Algebra Refresher Workbook for Adults Returning to School
Struggling to remember the algebra you haven't touched since high school-just when that placement test is around the corner?Do you dread being the oldest student in class-only to freeze when the instructor writes 2x + 3 = 9 on the board?⭐️ 1st BONUS: 1-PAGE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR GUIDE⭐️ 2nd BONUS: FORMULA SHEET FOR BOOK⭐️ 3rd BONUS: WE'LL SOLVE A PROBLEM FOR YOUIf so, Algebra Refresher Workbook for Adults Returning to School is the reboot every busy learner needs. Drawing on a decade as an engineer and more than 10 years tutoring adult students, Hadden Mendoshek has distilled the most essential algebra skills into a 30-day, 30-worksheet program that fits into coffee breaks-not semesters.Inside this workbook, readers will discover: A complete 30-day road map that guides learners from integers to linear equations without guesswork.300 carefully sequenced problems-each spaced for comfortable, uncluttered work.Step-by-step walkthroughs that model exactly how to solve every type of question.Guided examples that act as an on-page tutor before the learner tries solo practice.Progressively tougher drills that build confidence one small victory at a time.Real-world applications showing how solving for x saves money, time, and stress.Handy reference sheets for formulas, properties, and number rules.Answer key for every problem.Visual aids and graphs for learners who absorb information best through images......
Social Impact of Ai: Research, Diversity and Inclusion Frameworks
The workshop proceedings SIAI 2025 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the fourth International Workshop on Social Impact of AI, SIAI 2025, which was held in Philadelphia, PA, USA, in March 2025. The 8 full papers, 4 short papers, and one poster presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. SIAI-ReDI 2025 centered on the development and assessment of inclusive AI frameworksthat prioritize ethical design, equitable deployment, and cultural context. The workshop'scall for papers invited submissions across a range of urgent topics, including: Algorithmic fairness and transparencyInclusive AI education and workforce strategiesAI in marginalized and underrepresented communitiesIntersectionality, gender, and accessibility in AICross-cultural AI governance and regulationPublic trust, participatory AI, and responsible design
7th Grade New Mexico Math for Beginners
New Mexico Grade 7 MathComprehensive & Aligned with New Mexico Math StandardsBuild strong math skills and boost confidence with this complete Grade 7 workbook designed for New Mexico students. Fully aligned with New Mexico College and Career Readiness Standards, this resource supports classroom instruction, homeschooling, and independent study, while providing focused practice for the NM-MSSA (New Mexico Measures of Student Success and Achievement) math assessment.Inside, students will find clear, step-by-step lessons covering essential Grade 7 topics such as ratios, proportional relationships, expressions, equations, geometry, and data analysis. Real-world examples and NM-MSSA-style practice questions throughout help students sharpen problem-solving skills and prepare effectively for test day.✔️ Covers all key Grade 7 New Mexico math standards ✔️ Includes NM-MSSA-style practice problems for targeted test prep ✔️ Ideal for homeschoolers, tutors, and classroom learners ✔️ Supports independent study with clear explanations and review sectionsWhether used for ongoing learning or focused NM-MSSA prep, this workbook guides New Mexico students to math success with confidence.Mathfa - Trusted by families, recommended by educators.
Adult Math Mastery
Adult Math Mastery: Complete Tutorials & Practice Workbook with 200+ QuestionsYou have arrived!Here is everything you need to pass this tough test!Over 200 Adult Math practice questions, prepared by a dedicated team of exam experts, with Detailed answer keyMath shortcutsLinks to video tutorialsStep-by-step solutionsMath tips and tricksMultiple choice strategiesMath Practice Questions and easy-to-follow Tutorials for: Fractions, Decimals and PercentWord ProblemsBasic AlgebraBasic GeometryYou also receive: - Math Multiple-Choice Strategy- How to Study for a Math Test- How to Take a TestHere is what this Math Workbook can do for you: Learn then practice your math skills! Practice test questions are the best way to prepare for an exam and this is the book that you need to fully prepare for your math test.Practice Tests familiarize you with the exam format and types of questions, giving you more confidence when you take the exam.Practice questions allow you to practice your exam time management - a critical exam-writing skill that can easily improve your grade substantially.Practice tests reduce Test Anxiety, one of the main reasons for low marks on an exam. Hundreds of questions with detailed solutions and explanations to improve your understanding of the basic concepts behind the questions.Learn powerful multiple-choice strategies designed by exam experts! Includes tips and multiple-choice strategies to increase your score you won't find anywhere else!You can get a Great Score with the Least Amount of Studying! Study Smarter, Not Harder!Remember though, it only a few percentage points divide the PASS from the FAIL students. Even if our test tips increase your score by a few percentage points, isn't that worth it?
Eleven-Digit Regular Sexagesimals and Their Recipricols
This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find publication. Illustration.
Mathematical Methods for Accident Reconstruction
This book demonstrates the application of mathematics to modeling accident reconstructions involving a range of moving vehicles, including automobiles, small and large trucks, bicycles, motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles, and construction equipment, such as hoists and cranes.The book is anchored on the basic principles of physics that may be applied to any of the above-named vehicles or equipment. Topics covered include the foundations of measurement, the various energy methods used in reconstruction, momentum methods, vehicle specifications, failure analysis, geometrical characteristics of highways, and softer scientific issues, such as visibility, perception, and reaction. The authors examine the fundamental characteristics of different vehicles, discuss the retrieval of data from crash data recorders, and review low-speed impacts with an analysis of staged collisions. Finally, it details established standards and protocols for accident reconstruction for use in both investigations and in the courtroom. In addition, this new edition covers nonvehicle-related topics like slip and fall analysis, fall protection, and engine and mechanical failure, as well as federal rules and laws that have been established for the work environment. Many reconstructions of incidents require extensive analysis that may require a variety of methods in order to properly model the incident.Exploring a broad range of accident scenarios, the breadth and depth of this book's coverage makes Mathematical Methods for Accident Reconstruction, Second Edition, a critical reference for engineers and scientists who perform vehicular accident reconstructions.
Love Triangle
AN INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER! An ode to triangles, the shape that makes our lives possible Trigonometry is perhaps the most essential concept humans have ever devised. The simple yet versatile triangle allows us to record music, map the world, launch rockets into space, and be slightly less bad at pool. Triangles underpin our day-to-day lives and civilization as we know it. In Love Triangle, Matt Parker argues we should all show a lot more love for triangles, along with all the useful trigonometry and geometry they enable. To prove his point, he uses triangles to create his own digital avatar, survive a harrowing motorcycle ride, cut a sandwich, fall in love, measure tall buildings in a few awkward bounds, and make some unusual art. Along the way, he tells extraordinary and entertaining stories of the mathematicians, engineers, and philosophers--starting with Pythagoras--who dared to take triangles seriously. This is the guide you should have had in high school--a lively and definitive answer to "Why do I need to learn about trigonometry?" Parker reveals triangles as the hidden pattern beneath the surface of the contemporary world. Like love, triangles actually are all around. And in the air. And they're all you need.
Model Theory, Computer Science, and Graph Polynomials
This festschrift honors Johann A. Makowsky on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Gathering 24 research articles authored by scientific companions, friends, and colleagues, it covers a broad variety of areas to which Johann A. Makowsky made significant contributions himself. These include several areas of mathematical logic and its relevance for Computer Science including Graph polynomials, Algorithms for graph invariants, Algorithms and descriptive complexity theory, complexity of real and algebraic computations, Mathematical logic, Model theory, Design and theory of databases, Logic in computer science and AI and Logic programming. The volume is enriched with 4 biographical essays, and two contributions by the celebrant himself.
The Mathematicians' Library
Discover the story of mathematics like never before with The Mathematicians' Library, an extraordinary collection that chronicles the evolution of mathematical thought and its profound impact on the world. This expertly curated anthology brings together the most influential works and authors from across history, showcasing the journey of mathematical discovery from ancient tablets to contemporary volumes.The Mathematicians' Library takes you through the pages of history, featuring groundbreaking works like Euclid's Elements, Fibonacci's Liber Abaci, Hilbert's Foundations of Geometry, and Mandelbrot's The Fractal Geometry of Nature. Each book offers a unique glimpse into how mathematics has shaped human civilization, guiding everything from transportation and commerce to art, science, and beyond.Mathematics is the invisible force that governs our daily lives, influencing everything from the weather forecasts we trust to the technology we depend on. It has been a cornerstone of human progress, evolving through centuries of research, discovery, and collaboration across cultures. This book reveals that legacy by presenting works that have changed the way we understand our world, from ancient knowledge inscribed on clay tablets, the contributions of Babylonian, Greek, Roman, Chinese, Islamic, and Maya scholars, The Mathematicians' Library offers unparalleled access to the greatest minds in mathematics--Plato, Pythagoras, Euclid, Hypatia, Galileo, Einstein, and more.The Mathematicians' Library is more than just a collection; it's a journey through the intellectual milestones that have defined our understanding of the world. Whether you're a scholar, a history enthusiast, or simply curious about the forces that shape our lives, this collection will captivate and inspire. Unlock the secrets of mathematics and discover the brilliance behind the numbers that rule our world. Table of contents: IntroductionThe Origins of MathematicsPrehistoricThe Global Evolution of Mathematics (Babylon, Egypt, Greece, Rome, China, India, Islam, Maya, Medieval Europe)The Scientific RevolutionModern MathematicsThe FutureBibliographyIndex
An Invitation to Real Analysis
Adopting a student-centered approach, this book anticipates and addresses the common challenges that students face when learning abstract concepts like limits, continuity, and inequalities. The text introduces these concepts gradually, giving students a clear pathway to understanding the mathematical tools that underpin much of modern science and technology. In addition to its focus on accessibility, the book maintains a strong emphasis on mathematical rigor. It provides precise, careful definitions and explanations while avoiding common teaching pitfalls, ensuring that students gain a deep understanding of core concepts, and blending algebraic and geometric perspectives to help students see the full picture. The theoretical results presented in the book are consistently applied to practical problems. By providing a clear and supportive introduction to real analysis, the book equips students with the tools they need to confidently engage with both theoretical mathematics and its wide array of practical applications.Features Student-Friendly Approach making abstract concepts relatable and engaging Balanced Focus combining algebraic and geometric perspectives Comprehensive Coverage: Covers a full range of topics, from real numbers and sequences to metric spaces and approximation theorems, while carefully building upon foundational concepts in a logical progression Emphasis on Clarity: Provides precise explanations of key mathematical definitions and theorems, avoiding common pitfalls in traditional teaching Perfect for a One-Semester Course: Tailored for a first course in real analysis Problems, exercises and solutions
Data Clustering with Python
Data clustering, an interdisciplinary field with diverse applications, has gained increasing popularity since its origins in the 1950s. Over the past six decades, researchers from various fields have proposed numerous clustering algorithms. In 2011, I wrote a book on implementing clustering algorithms in C++ using object-oriented programming. While C++ offers efficiency, its steep learning curve makes it less ideal for rapid prototyping. Since then, Python has surged in popularity, becoming the most widely used programming language since 2022. Its simplicity and extensive scientific libraries make it an excellent choice for implementing clustering algorithms.Features: Introduction to Python programming fundamentals Overview of key concepts in data clustering Implementation of popular clustering algorithms in Python Practical examples of applying clustering algorithms to datasets Access to associated Python code on GitHub This book extends my previous work by implementing clustering algorithms in Python. Unlike the object-oriented approach in C++, this book uses a procedural programming style, as Python allows many clustering algorithms to be implemented concisely. The book is divided into two parts: the first introduces Python and key libraries like NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib, while the second covers clustering algorithms, including hierarchical and partitional methods. Each chapter includes theoretical explanations, Python implementations, and practical examples, with comparisons to scikit-learn where applicable.This book is ideal for anyone interested in clustering algorithms, with no prior Python experience required. The complete source code is available at: https: //github.com/ganml/dcpython.
7th Grade Arkansas Math for Beginners
Arkansas Grade 7 MathComprehensive & Aligned with Arkansas Math StandardsBuild strong math skills and confidence with this complete Grade 7 workbook designed for Arkansas students. Fully aligned with Arkansas Mathematics Standards, this resource supports classroom instruction, homeschooling, and independent study, while providing focused practice for the ATLAS (Arkansas Test of Learning and Academic Skills) math assessment.Inside, students will find clear, step-by-step lessons covering essential Grade 7 topics such as ratios, proportional relationships, expressions, equations, geometry, and data analysis. Real-world examples and ATLAS-style practice questions throughout help students sharpen problem-solving skills and prepare effectively for test day.✔️ Covers all key Grade 7 Arkansas math standards ✔️ Includes ATLAS-style practice problems for targeted test prep ✔️ Ideal for homeschoolers, tutors, and classroom learners ✔️ Supports independent study with clear explanations and review sectionsWhether used for ongoing learning or focused ATLAS prep, this workbook guides Arkansas students to math success with confidence.
Compact Closed 2-Categories
While the Cobordism Hypothesis provides a translation between topological and categorical structures, the subject of fusion categories arising from representations of finite groups has shown the need for a robust theory of duality in monoidal 2-categories. This book intertwines 3-dimensional category theory with enriched and symmetric monoidal 2-categories to present a comprehensive foundation for duals in dimension two. This framework is presented using wire diagrams, a typographical tool that combines the geometric appeal of ordinary string diagrams with the clarity of standard commutative diagrams in category theory. Chapters on enriched 2-categories, closed 2-categories, and compact closed 2-categories build the theory from the ground up and in full detail. Shorter appendices on technical topics from higher category theory such as icons, strictification theorems, and computads provide readers with concise explanations of key results, as well as references for researchers interested in more depth. The book concludes with a chapter of examples from algebra and topology, including a detailed construction for the example of cobordisms.
Freedom in Mathematics
This book challenges the views put forward by Pierre Cartier, one of the anchors of the famous Bourbaki group, and C矇dric Villani, one of the most brilliant mathematicians of his generation, who received the Fields Medal in 2010. Jean Dhombres, mathematician and science historian, and Gerhard Heinzmann, philosopher of science and also a specialist in mathematics engage in a fruitful dialogue with the two mathematicians, prompting readers to reflect on mathematical activity and its social consequences in history as well as in the modern world. C矇dric Villani's popular success proves once again that a common awareness has developed, albeit in a very confused way, of the major role of mathematics in the construction and efficiency of natural sciences, which are at the origin of our technologies. Despite this, the idea that mathematics cannot be shared remains firmly entrenched, a perceived failing that has even been branded a lack of culture by vocal forces in the media as well as cultural and political establishment. The authors explore three major directions in their dialogue: the highly complex relationship between mathematics and reality, the subject of many debates and opposing viewpoints; the freedom that the construction of mathematics has given humankind by enabling them to develop the natural sciences as well as mathematical research; and the responsibility with which the scientific community and governments should address the role of mathematics in research and education policies.
Extreme-Scale Computing
Scientific computing is essential for tackling complex problems across many domains--but how can scientists develop high-performance and high-quality software that scales efficiently? This book serves as an accessible introduction to extreme-scale computing, specifically designed for domain scientists who may not have formal computer science training but need to harness the power of C++ and parallel computing for large-scale applications. The book begins by covering the fundamentals of scientific computing software management, including essential tools like Linux, Git, and CMake, before diving into a detailed exploration of C++ for extreme-scale computing. Readers familiar with languages like Python will gain the necessary skills to transition to C++ and build scalable, efficient software. Beyond basic programming, this book delves into hardware-aware computing, teaching readers how to optimize software performance by understanding the underlying architecture of modern computational systems. It then introduces parallel computing techniques, covering MPI for distributed memory parallelism, shared memory parallelism, CUDA for GPU programming, and Kokkos for performance portability. Further chapters focus on efficient I/O, debugging, and profiling, which all address aspects of the critical challenge of performance optimization in extreme-scale computing. The book concludes with an overview of popular libraries for extreme-scale computing, equipping readers with the tools they need to solve real-world computational problems. With a balance of theory, practical applications, and illustrative case studies, this book provides domain scientists with a comprehensive roadmap to mastering extreme-scale computing and developing highly parallel and performant software.
Exact Methods for Nonlinear Pdes
The book describes and illustrates how to apply effective analytical methods to obtain exact solutions to nonlinear differential equations of mathematical physics and other partial differential equations.
Asclepius of Tralles
This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find publication.
Descartes's Theory of Light and Refraction
Contents: (1) Historical Overview; & Descartes's Perspectivist Sources; (2) Analysis of Refraction: Cartesian Light-Theory; & A Critical Evaluation; (3) The Foundations of Perspectivist Optics: Perspectivist Light-Theory; Quantization of Light; & Comparison with Descartes's Theory of Light; (4) The Perspectivist Analysis of Refraction: Physical Model; Physical "Explanation" & The Final Cause; (5) Perspectivist Grounds of the Cartesian Proof: Mathematical Implications; From Cosines to Sines; & Descartes Revisited; (6) Cartesian Light-Theory as a Culmination; Toward a Kinetic Theory of Light; & Epistemological Consequences. App.: The Sine-Law Before Descartes; The Fermat-Descartes Controversy; & Kepler, Descartes & the Anaclastic. Illustrations.
Quadrature, Interpolation and Observability
Methods of interpolation and quadrature have been used for over 300 years. Improvements in the techniques have been made by many, most notably by Gauss, whose technique applied to polynomials is referred to as Gaussian Quadrature. Stieltjes extended Gauss's method to certain non-polynomial functions as early as 1884. Conditions that guarantee the existence of quadrature formulas for certain collections of functions were studied by Tchebycheff, and his work was extended by others. Today, a class of functions which satisfies these conditions is called a Tchebycheff System. This thesis contains the definition of a Tchebycheff System, along with the theorems, proofs, and definitions necessary to guarantee the existence of quadrature formulas for such systems. Solutions of discretely observable linear control systems are of particular interest, and observability with respect to a given output function is defined. The output function is written as a linear combination of a collection of orthonormal functions. Orthonormal functions are defined, and their properties are discussed. The technique for evaluating the coefficients in the output function involves evaluating the definite integral of functions which can be shown to form a Tchebycheff system. Therefore, quadrature formulas for these integrals exist, and in many cases are known. The technique given is useful in cases where the method of direct calculation is unstable. The condition number of a matrix is defined and shown to be an indication of the the degree to which perturbations in data affect the accuracy of the solution. In special cases, the number of data points required for direct calculation is the same as the number required by the method presented in this thesis. But the method is shown to require more data points in other cases. A lower bound for the number of data points required is given.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Collected Mathematical Papers of James Joseph Sylvester ..
This collection brings together the seminal mathematical papers of James Joseph Sylvester, a prominent 19th-century mathematician. Sylvester's work spanned a range of mathematical fields, including algebra, number theory, and geometry. This compilation offers insights into the development of mathematical thought during a transformative period. Edited by H.F. Baker, this collection, titled "The Collected Mathematical Papers of James Joseph Sylvester," stands as a testament to Sylvester's enduring contributions to the field. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Collected Mathematical Papers of James Joseph Sylvester ..
This collection brings together the seminal mathematical papers of James Joseph Sylvester, a prominent 19th-century mathematician. Sylvester's work spanned a range of mathematical fields, including algebra, number theory, and geometry. This compilation offers insights into the development of mathematical thought during a transformative period. Edited by H.F. Baker, this collection, titled "The Collected Mathematical Papers of James Joseph Sylvester," stands as a testament to Sylvester's enduring contributions to the field. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Treatise on the Theory and Solution of Algebraical Equations
"A Treatise on the Theory and Solution of Algebraical Equations" by John Macnie, originally published in 1876, is a comprehensive exploration of algebraic equations. This enduring work delves into the theoretical underpinnings of algebra, offering detailed methods for solving various types of equations. Aimed at students and scholars alike, the treatise provides a rigorous and systematic approach to understanding the complexities of algebraic solutions. Macnie's book covers a wide range of topics, ensuring readers gain a solid foundation in algebraic principles. This edition preserves the original insights and methodologies, making it an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the historical development of mathematical thought and the techniques used in solving algebraical equations during the late 19th century.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Consistency Results for the ROC Curves of Fused Classifiers
The U.S. Air Force is researching the fusion of multiple classifiers. Given a finite collection of classifiers one seeks a new fused classifier with improved performance. An established performance quantifier is the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, which allows one to view the probability of detection versus the probability of false alarm in one graph. Previous research shows that one does not have to perform tests to determine the ROC curve of this new fused classifier. If the ROC curve for each individual classifier has been determined, then formulas for the ROC curve of the fused classifier exist for certain fusion rules. This will be an enormous saving in time and money since the performance of many fused classifiers can be determined analytically. In reality only finite data is available so only an estimated ROC curve can be constructed. It has been proven that estimated ROC curves will converge to the true ROC curve in probability. This research examines if convergence is preserved when these estimated ROC curves are fused. It provides a general result for fusion rules that are governed by a Lipschitz continuous ROC fusion function and establishes a metric that can be used to prove this convergence.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Basic Unit System
Basic Unit System, penned by Harry B. Clyatt, offers a comprehensive exploration of fundamental units of measurement. Published in 1921, this enduring work serves as a vital reference for scientists, engineers, and students seeking a robust understanding of foundational measurement principles. The book delves into the intricacies of establishing and utilizing basic units across various scientific and technical disciplines.Clyatt's clear and concise approach makes this book an invaluable resource for anyone working with quantitative data. Explore the establishment of standards and their applications in practical scenarios. This book provides a historical yet relevant perspective on the bedrock of metrology.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Practical Geometry in the High Middle Ages
Contents: (I) The Place of Practical Geometry in the Middle Ages: The Nature of Practical Geometry; Practical Geometry in Education; Theory and Practice in Geometry; and Practical Geometry and Practical Concerns; (II) The Contents of "Artis cuiuslibet consummatio" and the "Pratike de geometrie"; (III) Procedures in the Editions, Translations, and Commentary: Editing "Artis cuiuslibet consummatio"; Editing the "Pratike de geometrie"; Translating the Texts; and About the commentary; and (IV) English translation of "Arts cuiuslibet consummatio" and of the "Pratike de geometrie." Selected Bibliography, Index of Latin Technical Terms, Index of Old French Technical Terms, and Index of Astronomical Parameters. Illus.
A Treatise on the Theory and Solution of Algebraical Equations
"A Treatise on the Theory and Solution of Algebraical Equations" by John Macnie, originally published in 1876, is a comprehensive exploration of algebraic equations. This enduring work delves into the theoretical underpinnings of algebra, offering detailed methods for solving various types of equations. Aimed at students and scholars alike, the treatise provides a rigorous and systematic approach to understanding the complexities of algebraic solutions. Macnie's book covers a wide range of topics, ensuring readers gain a solid foundation in algebraic principles. This edition preserves the original insights and methodologies, making it an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the historical development of mathematical thought and the techniques used in solving algebraical equations during the late 19th century.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Elements of Geometry and Trigonometry From the Works of A. M. Legendre
"Elements of Geometry and Trigonometry" presents a comprehensive exploration of fundamental geometric principles and trigonometric functions, derived from the esteemed works of A. M. Legendre. This enduring text, originally published in 1869, offers a rigorous and systematic approach to understanding Euclidean geometry and its applications in trigonometry. Legendre's clear and precise exposition makes this book an invaluable resource for students and scholars seeking a solid foundation in mathematical reasoning. The text covers a wide range of topics, from basic geometric constructions to advanced trigonometric identities, all presented with meticulous detail and clarity. This edition preserves the historical significance of Legendre's work while providing contemporary readers with access to essential mathematical knowledge.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A First Course in Algebra
"A First Course in Algebra," originally published in 1908, offers a comprehensive introduction to algebraic principles and problem-solving techniques. Designed for students beginning their study of algebra, this text provides a systematic approach to understanding fundamental concepts. Webster Wells, a prominent mathematics educator, presents clear explanations and numerous examples to aid comprehension. The book covers essential topics such as equations, polynomials, factoring, and radicals, laying a solid foundation for further mathematical studies. This edition retains the original content, ensuring that readers experience the timeless methods of teaching algebra that have proven effective for generations. This book is valuable for students, educators, and anyone interested in the historical development of mathematical education.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Mathematical Programming Model for Fighter Training Squadron Pilot Scheduling
The United States Air Force fighter training squadrons build weekly schedules using a long and tedious process. Very little of this process is automated and optimality of any kind is nearly impossible. Schedules are built to a feasible condition only to be changed with consideration of Wing level requirements. Weekly flying schedules are restricted by requirements for crew rest, days since a pilot's last sortie, sorties in the last 30 days, and sorties in the last 90 days. By providing a scheduling model to the pilot charged with creating the schedule, valuable pilot hours could be spent in the cockpit, simulator, or other required duty. This research effort presents a mathematical programming (MP) approach to the fighter squadron pilot training scheduling problem. The methodology presented is based on binary variables that will provide integer solutions to every feasible set of inputs. A simulator heuristic developed specifically for this problem assigns pilots to simulator sorties based on the feasible solutions obtained from two different formulation and solving approaches. One approach assigns training mission sorties and duties for the entire week, while the other approach breaks the week into ten successive sub-problems. The model constructs two feasible schedules in approximately 2.5 minutes.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An Investigation of the Effects of Correlation, Autocorrelation, and Sample Size in Classifier Fusion
This thesis extends the research found in Storm, Bauer, and Oxley, 2003. Data correlation effects and sample size effects on three classifier fusion techniques and one data fusion technique were investigated. Identification System Operating Characteristic Fusion (Haspert, 2000), the Receiver Operating Characteristic "Within" Fusion method (Oxley and Bauer, 2002), and a Probabilistic Neural Network were the three classifier fusion techniques; a Generalized Regression Neural Network was the data fusion technique. Correlation was injected into the data set both within a feature set (autocorrelation) and across feature sets for a variety of classification problems, and sample size was varied throughout. Total Probability of Misclassification (TPM) was calculated for some problems to show the effect of correlation on TPM.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
7th Grade North Carolina Math for Beginners
7th Grade North Carolina MathComprehensive & Aligned with North Carolina Math StandardsBoost math skills and build confidence with this complete 7th-grade workbook designed for North Carolina students. Fully aligned with the North Carolina Standard Course of Study, this resource supports classroom instruction, homeschooling, and independent study, while providing focused practice for the EOG (End-of-Grade) math assessment.Inside, students will find clear, step-by-step lessons covering essential 7th-grade topics such as ratios, proportional relationships, expressions, equations, geometry, and data analysis. Practical examples and EOG-style practice questions throughout help students sharpen problem-solving skills and prepare effectively for test day.✔️ Covers all key 7th-grade North Carolina math standards ✔️ Includes EOG-style practice problems for targeted test prep ✔️ Ideal for homeschoolers, tutors, and classroom learners ✔️ Supports independent study with clear explanations and review sectionsWhether used for ongoing learning or focused EOG prep, this workbook guides North Carolina students to math success with confidence.Mathfa - Trusted by families, recommended by educators.
Basic Unit System
Basic Unit System, penned by Harry B. Clyatt, offers a comprehensive exploration of fundamental units of measurement. Published in 1921, this enduring work serves as a vital reference for scientists, engineers, and students seeking a robust understanding of foundational measurement principles. The book delves into the intricacies of establishing and utilizing basic units across various scientific and technical disciplines.Clyatt's clear and concise approach makes this book an invaluable resource for anyone working with quantitative data. Explore the establishment of standards and their applications in practical scenarios. This book provides a historical yet relevant perspective on the bedrock of metrology.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Quadrature, Interpolation and Observability
Methods of interpolation and quadrature have been used for over 300 years. Improvements in the techniques have been made by many, most notably by Gauss, whose technique applied to polynomials is referred to as Gaussian Quadrature. Stieltjes extended Gauss's method to certain non-polynomial functions as early as 1884. Conditions that guarantee the existence of quadrature formulas for certain collections of functions were studied by Tchebycheff, and his work was extended by others. Today, a class of functions which satisfies these conditions is called a Tchebycheff System. This thesis contains the definition of a Tchebycheff System, along with the theorems, proofs, and definitions necessary to guarantee the existence of quadrature formulas for such systems. Solutions of discretely observable linear control systems are of particular interest, and observability with respect to a given output function is defined. The output function is written as a linear combination of a collection of orthonormal functions. Orthonormal functions are defined, and their properties are discussed. The technique for evaluating the coefficients in the output function involves evaluating the definite integral of functions which can be shown to form a Tchebycheff system. Therefore, quadrature formulas for these integrals exist, and in many cases are known. The technique given is useful in cases where the method of direct calculation is unstable. The condition number of a matrix is defined and shown to be an indication of the the degree to which perturbations in data affect the accuracy of the solution. In special cases, the number of data points required for direct calculation is the same as the number required by the method presented in this thesis. But the method is shown to require more data points in other cases. A lower bound for the number of data points required is given.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Updating Optimal Decisions Using Game Theory and Exploring Risk Behavior Through Response Surface Methodology
This thesis utilizes game theory within a framework for updating optimal decisions based on new information as it becomes available. Methodology is developed that allows a decision maker to change his perceived optimal policy based on available knowledge of the opponents strategy, where the opponent is a rational decision maker or a random component nature. Utility theory is applied to account for the different risk preferences of the decision makers. Furthermore, response surface methodology is used to explore good risk strategies for the decision maker to approach each situation with. The techniques are applied to a combat scenario, a football game, and a terrorist resource allocation problem, providing a decision maker with the best possible strategy given the information available to him. The results are intuitive and exemplify the benefits of using the methods.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Anderson-Darling and Cramer-Von Mises Based Goodness-of-Fit Tests for the Weibull Distribution With Known Shape Using Normalized Spacings
Two new goodness-of-_t tests are developed for the three-parameter Weibull distribution with known shape parameter. These procedures eliminate the need for estimating the unknown location and scale parameters prior to initiating the tests and are easily adapted for censored data. This is accomplished by employing the Anderson-Darling A2 s and Cram_er-von Mises W2 S statistics based on the normalized spacings of the sample data. Critical values of A2 s and W2 s are obtained for common signi_cance levels by large Monte Carlo simulations for shapes of 0.5(0.5)4.0 and sample sizes of 5(5)40 with up to 40% censoring (type II) from the left and/or right. An extensive Monte Carlo power study is also conducted to compare the two tests with each other and with their prominent competitors. The competitors include another spacings test, Z_, and the modi_ed Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), Cram_er- von Mises (W2) and Anderson-Darling (A2) EDF tests. The power results indicate that no one test is superior in all situations. When the alternatives considered are tested against a skewed Weibull null distribution, A2 s and W2 s achieve considerably higher power than the other EDF tests, but do not perform as well as Z_. On the other hand, when the null distribution is symmetric, Z_ loses all of its power, while A2 s and W2 s yield power comparable to the other EDF tests. Results also show A2 s generally outperforms W2 s, and for these reasons, A2 s is the preferred test for the three-parameter Weibull with known shape.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A New Sequential Goodness of Fit Test for the Three-Parameter Gamma Distribution With Known Shape Based on Skewness and Kurtosis
This research presents a sequential goodness of fit test for the three-parameter gamma distribution with a known shape. The test is accomplished by employing the two new tests, sample skewness and sample kurtosis, sequentially as test statistics. Unlike the typical goodness of fits using parameter estimation methods such as MLE (maximum likelihood estimation) and MD (minimum distance estimation). This sequential goodness of fit tests using two test statistics above do not involve a substantial degree of computational complexity. Critical values are obtained using large Monte Carlo simulations, which use 'percentile' function, for shapes of 0.5(0.5)4.0 and sample sizes of 5(5)50. Attained significance levels for all combinations of the two tests between = 0:01(0:01)0:20 are also approximated with Monte Carlo simulations. Extensive power studies are then conducted against two sets of alternatives. One is against common alternative distributions and the other is comparative study whose competitor are popular EDF test statistics such as the Anderson-Darling, Cramer-von Mises, and Komogrov-Smirove tests.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Elements Of Descriptive Geometry
"The Elements Of Descriptive Geometry" by Joseph Woolley is a detailed exposition on the principles of descriptive geometry and its practical applications, particularly in shipbuilding. This first part of the treatise offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental concepts, providing readers with a solid foundation in the subject. Woolley meticulously explains the methods of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions, essential for accurate drafting and design. The book is invaluable for students, engineers, and naval architects seeking a thorough understanding of descriptive geometry's role in technical fields. Its historical context adds to its significance, offering insights into the practices of 19th-century shipbuilding and engineering.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Statistical Methods and Applications in Systems Assurance and Quality
In the era of big data and real-time monitoring, vast amounts of information are generated every second through sensors and advanced tracking systems. The information contained in the data needs to be carefully analyzed and accurate results must be delivered to the users as soon as possible. This book explores the critical role of statistics in modern technologies and applied sciences such as health, informatics, and production systems.Statistical Methods and Applications in Systems Assurance and Quality provides a comprehensive overview of statistical methods for ensuring system quality and reliability. It discusses best practices for improving the quality of manufacturing products by using proper statistical methods. The book covers the current state of statistical methods used for system quality and conveys the importance of healthcare systems and employing statistics in the detection of epidemic outbreaks.Designed for researchers, industry professionals, and academics, this reference is ideal for those working in manufacturing, healthcare, computer engineering, statistical process control, and machine learning applications. It serves as a valuable resource for anyone seeking to enhance system performance through data-driven insights.
Cross-Resolution Combat Model Calibration Using Bootstrap Sampling
The US Air Force uses many combat simulation models to assist them in performing combat analyses. BRAWLER is a high-resolution air-to-air combat simulation model used for engagement-level analyses of few-on-few air combat. THUNDER is a low-resolution combat simulation model used for campaign-level analyses of theater-level warfare. BRAWLER is frequently used to ensure that THUNDER air-to-air inputs are valid. This thesis describes the confederation of THUNDER and BRAWLER by clearly showing how one particular BRAWLER output, the effectiveness of a missile type, is transformed into THUNDER air-to-air input data. Since BRAWLER is a stochastic simulation model, it is necessary to replicate a number of BRAWLER simulation runs in order to obtain a sufficiently accurate estimate of the mean missile effectiveness, a number that varies for each different BRAWLER combat scenario. This thesis focuses on using two different sequential methods to determine when the minimum number of BRAWLER runs has been performed to obtain a specified relative precision. One method uses classical statistical analysis techniques, while the other uses the more modern technique of bootstrap resampling. The performance of these two methods is compared.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Application of Category Theory and Analysis of Receiver Operating Characteristics to Information Fusion
Multisensor data fusion is presented in a rigorous mathematical format, with definitions consistent with the desires of the data fusion community. A model of event-state fusion is developed and described . Definitions of fusion rules and fusors are introduced, along with functor categories, of which they are objects. Defining fusors and competing fusion rules involves the use of an objective function of the researchers choice. One such objective function, a functional on families of classification systems, and in particular receiver operating characteristics (ROCs), is introduced. Its use as an objective function is demonstrated in that the argument which minimizes it (a particular ROC), corresponds to the Bayes Optimal threshold, given certain assumptions, within a family of classification systems. This constraint is extended to ROC manifolds in higher dimensions. Under different data assumptions, the minimizing argument of the ROC functional is shown to be the point of a ROC manifold corresponding to the Neyman-Pearson criteria. A second functional is shown to determine the min-max threshold. A more robust functional is developed.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
