’s Un coup de des jamais n’abolira le hasard in 2005. He is the author of five collections of poems to great acclaim: Vaterland (1997), Anima (1999), Chata umaita (2001), ?wiat i anty?wiat (2003), and the long epic poem Dwana?cie stacji (2004), for which he was awarded the Ko?cielski Prize, the most prestigious literary prize for Polish writers under forty. He thus joined the ranks of Poland’s most important writers, among them S?awomir Mro?ek, Zbigniew Herbert, and Adam Zagajewski.
The long, tragic-comic poem tells the story of a family gathering from the perspective of a third generation representative, post World War II. He gathers together all the members of his family who were expelled from Poland’s eastern regions half a century ago with the aim of revisiting their place of origin and of seeking out the church bells buried in 1945. The poem, compared by critics to the national epic Pan Tadeusz, moved the jury with its “humorous distance, but also warmly depicted praise, of the province and of family tradition.” In the same year, a collection of Ro?ycki’s first three volumes appeared under the title Wiersze (Poems, 2004). His latest work, Kolonie (2007), brings together seventy-seven poems whose exotic titles such as Tawerna w porcie (Tavern at the Harbour), Ziemia Ognista (Fire Earth), and Cynamon i go?dziki (Cinnamon and Cloves) present a striking contrast to the depictions of everyday Polish country life and the melancholic thoughts they contain.
His work has been translated into numerous European languages, and The Forgotten Keys: Selected Poetry of Tomasz Ro?ycki and Colonies (translated by Mira Rosenthal) have just been published by Zephyr Press in USA. His latest books are Ksi?ga obrotow in 2010 and Bestiarium in 2012. His poems have been translated and published in Germany, France, Italy, Great Britain, and Slovakia. He has received the Krzysztof Kamil Baczy?ski Prize, the Joseph Brodski Prize from Zeszyty Literackie, and has been nominated twice for the Nike Prize, Poland’s most important literary award. He has participated in the Literaturexpress Europa 2000, the Krakow-Houston Summer Poetry Seminar (2004), and other international poetry festivals. He lives in his native city Opole with his wife and two children.
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