Diplomatic Methods
This comprehensive volume examines developments in diplomatic technique and changes in the diplomatic and political structures which shape, and are shaped, by international relations and the international order.It provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the theory, practice and utility of diplomacy showing how diplomatic techniques are used in different contexts and the various tools that are available to policy actors to provide a broad yet deep view of the subject area. Organised around a framework of 11 chapters, the book embraces new ideas and fresh perspectives exploring individual methods such as reorientation, replacement institutions to combat decline or ineffectiveness of existing arrangements, summit conferences, contrasting approaches to economic agreements, and use of secret diplomatic methods, among others. Furthermore, it develops new concepts such as logistics diplomacy, counter diplomacy, parallel diplomacy and the "alternative architecture", and is widely illustrated with detailed examples including the diplomacy of geopolitics, the conflict over rules for plastics, marine resource disputes, dark trade and sanctions, and influence and strategic surprise.This textbook will be essential reading for all those interested in or studying in the fields of diplomacy, comparative foreign policy, foreign policy analysis, and more broadly, to international relations.
Navigating Uncertainty
In Navigating Uncertainty: The Future of Global Governance and Influence, Dr Hichem Karoui embarks on an ambitious journey through the tangled web of modern geopolitics and international relations. This exploration unfurls in an epoch underscored by relentless change and unpredictability, revealing how our world is being reshaped at an unprecedented speed. The text serves as a compelling tapestry, weaving together threads of rising nationalism, shifting alliances, and the ascent of emerging powers, painting a vivid portrait of the current landscape.Diving deep into this intricate milieu, the author presents a series of thought-provoking chapters dissecting traditional governance frameworks' crumbling pillars. He probes into the profound impacts of technological breakthroughs, environmental crises, and vibrant social movements redefining global governance's essence. It is here, amidst this transformative chaos, that the implications for multilateral institutions become starkly apparent. The author analyzes these dynamics and reflects on bold, innovative strategies to cultivate cooperation amid a world that increasingly resembles a fragmented mosaic.As nations wrestle with the weighty complexities of interdependence, Navigating Uncertainty emerges as a timely and vital beacon. It deftly scrutinizes pathways for wielding influence in global policymaking - all while championing the imperative of sustainable development. This essential read is an indispensable resource for policymakers, academics, and passionate citizens alike, furnishing them with the crucial insights and tools necessary to traverse the labyrinth of our interconnected future.In conclusion, within this rich discourse landscape, the text offers not just analysis but a clarion call for adaptability and resilience in the face of uncertainty. It urges all stakeholders to engage with the shifting dynamics of influence, armed with a nuanced understanding of the complexities at play. As we chart our course forward, the lessons gleaned from this work will undoubtedly resonate, shaping the contours of global governance for years to come.
Political Geography
This textbook on political geography is devoted to a discipline concerned with the spatial dimensions of politics. This course is an introduction to the study of political science, international relations and area studies, providing a systemic approach to the spatial dimension of political processes at all levels. It covers their basic elements, including states, supranational unions, geopolitical systems, regions, borders, capitals, dependent, and internationally administered territories. Political geography develops fundamental theoretical approaches that give insight into the peculiarities of foreign and domestic policies. The ability to use spatial analysis techniques allows determining patterns and regularities of political phenomena both at the global and the regional and local levels. "The Ultimate Handbook of Political Geography." Gerard Toal, Journal of International Analytics"The breadth of this book is its strength, and it makes it a valuable reference source." Nick Megoran, Political Geography"The book is synoptic and encyclopedic."　John Pickles,　Journal of the Bulgarian Geographical Society
Strong Commanders, Weak States
In Strong Commanders, Weak States, Philip A. Martin investigates a fundamental political challenge faced by post-conflict states: how to create obedient national militaries from the remnants of insurgent forces. When civil wars end, non-state armed groups often integrate into post-conflict militaries. Yet rebel-military integration does not always happen smoothly. In some cases, former rebels cooperate with new leaders, forming powerful national armies that underpin postwar stability. In others, they resist the authority of new leaders, maintaining clandestine armed networks that disrupt centralized state-building. Martin argues that how field commanders of non-state armed groups governed during the war explains this variation. Rebel commanders who build accountable governance systems gain strong social support from rebel-ruled communities, becoming locally embedded. Thanks to these community ties, which persist after the war, these embedded commanders have the leverage to push the central government for concessions, resist directives to disarm fighters, or even orchestrate coup d'矇tats. Conversely, rebel commanders who governed coercively are less likely to sustain community ties. Without the ability to mobilize collective action after the war, these non-embedded commanders have stronger incentives to cooperate with new regime leaders. Wielding in-depth evidence from C繫te d'Ivoire and cases of rebel-military integration elsewhere, Martin shows that good governance during wartime can--ironically--lead to poor postwar state consolidation. Rather than preparing insurgents to be successful state builders, effective rebel governance can hinder post-conflict state-building. As costly peace operations come under increasing scrutiny, Strong Commanders, Weak States offers fresh guidance on how transitions to peace can better succeed.
The Financial Statecraft of Borrowers
As China rises to prominence as a global lender, what impact does this have on borrowing countries? In a context of deepening global financial integration and rising powers, this book examines how developing countries, specifically in sub-Saharan Africa, can use borrowing relationship to their advantage. Alexandra O. Zeitz reveals how these countries, once reliant on traditional donors, may now leverage Chinese loans and international sovereign bonds to enhance their bargaining power in aid negotiations - a strategy she terms the "financial statecraft of borrowers." Grounded in extensive interviews with senior officials from recipient countries and donor agencies in Ethiopia, Ghana, and Kenya, and complemented by statistical analysis of aid agreements, The Financial Statecraft of Borrowers offers a comprehensive understanding of how aid relationships are changing along with the shifting landscape of international finance.
Ethnos of the Earth
By constructing the first transnational and interlingual conceptual history of ethnicity, Ethnos of the Earth reveals the pivotal role this concept played in the making of the international order. Rather than being a primordial or natural phenomenon, ethnicity is a contingent product of the twentieth-century transition from a world of empires to a world of nation-states. As nineteenth-century concepts such as 'race' and 'civilisation' were repurposed for twentieth-century ends, ethnicity emerged as a 'filler' category that was plugged into the gaps created in our conceptual organisation of the world. Through this comprehensive conceptual reshuffling, the governance of human cultural diversity was recast as an essentially domestic matter, while global racial and civilisational hierarchies were pushed out of sight. A massive amount of conceptual labour has gone into the 'flattening' of the global sociopolitical order, and the concept of ethnicity has been at the very heart of this endeavour.
Guilt by Location
Population displacement is a devastating feature of contemporary conflict with far-reaching political and humanitarian consequences. This book demonstrates the extent to which displacement is a deliberate strategy of war, not just a consequence of it. Moving beyond instances of ethnic cleansing, Adam Lichtenheld draws on field research in Uganda and Syria; case studies from Burundi, Indonesia, and Vietnam; and an original dataset of strategic displacement in 166 civil wars to show that armed groups often uproot civilians to sort the targeted population, not to get rid of it. When lacking information about opponents' identities and civilians' loyalties, combatants use human mobility to infer wartime affiliations through 'guilt by location'. Different displacement strategies occur in different types of civil wars, with some relying on spatial profiling, rather than ethnic profiling. As displacement reaches record highs, Lichtenheld's findings have important implications for the study of forced migration and policy responses to it.
Family, Sex, and Faith
Family, Sex, and Faith is the first systematic examination of what the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) teaches and how believers respond to its messages regarding issues such as marriage, divorce, contraception, abortion, husband-wife relations, and LGBTQIA+ rights. According to P疇l Kolst繪, for the ROC, the ethics of private life involve what Michel Foucault called "biopolitics" the state regulates the sex lives of its citizens to control the development of the population.Family, Sex, and Faith offers a systematic analysis of aspects of the moral theology of the ROC, discussing the means and strategies it employs to achieve its goals, to counter resistance, and to emerge victorious from the battles in which it is embroiled. Although the constitution defines Russia as a secular state, the ROC has achieved a privileged position in society, functioning as a major provider of ideology and legitimacy for the Putin regime.
Ethnos of the Earth
By constructing the first transnational and interlingual conceptual history of ethnicity, Ethnos of the Earth reveals the pivotal role this concept played in the making of the international order. Rather than being a primordial or natural phenomenon, ethnicity is a contingent product of the twentieth-century transition from a world of empires to a world of nation-states. As nineteenth-century concepts such as 'race' and 'civilisation' were repurposed for twentieth-century ends, ethnicity emerged as a 'filler' category that was plugged into the gaps created in our conceptual organisation of the world. Through this comprehensive conceptual reshuffling, the governance of human cultural diversity was recast as an essentially domestic matter, while global racial and civilisational hierarchies were pushed out of sight. A massive amount of conceptual labour has gone into the 'flattening' of the global sociopolitical order, and the concept of ethnicity has been at the very heart of this endeavour.
Guilt by Location
Population displacement is a devastating feature of contemporary conflict with far-reaching political and humanitarian consequences. This book demonstrates the extent to which displacement is a deliberate strategy of war, not just a consequence of it. Moving beyond instances of ethnic cleansing, Adam Lichtenheld draws on field research in Uganda and Syria; case studies from Burundi, Indonesia, and Vietnam; and an original dataset of strategic displacement in 166 civil wars to show that armed groups often uproot civilians to sort the targeted population, not to get rid of it. When lacking information about opponents' identities and civilians' loyalties, combatants use human mobility to infer wartime affiliations through 'guilt by location'. Different displacement strategies occur in different types of civil wars, with some relying on spatial profiling, rather than ethnic profiling. As displacement reaches record highs, Lichtenheld's findings have important implications for the study of forced migration and policy responses to it.
The Political Logic of Cultural Revival
Since 2008, prominent members of the Lhomwe ethnic group - a large but politically marginalized community in Malawi - have waged an aggressive campaign to revive their lost cultural heritage, including their language, names, foods, and dances. Existing research has linked such processes of "inventing tradition" to the strategic actions of political elites who benefit from mobilizing members of marginalized ethnic communities for political ends. Yet, because existing research has focused primarily on elite incentives, we know less about how such elite-led efforts translate into lasting cultural change and active political support among regular people. The Political Logic of Cultural Revival, through an in-depth study of the Lhomwe revival, argues that political elites invest in such revivals when doing so will bear political returns via increased ethnic visibility. Ethnopolitical leaders benefit from having the identity of their group members easily visible to others, because such visibility ties those individuals' fate to that of the larger group. Elite-led cultural revivals serve as a powerful tool for reifying distinctive group characteristics and incentivizing the adoption of related ethnic markers by (1) engendering demand for cultural distinctiveness by stoking group-based pride and (2) supplying the means to achieve it through explicit cultural instruction. Using a plethora of original data sources, The Political Logic of Cultural Revival provides a deep description of the (re)invention of a lost culture, as well as a general theory about how ethnic visibility is related to the practice of ethnic politics. Oxford Studies in African Politics and International Relations is a series for scholars and students working on African politics and International Relations and related disciplines. Volumes concentrate on contemporary developments in African political science, political economy, and International Relations, such as electoral politics, democratization, decentralization, gender and political representation, the political impact of natural resources, the dynamics and consequences of conflict, comparative political thought, and the nature of the continent's engagement with the East and West. Comparative and mixed methods work is particularly encouraged, as is interdisciplinary research and work that considers ethical issues relating to the study of Africa. Case studies are welcomed but should demonstrate the broader theoretical and empirical implications of the study and its wider relevance to contemporary debates. The focus of the series is on sub-Saharan Africa, although proposals that explain how the region engages with North Africa and other parts of the world are of interest. Series Editors: Nic Cheeseman (University of Birmingham), Peace Medie (University of Bristol), and Ricardo Soares de Oliveira (University of Oxford).
The Financial Statecraft of Borrowers
As China rises to prominence as a global lender, what impact does this have on borrowing countries? In a context of deepening global financial integration and rising powers, this book examines how developing countries, specifically in sub-Saharan Africa, can use borrowing relationship to their advantage. Alexandra O. Zeitz reveals how these countries, once reliant on traditional donors, may now leverage Chinese loans and international sovereign bonds to enhance their bargaining power in aid negotiations - a strategy she terms the "financial statecraft of borrowers." Grounded in extensive interviews with senior officials from recipient countries and donor agencies in Ethiopia, Ghana, and Kenya, and complemented by statistical analysis of aid agreements, The Financial Statecraft of Borrowers offers a comprehensive understanding of how aid relationships are changing along with the shifting landscape of international finance.
The Baltics in a Changing Europe
This edited volume brings together a series of papers on various facets of the three Baltic countries, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania which have not attracted much intellectual attention outside Europe, especially in South Asia. The countries regained independence in 1991 following the disintegration of the Soviet Union. They sought to secure themselves by joining the EU, NATO and the Eurozone. They are robust democracies registering steady economic growth with improved living standards and are leading hubs in the field of Information Technology. However, for these small states bordering Russia the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war brings existential fears. This volume analyses how these states with substantial number of Russian minorities are recalibrating their policies in this changing geopolitical landscape of an assertive and aggressive Russia. It provides an in-depth understanding of the Baltic countries focusing on their security concerns, regional cooperation, gender and minority issues and bi-lateral relations with emerging powers China and India. The volume would be of immense value to scholars of International Relations, academics, journalists, researchers and policy makers.
Public Administration in the 21st Century
Public Administration has experienced a fundamental rethinking of its basic objectives, concepts, and theories during the 21st century.This book examines transformations happening in global societies, the economy, and in politics, to trace the trajectory of public administration as an academic discipline, as well as being a focus of social science research. It presents a reassessment of governance in heterogeneous developing countries that goes beyond the traditional Weberian bureaucratic model, toward new models of organization and management informed by their legal, constitutional, economic, and political needs, aspirations, and ground realities. This is especially important in relation to the marginalized sections of society that primarily rely on citizen entitlements through public service delivery systems. The author looks at widening the range and scope of public administrative agencies with the gradual cooperation of multiple actors, such as civil society, people at large, and even the private sector, in a partnering role. The author revisits the discipline to tackle intellectual dilemmas that current governance theories and practices are confronting or will have to confront in future administrative situations in the context of developing countries of the South.In the second edition, the volume brings into focus lessons on policy and governance learnt from the Global South in building administrative capacities in post-Covid-19 times. An essential read on the mandates and challenges for the state regarding the rising South, this book will be indispensable to scholars and researchers of politics, especially governance and public policy, sociology, and development studies. It will also be of interest to bureaucrats, NGOs, and government officials.
Britain and the Responsibility to Protect: Legacies from Sierra Leone
Over the last two decades the frequency of humanitarian interventions in Africa has increased. The British military intervention in the Sierra Leonean civil war in the early 2000s is often cited as an example of successful intervention and solidified Security Sector Reform (SSR) as a key component of state-building and development. Yet in-depth analysis of the long-term legacies of this 'successful' intervention are sparse and there remains a notable dearth in research exploring the British involvement from the perspectives of those directly affected. This book provides a novel outlook by exploring micro-level experiences, thus addressing this lacuna through examining the legacies within Sierra Leone and in British foreign policy from an experiential perspective. The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) is used as a framework to draw out implications for global intervention practice, as arguably R2P must also be accompanied by a responsibility to fully understand the legacy of this social phenomenon. By exploring the link between official narratives and the perspectives of those on the ground, a disconnect is exposed and important nuances are identified within the interpretation of the success of the British intervention. Through a critical analysis of these experiences significant questions are raised regarding the dynamics between intervening forces and the affected population; perceptions of legitimacy; accountability; and the implications for R2P more broadly.
Predicting Insider Espionage -- A Five-Factor Model
Insider espionage has destabilized governments, jeopardized national security and critical infrastructures, diminished the economic strength of nations, and cost lives. Deterrence and detection - the two methods most used to combat this threat - often prove ineffective. The author, therefore, suggests placing more emphasis on prediction. This book is based on a four-year research project in which the author studied hundreds of cases of insider espionage in the government and private sectors across various countries. The project led to the development of the author's Five-Factor Model of Insider Espionage, which he validated through multiple case analyses and a cross-case synthesis. This model aims to provide a framework to predict and thus mitigate the risks associated with insider espionage. The book will familiarize readers with the model and the underlying concepts.
Gender and Global Restructurings
In the new edition of this bestselling text and scholarly reference, new and revised chapters reflect shifts in the gendered, classed, racialized and sexualized nature of ongoing global restructurings.Through fresh intersectional feminist analyses of widening health, climate, care, inequality, democracy and knowledge crises since the Great Financial Crisis and the deepening of many forms of capitalism, this volume stresses the complexities of multiple restructurings which demand new ways to think across sightings, sites and resistances. Some of each of these elements are in every chapter, which take the reader to different sightings, such as of neoliberalizations, neoauthoritarianizations, multipolarizations, financializations and migrations. They also bring into view different geographic sites, such as Hong Kong, sub-Saharan and North Africa, Canada, Mexico, Bangladesh and the trade blocs of the European Union and the BRICs, and different nongeographic sites such as productive and reproductive economies and the virtual economy of finance and digitalization. They further highlight different forms of women's and feminist resistance, such as local and national labor organizing, regional and multipolar organizing, reimagining infrastructure design and broadening noncapitalist community and solidarity economies. Many chapters critique problematic constructions of women's empowerment, and all challenge the machinations of neoliberal capital that undermine most women, marginalized peoples and the planet.Providing a coherent and challenging approach to contemporary gendered globalization, better understood as global restructurings, since the last edition over a decade ago, Gender and Global Restructurings will be of interest to students and scholars of international political economy, international relations, economics, development and gender studies.
Global Politics
Global Politics: A New Introduction engages directly with questions that those coming to the study of world politics bring with them. From that innovative starting point, it explores key issues through a critical and inquiring perspective, presenting theoretical ideas and concepts in conjunction with a global range of historical and contemporary case studies.Revised and updated throughout, the fourth edition offers examples engaging with the latest developments in global politics: the climate crisis and anthropocentrism, Indigenous experiences and thinking, racism and the rise of xenophobia, artificial intelligence, citizen journalism, global health and pandemic response and drone warfare.Global Politics: - examines most significant issues in global politics - poverty, development, colonialism, human rights, gender, inequality, race, war, peacebuilding, security, violence, nationalism, authority and what we can do to change the world;- offers chapters written to a common structure ideal for teaching and learning and features a key question, an illustrative example, general responses and broader issues;- integrates theory and practice throughout the text, drawing on international relations, political theory, postcolonial studies, sociology, geography, peace studies and development.This exciting, up-to-date and ground-breaking textbook is essential reading for all those concerned about global politics.
Ideology and Meaning-Making Under the Putin Regime
Much has been written to try to understand the ideological characteristics of the current Russian government, as well as what is happening inside the mind of Vladimir Putin. Refusing pundits' clich矇s that depict the Russian regime as either a cynical kleptocracy or the product of Putin's grand Machiavellian designs, Ideology and Meaning-Making under the Putin Regime offers a critical genealogy of ideology in Russia today. Marlene Laruelle provides an innovative, multi-method analysis of the Russian regime's ideological production process and the ways it is operationalized in both domestic and foreign policies. Ideology and Meaning-Making under the Putin Regime reclaims the study of ideology as an unavoidable component of the tools we use to render the world intelligible and represents a significant contribution to the scholarly debate on the interaction between ideas and policy decisions. By placing the current Russian regime into a broader context of different strains of strategic culture, ideological interest groups, and intellectual history, this book gives readers key insights into how the Russo-Ukrainian War became possible and the role ideology played in enabling it.
EU Foreign Policy Towards Latin America
The second edition of EU Foreign Policy Toward Latin America systematically examines the main aspects of the EU-Latin America relationship. The chapters provide an in-depth analysis of the long-term trends in the EU's relationship with Latin America as a region, sub-regions, and individual countries. Students and practitioners interested in interregional studies, Latin America, and EU external relations will find this an invaluable resource to examine past interactions within the Euro-Latin American space. The book advances the concept of liberal partnerships, EU capacity building, and modular interregionalism, reflecting the convergence of strategic priorities, multiple narratives, and asymmetrical relations. Under one framework of analysis, the book explains why the EU and Latin America have developed a variety of institutional mechanisms of cooperation, ranging from bilateral association agreements to regional trade negotiations.
Sustainable Democratic Governance In Nigeria
Democratic governance means exercising state power with the people's consent. Also, democratic governance gives every citizen a say in how decisions are made in their state affairs. For any democratic governance to be good and sustainable, it must have the characteristics of accountability and transparency. Meanwhile, the political system of Nigeria was developed to manage social diversity in a political economy based on oil natural resources. Nigeria's political structures were built on the politics of managing diversity and allocating resources among the regions. The country's federal system has created tension between how much power is worked from the center and how much gets to the constituent states and local governments. This book, therefore, considered how Nigeria's democratic governance can be sustained since all attributes of good governance are largely non-existent. Nigeria's governance has been embedded with corruption, bad governance/leadership, non-transparency, poor conduction of elections, and so on. It is on this note that this book gives some suggestions on how governance can be people-oriented and how they can enjoy the dividends of democracy.
War and Data on Armed Conflicts
This book is the first to provide a comprehensive examination of the entities responsible for the production of data on armed conflicts (DAC), the processes by which it is generated, and the international norms that govern it. While numerous studies have focused on the statistical aspects of armed conflicts, this book distinguishes itself through its historical analysis of the relationship between actors, data generation methods, and international norms. The book begins with an examination of the nature of data in international politics. The vast scale of the subjects being analyzed presents significant challenges to accurately measuring international political data, with war being particularly difficult to assess. This raises the question of how DAC has been structured and generated. The book highlights the existence of specific international norms as a basis for DAC. It explores the history of international norms for the protection of war dead in collecting casualty information, as well as norms for civilian protection. The book posits that DAC has been generated not only by sovereign states but also by global networks comprising international organizations and NGOs. It thus analyzes the historical development of such global networks. In the latter part of the book, the methods by which global networks generate DAC are analyzed. First, it clarifies when and how statistical analysis has been used in generating DAC. Second, it elucidates when and how forensic analysis, primarily of corpses, has been employed. Thirdly, the book reveals when and how chemical weapons analysis has been utilized. This book offers a valuable investigation into the generative structure of DAC and mechanisms for ensuring compliance with international humanitarian law. It will appeal to a broad audience of policymakers, human rights activists, humanitarian practitioners, and academics.
Teaching Political Science and International Relations for Early Career Instructors
In doctoral programs, graduate students are often encouraged to prioritize their research over teaching. This leads many early career scholars to identify primarily with the role of researcher. This edited collection introduces the term "early career instructor" (ECI) as a novel concept in understanding the experience of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, early tenure-track, contingent faculty, and other scholars early in their teaching careers. Including a diverse array of authors, this volume brings together essays on ECI experiences in different institutional and national contexts as well as reflections on current practices for ECI support and mentorship. At a higher level, this volume is also a call-to-action to recognize the importance of teaching in the early career stage.
The Security Dimensions of the Syrian Civil War
Syria's bloody civil war has plunged the cradle of the Levant into a painful spiral of violence. This spiral of violence has caused profound social, political, economic, and strategic changes in Syria. But the effects of the civil war are not limited to Syria. The civil war in Syria has become a direct problem not only for Syria but also for T羹rkiye, Iraq, Lebanon, and Jordan. However, most observers agree that of all Syria's neighbors, T羹rkiye has been the most affected by the civil war.When one thinks of T羹rkiye and Syria together in recent years, two concepts come to mind most often: Military operations and migration. However, conflicts in Syria have been perceived in a broader security paradigm in T羹rkiye.The main topics of the book can be summarized as follows: Border issues, sovereignty disputes, alliances, and military interventions in T羹rkiye-Syria relations. The effects of the civil war in Syria on T羹rkiye's foreign policy, economy, social structure, and internal security. Reflections of the civil war on T羹rkiye's relations with Iran, the US, and Russia. Increasing separatist and radical Salafist terrorism in T羹rkiye in line with the spillover effect of civil wars. Cross-border operations and T羹rkiye's military capacity. The problem of migration. Within the framework of the topics addressed, the book provides a comprehensive reading of the security problems caused by the Syrian Civil War on T羹rkiye. We believe that this book will shed light on why T羹rkiye perceives what is happening in Syria from a security perspective. In fact, the main idea of the book is simple: Syria has been a security issue for T羹rkiye since the 1930s, and it is still a security issue now. After approximately 100 years, the main idea has not changed. The only thing that has changed is how security is defined.
Inadvertent Expansion
In Inadvertent Expansion, Nicholas D. Anderson investigates a surprisingly common yet overlooked phenomenon in the history of great power politics: territorial expansion that was neither intended nor initially authorized by state leaders. Territorial expansion is typically understood as a centrally driven and often strategic activity. But as Anderson shows, nearly a quarter of great power coercive territorial acquisitions since the nineteenth century have in fact been instances of what he calls "inadvertent expansion." A two-step process, inadvertent expansion first involves agents on the periphery of a state or empire acquiring territory without the authorization or knowledge of higher-ups. Leaders in the capital must then decide whether to accept or reject the already-acquired territory.Through cases ranging from those of the United States in Florida and Texas to Japan in Manchuria and Germany in East Africa, Anderson shows that inadvertent expansion is rooted in a principal-agent problem. When leaders in the capital fail to exert or have limited control over their agents on the periphery, unauthorized efforts to take territory are more likely to occur. Yet it is only when the geopolitical risks associated with keeping the acquired territory are perceived to be low that leaders are more likely to accept such expansion. Accentuating the influence of small, seemingly insignificant actors over the foreign policy behavior of powerful states, Inadvertent Expansion offers new insights into how the boundaries of states and empires came to be and captures timeless dynamics between state leaders and their peripheral agents.
Teaching Public Administration with Pop Culture
This book offers faculty teaching in public administration and public affairs programs a playbook for using popular culture as a pedagogical tool in the classroom.Authors Erin L. Borry and Peter A. Jones build a pedagogical framework, detailing the richness and range of media through which pop culture can be accessed, and demonstrate how best to integrate different forms of pop culture to achieve various learning goals. The breadth of content available and practical applicability to the public administration degree offer many opportunities to incorporate pop culture into the curriculum, including introductory courses in public administration and public service, as well as more advanced budgeting, statistics, ethics, social equity, and open government courses, to name a few. This book offers some examples of pop culture that instructors can readily adapt for use in their own courses, as well as sample assignments and various types of group work, including simulations.Teaching Public Administration with Pop Culture will be of enormous benefit to instructors of public affairs undergraduate and graduate students, as well as to those teaching in the areas of political science, civics, social studies, and government in higher and K-12 education settings.
India and Southeast Asia in a Changing World
This book presents a comprehensive analysis of India's relationship with the Southeast Asian nations in the context of the changing dynamics of international relations and the emergence of Indo-Pacific as the theatre of world politics. It covers a wide range of themes, from strategic to political, economic, diplomatic and security aspects, and assesses how India's redefining of its role in world politics unfolds through its posture towards the Southeast Asian region.The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of Asian studies, both South Asian and Southeast Asian studies, and politics and international relations. It will also be useful for public policy analysts and think tanks and policymakers.
Why National Security Matters
The memoir is about Asha's frontline experiences in national security. The author presents a multidimensional perspective discussing her personal experiences in national security ranging from 9/11, rising China in Shanghai, democracy in El Salvador, counterterrorism in the Middle East, diplomacy work at the United Nations, running for office during the initial outbreak of COVID-19 and gun violence in America. Throughout the book, the author offers a set of policy recommendations. The breadth of her knowledge and experiences is extraordinary and fascinating. Asha's unique insight resonates with anyone who wants to understand why national security matters to the average American.
Urban Warfare
This book takes a comprehensive and analytical approach to the multifaceted subject of urban warfare, aiming to inform rather than glorify the complex realities of combat in urban environments. It offers a critical examination of the "what," "why," "how," and "where" of urban warfare, making it an essential resource for military professionals, policymakers, academics, and humanitarian workers alike. By delving into the historical, strategic, and sociopolitical dimensions of urban combat, the book equips readers with a nuanced understanding of its challenges, impacts, and implications.Urban warfare is a defining feature of modern conflict, shaped by the unique dynamics of densely populated cities. The book begins by exploring its historical context and the distinct characteristics that differentiate it from other forms of combat, including its tactical and ethical complexities. Through in-depth analysis, it examines the motivations that drive conflicts into urban areas, the methods used to navigate these environments, and the lessons learned from past and ongoing battles.The narrative extends to explore cutting-edge technologies and evolving tactics that are transforming the landscape of urban warfare. Topics include the integration of drones, AI, and virtual reality in training and operations, the use of counter-insurgency strategies, and the application of psychological and humanitarian principles to minimize harm and foster post-conflict recovery. Real-world case studies provide insights into the successes, failures, and innovations that have shaped urban combat, offering valuable lessons for future conflicts.For military personnel, the book provides actionable strategies for offensive and defensive operations, logistics, and small-unit tactics tailored to urban terrains. Policymakers will find guidance on creating frameworks to address the ethical, legal, and strategic dimensions of urban warfare. Humanitarian workers and NGOs will benefit from insights into civilian protection and post-conflict reconstruction, while academics and analysts will appreciate the detailed exploration of the broader implications of urban conflict on global security and human rights.By bridging the gap between historical analysis, modern innovations, and future implications, this book serves as a vital resource for understanding the challenges and complexities of urban warfare. It emphasizes the importance of minimizing harm, protecting civilian populations, and fostering stability in conflict-prone areas, ensuring that the lessons of the past inform a more humane and effective approach to modern warfare. Whether preparing for operational readiness, shaping policy, or contributing to humanitarian efforts, readers will find this book an invaluable tool for navigating the evolving realities of urban combat.
The economic and political impact of Djibouti's strategic position
In a region plagued by multiple conflicts, the Republic of Djibouti has been characterized by political stability since its independence in 1978. This stability is an important asset that makes the country more attractive to other nations. Djibouti's strategic position is also an asset that we can exploit to our political and economic advantage. Situated at the crossroads of maritime trade routes linking Western Europe and Asia via the Suez Canal, the Middle East and Southern Africa via the Indian Ocean, Djibouti has seen its routes develop, but above all they have given access to maritime piracy fuelled by hotbeds of tension in Somalia and Yemen, countries at war and active centers of armed radical Islamism. This regional context has made Djibouti even more attractive to armies engaged in the fight against these scourges. This explains why several foreign military bases have been set up on Djibouti territory, a source of income for the country. Djibouti is thus at the heart of major global commercial, economic, political and security issues, making it an attractive destination despite its lack of natural resources.
Individuals and Interest Groups in the Political Process
The aim of the book is to reevaluate inner dymamics of, and tensions between, individuals who are active in the political process as members of interest groups. To that end, the author creates a model for the individual reasoning, preferences, and motivations made manifest in their observable behavior. This is achieved by analyzing the conduct of individuals in society according to the increasing complexity of interaction in the public sphere. The analysis starts with the ethical concerns of individuals and moves towards their capacities as citizens, voters, and politicians. The author then addresses aspects of social contract theory, as well as the uncertainty that is an inherent part of socialcooperation. An interdisciplinary approach to public choice, as well as elements of constitutional economy, political philosophy, and ethics are brought together to question our understanding of the way individuals and interest groupsoperate in the political sphere due to serious inconsistencies of individual reasoning within the latter.
Korea-US-China Trilateral Relations in the Xi Jinping Era
This book presents an examination of the trilateral relations among Korea, the US, and China during the Xi Jinping era. By addressing the multifaceted nature of these relationships it aims to shed light on the strategic maneuvers and diplomatic challenges that Korea faces in navigating its place between the competing interests of the US and China.
Chinese Approaches to Global Governance
There is a pressing need for a greater understanding among the world's diverse peoples. Once individuals gain an appreciation of each other's language and history, they can use this foundation to help construct a more peaceful, harmonious, cooperative and equitable world. But how can they begin to work toward this goal? In 2013 China proposed the Community of Shared Future (CSF), which has since become a framework for international collaboration aimed at creating a better world. Under the CSF framework, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the three major globalinitiatives have been proposed. The BRI and these initiatives have garnered support and praise from much of the world. Nearly all African countries that maintain diplomatic relations with China have signed BRI cooperative agreements. However, the United States and other Western countries are not willing to accept a rising China in the international community. Thus, the West needs to gain a better understanding of them. The BRI and the three major global initiatives are not empty slogans. It is crucial for China to develop a global governance system that takes concrete actions and benefits other countries.
Ideology and Meaning-Making Under the Putin Regime
Much has been written to try to understand the ideological characteristics of the current Russian government, as well as what is happening inside the mind of Vladimir Putin. Refusing pundits' clich矇s that depict the Russian regime as either a cynical kleptocracy or the product of Putin's grand Machiavellian designs, Ideology and Meaning-Making under the Putin Regime offers a critical genealogy of ideology in Russia today. Marlene Laruelle provides an innovative, multi-method analysis of the Russian regime's ideological production process and the ways it is operationalized in both domestic and foreign policies. Ideology and Meaning-Making under the Putin Regime reclaims the study of ideology as an unavoidable component of the tools we use to render the world intelligible and represents a significant contribution to the scholarly debate on the interaction between ideas and policy decisions. By placing the current Russian regime into a broader context of different strains of strategic culture, ideological interest groups, and intellectual history, this book gives readers key insights into how the Russo-Ukrainian War became possible and the role ideology played in enabling it.
Foundations of Canadian Political Behaviour
Foundations of Canadian Political Behaviour aims to place contemporary Canadian electoral politics in comparative perspective, particularly with respect to its peers among the established democracies of western Europe and North America. The book pays tribute to political scientist Richard Johnston and his diverse contributions to the study of Canadian politics and electoral politics in general.Presenting original empirical research by leading Canadian and international scholars, the volume is organized around the three themes that animate Johnston's nearly five decades of scholarship: the impact of electoral and party systems on political conflict, change and persistence in the social foundations of party competition, and the role of election campaigns in voting behaviour. Chapters utilize diverse approaches, including quantitative analysis of survey data and electoral statistics, experimentation, systematic analysis of media content, historical narrative, and critical conceptual analyses. The book is anchored in general theoretical concerns; half of the chapters centre on Canadian cases, while half highlight key comparators including the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom.
Slaves Are Not Allowed Into Heaven
The bloodiest war of the 21st century began in 2014 with Russia's annexation of the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea and occupation of parts of the Luhansk and Donetsk regions of Ukraine. The author of the book took the beginning of this war very close to his heart because his native town was occupied by Russians. In 2017, he decided to join the fight against the invaders and went to the East of Ukraine, where he joined the Right Sector Volunteer Corps. There he met people who came to defend their Motherland not for awards but because of the call of their hearts. These people belong to different strata of the population of Ukraine and have different nationalities, views, genders and ages. But these people have one thing in common - boundless love for Ukraine. The author of the book is proud that he got to know them personally. Read about the heroes and look at them closely. This is the face of modern Ukraine. It is a pity that some of the heroes of this book are no longer with us, as bloodthirsty war took them away. However, their memory will live with us forever.
Who Defended The Country?
'Elaine Scarry's consistently radical way of posing essential questions redirects inquiry in the most valuable ways, a tribute to a disciplined and erudite imagination put almost exclusively at the service of democratic citizenship in American society.' -Richard Falk Through a minute-by-minute analysis of the phone calls, official reports, responses, and reported actions of passengers on two hijacked flights, United Airlines 93 (which crashed in Pennsylvania) and American Airlines 77 (which crashed into the Pentagon), Elaine Scarry offers a dramatic retelling of their fate and some startling conclusions. Leading off a provocative debate, she asks if the difficulty we had as a country in defending ourselves on September 11 suggests serious flaws in our national security. The need to act in'a matter of minutes' has been invoked to justify military arrangements increasingly outside the citizenry's control, yet the only successful defense on September 11 was carried out, after a vote, by the passengers themselves on hijacked Flight 93. Arguments made at the time of the writing of the Constitution judged that the only plausible way to defend the home ground was to have actions measured against the norms of civilian life: the military had to be'held within a civil frame.' Scarry asks, have we strayed too far from this model? Does our authoritarian conception of national defense diminish our capacity to protect ourselves? Is it legal? Is it moral? Responding to her argument are nine prominent thinkers and writers from across the political spectrum, including Richard Falk, Ellen Willis, Admiral Eugene Carroll, and Antonia Chayes. Elaine Scarry, Walter M. Cabot Professor of Aesthetics and the General Theory of Value at Harvard University, is the author of The Body in Pain, On Beauty and Being Just, Dreaming by the Book, and Resisting Representation.
Xi Jinping's New Model of Development for China in the 21st Century Deconstructed
This work is a deconstruction of Xi Jinping's discourse of the new development model for China in the new era/ new normal of the post 2008 21st century going forward. This new development model, made necessary by the post 2008 condition of the Chinese economy; its evolutionary path coupled to an increasingly hostile geopolitical environment arising from North Atlantic attempts to stymie China's path to modernisation. Xi Jinping's development model is hinged on three signposts which will indicate the success or failure of the development model: attaining moderate prosperity for all in all respects by 2020, attaining the Chinese Dream of complete modernisation by 2049 and common prosperity for all by 2049. This development model puts in place the philosophy and methodology to create a modernised China which presents an alternate model of development to that of the hegemonic white world order of neo-liberal imperialist power for the first time in the history of the world since 1492. A beacon of hope to the Global South!
Cultural Influence in Conflict Resolution
The purpose of this study is to make an analysis on 'The Influence of Culture in Conflict Resolution'. Daily news on media is packed with information on various conflict resolutions going on throughout the world in an attempt to end ongoing disputes. Nations, organisations, communities, governments and individuals negotiate as final attempts to resolve differences in a diplomatic forum rather than combative retaliation. These negotiations can be protracted and tenuous especially when the disputing parties come from different cultures. It's influenced by cultural differences which play a significant role in determining peace and development in a conflict situation among individuals, ethnic groups or nation. This thesis asserts that, culture is a neglected aspect in a conflict resolution especially between Israel and Palestine conflict as a case study. Cultural misunderstandings are main additional confounding factors that cause complications in communication creating misperceptions hindering acceptable compromise. This happens when arbitrators/negotiators come from different cultural background.
Charities and Politics in Bashar Al-Asad's Syria
Charities and Politics in Bashar al-Asad's Syria analyses the renewal and revival of the role of Syrian charities during Bashar al-Asad's first ten years in power (2000-2010) in order to understand the political engineering deployed by the Syrian regime in the decade prior to the uprising. Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork undertaken between 2007 and 2010, as well as on more than fifty interviews and other secondary sources, this book is the first comprehensive study of the country's poorly known sector of associations and charitable organisations at the beginning of the 21st century. It provides first‐hand accounts of crucial issues that did not receive scholarly attention before the uprising - such as the shift in state-society relations, the opening of the civic arena, the partial outsourcing of welfare provision and social responsibilities and, eventually, the unravelling of the old social contract, which the protest movement dramatically brought to the forefront in 2011. By carrying out a unique analysis of the management of civil society by state institutions and the First Lady's government-operated NGOs, it also provides keys to understanding both the resilience of Bashar al-Asad's authoritarian regime in the 2000s and the simultaneous weakening of its credibility amongst the population.
Beyond Mimicry
Beyond Mimicry offers critical analysis of the main characteristics of African endogenous approaches to governance, investigating the potential of these systems in response to the crises many of today's societies in Africa are facing. The book reflects on these studies and develops policy recommendations for African decision-makers willing to consider integrating endogenous systems of governance as a basis to search for alternative solutions to current critical issues.
Neoextractivism and Capitalist Development
The large-scale extraction of natural resources for sale in capitalist markets is not a new phenomenon, but in recent years global demand for resources has increased, leading to greater attention to the role of resource extraction in the development of the exporting countries. The term neoextractivism was coined to refer to the complex of state-private sector policies intended to utilize the income from natural resources sales for development objectives and for improving the lives of a country's citizens. However, this book argues that neoextractivism is merely another conduit for capitalist development, reinforcing the position of elites, with few benefits for working people.With particular reference to the role of neoextractivism within Latin America and the Caribbean, using Guyana as a case study, the book aims to provide readers with the tools they need to critically analyze neoextractivism as a development model, identifying alternative paths for improving the human condition. This book will be of interest to academics and students in the fields of international development, political economy, sociology, and globalization, as well as to policymakers and political activists engaged in social movements in the natural resources sector.
Chinese Foreign Relations
With China's global ascendancy, Chinese foreign policy has become a popular area of study for scholars around the world. Rather than simply contributing to this subject, this book sets out to reflect on the field itself, using as samples some of the author's previous work, both published and unpublished, covering different areas of Chinese foreign policy and adopting different approaches. In doing so, it examines how knowledge about Chinese foreign policy has developed, focusing on areas such as traditions, values, perspectives and regionalism.The field of Chinese foreign policy has evolved along with international relations and foreign policy analysis. Studies on specific topics have generally been of high quality thanks to the competitive and extensive nature of academic research and exchange, despite a perceived failure to predict Beijing's current assertive foreign policy orientation. Looking forward, this book reflects on how certain current tendencies -- excessive focus on national security, narrowing of academic exchange and access between China and the West, and a shift to rivalry-driven analysis -- threaten to lower the quality of future Chinese foreign policy studies in Western countries.
