Unequal
Why the familiar equal sign isn't just a marker of sameness but a gateway into math's--and humanity's--most profound questions Math is famous for its equations: 1 + 1 = 2, a2 + b2 = c2, or y = mx + b. Much of the time it can seem like that's all mathematics is: following steps to show that what's on one side of an equation is the same as what's on the other. In Unequal, Eugenia Cheng shows that's just part of the story, and the boring part to boot. Mathematics isn't only about showing how numbers and symbols are the same. It isn't even just about numbers and symbols at all, but a world of shapes, symmetries, logical ideas, and more. And in that world, the boundary between things being equal and unequal is a gray area, or perhaps a rainbow of beautiful, vibrant, subtly nuanced color. As Unequal shows, once you go over that rainbow, almost everything can be considered equal and unequal at the same time, whether it's shapes (seen from the right perspective, a circle is the same as an ellipse), words (synonyms), or people--even numbers! It all depends on what features we care about. And it's up to us what we do about it. That's because mathematics isn't a series of rules, facts, or answers. It's an invitation to a more powerful way of thinking.
Partial Differential Equations
Partial Differential Equations: Foundations and Applications offers a clear, precise, and conceptually rich introduction to one of the most fundamental areas of mathematics. Far beyond abstract formalism, partial differential equations form the language through which the laws of nature are expressed, governing phenomena in physics, engineering, and the life sciences - from heat diffusion and wave propagation to fluid motion, electromagnetism, and quantum systems.This volume is designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students in mathematics, physics, and engineering, as well as for motivated self-learners and researchers seeking a unified and reliable reference. It balances mathematical depth with conceptual clarity, integrating theory and application so that abstract methods emerge from physical motivations.This book includes: Fundamental definitions, classification, and formation of partial differential equations First-order partial differential equations: method of characteristics, Lagrange's method, Charpit's method, and applications such as transport equations and Burgers' equation Second-order partial differential equations: classification into hyperbolic, parabolic, and elliptic types, canonical forms, and associated physical models Separation of variables and Sturm-Liouville theory, with orthogonal functions and eigenfunction expansions Fourier series and Fourier transforms, convergence theorems, Parseval's identity, and applications to the heat and wave equations The heat, wave, and Laplace equations in one or more dimensions, steady-state and time-dependent solutions, and coordinate-based techniques Laplace transform methods for problems on semi-infinite domains, impulsive sources, and delta function initial conditions Each chapter is structured to develop both analytical techniques and physical insight, supported by solved examples, graded exercises, and pedagogical explanations. Special attention is given to connecting mathematical derivations with their physical interpretations, ensuring the reader gains not only procedural skill but also a comprehensive insight of the underlying principles of the subject.
Extreme-Scale Computing
Scientific computing is essential for tackling complex problems across many domains--but how can scientists develop high-performance and high-quality software that scales efficiently? This book serves as an accessible introduction to extreme-scale computing, specifically designed for domain scientists who may not have formal computer science training but need to harness the power of C++ and parallel computing for large-scale applications. The book begins by covering the fundamentals of scientific computing software management, including essential tools like Linux, Git, and CMake, before diving into a detailed exploration of C++ for extreme-scale computing. Readers familiar with languages like Python will gain the necessary skills to transition to C++ and build scalable, efficient software. Beyond basic programming, this book delves into hardware-aware computing, teaching readers how to optimize software performance by understanding the underlying architecture of modern computational systems. It then introduces parallel computing techniques, covering MPI for distributed memory parallelism, shared memory parallelism, CUDA for GPU programming, and Kokkos for performance portability. Further chapters focus on efficient I/O, debugging, and profiling, which all address aspects of the critical challenge of performance optimization in extreme-scale computing. The book concludes with an overview of popular libraries for extreme-scale computing, equipping readers with the tools they need to solve real-world computational problems. With a balance of theory, practical applications, and illustrative case studies, this book provides domain scientists with a comprehensive roadmap to mastering extreme-scale computing and developing highly parallel and performant software.
Permutation Statistical Methods for Criminology and Criminal Justice
This book takes a unique approach to explaining permutation statistical methods for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, faculty, researchers, and other professionals interested in the areas of criminology or criminal justice. The book integrates permutation statistical methods with a wide range of classical statistical methods. It opens with a comparison of two models of statistical inference: the classical population model espoused by J. Neyman and E. Pearson and the permutation model first introduced by R.A. Fisher and E.J.G. Pitman. Numerous comparisons of permutation and classical statistical methods are illustrated with examples from criminology and criminal justice and supplemented with a variety of R scripts for ease of computation. The text follows the general outline of an introductory textbook in statistics with chapters on central tendency, variability, one-sample tests, two-sample tests, matched-pairs tests, completely-randomized analysis of variance, randomized-blocks analysis of variance, simple linear regression and correlation, and the analysis of goodness of fit and contingency. Unlike classical statistical methods, permutation statistical methods do not rely on theoretical distributions, avoid the usual assumptions of normality and homogeneity, depend solely on the observed data, and do not require random sampling, making permutation statistical methods ideal for analyzing criminology and criminal justice databases. Permutation methods are relatively new in that it took modern computing power to make them available to those working in criminology and criminal justice research. The book contains detailed examples of permutation analyses. Each analysis is paired with a conventional analysis; for example, a permutation test of the difference between experimental and control groups is contrasted with Student's two-sample $t$ test. An added feature is the inclusion of multiple historical notes on the origin and development of both parametric and conventional tests and measures. Designed for an audience with a basic statistical background and a strong interest in parametric and non-parametric statistics, the book can easily serve as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in criminology, criminal justice, or sociology, as well as serving as a research source for faculty, researchers, and other professionals in the area of criminology. No statistical training beyond a first course in statistics is required, but some knowledge of, or interest in, criminology or criminal justice is assumed.
Some Integral Equations Related to Abel's Equation and the Hilbert Transform
Lectures on Differential Geometry with Maple
This text is designed to update the Differential Geometry course by making it more relevant to today's students. This new approach emphasizes applications and computer programs aimed at twenty-first-century audiences. It is intended for mathematics students, applied scientists, and engineers who attempt to integrate differential geometry techniques in their work or research.The course can require students to carry out a daunting amount of time-consuming hand computations like the computation of the Christoffel Symbols. As a result, the scope of the applied topics and examples possible to cover might be limited. In addition, most books on this topic have only a scant number of applications.The book is meant to evolve the course by including topics that are relevant to students. To achieve this goal the book uses numerical, symbolic computations, and graphical tools as an integral part of the topics presented. The provides students with a set of Maple/Matlab programs that will enable them to explore the course topics visually and in depth. These programs facilitate topic and application integration and provide the student with visual enforcement of the concepts, examples, and exercises of varying complexity.This unique text will empower students and users to explore in-depth and visualize the topics covered, while these programs can be easily modified for other applications or other packages of numerical/symbolic languages. The programs are available to download to instructors and students using the book for coursework.
A Note on the Integral Equation of the First Kind With a Cauchy Kernel
Eigenfunction Expansions Associated With the Laplacian for Certain Domains With Infinite Boundaries
On Condition Numbers and the Distance to the Nearest Ill-posed Problem
Using the Kth Nearest Neighbor Clustering Procedure to Determine the Number of Subpopulations
On the Formulation and Analysis of Numerical Methods for Time Dependent Transport Equations
Lectures on Differential Geometry with Maple
This text is designed to update the Differential Geometry course by making it more relevant to today's students. This new approach emphasizes applications and computer programs aimed at twenty-first-century audiences. It is intended for mathematics students, applied scientists, and engineers who attempt to integrate differential geometry techniques in their work or research.The course can require students to carry out a daunting amount of time-consuming hand computations like the computation of the Christoffel Symbols. As a result, the scope of the applied topics and examples possible to cover might be limited. In addition, most books on this topic have only a scant number of applications.The book is meant to evolve the course by including topics that are relevant to students. To achieve this goal the book uses numerical, symbolic computations, and graphical tools as an integral part of the topics presented. The provides students with a set of Maple/Matlab programs that will enable them to explore the course topics visually and in depth. These programs facilitate topic and application integration and provide the student with visual enforcement of the concepts, examples, and exercises of varying complexity.This unique text will empower students and users to explore in-depth and visualize the topics covered, while these programs can be easily modified for other applications or other packages of numerical/symbolic languages. The programs are available to download to instructors and students using the book for coursework.
Mathematical Theory of the Influence of a Dome on the Directivity Pattern of Sound Beams, Part 4
Mathematical Theory of the Influence of a Dome on the Directivity Pattern of Sound Beams, Part 4
An Empirical Study of Re-Sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error Estimates in Split-Plot Designs
Mathematical Programming Model for Fighter Training Squadron Pilot Scheduling
An Empirical Study of Re-Sampling Techniques as a Method for Improving Error Estimates in Split-Plot Designs
Pattern Search Ranking and Selection Algorithms for Mixed-Variable Optimization of Stochastic Systems
A Group Theoretic Tabu Search Approach to the Traveling Salesman Problem
A Group Theoretic Tabu Search Approach to the Traveling Salesman Problem
Scientific Research and Methodology
This textbook is designed for teaching quantitative research in the scientific, health and engineering disciplines at first-year undergraduate level, with an emphasis on statistics. It covers the research process, including asking research questions, research design, data collection, summarising data, analysis and communication. Many real journal articles are used throughout the text as examples that demonstrate the use of the techniques.Students are introduced to statistics as a method for answering questions. Descriptive research questions lead to analysis of single proportions and means. Repeated-measures research questions are answered using paired quantitative data. Relational research questions compare proportions, odds and means in different groups. Correlational research questions are studied using correlation and regression techniques.Statistical topics include numerical summary methods (such as means, odds ratios and identification of outliers), graphing (such as histograms, case-profile plots and scatterplots), confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. Emphasis is placed on understanding and concepts; while calculations are shown in simple situations, they are deferred to software when the computations become tedious and disruptive to understanding.Almost every dataset used is a real dataset, and is available online or in an associated R package SRMData. Software output is often used when calculations become onerous. The output is sufficiently generic that the book can be used in conjunction with any statistical software.
Mathematical Inequalities Volume 1
This is Volume 1 of the five-volume book Mathematical Inequalities, that introduces and develops the main types of elementary inequalities. The first three volumes are a great opportunity to look into many old and new inequalities, as well as elementary procedures for solving them: Volume 1 - Symmetric Polynomial Inequalities, Volume 2 - Symmetric Rational and Nonrational Inequalities, Volume 3 - Cyclic and Noncyclic Inequalities. As a rule, the inequalities in these volumes are increasingly ordered according to the number of variables: two, three, four, ..., n-variables. The last two volumes (Volume 4 - Extensions and Refinements of Jensen's Inequality, Volume 5 - Other Recent Methods for Creating and Solving Inequalities) present beautiful and original methods for solving inequalities, such as Half/Partial convex function method, Equal variables method, Arithmetic compensation method, Highest coefficient cancellation method, pqr method etc. The book is intended for a wide audience: advanced middle school students, high school students, college and university students, and teachers. Many problems and methods can be used as group projects for advanced high school students.
Exercises and Solutions in Probability and Statistics
Hundreds of engaging, class-tested statistics exercises (and detailed solutions) that test student understanding of the material. Many are educational in their own right--for example, baseball managers who played professional ball were often catchers; stocks that are deleted from the Dow Jones Industrial Average generally do better than the stocks that replaced them; athletes may not get hot hands but they often get warm hands with modest improvements in their success probabilities.
Mathematical Inequalities Volume 3
This is Volume 3 of the five-volume book Mathematical Inequalities, which introduces and develops the main types of elementary inequalities. The first three volumes are a great opportunity to look into many old and new inequalities, as well as elementary procedures for solving them: Volume 1 - Symmetric Polynomial Inequalities, Volume 2 - Symmetric Rational and Nonrational Inequalities, Volume 3 - Cyclic and Noncyclic Inequalities. As a rule, the inequalities in these volumes are increasingly ordered according to the number of variables: two, three, four, ..., n-variables. The last two volumes (Volume 4 - Extensions and Refinements of Jensen's Inequality, Volume 5 - Other Recent Methods for Creating and Solving Inequalities) present beautiful and original methods for solving inequalities, such as Half/Partial convex function method, Equal variables method, Arithmetic compensation method, Highest coefficient cancellation method, pqr method etc. The book is intended for a wide audience: advanced middle school students, high school students, college and university students, and teachers. Many problems and methods can be used as group projects for advanced high school students.
