Voters' Perceptions of Party Brands
In order to cast a satisfying vote, understand politics, or otherwise participate in political discourse or processes, voters must have some idea of what policies parties are pursuing and, more generally, 'who goes with whom.' This Element aims to both advance the study of how voters formulate and update their perceptions of party brands and persuade our colleagues to join us in studying these processes. To make this endeavor more enticing, but no less rigorous, the authors make three contributions to this emerging field of study: presenting a framework for building and interrogating theoretical arguments, aggregating a large, comprehensive data archive, and recommending a parsimonious strategy for statistical analysis. In the process, they provide a definition for voters' perceptions of party brands and an analytical schema to study them, attempt to contextualize and rationalize some competing findings in the existing literature, and derive and test several new hypotheses.
The Podcaster Posse
In the corrupt corridors of Dolton, Illinois, one woman's greed and narcissism spiraled into a four-year reign of terror that would captivate the nation. Tiffany "Supermayor" Henyard wielded unprecedented power as both mayor and township supervisor, earning nearly $300,000 annually while her community crumbled under debt and dysfunction. But this isn't just another political corruption story. This is the tale of how ordinary citizens armed with smartphones and YouTube channels became the watchdogs that traditional media failed to be. Meet the "Podcaster Posse" - independent content creators like "Cooking with Frank," "Hannibal Is Hungry," and "Just Doing Nails" who used wit, persistence, and social media savvy to expose Henyard's alleged crimes to a worldwide audience. From Las Vegas junkets funded by taxpayers to public brawls in government meetings, from sexual assault cover-ups to million-dollar ice rinks named after her daughter, Henyard's story reads like fiction but delivers the devastating truth about unchecked power in America's heartland. When FBI investigations stalled and state officials turned a blind eye, these digital detectives kept digging, broadcasting, and building the pressure that ultimately brought down one of America's most brazen political criminals. "The Podcaster Posse" reveals how grassroots journalism in the internet age can succeed where traditional institutions fail, offering both a cautionary tale about political corruption and an inspiring example of citizen activism in action.
Voters' Perceptions of Party Brands
In order to cast a satisfying vote, understand politics, or otherwise participate in political discourse or processes, voters must have some idea of what policies parties are pursuing and, more generally, 'who goes with whom.' This Element aims to both advance the study of how voters formulate and update their perceptions of party brands and persuade our colleagues to join us in studying these processes. To make this endeavor more enticing, but no less rigorous, the authors make three contributions to this emerging field of study: presenting a framework for building and interrogating theoretical arguments, aggregating a large, comprehensive data archive, and recommending a parsimonious strategy for statistical analysis. In the process, they provide a definition for voters' perceptions of party brands and an analytical schema to study them, attempt to contextualize and rationalize some competing findings in the existing literature, and derive and test several new hypotheses.
Land, Labour, and Agrarian Change in Nepal's Tarai-Madhesh
This book offers a historically grounded and multi-scalar analysis of agrarian change in Nepal's far-eastern Tarai. It shows how this region has since the 1700s evolved from a forested frontier home to relatively autonomous Adivasi (indigenous) cultivators, to a feudal economy grounded in landlord-tenant relations, which has persisted alongside a rapidly expanding industrial and commercial sector. The book explores the changing land ownership patterns and distribution of surplus, the flow of labour between agriculture and industry, and more complex interactions with global capitalism. The book thus offers unique insights into both the reproduction and transformations of class, ethnic and labour relations in Nepal during a period of rapid political transformation.
Gold in India
India is developing as a global gold powerhouse, yet this intricate web of trade remains largely overlooked by scholars. This book delves into the socio-economic significance of gold in India and studies its enormous cultural currency. Drawing on insights from economic sociology, political economy, and history, it combines comprehensive fieldwork with archival research to explore gold economy- covering imports, refining, trade, craft and mechanized production, retail and re-export. Through a multidisciplinary study, it connects a reconnaissance of the roles of gold in familial and gendered wealth with a range of key issues in political economy. It shows how exploring the quiddity of gold offers a perfect plot to deepen our understanding of the socially regulated Indian economy.
Globalizing Eastern Europe
For far too long, views of Eastern Europe as a negligible and peripheral region have shaped popular perceptions of this part of the world. Presenting new research, Globalizing Eastern Europe: Politics, Culture and Economics from the 18th to the 21st Century offers refreshing arguments to counter such misconceptions. Global politics and international law have been profoundly shaped by the experiences and expertise that emanated from this region. Migration to and from Eastern Europe, has fostered deep ties with neighbouring and distant societies, as have this area's literature and music. The importance of its agricultural development has reverberated in the global economy. This volume recasts Eastern Europe as a global region. It shows how people from this part of the world shaped the 'global', and how in turn, the 'global' shaped them. Authors from a range of disciplines, chart century-long traditions of entanglements and contemporary interactions. In doing so, this book further enriches the perennial debates regarding this region's spatial boundaries.
Mapping, Connectivity, and the Making of European Empires
This volume seeks to collectively explore how maps can be used to understand the making of European empires, how the epistemological practices embedded in them can be approached to understand European imperial space-making, and how maps can be seen as representations of imaginaries of connectivity. Rehearsing mapping's past and its multifarious relations with European imperial orders is not merely an historical exercise to contribute to a global history of cartography. What binds the several interventions is rather an awareness that looking at a particular moment of the past with composite methodologies and interdisciplinary gazes may harbour potential discoveries on the context-embedded relations between mapping, connectivity, and European empire to which we are not yet attuned. By exploring the imaginaries of the world in the mapping of Western modern empires, the book also links to the burgeoning literature on the history of international relations and empire. The emphasis on empires serves here as an important corrigendum for IR's state centrism and Eurocentrism and contributes to further erode the myth of Westphalia.
On Liberalism
A much-needed defense of liberalism--what it is, why it is under threat, and why we need it more than ever--from one of our most important political thinkers today. More than at any time since World War II, liberalism is under pressure, even siege. On the right, some have given up on liberalism. They hold it responsible for the collapse of the family and traditional values, rampant criminality, disrespect for authority, and widespread immorality. On the left, some are turning their backs on liberalism. They think that it lacks the resources to handle the problems posed by entrenched inequalities, racism, sexism, corporate power, and environmental degradation. But those opposed to liberalism do not depict it accurately; they offer a caricature, and they neglect its history. In On Liberalism, former advisor to Presidents Obama and Biden and New York Times-bestselling author Cass Sunstein offers a timely and clear understanding of liberalism--of its core commitments, of its breadth, of its internal debates, of its evolving character, of its promise--and why we need it more than ever. He also shows how and why liberalism has been, and should be, appealing to both the left and the right. The book begins with a manifesto on behalf of liberalism, and then goes on to explore the central idea of "experiments of living," to which a liberal constitutional order gives pride of place. From there, it discusses John Stuart Mill and Friedrich Hayek, defining liberal thinkers; the rule of law as liberals understand it; freedom of speech (including the place of lies and falsehoods within that freedom); free markets, economic liberty, and regulation; Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Second Bill of Rights, with its social and economic guarantees; and finally, the concept of opportunity. Never more urgently needed, On Liberalism moves the conversation well beyond the reductive and inflammatory political sound bites of our moment and advances a compelling argument on behalf of liberalism as the foundation of freedom and self-government.
Libertarianism
Libertarianism: The Basics is an up to date and accessible introduction to libertarianism, that breaks down abstract philosophical ideas in a fresh way.Flanigan and Freiman interweave a wide-ranging survey of different libertarian philosophical traditions, with a discussion of libertarian perspectives on various applied topics of contemporary interest. Chapters introduce readers to the major theoretical debates in libertarianism, illustrating these debates through real world policy case studies that draw on contemporary issues concerning criminal justice reform, immigration policy, national security, and the environment, and more.Ideal for teaching and appropriate for students at all levels, including high school, Libertarianism: The Basics will be the go-to text for anyone who is interested in learning more about political philosophy, applied ethics, philosophy, politics, and economics, and public policy. The authors present arguments and ideas through a series of historical and contemporary cases, making the book suitable for all readers who want to learn about cutting-edge libertarian views on matters in both political philosophy and public policy.
Trump Proverbs
It presents President Donald J. Trump as a person or vessel chosen by God alone for United States of America. I have taken the liberty to present his level of thinking, as amazing and wonderful and prominent. President Donald J. Trump has been taken through the Fire of life and nobody care about him, people in general and media had a complete Hatred for him and wanted him to lose and be put away in prison to root. But, he came forth as a Knight in Shining Armor! His God protected him and guided him to win the Election and made him President for the second time. And all of his enemies were amazed. The words in this book, are Proverbial and Historical of American history and many topics were covered, as though i was side by side with President Donald J. Trump and he agreeing with me as I wrote in his behalf. He is the Greatest Man on earth and the Greatest President ever lived.
Contemporary China Review （2025 Spring / Summer Issue），Volume 7
Quality of Democracy at Regional Level in the V4 Countries
The General Will in the Modern Constitutional State
In The General Will in the Modern Constitutional State, Joseph R. Reisert challenges standard interpretations of Rousseau, according to which his political theory either has nothing to offer the present but a radical critique or commends an illiberal, plebiscitary democracy. Reisert argues that the principles of political right Rousseau sets forth in The Social Contract are correct and that the political institutions of modern constitutional and democratic states substantially satisfy them. Rousseau's central normative commitments -- to popular sovereignty, constitutional law, representative government, the rule of law, periodic elections, universal suffrage, and equal basic rights for all -- correspond closely to our contemporary understanding of what political legitimacy requires. Taking seriously Rousseau's claim that a sort of contract lies at the foundation of every political society, Reisert offers a novel interpretation of willing a general will, arguing that the experience of formulating and acting upon a general will is as common as are the experiences of membership in a civic association and of undertaking any collective activity as a member of such an organization. Reisert expertly demonstrates that, when we recognize that a nation's true constitution is the content of the people's general will, we will be able to see how our political institutions (mostly) satisfy Rousseau's normative principles of political right, and we will also discover new perspectives on constitutional politics and constitutional interpretation.The General Will in the Modern Constitutional State will be of interest to those who study Rousseau's political thought, history of political thought, constitutionalism, and constitutional theory.
Postcoloniality and Statehood
This book traces the evolution of the postcolonial state and the social contract in Egypt. It problematises two of the most ubiquitous and contentious terms: democratisation and development, within the context of Egypt and the larger Global South. It also subverts western-centric ideas of global politics to examine why certain aspects of Egypt's history and policies have received more attention than others.This volume presents a study of state-society relations, the shift to Infitah, the impact of neoliberalisation from 1970 to 2011, and social responses to it. It argues that the Arab Uprisings of 2011 were not isolated events, but a result of a longue dur矇e political- economic history. Through the prism of postcoloniality, it shows how citizenship is constantly renegotiated in view of the ongoing neoliberalisation, and the impact of such social transformations on the nature of the postcolonial state. It juxtaposes the role of the state and society against global political and economic landscapes to address the larger question: what is the nature of the postcolonial state? This book will be of interest to a wide array of scholars and researchers from politics and international relations, sociology and social anthropology, social theory, postcolonialism and Global South studies.
Political and Incorrect
Tavleen Singh began writing her weekly column in The Indian Express in 1987. It was history as First draft, written not in hindsight but as events unfolded. The column captured the country's mood every week. Debating the latest development with a reporter's eye and a columnist's insistence, Singh called out various political dispensations on their ill-conceived schemes and often too their scheming. Between 1987 and 2007, much as India changed, it also remained the same. The persistence of malnutrition, the systemic slackness in primary education, unsafe water and insufficient health care - Singh stayed with these matters even as they went out of fashion when liberalized, urbanizing India made rapid strides. In Political and Incorrect, Tavleen Singh brings the politician and the bureaucrat to the page with the same mix of wise, wry scrutiny as the terrible options they foist on India's poorest people. The shambles of infrastructure are described with the same vigour as a raucous political rally. Through Singh's clear lens, the aloof, arrogant leader is as familiar as the man next door, and the issues at stake accessible and clear. This expansive compendium captures neatly twenty years of India as they unfolded.
Ayodhya
22 December 1949: A conspiracy that began with the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi culminated in the execution of the Ayodhya strategy. Late that night, a little-known sadhu, Abhiram Das, and his followers entered the Babri Masjid and planted an idol of Rama inside it. While it is known that the Hindu Mahasabha had a role in placing the idol in the mosque, the larger plot and the chain of events that led to that act have never been subject to rigorous scrutiny. Krishna Jha and Dhirendra K. Jha bring together the disparate threads of the buried narrative for the first time. Ayodhya: The Dark Night uncovers, in vivid detail, what really transpired on the fateful night that was to leave a permanent scar on the Indian polity.
An India For Everyone- A Path to Inclusive Development
India is the world's third largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity. For a country that had become mired in a mindset of being an almost-ran, it is quite an achievement. Alongside, however, are some startling statistics. It has, for instance, the largest number of poor people in a single country - an estimated 300 million below the poverty line. Literacy remains at an appalling low, with 273 million illiterates in 2011, making it the country with the largest illiterate population on earth. On the health front too, India is home to 40 per cent of the world's undernourished children. One-fourth of the world's childbirth deaths and one-fifth of its infant deaths take place in India. In An India for Everyone: A Guide to Inclusive Development, Amarjeet Sinha, an education expert who has played a major role in designing the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and the National Rural Health Mission, offers a companion dream to the economic one. An India that has truly been able to provide a decent sustenance to its billion plus people. He examines key issues of under-nutrition, health care, education and social security. Crucial to providing these is reforming the public recruitment system, decentralizing authority and increasing accountability among government servants, which will help bring about better public systems in the country. Going beyond politics and economic reforms, this book addresses the issues that truly form the bedrock of where we want to be.
The Republic of My Dreams
The story of Seva Mandir started in the erstwhile royal state of Mewar, Rajasthan. A promising aristocrat, Dr Mohan Singh Mehta, had to deal with the tragic death of his young wife at the age of thirty. Unable to move on, he met a farmer who told him, 'You are a man who can help us poor people.' Thus the seeds of this inspiring NGO were sown. This book is a commemoration of fifty years of Seva Mandir, a brave experiment to create a sense of ethical action within every individual in order to create a healthy society. In this, some of the people whose lives the organization has touched - villagers, volunteers, donors and administrators - tell us their story and how their lives have changed because of it. The Republic of My Dreams is a tribute to the triumph of the human spirit.
The Virtual Hindu Rashtra
From websites devoted to battling a 'Left-liberal' media ecosystem to the formidable internet army of Hindu Right volunteers, from online narratives of Hindu valour to Narendra Modi's impeccably-managed social media presence, new media is an integral part of present-day Hindu nationalism.The Virtual Hindu Rashtra examines the relationship of Hindu nationalism and new media across a range of internet spaces, including Twitter trends in support of the Bharatiya Janata Party's government policies, Facebook pages dedicated to the cultural project of establishing a Hindu state, and WhatsApp groups circulating jokes about Modi's critics. Situating online Hindu nationalism in a historical context, this book analyses the movement with respect to national and global political trends, such as the rise of authoritarian political personalities worldwide and the phenomenon of fake news. The book concludes with a reflection on the implications of the relationship of Hindu nationalism and new media for democracy in India.
Highway 39
In Highway 39: Journeys through a Fractured Land, Sudeep Chakravarti attempts to unravel the brutal history of Nagaland and Manipur, their violent and restive present, and their uncertain and yet desperately hopeful future, as he travels along Dimapur, Kohima, Senapati, Imphal, Thoubal, and their hinterlands-all touch points of brutalized aspiration, identity, conflict and tragedy. These are the lands that nurture deadly acronyms-like AFSPA, an act of Parliament that with impunity hurts and kills citizens. Lands where militants not only battle the Indian government but also each other in a frenzy of ego, politics and survival, and enforce 'parallel' administrations. Sudeep Chakravarti's journey introduces the reader to stories that chill, anger and offer uneasy reflection. A fourteen-year-old Naga girl who dies resisting a soldier's attempt to rape her-and is now an icon. An eleven-year-old girl abducted by police in Manipur because they want to trap her parents. A faked encounter in Imphal that kills a former rebel, and also an innocent lady and her unborn child. A family in Kohima still trying to come to terms with the death of their youngest child in a mortar attack. Chakravarti also interacts with security and military officials, senior bureaucrats, top rebel leaders, and human rights and social activists, to paint a terrifying picture of a society and a people brought repeatedly to breakdown through years of political conceit and deceit, and stress and conflict. In prose suffused with a rare understanding of the region and its people, and with remarkable insight into its convoluted politics, Highway 39 brings into focus a region long neglected and often forgotten by Mainland India, a region surrounded by nations historically inimical to India-and yet, which offer a dream gateway to the markets of East Asia. A region India can continue to ignore only at the peril of the very idea of India.
Miracle Of Democracy
A first-hand account of the working of Indian democracy, this book is the result of years of experience at the helm of electoral affairs in India. The author takes us through the ups and downs of a distinguished career, which culminated in his posting to the Election Commission in 2000. It is here that he comes into his own: with honesty and a deep understanding of the way people and governments work, he shares with us his assessment of the parliamentary system in India, its strengths and weaknesses.The book traces the history of Indian democracy, from the very first general elections of 1952 to the present era of coalition politics. Using examples from other international systems of governance, Krishna Murthy examines the flaws as well as the amazing resilience of the political system in India, ultimately reinforcing the belief that the road to India's development is definitely through the ballot box.
The Political Imagination
Through the last five decades, Nayantara Sahgal has constantly responded to the changes that enveloped India and the world through her wide-ranging works of fiction and non-fiction. This book collects her writings and lectures on subjects ranging from literature and the arts to international relations and imperialism, written through some of Indias most turbulent phases- Independence, the Emergency, globalization, terrorism. Her astute social commentary is laced with personal wisdom that comes from first-hand knowledge of Indian politics and diplomacy. Known for her refusal to compromise with attempts to subvert modern India's democratic and multicultural tradition, Sahgal has watched some of Indias most historic moments unfold in her own backyard and has always appraised the situation with a critical eye and analytical acumen. The Political Imagination draws from Sahgals rich body of work and includes letters and commendations written to her that have never been published before. Combining public history with personal reflections, Sahgal reveals the politics of her own imagination in this collection of her most culturally insightful and socially conscious writings.
Reimagining Pakistan
Salman Rushdie once described Pakistan as a 'poorly imagined country'. Indeed, Pakistan has meant different things to different people since its birth seventy years ago. Armed with nuclear weapons and dominated by the military and militants, it is variously described around the world as 'dangerous', 'unstable', 'a terrorist incubator' and 'the land of the intolerant'. Much of Pakistan's dysfunction is attributable to an ideology tied to religion and to hostility with the country out of which it was carved out -- India. But 95 per cent of Pakistan's 210 million people were born after Partition, as Pakistanis, and cannot easily give up on their home. In his new book, Husain Haqqani, one of the most important commentators on Pakistan in the world today, calls for a bold re-conceptualization of the country. Reimagining Pakistan offers a candid discussion of Pakistan's origins and its current failings, with suggestions for reconsidering its ideology, and identifies a national purpose greater than the rivalry with India.
Traces of Terrorism, II
In this second volume of Traces of Terrorism, the focus is on Jihadist organizations such as al-Qaeda and Islamic State. The volume begins with 9/11, al-Qaeda's attacks on the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon in Washington. The Global War on Terrorism that followed in response is described in detail, as is the hunt for Osama bin Laden and his killing by US Navy SEALS. It also covers terrorist organizations operating in Africa and Asia, as well as so-called franchise groups, radicalized sympathizers who carried out attacks in the name of al-Qaeda. The book concludes with terrorism in the US in recent years and the growing threat of domestic
Laura Bush
A complete, nuanced study of Laura Bush's work as first lady, which blended the traditional feminine expectations of the role with the political agenda and global advocacy of the modern office. Jill Abraham Hummer, a leading expert on first ladies, adds to the highly acclaimed Modern First Ladies series.Born in Midland, Texas, Laura Lane Welch was reared in the mold of the traditional Southern woman, with its expectations of decorum and propriety. Raised with a love of books, she graduated from Southern Methodist University with a degree in education. Her life veered from the traditional path when, as a young woman, she taught elementary school in Texas during the process of desegregation, earned a master's degree in library science from the University of Texas, and worked as a community and school librarian. In 1977, at age thirty-one, she married George W. Bush and entered his family's world of politics. As a political wife, Laura brought her values and her concern for literacy and learning to the Texas Governor's Mansion and the White House--and to the world stage.In the latest contribution to the Modern First Ladies series, Jill Abraham Hummer provides a complete and balanced assessment of Laura Bush's work as first lady. Laura Bush's legacy has been the source of debate. Some have portrayed her as a staid, complacent, perfect wife, lacking a will and agenda of her own. Others argue she was a brave and fierce advocate, using her platform in unprecedented ways to champion her own priorities. In this book, Hummer explores how Laura Bush artfully fused the modern and traditional elements of the position, broadening her appeal and upending expectations of what first ladies can do.By chronicling Bush's activities as first lady in real time, Hummer shows how Bush grew from a reticent political wife with a limited portfolio into a global advocate in her own right. Laura Bush's time as first lady was not one-dimensional or static, and her growth was not necessarily linear. Hummer further argues that Laura Bush can best be understood as an emissary for George W. Bush's compassionate conservative policy agenda and efforts to spread freedom and democracy around the globe. Laura Bush's work was not inconsistent with her husband's efforts, but she also emerged as an independent advocate on several issues. In this regard, she modeled the modern interpretation of the first lady's role.Hummer also chronicles Laura Bush's style and innovations in social entertaining, restoring and redecorating the White House, and promoting American arts and culture. In these respects, Laura Bush simultaneously advanced the first lady's traditional responsibilities and sought to bring dignity to the White House.
Generations and Nationalism
Generations and Nationalism breaks new ground by placing the impact of generation and generational changes at the forefront of an investigation on the transformation of nationalist movements and the evolution of support for independence in Catalonia, Quebec and Scotland.The main objective of the book is to explore how a focus on generations and generational change can add, first, to the theoretical toolkit used in the study of nationalism and, second, can lead to a better understanding of the recent evolution of nationalism in three internal nations: Catalonia, Quebec and Scotland. The book is also an occasion to revisit the distinct evolution of nationalism in these three internal nations that have been the object of important comparative studies in the past and frequent comparisons in public discourses, but which nationalist movements has gone through relatively distinct transformations over the past decade. The different chapters tackle nationbuilding, autonomy and self-determination; ethnic identity, conflict and accommodation; ethnonationalism, irredentism and separatism; and Immigration, naturalization and citizenship. The book also is unique to the extent that it establishes a dialogue between scholars who are specialists of public opinion drawing on quantitative methods and scholars drawing on different comparative historical perspectives in sociology and political science.Containing both theoretical discussions of nationalism as well as case studies and comparative analyses of nationalist movements, Generations and Nationalism will be of great interest to students and scholars researching nationalism, public opinion, youth politics, political theory, and quantitative and historical methods.
Spaces of Europeanisation in the Balkans
This book tackles the spatial dimension of Europeanization in the Balkans, by focusing on cities, inter-urban networks, and urban epistemic communities. Exploring the participation of urban actors in inter-urban networks, it employs a new mixed-method framework to track the circulation of European urban knowledge and policies, and their impact in the Balkans. The author explores discourses, practices, and their interpretation, to show how participation in European urban networks continuously reshapes Balkan Cities urban trajectories with contradictory and variegated consequences. Analysis of 18 European inter-urban networks along with expert interviews with their members, helps readers visualize the relationships between Balkans cities and gives insight into their perceptions. This book will be of interest to both scholars of urban studies and Southeast European Studies scholars, as well as anyone interested in the Europeanization of the Balkans and its cities.
The Militarisation of British Democracy
This book argues that the pursuit of war and the further militarisation of British democracy since 9/11 has led the UK into a permanent state of war and made the nation particularly prone to military aggression rather than managing conflict through negotiation. Within NATO, Britain is among the most belligerent nations ratcheting up military expenditure and the use of violence to manage conflict. The militarisation of British (and Western) states and authoritarian values have been manufactured to provide domestic support for permanent war. Failure in Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Syria, Ukraine and the Middle East has not reduced confidence in the use of military aggression as NATO seeks confrontation in a 'New Cold War' between 'democracy' and 'authoritarian' Russia and China. Paradoxically, Britain and the West's militarisation proposes to destroy democracy in order to save it, and to provide authoritarian states with the excuse to become more authoritarian.
Contemporary Islamist Opposition in Morocco
This book offers an in-depth and yet-unexplored analysis of the evolution and actions of Moroccan Islamist association Justice and Spirituality (al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane). By examining its mobilisation structure, the book enhances the understanding of Islamism as an oppositional force in non-democratic regimes, with a particular focus on Morocco. Contrary to the common premises of inclusion-moderation theory, al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane has undergone a politicisation process but rejects political inclusion; it promotes street mobilisation but refuses to resort to violence. Despite its illegal status and disregard for the regime's red lines, al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane remains highly relevant as an anti-establishment actor. This book fills a significant gap in knowledge about al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane. It further broadens the understanding of inclusion-moderation theory by introducing novel explanatory factors for al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane's evolution and strategies, such as responses to shifts in opportunity structures and the impact of internal dynamics and learning mechanisms.
European Union Enlargement and Democratisation
Enlargement is often considered to be the strongest foreign policy tool available to the European Union, and is instrumental in the EU's efforts to spread its liberal democratic norms in the post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. However, the experience of recent years has painted a more uneven picture. While the EU's norms have proven to be reasonably robust in countries such as Czechia, in others, most notably Hungary, they have proven to be far more fragile. What accounts for this post-accession variation in adherence to liberal democratic norms between the post-communist Central and Eastern European Countries? And what implications does this have for the use of enlargement policy as a means for spreading democracy? This book explains the processes and mechanisms which determine how the liberal democratic norms of the European Union can be transferred to another country; and why enlargement has had such mixed results to date.
The Rise of Inequality and the Fall of Social Mobility
This book examines the disappearance of upward mobility and the rise of inequality within Western societies. It explores intergenerational social mobility and charts its evolution over recent decades. Particular attention is given to the economic changes that have impacted social mobility trends since the introduction of neoliberal doctrine by the Reagan and Thatcher governments. The promises of meritocracy and increased opportunity through education are shown to be false during a time when trickle-down economics - namely, deregulation and austerity in public policies - is driving a rise in inequality, with the benefits of economic growth being collected by the wealthy elite. By highlighting the negative impacts of these economic trends, including the increase in poorly paid and insecure jobs, a new set of public policies are presented that better utilise the skills present within the labour market to create economic equity.This book challenges the neoliberal consensus and sets out economic reforms for a fair society. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the political economy, economic systems, and labor economics.The English translation of this book, originally in Italian, was done with the help of artificial intelligence. The content was later revised by the author for accuracy.
The Routledge Handbook on Radicalisation and Countering Radicalisation
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