Class Struggle Unionism
An essential primer for rebuilding a militant labor movement centered on solidarity with all workers.
A New American Labor Movement
The American labor movement isn't dead. It's just moving from the bargaining table to the streets. In A New American Labor Movement, William Scheuerman analyzes how the decline of unions and the emergence of these new direct-action movements are reshaping the American labor movement. Tens of thousands of exploited workers--from farm laborers and gig drivers to freelance artists and restaurant workers--have taken to the streets in a collective attempt to attain a living wage and decent working conditions, with or without the help of unions. This new worker militancy, expressed through mass demonstrations, strikes, sit-ins, political action, and similar activities, has already achieved much success and offers models for workers to exercise their power in the twenty-first century. Finally, Scheuerman notes, many of the strategies of the new direct-action groups share features with the sectoral bargaining model that dominates the European labor movement, suggesting that sectoral bargaining may become the foundation of a new American labor movement.
Borders and Immigration
Borders and immigration are topics dominating world affairs during the 21st century including North America. This book examines the historical antecedents to the current crisis notably along the U.S.A./Mexico border under the Trump administration. Both the immigration and border issues transcend the current Administration with a history as long as that of America itself. Market demands often determined the influx of immigrants into the United States resulting in periods of anti-immigrant backlash based on race and ethnic factors. The geo-politics of market factors and immigrant backlash is rooted in both de jure and de facto politics. These factors are examined in detail with particular attention to the treatment of indigenous peoples of the Americas.
International Impacts on Social Policy
1. Frank Nullmeier, Delia Gonz獺lez de Reufels and Herbert Obinger International interdependencies and the impact on social policies Part I: Violence and Welfare2. Herbert Obinger and Carina SchmittIntroduction: Violence and welfare 3. Herbert Obinger, Carina Schmitt and Laura SeelkopfMass warfare and the development of the modern welfare state - an analysis of the Western World, 1914-1950 4. Andreas Heinrich The emergence of the socialist healthcare model after the First World War 5. Klaus Petersen, Michele Mioni and Herbert Obinger The Cold War and the welfare state in Western Europe 6. Delia Gonz獺lez de ReufelsThe coalition between medical doctors and the military: On the establishment of public health in Chile, 1870-1939 7. Amanda Shriwise Social policy and Britain's 1929 Colonial Development Act 8. Elsada Diana Cassells, Gabriela de Carvalho and Lorraine Frisina DoetterThe colonial legacy and the Jamaican healthcare system 9. Aline Gr羹newaldBetween aspiration and reality: The effect of the French colonial legacy on old-age pension coverage in Africa 10. Anna WolkenhauerThe colonial legacies of copper dependence: Inequality and bifurcated social protection in Zambia 11. Alex VeitClass-based communities: The postcolonial reform of school education in South Africa Part II: International Organisations and Transnational Diffusion12. Kerstin Martens and Dennis Niemann Introduction: International organisations and transnational diffusion 13. Fabian Besche-Truthe, Helen Seitzer and Michael WindzioGlobal "cultural spheres" and the introduction of compulsory schooling around the world 14. Jenny Hahs The ILO beyond Philadelphia 15. Dennis Niemann, David Krogmann and Kerstin MartensBetween economics and education: How international organisations changed the view on education 16. Naho SugitaThe role of the United Nations in promoting the policy debate on child allowance issues in 1960s Japan 17. Gabriela de Carvalho and Lorraine Frisina DoetterThe Washington Consensus and the push for neoliberal social policies in Latin America: The impact of international organisations on Colombian healthcare reform 18. Ertila Druga World Bank intervention and introduction of Social Health Insurance in Albania 19. Sarah Kassim de Camargo Penteado Social protection in Mozambique from the 1990s to the 2000s 20. Irene Dingeldey and Jean-Yves GerlitzLabour market segmentation, regulation of non-standard employment, and the influence of the EU 21. Tobias B繹ger, Sonja Drobnič and Johannes HuininkPathways to family policy in half a century of population control - international paradigms and national programmes 22. Heiko PleinesOpposition to the Washington Consensus: The IMF and social policy reforms in post-Soviet Russia Part III: Globalisation, Economic Interdependencies and Economic Crise
Institutional Grammar
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the Institutional Grammar, an approach for analyzing the design of institutions. To lay the foundation for the application of the Grammar for different application areas, the book first provides a background of the IG, before motivating the introduction of an updated version of the Institutional Grammar, called the Institutional Grammar 2.0 that aims at representing institutions more comprehensively and with greater validity. The book then turns to applications and introduces methodological guidance alongside expositions of emerging analytical applications of the "Grammar" that include presentations of current practice, as well as developing novel analytical opportunities that the analyst can apply or build upon for their application. This book is aimed at students, faculty, and practitioners of diverse disciplinary backgrounds with varying levels of understanding of institutional analysis and experience conducting it.
Developments in American Politics 9
This textbook provides students of US Politics with an informed scholarly analysis of recent developments in the American political environment, using historical background to contextualize contemporary issues. As the ninth edition, this book reviews a time of political controversy in the United States, touching on topics such as gender, economic policy, gun control, immigration, the media, healthcare, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the widespread social protests against police brutality. The book looks both backwards to Trump's presidency and forward to Biden's. Ultimately, the editors and contributors evaluate the significance of these events on the future of American politics, providing a perspective that is at once broad and meticulous.
International Impacts on Social Policy
1. Frank Nullmeier, Delia Gonz獺lez de Reufels and Herbert Obinger International interdependencies and the impact on social policies Part I: Violence and Welfare2. Herbert Obinger and Carina SchmittIntroduction: Violence and welfare 3. Herbert Obinger, Carina Schmitt and Laura SeelkopfMass warfare and the development of the modern welfare state - an analysis of the Western World, 1914-1950 4. Andreas Heinrich The emergence of the socialist healthcare model after the First World War 5. Klaus Petersen, Michele Mioni and Herbert Obinger The Cold War and the welfare state in Western Europe 6. Delia Gonz獺lez de ReufelsThe coalition between medical doctors and the military: On the establishment of public health in Chile, 1870-1939 7. Amanda Shriwise Social policy and Britain's 1929 Colonial Development Act 8. Elsada Diana Cassells, Gabriela de Carvalho and Lorraine Frisina DoetterThe colonial legacy and the Jamaican healthcare system 9. Aline Gr羹newaldBetween aspiration and reality: The effect of the French colonial legacy on old-age pension coverage in Africa 10. Anna WolkenhauerThe colonial legacies of copper dependence: Inequality and bifurcated social protection in Zambia 11. Alex VeitClass-based communities: The postcolonial reform of school education in South Africa Part II: International Organisations and Transnational Diffusion12. Kerstin Martens and Dennis Niemann Introduction: International organisations and transnational diffusion 13. Fabian Besche-Truthe, Helen Seitzer and Michael WindzioGlobal "cultural spheres" and the introduction of compulsory schooling around the world 14. Jenny Hahs The ILO beyond Philadelphia 15. Dennis Niemann, David Krogmann and Kerstin MartensBetween economics and education: How international organisations changed the view on education 16. Naho SugitaThe role of the United Nations in promoting the policy debate on child allowance issues in 1960s Japan 17. Gabriela de Carvalho and Lorraine Frisina DoetterThe Washington Consensus and the push for neoliberal social policies in Latin America: The impact of international organisations on Colombian healthcare reform 18. Ertila Druga World Bank intervention and introduction of Social Health Insurance in Albania 19. Sarah Kassim de Camargo Penteado Social protection in Mozambique from the 1990s to the 2000s 20. Irene Dingeldey and Jean-Yves GerlitzLabour market segmentation, regulation of non-standard employment, and the influence of the EU 21. Tobias B繹ger, Sonja Drobnič and Johannes HuininkPathways to family policy in half a century of population control - international paradigms and national programmes 22. Heiko PleinesOpposition to the Washington Consensus: The IMF and social policy reforms in post-Soviet Russia Part III: Globalisation, Economic Interdependencies and Economic Crise
Mapping the Rural Problem in the Baltic Countryside
The agricultural privatization strategy adopted in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania was based on the premise that family farms are the most effective alternative to socialist large-scale agriculture. In addition, international organizations, particularly the World Bank, made recommendations concerning reform speed, synchronization and ownership rights that would facilitate transferring resources from large-scale producers to family farmers. This book provides a critical and comparative analysis of the implementation of this policy, and in particular the strategy promoted by the World Bank. The preservation of large-scale production is the key to Estonia's success while its eradication from Latvia and Lithuania did not produce a family farm system. Work productivity and the extent of plot farming are the indicators of success or failure. Research findings on deindustrialization, the hardships faced by new enterprises, rural tourism, increasing poverty, and problems in the civil society as presented in this book shed new light on these and other key issues in transition strategy.
Human Rights and Transnational Democracy in South Korea
The first account of the historical intersection between South Korea's democratic transition and the global human rights boom in the 1970s Drawing on previously unused or underutilized archival sources, this book offers the first account of the historical intersection between South Korea's democratic transition and the global human rights boom in the 1970s. It shows how local pro-democracy activists pragmatically engaged with global advocacy groups, especially Amnesty International and the World Council of Churches, to maximize their socioeconomic and political struggles against the backdrop of South Korea's authoritarian industrialization and U.S. hegemony in East Asia. Ingu Hwang details how local prodemocracy protesters were able to translate their sufferings and causes into international human rights claims that highlighted how U.S. Cold War geopolitics impeded democratization in South Korea. In tracing the increasing coalitional ties between local pro-democracy protests and transnational human rights activism, the book also calls attention to the parallel development of counteraction human rights policies by the South Korean regime and US administrations. These counteractions were designed to safeguard the regime's legitimacy and to ensure the US Cold War security consensus. Thus, Hwang argues that local disputes over democratization in South Korea became transnational contestations on human rights through the development of trans-Pacific human rights politics. Human Rights and Transnational Democracy in South Korea critically engages with studies on global human rights, contemporary Korea, and U.S. Cold War policy. By presenting a bottom-up approach to the shaping of global human rights activism, it contributes to a growing body of literature that challenges European/U.S. centric accounts of human rights advocacy and moves beyond the national and minjung (people's) framework traditionally used to detail Korea's democratic transition.
Public Private Partnerships in Ireland
Provides a ground breaking and unique analysis of the development of Public Private Partnerships internationally, with a detailed focus on the rationale behind their introduction and outcomes in Ireland.
Understanding Global Social Policy
With a contemporary overview of global social policy formation, the third edition of this leading textbook identifies key issues, debates and priorities for action in social policy across the Global South and North. Accessible and lively, it incorporates seven new chapters covering theory, social justice, climate, migration, gender, young people and water, energy and food. The original chapters have also been fully updated to reflect major developments in the fast-changing world of global social policy. Key features include: - overview and summary boxes to bookend each chapter; - questions for discussion and follow-up activities; - further reading and resources. Exploring what it means to locate human welfare within a global framework of social policy analysis and action, this textbook offers a perfect guide for curious students.
Understanding Global Social Policy
With a contemporary overview of global social policy formation, the third edition of this leading textbook identifies key issues, debates and priorities for action in social policy across the Global South and North. Accessible and lively, it incorporates seven new chapters covering theory, social justice, climate, migration, gender, young people and water, energy and food. The original chapters have also been fully updated to reflect major developments in the fast-changing world of global social policy. Key features include: - overview and summary boxes to bookend each chapter; - questions for discussion and follow-up activities; - further reading and resources. Exploring what it means to locate human welfare within a global framework of social policy analysis and action, this textbook offers a perfect guide for curious students.
The Kill Chain
From a former senior advisor to Senator John McCain comes an urgent wake-up call about how new technologies are threatening America's military might. For generations of Americans, our country has been the world's dominant military power. How the US military fights, and the systems and weapons that it fights with, have been uncontested. That old reality, however, is rapidly deteriorating. America's traditional sources of power are eroding amid the emergence of new technologies and the growing military threat posed by rivals such as China. America is at grave risk of losing a future war. As Christian Brose reveals in this urgent wake-up call, the future will be defined by artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, and other emerging technologies that are revolutionizing global industries and are now poised to overturn the model of American defense. This fascinating, if disturbing, book confronts the existential risks on the horizon, charting a way for America's military to adapt and succeed with new thinking as well as new technology. America must build a battle network of systems that enables people to rapidly understand threats, make decisions, and take military actions, the process known as "the kill chain." Examining threats from China, Russia, and elsewhere, The Kill Chain offers hope and, ultimately, insights on how America can apply advanced technologies to prevent war, deter aggression, and maintain peace
Homegrown Hate
CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title, 2022 To better understand current events and threats, this book outlines the organizations and beliefs of domestic terrorists in the United States and how to counter their attacks on American democracy. Who are the American citizens--White nationalists and militant Islamists--perpetrating acts of terrorism against their own country? What are their grievances and why do they hate? How can this transnational peril be effectively addressed? Homegrown Hate is a groundbreaking and deeply researched work that directly compares White nationalists and militant Islamists in the United States. In this timely book, scholar and holistic justice activist Sara Kamali examines these Americans' self-described beliefs, grievances, and rationales for violence, and details their organizational structures within a transnational context. She presents compelling insight into the most pressing threat to homeland security not only in the United States, but in nations across the globe: citizens who are targeting their homeland according to their respective narratives of victimhood. She also explains the hate behind the headlines and provides the tools to counter this hate from within, cogently offering hope in uncertain and divisive times. Innovative and engaging, this is an indispensable resource for all who cherish equity and justice in the United States and around the world.
Your California Governments in Action, Second Edition
Your California Governments in Action by Winston W. Crouch and John C. Bollens is a clear, accessible introduction to how California governs itself. Written for students and engaged citizens, this volume traces the origins of the state's constitutions, explains the organization and functions of the legislature, executive, and judiciary, and situates California within the federal system. It highlights both the formal structures--laws, charters, and constitutional provisions--and the lived processes of politics, from elections and voter initiatives to the work of city councils, counties, and special districts. Balancing historical background with contemporary examples, the book underscores California's rapid growth and the challenges of governing such a complex state. It shows how voters exercise direct power through initiatives and referenda, how governors and legislators craft policy, and how local governments and state agencies interact. With its blend of constitutional history, practical civics, and illustrations of government in action, the book remains a valuable guide for understanding how democratic institutions operate in California's unique political landscape. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1960.
Your California Governments in Action, Second Edition
Your California Governments in Action by Winston W. Crouch and John C. Bollens is a clear, accessible introduction to how California governs itself. Written for students and engaged citizens, this volume traces the origins of the state's constitutions, explains the organization and functions of the legislature, executive, and judiciary, and situates California within the federal system. It highlights both the formal structures--laws, charters, and constitutional provisions--and the lived processes of politics, from elections and voter initiatives to the work of city councils, counties, and special districts. Balancing historical background with contemporary examples, the book underscores California's rapid growth and the challenges of governing such a complex state. It shows how voters exercise direct power through initiatives and referenda, how governors and legislators craft policy, and how local governments and state agencies interact. With its blend of constitutional history, practical civics, and illustrations of government in action, the book remains a valuable guide for understanding how democratic institutions operate in California's unique political landscape. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1960.
The History of the Labor Movement in the United States, Vol. 11
In 1947, at the time of completing Volume I of the History of the Labor Movement in the United States, Foner reflected on the role of a Marxist historian of labor. Foner summed up the role this way: to present an "historical view which will enlighten our present struggles, will stimulate the foresight of labor's thinkers and leaders, and give to the great mass of our workers the clarity, courage and determination to forge ahead for the attainment of their immediate ends, and for the accomplishment of the historical mission of the working class: the abolition of the exploitation of man by man." In Volume XI Foner remained true to this goal. The book radiates enlightenment for current struggles and encouragement for those fighting for a socialist future.
Childhood Realities
ABOUT THE BOOK: - According to 2011 Census of India, out of 1.21 billion people in India 472 million population is below 1 8 years. The Government of India's Study on Child Abuse 2007, reveals that alarming number of children are being abused and neglected in India due to various reasons. Two out of three children are physically abused, sixty five percent of school going children experiences come fo rm o f co r p o ra l punishment, more than half children have reported some or other form of sexu
Atomic Days
Once home to the United States's largest plutonium production site, the Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Washington state is laced with 56 million gallons of radioactive waste. The threat of an explosive accident at Hanford is all too real-an event that could be more catastrophic than Chernobyl. The EPA designated Hanford the most toxic place in America; it is also the most expensive environmental clean-up job the world has ever seen, with a $677 billion price tag that keeps growing. Huge underground tanks, well past their life expectancy and full of boiling radioactive gunk, are leaking, infecting groundwater supplies and threatening the Columbia River. Whistleblowers, worried that the worst is ahead, are now speaking out, begging to be heard and hoping their pleas help bring attention to the dire situation at Hanford. Aside from a few feisty community groups and handful of Indigenous activists, there is very little public scrutiny of the clean-up process, which is managed by the Department of Energy and carried out by contractors with shoddy track records, like Bechtel. In the context of renewed support for atomic power as a means of combating climate change, Atomic Days provides a much-needed refutation of the myths of nuclear technology-from weapons to electricity-and shines a spotlight on the ravages of Hanford and its threat to communities, workers and the global environment.
The Tyranny of Human Rights
In The Tyranny of Human Rights: From Jacobinism to the United Nations Bolton examines the manner by which "Enlightenment" doctrines shaped liberalism and the bloody progenies of Jacobinism and Bolshevism. Bolton demonstrates that the inevitable consequences of these doctrines being predicated on the fallacy of universal equality is the need for increasingly draconian laws, pervasive indoctrination, and, where these are insufficient, "color revolution" and war. Like the Jacobin doctrine of "liberty, equality, fraternity," these measures, undertaken in the name of "human rights," "equality," and "social justice," are largely directed toward the destruction of European peoples. The ultimate aim behind the humanitarian facade is a world state where people, resources, technology, and capital can be moved about without any hindrance from nation states, races, cultures, and even families. Extensively sourced, with forewords by Dr. Tomislav Sunic and Prof. Edward Dutton, Antelope Hill Publishing is proud to present The Tyranny of Human Rights: From Jacobinism to the United Nations by renowned author Kerry R. Bolton. This latest contribution by Bolton is a vital tool in understanding the nefarious machine of international human rights.
Mother of Exiles
Mother of Exiles: Interviews of Asylum Seekers at the Good Neighbor Settlement House, Brownsville, Texas by James Pace brings a human face to the borderlands crisis. Through eighty-five poignant interviews of asylum seekers from Bangladesh, Cameroon, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, Pace provides unvarnished testimony of the sojourners' flight to the South Texas border (2018 - 2019); their detention by US Customs and Border Protection, and US Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and conditional release.Through the interviews, Pace records the humanitarian aid proffered by Team Brownsville; and the interfaith Good Neighbor Settlement House's galvanizing Refugee Respite Program, created by then volunteer director, Jack M. White Jr., MSW, whose small staff and a cadre of volunteers source food, clothing, transportation; and provide access to phones, restrooms, showers, and beds for hundreds a day released to the city's bus station, in transit to the next destination.In her riveting introduction, historian Sarah Towle sets the stage for the political, social, economic, and environmental factors that contribute to the desperate migration of people to the borderlands, and how one small historic border town has risen up to meet the unremitting humanitarian crisis, through strength, intelligence, faith, and love.
Crimes in Archival Form
Crimes in Archival Form explores the many ways in which human rights "facts" are produced rather than found. Using Myanmar as his case study, Ken MacLean examines the fact-finding practices of a human rights group, two cross-border humanitarian agencies, an international law clinic, and a global NGO-led campaign. Foregrounding fact-finding, in critical yet constructive ways, prompts long overdue conversations about the possibilities and limits of human rights documentation as a mode of truth-seeking. Such conversations are particularly urgent in an era when the perpetrators of large-scale human rights violations exploit misinformation, weaponize disinformation, and employ outright falsehoods, including deepfakes, to undermine the credibility of those who document abuses and demand accountability in the court of public opinion and in courts of law. MacLean compels practitioners and scholars alike to be more transparent about how human rights "fact" production works, why it is important, and when its use should prompt concern.
Reforming State-Owned Enterprises in Asia
This book analyzes state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which are still significant players in many Asian economies. They provide essential public services, build and operate key infrastructure, and are often reservoirs of public employment. Their characteristics and inherent competitive advantages as publicly owned enterprises allow them to play these critical roles. Their weaknesses in governance and inefficiencies in incentive structures, however, also often lead to poor performance. SOEs must be efficient, transparent, and accountable to level the playing field for private companies, secure the growth of a vibrant private sector, and achieve sustained and inclusive economic growth. This book analyzes the reform of SOEs in Asia, the results of which are mixed. The volume concludes that some key conditions generally need to be met for SOE reforms to be successful: national bureaucracies must have the capacity to implement the reforms, and adverse impacts on international trade and investment must be avoided.
Political Ecology
This book offers a conceptual framework for the critical understanding of the present socio-environmental conflicts. It reflects on the evolution of subject and thought, a shift in environmental thinking triggered by the development of eco-territorial conflicts and the social responses given to the environmental question. Bringing together 40 years of the authors writing and research, the book explores the transition from ecological economics and historical materialism to ecological Marxism. It unpacks the forging of political ecology from value theory in political economy, to ecological distribution and ecologies of difference; a transition to an environmental rationality grounded in the ontology of diversity, a politics of difference and an ethics of otherness. This evolution in thinking gives consistency to a theoretical discourse able to respond to the territorial conflicts generated by the radicalization of the environmental question as a key social issue of our times. The bookis a call to respond to the urgent challenge of reversing the tendency towards the entropic death of the planet and to building a sustainable world order.
Alternatives to Privatization
There is a vast literature for and against privatizing public services. Those who are against privatization are often confronted with the objection that they present no alternative. This book takes up that challenge by establishing theoretical models for what does (and does not) constitute an alternative to privatization, and what might make them 'successful', backed up by a comprehensive set of empirical data on public services initiatives in over 40 countries. This is the first such global survey of its kind, providing a rigorous and robust platform for evaluating different alternatives and allowing for comparisons across regions and sectors. The book helps to conceptualize and evaluate what has become an important and widespread movement for better public services in the global South. The contributors explore historical, existing and proposed non-commercialized alternatives for primary health, water/sanitation and electricity. The objectives of the research have been to develop conceptual and methodological frameworks for identifying and analyzing alternatives to privatization, and testing these models against actually existing alternatives on the ground in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Information of this type is urgently required for practitioners and analysts, both of whom are seeking reliable knowledge on what kind of public models work, how transferable they are from one place to another and what their main strengths and weaknesses are.
Crimes in Archival Form
Crimes in Archival Form explores the many ways in which human rights "facts" are produced rather than found. Using Myanmar as his case study, Ken MacLean examines the fact-finding practices of a human rights group, two cross-border humanitarian agencies, an international law clinic, and a global NGO-led campaign. Foregrounding fact-finding, in critical yet constructive ways, prompts long overdue conversations about the possibilities and limits of human rights documentation as a mode of truth-seeking. Such conversations are particularly urgent in an era when the perpetrators of large-scale human rights violations exploit misinformation, weaponize disinformation, and employ outright falsehoods, including deepfakes, to undermine the credibility of those who document abuses and demand accountability in the court of public opinion and in courts of law. MacLean compels practitioners and scholars alike to be more transparent about how human rights "fact" production works, why it is important, and when its use should prompt concern.
Is Basic Income Within Reach?
This book examines the evolution of basic income policy and research in advanced economies and is divided into two parts. The first section considers the development of basic income as a social policy initiative in advanced (OECD) nations from the 1960s to today. It reviews what the negative income tax experiments accomplished, their limitations, and what they can lend to the design and implementation of basic income pilots or a full blown basic income program today. It also considers important developments and research in poverty and economic inequality and in technological change and labour market adjustment over the last half century. The second section focuses on the Canadian case, where the prospects for basic income are perhaps among the most promising. In addition to a review of Mincome and its lessons and limitations, this section considers important developments in poverty research by the Economic Council of Canada and the Canadian Senate in the 1960s, attempts at welfare reform, and the policy initiatives to develop a basic income for elderly Canadians that has endured to this day. Many of the important social and technological developments that are reviewed in the first part will be discussed in more detail with specific reference to the Canadian case. The evolution of the important policy innovations―the National Child Benefit and its successors and the Poverty Reduction Strategy―are outlined in detail and linked to other, more modest, income support initiatives such as the federal sales tax credit that provide a potential foundation for a comprehensive basic income plan in Canada. Research, including recent microsimulation studies of a basic income, are critically reviewed. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has increased interest in basic income to support those hardest hit, the book argues for careful design of basic income policies in its aftermath rather than simplistic adoption of emergency pandemic measures.
Nuclear Japan
These observations are based upon the premise that, with war having been a constant feature of humankind's evolution, a nation's security and prosperity are inextricably linked with its military strength. To illustrate the point, the author compares the revered historical cities of Venice and Aleppo. Of the two, Venice benefited from having the most advanced military capacity of mediaeval times and thus enjoyed prolonged stability while Aleppo constantly suffered at the hands of more powerful enemies. Japan more closely resembles the latter. In the postwar era, it is the states equipped with nuclear weapons that have dictated the balance of power. Indeed, the four countries of most significance to Japan's present security are its ally the United States and the hostile or potentially hostile China, Russia and North Korea - all of them nuclear-armed. As the ultimately fruitless meetings between North Korean leader Kim Jong Il and former US President Donald Trump illustrate, North Korea has absolutely no intention of giving up its nuclear and other advanced armaments. But even if it were to do so, the more menacing threat to Japan comes from China. With its militarisation of the South China Sea, its aggressive intentions towards Taiwan, its provocative behaviour around the Senkaku (Diaoyu) islands, its relentless military expansion and its determination to replace America as the regional hegemon, China represents an undoubtedly grave danger to Japan. The author proposes a two-pronged strategy. Firstly, Japan should construct a network of nuclear shelters sufficient in scale and number to protect its people - particularly in the populous urban areas that would probably be targeted by the enemy. Secondly, Japan should join NATO and avail itself of the protection afforded by American nuclear warheads and bombs while preparing itself for war. However, if joining NATO turned out to be unfeasible, Japan should instead divert the resources currently allocated to maintaining the US military presence in the country to developing its own atomic warheads and bombs as well as submarines equipped with nuclear missiles. Despite the received wisdom that Japan is forbidden by its constitution from having nuclear weapons, the author points out that the issue has been raised by various administrations in the past going as far back as that of Prime Minister Kishi Nobosuke in 1957. Moreover, the frequent port calls by US submarines and aircraft carriers laden with atomic weapons make a mockery of the Three Non-Nuclear Principles that Japan supposedly observes. With the US-Japan Security Alliance offering absolutely no guarantee of protection, the author sees no impediment to Japan abrogating it and embarking on its own nuclear weapons programme. In the postwar period, a number of countries have succeeded in developing such weapons and it is perfectly possible for Japan to do likewise. In conclusion, the author foresees a situation in which China succeeds in subjugating Taiwan and America is forced by financial constraints to reduce its military presence in the Far East. The only country able to make up the shortfall would be Japan - which, by acquiring nuclear weapons, would be able to maintain the balance of security in East Asia. By the same token, it would be able to ensure its own survival.
Think or Be Eaten
What a shame that someone out there, some group of very strange people, have such a strong driving need to destroy mankind, to enslave it and humiliate it, and teach us all to believe that we have no value and we don't matter and we can't think for ourselves. The wars and genocides are all a part of some grotesque greater plan, and separating the human being from himself is the beginning and end of hope for our species. But we don't have to go along with anything that we know is evil or wrong or destructive. We don't have to choose to be devalued and disrespected by anyone who claims to be more important than ourselves. We already know that no legitimate being would tell us to be less than we are. It's the overt demand that we stop existing. That's slow death from the inside out. On a vast scale, when all of society gets down on its knees to mere men who say they must, it is spiritual genocide. We are free to stop doing it anytime.
Patents, Human Rights, and Access to Medicines
Patent rights on pharmaceutical products are one of the factors responsible for the lack of access to affordable medicines in developing countries. In this work, Emmanuel Kolawole Oke provides a systematic analysis of the tension between patent rights and human rights law, contending that, in order to preserve their patent policy space and secure access to affordable medicines for their citizens, developing countries should incorporate a model of human rights into the design, implementation, interpretation, and enforcement of their national patent laws. Through a comprehensive analysis of court decisions from three key developing countries (India, Kenya, and South Africa), Oke assesses the effectiveness of national courts in resolving conflicts between patent rights and the right to health, and demonstrates how a model of human rights can be incorporated into the adjudication of patent rights.
Political Parties and the Challenge of Disintermediation
How do parties adapt to an environment characterised by the rejection of intermediate bodies? They both offer members more opportunity for direct and online participation and strengthen their leadership. By proposing an innovative framework for the analysis of disintermediation in politics, and through an in-depth examination of the inner workings of two Italian parties (the Partito Democratico and the Movimento 5 Stelle), this book shows both how these trends are connected and the ways in which the promise of unmediated intra-party relationships lead to the emergence of new forms of intermediation.
Competing Interest Groups and Lobbying in the Construction of the European Banking Union
This book investigates the role of banking interest groups and lobbying in the making of the European Banking Union. Facing the politicization of financial regulation in the wake of the crisis, core players of the European banking industry managed to adapt and re-orient their lobbying resources and strategies to influence the reform process. This work advances an original Critical IPE approach, which combines structural power, the collective agency of key socio-economic groups and the issue salience as critical determinants to explain corporate influence in policy-making. The explanatory framework is applied to a comprehensive analysis, tracing the Banking Union's development within the broader context of the EU post-crisis banking regulation. An in-depth scrutiny of the interest groups' preferences, coalitions and attainments is thus provided on the pillars of the Banking Union, covering banking supervision, resolution, deposit insurance, as well as the reform of the banks' prudential requirements and the failed project of an EU banking structural reform.
Sociocultural Otherness and Minority Justice: A Study on China
This book draws attention to the nonlegal, sociocultural aspects of justice for minorities in China. The primary objectives are threefold. The first is to present a tentative analysis of the lived realities of being 'the other' in China, with the aim of presenting a critical picture of the complex national context and identifying main concerns and key challenges. Six topics are covered - gender roles, health, class, intimacy, ethnicity and religion, and expression. The second objective is to explore the interaction between a wide range of factors and myriad systems that enable or hinder protection and justice for these groups, be they historical, political, social, or cultural, hoping to open up a rich domain of inquiry for those interested in to what extent and in what ways otherness may or may not survive in China. The third objective is to bring attention to new trends and developments, some are easily identifiable whereas others are less detectable, some are interrelated while others are relatively isolated, some are straightforward and others remain easily misinterpreted.
Parliaments' Contributions to Security Sector Governance/Reform and the Sustainable Development Goals
The United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 calls for the establishment of peaceful, just and inclusive societies. The security sector has the potential to contribute to SDG16 through the fulfilment of its traditional and non-traditional security tasks. However, the security sector can also detract from SDG16 when it acts outside the confines of the law. Good governance of the sector is therefore a prerequisite to achieving SDG16, and parliaments can make an important contribution to accountability and good governance. Parliaments contribute to both transparency and accountability of the sector through their various functions and act as a counterweight to executive dominance, including in the executive's use of security forces. Yet, in times of crisis, states run a risk of executive dominance and executives are often quick to resort to the use of the security sector to address an array of challenges. This risk also emerged during the global Covid-19 pandemic where states used the security sector, notably the military and police, in various ways to respond to the pandemic. This study reviewed the utilisation of the security sector in South Africa, the Philippines and the UK during the first year of the Covid-19 outbreak, resulting in varied outcomes ranging from positive humanitarian contributions to misconduct and brutality that led to the death of citizens. The initial lockdowns in these countries constrained parliamentary activity, resulting in a lack of adequate parliamentary oversight of security sector utilisation when it was most needed. Parliaments did recover oversight of the sector to varied degrees, but often with limited depth of inquiry into the Covid-19 deployments. To prevent the security sector from detracting from SDG16, the study identified a need for a rapid parliamentary reaction capability to security sector utilisation, especially in cases of extraordinary deployments coupled with an elevated risk of executive dominance.
Settling for Less
Why countries colonize the lands of indigenous people Over the past few centuries, vast areas of the world have been violently colonized by settlers. But why did states like Australia and the United States stop settling frontier lands during the twentieth century? At the same time, why did states loudly committed to decolonization like Indonesia and China start settling the lands of such minorities as the West Papuans and Uyghurs? Settling for Less traces this bewildering historical reversal, explaining when and why indigenous peoples suffer displacement at the hands of settlers. Lachlan McNamee challenges the notion that settler colonialism can be explained by economics or racial ideologies. He tells a more complex story about state building and the conflicts of interest between indigenous peoples, states, and settlers. Drawing from a rich array of historical evidence, McNamee shows that states generally colonize frontier areas in response to security concerns. Elite schemes to populate contested frontiers with loyal settlers, however, often fail. As societies grow wealthier and cities increasingly become magnets for migration, states ultimately lose the power to settle frontier lands. Settling for Less uncovers the internal dynamics of settler colonialism and the diminishing power of colonizers in a rapidly urbanizing world. Contrasting successful and failed colonization projects in Australia, Indonesia, China, and beyond, this book demonstrates that economic development--by thwarting colonization--has proven a powerful force for indigenous self-determination.
Resident Strangers
Immigrant laborers who came to the New South in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries found themselves poised uncomfortably between white employers and the Black working class, a liminal and often precarious position. Campaigns to recruit immigrants primarily aimed to suppress Black agency and mobility. If that failed, both planters and industrialists imagined that immigrants might replace Blacks entirely. Thus, white officials, citizens, and employers embraced immigrants when they acted in ways that sustained Jim Crow. However, when they directly challenged established political and economic power structures, immigrant laborers found themselves ostracized, jailed, or worse, by the New South order. Both industrial employers and union officials lauded immigrants' hardworking and noble character when it suited their purposes, and both denigrated and racialized them when immigrant laborers acted independently. Jennifer E. Brooks's Resident Strangers restores immigrant laborers to their place in the history of the New South, considering especially how various immigrant groups and individuals experienced their time in New South Alabama. Brooks utilizes convict records, censuses, regional and national newspapers, government documents, and oral histories to construct the story of immigrants in New South Alabama. The immigrant groups she focuses on appeared most often as laborers in the records, including the Chinese, southern Italians, and the diverse nationals of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, along with a sprinkling of others. Although recruitment crusades by Alabama's employers and New South boosters typically failed to bring in the vast numbers of immigrants they had envisioned, significant populations from around the world arrived in industries and communities across the state, especially in the coal- and ore-mining district of Birmingham. Resident Strangers reveals that immigrant laborers' presence and individual agency complicated racial categorization, disrupted labor relations, and diversified southern communities. It also presents a New South that was far from isolated from the forces at work across the nation or in the rest of the world. Immigrant laborers brought home to New South Alabama the turbulent world of empire building, deeply embedding the region in national and global networks of finance, trade, and labor migration.
Organizing Against Democracy
Organizing Against Democracy investigates some of the most important challenges modern democracies face, filling a distinctive gap in the literature, both empirically and theoretically. Ellinas examines the attempts of three of the most extreme European far-right parties to establish roots in local societies, and the responses of democratic actors. He offers a theory of local party development to analyze the many factors affecting the evolution of far-right parties at the subnational level. Using extraordinarily rich data, the author examines the 'lives' of local far-right party organizations in Greece, Germany and Slovakia, studying thousands of party activities and interviewing dozens of party leaders and functionaries, and antifascists. He goes on to explore how and why extreme parties succeed in some local settings while, in others, they fail. This book broadens our understanding of right-wing extremism, illuminating the factors limiting its corrosiveness.
The Steal
"A gripping ground-level narrative...a marvel of reporting: tightly wound... but also panoramic."--Washington Post"A lean, fast-paced and important account of the chaotic final weeks."--New York TimesIn The Steal, veteran journalists Mark Bowden and Matthew Teague offer a week-by week, state-by-state account of the effort to overturn the 2020 presidential election. In the sixty-four days between November 3 and January 6, President Donald Trump and his allies fought to reverse the outcome of the vote.Focusing on six states--Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin--Trump's supporters claimed widespread voter fraud.The Steal is an engaging, in-depth report on what happened during those crucial nine weeks and a portrait of the dedicated individuals who did their duty and stood firm against the unprecedented, sustained attack on our election system and ensured that every legal vote was counted and that the will of the people prevailed.In this revised version of the The Steal, Mark Bowden distills the full January 6th Committee Report from its original 300,000 words to a brisk and illuminating few pages. Teague and Bowden have also added a preface, an afterword, and updates throughout the text to include new findings from the January 6th Committee Report and Trump's ongoing attempts at regaining popularity and running for office in 2024.
Wilhelminism and Its Legacies
What was distinctive-and distinctively "modern"-about German society and politics in the age of Kaiser Wilhelm II? In addressing this question, these essays assemble cutting-edge research by fourteen international scholars. Based on evidence of an explicit and self-confidently "bourgeois" formation in German public culture, the contributors suggest new ways of interpreting its reformist potential and advance alternative readings of German political history before 1914. While proposing a more measured understanding of Wilhelmine Germany's extraordinarily dynamic society, they also grapple with the ambivalent, cross-cutting nature of German "modernities" and reassess their impact on long-term developments running through the Wilhelmine age.
Immigration Controls
Some of the most pressing questions in immigration law and policy today concern the problem of immigration controls. How are immigration laws administered, and how are they enforced against those who enter and remain in a receiving country without legal permission? Comparing the United States and Germany, two of the four extended essays in this volume concern enforcement; the other two address techniques for managing high-volume asylum systems in both countries.
New Political Parties in the Party Systems of the Czech Republic
The book introduces readers to the basic knowledge about changes in the political party system, which started to take place after the parliamentary elections in 2010.The introductory part introduces the basic development of the political party system in the Czech Republic, discusses the characteristics of new actors and described the two concepts used, i.e. the business firm-party and the far-right populist parties. On the basis of this introductory chapter, new political parties are introduced in more detail, namely Public Affairs, the Dawn of Direct Democracy and Freedom and Direct Democracy (associated with Tomio Okamura) and Andrej Babis's ANO movement.
Researching People and the Sea
In this unique edited collection, social scientists reflect upon and openly share insights gathered from researching people and the sea. Understanding how people use, relate to and interact with coastal and marine environments has never been more important, with social scientists having an increasingly vital contribution to make. Yet practical experiences in deploying social science approaches in this field are typically hidden away in field notes and unpublished doctoral manuscripts, with the opportunity for shared learning that comes from doing research often missed. There is a need for reflection on how social science knowledge is produced. This collection presents experiences from the field, its necessary reflexivity and innovation in methods, and the challenges and opportunities of translating across disciplines and policy. It brings to light the tacit expertise needed to study people and the sea and offers lessons which readerscould employ in their own research. With a focus on the future direction of marine social sciences, the volume is highly relevant to masters and doctoral students and more experienced researchers engaged in studying people and the sea, as well as policy makers, practitioners and scientists wishing to understand the social dimension of marine and coastal environments. Chapters 2 and 3 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Us Presidents and Cold War Nuclear Diplomacy
This book will illustrate that despite the variations of nuclear tensions during the Cold War period--from nuclear inception, to mass proliferation, to arms control treaties and d矇tente, through to an intensification and "reasonable" conclusion (the INF Treaty and START being case points)--the "lessons" over the last decade are quickly being unlearned. Given debates surrounding the emerging "new Cold War," the deterioration of relations between Russia and the United States, and the concurrent challenges being made by key nuclear states in obfuscating arms control mechanisms, this book attempts to provide a much needed revisit into US presidential foreign policy during the Cold War. Across nine chapters, the monograph traces the United States' nuclear diplomacy and Presidential strategic thought, transitioning across the early period of Cold War arms racing through to the era's defining conclusion. It will reveal that notwithstanding the heightened periods when great power conflict seemed imminent, arms control fora and seminal agreements were able to be devised, implemented, and provided a needed base in bringing down the specter of a cataclysmic nuclear war, as well as improving bilateral relations. This volume will be of great interest to scholars and students of American foreign policy, diplomatic history, security studies and international relations.
Walls and Gateways
In 1979 Dubrovnik was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site, which had consequences for the city's broader cultural heritage. Walls and Gateways explores how this status intersects with the reconstruction and consolidation of identities and locality in the city's post-war context. It analyses how representations, perceptions and uses of Dubrovnik's heritage are embedded in particular cultural practices, materiality and place. In Dubrovnik's post-war context, different uses of cultural memory and heritage provoke both dissonance and unity, shape practices and mobilize cultural and political activism.
Ngos, Policy Networks and Political Opportunities in Hybrid Regimes
This book discusses the diversity and resilience in a hybrid regime where civil society organisations are either provided with complex sets of opportunities or face severe constraints. By studying the case of Iran between 1997 and 2013, it shows how the Islamic Republic regime went into two opposite directions under two presidencies and played in-between supporting and suppressing advocacy NGOs. After accommodating a novel theoretical framework enabling scholars to identify the contributing factors of diversity in the regime, four case-study chapters are designated for comparing the women's rights and environmental NGOs across local and national governments. These two political and technical policy areas demonstrate the different scopes of freedoms for advocacy NGOs. The contrasting narratives of the civil activists and policymakers imply paradoxes and shifts in the arrangement of opportunities for action and advocacy, although the leadership and structure of the regime remained unchanged during the period of study.
The Future of Zimbabwe's Agrarian Sector
This volume reflects on the recent political developments in Zimbabwe and their current and future impact on the agrarian sector. The book will be of interest to researchers, NGOs and policymakers interested in the politics of land and agriculture in Zimbabwe and southern Africa.
Media, Elections, and Democracy: Royal Commission on Electoral Reform
Examines campaign communication in selected industrial democracies.
