魏晉擅代之際,竹林七賢聚於山陽,避開政爭,高蹈出塵,或飲酒,或清談,或游浪山水,或切磋三玄、養生、音樂等學術議題。他們神交意契,精神挺立,風譽散於海內。其中嵇康的名論與阮籍的詠懷詩頗獲高評,形象也最突出;而山濤以《山公啟事》精於人事任用;向秀隱解《莊子》,大暢玄風;劉伶以〈酒德頌〉傳世不朽;阮咸則「神解」樂律;王戎擅史論及具軍事、經濟才。大抵七賢代表易代之際應世的七種不同面向:山濤出仕;阮籍虛與委蛇;王戎營利,以鄙吝自晦;劉伶落拓,自我放逐;向秀著述立說;阮咸沉迷音聲;嵇康則剛直忤世。嵇康以「峻」、阮籍以「慎」、山濤以「深」、向秀以「思」、王戎以「晦」、劉伶以「達」、阮咸以「清」為特質,形象鮮明,允為魏晉名士風度之型塑者。(博雅集林.思想2)
馬歡是隨鄭和出使西洋的阿拉伯文翻譯官,他是回教徒,先後於1412年、1421年和1431年三次出使西洋,他將其親眼目睹和聽聞的西洋各國國情寫成瀛涯勝覽一書,記錄了他所訪問的二十個西洋國家,有助於增加我們對這些國家在十五世紀的國情的瞭解。鄭和下西洋官方檔案均已銷毀不存,故該書成為瞭解鄭和下西洋歷程之重要文獻之一。 Ma Huan was an Arabic translator who accompanied Zheng He on his missions to the West Ocean. He was a Muslim, and he went to the West Ocean three times in 1412, 1421, and 1431. He wrote the book Yingya Shenglan (The Magnificent Scenery in Far Ocean Countries), which records the twenty Western countries he visited. It will help to increase our understanding of the national conditions of these countries in the fifteenth century. The official archives of Zheng He's voyages have been destroyed, so this book has become one of the important documents to understand Zheng He's voyages.
張燮是第十六世紀末葉的福建學者,其附近的漳州、泉州和廈門是跟東南亞有密切商貿往來的地區,因此他從小應該對於海外事情有所見聞,也可能接觸不少來自海外的船人和商家,這些資訊給了他寫作上不少的題材。張燮在寫作該書時,中國剛好面臨日本倭寇的入侵以及西洋勢力對中國沿海之覬覦,所以他的著作正好反映了那個時代的知識份子的世界觀。本書涵蓋的範圍東到日本,西到馬來半島和蘇門答臘,並沒有包括南印度。他對於該一地區的國家、民情風俗、航運和市場交易,有更為貼近現實的描述,這是其他著作欠缺的,因此該書對於瞭解東亞地區之海洋交通航運史具有重要參考價值。 Chang Xie was a Fujian scholar in the late 16th century. The nearby Zhangzhou, Quanzhou, and Xiamen are areas with close business ties with Southeast Asia. Therefore, he should have learned about overseas affairs since he was a child, and he may have come into contact with many ships from overseas. People and businesses, this information gave him a lot of materials for writing. When Chang Xie was writing this book, China was facing the invasion of Japanese pirates and the coveting of China's coastal areas by Western forces, so his work just reflected the worldview of intellectuals of that era. The scope covered in this book extends from Japan in the east to the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra in the west, and South India is not included. He has a more realistic description of this region's countries, customs, shipping, and market transactions, which is lacking in other works. Therefore, this book has significant reference value for understanding the history of maritime transportation and shipping in East Asia.
諸蕃志是一本第十三世紀中國人看世界各國國情及風土人情的書,作者趙汝适以其海關官員工作之便利,得以知悉各國之國情,一一加以記錄並參考中國古籍完成此書。該書是周去非在1178年所寫的嶺外代答之後介紹外國的第二本中文書籍,而且更為詳細,具有其歷史地位和重要性。筆者將之譯為白話文以及英文,俾使之流傳中外。 Zhu-Fan-Zhi is a book about the national conditions and customs of various countries in the world for Chinese in the 13th century. The author Zhao Ru-gua took advantage of the convenience of his work as a customs officer to know the national conditions of various countries, recorded them one by one, and completed this book with reference to ancient Chinese books. This book is the second book in Chinese to introduce foreign countries after Zhou Qufei's Lingwai Daida (On Behalf Reply Outside the Ridges) in 1178. It is more detailed and has its historical status and importance. The author translated it into vernacular and English to circulate it at home and abroad.
本書分析中國古典小說與善書對日本江戶時期(1603-1868)唐通事教材《瓊浦佳話》、《養兒子》、《小孩兒》、《鬧裡鬧》、《唐通事心得》與《唐話長短拾話》之影響,聚焦這些教材如何借用或承襲古典小說與善書之結構情節、俗諺故實與價值意識,以為唐話之學習依據;並強調唐通事因其血緣與認同之互有差異,於學習唐話之同時,也轉化來自中國古典小說與善書的倫理觀點與文化認識,於此展現了古典小說與善書之文本特徵與價值內涵之傳播與融通。(典範集成.文學19)
本書探討戰亂時代中人們如何生活,而以金末最後二十年(約 1214-1234)到元朝初年(約1234-1260)這段時間的政治發展與社會變動為背景,擇取數位士人為對象,考察他們於這個時代中的日常生活,範圍主要聚焦於士人的「政治」、「經濟」與「文化」活動的討論,藉此觀察理解戰亂時代中士人日常生活的諸多樣貌。
選錄傅斯年圖書館藏三十二種善本古籍,以明、清人史部著作 為主,均為珍貴罕見的版本,內容包括科舉文獻、奏議公牘、地理方志、職官政書等,涵蓋社會、經濟、政治、制度、軍事、 文化、地理等諸多面向,具有相當高的學術價值。 全套三十九冊,每部書均撰有提要,論述作者生平行略、撰述原由、內容概要及價值等。末附人名索引,收錄各書編撰者、卷內輯文作者、序跋者及手書題記者。
本書探討馮夢龍的敘事作品,涵蓋白話小說與歷史著述,同時關注馮夢龍的多元身分與時代語境之互動關係。首先探問從閱讀歷史到敘述歷史,馮夢龍如何通過編輯活動將其理念推向公眾世界;其次,追問馮夢龍如何藉由敘述,將其政治想像投注於各類作品之中。全書共分四章,並以「編輯活動」、「歷史意識」、「敘述話語」、「政治關懷」貫串各章,試圖建構馮夢龍編輯與著述活動之動態演變,希冀填補現有馮夢龍研究的空缺;同時也細緻觀察晚明小說和歷史敘述之間的離合關係,期能豐富我們對晚明敘事文學的理解與認識。(典範集成.文學13)
桐城派是清代規模最大,也是中國文學史上人數最多的文人群體,其文論建構,肇基於方苞義法說。方苞自《史記》提煉而得義法一詞,則知《史記》之於桐城派,有其樞紐意義。《史記》究竟影響了桐城派哪些文論的產生?而桐城派文人的閱讀標榜,又形成了《史記》學怎樣新的研究視角?本書試圖從上述雙向的角度,自創作論、風格論、駢散相成、詩文一律、以考據為義法、回歸義法以經世等脈絡,討論《史記》文本和桐城派文論的交互作用。 涉及的桐城派文人,包括方苞、王又樸、劉大櫆、姚範、姚鼐、吳德旋、方東樹、錢泰吉、吳敏樹、張文虎、曾國藩、王拯、郭嵩燾、張裕釗、楊琪光、吳汝綸、何家琪、林紓、吳闓生、徐樹錚等人。則知《史記》學其文、其事、其義兼備之特色,在桐城派文人的持續努力中,新變而代雄。(人文新貴4)