The Conservative Governments and Social Policy
Focusing on the policy approaches of Conservative governments since 2015, this book examines key social policy areas including education, health, housing, employment, children and young people, and more. Respected social policy researchers explore the degree to which the positions and policies of recent Conservative governments have differed from the previous Coalition government (2010-15). They consider the extent to which austerity has continued and the influence of other policy emphases, such as a 'levelling up' agenda. Reflecting on the rapid changes of Prime Minister, they compare the themes of the Cameron, May, Johnson, Truss and Sunak administrations, critically examine the impacts of the external shocks of Brexit and COVID-19, and the changing patterns of public expenditure.
Underground
This book gets to the bottom of the twenty-first-century city, literally. Underground moves beneath Romania's capital, Bucharest, to examine how the demands of global accumulation have extended urban life not just upward into higher skylines, and outward to ever more distant peripheries, but also downward beneath city sidewalks. Underground details how developers and municipal officials have invested tremendous sums of money to gentrify and expand Bucharest's constellation of subterranean Metro stations and pedestrian pathways, basements and cellars, bunkers and crypts to provide upwardly mobile residents with space to live, work, and play in an overcrowded and increasingly unaffordable city center. In this sense, the repurposed underground facilitates dreams of middle-class ascendancy. This sense of optimism, the book shows, invariably gives way to ambivalence as the middle classes confront the indignities of being incorporated into the city from below. Bruce O'Neill argues that these loosely coordinated efforts have not only introduced novel forms of social fragmentation but also a new aesthetics of inequality that are fundamentally shaping where and how the middle classes fit in the city. Pushing urban studies beyond a cartographic perspective--with its horizontal focus upon centers and peripheries, walls and gates--O'Neill brings into focus the vertical dynamics of gentrification that place some "on the bottom" and others "on top" of the city. As cities around the world extend further downward in the name of development and sustainability, Underground makes clear that scholars and practitioners of the twenty-first-century city will need to become ever more attuned to the cultural politics of urban verticality, asking not just who is included in the city and who has been pressed outside of it, but also who is on top and who is placed on the bottom.
Ecological Migration and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Ningxia
India and the End of Empire
This collection of the writings of Daniel O'Connor, edited and introduced by David Jasper, is a treasure trove for all interested in the Church in India in the twentieth century.
Beyond Nudge
In recent years, a wave of reforms known as 'nudges' or 'behavioural interventions' have emerged in public policy and administration. 'Nudge' policies are created to lightly influence groups in society to change their behaviour, using behavioural insights to solve complex policy problems. Generally, behavioural approaches focus on the psychology underlying the implementation and effects of policies in practice. First published as a special issue of Policy & Politics journal, this book situates these reforms within a broader tradition of methodological individualism. With contributions from international scholars, it demonstrates that when behavioural policies expand their focus beyond the individual, they have the potential to better understand, investigate, and shape social outcomes.
Underground
This book gets to the bottom of the twenty-first-century city, literally. Underground moves beneath Romania's capital, Bucharest, to examine how the demands of global accumulation have extended urban life not just upward into higher skylines, and outward to ever more distant peripheries, but also downward beneath city sidewalks. Underground details how developers and municipal officials have invested tremendous sums of money to gentrify and expand Bucharest's constellation of subterranean Metro stations and pedestrian pathways, basements and cellars, bunkers and crypts to provide upwardly mobile residents with space to live, work, and play in an overcrowded and increasingly unaffordable city center. In this sense, the repurposed underground facilitates dreams of middle-class ascendancy. This sense of optimism, the book shows, invariably gives way to ambivalence as the middle classes confront the indignities of being incorporated into the city from below. Bruce O'Neill argues that these loosely coordinated efforts have not only introduced novel forms of social fragmentation but also a new aesthetics of inequality that are fundamentally shaping where and how the middle classes fit in the city. Pushing urban studies beyond a cartographic perspective--with its horizontal focus upon centers and peripheries, walls and gates--O'Neill brings into focus the vertical dynamics of gentrification that place some "on the bottom" and others "on top" of the city. As cities around the world extend further downward in the name of development and sustainability, Underground makes clear that scholars and practitioners of the twenty-first-century city will need to become ever more attuned to the cultural politics of urban verticality, asking not just who is included in the city and who has been pressed outside of it, but also who is on top and who is placed on the bottom.
Partners in Crime
Most books about the assassination of President Kennedy written by "serious" authors and published by "prestigious" publishing houses fully agree with the Warren Commission's conclusions that Lee Harvey Oswald was a mentally disturbed individual who acted alone and there was no conspiracy surrounding him. Nonetheless, the few who blame the CIA, usually lefties and "progressives," never mention the key role played by important Council on Foreign Relations' members both in the assassination and the cover-up. They also purposely ignore Castro's role in the event, despite the fact that he was the only one among the suspects who publicly threatened the Kennedy brothers with assassination and had a long personal history of violence and a strong inclination to commit such a crime. Moreover, none of these books adds to the list of suspects the man who created the CFR, the CIA and Castro: David Rockefeller. As you will see in this book, however, everything indicates that David Rockefeller was the evil mind who manipulated behind the shadows the forces that participated in the JFK assassination and its cover-up. There are some things about this book that sets it apart from the close to 2000 books written about the Kennedy assassination. In the first place, it doesn't point to abstract organizations such as "the Establishment," "the military-industrial-complex," "the deep state," or "the CIA," as perpetrators, but as specific individuals inside some of these organizations. Secondly, it brings abundant evidence showing that most of the people who participated in the cover-up which began just after the assassination and intensified after the Warren Commission's report, as well as in the post-cover-up, unleashed by Oliver Stone's film JFK, were members of the Council on Foreign Relations. Thirdly, it proves that the Kennedy assassination in 1963 was a sort of remake of the assassination in 1948 of Colombian leader Jorge Eli矇cer Gait獺n. The modus operandi was quite similar -both used Manchurian Candidates- and even some of the people who participated in the assassination of Gait獺n also played key roles in the JFK assassination. Finally, without discarding some of the motives for the JFK assassination mentioned by other authors -Kennedy planned to end the Vietnam War, he threatened to disband the CIA, printed currency not backed by the Fed- he added a main one not mentioned by any author before: President Kennedy was secretly trying to reach an agreement with Soviet Premier Khrushchev to end the Cold War.
Subterranean Matters
In Subterranean Matters, Andrea Marston examines the ongoing history of Bolivian mining cooperatives, an economic formation that has been central to Bolivian politics and to the country's economy. Marston outlines how mining cooperatives occupy a contradictory place in Bolivian politics. They were major backers of left-wing president Evo Morales in 2006 and participated significantly in the crafting of the constitution that would declare Bolivia a plurinational state. At the same time, many Bolivians regard mining cooperatives as thieves because they derive personal profits from the subterranean mineral resources that are the legal inheritance of all Bolivians. Through extensive fieldwork underground in Bolivian cooperative mines, Marston explores how these miners-and the subterranean spaces they occupy-embody the tensions at the heart of Bolivia's plurinational project. Marston shows how persistent commitment to nation and nationalism is a shared feature of left-wing and right-wing politics in Bolivia, illustrating how bodies, identities, and resources fit into this complex political matrix.
Local Self-Governance and Varieties of Statehood
The debate on governance originates in the OECD world. At the latest since the postcolonial debate, we know that we need to "test" our assumptions under radically different conditions. This book offers an extended perspective of local self-governance by examining cases from South Asia, Africa, and Latin America, together with a study of militias in the USA. The chapters present a wide variety of local actors who pursue different notions of order legitimized by local traditions based on hierarchy or deeply rooted communalism, Islamic theology, or grassroots democracy. Some local actors claim a state-like authority and challenge the territorial state. In such cases, there is no longer "a shadow hierarchy" but opposition to the state. Different violent actors fight for supremacy, and the state is just one actor among others. The empirical studies presented in this book show how different kinds of local self-governance are combined with varieties of statehood, and thus contribute to an understanding of the notion of governance in a fundamental sense that goes beyond the special case of the OECD world.
The Codex of the Endangered Species Act, Volume II
The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) is one of the most cherished and reviled laws ever passed. It mandates protection and preservation of all the nation's species and biodiversity, whatever the cost. It has been a lightning rod for controversy and conflicts between industry/business and environmentalists.In this volume, leading Endangered Species Act experts interpret and propose legislative and administrative changes to prepare the ESA for future challenges. They explore regulations on avoiding harm to and producing benefits for species, cooperation between state and federal agencies, scientific analyses, and the necessary politics to enact their ideas. This is a call to action to chart an enlightened future for the Endangered Species Act that embraces the nation's moral commitment of 50 years ago to address species extinction constructively, mindful of biodiversity, and as a fixture among the nation's values and needs. The interconnected web of life includes all living species that depend on each other for survival, us among them. The stakes--our very future--are too high to ignore.
The Last Great Plague of Colonial India
Plague has attained pandemic proportions on three occasions in recorded history. It is within the context of the third, modern pandemic that this book unfolds: an outbreak which took over twelve million lives in India alone. Natasha Sarkar examines for the first time the full social history of this extraordinary medical crisis in India at the end of the nineteenth century, detailing the nature and progress of the disease within a complex colonial environment. Deep-seated colonial anxieties about governing India influenced and are disclosed in responses to the pandemic. Disease carriers were identified and labelled, and scapegoats stigmatized. Western Imperialism and its developments in biomedicine clashed with older indigenous medical systems. Sarkar also considers attitudes, approaches, and mentalities in indigenous Indian society. She explores what individuals and communities made of the disease, and how social prejudices surrounding it and its sufferers became increasingly heightened in a colonial environment. The plague crisis reveals disparate, heterogeneous voices across communities--the contradictions of a multi-religious, multi-lingual, and multi-cultural society. The last great plague of Colonial India is thus portrayed in all its political, social, economic, and demographic dimensions.
Money Flows
Remittances, the repatriated earnings of emigrant workers, have risen spectacularly in recent decades. They are a crucial lifeline for the households that receive them and one of the largest sources of capital for developing economies, outstripping both aid and foreign direct investment. Money Flows studies how remittances shape the relationship between remittance recipients and the authorities in migrant-sending countries by providing a comprehensive study of the political effects of remittances on the attitudes of their recipients. It argues that far from being an exclusively economic risk-sharing mechanism between poorer, migrant-sending, and richer, migrant-receiving economies, remittances may compromise rudimentary accountability mechanisms in the developing world. The book leverages survey data from Central-Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia and original focus groups from Kyrgyzstan. It shows how remittances, and fluctuations in their volume, colour recipients' economic evaluations; shape the burden of corruption; and change how recipients interact with, and view their state, ultimately impacting the approval function of the authorities.
Policing the Pandemic
This book explores how police agencies in United Kingdom and the United States have adjusted to their changing environments, both during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic and later, when the restrictions have been relaxed and the societies have begun to develop their new normal.
The Green Wave
"Discover the blueprint for a sustainable maritime industry in this groundbreaking book. From innovative ship designs to international regulations and market opportunities, it provides a roadmap for reducing environmental impact while maximizing economic benefits. Packed with real-world case studies and best practices, this essential guide is a must-have for industry professionals and policymakers alike. Join the movement towards a greener and more prosperous maritime future."
Major League Sports and the Property Tax
This book updates the public policy dialogue on major league sports facilities and the property tax in the US. By providing a rigorous treatment of the property tax within the context of major league sports facilities, this volume debunks the widely asserted claim that most major league teams do not pay property taxes. The chapters methodically lay out the property tax status of every activity major league facility, the actual worth of that property tax expenditure, and the impact of property tax exemptions on local public services. Using empirical data, the volume provides a foundation for informed policy making regarding major league sports facilities. As such, this book will be a useful tool for researchers and students in sports economics, sports management, public policy, and public finance, as well as practitioners involved in the policy process.Economists have extensively studied the billions of dollars that state and local governments have devoted to funding professional sports stadiums. However, the implicit subsidies that stadiums typically receive through property tax exemptions has received scant attention. In Major League Sports and the Property Tax, Geoffrey Propheter thoroughly examines the common practice of removing sports venues from local tax rolls, which results in millions of dollars in forgone tax revenue that is often not reported in the public accounting of costs. Propheter provides a detailed examination of how property taxes are administered and the implications that derive from stadium property tax exemptions and abatements. His comprehensive analysis presents stylized facts and specific examples that provide the most thorough treatment on the subject to date. The breadth of analysis and meticulous coverage of relevant issues demonstrates why Propheter has emerged as a leading expert on the economics of stadiums. This is perhaps the most important book on the public financing of stadiums written in the past decade, and anyone interested in stadium economics will want their own copy to read and reference. JC Bradbury, Professor of Economics, Kennesaw State University
Baby Listens
This book provides new insights into the opportunities, risks, and unintended consequences for the American economy, legacy industries, global multinational corporations, and financial institutions having pledged to transition to a net-zero carbon economy. It places specific emphasis on 'systems analysis', as well as the unprecedented pace needed for our sustainability transition. It examines the implications of organizations purchasing voluntary carbon credits which are not regulated, insured, and often not scientifically validated. It scrutinises how financial markets are driving corporate sustainability while at the same time conservative policymakers seek to ban Environmental Social Governance investments. Golden discusses national security as well as the growing rural-urban divide, seemingly widened by major automotive manufacturers looking to move towards zero-emission electric vehicles. Using empirical evidence to chart the effect of our sustainability transition on the government, the military, and corporations, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, graduate students, policymakers, and industry professionals.
Government Project
Government Project tells the story of an attempt by theUS government to remake the lives of some of its citizens by establishing a cooperativefarm in Pinal County, Arizona, in 1937. These individuals were among the mostdesperately poor and disadvantaged in the nation. Casa Grande Valley Farms was an elaborate venture that providedthe Americans who volunteered to settle there with housing, work, and theopportunity to earn income. For five years, the farm succeeded. The revenuesfrom the sale of its crops gave the Casa Grande settlers material comfort andwealth far beyond what they had ever possessed. But in the farm's seventh year of operation, the inhabitantsshuttered it and walked away with hardly anything, to the shock and dismay ofthe government officials overseeing it. Government Project explains what went wrong at CasaGrande. In telling this story, it illuminates larger truths about human natureand the limits of governance.
Left Legalism/Left Critique
In recent decades, left political projects in the United States have taken a strong legalistic turn. From affirmative action to protection against sexual harassment, from indigenous peoples' rights to gay marriage, the struggle to eliminate subordination or exclusion and to achieve substantive equality has been waged through courts and legislation. At the same time, critiques of legalism have generally come to be regarded by liberal and left reformers as politically irrelevant at best, politically disunifying and disorienting at worst. This conjunction of a turn toward left legalism with a turn away from critique has hardened an intellectually defensive, brittle, and unreflective left sensibility at a moment when precisely the opposite is needed. Certainly, the left can engage strategically with the law, but if it does not also track the effects of this engagement-effects that often exceed or even redound against its explicit aims-it will unwittingly foster political institutions and doctrines strikingly at odds with its own values.Brown and Halley have assembled essays from diverse contributors-law professors, philosophers, political theorists, and literary critics-united chiefly by their willingness to think critically from the left about left legal projects. The essays themselves vary by topic, by theoretical approach, and by conclusion. While some contributors attempt to rework particular left legal projects, others insist upon abandoning or replacing those projects. Still others leave open the question of what is to be done as they devote their critical attention to understanding what we are doing. Above all, Left Legalism/Left Critique is a rare contemporary argument and model for the intellectually exhilarating and politically enriching dimensions of left critique-dimensions that persist even, and perhaps especially, when critique is unsure of the intellectual and political possibilities it may produce.Contributors: Lauren Berlant, Wendy Brown, Judith Butler, Drucilla Cornell, Richard T. Ford, Katherine M. Franke, Janet Halley, Mark Kelman, David Kennedy, Duncan Kennedy, Gillian Lester, Michael Warner
Perspectives on Local Governance Across Europe
This book focuses on local state-society relations, understood as institutionalised relations between local municipalities across Europe and individual, collective or corporate societal actors. It presents a typology of local state-society relations, and applies this to characterise the most relevant institutionalised relations between local government and societal actors at the municipal level in 22 European countries. The comparative volume will clarify whether or not patterns can be detected in the makeup of different types of networks; whether or not these patterns are country-specific or policy-specific; and why cases exist which are so distinct that they are not subsumable under a certain pattern. Taken together, this book will go beyond national typologies to emphasise the role of agency and innovation in particular policy sectors, providing a major contribution in the study of the local governance of Europe. It will appeal to scholars and students of local governance, public administration, urban planning and European studies.
Subterranean Matters
In Subterranean Matters, Andrea Marston examines the ongoing history of Bolivian mining cooperatives, an economic formation that has been central to Bolivian politics and to the country's economy. Marston outlines how mining cooperatives occupy a contradictory place in Bolivian politics. They were major backers of left-wing president Evo Morales in 2006 and participated significantly in the crafting of the constitution that would declare Bolivia a plurinational state. At the same time, many Bolivians regard mining cooperatives as thieves because they derive personal profits from the subterranean mineral resources that are the legal inheritance of all Bolivians. Through extensive fieldwork underground in Bolivian cooperative mines, Marston explores how these miners-and the subterranean spaces they occupy-embody the tensions at the heart of Bolivia's plurinational project. Marston shows how persistent commitment to nation and nationalism is a shared feature of left-wing and right-wing politics in Bolivia, illustrating how bodies, identities, and resources fit into this complex political matrix.
Social Citizenship in an Age of Welfare Regionalism
This book presents a socio-legal examination of national and devolved-level developments in social protection in the UK, through the eyes of politicians and officials at the heart of this process. Since its inception in 1998, devolution has altered the character of the UK welfare state, with dramatic change in the 10 years since 2010. A decade of austerity at national level has exposed diverging view in how governments in London, Edinburgh and Belfast view the social rights of citizenship. This political divide has implications for both social security law, as the devolved countries begin to flex their muscles in this key area for citizens' economic welfare, and the constitutional settlement. The book reflects on the impact of austerity, the referendum on Scottish independence and subsequent changes to the devolution settlement, Northern Ireland's hesitant moves away from parity with Westminster in social protection, withdrawal from the European Union (Brexit), and the possible retreat from austerity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The social union may or may not be weakening; its character is unquestionably changing, and the book lays bare the ideological and pragmatic considerations driving legal developments. TH Marshall's theory of citizenship provides the lens through which these processes are viewed, while itself being reinterpreted in light of the national government's increasing delegation of responsibility for social rights - whether to individuals, the voluntary sector or lower tiers of government.
Psychoanalytic and Spiritual Perspectives on Terrorism
Nina E. Cerfolio masterfully explores the deeper spiritual and psychoanalytic understanding of the origins of human aggressive and destructive instincts which underlie mass shootings and terrorism.
The Way the Money Goes
The Way the Money Goes traces out what happened to the UK's fiscal constitution - the framework for planning and controlling public spending - under three different governments (Conservative, Labour, Conservative/Liberal Democrat) from the early 1990s to the mid-2010s. The book tells the story of what happened under each government and combines narrative with vignettes that range from the funding of a new Treasury building to efforts to 'crowdsource' ideas for spending cuts. It also includes chapters devoted to different domains of spending control, namely capital spending, spending by subnational governments, running cost expenditure, fiscal forecasting, and the development of new accounting metrics. This book is based on over 120 in-depth interviews of civil servants and ministers who were involved in public spending over the period, as well as documents from the same timeframe. It explores how and why, despite much talk of change and reform in everything from parliamentary procedure to bureaucratic processes, many of the underlying features of the UK's fiscal constitution persisted, including arrangements for formula-funding of the different countries within the union designed as a temporary stopgap in the transition to devolution. To put UK developments into perspective, the book includes a discussion of how the UK system was rated in reports from international bodies over the period, which suggests that in such exercises the more 'political' parts of the fiscal constitution were rated differently from the more 'technocratic' parts. Given several volcanic-type political eruptions in the UK over recent years, the book concludes by exploring some different possible scenarios for the future of its fiscal constitution in the light of those and other possible eruptions to come.
Carbon Capture and Storage in the United Kingdom
This book is a concise but comprehensive guide to the history, present and possible futures of carbon capture and storage policy and action in the United Kingdom.
Repression in the Digital Age
Global adoption of the Internet has exploded, yet we are only beginning to understand the Internet's profound political consequences. Authoritarian states are digitally catching up with their democratic counterparts, and both are showing a growing interest in the use of cyber controls--online censorship and surveillance technologies--that allow governments to exercise control over the Internet. Under what conditions does a digitally connected society actually help states target their enemies? Why do repressive governments sometimes shut down the Internet when faced with uprisings? And how have cyber controls become a dependable tool in the weapons arsenal that states use in civil conflict? In Repression in the Digital Age, Anita R. Gohdes addresses these questions, and provides an original and in-depth look into the relationship between digital technologies and state violence. Drawing on large-scale analyses of fine-grained data on the Syrian conflict, qualitative case evidence from Iran, and the first global comparative analysis on Internet outages and state repression, Gohdes makes the case that digital infrastructure supports security forces in their use of violent state repression. More specifically, she argues that mass access to the Internet presents governments who fear for their political survival with a set of response options. When faced with a political threat, they can either temporarily restrict or block online public access or they can expand mass access to online information and monitor it to their own advantage. Surveillance allows security forces to target opponents of the state more selectively, while extreme forms of censorship or shutdowns of the Internet occur in conjunction with larger and more indiscriminate repression. As digital communication has become a bedrock of modern opposition and protest movements, Repression in the Digital Age breaks new ground in examining state repression in the information age.
Energy, Environment and Geopolitics in Eurasia
This book advances our understanding of security and its intricate interactions with geopolitics and the environment in Eurasia.Norman A. Graham and Şuhnaz Yılmaz focus on Eurasia, where the energy-water-food nexus has emerged as a vital aspect of political economy and increasinglyas a decisive factor for human security. As clearly revealed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, this nexus rests on a precarious balance. Graham and Yilmaz argue that Central Eurasia is currently "Running on Empty" and highlight the key environmental challenges, including water quantity and quality and food security. The authors draw on their extensive fieldwork in countries including Azerbaijan, China, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, Turkey, and Uzbekistan to assess the interests and impact of pivotal actors and evaluate the competition and complementarities of these actors regarding water, energy, food security, and foreign policy imperatives. They also examine the broader interaction and implications of security at multiple levels by analyzing the local, national, and international factors in light of geopolitical and environmental challenges.Taking a novel and highly interdisciplinary approach, this book will be an important resource for students and scholars of energy and food security, political economy, international conflict and cooperation, and natural resource politics.
Pakistan Unveiled
About the book"Pakistan Unveiled: A Study of Dichotomies and Challenges" is a compelling exploration of the dichotomies shaping a pivotal South Asian nation. This insightful compilation peels back layers of complex socio-political fabrics to reveal the inherent paradoxes of progress and struggle within Pakistan. Through a constellation of essays, the book paints a vivid portrait of a country at the crossroads of monumental challenges and untapped potential. It is an essential read for scholars, policymakers, and anyone keen on unravelling the narrative of a nation that continues to rise with resilient hope, despite the paradoxes it embodies. About the authorMakhdoom Shahab-ud-Din is a distinguished figure in the realms of journalism, activism, and political commentary within Pakistan. Renowned for his insightful commentary and fearless approach towards addressing taboo subjects, Shahab-ud-Din has carved a niche for himself in the media landscape of Pakistan. His career encompasses roles as an Anchorperson at leading news channels in the country, where his distinctive perspective and incisive analysis have captivated audiences.One of Shahab-ud-Din's notable contributions lies in his pioneering efforts within digital media journalism in Pakistan. With a substantial following that reaches into the millions, he has leveraged digital platforms to disseminate thought-provoking content and initiate dialogues on critical issues.Academically well-versed in the field of journalism, Shahab-ud-Din holds a Master of Science degree in Digital Journalism from Middlesex University, London. He is also an Erasmus Mundus Journalism Scholar."Pakistan Unveiled: A Study of Dichotomies and Challenges" stands as a testament to Shahab-ud-Din's intellectual prowess and deep understanding of Pakistan's intricate socio-political issues.
Principles of International Energy Transition Law
Energy transition is a complex global problem, with governance and policies cutting across multiple legal silos including human rights, environment, international economics, finance, energy, law of the sea, and transnational commerce. As of yet, there is no comprehensive treatment of the legal principles governing energy transition as a whole. Furthermore, energy transition must solve a trilemma that pits energy equity (the need to provide access to energy needed to fuel human development) and energy security (the need to provide resilient and reliable energy systems) against environmental sustainability. Without a comprehensive understanding of these issues, law and policy-makers risk exacerbating rather than resolving the underlying problems. Principles of International Energy Transition Law introduces the energy transition problem by situating the climate emergency in its broader energy and development context, showing how global energy value chains are deeply enmeshed in and drive global economic and human development. It combines the different legal perspectives in one consistent analysis by outlining their interactions and showing how they can be reconciled. The book discusses thirty-two international legal principles governing different aspects of the energy transition trilemma's three parts. It then uses a commons governance perspective to propose a holistic approach to applying and balancing these different parts and their different legal principles. Highlighted sections summarise the most important concepts and ideas for easy reference, making the title particularly accessible for students and policy-makers as well as law practitioners.
The Problem of Governing
This book provides an appreciation of the work of renowned scholar Richard Rose. Over a career spanning more than six decades, Rose has explored a vast range of subjects related to British, American and comparative politics. His work, however, has always been concerned with an underlying theme: governing modern societies in changing times. Celebrating Rose's career which has shaped postwar political science in decisive ways, this volume examines issues, debates and lines of research stimulated by his work. Chapters are organized thematically under five headings central to his research: parties and elections, political institutions, public policy, governing at multiple levels, and trust and legitimacy. The book demonstrates that politics cannot be reduced to economics, the actions of individuals, predictive science or functional determinism, but has its own logic and modes of justification. It will appeal to scholars and students of politics, public policy and governance.
What This Comedian Said Will Shock You
The hilarious and controversial host of HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher has written his funniest, most opinionated, and most necessary book ever--a brilliantly astute and acerbically funny vivisection of American life, politics, and culture. Some of the smartest commentary about what's happening in America is coming from a comedian--this comedian being Bill Maher. If you want to understand what's wrong with this country, it turns out that one of the best informed and most thought-provoking analysts is this very funny pothead. The book was inspired by the "editorial" Bill delivers at the end of each episode of Real Time. These editorials are direct-to-camera sermons about culture, politics, and what's happening in the world. To put this book together, Maher reviewed more than a decade of his editorials, rewriting, reimagining, and updating them, and adding new material to speak exactly to the moment we're in. Free speech, cops, drugs, race, religion, the generations, cancel culture, the parties, the media, show biz, romance, health--Maher covers it all. The result is a hugely entertaining work of commentary about American culture in the tradition of Mark Twain, Will Rogers, and H. L. Mencken.
Before the Badge
An inside look at how police officers are trained to perpetuate state violence Michael Brown. Philando Castile. George Floyd. Breonna Taylor. As the names of those killed by the police became cemented into public memory, the American public took to the streets in unprecedented numbers to mourn, organize, and demand changes to the current system of policing. In response, police departments across the country committed themselves to change, pledging to hire more women and people of color, incorporate diversity training, and instruct officers to verbally de-escalate interactions with the public. These reform efforts tend to rely on a "bad apple" argument, focusing the nature and scope of the problem on the behavior of specific individuals and rarely considering the broader organizational process that determines who is allowed to patrol the public and how they learn to do their jobs. In Before the Badge, Samantha J. Simon provides a firsthand look into how police officers are selected and trained, describing every stage of the process, including recruitment, classroom instruction, and tactical training. Simon spent a year at police academies participating in the training alongside cadets, giving her a visceral, hands-on understanding of how police training operates. Using rich and detailed examples, she reveals that the process does more than test a cadet's physical or intellectual abilities. Instead, it socializes cadets into a system of state violence. As training progresses, cadets are expected to see themselves as warriors and to view Black and Latino/a members of the public as their enemies. Cadets who cannot or will not uphold this approach end up washing out. In Before the Badge, Simon explains how this training creates a context in which patterns of police violence persist and implores readers to re-envision the future of policing in the United States.
Bioethics and Human Rights
This third edition collection provides a contemporary survey of current international issues in bioethics and human rights for study across social science disciplines. New chapters discuss the reproductive justice in the US, immigration politics and medical duty during pandemics, climate change implications for bioethics, acoustic weaponry technologies, and vaccine politics.Following a consideration of theoretical frameworks, there three units on human rights, life and death, and public health form an in-depth look at contemporary issues in the field of bioethics. Each unit includes cutting edge analyses by international experts and thought-provoking case studies, as well as discussion and essay prompts, and Internet and film resources. Topics range from pediatric genomics, abortion (including the Dobbs decision, medical tourism, human experimentation, climate change, the Havana syndrome, the care of aging family members, truth-telling, vulnerable human subjects, health equity, healthcare in ICE detention facilities, solitary confinement, euthanasia, lethal injections and the harvesting of human organs, pandemic ethics, vaccine controversies, and more.The new, updated, and retained chapters make this book an appealing resource as a primary text, scholarly reference book, or a course supplement. Contributors: Robert Baker, Tom L. Beauchamp, Michael Boylan, Marlene Brant Castellano, Cher Weixia Chen, Zenon Culverhouse, Bernard Gert, S繪ren Holm, Ilhan Ilkilic, Akiko Ito, Rita Manning, Kimberly Mutcherson, Peter F. Omonzejele, Pinit Ratanakul, Alison Dundes Renteln, Maya Sabatello, Udo Sch羹klenk, Edward H. Spence, Bradley P. Stoner, Scott Stonington, Peter Tagore Tan, Wanda Teays, Rosemarie Tong, Carlos Verdugo-Serna, Virginia L. Warren, Cecilia (Lim) Wee
Lips Unsealed
XAI Based Intelligent Systems for Society 5.0 focuses on the development and analysis of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)-based models and intelligent systems that can be utilized for Society 5.0--characterized by a knowledge intensive, data driven, and non-monetary society. The book delves into the issues of transparency, explainability, data fusion, and interpretability, which are significant for the development of a super smart society and are addressed through XAI-based models and techniques. XAI-based deep learning models, fuzzy and hybrid intelligent systems, expert systems, and intrinsic explainable models in the context of Society 5.0 are presented in detail.The book also addresses--using XAI-based intelligent techniques--the privacy issues intrinsic in storing huge amounts of data or information in virtual space. The concept of Responsible AI, which is at the core of the future direction of XAI for Society 5.0, is also explored in this book. Finally, the application areas of XAI, including relevant case studies, are presented in the concluding chapter. This book serves as a valuable resource for graduate/post graduate students, academicians, analysts, computer scientists, engineers, researchers, professionals, and other personnel working in the area of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and intelligent systems, who are interested in creating a people-centric smart society.
The Battle of Priorities
Embark on the Critical Journey: When Decisions Shape Our Environment's DestinyStep into a world where the very fate of our planet hangs in the balance. "The Battle of Priorities: Politics versus The Planet" thrums with the urgency of a crisis that transcends borders, ideologies, and the very fabric of society. This provocative book pierces the heart of the most pressing issue facing humankind today, unveiling the tumultuous relationship between the relentless wheels of politics and the mounting pressures on Earth's environment.Be prepared to confront the facts that define our global climate crisis: the stark statistics that frame our declining planet, the undeniable causes fueling the inferno of change, and the potential consequences that threaten the existence of future generations. Yet, amidst this sobering context, the book dives deeper into the complexities of environmental politics, revealing how legislative battles and biases often overshadow scientific truths and the health of our globe.Rivetingly, explore the intricate interplay of economics and climate policy as the book dissects the affordability of climate policy, the economic impacts of inaction, and the opportunities that could pave a sustainable path forward. Engage in the silent war waged by lobbyists, whose deep pockets and strategic influence can sway climate policy away from the planet's needs to the bottom line of big businesses.Witness through case studies and real-world scenarios, like the contentious Paris Agreement, the high stakes of legislative decisions and international cooperation. "The Battle of Priorities" doesn't just depict a crisis; it offers a lens into the transformative role of public opinion, media, and grassroots movements, arming you with knowledge to become a catalyst for change.Culminating in a powerful and inspiring call to action, this book ignites a spark in every reader, challenging you with a vision where political strategies and environmental imperatives align. For anyone ready to play a part, to step beyond the sidelines and take a stand, "The Battle of Priorities" is your essential guide to understanding and engaging in the fight for the future of our planet.
Budget Alert
Ms. Laurel Theresa Bain, with technical support from Dr. Juliet Melville, Mrs. Gemma Bain-Thomas and Ms. Shanise Hutchinson, produces Budget Alert on economic and fiscal issues in Grenada. The team possesses a wide range of economic, social and administrative knowledge and skills that make Budget Alert Volume II the source of reliable and credible information. The comments and suggestions from the readers are appreciated as these serve to broaden the knowledge base, and to strengthen Budget Alert Volume II as an instrument for sharing knowledge and experience.
Dynamic Sustainability
This book provides new insights into the opportunities, risks, and unintended consequences for the American economy, legacy industries, global multinational corporations, and financial institutions having pledged to transition to a net-zero carbon economy. It places specific emphasis on 'systems analysis', as well as the unprecedented pace needed for our sustainability transition. It examines the implications of organizations purchasing voluntary carbon credits which are not regulated, insured, and often not scientifically validated. It scrutinises how financial markets are driving corporate sustainability while at the same time conservative policymakers seek to ban Environmental Social Governance investments. Golden discusses national security as well as the growing rural-urban divide, seemingly widened by major automotive manufacturers looking to move towards zero-emission electric vehicles. Using empirical evidence to chart the effect of our sustainability transition on the government, the military, and corporations, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, graduate students, policymakers, and industry professionals.
Trade and the Environment
The mushrooming of trade agreements and their interlinkages with environmental governance calls for new research on the trade and environment interface. The more than 700 existing preferential trade agreements (PTAs) include ever more diverse and far-reaching environmental provisions. While missed opportunities remain and harmful provisions persist, numerous environmental provisions in PTAs entail promising potential. They promote the implementation of environmental treaties and cover numerous environmental issues. New concepts, data, and methods, including detailed content analysis across multiple institutions, are needed to explain these interlinkages and understand whether and how PTAs with environmental provisions can contribute to tackling global environmental challenges. Making use of the most extensive coding of environmental provisions in PTAs to date and combining quantitative data with qualitative analyses, this Element provides a comprehensive yet fine-grained picture of the drivers and effects of environmental provisions in PTAs. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Trade and the Environment
The mushrooming of trade agreements and their interlinkages with environmental governance calls for new research on the trade and environment interface. The more than 700 existing preferential trade agreements (PTAs) include ever more diverse and far-reaching environmental provisions. While missed opportunities remain and harmful provisions persist, numerous environmental provisions in PTAs entail promising potential. They promote the implementation of environmental treaties and cover numerous environmental issues. New concepts, data, and methods, including detailed content analysis across multiple institutions, are needed to explain these interlinkages and understand whether and how PTAs with environmental provisions can contribute to tackling global environmental challenges. Making use of the most extensive coding of environmental provisions in PTAs to date and combining quantitative data with qualitative analyses, this Element provides a comprehensive yet fine-grained picture of the drivers and effects of environmental provisions in PTAs. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
The Age of AI
Three of the world's most accomplished and deep thinkers come together to explore Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the way it is transforming human society--and what this technology means for us all. Generative AI is filling the internet with false information. Artists, writers, and many other professionals are in fear of their jobs. AI is discovering new medicines, running military drones, and transforming the world around us--yet we do not understand the decisions it makes, and we don't know how to control them. In The Age of AI, three leading thinkers have come together to consider how AI will change our relationships with knowledge, politics, and the societies in which we live. The Age of AI is an essential roadmap to our present and our future, an era unlike any that has come before.
Great Power Competition
Space power is a core element of great power competition in the 21st century. This Congressional Research Service report provides essential context for readers wanting to understand national government perspectives on international relations.This document discusses the implications of intensified competition between the United States and China and Russia, referred to as great power competition (GPC) or strategic competition, on U.S. defense issues. It highlights various elements that are now at the center of discussions on U.S. defense, including grand strategy, force-planning standards, organizational changes within the Department of Defense, nuclear weapons and deterrence, global military posture, military capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region and Europe, new operational concepts, high-end conventional warfare, maintaining U.S. superiority in conventional weapon technologies, innovation and speed of weapon system development and deployment, mobilization capabilities, supply chain security, and countering hybrid warfare and gray-zone tactics. The document emphasizes that Congress plays a crucial role in determining how U.S. defense planning and budgeting should respond to GPC and whether to approve, reject, or modify the Biden Administration's defense strategy and proposed funding levels. These decisions could have significant implications for U.S. defense capabilities, funding requirements, and the defense industrial base. The document also discusses the concept of Great Power Competition (GPC) and its implications for defense. It highlights the acknowledgment of GPC in the strategies of the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations. The Biden Administration's National Security Strategy (NSS) identifies two strategic challenges: the end of the post-Cold War era and the competition between major powers, and the shared challenges faced by people worldwide. The NSS emphasizes the increasing risk of conflict between major powers and the challenges posed by China and Russia's behavior. It mentions Russia's immediate threat to the international order and Ukraine, while China seeks to reshape the international order and create a world conducive to its autocracy. The document also emphasizes the need for the United States to modernize and strengthen its military to compete with major powers and address shared challenges.This annotated edition illustrates the capabilities of the AI Lab for Book-Lovers to add context and ease-of-use to manuscripts. It includes five types of abstracts, building from simplest to more complex: TLDR (one word), ELI5, TLDR (vanilla), Scientific Style, and Action Items; three essays to increase viewpoint diversity: Grounds for Dissent; Red Team Critique; and MAGA Perspective; Notable Passages and Nutshell Summaries for each page; and specially commissioned essays by the Space Sentinel GPT to provide insight on the implications of this report for Space Force and for enlisted Guardians in particular.
Hate Speech and Political Violence
How did the United States descend into crisis, with institutions frayed, political violence mounting, and democracy itself in peril? This timely book identifies how the Tea Party and its extremist narratives laid the groundwork for the rise of Donald Trump, his MAGA movement, and the January 6, 2021, assault on the Capitol. Brigitte L. Nacos, Yaeli Bloch-Elkon, and Robert Y. Shapiro trace the escalation of a strain of extremist rhetoric in right-wing political discourse after the inauguration of Barack Obama. Drawing on extensive and in-depth analysis of political communication in both traditional media and online spaces, they demonstrate how the dominant rhetorical styles of the Trump era were pioneered by the Tea Party. A backlash to the election of the first Black president, this reactionary social movement deployed violent language and spread anti-Obama paranoia, with the assistance of media insiders, GOP leaders, and conservative advocacy groups. Donald Trump rose to political prominence by hitching himself to the "birther" racist conspiracy theory, espoused by many Tea Partiers, and drew from their aggressive and hyperpartisan repertoire. Ultimately, this book shows, the increasingly violent rhetoric of right-wing extremists spilled over into real-world political violence. Revealing the path the Tea Party blazed to Trump and the insurrectionists, Hate Speech and Political Violence provides timely new insights into the threats facing American democracy.
Comparing Network Governance in England and China
This book compares network governance practices and public service delivery in England and China. Adopting a political ethnographic approach, it assesses whether networked forms of governance are used in provision of care for the elderly and those with learning disabilities in the two countries. It also examines several concepts from network governance theory - including interdependence and resource exchange, trust and reciprocity, and diplomatic skills - in the context of English and Chinese local state engagement with NGOs providing and managing care. Perhaps surprisingly, the book argues that there are more similarities than differences in network governance practices in England and China. It will appeal to all those interested in network governance theory, public administration and comparative politics.
Buy American
"[An] eloquent, lucid history of Buy American campaigns." --Robin D. G. Kelley With the election of Donald Trump, economic nationalism has re-emerged as a patriotic rallying cry. But are imports and "foreigners" really to blame for the disappearance of good jobs in the United States? Tracing the history and politics of economic nationalism from the American Revolution to the present, historian Dana Frank investigates the long history of "Buy American" campaigns and their complexities. This entertaining story is full of surprises, including misguided heroes, chilling racism, and more than a few charlatans. Frank helps reframe the debate between free trade, on the one hand, and nationalism on the other, to suggest alternative strategies that would serve the needs of working Americans--instead of the interests of corporations and economic elites--and that don't cast "foreigners" or immigrants as our "enemies."
Singapore Ageing: Issues and Challenges Ahead
Ageing is a part of life that all Singaporeans must face and, in fact, all families will have next of kins who will undergo that life stage. Singapore Ageing assembles a team of researchers, administrators, practitioners, advocates and academics from varied social service and care sectors, to share their thoughts, concerns and future challenges faced by an ageing Singapore in different arenas.With the Singapore demography showing a greying trend, it is increasingly vital for the government and the social, health and economic sectors to meet the needs of an ageing nation. The appropriate services and support have to be in place to respond to the issues faced by seniors. This edited volume serves as a useful resource for those who are working or researching in the field of ageing.
Hate Speech and Political Violence
How did the United States descend into crisis, with institutions frayed, political violence mounting, and democracy itself in peril? This timely book identifies how the Tea Party and its extremist narratives laid the groundwork for the rise of Donald Trump, his MAGA movement, and the January 6, 2021, assault on the Capitol. Brigitte L. Nacos, Yaeli Bloch-Elkon, and Robert Y. Shapiro trace the escalation of a strain of extremist rhetoric in right-wing political discourse after the inauguration of Barack Obama. Drawing on extensive and in-depth analysis of political communication in both traditional media and online spaces, they demonstrate how the dominant rhetorical styles of the Trump era were pioneered by the Tea Party. A backlash to the election of the first Black president, this reactionary social movement deployed violent language and spread anti-Obama paranoia, with the assistance of media insiders, GOP leaders, and conservative advocacy groups. Donald Trump rose to political prominence by hitching himself to the "birther" racist conspiracy theory, espoused by many Tea Partiers, and drew from their aggressive and hyperpartisan repertoire. Ultimately, this book shows, the increasingly violent rhetoric of right-wing extremists spilled over into real-world political violence. Revealing the path the Tea Party blazed to Trump and the insurrectionists, Hate Speech and Political Violence provides timely new insights into the threats facing American democracy.
Unsustainable
A behind-the-scenes look at how corporate and financial actors enforce a business-friendly approach to global sustainability In recent years, companies have felt the pressure to be transparent about their environmental impact. Large documents containing summaries of yearly emissions rates, carbon output, and utilized resources are shared on companies' social media pages, websites, and employee briefings in a bid for public confidence in corporate responsibility. And yet, Matthew Archer argues, these metrics are often just hollow symbols. Unsustainable contends with the world of big banks and multinational corporations, where sustainability begins and ends with measuring and reporting. Drawing on five years of research among sustainability professionals in the US and Europe, Unsustainable shows how this depoliticizing tendency to frame sustainability as a technical issue enhances and obscures corporate power while doing little, if anything, to address the root causes of the climate crisis and issues of social inequality. Through this obsession with metrics and indicators, the adage that you can't manage what you can't measure transforms into a belief that once you've measured social and environmental impacts, the market will simply manage them for you. The book draws on diverse sources of evidence--ethnographic fieldwork among a wide array of sustainability professionals, interviews with private bankers, and apocalyptic science fiction--and features analyses of name-brand companies including Volkswagen, Unilever, and Nestl矇. Making the case for the limits of measuring and reporting, Archer seeks to mobilize alternative approaches. Through an intersectional lens incorporating Black and Indigenous theories of knowledge, power and value, he offers a vision of sustainability that aims to be more effective and more socially and ecologically just.
Democratic Policy Implementation in an Ambiguous World
The hard part of government is not passing new laws but implementing those laws. Implementation is where high-minded ideas are pushed and prodded into the chaos that is the real world. Often, this leads to unintended consequences as ideas are transformed into actions. For better or worse, policy implementation occurs within organized anarchies marred by ambiguity where who pays attention to what and when is the most important determinant of outcomes. While the new law serves as a cue, implementers must figure out how to make it functional in the best way possible and how to institutionalize it to establish new norms that endure. In unpacking an argument of how and why patterns of policy implementation manifest as they do, Luke Fowler takes the reader through a journey of how policymakers, organizations, and entrepreneurs shape the way implementers understand policies and translate them into action under ambiguous circumstances. The result is a complex picture of why some policies work in practice and others do not.
Forced Out
2024 Outstanding Academic Title, given by Choice Reviews Features the stories of undocumented mothers who reunite with their children in the US years after fleeing violence at home Facing escalating chaos and violence in their home countries, many Central American mothers have found that a desperate flight to the north was their only choice. Many left their children behind in order to spare them the hardships of the journey. If they made it across the border without getting locked up or deported, they entered a country increasingly unwilling to recognize claims of asylum. This book features the stories of women who crossed the border without encountering immigration authorities, in some cases several times, and settled in the greater Washington, DC, area, living in the shadows for years. By centering on the voices of the women themselves, it offers an intimate look at what drove them from home and the challenges they face in reuniting years later with their children. Forced Out traces the women's evolving attitudes toward the violence embedded in institutions and everyday life in their home countries, as well as their continued vulnerability and dependence in the US. It also highlights the challenges they face in parenting children adapting to American society and learning English while living with mothers who had left them years before and become strangers to them. Rather than sensationalizing their trauma or dwelling on their vulnerability, the stories reveal the women's rich, complex inner lives, their resilience in overcoming senseless violence, and their unswerving commitment to bettering their children's lives. Clear, vivid, and impactful, this is a humbling and humane look at the state of migration to America today.
