Facets of Algebraic Geometry: Volume 1
Written to honor the 80th birthday of William Fulton, the articles collected in this volume (the first of a pair) present substantial contributions to algebraic geometry and related fields, with an emphasis on combinatorial algebraic geometry and intersection theory. Featured topics include commutative algebra, moduli spaces, quantum cohomology, representation theory, Schubert calculus, and toric and tropical geometry. The range of these contributions is a testament to the breadth and depth of Fulton's mathematical influence. The authors are all internationally recognized experts, and include well-established researchers as well as rising stars of a new generation of mathematicians. The text aims to stimulate progress and provide inspiration to graduate students and researchers in the field.
Innovative Methods for Rare Disease Drug Development
Innovative Methods for Rare Diseases Drug Development focuses on biostatistical applications in terms of design and analysis in pharmaceutical research and development from both regulatory and scientific (statistical) perspectives.
Emmy Noether - Mathematician Extraordinaire
Although she was famous as the "mother of modern algebra," Emmy Noether's life and work have never been the subject of an authoritative scientific biography. Emmy Noether - Mathematician Extraordinaire represents the most comprehensive study of this singularly important mathematician to date. Focusing on key turning points, it aims to provide an overall interpretation of Noether's intellectual development while offering a new assessment of her role in transforming the mathematics of the twentieth century.Hermann Weyl, her colleague before both fled to the United States in 1933, fully recognized that Noether's dynamic school was the very heart and soul of the famous G繹ttingen community. Beyond her immediate circle of students, Emmy Noether's lectures and seminars drew talented mathematicians from all over the world. Four of the most important were B.L. van der Waerden, Pavel Alexandrov, Helmut Hasse, and Olga Taussky. Noether's classic papers on ideal theory inspiredvan der Waerden to recast his research in algebraic geometry. Her lectures on group theory motivated Alexandrov to develop links between point set topology and combinatorial methods. Noether's vision for a new approach to algebraic number theory gave Hasse the impetus to pursue a line of research that led to the Brauer-Hasse-Noether Theorem, whereas her abstract style clashed with Taussky's approach to classical class field theory during a difficult time when both were trying to find their footing in a foreign country.Although similar to Proving It Her Way: Emmy Noether, a Life in Mathematics, this lengthier study addresses mathematically minded readers. Thus, it presents a detailed analysis of Emmy Noether's work with Hilbert and Klein on mathematical problems connected with Einstein's theory of relativity. These efforts culminated with her famous paper "Invariant Variational Problems," published one year before she joined the G繹ttingen faculty in 1919.
Computational Topology for Data Analysis
Topological data analysis (TDA) has emerged recently as a viable tool for analyzing complex data, and the area has grown substantially both in its methodologies and applicability. Providing a computational and algorithmic foundation for techniques in TDA, this comprehensive, self-contained text introduces students and researchers in mathematics and computer science to the current state of the field. The book features a description of mathematical objects and constructs behind recent advances, the algorithms involved, computational considerations, as well as examples of topological structures or ideas that can be used in applications. It provides a thorough treatment of persistent homology together with various extensions - like zigzag persistence and multiparameter persistence - and their applications to different types of data, like point clouds, triangulations, or graph data. Other important topics covered include discrete Morse theory, the Mapper structure, optimal generating cycles, as well as recent advances in embedding TDA within machine learning frameworks.
Matrix Analysis and Entrywise Positivity Preservers
Matrices and kernels with positivity structures, and the question of entrywise functions preserving them, have been studied throughout the 20th century, attracting recent interest in connection to high-dimensional covariance estimation. This is the first book to systematically develop the theoretical foundations of the entrywise calculus, focusing on entrywise operations - or transforms - of matrices and kernels with additional structure, which preserve positive semidefiniteness. Designed as an introduction for students, it presents an in-depth and comprehensive view of the subject, from early results to recent progress. Topics include: structural results about, and classifying the preservers of positive semidefiniteness and other Loewner properties (monotonicity, convexity, super-additivity); historical connections to metric geometry; classical connections to moment problems; and recent connections to combinatorics and Schur polynomials. Based on the author's course, the book is structured for use as lecture notes, including exercises for students, yet can also function as a comprehensive reference text for experts.
Pop-Up Geometry
Anyone browsing at the stationery store will see an incredible array of pop-up cards available for any occasion. The workings of pop-up cards and pop-up books can be remarkably intricate. Behind such designs lies beautiful geometry involving the intersection of circles, cones, and spheres, the movements of linkages, and other constructions. The geometry can be modelled by algebraic equations, whose solutions explain the dynamics. For example, several pop-up motions rely on the intersection of three spheres, a computation made every second for GPS location. Connecting the motions of the card structures with the algebra and geometry reveals abstract mathematics performing tangible calculations. Beginning with the nephroid in the 19th-century, the mathematics of pop-up design is now at the frontiers of rigid origami and algorithmic computational complexity. All topics are accessible to those familiar with high-school mathematics; no calculus required. Explanations are supplemented by 140+ figures and 20 animations.
Pop-Up Geometry
Anyone browsing at the stationery store will see an incredible array of pop-up cards available for any occasion. The workings of pop-up cards and pop-up books can be remarkably intricate. Behind such designs lies beautiful geometry involving the intersection of circles, cones, and spheres, the movements of linkages, and other constructions. The geometry can be modelled by algebraic equations, whose solutions explain the dynamics. For example, several pop-up motions rely on the intersection of three spheres, a computation made every second for GPS location. Connecting the motions of the card structures with the algebra and geometry reveals abstract mathematics performing tangible calculations. Beginning with the nephroid in the 19th-century, the mathematics of pop-up design is now at the frontiers of rigid origami and algorithmic computational complexity. All topics are accessible to those familiar with high-school mathematics; no calculus required. Explanations are supplemented by 140+ figures and 20 animations.
Real Analysis and Foundations
This new edition continues the effort to make the book accessible to a broader audience. Many students who take a real analysis course do not have the ideal background. The new edition offers chapters on background material like set theory, logic, and methods of proof. The more advanced material in the book is made more apparent.
Promoting Statistical Practice and Collaboration in Developing Countries
The book addresses the topics of individual chapters from the perspectives of the historical context, the present state, and future directions of statistical training and practice, so that readers may fully understand the challenges and opportunities in the field of statistics and data science, especially in developing countries.
Mathematical Modelling with Differential Equations
Mathematical Modelling with Differential Equations aims to introduce various strategies for modelling systems using differential equations. Some of these methodologies are elementary and quite direct to comprehend and apply while others are complex in nature and require thoughtful, deep contemplation. Many topics discussed in the chapter do not appear in any of the standard textbooks and this provides users an opportunity to consider a more general set of interesting systems that can be modelled. For example, the book investigates the evolution of a "toy universe," discusses why "alternate futures" exists in classical physics, constructs approximate solutions to the famous Thomas-Fermi equation using only algebra and elementary calculus, and examines the importance of "truly nonlinear" and oscillating systems. Features Introduces, defines, and illustrates the concept of "dynamic consistency" as the foundation of modelling. Can be used as the basis of an upper-level undergraduate course on general procedures for mathematical modelling using differential equations. Discusses the issue of dimensional analysis and continually demonstrates its value for both the construction and analysis of mathematical modelling.
Applied and Computational Optimal Control
The aim of this book is to furnish the reader with a rigorous and detailed exposition of the concept of control parametrization and time scaling transformation. It presents computational solution techniques for a special class of constrained optimal control problems as well as applications to some practical examples. The book may be considered an extension of the 1991 monograph A Unified Computational Approach Optimal Control Problems, by K.L. Teo, C.J. Goh, and K.H. Wong. This publication discusses the development of new theory and computational methods for solving various optimal control problems numerically and in a unified fashion. To keep the book accessible and uniform, it includes those results developed by the authors, their students, and their past and present collaborators. A brief review of methods that are not covered in this exposition, is also included. Knowledge gained from this book may inspire advancement of new techniques to solve complex problemsthat arise in the future. This book is intended as reference for researchers in mathematics, engineering, and other sciences, graduate students and practitioners who apply optimal control methods in their work. It may be appropriate reading material for a graduate level seminar or as a text for a course in optimal control.
Recent Developments of Function Spaces and Their Applications I
This book includes 13 papers concerning some of the recent progress in the theory of function spaces and its applications. The involved function spaces include Morrey and weak Morrey spaces, Hardy-type spaces, John-Nirenberg spaces, Sobolev spaces, and Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on different underlying spaces, and they are applied in the study of problems ranging from harmonic analysis to potential analysis and partial differential equations, such as the boundedness of paraproducts and Calder籀n operators, the characterization of pointwise multipliers, estimates of anisotropic logarithmic potential, as well as certain Dirichlet problems for the Schr繹dinger equation.
Symmetry in Graphs
This is the first full-length book on the major theme of symmetry in graphs. Forming part of algebraic graph theory, this fast-growing field is concerned with the study of highly symmetric graphs, particularly vertex-transitive graphs, and other combinatorial structures, primarily by group-theoretic techniques. In practice the street goes both ways and these investigations shed new light on permutation groups and related algebraic structures. The book assumes a first course in graph theory and group theory but no specialized knowledge of the theory of permutation groups or vertex-transitive graphs. It begins with the basic material before introducing the field's major problems and most active research themes in order to motivate the detailed discussion of individual topics that follows. Featuring many examples and over 450 exercises, it is an essential introduction to the field for graduate students and a valuable addition to any algebraic graph theorist's bookshelf.
Quantum Chemistry and Computing for the Curious
Acquire knowledge of quantum chemistry concepts, the postulates of quantum mechanics, and the foundations of quantum computing, and execute illustrations made with Python code, Qiskit, and open-source quantum chemistry packagesKey Features: Be at the forefront of a quest for increased accuracy in chemistry applications and computingGet familiar with some open source quantum chemistry packages to run your own experimentsDevelop awareness of computational chemistry problems by using postulates of quantum mechanicsBook Description: Explore quantum chemical concepts and the postulates of quantum mechanics in a modern fashion, with the intent to see how chemistry and computing intertwine. Along the way you'll relate these concepts to quantum information theory and computation. We build a framework of computational tools that lead you through traditional computational methods and straight to the forefront of exciting opportunities. These opportunities will rely on achieving next-generation accuracy by going further than the standard approximations such as beyond Born-Oppenheimer calculations.Discover how leveraging quantum chemistry and computing is a key enabler for overcoming major challenges in the broader chemical industry. The skills that you will learn can be utilized to solve new-age business needs that specifically hinge on quantum chemistryWhat You Will Learn: Understand mathematical properties of the building blocks of matterRun through the principles of quantum mechanics with illustrationsDesign quantum gate circuit computationsProgram in open-source chemistry software packages such as Qiskit(R)Execute state-of-the-art-chemistry calculations and simulationsRun companion Jupyter notebooks on the cloud with just a web browserExplain standard approximations in chemical simulationsWho this book is for: Professionals interested in chemistry and computer science at the early stages of learning, or interested in a career of quantum computational chemistry and quantum computing, including advanced high school and college students. Helpful to have high school level chemistry, mathematics (algebra), and programming. An introductory level of understanding Python is sufficient to read the code presented to illustrate quantum chemistry and computing
Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Volume II
Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Volume II--edited by Richard C. Jeffrey--delivers the long-awaited completion of Rudolf Carnap's "Basic System of Inductive Logic" and, with it, a definitive bridge between logical probability and modern Bayesian thought. Opening with the posthumous Part II of Carnap's program--on attribute spaces, confirmation across predicate families, and the celebrated λ-γ systems--the volume traces how exchangeability, similarity, and proximity reshape predictive inference beyond the straight rule. Jeffrey's editorial apparatus situates Carnap's late revisions and includes the originally withheld 禮21, offering a rare window onto the extensions Carnap envisaged but did not live to finish. Surrounding this keystone are landmark contributions that push the program into contemporary terrain. Hintikka and Niiniluoto secure positive confirmation for universal generalizations; Kuipers maps neighboring approaches; de Finetti's classic paper on partial exchangeability (in translation) anchors the treatment of analogy across families; Link and Diaconis-Freedman supply modern representation theorems; Fenstad reconnects logical languages with probabilistic semantics; and David Lewis's "Principal Principle" reweaves objective chance into subjective credence. Capped by Douglas Hoover's note on nonstandard measures, the collection is both capstone and launchpad--indispensable for philosophers of science, statisticians, and decision theorists who want Carnap's foundations rendered in the idiom that now governs rational belief and inductive learning. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Extrinsic Geometry of Foliations
This book is devoted to geometric problems of foliation theory, in particular those related to extrinsic geometry, modern branch of Riemannian Geometry. The concept of mixed curvature is central to the discussion, and a version of the deep problem of the Ricci curvature for the case of mixed curvature of foliations is examined. The book is divided into five chapters that deal with integral and variation formulas and curvature and dynamics of foliations. Different approaches and methods (local and global, regular and singular) in solving the problems are described using integral and variation formulas, extrinsic geometric flows, generalizations of the Ricci and scalar curvatures, pseudo-Riemannian and metric-affine geometries, and 'computable' Finsler metrics.The book presents the state of the art in geometric and analytical theory of foliations as a continuation of the authors' life-long work in extrinsic geometry. It is designed for newcomers to the field as well as experienced geometers working in Riemannian geometry, foliation theory, differential topology, and a wide range of researchers in differential equations and their applications. It may also be a useful supplement to postgraduate level work and can inspire new interesting topics to explore.
Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Volume II
Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Volume II--edited by Richard C. Jeffrey--delivers the long-awaited completion of Rudolf Carnap's "Basic System of Inductive Logic" and, with it, a definitive bridge between logical probability and modern Bayesian thought. Opening with the posthumous Part II of Carnap's program--on attribute spaces, confirmation across predicate families, and the celebrated λ-γ systems--the volume traces how exchangeability, similarity, and proximity reshape predictive inference beyond the straight rule. Jeffrey's editorial apparatus situates Carnap's late revisions and includes the originally withheld 禮21, offering a rare window onto the extensions Carnap envisaged but did not live to finish. Surrounding this keystone are landmark contributions that push the program into contemporary terrain. Hintikka and Niiniluoto secure positive confirmation for universal generalizations; Kuipers maps neighboring approaches; de Finetti's classic paper on partial exchangeability (in translation) anchors the treatment of analogy across families; Link and Diaconis-Freedman supply modern representation theorems; Fenstad reconnects logical languages with probabilistic semantics; and David Lewis's "Principal Principle" reweaves objective chance into subjective credence. Capped by Douglas Hoover's note on nonstandard measures, the collection is both capstone and launchpad--indispensable for philosophers of science, statisticians, and decision theorists who want Carnap's foundations rendered in the idiom that now governs rational belief and inductive learning. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Jordanus de Nemore, de Numeris Datis
Jordanus de Nemore's De Numeris Datis stands as a groundbreaking text, marking the advent of advanced algebra in Western Europe. Written in the 13th century, the work assumes mastery of basic algebra and progresses to develop a systematic approach to quadratic, simultaneous, and proportional equations, many of which had not been previously articulated in European mathematics. By providing sophisticated techniques for numerical analysis, Jordanus not only addressed the needs of his contemporary mathematical community but also laid a foundational stone for the algebraic advancements that followed. The text bridges a gap between the classical mathematical traditions of the Greeks and the revolutionary algebraic methods emerging in the medieval Islamic world, showcasing Jordanus's role as an intellectual conduit in a period of vibrant cross-cultural exchange. Despite scant biographical information about Jordanus himself, his contributions resonate through the depth and structure of his work. De Numeris Datis combines theoretical rigor with practical application, offering propositions and methods that are both abstract and directly applicable to real-world problems. The text's influence is underscored by its enduring presence in medieval and Renaissance scholarship, with numerous surviving manuscripts and commentaries attesting to its relevance. By formalizing algebraic analysis in a way that prefigures later works like Vi癡te's Introduction to the Analytical Art, Jordanus elevated algebra from a computational tool to a discipline of logical inquiry, cementing his legacy as one of the seminal figures in the history of mathematics. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Jordanus de Nemore, de Numeris Datis
Jordanus de Nemore's De Numeris Datis stands as a groundbreaking text, marking the advent of advanced algebra in Western Europe. Written in the 13th century, the work assumes mastery of basic algebra and progresses to develop a systematic approach to quadratic, simultaneous, and proportional equations, many of which had not been previously articulated in European mathematics. By providing sophisticated techniques for numerical analysis, Jordanus not only addressed the needs of his contemporary mathematical community but also laid a foundational stone for the algebraic advancements that followed. The text bridges a gap between the classical mathematical traditions of the Greeks and the revolutionary algebraic methods emerging in the medieval Islamic world, showcasing Jordanus's role as an intellectual conduit in a period of vibrant cross-cultural exchange. Despite scant biographical information about Jordanus himself, his contributions resonate through the depth and structure of his work. De Numeris Datis combines theoretical rigor with practical application, offering propositions and methods that are both abstract and directly applicable to real-world problems. The text's influence is underscored by its enduring presence in medieval and Renaissance scholarship, with numerous surviving manuscripts and commentaries attesting to its relevance. By formalizing algebraic analysis in a way that prefigures later works like Vi癡te's Introduction to the Analytical Art, Jordanus elevated algebra from a computational tool to a discipline of logical inquiry, cementing his legacy as one of the seminal figures in the history of mathematics. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Quantitative Finance with Python
Quantitative Finance with Python: A Practical Guide to Investment Management, Trading and Financial Engineering bridges the gap between the theory of mathematical finance and the practical applications of these concepts for derivative pricing and portfolio management. The book provides students with a very hands-on, rigorous introduction to foundational topics in quant finance, such as options pricing, portfolio optimization and machine learning. Simultaneously, the reader benefits from a strong emphasis on the practical applications of these concepts for institutional investors. Features Useful as both a teaching resource and as a practical tool for professional investors. Ideal textbook for first year graduate students in quantitative finance programs, such as those in master's programs in Mathematical Finance, Quant Finance or Financial Engineering. Includes a perspective on the future of quant finance techniques, and in particular covers some introductory concepts of Machine Learning. Free-to-access repository with Python codes available at www.routledge.com/ 9781032014432.
Introduction to Linear and Matrix Algebra
This textbook emphasizes the interplay between algebra and geometry to motivate the study of linear algebra. Matrices and linear transformations are presented as two sides of the same coin, with their connection motivating inquiry throughout the book. By focusing on this interface, the author offers a conceptual appreciation of the mathematics that is at the heart of further theory and applications. Those continuing to a second course in linear algebra will appreciate the companion volume Advanced Linear and Matrix Algebra. Starting with an introduction to vectors, matrices, and linear transformations, the book focuses on building a geometric intuition of what these tools represent. Linear systems offer a powerful application of the ideas seen so far, and lead onto the introduction of subspaces, linear independence, bases, and rank. Investigation then focuses on the algebraic properties of matrices that illuminate the geometry of the linear transformations that they represent. Determinants, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors all benefit from this geometric viewpoint. Throughout, "Extra Topic" sections augment the core content with a wide range of ideas and applications, from linear programming, to power iteration and linear recurrence relations. Exercises of all levels accompany each section, including many designed to be tackled using computer software. Introduction to Linear and Matrix Algebra is ideal for an introductory proof-based linear algebra course. The engaging color presentation and frequent marginal notes showcase the author's visual approach. Students are assumed to have completed one or two university-level mathematics courses, though calculus is not an explicit requirement. Instructors will appreciate the ample opportunities to choose topics that align with the needs of each classroom, and the online homework sets that are available through WeBWorK.
Algebraic Foundations for Applied Topology and Data Analysis
This book gives an intuitive and hands-on introduction to Topological Data Analysis (TDA). Covering a wide range of topics at levels of sophistication varying from elementary (matrix algebra) to esoteric (Grothendieck spectral sequence), it offers a mirror of data science aimed at a general mathematical audience. The required algebraic background is developed in detail. The first third of the book reviews several core areas of mathematics, beginning with basic linear algebra and applications to data fitting and web search algorithms, followed by quick primers on algebra and topology. The middle third introduces algebraic topology, along with applications to sensor networks and voter ranking. The last third covers key contemporary tools in TDA: persistent and multiparameter persistent homology. Also included is a user's guide to derived functors and spectral sequences (useful but somewhat technical tools which have recently found applications in TDA), and an appendix illustrating a number of software packages used in the field. Based on a course given as part of a masters degree in statistics, the book is appropriate for graduate students.
Spatial Analysis
SPATIAL ANALYSIS Explore the foundations and latest developments in spatial statistical analysis In Spatial Analysis, two distinguished authors deliver a practical and insightful exploration of the statistical investigation of the interdependence of random variables as a function of their spatial proximity. The book expertly blends theory and application, offering numerous worked examples and exercises at the end of each chapter. Increasingly relevant to fields as diverse as epidemiology, geography, geology, image analysis, and machine learning, spatial statistics is becoming more important to a wide range of specialists and professionals. The book includes: Thorough introduction to stationary random fields, intrinsic and generalized random fields, and stochastic models Comprehensive exploration of the estimation of spatial structure Practical discussion of kriging and the spatial linear model Spatial Analysis is an invaluable resource for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in statistics, data science, digital imaging, geostatistics, and agriculture. It's also an accessible reference for professionals who are required to use spatial models in their work.
Applied Analysis: Mathematics for Science, Technology, Engineering (Third Edition)
This book is to be a new edition of Applied Analysis. Several fundamental materials of applied and theoretical sciences are added, which are needed by the current society, as well as recent developments in pure and applied mathematics. New materials in the basic level are the mathematical modelling using ODEs in applied sciences, elements in Riemann geometry in accordance with tensor analysis used in continuum mechanics, combining engineering and modern mathematics, detailed description of optimization, and real analysis used in the recent study of PDEs. Those in the advance level are the integration of ODEs, inverse Strum Liouville problems, interface vanishing of the Maxwell system, method of gradient inequality, diffusion geometry, mathematical oncology. Several descriptions on the analysis of Smoluchowski-Poisson equation in two space dimension are corrected and extended, to ensure quantized blowup mechanism of this model, particularly, the residual vanishing both in blowup solution in finite time with possible collision of sub-collapses and blowup solutions in infinite time without it.
Integration with Complex Numbers
Complex analysis, more than almost any other undergraduate topic in mathematics, runs the full pure/applied gamut from the most subtle, difficult, and ingenious proofs to the most direct, hands-on, engineering-based applications. This creates challenges for the instructor as much as for the very wide range of students whose various programmes require a secure grasp of complex analysis. Its techniques are indispensable to many, but skill in the use of a mathematical tool is hazardous and fallible without a sound understanding of why and when that tool is the right one to pick up. This kind of understanding develops only by combining careful exploration of ideas, analysis of proofs, and practice across a range of exercises. Integration with Complex Numbers: A Primer on Complex Analysis offers a reader-friendly contemporary balance between idea, proof, and practice, informed by several decades of classroom experience and a seasoned understanding of the backgrounds, motivation, and competing time pressures of today's student cohorts. To achieve its aim of supporting and sustaining such cohorts through those aspects of complex analysis that they encounter in first and second-year study, it also balances competing needs to be self-contained, comprehensive, accessible, and engaging - all in sufficient but not in excessive measures. In particular, it begins where most students are likely to be, and invests the time and effort that are required in order to deliver accessibility and introductory gradualness.
Integration with Complex Numbers
Complex analysis, more than almost any other undergraduate topic in mathematics, runs the full pure/applied gamut from the most subtle, difficult, and ingenious proofs to the most direct, hands-on, engineering-based applications. This creates challenges for the instructor as much as for the very wide range of students whose various programmes require a secure grasp of complex analysis. Its techniques are indispensable to many, but skill in the use of a mathematical tool is hazardous and fallible without a sound understanding of why and when that tool is the right one to pick up. This kind of understanding develops only by combining careful exploration of ideas, analysis of proofs, and practice across a range of exercises. Integration with Complex Numbers: A Primer on Complex Analysis offers a reader-friendly contemporary balance between idea, proof, and practice, informed by several decades of classroom experience and a seasoned understanding of the backgrounds, motivation, and competing time pressures of today's student cohorts. To achieve its aim of supporting and sustaining such cohorts through those aspects of complex analysis that they encounter in first and second-year study, it also balances competing needs to be self-contained, comprehensive, accessible, and engaging - all in sufficient but not in excessive measures. In particular, it begins where most students are likely to be, and invests the time and effort that are required in order to deliver accessibility and introductory gradualness.
Introduction to Differential Geometry
This textbook is suitable for a one semester lecture course on differential geometry for students of mathematics or STEM disciplines with a working knowledge of analysis, linear algebra, complex analysis, and point set topology. The book treats the subject both from an extrinsic and an intrinsic view point.The first chapters give a historical overview of the field and contain an introduction to basic concepts such as manifolds and smooth maps, vector fields and flows, and Lie groups, leading up to the theorem of Frobenius. Subsequent chapters deal with the Levi-Civita connection, geodesics, the Riemann curvature tensor, a proof of the Cartan-Ambrose-Hicks theorem, as well as applications to flat spaces, symmetric spaces, and constant curvature manifolds. Also included are sections about manifolds with nonpositive sectional curvature, the Ricci tensor, the scalar curvature, and the Weyl tensor. An additional chapter goes beyond the scope of a one semester lecture course and deals with subjects such as conjugate points and the Morse index, the injectivity radius, the group of isometries and the Myers-Steenrod theorem, and Donaldson's differential geometric approach to Lie algebra theory.
Shape
An instant New York Times Bestseller! "Unreasonably entertaining . . . reveals how geometric thinking can allow for everything from fairer American elections to better pandemic planning." --The New York Times From the New York Times-bestselling author of How Not to Be Wrong--himself a world-class geometer--a far-ranging exploration of the power of geometry, which turns out to help us think better about practically everything. How should a democracy choose its representatives? How can you stop a pandemic from sweeping the world? How do computers learn to play Go, and why is learning Go so much easier for them than learning to read a sentence? Can ancient Greek proportions predict the stock market? (Sorry, no.) What should your kids learn in school if they really want to learn to think? All these are questions about geometry. For real. If you're like most people, geometry is a sterile and dimly remembered exercise you gladly left behind in the dust of ninth grade, along with your braces and active romantic interest in pop singers. If you recall any of it, it's plodding through a series of miniscule steps only to prove some fact about triangles that was obvious to you in the first place. That's not geometry. Okay, it is geometry, but only a tiny part, which has as much to do with geometry in all its flush modern richness as conjugating a verb has to do with a great novel. Shape reveals the geometry underneath some of the most important scientific, political, and philosophical problems we face. Geometry asks: Where are things? Which things are near each other? How can you get from one thing to another thing? Those are important questions. The word "geometry"comes from the Greek for "measuring the world." If anything, that's an undersell. Geometry doesn't just measure the world--it explains it. Shape shows us how.
Swarm Intelligence
The notion of swarm intelligence was introduced for describing decentralized and self-organized behaviors of groups of animals. Then this idea was extrapolated to design groups of robots which interact locally to cumulate a collective reaction. Some natural examples of swarms are as follows: ant colonies, bee colonies, fish schooling, bird flocking, horse herding, bacterial colonies, multinucleated giant amoebae Physarum polycephalum, etc. In all these examples, individual agents behave locally with an emergence of their common effect.An intelligent behavior of swarm individuals is explained by the following biological reactions to attractants and repellents. Attractants are biologically active things, such as food pieces or sex pheromones, which attract individuals of swarm. Repellents are biologically active things, such as predators, which repel individuals of swarm. As a consequence, attractants and repellents stimulate the directed movement of swarms towards and away from the stimulus, respectively.It is worth noting that a group of people, such as pedestrians, follow some swarm patterns of flocking or schooling. For instance, humans prefer to avoid a person considered by them as a possible predator and if a substantial part of the group in the situation of escape panic (not less than 5%) changes the direction, then the rest follows the new direction, too. Some swarm patterns are observed among human beings under the conditions of their addictive behavior such as the behavior of alcoholics or gamers.The methodological framework of studying swarm intelligence is represented by unconventional computing, robotics, and cognitive science. In this book we aim to analyze new methodologies involved in studying swarm intelligence. We are going to bring together computer scientists and cognitive scientists dealing with swarm patterns from social bacteria to human beings. This book considers different models of simulating, controlling, and predicting the swarm behavior of different species from social bacteria to humans.
Pricing Models of Volatility Products and Exotic Variance Derivatives
This book summarizes most of the recent research results in pricing models of derivatives on discrete realized variance and VIX. .
Oliver Byrne`s Elements of Euclid
In one of the most stunning expositions of mathematical publishing, Oliver Byrne combines Euclid's geometric theories with vibrant colour proofs, turning what was already a cornerstone academic text into a pedagogical work of art. First published in 1847, Oliver Byrne's Elements of Euclid is an innovative educational masterpiece. Uniquely beautiful in its presentation, Byrne's edition was the first attempt to illustrate the classic books of mathematical theorems written by the ancient Greek mathematician, Euclid of Alexandria, in 300BC. Scattered across each page in brilliant reds, blues and yellows are triangles, squares and circles combined in a myriad of combinations with intersecting lines and numbers. These intricate figures express the proofs of many of the iconic geometric equations that form the bedrock of mathematical study. This stunning example of numerical visual study greatly influenced the history of mathematics, with Euclid's text being used in classrooms until the late nineteenth century. It has also proven to be an indispensable inspiration for following twentieth-century art movements, with avant-garde groups like De Stijl and The Bauhaus using Byrne's iconic colour, line work and form in many of their works. A facsimile edition of this legacy work has been painstakingly restored for a new generation to enjoy. Taking special care to conserve the colours, shapes and text as they were printed on publication in the hope to recapture the magic of this beautiful volume for future readers, both inside and outside of the classroom.
Calculus: 1001 Practice Problems for Dummies (＋ Free Online Practice)
Practice your way to a higher grade in Calculus! Calculus is a hands-on skill. You've gotta use it or lose it. And the best way to get the practice you need to develop your mathematical talents is Calculus: 1001 Practice Problems For Dummies. The perfect companion to Calculus For Dummies--and your class-- this book offers readers challenging practice problems with step-by-step and detailed answer explanations and narrative walkthroughs. You'll get free access to all 1,001 practice problems online so you can create your own study sets for extra-focused learning. Readers will also find: A useful course supplement and resource for students in high school and college taking Calculus I Free, one-year access to all practice problems online, for on-the-go study and practice An excellent preparatory resource for faster-paced college classes Calculus: 1001 Practice Problems For Dummies (+ Free Online Practice) is an essential resource for high school and college students looking for more practice and extra help with this challenging math subject. Calculus: 1001 Practice Problems For Dummies (9781119883654) was previously published as 1,001 Calculus Practice Problems For Dummies (9781118496718). While this version features a new Dummies cover and design, the content is the same as the prior release and should not be considered a new or updated product.
The Ten Equations That Rule the World
Empowering and illuminating, The Ten Equations That Rule the World shows how math really can change your life. Is there a secret formula for getting rich? For going viral? For deciding how long to stick with your current job, Netflix series, or even relationship? This book is all about the equations that make our world go round. Ten of them, in fact. They are integral to everything from investment banking to betting companies and social media giants. And they can help you to increase your chance of success, guard against financial loss, live more healthfully, and see through scaremongering. They are known by only the privileged few--until now. With wit and clarity, mathematician David Sumpter shows that it isn't the technical details that make these formulas so successful. It is the way they allow mathematicians to view problems from a different angle--a way of seeing the world that anyone can learn.
The Best Writing on Mathematics 2021
The year's finest mathematical writing from around the world This annual anthology brings together the year's finest mathematics writing from around the world--and you don't need to be a mathematician to enjoy the pieces collected here. These essays--from leading names and fresh new voices--delve into the history, philosophy, teaching, and everyday aspects of math, offering surprising insights into its nature, meaning, and practice, and taking readers behind the scenes of today's hottest mathematical debates. Here, Viktor Bl疇sj繹 gives a brief history of "lockdown mathematics"; Yelda Nasifoglu decodes the politics of a seventeenth-century play in which the characters are geometric shapes; and Andrew Lewis-Pye explains the basic algorithmic rules and computational procedures behind cryptocurrencies. In other essays, Terence Tao candidly recalls the adventures and misadventures of growing up to become a leading mathematician; Natalie Wolchover shows how old math gives new clues about whether time really flows; and David Hand discusses the problem of "dark data"--information that is missing or ignored. And there is much, much more.
Optimal Design of Multi-Phase Materials
This book aims the optimal design of a material (thermic or electrical) obtained as the mixture of a finite number of original materials, not necessarily isotropic. The problem is to place these materials in such a way that the solution of the corresponding state equation minimizes a certain functional that can depend nonlinearly on the gradient of the state function. This is the main novelty in the book. It is well known that this type of problems has no solution in general and therefore that it is needed to work with a relaxed formulation. The main results in the book refer to how to obtain such formulation, the optimality conditions, and the numerical computation of the solutions. In the case of functionals that do not depend on the gradient of the state equation, it is known that a relaxed formulation consists of replacing the original materials with more general materials obtained via homogenization. This includes materials with different properties of the originals but whose behavior can be approximated by microscopic mixtures of them. In the case of a cost functional depending nonlinearly on the gradient, it is also necessary to extend the cost functional to the set of these more general materials. In general, we do not dispose of an explicit representation, and then, to numerically solve the problem, it is necessary to design strategies that allow the functional to be replaced by upper or lower approximations. The book is divided in four chapters. The first is devoted to recalling some classical results related to the homogenization of a sequence of linear elliptic partial differential problems. In the second one, we define the control problem that we are mainly interested in solving in the book. We obtain a relaxed formulation and their main properties, including an explicit representation of the new cost functional, at least in the boundary of its domain. In the third chapter, we study the optimality conditions of therelaxed problem, and we describe some algorithms to numerically solve the problem. We also provide some numerical experiments carried out using such algorithms. Finally, the fourth chapter is devoted to briefly describe some extensions of the results obtained in Chapters 2 and 3 to the case of dealing with several state equations and the case of evolutive problems. The problems covered in the book are interesting for mathematicians and engineers whose work is related to mathematical modeling and the numerical resolution of optimal design problems in material sciences. The contents extend some previous results obtained by the author in collaboration with other colleagues.
Effective Results and Methods for Diophantine Equations Over Finitely Generated Domains
This book provides the first thorough treatment of effective results and methods for Diophantine equations over finitely generated domains. Compiling diverse results and techniques from papers written in recent decades, the text includes an in-depth analysis of classical equations including unit equations, Thue equations, hyper- and superelliptic equations, the Catalan equation, discriminant equations and decomposable form equations. The majority of results are proved in a quantitative form, giving effective bounds on the sizes of the solutions. The necessary techniques from Diophantine approximation and commutative algebra are all explained in detail without requiring any specialized knowledge on the topic, enabling readers from beginning graduate students to experts to prove effective finiteness results for various further classes of Diophantine equations.
Protecting Your Privacy in a Data-Driven World
At what point does the sacrifice to our personal information outweigh the public good? If public policymakers had access to our personal and confidential data, they could make more evidence-based, data-informed decisions that could accelerate economic recovery and improve COVID-19 vaccine distribution. However, access to personal data comes at a steep privacy cost for contributors, especially underrepresented groups. Protecting Your Privacy in a Data-Driven World is a practical, nontechnical guide that explains the importance of balancing these competing needs and calls for careful consideration of how data are collected and disseminated by our government and the private sector. Not addressing these concerns can harm the same communities policymakers are trying to protect through data privacy and confidentiality legislation.
Computational Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction
The present book contains all of the articles that were accepted and published in the Special Issue of MDPI's journal Mathematics titled "Computational Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction: Modern Methods and Applications". This Special Issue covered a wide range of topics connected to the theory and application of different computational intelligence techniques to the domain of human-computer interaction, such as automatic speech recognition, speech processing and analysis, virtual reality, emotion-aware applications, digital storytelling, natural language processing, smart cars and devices, and online learning. We hope that this book will be interesting and useful for those working in various areas of artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, and software engineering as well as for those who are interested in how these domains are connected in real-life situations.
G繹del's Theorem: A Very Short Introduction
bVery Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring /b Kurt G繹del first published his celebrated theorem, showing that no axiomatization can determine the whole truth and nothing but the truth concerning arithmetic, nearly a century ago. The theorem challenged prevalent presuppositions about the nature of mathematics and was consequently of considerable mathematical interest, while also raising various deep philosophical questions. G繹del's Theorem has since established itself as a landmark intellectual achievement, having a profound impact on today's mathematical ideas. G繹del and his theorem have attracted something of a cult following, though his theorem is often misunderstood. This Very Short Introduction places the theorem in its intellectual and historical context, and explains the key concepts as well as common misunderstandings of what it actually states. A. W. Moore provides a clear statement of the theorem, presenting two proofs, each of which has something distinctive to teach about its content. Moore also discusses the most important philosophical implications of the theorem. In particular, Moore addresses the famous question of whether the theorem shows the human mind to have mathematical powers beyond those of any possible computer ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
The irrelevance of the location of Riemann's zeros to the disposition of the prime numbers
Academic Paper from the year 2022 in the subject Mathematics - Analysis, grade: 2.2, language: English, abstract: It is shown that there is a direct connection between the Riemann zeros, the counting numbers, and hence the prime numbers, but not in the so-called Critical Strip. A mathematical structure is developed in which the articulation of the numerical location of a Riemann zero in the sequence of zeros is sufficient to determine the counting number with which it is associated, its location, Im(s) on the line of symmetry and, the Gauss/Legendre prime number counting function. It is concluded that the disposition of the prime numbers within the system of counting numbers is solely an intrinsic characteristic of that system and is totally unrelated to the distribution of the Riemann zeros.
Visual Category Theory, CoPart 1
This CoPart is a dual complement to Visual Category Theory Brick by Brick, Part 1. The original series translated abstract categorical concepts into the language of LEGO(R) bricks, and the CoPart series implement the opposite way of translating brick constructions to the standard diagram language of category theory that should benefit comprehension of definitions.Since usual categorical diagrams are black and white and occupy less space on paper, CoParts include additional color-enhanced diagrams in the spirit of brick constructions when arrow source and target parts use different colors.These CoParts from CoSeries (named after opposite categories with reversed arrows) keep the same 1-to-1 page correspondence between Parts and CoParts. Page layout is also similar: location of explanatory notes (written using standard mathematical notation) is the same - only bricks are replaced by letters, dots, and arrows. Therefore, this CoSeries can be used independently from the original series or together.The first CoPart covers the definition of categories, arrows, the composition and associativity of arrows, retracts, equivalence, covariant and contravariant functors, natural transformations, and 2-categories.
Trilogy of Numbers and Arithmetic - Book 1: History of Numbers and Arithmetic: An Information Perspective
The book is the first in the trilogy which will bring you to the fascinating world of numbers and operations with them. Numbers provide information about myriads of things. Together with operations, numbers constitute arithmetic forming in basic intellectual instruments of theoretical and practical activity of people and offering powerful tools for representation, acquisition, transmission, processing, storage, and management of information about the world.The history of numbers and arithmetic is the topic of a variety of books and at the same time, it is extensively presented in many books on the history of mathematics. However, all of them, at best, bring the reader to the end of the 19th century without including the developments in these areas in the 20th century and later. Besides, such books consider and describe only the most popular classes of numbers, such as whole numbers or real numbers. At the same time, a diversity of new classes of numbers and arithmetic were introduced in the 20th century.This book looks into the chronicle of numbers and arithmetic from ancient times all the way to 21st century. It also includes the developments in these areas in the 20th century and later. A unique aspect of this book is its information orientation of the exposition of the history of numbers and arithmetic.
Differential Equations and Their Applications: Analysis from a Physicist's Viewpoint
This book is written for students and researchers who are fond of mathematics and the natural sciences. It consists of two parts. Part I presents the theory of analysis in which the mathematical theory is described not as an accomplished palace, but as a building under construction. It uncovers how a theory has been or is being constructed. In Part II, the theory of differential equations is applied to interesting practical problems, such as pursuit-line and tractrix, attack on an object from an airplane, an insect crawling along a stretching rubber rod, the SIR model of a virus infection, string vibration, circular membrane vibration, as well as the wind ripple, sand dune and wave phenomena on a highway. Furthermore, the problems of a one-dimensional lattice vibration, the keyboard percussion vibration and the eigenvalue problems in quantum mechanics, such as the Aharonov-Bohm effect, are also investigated in detail.
The Basic Laws of Arithmetic
Basic Laws of Arithmetic: Exposition of the System by Gottlob Frege is a seminal work that aims to establish arithmetic and mathematical analysis as logical systems derived from pure logic. Published in 1893, it represents a cornerstone in the history of mathematical and philosophical thought. Frege's primary objective was to substantiate logicism, the view that truths of arithmetic are not irreducibly mathematical, synthetic a priori, or empirical, but are instead expressions of logical truths. The book lays out three core tasks: defining logical propositions and rules of inference, and deriving arithmetic's fundamental truths from these logical principles. While Frege's meticulous approach to these tasks helped establish mathematical logic as a discipline, his work ultimately failed to achieve its purpose, as the set theory underpinning his system proved inconsistent, a flaw brought to his attention by Bertrand Russell. Despite its failure as Frege envisioned it, the work remains profoundly influential. Frege's exploration of logical truth and inference pioneered formal logic, including propositional calculus, quantification theory, and set theory. His philosophy of language, embedded within the system's semantics, offers a deep and nuanced understanding of meaning that continues to resonate within analytical philosophy. Moreover, Frege's precise and rigorous standards of reasoning surpass many subsequent works, including the more widely adopted Principia Mathematica. Although his logicism is untenable in its original form, Frege's ideas remain a vital resource for understanding the intersection of logic, mathematics, and language, making his Grundgesetze a crucial study for philosophers, logicians, and historians. This translation of key sections emphasizes its ongoing relevance to modern philosophical inquiries into meaning and language. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1964.
Logic of the Third, The: A Paradigm Shift to a Shared Future for Humanity
This book is a scientific basis for understanding the urgent need for a Great Transformation to a third step in social evolution. Already being a community of common destiny, humanity can form an actual unity through diversity to avoid extinction. Social actors can recognise informational imperatives for cognition, communication and co-operation to achieve such a unity. By doing so, they apply a logic that underlies the structuration of any agency, which is a real logic of self-organising systems from the physical to the social. This logic is the Logic of the Third -- the Third is a meta-structure that emerges in a leap. The agents interact and when they co-act they are likely to form a real meta-structure of organisational relations. Informational agents anticipate this by generating requisite information in their attempt to cope with complex challenges. Such an information is a meta-structure too. The Third helps achieve synergy effects.This book discusses considerations from philosophy, systems theory, the study of information, social systems, social information, ecology and technology. It addresses ethical issues connected with the long-forgotten arms race in an atomic age, the global warming not yet under control, the pandemic misunderstood, the social question still unanswered.
Perfect and Amicable Numbers
This book contains a detailed presentation on the theory of two classes of special numbers, perfect numbers, and amicable numbers, as well as some of their generalizations. It also gives a large list of their properties, facts and theorems with full proofs. Perfect and amicable numbers, as well as most classes of special numbers, have many interesting properties, including numerous modern and classical applications as well as a long history connected with the names of famous mathematicians.The theory of perfect and amicable numbers is a part of pure Arithmetic, and in particular a part of Divisibility Theory and the Theory of Arithmetical Functions. Thus, for a perfect number n it holds σ(n) = 2n, where σ is the sum-of-divisors function, while for a pair of amicable numbers (n, m) it holds σ(n) = σ(m) = n + m. This is also an important part of the history of prime numbers, since the main formulas that generate perfect numbers and amicable pairs are dependent on the good choice of one or several primes of special form.Nowadays, the theory of perfect and amicable numbers contains many interesting mathematical facts and theorems, alongside many important computer algorithms needed for searching for new large elements of these two famous classes of special numbers.This book contains a list of open problems and numerous questions related to generalizations of the classical case, which provides a broad perspective on the theory of these two classes of special numbers. Perfect and Amicable Numbers can be useful and interesting to both professional and general audiences.
