Something Doesn’t Add Up
A tour of the stupidest, most self-defeating, self-blinding ways in which supposedly clever people use math in everyday life.
Integral Equations with Difference Kernels on Finite Intervals
This book focuses on solving integral equations with difference kernels on finite intervals. The corresponding problem on the semiaxis was previously solved by N. Wiener-E. Hopf and by M.G. Krein. The problem on finite intervals, though significantly more difficult, may be solved using our method of operator identities. This method is also actively employed in inverse spectral problems, operator factorization and nonlinear integral equations. Applications of the obtained results to optimal synthesis, light scattering, diffraction, and hydrodynamics problems are discussed in this book, which also describes how the theory of operators with difference kernels is applied to stable processes and used to solve the famous M. Kac problems on stable processes. In this second edition these results are extensively generalized and include the case of all Levy processes. We present the convolution expression for the well-known Ito formula of the generator operator, a convolution expression that has proven to be fruitful. Furthermore we have added a new chapter on triangular representation, which is closely connected with previous results and includes a new important class of operators with non-trivial invariant subspaces. Numerous formulations and proofs have now been improved, and the bibliography has been updated to reflect more recent additions to the body of literature.
Markov Renewal and Piecewise Deterministic Processes
This book is aimed at researchers, graduate students and engineers who would like to be initiated to Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes (PDMPs). A PDMP models a deterministic mechanism modified by jumps that occur at random times. The fields of applications are numerous: insurance and risk, biology, communication networks, dependability, supply management, etc. Indeed, the PDMPs studied so far are in fact deterministic functions of CSMPs (Completed Semi-Markov Processes), i.e. semi-Markov processes completed to become Markov processes. This remark leads to considerably broaden the definition of PDMPs and allows their properties to be deduced from those of CSMPs, which are easier to grasp. Stability is studied within a very general framework. In the other chapters, the results become more accurate as the assumptions become more precise. Generalized Chapman-Kolmogorov equations lead to numerical schemes. The last chapter is an opening on processes for which the deterministic flow of the PDMP is replaced with a Markov process. Marked point processes play a key role throughout this book.
50 Years of Integer Programming 1958-2008
In 1958, Ralph E. Gomory transformed the field of integer programming when he published a paper that described a cutting-plane algorithm for pure integer programs and announced that the method could be refined to give a finite algorithm for integer programming. In 2008, to commemorate the anniversary of this seminal paper, a special workshop celebrating fifty years of integer programming was held in Aussois, France, as part of the 12th Combinatorial Optimization Workshop.It contains reprints of key historical articles and written versions of survey lectures on six of the hottest topics in the field by distinguished members of the integer programming community. Useful for anyone in mathematics, computer science and operations research, this book exposes mathematical optimization, specifically integer programming and combinatorial optimization, to a broad audience.
Non-Local Cell Adhesion Models
Introduction.- Preliminaries.- The Periodic Problem.- Basic Properties.- Local Bifurcation.- Global Bifurcation.- Non-local Equations with Boundary Conditions.- No-flux Boundary Conditions.- Discussion and future directions.
Degree Theory for Discontinuous Operators
This unique book contains a generalization of the Leray-Schauder degree theory which applies for wide and meaningful types of discontinuous operators. The discontinuous degree theory introduced in the first section is subsequently used to prove new, applicable, discontinuous versions of many classical fixed-point theorems such as Schauder's. Finally, readers will find in this book several applications of those discontinuous fixed-point theorems in the proofs of new existence results for discontinuous differential problems. Written in a clear, expository style, with the inclusion of many examples in each chapter, this book aims to be useful not only as a self-contained reference for mature researchers in nonlinear analysis but also for graduate students looking for a quick accessible introduction to degree theory techniques for discontinuous differential equations.
Diagnostic Methods in Time Series
This book contains new aspects of model diagnostics in time series analysis, including variable selection problems and higher-order asymptotics of tests. This is the first book to cover systematic approaches and widely applicable results for nonstandard models including infinite variance processes. The book begins by introducing a unified view of a portmanteau-type test based on a likelihood ratio test, useful to test general parametric hypotheses inherent in statistical models. The conditions for the limit distribution of portmanteau-type tests to be asymptotically pivotal are given under general settings, and very clear implications for the relationships between the parameter of interest and the nuisance parameter are elucidated in terms of Fisher-information matrices. A robust testing procedure against heavy-tailed time series models is also constructed in the context of variable selection problems. The setting is very reasonable in the context of financial data analysis and econometrics, and the result is applicable to causality tests of heavy-tailed time series models. In the last two sections, Bartlett-type adjustments for a class of test statistics are discussed when the parameter of interest is on the boundary of the parameter space. A nonlinear adjustment procedure is proposed for a broad range of test statistics including the likelihood ratio, Wald and score statistics.
Pioneering Works on Extreme Value Theory
This book presents the state of the art in extreme value theory, with a collection of articles related to a seminal paper on the bivariate extreme value distribution written by Professor Masaaki Sibuya in 1960, demonstrating various developments of the original idea over the last half-century. Written by active researchers, the unique combination of articles allows readers to gain a sense of the excellence of the field, ranging from theory to practice, and the tradition of theoretical developments motivated by practically important issues such as tsunamis and financial crises. The contributions discuss a range of topics, including the parameter estimation of the generalized beta distribution, resampling with the empirical beta copula, and regression analysis on imbalanced binary data, as well as the semiparametric estimation of the upper bound of extrema, the long-term analysis of extreme precipitation over Japanese river basins, and various rules of thumb in hydrology.
Science, Music, and Mathematics: The Deepest Connections
Professor Michael Edgeworth McIntyre is an eminent scientist who has also had a part-time career as a musician. From a lifetime's thinking, he offers this extraordinary synthesis exposing the deepest connections between science, music, and mathematics, while avoiding equations and technical jargon. He begins with perception psychology and the dichotomization instinct and then takes us through biological evolution, human language, and acausality illusions all the way to the climate crisis and the weaponization of the social media, and beyond that into the deepest parts of theoretical physics - demonstrating our unconscious mathematical abilities.He also has an important message of hope for the future. Contrary to popular belief, biological evolution has given us not only the nastiest, but also the most compassionate and cooperative parts of human nature. This insight comes from recognizing that biological evolution is more than a simple competition between selfish genes. Rather, he suggests, in some ways it is more like turbulent fluid flow, a complex process spanning a vast range of timescales.Professor McIntyre is a Fellow of the Royal Society of London (FRS) and has worked on problems as diverse as the Sun's magnetic interior, the Antarctic ozone hole, jet streams in the atmosphere, and the psychophysics of violin sound. He has long been interested in how different branches of science can better communicate with each other and with the public, harnessing aspects of neuroscience and psychology that point toward the deep 'lucidity principles' that underlie skilful communication.
Subharmonic Functions, Generalizations, Holomorphic Functions, Meromorphic Functions, and Properties.
This book explains different types of subharmonic and harmonic functions. The book brings 12 chapters explaining general and specific types of subharmonic functions (eg. quasinearly subharmonic functions and other separate functions), related partial differential equations, mathematical proofs and extension results. The methods covered in the book also attempt to explain different mathematical analyses such as elliptical equations, domination conditions, weighted boundary behavior. The book serves as a reference work for scholars interested in potential theory and complex analysis.
Science, Music, and Mathematics: The Deepest Connections
Professor Michael Edgeworth McIntyre is an eminent scientist who has also had a part-time career as a musician. From a lifetime's thinking, he offers this extraordinary synthesis exposing the deepest connections between science, music, and mathematics, while avoiding equations and technical jargon. He begins with perception psychology and the dichotomization instinct and then takes us through biological evolution, human language, and acausality illusions all the way to the climate crisis and the weaponization of the social media, and beyond that into the deepest parts of theoretical physics -- demonstrating our unconscious mathematical abilities.He also has an important message of hope for the future. Contrary to popular belief, biological evolution has given us not only the nastiest, but also the most compassionate and cooperative parts of human nature. This insight comes from recognizing that biological evolution is more than a simple competition between selfish genes. Rather, he suggests, in some ways it is more like turbulent fluid flow, a complex process spanning a vast range of timescales.Professor McIntyre is a Fellow of the Royal Society of London (FRS) and has worked on problems as diverse as the Sun's magnetic interior, the Antarctic ozone hole, jet streams in the atmosphere, and the psychophysics of violin sound. He has long been interested in how different branches of science can better communicate with each other and with the public, harnessing aspects of neuroscience and psychology that point toward the deep 'lucidity principles' that underlie skilful communication.
Quantile Regression
QUANTILE REGRESSION A thorough presentation of Quantile Regression designed to help readers obtain richer information from data analysesThe conditional least-square or mean-regression (MR) analysis is the quantitative research method used to model and analyze the relationships between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables, where each equation estimation of a regression can give only a single regression function or fitted values variable. As an advanced mean regression analysis, each estimation equation of the mean-regression can be used directly to estimate the conditional quantile regression (QR), which can quickly present the statistical results of a set nine QR(τ)s for τ(tau)s from 0.1 up to 0.9 to predict detail distribution of the response or criterion variable. QR is an important analytical tool in many disciplines such as statistics, econometrics, ecology, healthcare, and engineering.Quantile Regression: Applications on Experimental and Cross Section Data Using EViews provides examples of statistical results of various QR analyses based on experimental and cross section data of a variety of regression models. The author covers the applications of one-way, two-way, and n-way ANOVA quantile regressions, QRs with multi numerical predictors, heterogeneous QRs, and latent variables QRs, amongst others. Throughout the text, readers learn how to develop the best possible quantile regressions and how to conduct more advanced analysis using methods such as the quantile process, the Wald test, the redundant variables test, residual analysis, the stability test, and the omitted variables test. This rigorous volume: Describes how QR can provide a more detailed picture of the relationships between independent variables and the quantiles of the criterion variable, by using the least-square regressionPresents the applications of the test for any quantile of any numerical response or -criterion variableExplores relationship of QR with heterogeneity: how an independent variable affects a dependent variableOffers expert guidance on forecasting and how to draw the best conclusions from the results obtainedProvides a step-by-step estimation method and guide to enable readers to conduct QR analysis using their own data setsIncludes a detailed comparison of conditional QR and conditional mean regressionQuantile Regression: Applications on Experimental and Cross Section Data Using EViews is a highly useful resource for students and lecturers in statistics, data analysis, econometrics, engineering, ecology, and healthcare, particularly those specializing in regression and quantitative data analysis.
New Numerical Scheme with Newton Polynomial
New Numerical Scheme with Newton Polynomial: Theory, Methods, and Applications provides a detailed discussion on the underpinnings of the theory, methods and real-world applications of this numerical scheme. The book's authors explore how this efficient and accurate numerical scheme is useful for solving partial and ordinary differential equations, as well as systems of ordinary and partial differential equations with different types of integral operators. Content coverage includes the foundational layers of polynomial interpretation, Lagrange interpolation, and Newton interpolation, followed by new schemes for fractional calculus. Final sections include six chapters on the application of numerical scheme to a range of real-world applications. Over the last several decades, many techniques have been suggested to model real-world problems across science, technology and engineering. New analytical methods have been suggested in order to provide exact solutions to real-world problems. Many real-world problems, however, cannot be solved using analytical methods. To handle these problems, researchers need to rely on numerical methods, hence the release of this important resource on the topic at hand.
Theory of Distributions
This book explains many fundamental ideas on the theory of distributions. The theory of partial differential equations is one of the synthetic branches of analysis that combines ideas and methods from different fields of mathematics, ranging from functional analysis and harmonic analysis to differential geometry and topology. This presents specific difficulties to those studying this field. This second edition, which consists of 10 chapters, is suitable for upper undergraduate/graduate students and mathematicians seeking an accessible introduction to some aspects of the theory of distributions. It can also be used for one-semester course.
STATISTICAL METHODS AND USE OF R--SOFTWARE STATISTICS Paper - I
Numerical Analysis
No detailed description available for "Numerical Analysis".
Mathematical Statistics
No detailed description available for "Mathematical Statistics".
Probability
Discover the latest edition of a practical introduction to the theory of probability, complete with R code samples In the newly revised Second Edition of Probability: With Applications and R, distinguished researchers Drs. Robert Dobrow and Amy Wagaman deliver a thorough introduction to the foundations of probability theory. The book includes a host of chapter exercises, examples in R with included code, and well-explained solutions. With new and improved discussions on reproducibility for random numbers and how to set seeds in R, and organizational changes, the new edition will be of use to anyone taking their first probability course within a mathematics, statistics, engineering, or data science program. New exercises and supplemental materials support more engagement with R, and include new code samples to accompany examples in a variety of chapters and sections that didn't include them in the first edition. The new edition also includes for the first time: A thorough discussion of reproducibility in the context of generating random numbers Revised sections and exercises on conditioning, and a renewed description of specifying PMFs and PDFs Substantial organizational changes to improve the flow of the material Additional descriptions and supplemental examples to the bivariate sections to assist students with a limited understanding of calculus Perfect for upper-level undergraduate students in a first course on probability theory, Probability With Applications and R is also ideal for researchers seeking to learn probability from the ground up or those self-studying probability for the purpose of taking advanced coursework or preparing for actuarial exams.
Geometric Modeling and Mesh Generation from Scanned Images
Based on the author's recent research and course at Carnegie Mellon University, this book shows how to integrate image processing, geometric modeling, and mesh generation with the finite element method to solve problems in computational biology, medicine, materials science, and engineering. The text explains the fundamentals of medical imaging,
The Geometry of Special Relativity
The book treats the geometry of hyperbolas as the key to understanding special relativity. The author simplifies the formulas and emphasizes their geometric content. Prior mastery of (ordinary) trigonometry is sufficient for most of the material presented.
Mathematical Modeling in the Age of the Pandemic
This book's purpose is to shed some light on the meaning and interpretations of many of the types of models that are or might be used in the presentation of analysis. Understanding the concepts presented is essential in the entire modeling process of a pandemic.
Lewis Carroll’s Cats and Rats ... and Other Puzzles with Interesting Tails
British-Israeli recreational mathematician, communicator and educator, Yossi Elran explores in-depth six of the most ingenious math puzzles, exposing their long "tails" the stories, trivia, quirks and oddities of their history and, of course, the math and mathematicians behind them. In his unique "talmudic", associative way, Elran shows the hidden connections between Lewis Carroll's "Cats and Rats" puzzle and the math of taxi driving, a number pyramid magic trick and Hollywood movie fractals, and even how packing puzzles are related to COVID-19!Elran has a great talent for explaining difficult topics - including quantum mechanics, a topic he relates to some original "operator" puzzles - making the book very accessible for all audiences.With over 40 additional, original puzzles, and touching on dozens of hot math topics, this is a perfect book for math lovers, educators, kids and adults, and anyone who loves a great read.Yossi Elran is co-author of our bestselling The Paper Puzzle Book, and heads the Innovation Center at the Davidson Institute of Science Education, the educational arm of the world-renowned Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel.
Lewis Carroll’s Cats and Rats ... and Other Puzzles with Interesting Tails
British-Israeli recreational mathematician, communicator and educator, Yossi Elran explores in-depth six of the most ingenious math puzzles, exposing their long "tails" the stories, trivia, quirks and oddities of their history and, of course, the math and mathematicians behind them. In his unique "talmudic", associative way, Elran shows the hidden connections between Lewis Carroll's "Cats and Rats" puzzle and the math of taxi driving, a number pyramid magic trick and Hollywood movie fractals, and even how packing puzzles are related to COVID-19!Elran has a great talent for explaining difficult topics - including quantum mechanics, a topic he relates to some original "operator" puzzles - making the book very accessible for all audiences.With over 40 additional, original puzzles, and touching on dozens of hot math topics, this is a perfect book for math lovers, educators, kids and adults, and anyone who loves a great read.Yossi Elran is co-author of our bestselling The Paper Puzzle Book, and heads the Innovation Center at the Davidson Institute of Science Education, the educational arm of the world-renowned Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel.
The Mathematics of Fluid Flow Through Porous Media
Master the techniques necessary to build and use computational models of porous media fluid flow In The Mathematics of Fluid Flow Through Porous Media, distinguished professor and mathematician Dr. Myron B. Allen delivers a one-stop and mathematically rigorous source of the foundational principles of porous medium flow modeling. The book shows readers how to design intelligent computation models for groundwater flow, contaminant transport, and petroleum reservoir simulation. Discussions of the mathematical fundamentals allow readers to prepare to work on computational problems at the frontiers of the field. Introducing several advanced techniques, including the method of characteristics, fundamental solutions, similarity methods, and dimensional analysis, The Mathematics of Fluid Flow Through Porous Media is an indispensable resource for students who have not previously encountered these concepts and need to master them to conduct computer simulations. Teaching mastery of a subject that has increasingly become a standard tool for engineers and applied mathematicians, and containing 75 exercises suitable for self-study or as part of a formal course, the book also includes: A thorough introduction to the mechanics of fluid flow in porous media, including the kinematics of simple continua, single-continuum balance laws, and constitutive relationships An exploration of single-fluid flows in porous media, including Darcy's Law, non-Darcy flows, the single-phase flow equation, areal flows, and flows with wells Practical discussions of solute transport, including the transport equation, hydrodynamic dispersion, one-dimensional transport, and transport with adsorption A treatment of multiphase flows, including capillarity at the micro- and macroscale Perfect for graduate students in mathematics, civil engineering, petroleum engineering, soil science, and geophysics, The Mathematics of Fluid Flow Through Porous Media also belongs on the bookshelves of any researcher who wishes to extend their research into areas involving flows in porous media.
Age Structured Epidemic Modeling
This book introduces advanced mathematical methods and techniques for analysis and simulation of models in mathematical epidemiology. Chronological age and class-age play an important role in the description of infectious diseases and this text provides the tools for the analysis of this type of partial differential equation models. This book presents general theoretical tools as well as large number of specific examples to guide the reader to develop their own tools that they may then apply to study structured models in mathematical epidemiology. The book will be a valuable addition to the arsenal of all researchers interested in developing theory or studying specific models with age structure.
Almost Periodic and Almost Automorphic Functions in Abstract Spaces
This book presents the foundation of the theory of almost automorphic functions in abstract spaces and the theory of almost periodic functions in locally and non-locally convex spaces and their applications in differential equations. Since the publication of Almost automorphic and almost periodic functions in abstract spaces (Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 2001), there has been a surge of interest in the theory of almost automorphic functions and applications to evolution equations. Several generalizations have since been introduced in the literature, including the study of almost automorphic sequences, and the interplay between almost periodicity and almost automorphic has been exposed for the first time in light of operator theory, complex variable functions and harmonic analysis methods. As such, the time has come for a second edition to this work, which was one of the most cited books of the year 2001.This new edition clarifies and improves upon earlier materials, includes many relevant contributions and references in new and generalized concepts and methods, and answers the longtime open problem, "What is the number of almost automorphic functions that are not almost periodic in the sense of Bohr?" Open problems in non-locally convex valued almost periodic and almost automorphic functions are also indicated.As in the first edition, materials are presented in a simplified and rigorous way. Each chapter is concluded with bibliographical notes showing the original sources of the results and further reading.
Statistical Thinking in Clinical Trials
The authors present the essence of statistical reasoning in clinical trials, peppered with well-known clinical trials This book uses only a small number of important principles to develop the entire statistical foundation of clinical trials.
Critical Point Theory
Preface.- Linking Systems.- Sandwich Systems.- Linking Sandwich Sets.- The Monotonicity Trick.- Infinite Dimensional Linking.- Differential Equations.- Schr繹dinger Equations.- Zero in the Spectrum.- Global Solutions.- Second Order Hamiltonian Systems.- Core Functions.- Custom Monotonicity Methods.- Elliptic Systems.- Flows and Critical Points.- The Semilinear Wave Equation.- Nonlinear Optics.- Radially Symmetric Wave Equations.- Multiple Solutions.
Sampling
"The level is appropriate for an upper-level undergraduate or graduate-level statistics major. Sampling: Design and Analysis (SDA) will also benefit a non-statistics major with a desire to understand the concepts of sampling from a finite population. A student with patience to delve into the rigor of survey statistics will gain even more from the content that SDA offers. The updates to SDA have potential to enrich traditional survey sampling classes at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The new discussions of low response rates, non-probability surveys, and internet as a data collection mode hold particular value, as these statistical issues have become increasingly important in survey practice in recent years... I would eagerly adopt the new edition of SDA as the required textbook." (Emily Berg, Iowa State University)What is the unemployment rate? What is the total area of land planted with soybeans? How many persons have antibodies to the virus causing COVID-19? Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition shows you how to design and analyze surveys to answer these and other questions. This authoritative text, used as a standard reference by numerous survey organizations, teaches the principles of sampling with examples from social sciences, public opinion research, public health, business, agriculture, and ecology. Readers should be familiar with concepts from an introductory statistics class including probability and linear regression; optional sections contain statistical theory for readers familiar with mathematical statistics.Key Features: Has been thoroughly revised to incorporate recent research and applications. Includes a new chapter on nonprobability samples, and more than 200 new examples and exercises have been added. Teaches the principles of sampling with examples from social sciences, public opinion research, public health, business, agriculture, and ecology. SDA's companion website contains data sets, computer code, and links to two free downloadable supplementary books (also available in paperback) that provide step-by-step guides--with code, annotated output, and helpful tips--for working through the SDA examples. Instructors can use either R or SAS(R) software. SAS(R) Software Companion for Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition by Sharon L. Lohr (2022, CRC Press) R Companion for Sampling: Design and Analysis, Third Edition by Yan Lu and Sharon L. Lohr (2022, CRC Press)
Classical Financial Mathematics
This essential teaches basic formulas, methods and ideas of classical financial mathematics. Since classical financial mathematics makes do with elementary mathematical tools, any interested reader with average mathematical school knowledge can easily follow this text. The core of the text is the calculation of interest and compound interest, annuity calculation, amortization calculation and price calculation. A large number of practical examples illustrate the mathematical questions.This Springer essential is a translation of the original German 1st edition essentials, Klassische Finanzmathematik by Bernd Luderer, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2019. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
How Did English Songs Evolve? Retrieving Information from Song Lyrics Via Natural Language Processing and Statistical Topic Modeling
Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Mathematics - Statistics, grade: 1,0, University of Bamberg (Statistik und ?konometrie), language: English, abstract: In this thesis, the similarity, the complexity, as well as the evolution of English song lyrics over the past five decades will be examined with the help of statistical methods. Hence, the central research question of this thesis is: Can information gained by Natural Language Processing and statistical topic modelling be used to determine whether and to what extent song lyrics of various genres changed over the course of the past 50 years? Based on this, the goals of this thesis are: determining how similar songs of five diverse genres (alternative, country, pop, rock, and hip-hop) are, as measured by text statistics and text features that are composed by Natural Language Processing (NLP) and text mining methods. Additionally, using these methods as well as an attempt to find out whether song lyrics are becoming less complex and therefore less sophisticated And, finally, the main target of this thesis set for itself, computing statistical topic models by applying Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), to analyse how similar the topics of songs are and whether they changed over time. This will be conducted by calculating similarity measures on the per-topic-per-word probability distributions that are output of the LDA models.
Computer Age Statistical Inference, Student Edition
The twenty-first century has seen a breathtaking expansion of statistical methodology, both in scope and influence. 'Data science' and 'machine learning' have become familiar terms in the news, as statistical methods are brought to bear upon the enormous data sets of modern science and commerce. How did we get here? And where are we going? How does it all fit together? Now in paperback and fortified with exercises, this book delivers a concentrated course in modern statistical thinking. Beginning with classical inferential theories - Bayesian, frequentist, Fisherian - individual chapters take up a series of influential topics: survival analysis, logistic regression, empirical Bayes, the jackknife and bootstrap, random forests, neural networks, Markov Chain Monte Carlo, inference after model selection, and dozens more. The distinctly modern approach integrates methodology and algorithms with statistical inference. Each chapter ends with class-tested exercises, and the book concludes with speculation on the future direction of statistics and data science.
Lectures on Variational Analysis
This book presents an introduction to variational analysis, a field which unifies theories and techniques developed in calculus of variations, optimization, and control, and covers convex analysis, nonsmooth analysis, and set-valued analysis. It focuses on problems with constraints, the analysis of which involves set-valued mappings and functions that are not differentiable. Applications of variational analysis are interdisciplinary, ranging from financial planning to steering a flying object. The book is addressed to graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in mathematical sciences, engineering, economics, and finance. A typical reader of the book should be familiar with multivariable calculus and linear algebra. Some basic knowledge in optimization, control, and elementary functional analysis is desirable, but all necessary background material is included in the book.
Markov Chains
This 2nd edition is a thoroughly revised and augmented version of the book with the same title published in 1999. The author begins with the elementary theory of Markov chains and very progressively brings the reader to more advanced topics. He gives a useful review of probability, making the book self-contained, and provides an appendix with detailed proofs of all the prerequisites from calculus, algebra, and number theory. A number of carefully chosen problems of varying difficulty are proposed at the close of each chapter, and the mathematics is slowly and carefully developed, in order to make self-study easier. The book treats the classical topics of Markov chain theory, both in discrete time and continuous time, as well as connected topics such as finite Gibbs fields, nonhomogeneous Markov chains, discrete-time regenerative processes, Monte Carlo simulation, simulated annealing, and queuing theory.The main additions of the 2nd edition are the exact sampling algorithm of Propp and Wilson, the electrical network analogy of symmetric random walks on graphs, mixing times and additional details on the branching process. The structure of the book has been modified in order to smoothly incorporate this new material. Among the features that should improve reader-friendliness, the three main ones are: a shared numbering system for the definitions, theorems and examples; the attribution of titles to the examples and exercises; and the blue highlighting of important terms. The result is an up-to-date textbook on stochastic processes. Students and researchers in operations research and electrical engineering, as well as in physics and biology, will find it very accessible and relevant.
Operations Research: Introduction to Models and Methods
This attractive textbook with its easy-to-follow presentation provides a down-to-earth introduction to operations research for students in a wide range of fields such as engineering, business analytics, mathematics and statistics, computer science, and econometrics. It is the result of many years of teaching and collective feedback from students.The book covers the basic models in both deterministic and stochastic operations research and is a springboard to more specialized texts, either practical or theoretical. The emphasis is on useful models and interpreting the solutions in the context of concrete applications.The text is divided into several parts. The first three chapters deal exclusively with deterministic models, including linear programming with sensitivity analysis, integer programming and heuristics, and network analysis. The next three chapters primarily cover basic stochastic models and techniques, including decision trees, dynamic programming, optimal stopping, production planning, and inventory control. The final five chapters contain more advanced material, such as discrete-time and continuous-time Markov chains, Markov decision processes, queueing models, and discrete-event simulation.Each chapter contains numerous exercises, and a large selection of exercises includes solutions.
What Retirees Want
"Dychtwald and Morison offer a brilliant and convincing perspective: an essential re-think of what 'aging' and 'retirement' mean today and an invitation to help mobilize the best in the tidal wave of Boomer Third Agers."--Daniel Goleman, PhD, Author, Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ Throughout 99 percent of human history, life expectancy at birth was less than 18 years. Few people had a chance to age. Today, thanks to extraordinary medical, demographic, and economic shifts, most of us expect to live long lives. Consequently, the world is witnessing a powerful new version of retirement, driven by the power and needs of the Baby Boomer generation. Consumers over age 50 account for more than half of all spending and control more than 70% of our total net worth - yet are largely ignored by youth-focused marketers. How will work, family, and retirement be transformed to accommodate two billion people over the age of 60 worldwide? In the coming years, we'll see explosive business growth fueled by this unprecedented longevity revolution. What Retirees Want presents the culmination of 30 years of research by world-famous "Age Wave" expert Ken Dychtwald, Ph.D., and author and consultant Robert Morison. It explains how the aging of the Baby Boomers will forever change our lives, businesses, government programs, and the consumer marketplace. This exciting new stage of life, the "Third Age," poses daunting questions: What will "old" look like in the years ahead? With continued advances in longevity, all of the traditional life-stage markers and boundaries will need to be adjusted. What new products and services will boom as a result of this coming longevity revolution? What unconscious ageist marketing practices are hurting people - and business growth? Will the majority of elder boomers outlive their pensions and retirement savings and how can this financial disaster be prevented? What incredible new technologies of medicine, life extension, and human enhancement await us in the near future? What purposeful new roles can we create for elder boomers so that the aging nations of the Americas, Europe, and Asia capitalize on the upsides of aging? Which pioneering organizations and companies worldwide have created marketing strategies and programs that resonate with the quirky and demanding Boomer generation? In this entertaining, thought-provoking, and wide-ranging book, Dychtwald and Morison explain how individuals, businesses, non-profits, and governments can best prepare for a new era - where the needs and demands of the "Third Age" will set the lifestyle, health, social, marketplace, and political priorities of generations to come.
Advances in Numerical Simulation in Physics and Engineering
The book is mainly addressed to young graduate students in engineering and natural sciences who start to face numerical simulation, either at a research level or in the field of industrial applications. The main subjects covered are: Biomechanics, Stochastic Calculus, Geophysical flow simulation and Shock-Capturing numerical methods for Hyperbolic Systems of Partial Differential Equations. The book can also be useful to researchers or even technicians working at an industrial environment, who are interested in the state-of-the-art numerical techniques in these fields. Moreover, it gives an overview of the research developed at the French and Spanish universities and in some European scientific institutions. This book can be also useful as a textbook at master courses in Mathematics, Physics or Engineering.
Variable Ordering Structures in Vector Optimization
This book provides an introduction to vector optimization with variable ordering structures, i.e., to optimization problems with a vector-valued objective function where the elements in the objective space are compared based on a variable ordering structure: instead of a partial ordering defined by a convex cone, we see a whole family of convex cones, one attached to each element of the objective space. The book starts by presenting several applications that have recently sparked new interest in these optimization problems, and goes on to discuss fundamentals and important results on a wide range of topics. The theory developed includes various optimality notions, linear and nonlinear scalarization functionals, optimality conditions of Fermat and Lagrange type, existence and duality results. The book closes with a collection of numerical approaches for solving these problems in practice.
Introduction to Probabilistic and Statistical Methods with Examples in R
Elements of Probability Theory.- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics.- Linear Regression and Correlation.
Advanced Mathematical Modeling with Technology
Mathematical modeling is both a skill and an art and must be practiced in order to maintain and enhance the ability to use those skills. This book will be of interest to instructors and students offering courses focused on discrete modeling or modeling for decision making.
Sampling: Theory and Applications
The chapters of this volume are based on talks given at the eleventh international Sampling Theory and Applications conference held in 2015 at American University in Washington, D.C. The papers highlight state-of-the-art advances and trends in sampling theory and related areas of application, such as signal and image processing. Chapters have been written by prominent mathematicians, applied scientists, and engineers with an expertise in sampling theory. Claude Shannon's 100th birthday is also celebrated, including an introductory essay that highlights Shannon's profound influence on the field. The topics covered include both theory and applications, such as: - Compressed sensing- Non-uniform and wave sampling- A-to-D conversion- Finite rate of innovation- Time-frequency analysis- Operator theory- Mobile sampling issuesSampling: Theory and Applications is ideal for mathematicians, engineers, and applied scientists working in sampling theory or related areas.
Matrix-Based Introduction to Multivariate Data Analysis
This is the first textbook that allows readers who may be unfamiliar with matrices to understand a variety of multivariate analysis procedures in matrix forms. By explaining which models underlie particular procedures and what objective function is optimized to fit the model to the data, it enables readers to rapidly comprehend multivariate data analysis. Arranged so that readers can intuitively grasp the purposes for which multivariate analysis procedures are used, the book also offers clear explanations of those purposes, with numerical examples preceding the mathematical descriptions.Supporting the modern matrix formulations by highlighting singular value decomposition among theorems in matrix algebra, this book is useful for undergraduate students who have already learned introductory statistics, as well as for graduate students and researchers who are not familiar with matrix-intensive formulations of multivariate data analysis.The book begins by explainingfundamental matrix operations and the matrix expressions of elementary statistics. Then, it offers an introduction to popular multivariate procedures, with each chapter featuring increasing advanced levels of matrix algebra. Further the book includes in six chapters on advanced procedures, covering advanced matrix operations and recently proposed multivariate procedures, such as sparse estimation, together with a clear explication of the differences between principal components and factor analyses solutions. In a nutshell, this book allows readers to gain an understanding of the latest developments in multivariate data science.
Sensory Evaluation of Sound
The book provides a detailed review of the latest techniques in sensory evaluation, specifically applied to the evaluation of sound and audio. Aimed at the engineer, researcher, manager, and student, the book gives insight into the advanced methods for the sensory evaluation of sound.
Theory of Infinite Sequences and Series
This textbook covers the majority of traditional topics of infinite sequences and series, starting from the very beginning - the definition and elementary properties of sequences of numbers, and ending with advanced results of uniform convergence and power series. The text is aimed at university students specializing in mathematics and natural sciences, and at all the readers interested in infinite sequences and series. It is designed for the reader who has a good working knowledge of calculus. No additional prior knowledge is required. The text is divided into five chapters, which can be grouped into two parts: the first two chapters are concerned with the sequences and series of numbers, while the remaining three chapters are devoted to the sequences and series of functions, including the power series. Within each major topic, the exposition is inductive and starts with rather simple definitions and/or examples, becoming more compressed and sophisticated as the course progresses. Each key notion and result is illustrated with examples explained in detail. Some more complicated topics and results are marked as complements and can be omitted on a first reading. The text includes a large number of problems and exercises, making it suitable for both classroom use and self-study. Many standard exercises are included in each section to develop basic techniques and test the understanding of key concepts. Other problems are more theoretically oriented and illustrate more intricate points of the theory, or provide counterexamples to false propositions which seem to be natural at first glance. Solutions to additional problems proposed at the end of each chapter are provided as an electronic supplement to this book.
Simplicial Complexes in Complex Systems
For the last few decades researchers from different fields gather their findings and knowledge trying to give a shape to the new science of complex systems. To address this problem, new tools and methods have to be established. A new, or more precisely an alternative, framework for the characterization of complex system was proposed. In this book we will introduce the applicability of applicability of simplicial complexes in the science of complex systems. After introducing the main definitions and properties of simplicial complexes necessary for representation and analysis of complex systems, we will illustrate the usefulness and versatility of tools and concepts related to the simplicial complexes.
UKMT Yearbook 19-20
Official 2019-20 for the UK Mathematics Trust, including details of all events, materials and volunteer lists.
Think Bayes
If you know how to program, you're ready to tackle Bayesian statistics. With this book, you'll learn how to solve statistical problems with Python code instead of mathematical formulas, using discrete probability distributions rather than continuous mathematics. Once you get the math out of the way, the Bayesian fundamentals will become clearer and you'll begin to apply these techniques to real-world problems. Bayesian statistical methods are becoming more common and more important, but there aren't many resources available to help beginners. Based on undergraduate classes taught by author Allen B. Downey, this book's computational approach helps you get a solid start. Use your programming skills to learn and understand Bayesian statistics Work with problems involving estimation, prediction, decision analysis, evidence, and Bayesian hypothesis testing Get started with simple examples, using coins, dice, and a bowl of cookies Learn computational methods for solving real-world problems
Nonlinear Fractional Schr繹dinger Equations in R^n
This monograph presents recent results concerning nonlinear fractional elliptic problems in the whole space. More precisely, it investigates the existence, multiplicity and qualitative properties of solutions for fractional Schr繹dinger equations by applying suitable variational and topological methods.The book is mainly intended for researchers in pure and applied mathematics, physics, mechanics, and engineering. However, the material will also be useful for students in higher semesters and young researchers, as well as experienced specialists working in the field of nonlocal PDEs. This is the first book to approach fractional nonlinear Schr繹dinger equations by applying variational and topological methods.
