Torture
Drawing on insights from political science, criminology, and sociology, Torture: An Interdisciplinary Approach investigates the nature and evolution of torture. By surveying the use of torture across time and space, this book considers the development of an international human rights discourse challenging the legitimacy of torture as an instrument of interrogation. Kathleen Barrett, George Klay Kieh, Jr., Gavin M. Lee, and Neema Noori critically assess the effectiveness of legal regimes, both national and international, that arose as a result of this discourse and the emergent global movement to ban the use of torture. In addition to grappling with colonial legacies of torture and the particular ways that great powers, whether liberal or illiberal, deploy these coercive practices, this book argues that torture continues to serve as a repressive practice that mediates the relationship between the state and its citizens in many countries within the global south. The authors demonstrate that as governments move away from one set of perceived atrocities, they develop new methods of torture and establish novel strategies for justifying these coercive practices.
Transnational Repression in the Age of Globalisation
Bringing together leading scholars, this volume is the first of its kind to address the growing global phenomenon of transnational repression in a comparative perspective. Authoritarian regimes in places like China, Russia and Saudi Arabia are infamous for cracking down on domestic opposition movements and democracy activists at home. And, in our age of globalisation, migration and technological development, dictators are increasingly able to extend their authoritarian power over their critics abroad. Using tactics that include surveillance, coercion, harassment and physical violence, transnational repression threatens the lives of democracy defenders, the basic rights of diaspora members and the rule of law in host states.
The Planning Moment
Empires and their aftermaths were massive planning institutions; in the past two hundred years, the natural and social sciences emerged--at least in part--as modes of knowledge production for imperial planning. Yet these connections are frequently under-emphasized in the history of science and its corollary fields. The Planning Moment explores the myriad ways plans and planning practices pervade recent global history. The book is built around twenty-seven brief case studies that explore the centrality of planning in colonial and postcolonial environments, relationships, and contexts, through a range of disciplines: the history of science, science and technology studies, colonial and postcolonial studies, urban studies, and the history of knowledge. If colonialism made certain landscapes, populations, and institutions legible while obscuring others, The Planning Moment reveals the frequently disruptive and violent processes of erasure in imperial planning by examining how "common sense" was produced and how the intransigence of planning persists long after decolonization. In recognizing the resistance and subversion that often met colonial plans, the book makes visible a range of strategies and techniques by which planning was modified and reappropriated, and by which decolonial futures might be imagined. Contributors: Itty Abraham, Benjamin Allen, Sarah Blacker, Emily Brownell, Lino Camprub穩, John DiMoia, Mona Fawaz, Lilly Irani, Chihyung Jeon, Robert Kett, Monika Kirloskar-Steinbach, Karen McAllister, Laura Mitchell, Gregg Mitman, Aaron Moore (+), Nada Moumtaz, Tahani Nadim, Anindita Nag, Ra繳l Necochea L籀pez, Tamar Novick, Benjamin Peters, Juno Salazar Parre簽as, Martina Schl羹nder, Sarah Van Beurden, Helen Verran, Ana Carolina Vimieiro Gomes, Alexandra Widmer, and Alden Young
Children of a Modest Star
A clear-eyed and urgent vision for a new system of political governance to manage planetary issues and their local consequences. Deadly viruses, climate-changing carbon molecules, and harmful pollutants cross the globe unimpeded by national borders. While the consequences of these flows range across scales, from the planetary to the local, the authority and resources to manage them are concentrated mainly at one level: the nation-state. This profound mismatch between the scale of planetary challenges and the institutions tasked with governing them is leading to cascading systemic failures. In the groundbreaking Children of a Modest Star, Jonathan S. Blake and Nils Gilman not only challenge dominant ways of thinking about humanity's relationship to the planet and the political forms that presently govern it, but also present a new, innovative framework that corresponds to our inherently planetary condition. Drawing on intellectual history, political philosophy, and the holistic findings of Earth system science, Blake and Gilman argue that it is essential to reimagine our governing institutions in light of the fact that we can only thrive if the multi-species ecosystems we inhabit are also flourishing. Aware of the interlocking challenges we face, it is no longer adequate merely to critique our existing systems or the modernist assumptions that helped create them. Blake and Gilman propose a bold, original architecture for global governance--what they call planetary subsidiarity--designed to enable the enduring habitability of the Earth for humans and non-humans alike. Children of a Modest Star offers a clear-eyed and urgent vision for constructing a system capable of stabilizing a planet in crisis.
Changing New York City Politics
First published in 1991, Changing New York City Politics provides an important grounding for understanding where New York City politics is likely to go in the coming two years.Three decades after New York City's first Black mayor was elected and then defeated after only one term, the city's second Black mayor is facing challenges that in many ways are similar to those of his predecessor, yet different in others. Like David Dinkins, Mayor Eric Adams faces worries about crime and public disorder, recovery from an economic downturn, and criticism over his managerial style. It may be a quite different city today in terms of the makeup of its electorate - less white, more diverse, but certainly no more Black - and Adams may have a closer connection to the Police Department than Dinkins could manage - but the challenges of constructing a multi-racial electoral and governing coalition in the face of skepticism from white voters remains.This book will be of interest to students and researchers of political science, American history, and comparative politics.
Me, the Superhero Indian Citizen!
This Comic Book, a joint initiative of Aagam with the Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra is meant primarily for Young Adults and seeks to inculcate a sense of Understanding and Pride in the Vote. We have opted for a Comic Book presentation simply to make the content attractive, readable and easy to understand. All proceeds from the Book will go to Aagam and, be used for promoting the cause of Youth Empowerment.
The Planning Moment
Empires and their aftermaths were massive planning institutions; in the past two hundred years, the natural and social sciences emerged--at least in part--as modes of knowledge production for imperial planning. Yet these connections are frequently under-emphasized in the history of science and its corollary fields. The Planning Moment explores the myriad ways plans and planning practices pervade recent global history. The book is built around twenty-seven brief case studies that explore the centrality of planning in colonial and postcolonial environments, relationships, and contexts, through a range of disciplines: the history of science, science and technology studies, colonial and postcolonial studies, urban studies, and the history of knowledge. If colonialism made certain landscapes, populations, and institutions legible while obscuring others, The Planning Moment reveals the frequently disruptive and violent processes of erasure in imperial planning by examining how "common sense" was produced and how the intransigence of planning persists long after decolonization. In recognizing the resistance and subversion that often met colonial plans, the book makes visible a range of strategies and techniques by which planning was modified and reappropriated, and by which decolonial futures might be imagined. Contributors: Itty Abraham, Benjamin Allen, Sarah Blacker, Emily Brownell, Lino Camprub穩, John DiMoia, Mona Fawaz, Lilly Irani, Chihyung Jeon, Robert Kett, Monika Kirloskar-Steinbach, Karen McAllister, Laura Mitchell, Gregg Mitman, Aaron Moore (+), Nada Moumtaz, Tahani Nadim, Anindita Nag, Ra繳l Necochea L籀pez, Tamar Novick, Benjamin Peters, Juno Salazar Parre簽as, Martina Schl羹nder, Sarah Van Beurden, Helen Verran, Ana Carolina Vimieiro Gomes, Alexandra Widmer, and Alden Young
The Multi-Layered Governance of Migration in Italy
This book examines the various ways in which policymakers and political actors across different governmental levels have responded to the recent European refugee 'crisis', and the effects of these responses. Whereas previous studies have often focused on the discourses and policies implemented by national and local governments, this book shifts the focus to knowledge-formation and decision-making processes. Drawing on evidence from Italy - a country that has been centrally affected by the refugee 'crisis' - the book examines policy processes regarding asylum-seeking migration at sub-national, national and EU level. It argues that policymakers at all levels of government can be influenced by perceptions of public attitudes towards immigration, and that these perceptions are often divorced from objective evidence. The book will appeal to all those interested in multilevel governance, migration studies, public policy, and European politics.
Right to Life
When most people hear the term "right to life", it is often associated with political groups that have monopolized the term to fit harmful agendas aimed at stripping specific rights away from women. However, when thinking of this term in the context of current events within the United States (and within a global context), it is evident that the right to life is not extended to all people, especially those from marginalized communities. Being mindful of this, we want to take that term and put it back into the hands of those whose lives are often at risk on both the public and political scale.In our latest anthology, Right to Life, we want to provide a platform for people to use their voice for both justice and education. In this anthology, you will read stories about what it's like to live in someone else's body; what it's like to be someone in a society that often labels them as "other"; what it's like to have to fight for the right to live in the same safety and comfort that should be granted to all, but is held by few.
We Need People Power to Address a World in Peril
In a world facing convergent crises-where authoritarianism spreads, climate change accelerates, and violent conflict surges-an urgent call echoes through these pages. Drawing insights from research and practice, this volume reveals the indispensable role of popular nonviolent movements-using tactics such as strikes, boycotts, protest, and other acts of noncooperation-to counter these crises. It further offers guidance on how institutional allies can better align with these movements to drive change.
Inside the Invisible Cage
In a world increasingly run by algorithms and artificial intelligence, Hatim Rahman traces how organizations are using algorithms to control workers in an "invisible cage." Inside the Invisible Cage uses unique longitudinal data to investigate how digital labor platforms use algorithms to dictate the actions of high-skilled workers by determining accepted behaviors, work opportunities, and even success. As Hatim Rahman explains, employers can use algorithms to shift rules and guidelines without notice, explanation, or recourse for workers. The invisible cage signals a profound shift in the way markets and organizations categorize and ultimately control people. Unlike previous forms of labor control, the invisible cage is ubiquitous, yet it is also opaque and shifting, which makes breaking free from it difficult for workers. This book traces how the invisible cage was developed over time and the implications it has for the spread of new technology, such as generative artificial intelligence. Inside the Invisible Cage also provides organizations, workers, and policymakers with insights on how to ensure the future of work has truly equitable, mutually beneficial outcomes.
Indian Democracy’s Paradoxes
We are dealing with a new political form of society whose specificity comes from the articulation between two different traditions. On one side we have the liberal tradition constituted by the rule of law, the defence of human rights and the respect of individual liberty; on the other the democratic tradition whose main ideas are those of equa identity between governing and governed and popular sovereignty. There is no necessary relation between those two distinct traditions but only a contingent historical articulation....Let's not forget that, while we tend today to take the link between liberalism and democracy for granted, their union, far from being a smooth process, was the result of bitter struggles. - Mouffe, The Democratic Paradox. The Unity in Diversity is based on multi wheel and not on mono wheel system. Truth has one face while the untruth has many faces. Truth does not seek for any excuse while the untruth always searches for an excuse. Truth cannot be divided; it is the same for one and all. There has been a growing paradoxical environment in the country not genuinely but due to lack of reasoning and reconciliation which are the offshoots of ego, misunderstanding and confrontation. Today, paradoxes in our democracy are multiplying manifold. Time, we need to take them seriously, search for solutions. These paradoxes include Diversity & Division, Fundamental Duties, Governance and Citizens Moral Values and Human Development. I have analysed them in depth and endeavoured to show their patenting effects in the democratic functioning driving towards haywire and disorderliness. This is setting a negative concept for the future generations, the responsibility for that rests on the present generation.
Understanding Cultural Policy
This textbook provides an introduction to cultural policy in the US, enabling both students and practitioners to understand how government impacts the arts and culture.
Putting Women Up
For the duration of Myanmar's experiment with electoral democracy, why did some women run for political office, and not others? What role did gatekeepers such as party leaders play in those decisions, and using what criteria in selecting candidates? How did experience of domestic violence or harassment affect women's likelihood to participate in politics, especially beyond the local level? And what implications might these earlier patterns have for a post-coup Myanmar, should meaningful elections be restored?The contributors to Putting Women Up: Gender Equality and Politics in Myanmar answer these questions by examining the internal politics of nine political parties in Myanmar and both men's and women's attitudes towards and experiences of political leadership. Drawing on extensive interview, survey, and focus-group discussion data collected from across Myanmar in 2017 and 2020, this book offers a mixed-methods approach to explain how factors from party rules to formative personal trauma to patriarchal biases to ethno-religious context shape women's and men's likelihood to join local and national politics. The findings expand on culturalist insights on gender inequality to provide context-sensitive, evidence-backed policy recommendations to promote women's political leadership, despite militarization and violence in post-coup Myanmar.
Express Yourself
Censorship takes many forms, from jailed protesters and murdered journalists, to more subtle mechanisms, like societal pressures and norms that give some people more of a voice than others. It's with the latter in mind that we turn our attention to neurodiversity.The Index on Censorship believes in independent reporting around the world. They have contributing editors and correspondents from Mexico, China, South Korea, the USA, Italy, Yemen, Iraq and Turkey.
Nuts and Bolts
The success of the battle for the future of American Democracy-the struggle for progressive values-the battle between democracy and autocracy-between hope and fear-will not be determined entirely by the merits of our values or even the strength of our conviction.It will be determined by how well American progressives organize to promote those values. It will be determined especially by how well we execute the nuts and bolts of election campaigns.This book is about the fundamentals. It's about execution.It's about the fundamentals of great electoral organizing, effective political communication, understanding the self-interest of the voters, political fundraising, using social media and other new technologies, creating high intensity field programs, voter mobilization, the qualities of great organizers.It is a step-by-step field manual for how progressives can win electoral campaigns - and a textbook for anyone who wants to know how electoral politics really works.
Fat Man Fed Up
For more than forty years, Jack Germond has been covering politics for Gannett newspapers, the Washington Star, and the Baltimore Sun, and talking politics on the Today show, The McLaughlin Group, and Inside Washington. Now, in Fat Man Fed Up, Germond confronts the most critical issues raised by our election process and offers a scathing but wry polemic about what's wrong with American politics. Is there any connection between what happens in campaigns and what happens in government? And if not, where does the blame for the discontent lie? Was Tocqueville right? Do we get the leaders we deserve? Indeed, according to Germond, the politicians aren't the only ones to blame, or even the chief culprits. He describes how he and his colleagues in the news media have been guilty of dumbing-down the political process-and how the voters are too apathetic to demand better coverage and better results. Instead, they simply turn away and too often end up enduring third-rate presidents. This no-sacred-cows manifesto faces the problems many are reluctant to address: - Polls and how they are used and abused by politicians and press to mislead gullible voters.- The critical failure of the press to accurately portray figures in the political realm, from Eugene McCarthy to Barbara Bush to Al Sharpton.- How the complaints about liberal bias in the press miss the real point: whether that bias, if it exists, colors the way editors and reporters work.- The staggering influence of television, and the networks' inability to provide anything but the most simplistic coverage of politics.- The "big lie" school of campaigning. From "Where's the beef?" to "compassionate conservatism," the politics of empty slogans has always placed noise above nuance: Say anything loudly enough and long enough, and voters are bound to mistake it for the truth. Along the way, Germond illustrates his arguments by drawing from his war chest of priceless anecdotes from decades in the business. With his inimitable combination of incisive journalism and sardonic and witty straight talk, Germond guides us through the fog created by candidates and the media. In this timely, outrageous, and compulsively readable book, no one is let off the hook. Fat Man Fed Up is a bracing look at how we never seem to get the truth about the people we're electing.
Colonial Continuities and Decoloniality in the French-Speaking World
This volume pays tribute to the work of Professor Kate Marsh (1974-2019), an outstanding scholar whose research covered an extraordinarily wide range of interests and approaches, encompassing the history of empire, literature, politics and cultural production across the Francophone world from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century. Each of the chapters within engages with a different aspect of Marsh's interest in French colonialism and the entanglements of its complex afterlives -- whether it be her interest in the longevity of imperial rivalries; loss and colonial nostalgia; exoticism and the female body; decolonization and the ends of empire; the French colonial imagination; the policing of racialized bodies; or anti-colonial activism and resistance. As well as reflecting the geographical and intellectual breadth of Marsh's research, the volume demonstrates how her work continues to resonate with emerging scholarship around decoloniality, transcolonial mobilities and anti-colonial resistance in the Francophone world. From French India to Algeria and from the Caribbean to contemporary France, this collection demonstrates the persistent relevance of Marsh's scholarship to the histories and legacies of empire, while opening up conversations about its implications for decolonial approaches to imperial histories and the future of Francophone Postcolonial Studies.
Jews and Australian Politics
This book -- an edited collection of new contributions from distinguished Australian academics -- contextualises, illuminates, and explains the contemporary politics of Australian Jewry. It critically analyses the three broad themes above through relevant case studies and source material, and situates the politics of Australian Jews through comparisons with general patterns in Australian politics, the politics of other minorities in Australia, and the politics of other Western Jewish communities. Contains a detailed appendix of Jewish Parliamentarians, 1849 to the Present.
The Supreme Court and the Philosopher
The Supreme Court and the Philosopher illustrates how the modern US Supreme Court has increasingly adopted a view of the constitutional right to the freedom of expression that is classically liberal in nature, reflecting John Stuart Mill's reasoning in On Liberty. A landmark treatise outlining the merits of limiting governmental and social power over the individual, On Liberty advocates for a maximum protection of human freedom. Proceeding case by case and covering a wide array of issues, such as campaign finance, offensive speech, symbolic speech, commercial speech, online expression, and false statements, Eric T. Kasper and Troy A. Kozma show how the Supreme Court justices have struck down numerous laws for infringing on the freedom of expression.Kasper and Kozma demonstrate how the adoption of Mill's version of free speech began with Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. more than a century ago and expanded over time to become the prevailing position of the Court today. The authors argue that this embrace of Mill's rationale has led to an unmistakable reorientation in the Court's understanding of free expression jurisprudence.The Supreme Court and the Philosopher is the first book to comprehensively explore how the political philosophy of Mill has influenced the highest court in the land. In targeting the underlying philosophical reasons that explain why the modern Supreme Court renders its First Amendment decisions, this book is particularly timely, as the issues of censorship and freedom of expression are debated in the public square today.
Designing More-Than-Human Smart Cities
Climate change, rapid urbanisation, pandemics, as well as innovations in technologies such as blockchain, AI and IoT are all impacting urban space. One response to such changes has been to make cities ecologically sustainable and 'smart'. The 'eco smart city' for instance uses networked sensing, cloud and mobile computing to optimise, control, and regulate urban processes and resources. From real-time bus information to autonomous electric vehicles, smart parking, and smart street lighting, such initiatives are often presented as a social and environmental good. Critics, however, increasingly argue that technologically driven, and efficiency-led approaches are too simplistic to deal with the complexities of urban life. Sustainability in the smart city is predominantly performed in limited ways that leave little room for participation and citizen agency despite government efforts to integrate innovative technologies in more equitable ways. More importantly, there is a growing awareness that a human-centred notion of cities, in which urban space is designed for, and inhabited by, humans only, is no longer tenable. Within the age of the Anthropocene - a term used to refer to a new geological era in which human activity is transforming Earth systems, accelerating climate change and causing mass extinctions - scholars and practitioners are working generatively by acknowledging the entanglements between human and non-human others (including plants, animals, insects, as well as soil, water, and sensors and their data) in urban life. In Designing More-than-Human Smart Cities, renowned researchers and practitioners from urban planning, architecture, environmental humanities, geography, design, arts, and computing critically explore smart cities beyond a human-centred approach. They respond to the complex interrelations between human and non-human others in urban space. Through theory, policy and practice (past and present), and thinking speculatively about how smart cities may evolve in the future, the book makes a timely contribution to lively, contemporary scientific and political debates on genuinely sustainable smart cities.
Buffalo’s Waterfront Renaissance
Recounts how preservationists and environmentalists ultimately succeeded in persuading a powerful state agency to abandon its plans for privately developing Buffalo's waterfront and instead revitalize the city by enhancing opportunities for members of the public to use and enjoy that same space.This book tells the remarkable story of howBuffalo's post-industrial waterfront was reclaimed for public use and enjoyment and pays tribute to the many local citizens and nongovernmental organizations that made the city's waterfront renaissance possible. After years of litigation, public controversy and debate, preservationists and environmentalists ultimately succeeded in persuading the state to abandon its contentious plans for privately developing Buffalo's waterfront. Gene Bunnell, an experienced urban planner, lays out the Buffalo waterfront's long and troubled history, from the torrent of shipping and commercial activity that was unleashed by the opening of the Erie Canal, to the contamination of the Buffalo River due to waterside industries, to how the Outer Harbor-the last portion of the waterfront to be industrially developed-was reshaped and contaminated by filling in low-lying areas with a toxic mix of waste materials. Drawing on interviews and articles, editorials, and op-eds from The Buffalo News, Bunnell provides the reader with a "real-time" sense of how the struggle over the future of Buffalo's waterfront unfolded and the ultimate victory by local activists to secure environmental cleanup, restored natural habitats, and expanded public waterfront access.
Weaving Our Stories
The Weaving Our Stories: Return To Belonging Anthology includes poetry, essays, visual art, and narratives penned by authors and artists identifying as Black, Indigenous, and people of color from Hawaiʻi and beyond. While our contributors span a diverse spectrum of experiences and identities, they all share a common commitment to individual and collective well-being. Our contributors astutely showcase how their expressions of resistance and liberation, whether through visual art or written text, align with one or more of the central themes of Weaving Our Stories: resistance through cultural memory, accountability, resisting false binaries, and countering Hegemony. In tandem with the community collection of stories that revolve around resistance, this anthology also highlights the remarkable achievements of our six accomplished Black youth organizers. These young individuals dedicated a year to the Weaving Our Stories Youth Series during the pandemic, delving into the power and relevance of storytelling in our journey of resistance and liberation. Each of the six youth activists overviews their Community Impact Design Projects by proposing interventions that harness our resistance themes and our three Pillars of Liberation-namely, the institutions, structures/methodology, and people who can
The Legitimization of Violence
This book examines the Covid-19 pandemic from a social, cultural and philosophical perspective. In a unique and innovative approach, it addresses its subject by recounting the authors' thoughts during the two long years of the pandemic, from 2020 to 2022. A pandemic reveals numerous tensions in society: forces that remain hidden during prosperous times, such as fear, violence, or the devaluation of human rights, emerge as significant factors during a social crisis. A pandemic is, therefore, useful as a phenomenon for studying human weaknesses and for evaluating the development of humanitarian crises when few people care about appearances, and there is little to hide because life itself is in the balance. This book will be of interest to students, researchers, and scholars of biomedical and social sciences, as well as those working in the fields of public health and political philosophy.
Punished For Working
Punished for Working is a collection of the experiences, thoughts, and feelings of a social service worker who has started to question the effectiveness of the services that the government provides when it comes to encouraging independence and self-sufficiency. The book explains how receiving free services through assistance programs obscures the benefits of working, sometimes causing problems that extend over generations. Punished for Working infuses real-life scenarios with humor, showing that, maddeningly, not only has work become less appealing but a worker may even suffer for engaging in it. Some of the scenarios presented here are so incredible that readers may laugh to keep from crying. This book is not for the squeamish, and its purpose is to stimulate conversation. The author travels down streets most wouldn't dare to go to consider the mindset in the United States now that assistance programs have replaced the desire to work and punishment for those who do.
Shrink Government
Government consumes wealth, creates no wealth, and inhibits the creation of wealth. It thus makes money less and less available. Government's primary objective is to get bigger and more powerful. To achieve this, it identifies more and more problems to solve. Government thus has less and less money to solve more and more problems. National dysfunction results, especially among the poor. Government also creates crises, including the lockdowns, global warming, and racism, to increase its powers. Government isn't the solution, it's the problem. Unintentionally, it causes poverty.With government greatly diminished, the income of most people would rise and the gap between rich and poor would narrow. With government reduced and tax rates low and flat, the rich would step up to handle welfare needs, cutting costs and improving results. With few exceptions, government is the worst and most expensive way to do anything.
Estimative Intelligence in European Foreign Policymaking
This book provides the first assessment of the performance of three leading European polities in providing estimative intelligence during an era of surprise. It develops a new framework for conducting postmortems guided by a normative model of anticipatory foreign policy. The comparative analysis focuses on how the UK, the EU and Germany handled three cases of major surprises: the Arab uprisings, the rise to power of the Islamic State (ISIS), and the Russian annexation of Crimea. It considers not just government intelligence assessments, but also diplomatic reporting and expert open sources and how these assessments were received by organisational leaders. The book tests and develops new theories about the causes of strategic surprises, going beyond a common focus on intelligence versus policy failures to identify challenges and factors that cut across both communities. With the help of former senior officials, the book identifies lessons yet to be learnt by European polities to better anticipate and prepare for future surprises.
Intelligence without Fix Up
Technology has empowered antagonism with the ability to form nearly enough factions to erode the power of the state. It has enabled the theft of secrets and the proliferation of dangerous knowledge over vast distances. Governments no longer have a monopoly over information. Secrets are harder to keep than ever before. At the same time, technology has made the dream of near real-time fusion of intelligence come true. It has revolutionised tradecraft and continued to hold out the promise of being able to detect dangerous corporeality. After the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, intelligence agencies were desperately looking for a different mission to justify their existence. The mandate of intelligence defines its job and stresses the need to perform it within a legal framework and demonstrate resilience and ambitions. In several European states, during the operation of intelligence agencies, many things are not going in the right direction. These kinds of operations have never been successful. A clearly defined mandate helps a security intelligence service to function within a statutory remit. Through various measures, intelligence agencies collect information about sarcastic elements and foreign networks. Following the post-cold war intelligence mechanism in Britain and European Union member states, the emerging threat of foreign espionage has become precarious to national security. Cyber terrorism and information theft are a second type of threat to the economy and businesses of the government. However, one type of espionage that has not emaciated but rather expanded after the end of the Cold War is economic espionage. Threat intelligence provides better insight into the threat landscape and threat actors. Foreign espionage is not one kind of interference in the affairs of the state but damages national security. Hostile states have been attempting to harm and intimidate businesses and infiltrate government institutions to create an environment of fear. Some Eastern European intelligence agencies are undergoing a deep crisis of confidence, and national security management. A contest of strength between domestic and foreign intelligence agencies and, a misplaced sense of professional approach, poor organisational management, threaten the security of these states.
Intelligence without Fix Up
Technology has empowered antagonism with the ability to form nearly enough factions to erode the power of the state. It has enabled the theft of secrets and the proliferation of dangerous knowledge over vast distances. Governments no longer have a monopoly over information. Secrets are harder to keep than ever before. At the same time, technology has made the dream of near real-time fusion of intelligence come true. It has revolutionised tradecraft and continued to hold out the promise of being able to detect dangerous corporeality. After the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, intelligence agencies were desperately looking for a different mission to justify their existence. The mandate of intelligence defines its job and stresses the need to perform it within a legal framework and demonstrate resilience and ambitions. In several European states, during the operation of intelligence agencies, many things are not going in the right direction. These kinds of operations have never been successful. A clearly defined mandate helps a security intelligence service to function within a statutory remit. Through various measures, intelligence agencies collect information about sarcastic elements and foreign networks. Following the post-cold war intelligence mechanism in Britain and European Union member states, the emerging threat of foreign espionage has become precarious to national security. Cyber terrorism and information theft are a second type of threat to the economy and businesses of the government. However, one type of espionage that has not emaciated but rather expanded after the end of the Cold War is economic espionage. Threat intelligence provides better insight into the threat landscape and threat actors. Foreign espionage is not one kind of interference in the affairs of the state but damages national security. Hostile states have been attempting to harm and intimidate businesses and infiltrate government institutions to create an environment of fear. Some Eastern European intelligence agencies are undergoing a deep crisis of confidence, and national security management. A contest of strength between domestic and foreign intelligence agencies and, a misplaced sense of professional approach, poor organisational management, threaten the security of these states.
AFSPA & Human Rights Violation
This book is centered on understanding public sentiment, with a primary emphasis on formulatingconstructive solutions derived from input provided by various stakeholders and civil societyorganizations.Unfortunately, Ukhrul district was considered a 'disturbed area' even before AFSPA was imposed in thewhole state of Manipur on 8th September 1980. The fact is, even if there is peace and harmony in thestate, it is always considered disturbed due to hostility. Taking advantage of this, gross human rightsviolations have been committed for decades. Several protests and rallies have been staged but have goneunnoticed by the Central and State governments, leaving much agitation and protests in vain.The overarching goal of this book is to foster a deeper understanding between the Armed Forces and theresidents of Ukhrul with a concurrent emphasis on making positive contributions to enhance the overallwell-being of the state of Manipur.
Slow Harms and Citizen Action
Environmental degradation is not new, yet the impact of pollution on human health and wellbeing is growing. According to the World Health Organization, 12.6 million people die annually from living or working near toxic pollution, amounting to one-quarter of global deaths. Ninety-two percent of these deaths occur in middle or low-income countries, where the majority of the global population lives. For the millions of communities around the world where pollution is a slow moving, long-standing problem, residents born into toxic exposure often perceive pollution as part of the everyday landscape, particularly in low-resource settings. Local communities may also be both victims of pollution and complicit in perpetrating it themselves. When and how do people mobilize around slow harms? Moreover, when does citizen action around slow harms unlock policy action? In Slow Harms and Citizen Action, Veronica Herrera chronicles the struggle against toxic exposure in urban Latin America. Comparing advocacy movements for river pollution remediation in the capital regions of Argentina, Colombia, and Peru, Herrera explains how citizen-led efforts helped create environmental governance through networks that included impacted communities (bonding mobilization) and resourced allies (bridging mobilization). Through bonding and bridging mobilization, citizen advocacy for slow harms activated the state's regulatory capacity. Moreover, Herrera illustrates how the most successful environmental movements occurred in settings where established human rights movements had previously helped dismantle state-sponsored militarized violence. By unpacking human rights movements as thoroughfares for environmental activism, Slow Harms and Citizen Action sheds new light on the struggles for environmental justice in Latin America.
The Paradoxes of Network Neutralities
An argument that the movement for network neutrality was of a piece with its neoliberal environment, solidifying the continued existence of a commercially driven internet. Media reform activists rejoiced in 2015 when the FCC codified network neutrality, approving a set of Open Internet rules that prohibitedproviders from favoring some content and applications over others--only to have their hopes dashed two years later when the agency reversed itself. In this book, Russell Newman offers a unique perspective on these events, arguing that the movement for network neutrality was of a piece with its neoliberal environment rather than counter to it; perversely, it served to solidify the continued existence of a commercially dominant internet and even emergent modes of surveillance and platform capitalism. Going beyond the usual policy narrative of open versus closed networks, or public interest versus corporate power, Newman uses network neutrality as a lens through which to examine the ways that neoliberalism renews and reconstitutes itself, the limits of particular forms of activism, and the shaping of future regulatory processes and policies. Newman explores the debate's roots in the 1990s movement for open access, the transition to network neutrality battles in the 2000s, and the terms in which these battles were fought. By 2017, the debate had become unmoored from its own origins, and an emerging struggle against "neoliberal sincerity" points to a need to rethink activism surrounding media policy reform itself.
Us Environmental Policy in Action
Provides a detailed comprehensive approach to the environmental policy processAnalyzes the efficacy of real-life case studies updated in this new editionOffers two brand new chapters on energy and natural resources as well as food politics and policy
Law, History, and Justice
Since the nineteenth century, the development of international humanitarian law has been marked by complex entanglements of legal theory, historical trauma, criminal prosecution, historiography, and politics. All of these factors have played a role in changing views on the applicability of international law and human-rights ideas to state-organized violence, which in turn have been largely driven by transnational responses to German state crimes. Here, Annette Weinke gives a groundbreaking long-term history of the political, legal and academic debates concerning German state and mass violence in the First World War, during the National Socialist era and the Holocaust, and under the GDR.
Ron Carey and the Teamsters
Probes the enduring impact, and devastating fall, of one of the greatest union organizers of the 20th century In this riveting account, retired UPS driver and unionist, Ken Reiman, gives us the first in-depth portrait of Ron Carey as he rose from a local union officer in the mid-1960s, to president of what was, in 1991, the largest labor union in the United States. For many years, the International Brotherhood of Teamsters was one of this country's most corrupt unions, with close ties to organized crime. Hundreds of officers drew enormous salaries while doing no work. Pension funds were drained to build Las Vegas casinos. Ultimately many Teamster leaders were either sent to prison or killed. But because he was willing to put members first, Carey and the Teamsters were able to defeat UPS and the major trucking companies along with their many enemies in the mob, in corporate boardrooms, and in the halls of Congress. In the process Carey tangibly transformed the lives of countless workers. Drawing on transcripts from court hearings, public records, newspaper references and over fifty first-person interviews--including several off-the-record conversations--Reiman brings us the untold story of Carey's meteoric rise and demise.
The American Demagogue, Donald Trump -Revised Ed.
The American Demagogue: Donald Trump analyzes Trump's presidency through the lens of communication and Africology, highlighting his unique approach in distorting American values and institutions. The author specifically explores Trump's use of fear, lies, and derogatory language, drawing parallels to historical demagogues. The book delves into Trump's attacks on various American ideals, such as environmental protection, racial justice, and compassion. Additionally, it emphasizes Asante's perspective on the impact of Trump's rhetoric on the democratic tradition, offering insights into the resilience of American democracy. In an election year, this book serves as a distinctive reflection on the intersection of politics, communication, and cultural studies, and the history of American demagogues.
Policy Capacity, Design and the Sustainable Development Goals
While the utopian vision set by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals is certainly one worth striving for, it is no secret that many academics, practitioners and world leaders alike have struggled to navigate the intrinsic complexities of the SDGs and put them into practice. Policymakers face numerous challenges in moving ahead, creating wicked policy problems such as having multiple goals and targets that can sometimes contradict each other. Defining problems clearly and reaching a consensus on them is difficult, and there are no agreed criteria for prioritization. These challenges may be slowing down our progress.Focusing on pragmatic measures and implementation strategies for overcoming these barriers, Policy Capacity, Design and the Sustainable Development Goals collates a series of case studies that illustrate the complex challenges that can prevent the achievement of the SDGs. Chapters explore the theoretical and practical background needed to tackle sustainable development policies, including the additional administrative and policy capacities required for effective policymaking.Providing a cross-cutting contribution for the achievement of the 2030 Goals, this edited collection offers essential guidance for transforming the SDGs from agenda to reality.
Conflict in Congress
The book introduces Legislative Conflict Theory. The theory suggests that conflict in legislatures is two-dimensional and that a moderate level of conflict will be most productive. The two types of conflict are policy differences and relational conflict. Using the US Congress as a testing ground, and novel indicators of both forms of conflict and legislative productivity, the book tests the theory various ways. The testing arrives at the conclusion that specific Congresses and historical eras, easily identified as more productive, experienced a median level of two-dimensional conflict. There are implications for effective legislative process in all political settings including democratically elected legislatures and 'rubber stamp' legislatures in authoritarian environments. In the end, the research makes the case for recruiting the right type of people to serve. However, the most effective legislators will be context dependent. In low conflict scenarios, rabble-rousers become the most effective legislators. When two-dimensional conflict is too high, the need is for disciplined-mannerly legislators committed to compromise.
Beyond the Border
Step Into the Mind of the Opposition: Strategies RedefinedIn a world where political skirmishes and ideological battles are the new normal, "Beyond the Border: Envisioning the Adversary's Tactics" emerges as a vital beacon for those seeking to understand the complexities of modern conflict. With meticulous analysis and a profound understanding of political prowess, this book serves as an insider guide to decoding adversarial strategies that are shaping our world.Dive deep into the rabbit hole of strategic foresight in Chapter 2: Strategic Foresight: Preparing for the Unseen, where anticipation tactics are peeled back to reveal the fabric of modern politics. Challenge your own perceptions as the author deconstructs the fiery immigration debate in Chapter 3: Borderline Maneuvers, offering a rare glimpse into the raw clash between policy rhetoric and ground realities.Embark on a thought-provoking journey through the trenches of partisanship within Chapter 4, dissecting the intricate dance of political maneuvers. Gain invaluable insights into the myths and truths surrounding the socialist threat in America today, transforming abstract theories into concrete understanding in Chapter 5: The Socialist Threat: Myths and Realities.Beyond the Border not just peels back layers of domestic discourse but also scales the global chessboard. Chapter 10 imbues the reader with strategic insights behind enemy lines, preparing you for the high-stake games nations play. And as the world finds itself increasingly threatened by invisible enemies, Chapter 11: Medical Battlefield delves into the political intricacies of pandemic response, revealing the unspoken warfare of global health.From scrutinizing the often perplexing world of cyber threats to defending the core principles of economic freedom, this book is an indispensable tool for anyone eager to understand the myriad ways in which adversaries operate, think, and can be countered.With an extensive appendix, including historical documents and political terms, "Beyond the Border: Envisioning the Adversary's Tactics" is more than just a book-it's a comprehensive guide fashioned to arm you with knowledge and awaken the analytical vanguard within. Step beyond the border. The time to refine your vision-and your strategies-has arrived.
Election Day
An original defense of the unique value of voting in a democracy Voting is only one of the many ways that citizens can participate in public decision making, so why does it occupy such a central place in the democratic imagination? In Election Day, political theorist Emilee Booth Chapman provides an original answer to that question, showing precisely what is so special about how we vote in today's democracies. By presenting a holistic account of popular voting practices and where they fit into complex democratic systems, she defends popular attitudes toward voting against radical critics and offers much-needed guidance for voting reform. Elections embody a distinctive constellation of democratic values and perform essential functions in democratic communities. Election day dramatizes the nature of democracy as a collective and individual undertaking, makes equal citizenship and individual dignity concrete and transparent, and socializes citizens into their roles as equal political agents. Chapman shows that fully realizing these ends depends not only on the widespread opportunity to vote but also on consistently high levels of actual turnout, and that citizens' experiences of voting matters as much as the formal properties of a voting system. And these insights are also essential for crafting and evaluating electoral reform proposals. By rethinking what citizens experience when they go to the polls, Election Day recovers the full value of democratic voting today.
Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems 2021
Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems is an essential guide for planning practitioners, providing tools and approaches needed for complex, changing and uncertain environments. This book takes a systems approach to infrastructure planning, focusing on delivering and sustaining the optimum outcome for society. It emphasises using evidence to understand the systems' requirements in context, selecting the most appropriate risk-based tools for the situation, and a through-life view of purpose and value. Key features include: a systematic approach applicable across a range of infrastructure sectors evidence-based tools for mapping infrastructure dependencies, modelling hazard impacts, and assessment of mitigation and recovery options to manage systems risk a common set of planning considerations and performance metrics useful for a range of stakeholders extensive use of examples illustrating applications across a range of contexts Planning Resilient Infrastructure Systems provides the reader, whether they are an engineer, an urban planner, or a student, with an indispensable practical guide. It is focused on planning infrastructure for sustainability and resilience, explaining what needs to be done, when, and what is needed to achieve it.
The Non-Coherence Theory of Digital Human Rights
Susi offers a novel non-coherence theory of digital human rights to explain the change in meaning and scope of human rights rules, principles, ideas and concepts, and the interrelationships and related actors, when moving from the physical domain into the online domain. The transposition into the digital reality can alter the meaning of well-established offline human rights to a wider or narrower extent, impacting core concepts such as transparency, legal certainty and foreseeability. Susi analyses the 'loss in transposition' of some core features of the rights to privacy and freedom of expression. The non-coherence theory is used to explore key human rights theoretical concepts, such as the network society approach, the capabilities approach, transversality, and self-normativity, and it is also applied to e-state and artificial intelligence, challenging the idea of the sameness of rights. This title is part of the Flip it Open programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.
Human Rights in Southern Africa
The interest, awareness and importance of human rights has continued to dominate public discourse. This is partly because human rights help us to recognise and respect our shared rights and responsibilities so that we may be able to co-exist while upholding the values and principles of democracy. This voluminous contribution provides a systematic and comprehensive reflection on the state of human rights in Southern Africa. The main aim is to deepen the understanding of human rights from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Contributors analyse how human rights are not only promoted and protected from possible violations, but also abused with reference to divergent contexts in Southern African. The wide-ranging themes, perspectives and theoretical frameworks in this work provides for a deeper and boarder understanding of human rights in the region.
Yorkshire 2035
Yorkshire 2035 - The New assembly, is the final book in The Yorkshire Trilogy, completing the journey from feasibility study (Yorkshire, The Case For Independence), through gaining a degree of recognition (Yorkshire 2027, A Strategy For Tomorrow) to finally achieving influence. The book picks up from 2027, a time when the ruling party's majority was slim and they were either over-ruled on new legislation or proved themselves quite incapable of managing a collapsing economy, artificial intelligence and crumbling infrastructure. The political cycle was turning from a period of negative decisions (you can't do that) and excessive documentation (we have a plan - several plans) to a time when experimentation, innovation and novelty at last escaped from the bottle and a new period of positive activity began - and now with Yorkshire at the forefront. The story is of Yorkshire rising above the chaos and ineptitude of Westminster to create its own assembly, a written constitution and a local currency; activities that served as the foundation stones of a system that embraced and developed a vibrant and challenging future. A movement that restored dignity, liberty and freedom to the people of Yorkshire - at last shaking off a detached elite, languishing some 200 miles away in London. Join in. Enjoy.
Noir by Necessity
"The murder of Joseph Gatto captivated Los Angeles. Many veteran journalists still wonder how and why it happened. The details of this horrible crime and those affected by it continue to fascinate." -Robert Kovacik, Anchor and Reporter, NBC Los AngelesMike Gatto was an up-and-coming young lawmaker when his father was brutally murdered.The act sucked him into the world of noir: wild theories, intransigent detectives, and unimaginable violence.This true crime story reads like a thriller, offering insight into the world of politics and the seedy underbelly of crime investigation in modern Los Angeles.Gatto shares his experiences with incredible candor and raw emotion, detailing every clue, and how he came to learn every tragic detail of his father's murder. With the case still unsolved, see if you can piece together the clues to solve the mystery.
Spatial Planning in the Big Data Revolution
Through interaction with other databases such as social media, geographic information systems have the ability to build and obtain not only statistics defined on the flows of people, things, and information but also on perceptions, impressions, and opinions about specific places, territories, and landscapes. It is thus necessary to systematize, integrate, and coordinate the various sources of data (especially open data) to allow more appropriate and complete analysis, descriptions, and elaborations. Spatial Planning in the Big Data Revolution is a critical scholarly resource that aims to bring together different methodologies that combine the potential of large data analysis with GIS applications in dedicated tools specifically for territorial, social, economic, environmental, transport, energy, real estate, and landscape evaluation. Additionally, the book addresses a number of fundamental objectives including the application of big data analysis in supporting territorial analysis, validating crowdsourcing and crowdmapping techniques, and disseminating information and community involvement. Urban planners, architects, researchers, academicians, professionals, and practitioners in such fields as computer science, data science, and business intelligence will benefit most from the research contained within this publication.
Mathematical Approaches to Understanding Democracy
The democratic system is understood and accepted as the fairest form of government in Western countries. Nevertheless, citizens tend to critique their democratically elected rulers. Mathematical Approaches to Understanding Democracy: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential reference source that provides an analysis on the global political systems and provides insight on how to optimize government capabilities, citizen engagement, and educational systems. Using statistical concepts, it proposes algorithmic solutions to detect problems and provide improvement on democratic and non-democratic societies. Featuring research on topics such as political negligence, voter knowledge, political corruption, and democratic training, this book is ideally designed for governmental officials, policymakers, educators, statisticians, academicians, and researchers.
