Economic Analysis of Green Development in China
China has promised to achieve carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. To achieve this goal, the country must implement necessary reforms and focus on innovation in areas of economics and finance. This book explores main challenges that China may face in achieving green and low-carbon development, analyzes green and low-carbon related issues from the economic perspective and proposes countermeasures as required. The book further helps readers understand China's progress in protecting its environment, achieving sustainable development, facilitating green investments and in being a green economy.
Agents of European Overseas Empires
Agents of European overseas empires involves contributors who specialise on often overlooked aspects of imperial endeavour: 'private' European interests, companies, merchants or courtiers, who conducted their own activities both with and without the benediction of polities. The chapters adopt intra- as well as inter-imperial perspectives and transport the reader to colonial America, the West Indies, the Cape of Good Hope, Batavia, or Ceylon, through the Dutch, English, French and Spanish empires. Agents of European overseas empires offers crucial insight on how these actors acquired profits and power and, in turn, laid the platforms for European global empires.
Elections and Governance
Elections and Governance - Jamaica on the Global Frontier is presented in two books: The Colonial Years, 1663 to 1962 and The Independence Years, 1962 to 2016. Together, they sketch elections and governance in Jamaica as a colony within the British Empire and as a nation-state from 1962 to 2016. Being on the global frontier locates Jamaica in the practice of elections and governance within the Western world but from the perspective of peoples subordinated in that world yet resolutely defiant of domination because of their firm embrace of freedom.The Colonial Years chronicles the emergence of the English as a people, describes each element that formed the structure of governance and the practice of elections, beginning with Magna Carta in 1215, up to the Civil War and Interregnum in the 1640s and 1650s. English families that restored King Charles II as monarch formed an oligarchy in England that transplanted itself in colonies in North America and the West Indies. Two unsettled questions were the rights of Englishmen in England and the colonies and parity between the House of Commons and elected Assemblies in colonies. These questions were contested in Jamaica up to the mid-twentieth century. The Colonial Years also describes governance and elections among the Akan of Ghana, the Igbo and Ibibio of Nigeria, and the Congo of West Central African prior to their coerced and cruel transportation to West Indies as enslaved. Cultures clashed, creolized, and contended violently. Minority oligarchic power was countered by the power of overwhelming numbers, courage, cunning, and at times reciprocated brutality. Multilateral global connections, Christian Denominations, and a free press all championing competing segments of the society, expanded access to education. Unrestricted sexual unions, enjoyment of rum and bacchanal, and the mobility of the population, all contributed to a sense of common humanity. The Colonial Years documents repeated failure of oligarchic governance, the triumph of the excluded marginal majority in achieving universal adult suffrage, the fear of despotism by all, and the creation of a two-party parliamentary democracy.The Independence Years, 1962 to 2016 chronicles how the nation-state has struggled with its colonial history. It highlights the dilemma of winner-take-all governance; the inherent flaws of democracy in its umbilical connection with elections, in that elected representatives can constitutionally and legally appropriate the sovereign power of the people; and outlines Jamaica's unique attempt to resolve the paradox sustained so far by the electorate and elected representatives. The Independence Years identifies limits of elections and the political process in decolonization, subversive effects of some successful forms of resistance of colonialism and slavery to building a viable state, moral society, and authentic democracy, as well as the risk of regression to oligarchy. It challenges the Jamaica Umbrella Group of Churches, starting with itself, to take the lead in continuing transformation of the Jamaican nation while avoiding nationalistic Christianity.
Freud, the Contemporary Super-ego, and Western Morality
Freud, the Contemporary Super-ego, and Western Morality traces the origins of the relationship between the morality of the super-ego and the destructive impulse of the death drive in the liberal democracies of the twenty-first century.
Political Power and Environmental Sustainability in Gulf Monarchies
This book offers a new perspective about the Gulf Arab states entering a post-oil era by looking at the political factors behind the green transformation. It discusses the recent 'environmental enthusiasm' in the oil- and gas-rich Gulf monarchies by asking how political power can be constituted through advocating environmental sustainability. While hydrocarbon-wealthy Gulf monarchies have been viewed as the globe's 'hydrocarbon powerhouse' with an immense ecological footprint, efforts towards sustainability and environmental protection measures are increasingly monitored. Climate Change, environmental, degradation and the global pressure towards a low-carbon development are threatening the very basis of economic and political power of the oil- and gas-exporting Gulf monarchies. So far, discussions about this fundamental transformation have barely elaborated how it affects and reorganizes political power games in the region. This book attempts to overcome thedominant focus of techno economic drivers of change and uncovers how environmental sustainability impacts state-society and state-elite relationships as well as shaping regional and even global geopolitics.
Christians and Christianity in India and Pakistan
Originally published in 1954, Christians and Christianity in India and Pakistan is an historical account of Christianity from the time of Apostle Thomas through to contemporary times. It will appeal to those with an interest in the history of Christianity.
The Republican War Against Women
Disillusioned and angered by her party's hostile strategy toward women, birthright Republican Tanya Melich walked out of her delegation to the 1992 national convention in revulsion at its deliberate adoption of policies designed to create hostility between the sexes in exchange for votes.Her acclaimed 1996 book, "The Republican War Against Women", cites chapter and verse to document the GOP's twenty-year history of hypocrisy toward women. Powerful and persuasive, this updated edition of the book not only illustrates how these actions created a gender gap that cost the party the 1992 and 1996 elections -- it demonstrates why the only hope for its future is to adopt a vigorous new vision. In two thoughtful new chapters, Melich calls for all those for whom traditional party affiliation has become an obsolete concept -- moderate Republicans, centrist Democrats, and the 39 percent of voters who identify themselves as independents -- to join in a New Center Republican party whose equitable agenda is attuned to the needs of all America's citizens.
The Government of Disasters
This book examines the history of disaster management in South Africa, showing how experts, professionals and policymakers have crafted and implemented disaster policies from the mid-twentieth century to the present day. It assesses the ways in which states become concerned with disasters, the extent to which disaster management contributes toward state formation, and who and what disaster management protects. It also considers the ways in which the politics of protection continuously shift as political regimes change. In telling the story of how policies surrounding disaster protection have evolved in South Africa, the book demonstrates how the security apparatus that shaped disaster management was re-oriented in the twenty-first century towards development, alongside bureaucratic reforms that aimed to democratize the state. By examining the wider context of the globalization of disaster management, it also highlights the often unrecognised role of experts from Africa, Latin America and Asia in shaping global disaster policies. The book will appeal to scholars and students of disaster governance, public policy, state formation, and African politics.
Policy Design for Research and Innovation
This book investigates the determinants of policy design choices in an area of public policy embracing multiple sectors of public responsibilities: Research and Innovation (R&I). Drawing on case studies from France and Italy, it assesses how governments design research and innovation policy strategies. It also examines how policymakers and stakeholders translate their interests into different design strategies, and the impact of varying political orientations and institutional setups on shaping choices for alternative policy instruments. Lastly, the book considers how the interactions between policy makers and policy takers influence policy design choices. It will appeal to scholars and students of comparative public policy, public administration, emerging technologies, and governance.
The European Union's Engagement with the Southern Mediterranean
This book addresses the EU's engagement with the Southern Mediterranean. It examines the involvement of EU institutions in member states' approach to relevant policy issues within the European Neighbourhood Policy, and how such involvement affects the EU's overall cooperation with countries in the Southern Mediterranean region. In particular, the book offers an assessment of the nature and development of integration in the EU's approach to trade and economic development, energy security, counterterrorism, irregular migration and asylum, and maritime security. In doing so, it not only provides a precise and thorough overview of the institutional practices underpinning the EU's engagement with the Southern Mediterranean, but also sheds light on the EU's evolution beyond the regulatory polity model.
The Transnational Society
This book is the first of a work in two parts addressing the relations between the transnational society and the state. It is dedicated to the analysis and conceptualisation of transnational societies. This work moves beyond the mere depiction of transborder socialities by shedding light on the fundamental structures underpinning them. It investigates the mechanics of their formation and evolution, their demise or transformation into diasporas. It theorises transmigrants as plural humans embedded and socialised in multiple settings, and whose activities are sustained and framed by three key social institutions: transnational families, businesses and associations. It sheds light on the construction of an intersubjective moral framework regulating the relations between migrants and non-migrants. Finally, it examines the space-time continuum of transnational societies.
The Political Philosophy of Internal Displacement
The situation of internally displaced persons has been a matter of international concern - and legal debate - since at least the late 1990s and early 2000s, and its salience has only increased in the context of extreme weather events produced by intensifying climate change. Research in political philosophy, however, has so far barely touched on this issue, despite its close connection to and relevance for lively and expansive debates on migration, refugees, territorial rights, state sovereignty, and climate change. This volume aims to set the philosophical agenda for articulating a political ethics of internal displacement, and to highlight the importance of the phenomenon for these wider theoretical issues. Across 12 chapters that explore different aspects of internal displacement, authors working at the forefront of these debates construct a compelling research agenda for the political philosophy of internal displacement.
Foreign Aid and Its Unintended Consequences
Foreign aid and international development frequently bring with it a range of unintended consequences. Providing a clear overview of what side effects to anticipate when planning, executing, and evaluating aid, this book will be an important resource for students, development practitioners, and policymakers alike.
Against Decolonisation
Following the killing of George Floyd in 2020, a moral panic gripped the US and UK. To atone for an alleged history of racism, statues were torn down and symbols of national identity attacked. Across universities, fringe theories became the new orthodoxy, with a cadre of activists backed by university technocrats adopting a binary worldview of moral certainty, sin and deconstructive redemption through Western self-erasure. This hard-hitting book surveys these developments for the first time. It unpacks and challenges the theories and arguments deployed by 'decolonisers' in a university system now characterised by garbled leadership and illiberal groupthink. The desire to question the West's sense of itself, deconstruct its narratives and overthrow its institutional order is an impulse that, ironically, was underpinned by a more confident and assured Western hegemony, which is now waning and under great strain. If its light continues to dim, who or what will carry the torch for human freedom and progress?
Space Policy for the Twenty-First Century
A foundational, accessible overview ofspace policy in the United States Thisbook provides readers with the first comprehensive overview of major spacepolicies in the United States and a framework through which to analyze them. Itexamines all facets of space policy--civilian, military, and commercial--andpresents this material accessibly for use by readers at multiple levels, from undergraduatecourses to government practitioners making and implementing policy. Thefirst section offers a history of space exploration, focusing on the USwithin a global context. The second section looks at the actors andinstitutions involved in setting space policy in a government based on theseparation of powers, including the president, Congress, NASA, and theDepartment of Defense. The book concludes with chapters on the differentsectors of space policy, as well as questions this field will face in the future. Aspolicymakers and business leaders become increasingly aware of the everydaysystems that depend on space technologies, such as communications, mapping, andweather monitoring, and as space becomes a more visible arena for commercialcompetition, potential humanitarian gain, and military threats, Space Policyfor the Twenty-First Century helps students and professionals navigate thecomplexity of space as a policy area.
Why AI Undermines Democracy and What to Do about It
Across the world, AI is used as a tool for political manipulation and totalitarian repression. Stories about AI are often stories of polarization, discrimination, surveillance, and oppression. Is democracy in danger? And can we do anything about it? In this compelling and balanced book, Mark Coeckelbergh reveals the key risks posed by AI for democracy. He argues that AI, as currently used and developed, undermines fundamental principles on which liberal democracies are founded, such as freedom and equality. How can we make democracy more resilient in the face of AI? And, more positively, what can AI do for democracy? Coeckelbergh advocates not only for more democratic technologies, but also for new political institutions and a renewal of education to ensure that AI promotes, rather than hinders, the common good for the twenty-first century. Why AI Undermines Democracy and What to Do About It is illuminating reading for anyone who is concerned about the fate of democracy.Now available as an audiobook
Gender and the Creative Labour Market
This book describes the early career outcomes for female creative graduates in Australia and the UK. It applies the international UNESCO model of the Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) to national graduate destination survey data in order to compare creative women's employment outcomes to those of men, as well as non-creative graduates. Chapters focus on opportunities for creative and cultural work, including salaries, geographic mobility, graduate jobs, underemployment, and skills transferability. The model covers a broad range of cultural and creative domains such as heritage, the performing arts, visual arts and craft, publishing and media industries, fashion, architecture and advertising. The book's purpose is to provide an informed discussion and empirical report to key stakeholders in the topic, such as academic researchers, teachers and students, as well as cultural sector organisations and education departments.
Climate Change Adaptation in River Management
This book examines the approaches to climate change adaptation in water governance taken by South Korea and Germany. By comparing their political decision-making processes, this book explores the factors behind their differences. Adaptation to the changing climate is critical to human society and water is the principal medium through which climate change will affect us. Due to high levels of industrialization and population density, flood control is a high priority in both countries' adaptation plans. While South Korea has maintained its engineering-oriented flood control policy for river management, Germany has turned its direction from its long-standing technical approach to more nature-based solutions. The evidence of this study indicates that policy change and stability is the result of discourse and institutional interaction, and thus emphasizes the validity of discursive institutionalism. This book will clearly explain why certain policies are adopted for water management and will be an invaluable contribution to the expanding literature on the socio-political aspects of climate change adaptation.
How Autocrats Rise
For the past decade and a half, the world has witnessed a precipitous decline of democratic countries and the consequent rise of autocrats. How Autocrats Rise: Sequences of Democratic Backsliding challenges the conventional wisdom and offers an institutional-ideological approach to understand the phenomenon, examines the steps of emergent autocrats, and analyzes the methods of legitimizing their rules. Employing the new framework, the book provides incisive analyses of four countries located in four different regions with dissimilar national features - Bangladesh, Bolivia, Hungary, and Turkey, and demonstrates that political developments in these countries have followed a similar, specific pattern resulting in various shades of autocracy. Theoretically enriched and empirically grounded, this exceptionally timely book makes significant contribution to the democratic backsliding literature while offering insights on how to forestall an autocratic era.
The Geopolitics of Shaming
A bold new perspective on the strategic logic of international human rights enforcement When a government violates the rights of its citizens, the international community can respond by exerting moral pressure and urging reform. Yet many of the most egregious violations appear to go unpunished. In many cases, shaming not only fails to induce compliance but also incites a backlash, provoking resistance and worsening human rights practices. The Geopolitics of Shaming presents a new theory on the strategic logic of international human rights enforcement, revealing why and how states punish violations in other countries, when shaming leads to an improvement in human rights conditions, and when it backfires. Drawing on a wide range of evidence--from large-scale cross-national data to original survey experiments and detailed case studies--Rochelle Terman shows how human rights shaming is a deeply political process, one that operates in and through strategic relationships. Arguing that preexisting geopolitical relationships condition both the causes and consequences of shaming in world politics, she shows how adversaries are quick to condemn human rights abuses but often provoke a counterproductive response, while friends and allies are the most effective shamers but can be reluctant to impose meaningful sanctions. Upending conventional wisdom on the role of norms in world affairs, The Geopolitics of Shaming demonstrates that politicization is integral to--not a corruption of--the success of the global human rights project.
There Was Nothing There
Explores the daily, lived effects of gentrification for neighborhood residents Williamsburg, Brooklyn, a prominent neighborhood in New York City, has undergone significant transformations through cycles of divestment and gentrification. In 2005, the city's decision to rezone the Williamsburg waterfront for high-rise housing led to a profound alteration of the physical, cultural, and social landscape. The result was the rapid influx of thousands of new residents, many of them wealthy, giving rise to luxury buildings, upscale dining, and high-end retail stores alongside new norms and expectations for the neighborhood. These new arrivals coexist with earlier gentrifiers as well as working-class Latinx and white ethnic populations, creating a complex and layered community. In There Was Nothing There, Sara Martucci draws on four decades of residents' memories and experiences, providing insights into the tensions, contradictions, and inequalities brought about by gentrification. Martucci focuses on the individual level, exploring how residents form connections to their neighborhoods and how these attachments shape their daily experiences of public spaces, local consumption, and evaluations of safety. As established residents, bohemians, and newcomers vie for ownership and belonging, their perceptions give rise to conflicting narratives that define the essence of the neighborhood. While the book's primary focus is Williamsburg, it serves as a cautionary tale about the broader impact of state-led gentrification, extending far beyond Brooklyn. The text underscores the potential consequences of such transformations for the future of cities, urging readers to consider the implications of cultural displacement, homogenization, and increased surveillance as gentrification permeates urban landscapes.
Vietnam Main Topic
Do you want to understand a realistic view of the nature of Vietnamese politics since the inception of its sovereignty as a nation after French domination but not sure where to start? Then this is the perfect book for you!Vietnam Main Topic was written more than half century ago and is still one of the most famous books ever written about interpretation and presentation of Vietnamese and international political issues.Ngo Dinh Nhu had expertly crafted his own judgments, after analyzing and synthesizing the historical data and world political events, scientifically, objectively and impartially. Mr. Nhu affirmed: The leaders of the North, under the domination of China, will destroy all our development opportunities, threatening the very existence of the nation.You will learn about: The global political landscape and the political, cultural, and technological differences between the major political ideologies that control world politics.Vietnam's position on the global political landscape.Internal conditions surrounding Vietnam's history.The issue of internal rectification.Role played by South Vietnam in the country's current political reality.Vietnam's path to modern development.And so much more...Vietnam Main Topic is certainly a necessary practical addition to your Vietnam War era knowledge.Are you ready to learn the truth? Then order your copy of Vietnam Main Topic today!
How Parliament Works
Written by expert insiders, How Parliament Works is a straightforward and readable analysis of one of the country's most complex - and often misunderstood - institutions. Covering every aspect of the work, membership and structures of both Houses, this key text provides a unique insight into the work and daily life of Parliament.The ninth edition has been substantially revised to take account of recent changes in both Houses, and to cover all the key issues affecting Parliament and politics, such as: Changes in membership of both Houses since the 2019 general election Developments on Brexit, including Parliament's scrutiny of post-Brexit arrangements Coverage of recent issues such as the Cherry/Miller prorogation case and its implications for the constitutional role of Parliament, the role of the Speaker in the Brexit process, dissent in Parliament and disagreement between the Houses Updates on developments on restoration and renewal New material on representation of different groups in and by Parliament Explanations of Parliament's response to allegations of bullying and harassment How Parliament adapted to carry on functioning during the covid-19 pandemic New in-text features, case studies and photographs How Parliament Works is essential reading for anyone who has anything to do with the Westminster Parliament: journalists, civil servants, lawyers, lobbyists, business and trade associations, diplomats, overseas parliaments and international bodies - and indeed members of both Houses. How Parliament Works is also an invaluable companion to the study of politics at A, A2 and university level, and provides a wealth of source material for teachers.
There Was Nothing There
Explores the daily, lived effects of gentrification for neighborhood residents Williamsburg, Brooklyn, a prominent neighborhood in New York City, has undergone significant transformations through cycles of divestment and gentrification. In 2005, the city's decision to rezone the Williamsburg waterfront for high-rise housing led to a profound alteration of the physical, cultural, and social landscape. The result was the rapid influx of thousands of new residents, many of them wealthy, giving rise to luxury buildings, upscale dining, and high-end retail stores alongside new norms and expectations for the neighborhood. These new arrivals coexist with earlier gentrifiers as well as working-class Latinx and white ethnic populations, creating a complex and layered community. In There Was Nothing There, Sara Martucci draws on four decades of residents' memories and experiences, providing insights into the tensions, contradictions, and inequalities brought about by gentrification. Martucci focuses on the individual level, exploring how residents form connections to their neighborhoods and how these attachments shape their daily experiences of public spaces, local consumption, and evaluations of safety. As established residents, bohemians, and newcomers vie for ownership and belonging, their perceptions give rise to conflicting narratives that define the essence of the neighborhood. While the book's primary focus is Williamsburg, it serves as a cautionary tale about the broader impact of state-led gentrification, extending far beyond Brooklyn. The text underscores the potential consequences of such transformations for the future of cities, urging readers to consider the implications of cultural displacement, homogenization, and increased surveillance as gentrification permeates urban landscapes.
The Parties in American Presidential Elections, 1789-2020
This book offers a timely understanding of the history of the Democratic and Republican Parties and their adaptability, endurance, and importance in presidential elections. Taking the reader from the beginnings of parties as caucuses of members of the First Congress meeting in 1789 through November 2020's presidential election, it provides a fascinating historical account of the debates, events, and personalities behind the beginnings of the nation's political parties. This includes the importance of national party nominating conventions in the nineteenth century, the growing importance of primary elections in nominations beginning in the early twentieth century, and the changes of campaigning for presidential candidates as they started to travel across the United States for the first time in the early twentieth century. The book tells the story of the beginnings of nationally televised presidential debates and any number of other changes in the era of broadcasting and now digital platforms for presidential elections in the twenty-first century. It finishes with a look at political dynamics since the November 2020 election and a study of negative partisanship to define how campaigning for the White House works today.
America's New Racial Battle Lines
A sobering portrait of the United States' divided racial politics. For nearly two decades, Rogers M. Smith and Desmond King have charted the shifting racial policy alliances that have shaped American politics across different eras. In America's New Racial Battle Lines, they show that US racial policy debates are undergoing fundamental change. Disputes over colorblind versus race-conscious policies have given way to new lines of conflict. Today's conservatives promise to protect traditionalist, predominantly white, Christian Americans against what they call the "radical" Left. Meanwhile, today's progressives seek not just to integrate American institutions but to more fully transform and "repair" pervasive systemic racism. Drawing on interviews with activists, surveys, social network analyses, and comprehensive reviews of federal, state, and local policies and advocacy groups, Smith and King map the memberships and goals of two rival racial policy alliances and delineate the contrasting stories each side tells. They also show that these increasingly polarized racial policy alliances are substantially funded on both the Left and Right. Placing today's conflicts in theoretical and historical perspectives, Smith and King analyze where these intensifying clashes may take the nation in the years ahead. They highlight the great potential for mounting violence, as well as the remaining possibilities for finding common ground.
Countering Radicalisation and Terrorism
The rise of extremist ideologies and the spread of radicalisation have emerged as critical challenges for governments and societies around the world. The use of violence to achieve political or ideological goals has resulted in tragic consequences, and the threat of terrorism continues to loom large. In response, many countries have developed policies and strategies to counter radicalisation and prevent the spread of extremist ideologies. This book explores the concept of counter-radicalisation and the various approaches taken by governments, civil society organizations, and other actors to address this complex challenge. It examines the underlying causes of radicalisation, the factors that contribute to its spread, and the strategies that have been developed to prevent it. This book will be of interest to policymakers, practitioners, scholars, and students who seek a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities involved in countering radicalisation. The insights and analysis provided in this volume will be invaluable for those involved in developing and implementing effective strategies to prevent the spread of extremist ideologies and promote a more peaceful and secure world.
If We Lose the Earth, We Lose Our Souls
In this book Bruno Latour calls upon Christians to join the struggle to avert a climate catastrophe. First and foremost, Christians need to overcome their lack of interest in "earthly things" and pay attention to the Earth at a time when it is being neglected. He also urges Christians to renew their understanding of their faith in the context of the new image of the world that has emerged from earth system science - that of a world in which the myriad of beings that inhabit the world are interdependent and living in close proximity on a slender, fragile membrane on the surface of the planet. This new image of the world cannot fail to have an impact on the sciences, on politics, and on religion, just as, in earlier centuries, the cosmology of Copernicus and Galileo upset the old order. Latour sees the ecological crisis, and the cosmological mutation that it entails, as an opportunity to convey anew, to the largest possible audience, the tradition of Christianity as it has never been appreciated before, by bringing to bear the lessons of eschatology on the great crisis that looms before us all.
Interest Groups in U.S. Local Politics
Interest group scholarship has so far focused mainly on national politics and has had very little to say about interest groups in American cities, counties, school districts, and special districts. This special issue is a step toward remedying that: it is a collection of articles and essays that examine some of the interest groups that are commonly active in US local politics. The contributions herein discuss real estate developers, tenant organizations, teachers' unions, police unions, and local PACs--covering topics such as how they are organized, how they engage in local politics, some of the constraints on their influence, and the nuanced ways in which ideology and identities can sometimes shape what coalitions are possible in the local context. By bringing this work together in one place, in a journal devoted to research on interest groups, the hope is that this special issue will help to cement "interest groups in local politics" as the recognizable research focus it deserves to be.
Economics and Politics Revisited
What drives government popularity? For decades, scholars, journalists, and political pundits alike have converged on a single answer: the economy. A rising economy lifts the popularity of the government, and if the economy's fortunes turn south, so too does that of the government. This conventional wisdom informs politicians' decisions as well as the scholarly commentary on parties and elections. Yet the conditions that underlie this model have changed in many countries as globalization has shifted control away from national policymakers, as non-economic cultural issues have risen in importance, and as our politics have become more polarized. At the same time, since the Great Recession in 2008 persistent economic volatility has kept the economy on the agenda. What, then, fuels government popularity in our current volatile environment? Are political fortunes tied to economic stability, as in the past? Or has the economy-popularity link-the popularity function-been severed by a host of new and less predictable factors in post-industrial societies? To answer these questions, Economics and Politics Revisited uses data from the Executive Approval Project (EAP), a cross-nationally comparable data on leader popularity, to model the fundamental dynamics of government support in advanced industrial democracies. Eleven country-specific chapters, each written by experts in the politics of the country, examine the role of economic performance in generating leader support in each country. In all cases, chapter authors show that the economy matters for popularity. However, the economy-popularity link is stronger in some countries than others. Further, chapters leverage EAP series to highlight change over time. Pooled analyses extend these findings, highlighting how the public's responses to the economy are reduced when political campaigns shift to non-economic issues and when parties are polarization on non-economic issues. Collectively, the volume highlights how evolving issue agendas are changing the nature of political accountability in advanced industrialized democracies. While the economy remains important, the book calls on students of political accountability to give greater attention to the role of non-economic issues. Comparative Politics is a series for researchers, teachers, and students of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterized by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu http: //www.ecprnet.eu. The series is edited by Nicole Bolleyer, Chair of Comparative Political Science, Geschwister Scholl Institut, LMU Munich and Jonathan Slapin, Professor of Political Institutions and European Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Zurich.
The Economics of Social Protection
The objective of this Element is to provide an analysis of social protection from an economic perspective. It relies on tools and methods widely used in public and insurance economics and comprises four main section besides the introduction. The first section is devoted to the design of social protection programs and their political sustainability. The second section assesses the efficiency and performance of social protection programs, and of the welfare state as a whole. In the third section, the relative merits of social and private insurance are analyzed as well as the design of optimum insurance contract with emphasis on health and pensions. The last section focuses on the implications of asymmetric information that may lead governments to adopt policies that would otherwise be rejected in a perfect information setting.
Cyber Warfare
The emergence of the internet and modern technology has led to an increase in the prevalence of cyber warfare, which is a form of conflict that is carried out in the digital realm. Unlike traditional warfare, cyber warfare does not require physical violence or the use of military hardware. Instead, it relies on the use of digital tools and techniques to disrupt, disable, or destroy an adversary's digital systems. As the use of technology continues to evolve, the threat of cyber warfare is becoming increasingly real and pervasive. In recent years, governments and private organizations have been targeted by cyber attacks, resulting in significant financial losses and damage to reputation. These attacks have also raised questions about the nature of cyber warfare and the rules of engagement that should govern it. This book, "Cyber Warfare-Problems and Controversies," explores the challenges and controversies surrounding cyber warfare. It delves into the technical and strategic aspects of cyber warfare, including the tools and techniques used in attacks, the motives and goals of attackers, and the impact of cyber warfare on individuals, organizations, and societies. The book also examines the legal and ethical issues associated with cyber warfare, including questions about attribution, accountability, and proportionality. It discusses the various international laws and conventions that govern cyber warfare and explores the challenges of enforcing these laws in a rapidly changing technological landscape.
International Public Administrations in Environmental Governance
Combining theoretical and empirical approaches, this book examines the role that international public administrations play in global environmental politics in the Anthropocene. With chapters written by leading experts in the field, this text offers fresh insight into how international bureaucracies shape global policies in the complex areas of climate change, biodiversity, and development policy. International public administrations are thus recognized as partially autonomous actors with their own interests and motivations, assuming the roles of managers, orchestrators, brokers, or attention-seekers. This comprehensive resource provides scholars and practitioners with valuable insight into environmental policymaking and how international public administrations might be transformed to better address the multiple, fundamental challenges of our century. This is one of a series of publications associated with the Earth System Governance Project. For more publications, see www.cambridge.org/earth-system-governance. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Authors, Users, and Pirates
An examination of subjectivity in copyright law, analyzing authors, users, and pirates through a relational framework. In current debates over copyright law, the author, the user, and the pirate are almost always invoked. Some in the creative industries call for more legal protection for authors; activists and academics promote user rights and user-generated content; and online pirates openly challenge the strict enforcement of copyright law. In this book, James Meese offers a new way to think about these three central subjects of copyright law, proposing a relational framework that encompasses all three. Meese views authors, users, and pirates as interconnected subjects, analyzing them as a relational triad. He argues that addressing the relationships among the three subjects will shed light on how the key conceptual underpinnings of copyright law are justified in practice. Meese presents a series of historical and contemporary examples, from nineteenth-century cases of book abridgement to recent controversies over the reuse of Instagram photos. He not only considers the author, user, and pirate in terms of copyright law, but also explores the experiential element of subjectivity--how people understand and construct their own subjectivity in relation to these three subject positions. Meese maps the emergence of the author, user, and pirate over the first two centuries of copyright's existence; describes how regulation and technological limitations turned people from creators to consumers; considers relational authorship; explores practices in sampling, music licensing, and contemporary art; examines provisions in copyright law for user-generated content; and reimagines the pirate as an innovator.
The International Defense of Workers
International trade agreements have often been criticized for limited attention to the rights of workers. The North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC), a side agreement to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), stands out for linking labor rights provisions to a U.S. trade agreement. Kevin J. Middlebrook provides a comprehensive and systematic examination of the NAALC, assessing its efficacy in protecting workers' rights over the entire period it was in effect and demonstrating its broader significance for the role of trade and labor standards in U.S. foreign policy. Placing the NAALC in comparative context, Middlebrook considers various ways of promoting workers' rights and how other U.S. international trade agreements have influenced labor rights abroad. He investigates the origins of the agreement; the political controversies among Canada, Mexico, and the United States over its scope; how the agreement operated in practice; and its longer-term policy legacies. Middlebrook emphasizes the tension between state sovereignty and the international promotion of labor rights in the negotiation and implementation of trade agreements, as well as how labor movements in one partner country can galvanize action in others. Drawing on interviews with high-level officials involved in the trade negotiations and previously unexamined primary sources, The International Defense of Workers is a groundbreaking analysis of the effects of U.S. trade agreements on labor rights.
The Dirty Dozen
THE TRUE STORY OF LONDON'S MOST PROLIFIC ARMED ROBBERY GANG The average bank robbery takes around four minutes. The essential ingredients are ruthlessness, cunning and plenty of bottle. You'll also need a weapon, a disguise and a getaway car. If you have all those things, then you could go to work right now. The Bradish boys had all these things and, boy, did they go to work. The 'Dirty Dozen' were a ruthless federation of criminals who ran the armed robbery game in London for over a decade. When charismatic leader 'Gentleman' Jim Doyle was jailed, the innovative but violent Bradish brothers, Sean and Vincent, stepped up to take the throne. Hardened by a life in London's most lawless corners, they recruited a tight-knit crew to forge a reputation as the brutal kings of their underworld trade. Banks, security vans, post offices, travel agents - anywhere was fair game and nowhere was safe. With endless money at their disposal, the gang spent freely on cars, drugs and decadence. Life was good. But with the Met's tough-as-nails Flying Squad hot on their heels, a member of the inner circle cracked under the pressure and turned grass - and so began the thrilling chase-down of the Bradish boys and their illicit empire. The Dirty Dozen is the real story of the rise and fall of London's most feared crime syndicate.
Challenges to Public Value Creation
"This powerful collection shows that 'public value' has come of age... Its reach has extended far beyond the Anglosphere from which it has emerged. And it provides a prism for strategic thinking about how governments are to deal with the grittiness of the contexts and challenge they currently face. This must-read volume sits at the cutting edge of these important developments." -- Paul't Hart, Professor of Public Administration, Utrecht University, The Netherlands "Challenges to Public Value Creation is a wonderful addition to the growing literature on public value creation." -- John M. Bryson, McKnight Presidential Professor Emeritus, University of Minnesota, USA "The purpose of government is to create public value. While this has become an increasingly accepted refrain in public policy, administration, and management, numerous questions remain about where, when, why, how, and by whom public value is created. With everything from philosophical and conceptual arguments to empirical analyses and cases the contributors to this noteworthy volume.... offer new ideas, reveal important insights, suggest exciting directions for research and practice, and ultimately give more substance and shape to the idea of public value creation." -- Tina Nabatchi, Director, Program for the Advancement of Research on Confl ict & Collaboration, Syracuse University, USA This volume examines fundamental questions about the public value of public decisions. More specifi cally, it seeks to assess whether all public decisions create public value, if it is possible to know what value for the public as a whole a government decision will create, and how government offi cials can justify their decisions in terms of public value. Leading experts bring a diverse array of perspectives on the normative, epistemological, and processual challenges to identifying, describing, measuring, and evaluating the public value claims that public offi cials often articulate in defending their decisions, and the results that citizens often seek. The book will appeal to scholars and students of public policy and public administration. Brian J. Cook is Emeritus Professor of Public Administration and Policy at Virginia Tech, USA.
Radicalization, Terrorism, and Countering Extremism
This book examines the twin phenomena of radicalization and de-radicalization in a global context of political extremism and violent conflict, focusing on the approaches of governments in how they use counterterrorism to respond to radicalization and extremism. By using case studies and comparative analysis, the authors' analysis of both Western and non-Western examples focuses on both theoretical components and practical aspects of the deradicalization process. Subjects covered include the historical context, the contemporary situation, and case studies that illustrate these aspects in different countries and across borders. The conclusions drawn also provide readers with examples of the potential solutions that states have adopted to mitigate the threats and reintegrate extreme militants into society and create a more stable world in which violent conflict is lessened.
Bioethics and Human Rights
This third edition collection provides a contemporary survey of current international issues in bioethics and human rights for study across social science disciplines. New chapters discuss the reproductive justice in the US, immigration politics and medical duty during pandemics, climate change implications for bioethics, acoustic weaponry technologies, and vaccine politics.Following a consideration of theoretical frameworks, there three units on human rights, life and death, and public health form an in-depth look at contemporary issues in the field of bioethics. Each unit includes cutting edge analyses by international experts and thought-provoking case studies, as well as discussion and essay prompts, and Internet and film resources. Topics range from pediatric genomics, abortion (including the Dobbs decision, medical tourism, human experimentation, climate change, the Havana syndrome, the care of aging family members, truth-telling, vulnerable human subjects, health equity, healthcare in ICE detention facilities, solitary confinement, euthanasia, lethal injections and the harvesting of human organs, pandemic ethics, vaccine controversies, and more.The new, updated, and retained chapters make this book an appealing resource as a primary text, scholarly reference book, or a course supplement. Contributors: Robert Baker, Tom L. Beauchamp, Michael Boylan, Marlene Brant Castellano, Cher Weixia Chen, Zenon Culverhouse, Bernard Gert, S繪ren Holm, Ilhan Ilkilic, Akiko Ito, Rita Manning, Kimberly Mutcherson, Peter F. Omonzejele, Pinit Ratanakul, Alison Dundes Renteln, Maya Sabatello, Udo Sch羹klenk, Edward H. Spence, Bradley P. Stoner, Scott Stonington, Peter Tagore Tan, Wanda Teays, Rosemarie Tong, Carlos Verdugo-Serna, Virginia L. Warren, Cecilia (Lim) Wee
Public Sector Accounting, Financial Accountability and Viability in Times of Crisis
This book examines the implications of the Covid-19 pandemic for public-sector accounting and finance. It provides a holistic overview of government initiatives to navigate the pandemic, focusing on how government policies and related spending have affected the budgetary process, the disclosure of information and transparency, as well as the importance of accounting technologies and operating systems in times of crisis. The book shows how government economic interventions have been crucial in counteracting the financial consequences of the global pandemic, and emphasizes the importance of accountability. It will appeal to students and scholars of public policy, public administration and finance, as well as policymakers and public managers responsible for public sector financial and budgetary reporting of public administrations.
The Failure of the Neo-Liberal Approach to Poverty
This book examines the foundation and progress of the Rochester Monroe Anti-Poverty Initiative (RMAPI). Poverty has once again become a major issue in American cities, and nowhere more so than Rochester, which has one of the highest rates of poverty in the nation. RMAPI was established to reduce poverty, yet in the five years since its formation the poverty rate is essentially unchanged. Analyzing the reasons behind its failure, this book argues that the very nature of the organizational framework is part of the problem, and that RMAPI's project is caught up with contradictory imperatives of neo-liberal welfare reforms. More than just a study of local interest, the book uses Rochester as a case study to illuminate the limits of the neo-liberal approach to poverty. It will appeal to all those interested in political science, urban politics, community studies, welfare policy and public administration.
We Can Do Better
We Can Do Better was inspired by the ballooning needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Author, Dee Jomo, takes a fresh look at society to analyze the needs of people and ways we can all contribute to meeting those needs. Dee gives readers various options for helping others. Some are simple and just common sense, while others are more complex or things you may have never thought about. In addition, she addresses some of the issues surrounding marginalize populations as they struggle to navigate life with a focus on sustainable solutions for many people people. This includes showing respect for all people, even those traditionally looked down upon by society because of age, race, economic class, and occupation.
Textbooks on Israel-Palestine
How is the Israel/Palestine question narrated in Western academia? What ideas dominate the key textbooks on the subject and what is presented as 'truth'? This book answers these critical questions. It is widely known that Western support of Israel played a vital role in the realization of Zionist objectives in Palestine. But academic support of Israel in the West has been a neglected issue, with Western academic knowledge being regarded as impartial and objective. This book reveals that this understanding of Western academic knowledge is wrong when it comes to the Israel/Palestine question. Rather, knowledge has been biased, misleading, and dogmatic and Western college students are subscribing to 'factual histories' based on theories at best, if not fiction. The book is the first empirical investigation able to document this partial reporting of history. Seyed Hadi Borhani examines the most popular college-level textbooks used to teach the history of the Israel/Palestine in Western universities, combining 'textbook analysis' (to determine how the dominant academic texts report the question) and a 'context analysis' (to identify who 'manufactures' the dominant knowledge). The book provides a historical map of how the Israel-Palestine conflict is understood in the West. The book can be used as a critique for students and professors to use alongside textbooks and is a vital and much-needed intervention into the state of affairs in Western academia.
Policing and Boundaries in a Violent Society
This book explores how social and territorial boundaries have influenced the approaches and practices of the South Africa Police Service (SAPS).
Routledge Handbook of Public Policy in Africa
This handbook provides an authoritative and foundational disciplinary overview of African Public Policy and a comprehensive examination of the practicalities of policy analysis, policymaking processes, implementation and administration in Africa today.
Politics and Society Between Elections
This book studies patterns in public opinion on politics and society between elections in India. By using the survey data covering 24 Indian states including the National Capital Region of Delhi (NCR), it will serve as State barometers of public opinion.
Europe and the Occupation of Palestinian Territories Since 1967
Focusing on key countries and topics, this book looks at Europe's involvement in the occupation of Palestinian territories.
Home, Belonging and Memory in Migration
This volume explores ideas of home, belonging and memory in migration. It discusses migrant subjectivities and belonging in migration; sociability and wellbeing of migrants; bondage and seasonal migration; women and migration; and, migration, the folk, gender, and religion to analyse the social and cultural dynamics of migration in India.
