Linear Algebra
1 - Algebraic Preamble.- Groups, Rings and Fields.- Permutation Groups.- Problems 1.- 2 - Vector Spaces and Linear Maps.- Vector Spaces and Algebras.- Bases and Dimension.- Linear Maps.- Direct Sums.- Addendum - Modules.- Problems 2.- 3 - Matrices, Determinants and Linear Equations.- Matrices.- Determinants.- Systems of Linear Equations.- Problems 3.- 4 - Cayley-Hamilton Theorem and Jordan Form.- Polynomials.- Cayley-Hamilton and Spectral Theorems.- Jordan Form.- Problems 4.- 5 - Interlude on Finite Fields.- Finite Fields.- Applications - Linear Codes and Finite Matrix Groups.- Problems 5.- 6 - Hermitian and Inner Product Spaces.- Hermitian and Inner Products, and Norms.- Unitary and Self-adjoint Maps.- Orthogonal and Symmetric Maps.- Problems 6.- 7 - Selected Topics.- The Geometry of Real Quadratic Forms.- Normed Algebras, Quaternions and Cayley Numbers.- to the Representation of Finite Groups.- Problems 7.- Appendix A - Set Theory.- Sets and Maps.- Problems A.- Appendix B - Answers and Solutions to the Problems.- Notation Index.- Definition Index.- Theorem Index.
Integral Equation Methods for Evolutionary Pde
1 Some examples of causal convolutions.- 2 Convolution quadrature for hyperbolic symbols.- 3 Algorithms for CQ: linear multistep methods.- 4 Acoustic scattering in the time domain.- 5 Runge-Kutta CQ.- 6 Transient electromagnetism.- 7 Boundary-field formulations.- 8 Parabolic problems.- 9 Data sparse methods and other topics.
How Data Quality Affects Our Understanding of the Earnings Distribution
This open access book demonstrates how data quality issues affect all surveys and proposes methods that can be utilised to deal with the observable components of survey error in a statistically sound manner. This book begins by profiling the post-Apartheid period in South Africa's history when the sampling frame and survey methodology for household surveys was undergoing periodic changes due to the changing geopolitical landscape in the country. This book profiles how different components of error had disproportionate magnitudes in different survey years, including coverage error, sampling error, nonresponse error, measurement error, processing error and adjustment error. The parameters of interest concern the earnings distribution, but despite this outcome of interest, the discussion is generalizable to any question in a random sample survey of households or firms. This book then investigates questionnaire design and item nonresponse by building a response propensity modelfor the employee income question in two South African labour market surveys: the October Household Survey (OHS, 1997-1999) and the Labour Force Survey (LFS, 2000-2003). This time period isolates a period of changing questionnaire design for the income question. Finally, this book is concerned with how to employee income data with a mixture of continuous data, bounded response data and nonresponse. A variable with this mixture of data types is called coarse data. Because the income question consists of two parts -- an initial, exact income question and a bounded income follow-up question -- the resulting statistical distribution of employee income is both continuous and discrete. The book shows researchers how to appropriately deal with coarse income data using multiple imputation. The take-home message from this book is that researchers have a responsibility to treat data quality concerns in a statistically sound manner, rather than making adjustments to public-use data in arbitrary ways, often underpinned by undefensible assumptions about an implicit unobservable loss function in the data. The demonstration of how this can be done provides a replicable concept map with applicable methods that can be utilised in any sample survey.
Celebrating J.D. Murray's Contributions to Mathematical Biology
The Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, the official journal of the Society for Mathematical Biology, disseminates original research findings and other information relevant to the interface of biology and the mathematical sciences. Contributions should have relevance to both fields. In order to accommodate the broad scope of new developments, the journal accepts a variety of contributions, including: Original research articles focused on new biological insights gained with the help of tools from the mathematical sciences or new mathematical tools and methods with demonstrated applicability to biological investigationsResearch in mathematical biology educationReviewsCommentariesPerspectives, and contributions that discuss issues important to the professionAll contributions are peer-reviewed.
How Data Quality Affects Our Understanding of the Earnings Distribution
This open access book demonstrates how data quality issues affect all surveys and proposes methods that can be utilised to deal with the observable components of survey error in a statistically sound manner. This book begins by profiling the post-Apartheid period in South Africa's history when the sampling frame and survey methodology for household surveys was undergoing periodic changes due to the changing geopolitical landscape in the country. This book profiles how different components of error had disproportionate magnitudes in different survey years, including coverage error, sampling error, nonresponse error, measurement error, processing error and adjustment error. The parameters of interest concern the earnings distribution, but despite this outcome of interest, the discussion is generalizable to any question in a random sample survey of households or firms. This book then investigates questionnaire design and item nonresponse by building a response propensity modelfor the employee income question in two South African labour market surveys: the October Household Survey (OHS, 1997-1999) and the Labour Force Survey (LFS, 2000-2003). This time period isolates a period of changing questionnaire design for the income question. Finally, this book is concerned with how to employee income data with a mixture of continuous data, bounded response data and nonresponse. A variable with this mixture of data types is called coarse data. Because the income question consists of two parts -- an initial, exact income question and a bounded income follow-up question -- the resulting statistical distribution of employee income is both continuous and discrete. The book shows researchers how to appropriately deal with coarse income data using multiple imputation. The take-home message from this book is that researchers have a responsibility to treat data quality concerns in a statistically sound manner, rather than making adjustments to public-use data in arbitrary ways, often underpinned by undefensible assumptions about an implicit unobservable loss function in the data. The demonstration of how this can be done provides a replicable concept map with applicable methods that can be utilised in any sample survey.
Advances in Optimization and Applications
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Optimization and Applications, OPTIMA 2022, held in Petrovac, Montenegro, during September 26-30, 2022. The 13 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: ​mathematical programming; global optimization; discrete and combinatorial optimization; optimization and data analysis; game theory and mathematical economics; and applications.
Fractional Calculus Operators and the Mittag-Leffler Function
This book focuses on applications of the theory of fractional calculus in numerical analysis and various fields of physics and engineering. Inequalities involving fractional calculus operators containing the Mittag-Leffler function in their kernels are of particular interest. Special attention is given to dynamical models, magnetization, hypergeometric series, initial and boundary value problems, and fractional differential equations, among others.
How Many Zeroes?
This graduate textbook presents an approach through toric geometry to the problem of estimating the isolated solutions (counted with appropriate multiplicity) of n polynomial equations in n variables over an algebraically closed field. The text collects and synthesizes a number of works on Bernstein's theorem of counting solutions of generic systems, ultimately presenting the theorem, commentary, and extensions in a comprehensive and coherent manner. It begins with Bernstein's original theorem expressing solutions of generic systems in terms of the mixed volume of their Newton polytopes, including complete proofs of its recent extension to affine space and some applications to open problems. The text also applies the developed techniques to derive and generalize Kushnirenko's results on Milnor numbers of hypersurface singularities, which has served as a precursor to the development of toric geometry. Ultimately, the book aims to present material in an elementary format, developing all necessary algebraic geometry to provide a truly accessible overview suitable to second-year graduate students.
Festschrift for Martin Purvis. An Information Science "Renaissance Man"
Prof Dr Martin K Purvis spent most of his academic life with the Department of Information Science at the University of Otago, Aotearoa New Zealand. Former and current fellow academics and postgraduate students contributed to this collected volume of scholarly articles and reflections to honour the immensely productive career of Prof Purvis. This festschrift's breadth and depth of topics is indicative of Martin's expertise and interests and is a call for rejuvenating a "renaissance" view of information science and computing. We hope, that a wide range of scholarly readers will enjoy the topics covered and thoughts shared.
Teaching Multiplication Using LEGO(R) Bricks
In Teaching Multiplication Using LEGO(R) Bricks, Dr. Shirley Disseler has developed activities that work to help students learn the basics of multiplication, using a common toy available in most classrooms and homes-LEGO(R) bricks!Multiplication is not simply the rote memorization of times tables. Students need to understand multiplication concepts. LEGO(R)bricks are the perfect manipulative to help students model, utilizing their creative and logical processes together.In this book, the hands-on activities using LEGO(R) bricks help students learn: - the meaning of multiplication as repeated addition- the vocabulary of multiplication- basic multiplication facts- one-digit multiplication- two-digit and larger multiplicationThe book starts at the most basic concepts and focuses on a specific topic in each chapter. Most students learn these concepts between grades 2 - 5.Using LEGO(R) bricks to model math provides a universal language. Children everywhere recognize this manipulative.It's fun to learn when you're using LEGO(R) bricks!
Stacks Project Expository Collection
The Stacks Project Expository Collection (SPEC) compiles expository articles in advanced algebraic geometry, intended to bring graduate students and researchers up to speed on recent developments in the geometry of algebraic spaces and algebraic stacks. The articles in the text make explicit in modern language many results, proofs, and examples that were previously only implicit, incomplete, or expressed in classical terms in the literature. Where applicable this is done by explicitly referring to the Stacks project for preliminary results. Topics include the construction and properties of important moduli problems in algebraic geometry (such as the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli of curves, the Picard functor, or moduli of semistable vector bundles and sheaves), and arithmetic questions for fields and algebraic spaces.
Model and Mathematics: From the 19th to the 21st Century
How to Grasp an Abstraction: Mathematical Models and Their Vicissitudes between 1830 and 1950. Introduction.- Knowing by Drawing: Geometric Material Models in 19th Century France.- Wilhelm Fiedler and his Models-the Polytechnic Side.- Models from the Nineteenth Century Used for Visualizing Optical Phenomena and Line Geometry.- Modeling Parallel Transport.- The great yogurt project: models and symmetry principles in early particle physics.- Interview with Myfanwy Evans: Entanglements on and Models of Periodic Minimal Surfaces.- The dialectics archetypes / types (universal categorical constructions / concrete models) in the work of Alexander Grothendieck.- 'Analogies, ' 'Interpretations, ' 'Images, ' 'Systems' and 'Models': Some Remarks on the History of Abstract Representation in the Sciences since the Nineteenth Century.- Mappings, Models, Abstraction, and Imaging: Mathematical Contributions to Modern Thinking circa 1900.- Thinking with Notations: Epistemic Actions and Epistemic Activities in Mathematical Practice.- Matrices - Compensating the Loss of Anschauung .- Interview with Anja Sattelmacher: Between Viewing and Touching - Models and Their Materiality.- Interview with Ulf Hashagen: Exhibitions and Mathematical Models in the 19th and 20th Centuries.- Interview with Andreas Daniel Matt: Real-Time Mathematics.
Motion Control: Multi-Faceted Movement in Space, Time and Neurological Impairment
This book addresses the mathematical and the practical aspects of motion implied by advanced control theory. The richness and power of the theory are demonstrated by separate analyses of single-model and multi-modal repertoires, consisting of verities of estimation and control facets. Starting with purely mathematical concepts, specifically, abstract probability and information theories, model control theory is gradually revealed as a rather amazing domain. The mathematical equations, taking essentially simple forms, are exposed as powerful generators of motion. Moreover, seemingly obvious applications of the theory, such as high-performance aircraft control make room for unexpected virtual reality feedback in control of motion for the neurologically impaired.Following the presentation of some historical milestones and mathematical preliminaries, the book is divided into four parts. The first deals with minimal-order models of state estimation and control. The second addresses multi-modal estimation and control, which facilitates the operation of high-performance aircraft in large flight envelopes. The third presents the transition from naturally nonlinear control of movement in obstacle avoidance and object targeting to virtually linear control of movement in the neurologically impaired. The fourth and final part of the book addresses the application of virtual sensory feedback in walking with specific neurological impairment. While the clinical studies reported were all based on a single-model paradigm, a later reflection reveals that, given the variety of neurological symptoms associated with the relevant disorders, a multi-modal approach, as that addressed in the control of high-performance aircraft in a large flight envelope, would be similarly applicable in the treatment of neurological disorders.
Analysis and Differential Equations (Second Edition)
The book presents advanced methods of integral calculus and optimization, the classical theory of ordinary and partial differential equations and systems of dynamical equations. It provides explicit solutions of linear and nonlinear differential equations, and implicit solutions with discrete approximations.The main changes of this second edition are: the addition of theoretical sections proving the existence and the unicity of the solutions for linear differential equations on real and complex spaces and for nonlinear differential equations defined by locally Lipschitz functions of the derivatives, as well as the approximations of nonlinear parabolic, elliptic, and hyperbolic equations with locally differentiable operators which allow to prove the existence of their solutions; furthermore, the behavior of the solutions of differential equations under small perturbations of the initial condition or of the differential operators is studied.
Collected Papers in Honor of Yoshihiro Shibata
Yoshihiro Shibata has made many significant contributions to the area of mathematical fluid mechanics over the course of his illustrious career, including landmark work on the Navier-Stokes equations. The papers collected here -- on the occasion of his 70th birthday -- are written by world-renowned researchers and celebrate his decades of outstanding achievements.
Mathematical Geography in the Eighteenth Century: Euler, Lagrange and Lambert
Part 1: Essays.- 1 Renzo Caddeo and Athanase Papadopoulos, Introduction.- 2 Athanase Papadopoulos, Ancient geography: some markers.- 3 Athanase Papadopoulos, Euler and Maupertuis on the figure of the Earth.- 4 Charalampos Charitos, On the duration of the passage of a star from an almucantar to another.- 5 Charalampos Charitos, The differential equations in Euler's work on geography.- 6 Athanase Papadopoulos, Euler, Delisle and cartography.- 7 Charalampos Charitos and Athanase Papadopoulos, On Delisle's geographical projection.- 8 Charalampos Charitos, Lagrange's method for the construction of geographical maps.- 9 Athanase Papadopoulos, Some notes on the impact of Lagrange's memoir On the construction of geographical maps.- 10 Annette A'Campo-Neuen, Lambert's work on geographic map projections.- Part II: Sources.- 11 Vincent Alberge and Athanase Papadopoulos, Elements of spheroidal trigonometry drawn from the method of maxima and minima. Leonhard Euler.- 12 Renzo Caddeo, On the representation of the spherical surface on the plane. Leonhard Euler.- 13 Renzo Caddeo, On the geographical projection of the surface of the sphere. Leonhard Euler.- 14 Renzo Caddeo, On Delisle's geographical projection used for a general map of the Russian Empire. Leonhard Euler.- 15 Vincent Alberge and Athanase Papadopoulos, On the construction of geographical maps. Joseph-Louis Lagrange.- 16 Annette A'Campo-Neuen, Notes and comments on the composition of terrestrial and celestial maps. Johann Heinrich Lambert.
Index Theory Beyond the Fredholm Case
This book is about extending index theory to some examples where non-Fredholm operators arise. It focuses on one aspect of the problem of what replaces the notion of spectral flow and the Fredholm index when the operators in question have zero in their essential spectrum. Most work in this topic stems from the so-called Witten index that is discussed at length here. The new direction described in these notes is the introduction of `spectral flow beyond the Fredholm case'.Creating a coherent picture of numerous investigations and scattered notions of the past 50 years, this work carefully introduces spectral flow, the Witten index and the spectral shift function and describes their relationship. After the introduction, Chapter 2 carefully reviews Double Operator Integrals, Chapter 3 describes the class of so-called p-relative trace class perturbations, followed by the construction of Krein's spectral shift function in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 reviews the analytic approach to spectral flow, culminating in Chapter 6 in the main abstract result of the book, namely the so-called principal trace formula. Chapter 7 completes the work with illustrations of the main results using explicit computations on two examples: the Dirac operator in Rd, and a differential operator on an interval. Throughout, attention is paid to the history of the subject and earlier references are provided accordingly. The book is aimed at experts in index theory as well as newcomers to the field.
Deterministic, Stochastic and Thermodynamic Modelling of Some Interacting Species
This book presents the understanding of how the different forms of regulatory mechanisms, like birth and death, competition, consumption and the like, result in changes in the stability and dynamics of ecological systems. It deals with a profound and unique insight into the mathematical richness of basic ecological models. Organised into eight chapters, the book discusses the models of mathematical ecology, the dynamical models of single-species system in a polluted environment, the dynamical behaviour of different nonautonomous two species systems in a polluted environment, the influence of environmental noise in Gompertzian and logistic growth models, stability behaviour in randomly fluctuating versus deterministic environments of two interacting species, stochastic analysis of a demographic model of urbanization and stability behaviour of a social group by means of loop analysis, thermodynamic criteria of stability and stochastic criteria of stability. The book will be useful tothe researchers and graduate students who wish to pursue research in mathematical ecology.
Classical Numerical Analysis
Numerical Analysis is a broad field, and coming to grips with all of it may seem like a daunting task. This text provides a thorough and comprehensive exposition of all the topics contained in a classical graduate sequence in numerical analysis. With an emphasis on theory and connections with linear algebra and analysis, the book shows all the rigor of numerical analysis. Its high level and exhaustive coverage will prepare students for research in the field and become a valuable reference as they continue their career. Students will appreciate the simple notation, clear assumptions and arguments, as well as the many examples and classroom-tested exercises ranging from simple verification to qualifying exam-level problems. In addition to the many examples with hand calculations, readers will also be able to translate theory into practical computational codes by running sample MATLAB codes as they try out new concepts.
Topics in Groups and Geometry
This book provides a detailed exposition of a wide range of topics in geometric group theory, inspired by Gromov's pivotal work in the 1980s. It includes classical theorems on nilpotent groups and solvable groups, a fundamental study of the growth of groups, a detailed look at asymptotic cones, and a discussion of related subjects including filters and ultrafilters, dimension theory, hyperbolic geometry, amenability, the Burnside problem, and random walks on groups. The results are unified under the common theme of Gromov's theorem, namely that finitely generated groups of polynomial growth are virtually nilpotent. This beautiful result gave birth to a fascinating new area of research which is still active today.The purpose of the book is to collect these naturally related results together in one place, most of which are scattered throughout the literature, some of them appearing here in book form for the first time. In this way, the connections between these topics are revealed, providing a pleasant introduction to geometric group theory based on ideas surrounding Gromov's theorem. The book will be of interest to mature undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics who are familiar with basic group theory and topology, and who wish to learn more about geometric, analytic, and probabilistic aspects of infinite groups.
Bayes Factors for Forensic Decision Analyses with R
Bayes Factors for Forensic Decision Analyses with R provides a self-contained introduction to computational Bayesian statistics using R. With its primary focus on Bayes factors supported by data sets, this book features an operational perspective, practical relevance, and applicability--keeping theoretical and philosophical justifications limited. It offers a balanced approach to three naturally interrelated topics: Probabilistic Inference - Relies on the core concept of Bayesian inferential statistics, to help practicing forensic scientists in the logical and balanced evaluation of the weight of evidence.Decision Making - Features how Bayes factors are interpreted in practical applications to help address questions of decision analysis involving the use of forensic science in the law.Operational Relevance - Combines inference and decision, backed up with practical examples and complete sample code in R, including sensitivity analyses and discussion on how to interpret results in context.Over the past decades, probabilistic methods have established a firm position as a reference approach for the management of uncertainty in virtually all areas of science, including forensic science, with Bayes' theorem providing the fundamental logical tenet for assessing how new information--scientific evidence--ought to be weighed. Central to this approach is the Bayes factor, which clarifies the evidential meaning of new information, by providing a measure of the change in the odds in favor of a proposition of interest, when going from the prior to the posterior distribution. Bayes factors should guide the scientist's thinking about the value of scientific evidence and form the basis of logical and balanced reporting practices, thus representing essential foundations for rational decision making under uncertainty.This book would be relevant to students, practitioners, and applied statisticiansinterested in inference and decision analyses in the critical field of forensic science. It could be used to support practical courses on Bayesian statistics and decision theory at both undergraduate and graduate levels, and will be of equal interest to forensic scientists and practitioners of Bayesian statistics for driving their evaluations and the use of R for their purposes.This book is Open Access.
Developmental Education Preparation
Developmental Education Preparation suggests faculty development that can be used for teaching developmental education and corequisites courses, specifically in mathematics. Providing a look into the needs of students that may not be prepared for college level courses, the premise of the book is to prepare the faculty as much as possible to handle a developmental course. Complete with techniques, pedagogy, instructional skills, when combined all together, this book can help with developing meaningful professional development on any campus across the nation. The interviews presented in this book provide the reality of some faculty of developmental mathematics education and revealed common trends in the needs and characteristics of corequisite courses. Based on the themes found, professional development is suggested to aid in helping shift any negative components of those themes. The themes help better understand the needs of teaching these challenging courses. Student success should start with faculty making sure they are equipped with the tools and understanding of the students. Student's readiness starts with the faculty's readiness. Having the combined understanding of faculty and student needs can help to create a professional development plan that will enhance the developmental level mathematics courses in higher education.
Bayesian Predictive Inference and Related Asymptotics
Bayesian predictive inference is at the core of the mathematical theory of inductive reasoning. Nowadays, this field has become very attractive especially for its connections with algorithmic probability, machine learning and artificial intelligence. The complexity of both problems and algorithm represents a constant source of research of asymptotic techniques, which are necessary to handle vast datasets.The present book contains the 11 papers accepted and published in the Special Issue "Bayesian Predictive Inference and Related Asymptotics-Festschrift for Eugenio Regazzini's 75th Birthday" of the MDPI Mathematics journal. The topics of the paper focus, among others, on Bayesian nonparametrics, species sampling models, partial exchangeability and optimal stopping. Finally, as the title suggests, the Special Issue aims to celebrate the 75th birthday of Prof. Eugenio Regazzini, who has provided so many important contributions to the field of Bayesian inference.
Krylov Subspace Methods for Linear Systems
Introduction to Numerical Methods for Solving Linear Systems.- Some Applications to Computational Science and Data Science.- Classification and Theory of Krylov Subspace Methods.- Applications to Shifted Linear Systems.- Applications to Matrix Functions.
Separable Optimization
In this book, the theory, methods and applications of separable optimization are considered. Some general results are presented, techniques of approximating the separable problem by linear programming problem, and dynamic programming are also studied. Convex separable programs subject to inequality/ equality constraint(s) and bounds on variables are also studied and convergent iterative algorithms of polynomial complexity are proposed. As an application, these algorithms are used in the implementation of stochastic quasigradient methods to some separable stochastic programs. The problems of numerical approximation of tabulated functions and numerical solution of overdetermined systems of linear algebraic equations and some systems of nonlinear equations are solved by separable convex unconstrained minimization problems. Some properties of the Knapsack polytope are also studied. This second edition includes a substantial amount of new and revised content. Three new chapters, 15-17, are included. Chapters 15-16 are devoted to the further analysis of the Knapsack problem. Chapter 17 is focused on the analysis of a nonlinear transportation problem. Three new Appendices (E-G) are also added to this edition and present technical details that help round out the coverage. Optimization problems and methods for solving the problems considered are interesting not only from the viewpoint of optimization theory, optimization methods and their applications, but also from the viewpoint of other fields of science, especially the artificial intelligence and machine learning fields within computer science. This book is intended for the researcher, practitioner, or engineer who is interested in the detailed treatment of separable programming and wants to take advantage of the latest theoretical and algorithmic results. It may also be used as a textbook for a special topics course or as a supplementary textbook for graduate courses on nonlinear and convex optimization.
Quantum Machine Learning and Optimisation in Finance
Learn the principles of quantum machine learning and how to apply themWhile focus is on financial use cases, all the methods and techniques are transferable to other fieldsPurchase of Print or Kindle includes a free eBook in PDFKey Features: - Discover how to solve optimisation problems on quantum computers that can provide a speedup edge over classical methods- Use methods of analogue and digital quantum computing to build powerful generative models- Create the latest algorithms that work on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computersBook Description: With recent advances in quantum computing technology, we finally reached the era of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing. NISQ-era quantum computers are powerful enough to test quantum computing algorithms and solve hard real-world problems faster than classical hardware.Speedup is so important in financial applications, ranging from analysing huge amounts of customer data to high frequency trading. This is where quantum computing can give you the edge. Quantum Machine Learning and Optimisation in Finance shows you how to create hybrid quantum-classical machine learning and optimisation models that can harness the power of NISQ hardware.This book will take you through the real-world productive applications of quantum computing. The book explores the main quantum computing algorithms implementable on existing NISQ devices and highlights a range of financial applications that can benefit from this new quantum computing paradigm.This book will help you be one of the first in the finance industry to use quantum machine learning models to solve classically hard real-world problems. We may have moved past the point of quantum computing supremacy, but our quest for establishing quantum computing advantage has just begun!What You Will Learn: - Train parameterised quantum circuits as generative models that excel on NISQ hardware- Solve hard optimisation problems- Apply quantum boosting to financial applications- Learn how the variational quantum eigensolver and the quantum approximate optimisation algorithms work- Analyse the latest algorithms from quantum kernels to quantum semidefinite programming- Apply quantum neural networks to credit approvalsWho this book is for: This book is for Quants and developers, data scientists, researchers, and students in quantitative finance. Although the focus is on financial use cases, all the methods and techniques are transferable to other areas.Table of Contents- The Principles of Quantum Mechanics- Adiabatic Quantum Computing- Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimisation- Quantum Boosting- Quantum Boltzmann Machine- Qubits and Quantum Logic Gates- Parameterised Quantum Circuits and Data Encoding- Quantum Neural Network- Quantum Circuit Born Machine- Variational Quantum Eigensolver- Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm- The Power of Parameterised Quantum Circuits- Looking Ahead- Bibliography
Homogenization Theory for Multiscale Problems
The book provides a pedagogic and comprehensive introduction to homogenization theory with a special focus on problems set for non-periodic media. The presentation encompasses both deterministic and probabilistic settings. It also mixes the most abstract aspects with some more practical aspects regarding the numerical approaches necessary to simulate such multiscale problems. Based on lecture courses of the authors, the book is suitable for graduate students of mathematics and engineering.
P-Adic Banach Space Representations
This book systematically develops the theory of continuous representations on p-adic Banach spaces. Its purpose is to lay the foundations of the representation theory of reductive p-adic groups on p-adic Banach spaces, explain the duality theory of Schneider and Teitelbaum, and demonstrate its applications to continuous principal series. Written to be accessible to graduate students, the book gives a comprehensive introduction to the necessary tools, including Iwasawa algebras, p-adic measures and distributions, p-adic functional analysis, reductive groups, and smooth and algebraic representations. Part 1 culminates with the duality between Banach space representations and Iwasawa modules. This duality is applied in Part 2 for studying the intertwining operators and reducibility of the continuous principal series on p-adic Banach spaces.This monograph is intended to serve both as a reference book and as an introductory text for graduate students and researchers entering the area.
Certificates of Positivity for Real Polynomials
This book collects and explains the many theorems concerning the existence of certificates of positivity for polynomials that are positive globally or on semialgebraic sets. A certificate of positivity for a real polynomial is an algebraic identity that gives an immediate proof of a positivity condition for the polynomial. Certificates of positivity have their roots in fundamental work of David Hilbert from the late 19th century on positive polynomials and sums of squares. Because of the numerous applications of certificates of positivity in mathematics, applied mathematics, engineering, and other fields, it is desirable to have methods for finding, describing, and characterizing them. For many of the topics covered in this book, appropriate algorithms, computational methods, and applications are discussed. This volume contains a comprehensive, accessible, up-to-date treatment of certificates of positivity, written by an expert in the field. It provides an overview of both the theory and computational aspects of the subject, and includes many of the recent and exciting developments in the area. Background information is given so that beginning graduate students and researchers who are not specialists can learn about this fascinating subject. Furthermore, researchers who work on certificates of positivity or use them in applications will find this a useful reference for their work.
Optimization and Applications
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Optimization and Applications, OPTIMA 2022, held in Petrovac, Montenegro, during September 26-30, 2022.The 17 full papers and presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. They were organized into the following as follows: mathematical programming; global optimization; discrete and combinatorial optimization; optimal control; optimization and data analysis; and game theory and mathematical economics.
Maximum-Entropy Sampling
Overview.- Notation.- The problem and basic properties.- Branch-and-bound.- Upper bounds.- Environmental monitoring.- Opportunities.- Basic formulae and inequalities.- References.- Index.
Studies in Evolution Equations and Related Topics
Introduction Chapter: Evolution Equations: present and future.- Invariant Stable Manifolds of epsilon-class for Partial Neutral Functional Differential Equations on a half-line (Thieu Huy).- Global Attractor in Alpha-norm for some Partial Functional Differential Equations of neutral and retarded type (Ezzinbi).- A study of an epidemic SIR model via Homotopy Analysis Method in the sense of Caputo-fractional system (Norouzi).- Structural stability of nonlinear elliptic p(u)-Laplacian problem with Robin type boundary condition (Ouaro).- Optimal Control of averaged state of a population dynamic model (Kenne].- C0-semigroup and Stepanov-like almost automorphic functions in matched spaces of time scales (Wang).- A reaction diffusion model for salmonella transmission within an industrial hens house with distributed resistance to salmonella carrier-state (Zongo).- Impulsive Implicit Caputo Fractional q-Difference Equations in Finite and Infinite Dimensional Banach Spaces (Benchohrs).- Null Controllability of a cascade model in population dynamics (Maniar).
Multivariate Statistical Methods
This book presents a general method for deriving higher-order statistics of multivariate distributions with simple algorithms that allow for actual calculations. Multivariate nonlinear statistical models require the study of higher-order moments and cumulants. The main tool used for the definitions is the tensor derivative, leading to several useful expressions concerning Hermite polynomials, moments, cumulants, skewness, and kurtosis. A general test of multivariate skewness and kurtosis is obtained from this treatment. Exercises are provided for each chapter to help the readers understand the methods. Lastly, the book includes a comprehensive list of references, equipping readers to explore further on their own.
Sharpening Mathematical Analysis Skills
This book gathers together a novel collection of problems in mathematical analysis that are challenging and worth studying. They cover most of the classical topics of a course in mathematical analysis, and include challenges presented with an increasing level of difficulty. Problems are designed to encourage creativity, and some of them were especially crafted to lead to open problems which might be of interest for students seeking motivation to get a start in research.The sets of problems are comprised in Part I. The exercises are arranged on topics, many of them being preceded by supporting theory. Content starts with limits, series of real numbers and power series, extending to derivatives and their applications, partial derivatives and implicit functions. Difficult problems have been structured in parts, helping the reader to find a solution. Challenges and open problems are scattered throughout the text, being an invitation to discover new original methods for proving known results and establishing new ones. The final two chapters offer ambitious readers splendid problems and two new proofs of a famous quadratic series involving harmonic numbers. In Part II, the reader will find solutions to the proposed exercises. Undergraduate students in mathematics, physics and engineering, seeking to strengthen their skills in analysis, will most benefit from this work, along with instructors involved in math contests, individuals who want to enrich and test their knowledge in analysis, and anyone willing to explore the standard topics of mathematical analysis in ways that aren't commonly seen in regular textbooks.
Special Functions of Fractional Calculus: Applications to Diffusion and Random Search Processes
This book aims to provide an overview of the special functions of fractional calculus and their applications in diffusion and random search processes. The book contains detailed calculations for various examples of anomalous diffusion, random search and stochastic resetting processes, which can be easily followed by the reader, who will be able to reproduce the obtained results. The book will be intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in physics, mathematics and other natural sciences due to the various examples which will be provided in the book.
Stochastic Partial Differential Equations with Additive Gaussian Noise - Analysis and Inference
The stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) arise in many applications of the probability theory. This monograph will focus on two particular (and probably the most known) equations: the stochastic heat equation and the stochastic wave equation.The focus is on the relationship between the solutions to the SPDEs and the fractional Brownian motion (and related processes). An important point of the analysis is the study of the asymptotic behavior of the p-variations of the solutions to the heat or wave equations driven by space-time Gaussian noise or by a Gaussian noise with a non-trivial correlation in space.The book is addressed to public with a reasonable background in probability theory. The idea is to keep it self-contained and avoid using of complex techniques. We also chose to insist on the basic properties of the random noise and to detail the construction of the Wiener integration with respect to them. The intention is to present the proofs complete and detailed.
Progressive Maths For School
Progressive Maths For Schools is a book about whole number. The book is for all children. It is illustrated and can be written on. Needless to say the child will love the book. There's colouring in it and join the dots.
Foundation Algebra
This textbook teaches the fundamentals of algebra, keeping points clear, succinct and focused, with plenty of diagrams and practice but relatively few words. It assumes a basic knowledge but revises the key prerequisites before moving on. Definitions are highlighted for easy understanding and reference, and worked examples illustrate the explanations. Chapters are interwoven with exercises, whilst each chapter also ends with a comprehensive set of exercises, with answers in the back of the book. Introductory paragraphs describe the real-world application of each topic, and also include briefly where relevant any interesting historical facts about the development of the mathematical subject. This text is intended for undergraduate students in engineering taking a course in algebra. It works for the Foundation and 1st year levels.
Mathematical Modeling
This book introduces modeling by a collection of ordinary differential or difference equations, calibrating the equations against data, checking quantitative predictions against events and understanding the qualitative patterns suggested by the model. One term of differential calculus is enough to get started and two terms are enough to finish. The topics covered are: Richardson's Model of Arms Races, Phase Portraits: Sketching the Phase Plane, Numerical Methods for Initial Value Problems, Modeling Population: Malthus' exponential model, growth rates, the Logistic Model, Discrete Time Reproduction Models, Overshoot and collapse models, Errors: Regression, Conditioning, Sensitivity and Predictability in Models, The Lotka-Volterra Model: Population Oscillations, Conservative Systems, Harvesting, General Models of Interacting Populations, Epidemics: SIR Models, Temporary Immunity, Latency and Asymptomatic Carriers, Persistent Oscillations: Limit cycles, Examples via polar coordinates, Poincar矇-Bendixon Theory, Hopf bifurcations, Oscillations in the Holling-Tanner Model: The Development of Predator-Prey Models, Analysis of the Holling-Tanner model, Testing the model, and Business Cycles: Business cycle theories, basic difficulties, Goodwin's model, Conclusions from Goodwin's model.
Letters and Numbers
The book is letters and Numbers second edition it's a kids math book using alphabet letters and Numbers doing math adding subtracting multiplying and dividing and using Numbers too make a letter into a word. I'm from Medford and Somerville Massachusetts.
A Notebook
This book introduces some new fractal dimension concepts to calculate the center point elevation from a 3X3 grid of actual topographic data. The implications are that there is an order to natural systems that has been newly identified.The material is presented in the form of a notebook study. The innovative fractal-type equations and ancillary concepts are conceptually concise. The calculation framework to obtain the center point values uses the fractal and ancillary equations to construct what are termed "positive" and "negative" criteria, as well as a "position locator." The solution for the center point elevation is arrived at via a mathematical sieve of these three factors.There are 13 example datasets that are evaluated. In each analysis, only the data from the relevant 3X3 region was used. The topographic data is from the Red Deer River area in Alberta, Canada. The accuracy of the calculated elevations compared to the actual center point data in a notable number of cases is truly amazing, to the point of being essentially perfect.However, there appear to be limitations to the technique that have yet to be explored to any significant extent. With only 13 datasets investigated, it is expected that additional refinements to the various criteria will be required. A full and final theory will have a more rigorous mathematical foundation to formalize the criteria.The book includes code snippets of the various calculation methods, so that others may enjoy their own explorations. Ideas for additional studies and improvements are suggested. Predicting values in non-center-point situations would be one of the next steps.The material is primarily designed to be accessible to individuals with an undergraduate background in mathematics, physics or the sciences.Applications to other types of data would appear to be possible.
Statistics All-In-One for Dummies
The odds-on best way to master stats. Statistics All-in-One For Dummies is packed with lessons, examples, and practice problems to help you slay your stats course. Develop confidence and understanding in statistics with easy-to-understand (even fun) explanations of key concepts. Plus, you'll get access to online chapter quizzes and other resources that will turn you into a stats master. This book teaches you how to interpret graphs, determine probability, critique data, and so much more. Written by an expert author and serious statistics nerd, Statistics AIO For Dummies explains everything in terms anyone can understand. Get a grasp of basic statistics concepts required in every statistics course Clear up the process of interpreting graphs, understanding polls, and analyzing data Master correlation, regression, and other data analysis tools Score higher on stats tests and get a better grade in your high school or college classStatistics All-in-One For Dummies follows the curriculum of intro college statistics courses (including AP Stats!) so you can learn everything you need to know to get the grade you need--the Dummies way.
Partial Differential Inequalities with Nonlinear Convolution Terms
This brief research monograph uses modern mathematical methods to investigate partial differential equations with nonlinear convolution terms, enabling readers to understand the concept of a solution and its asymptotic behavior. In their full generality, these inequalities display a non-local structure. Classical methods, such as maximum principle or sub- and super-solution methods, do not apply to this context. This work discusses partial differential inequalities (instead of differential equations) for which there is no variational setting.This current work brings forward other methods that prove to be useful in understanding the concept of a solution and its asymptotic behavior related to partial differential inequalities with nonlinear convolution terms. It promotes and illustrates the use of a priori estimates, Harnack inequalities, and integral representation of solutions. One of the first monographs on this rapidly expanding field, the presentwork appeals to graduate and postgraduate students as well as to researchers in the field of partial differential equations and nonlinear analysis.
A Notebook
This book introduces some new fractal dimension concepts to calculate the center point elevation from a 3X3 grid of actual topographic data. The implications are that there is an order to natural systems that has been newly identified.The material is presented in the form of a notebook study. The innovative fractal-type equations and ancillary concepts are conceptually concise. The calculation framework to obtain the center point values uses the fractal and ancillary equations to construct what are termed "positive" and "negative" criteria, as well as a "position locator." The solution for the center point elevation is arrived at via a mathematical sieve of these three factors.There are 13 example datasets that are evaluated. In each analysis, only the data from the relevant 3X3 region was used. The topographic data is from the Red Deer River area in Alberta, Canada. The accuracy of the calculated elevations compared to the actual center point data in a notable number of cases is truly amazing, to the point of being essentially perfect.However, there appear to be limitations to the technique that have yet to be explored to any significant extent. With only 13 datasets investigated, it is expected that additional refinements to the various criteria will be required. A full and final theory will have a more rigorous mathematical foundation to formalize the criteria.The book includes code snippets of the various calculation methods, so that others may enjoy their own explorations. Ideas for additional studies and improvements are suggested. Predicting values in non-center-point situations would be one of the next steps.The material is primarily designed to be accessible to individuals with an undergraduate background in mathematics, physics or the sciences.Applications to other types of data would appear to be possible.
Einstein Equations: Local Energy, Self-Force, and Fields in General Relativity
This volume guides early-career researchers through recent breakthroughs in mathematics and physics as related to general relativity. Chapters are based on courses and lectures given at the July 2019 Domoschool, International Alpine School in Mathematics and Physics, held in Domodossola, Italy, which was titled "Einstein Equations: Physical and Mathematical Aspects of General Relativity". Structured in two parts, the first features four courses from prominent experts on topics such as local energy in general relativity, geometry and analysis in black hole spacetimes, and antimatter gravity. The second part features a variety of papers based on talks given at the summer school, including topics like: Quantum ergosphereGeneral relativistic Poynting-Robertson effect modellingNumerical relativityLength-contraction in curved spacetimeClassicality from an inhomogeneous universeEinstein Equations: Local Energy, Self-Force, and Fields in General Relativity will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in mathematics and physicists interested in exploring how their disciplines connect to general relativity.
