Intelligence and State Surveillance in Modern Societies
Building on Frederic Lemieux's previous work exploring how Western state surveillance and intelligence activities have drastically adapted to new domestic and global challenges, this second edition expands on additional dimensions of intelligence and surveillance activities conducted in modern societies. Featuring new chapters on inter-agency cooperation at both national and international levels, cyber intelligence (CI), the link between intelligence and police cooperation, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and international operations, counterterrorism, and intelligence activities conducted by the United States since September 11, 2001, Lemieux also includes several updates to existing chapters, including the role of AI in intelligence analysis. Delving into how counterterrorism operations have profoundly changed how intelligence activities are conducted by integrating new technologies, new partnerships, and raising new ethical dilemmas, the author also expands on the intelligence operations undertaken in cyberspace to describe the emerging cyber intelligence field. Offering a compelling understanding of contemporary state surveillance dynamics, this second edition is a timely update that lands at the critical intersection of cutting-edge technology and international security.
West Asian Dynamics and Indias Strategic Imperative
This book comprises a collection of Ambassador Trigunayat's comments and articles on recent developments in our critical extended neighborhood of West Asia over a period of 3-4 years. West Asia is possibly the most important strategic geography for India for energy security, economic growth and expatriates who contribute to both the development of India and their host countries. Present government has rightly accorded highest priority to developing close and strategic ties with several countries in the region especially from the GCC. India has also extended her outreach in regional and sub-regional formats like I2U2, IUSU and IMEEC which was missing. The Book may be of interest to the students of International relations and Civil services aspirants.
Routledge Handbook on Contemporary Israel
This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary Israel, accounting for changes, developments and contemporary debates. The different chapters offer both a historical background and an updated analysis of politics, economy, society and culture.
New Paths and Policies Towards Conflict Prevention
This book explores the discourse on conflict prevention and peacebuilding by bringing together researchers from China and Switzerland over a series policy dialogues.
Unscop and the Arab-Israeli Conflict
This book provides the first comprehensive account of the work of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP), constituted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1947 to study the situation in Palestine at the end of the British Mandate and make recommendations about its political future.
Public Innovation and Digital Transformation
This book addresses the fascinating relationship of these two contemporary topics and explores the role of digital transformation in promoting public innovation.
Disaggregating Diasporas as a Force in Role Contestation
Using a Role Theory lens, this book addresses this shortage of work through investigating Tamil diaspora mass movements and interest groups as forces of domestic foreign policy influence.
Working with Data in the Public Sector
Working with Data in the Public Sector: From Fear to Enthusiasm is the first book designed for practicing and future public administration professionals to help overcome any anxiety about using data effectively in their roles.
The Abiy Project
In 2018, Ethiopia and the world were in the throes of "Abiymania", a fervor of popular support for the divided country's young, charismatic new prime minister. Arriving as if from nowhere, Abiy Ahmed, a Pentecostal Christian, promised democratic salvation and national unity. For his role brokering a historic peace with neighboring Eritrea, he received the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize. Hailed at home as a prophet and abroad as a liberal reformer, Abiy was all things to all men. But his democratic revolution wasn't quite what it seemed. Within two years, Ethiopia had lurched into a devastating civil war, threatening state collapse. By 2023, fighting on an apocalyptic scale had killed hundreds of thousands in the northern Tigray region; famine stalked the land; and Ethiopia's once-promising economy lay in tatters. But Abiy had never looked stronger. Based on hundreds of interviews with Ethiopians of all persuasions, and extensive reporting across the country, this book traces the fading hope of Ethiopia's transition, unravelling the paradoxes of an enigmatic world leader. Despite everything, Abiy remains in power, embodying the new Ethiopia in all its contradiction, triumph and tragedy. But his attempt to remold the country in his image almost broke it--and may break it still.
Nigeria’s Foreign Policy Since 1999
Nigeria's Foreign Policy Since 1999 discusses the dynamics of Nigeria's foreign policy since the beginning of the country's Fourth Republic in 1999. Major themes explored in the book include Afrocentrism and pan-Africanism in Nigeria's foreign policy, the country's role in such multilateral institutions as African Union, the Economic Community of West African States, and the Gulf of Guinea Commission. It equally discusses Nigeria's relations with the major powers such as the United Kingdom (UK), the United States of America, the People's Republic of China, France, and Russia.The book will be of special interest to students and practitioners of African History, International Relations, Political Science, Development Studies and related disciplines. ___________________________George Awele Nwalie obtained his BSC, M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University, Russia, (also known as RUDN University). He currently teaches at the Department of Theory and History of International Relations at the same University.Yao Nikez Adu holds a PhD in Law and is currently an Associate professor at the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, (also known as RUDN University).
From International Law to World Peace
Valentin Tomberg's From International Law to World Peace was written in England in 1952, when the Cold War was becoming the determining political factor throughout the world. In our own time also we teeter on the brink of war and peace-we need only call to mind the present conflicts in Ukraine and Palestine. In short, the question of establishing world peace, and the role of international law in promoting it, is more relevant than ever. Tomberg examines with great clarity and insight the history of the jurisprudence of international law from its very beginnings in antiquity up to the middle of the twentieth century. He echoes the theme of his earlier work, The Art of the Good: The Regeneration of Fallen Justice, that the modern development of law consists in its gradual degeneration. Based on Thomas Aquinas's conception of law, he sees at the top of the legal edifice the eternal law that reveals itself in the world as divine law, as that itself underlies the natural law, which in turn evokes a sense of right and justice as a basic orientation for the positive law established by humankind. Tomberg does not limit himself, however, to justifying his thesis that these stages are no longer present in law-rather, he offers perspectives as to how the degenerative process he so exhaustively diagnoses can be counteracted by a regeneration of law. May the book in your hands contribute to meeting this challenge!
From International Law to World Peace
Valentin Tomberg's From International Law to World Peace was written in England in 1952, when the Cold War was becoming the determining political factor throughout the world. In our own time also we teeter on the brink of war and peace--we need only call to mind the present conflicts in Ukraine and Palestine. In short, the question of establishing world peace, and the role of international law in promoting it, is more relevant than ever. Tomberg examines with great clarity and insight the history of the jurisprudence of international law from its very beginnings in antiquity up to the middle of the twentieth century. He echoes the theme of his earlier work, The Art of the Good: The Regeneration of Fallen Justice, that the modern development of law consists in its gradual degeneration. Based on Thomas Aquinas's conception of law, he sees at the top of the legal edifice the eternal law that reveals itself in the world as divine law, as that itself underlies the natural law, which in turn evokes a sense of right and justice as a basic orientation for the positive law established by humankind. Tomberg does not limit himself, however, to justifying his thesis that these stages are no longer present in law--rather, he offers perspectives as to how the degenerative process he so exhaustively diagnoses can be counteracted by a regeneration of law. May the book in your hands contribute to meeting this challenge!
A Historic Point of Departure
I have always maintained that the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will endure until an independent Palestinian state is established based on a two-state solution. Since the 1967 Six Day War, Israel and the Palestinians have engaged in scores of violent encounters, two Intifadas, and several mini wars, culminating in the terrorist attack by Hamas on October 7th and the current Israel-Hamas war. These conflagrations have only demonstrated that the occupation is not and will never be sustainable. The tragic incident of October 7th and its aftermath, however, has created a new paradigm in the conflict, making it impossible to return to the status quo ante. The two state solution has been presented once again, which all concerned parties can no longer ignore. No Israeli government will be able to withstand the mounting international pressure to bring closure to the conflict. The main players, especially the leading Arab states and the US, view the conflict as the main source of regional instability, adversely affecting not only the security and well-being of Israel and the Palestinians but also their own geostrategic interests. They are now more determined than ever before, along with a majority of Israelis and Palestinians, to bring to a closure to the most debilitating conflict since World War II. This book provides a guideline as to how to reach this goal which has eluded so many before. Dr. Alon Ben-Meir is a retired professor of international affairs, most recently having taught at New York University's Center for Global Affairs. Ben-Meir is an expert on Middle East and West Balkan affairs, international negotiations, and conflict resolution. In the past two decades, Ben-Meir has been directly involved in various backchannel negotiations involving Israel and its neighboring countries and Turkey. Ben-Meir is featured on a variety of television networks and also regularly briefs at the U.S. State Department for the International Visitors Program. He writes a weekly article that is syndicated globally. Dr. Ben-Meir has authored seven books related to the Middle East and is currently working on a new book that expands upon his proposal for an Israeli-Palestinian-Jordanian Confederation. Ben-Meir holds a master's degree in philosophy and a doctorate in international relations from Oxford University
The Longest Boundary
This is the only book to tell, in a way that should appeal to both specialised historians and the general reader, the story of how the course of what became the US-Canadian border was agreed, step by step, between 1763 and 1910, and to take in episodes, like the 1790 Nootka Sound crisis, that had major impacts but seldom figure in accounts of Anglo-American relations. Firmly based on primary documents, both published and unpublished, the book can often shed new light by using not only the more familiar American sources but also sometimes-overlooked British ones. Often at odds with geography, the border's line might well have been different. Thus had an 1803 treaty been negotiated faster, it would have turned south at the Lake of the Woods not west along the 49th parallel, while in the 'War of 1812' the US sought to take 'Canada', Britain to make 'Michigan' an 'independent' Indian reserve. And adventitious factors could prove important: resolution of the long-running north-eastern boundary dispute was much helped by Daniel Webster's ability to pressure Maine's leaders by showing them recently acquired historic maps that seemed to bear out the British claim, while a similar British map implying the opposite did not surface until after the 1842 treaty. Had these maps come to light in a different order, compromise would have been far harder. The book's chief actors are politicians and diplomats, but developments would be influenced by a range of others extending from First Nations chiefs and prophets to surveyors, sea captains, and ordinary people - from 1832-5 the tiny settlement of Indian Stream constituted itself an independent 'Republic', while in 1843 52 settlers in the Willamette Valley set up what proved a successful Provisional Government that ran Oregon until the US finally took over in 1849.
Global Governance and Advocacy Compass
Navigate the complex landscape of global governance with "Global Governance and Advocacy Compass: A Handbook for 2024." Published by Advocacy Unified Network, this comprehensive guide sheds light on the significant events, policy shifts, and advocacy strategies that defined the year 2024.Dive into the intricate world of international relations, from the reformation of the United Nations Security Council to the expansion of BRICS. Explore the nuances of regional elections, global forums, and summits, and witness the dynamic political scenarios that shaped the global stage.Crafted for policymakers, advocates, and global citizens, this handbook offers detailed insights into each month's critical developments, providing a roadmap for effective advocacy and informed decision-making. Uncover the key trends, challenges, and opportunities that influenced global governance in 2024, and gain a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of nations in an interdependent world.As the Advocacy Unified Network's Chairman, Mr. Arindam Bhattacharya, emphasizes in his opening message, this handbook is a vital resource for those committed to shaping a world of collaborative and inclusive global governance. It serves as a compass, guiding readers through the complex waters of international affairs and inspiring proactive engagement for a better future."Global Governance and Advocacy Compass" is not just a retrospective analysis; it's a call to action. Discover how advocacy and informed policymaking can drive positive change on the global stage. This handbook is your tool to understand, engage, and advocate for a world where cooperation and shared responsibility shape the course of our collective future.
The End of Ambition
A clear-headed vision for the United States' role in the Middle East that highlights the changing nature of US national interests and the challenges of grand strategizing at a time of profound change in the international order. Following a long series of catastrophic misadventures in the Middle East over the last two decades, the American foreign policy community has tried to understand what went wrong. After weighing the evidence, they have mostly advised a retreat from the region. The basic view is that when the United States tries to advance change in the Middle East, it only makes matters worse. In The End of Ambition, Steven A. Cook argues that while these analysts are rightly concerned that engagement drains US resources and distorts its domestic politics, the broader impulse to disengage tends to neglect important lessons from the past. Moreover, advocates of pulling back overlook the potential risks of withdrawal. Covering the relationship between the US and the Middle East since the end of WWII, Cook makes the bold claim that despite setbacks and moral costs, the United States has been overwhelmingly successful in protecting its core national interests in the Middle East. Conversely, overly ambitious policies to remake the region and leverage US power not only ended in failure, but rendered the region unstable in new and largely misunderstood ways. While making the case that retrenchment is not the answer to America's problems in the Middle East, The End of Ambition highlights how America's interests in the region have begun to change and critically examines alternative approaches to US-Middle East policy. Cook highlights the challenges that policymakers and analysts confront developing a new strategy for the United States in the Middle East against the backdrop of both political uncertainty in the United States and a changing global order.
Displacing Theory Through the Global South
Displacing Theory Through the Global South calls for reflection on the historical and geopolitical inequalities that have shaped theorization. It asserts that what appears 'universal' often involves generalizations that flatten the particular. Critiquing the colonialist, imperialist, and Eurocentric perspectives that have historically impacted theorization in general and, more specifically, knowledge production about the so-called Global South, this volume seeks a different form of engagement that moves beyond such strictures. Featuring essays that unsettle distinctions between the general and the particular, it proposes a commitment to expanding notions of universality, making theorization not only relevant and generative, but ultimately, transformative.
Routledge Handbook of Transnational Organized Crime
This fully revised new edition provides a definitive and holistic overview of Transnational Organized Crime (TOC) in a world in which right wing populism has gained ground, trade wars are increasing, and China is an emerging force.
Displacing Theory Through the Global South
Displacing Theory Through the Global South calls for reflection on the historical and geopolitical inequalities that have shaped theorization. It asserts that what appears 'universal' often involves generalizations that flatten the particular. Critiquing the colonialist, imperialist, and Eurocentric perspectives that have historically impacted theorization in general and, more specifically, knowledge production about the so-called Global South, this volume seeks a different form of engagement that moves beyond such strictures. Featuring essays that unsettle distinctions between the general and the particular, it proposes a commitment to expanding notions of universality, making theorization not only relevant and generative, but ultimately, transformative.
The Price of Empire
The United States was an upside-down British Empire. It had an agrarian economy, few large investors, and no territorial holdings outside of North America. However, decades before the Spanish-American War, the United States quietly began to establish an empire across thousands of miles of Pacific Ocean. While conventional wisdom suggests that large interests - the military and major business interests - drove American imperialism, The Price of Empire argues that early American imperialism was driven by small entrepreneurs. When commodity prices boomed, these small entrepreneurs took risks, racing ahead of the American state. Yet when profits were threatened, they clamoured for the US government to follow them into the Pacific. Through novel, intriguing stories of American small businessmen, this book shows how American entrepreneurs manipulated the United States into pursuing imperial projects in the Pacific. It explores their travels abroad and highlights the consequences of contemporary struggles for justice in the Pacific.
Lockean Liberalism in International Relations
This Element applies a new version of liberalism to international relations (IR), one that derives from the political theory of John Locke. It begins with a survey of liberal IR theories, showing that the main variants of this approach have all glossed over classical liberalism's core concern: fear of the state's concentrated power and the imperative of establishing institutions to restrain its inevitable abuse. The authors tease out from Locke's work its 'realist' elements: his emphasis on politics, power, and restraints on power (the 'Lockean tripod'). They then show how this Lockean approach (1) complements existing liberal approaches and answers some of the existing critiques directed toward them, (2) offers a broader analytical framework for several very different strands of IR literature, and (3) has broad theoretical and practical implications for international relations.
The Price of Empire
The United States was an upside-down British Empire. It had an agrarian economy, few large investors, and no territorial holdings outside of North America. However, decades before the Spanish-American War, the United States quietly began to establish an empire across thousands of miles of Pacific Ocean. While conventional wisdom suggests that large interests - the military and major business interests - drove American imperialism, The Price of Empire argues that early American imperialism was driven by small entrepreneurs. When commodity prices boomed, these small entrepreneurs took risks, racing ahead of the American state. Yet when profits were threatened, they clamoured for the US government to follow them into the Pacific. Through novel, intriguing stories of American small businessmen, this book shows how American entrepreneurs manipulated the United States into pursuing imperial projects in the Pacific. It explores their travels abroad and highlights the consequences of contemporary struggles for justice in the Pacific.
Lockean Liberalism in International Relations
This Element applies a new version of liberalism to international relations (IR), one that derives from the political theory of John Locke. It begins with a survey of liberal IR theories, showing that the main variants of this approach have all glossed over classical liberalism's core concern: fear of the state's concentrated power and the imperative of establishing institutions to restrain its inevitable abuse. The authors tease out from Locke's work its 'realist' elements: his emphasis on politics, power, and restraints on power (the 'Lockean tripod'). They then show how this Lockean approach (1) complements existing liberal approaches and answers some of the existing critiques directed toward them, (2) offers a broader analytical framework for several very different strands of IR literature, and (3) has broad theoretical and practical implications for international relations.
Indigenous Knowledge
In Indigenous Knowledge: An Alternative for Food Security and Wellness in Africa, Emmanuel O. Oritsejafor argues that Indigenous Knowledge (IK) needs to play a central role in addressing food insecurity because IK methods result in sustainable agricultural practices which improve wellness. The application of IK in global communities demonstrates why it is an invaluable development alternative. For instance, Native Indians in the America's have survived over several generations using IK for agriculture and wellness purposes. Oristejafor establishes the severity and breadth of food insecurity on the continent of Africa and critiques the western-led development model which has proven to be inadequate in solving Africa's food security needs. In this regard, Oritsejafor suggests that indigenous knowledge(IK) should serve as one of the central models for addressing food security because it takes into account consideration for the specificities of local conditions and relies on the knowledge and the environment of African communities. Contrarily, he posits that the reliance on modern technologies have not been able to halve hunger and poverty in Africa.
The Political Brain
We have politics on our mind--or, rather, we have politics in different parts of our brains. In this path-breaking study, Matt Qvortrup takes the reader on a whistle stop tour through the fascinating, and sometimes frightening, world of neuropolitics; the discipline that combines neuroscience and politics, and is even being used to win elections.Putting the 'science' back into political science, The Political Brain shows how fMRI-scans can identify differences between Liberals and Conservatives, can predict our behaviour with sometimes greater accuracy than surveys, and can explain the biology of uprisings, revolutions, and wars.Not merely a study of empirical evidence, the book shows how the philosophical theories of, among others, Plato, Aristotle, and Spinoza can be supported by brain scans. Along the way, it also provides an overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge of the organ that shapes our politics. The book shows that if we rely on evolutionary primitive parts of the midbrain--those engaged when we succumb to polarised politics--we stand in danger of squandering the gains we made through the last eight million years.
Don't Look Left
A harrowing and indispensable first-hand account of the experience of the first 85 days of the Israeli invasion of Gaza, from a prominent Palestinian writer In the morning I read the news. The news is about us. But it's designed for people reading it far, far away, who couldn't possibly imagine they could ever know anyone involved. It's for people who read the news to comfort themselves, to tell themselves: it's still far, far away. I read the news for different reasons: I read it to know I"m not dead. Early in the morning of Oct 7, 2023, Atef Abu Saif went swimming. It was a beautiful morning: sunny with a cool breeze. The Palestinian Authority's Minister for Culture, he was on a combined work and pleasure trip to Gaza, visiting his extended family with his 15 year old son, Yasser, and participating in National Heritage Day. Then the bombing started. Don't Look Left takes us into the day to day experiences of Gazan civilians trying to survive Israel's war against Hamas, its detail and extended narrative showing us what brief reports and video clips cannot. In a war that has taken an extraordinarily high toll on civilians, it is a crucial document--a day-to-day testimony and a deeply moving depiction of a people's fight to survive and maintain their humanity amid the chaos and trauma of mass destruction. It is also, remarkably, a powerful literary experience. Atef Abu Saif was born in Jabalia refugee camp in Gaza in 1973, and, as he writes, his first war broke out when he was two months old. He writes as only someone who knows Gaza deeply can, and only as someone who knows war can, picking out the details of ordinary life and survival amidst the possibility of death coming at any moment: washing the only shirt he has and waiting naked for three hours for it dry; noticing a cat, as terrified as the people on the street around it, hiding under a bistro table; visiting his sister-in-law's daughter in the hospital, who tells him in her dream she has no legs, and asks him if it is true. It is: she has lost her legs and a hand when her home was hit by a bomb. Trying to figure out the best place to sleep each night, and when and where to flee as the destruction intensifies. This is not like past wars with Israel, Abu Saif soon realizes--thinking of the Nakba, and of images of bombed cities from World War II. Profits from the sale of this book will go to two Palestinian charities: Medical Aid for Palestinians and the Middle East Children's Alliance.
Asian Security in the Age of Globalization
This book examines the security challenges and opportunities that the nation-states of Asia confront in an era of globalization.
The Substance
When in the history of the Earth has the unrighteous ever persistently won?
Hawks and Doves
On the brink of war, what influences decision makers to attack another country?Using innovative theoretical angles, Femke E. Bakker explores whether the basic assumptions of democratic peace theory are indeed correct. She stresses the microfoundations of conflict, questioning the assumptions on which democratic peace theory relies. To find out whether decision makers from liberal democracies really are influenced by their state's democratic institutions and liberal norms, Bakker argues, we should compare them with decision makers in other regime types. Her ambitious mixed-methods design involves experiments with around 750 students in China, Russia, and the US; an analysis of data on liberal norms from the World Values Survey; and a case study on the Falklands conflict. Taking a micro-level, actor-based approach to empirically investigate the theoretical foundations of democratic peace, Bakker delivers a fascinating analysis that is likely to prove hugely influential in the field.
Building China Into a Cyber Superpower
This book provides a comprehensive look into China's emerging cyberspace strategy.
Africa-China-Taiwan Relations, 1949-2020
The ongoing tension and hostility between China and Taiwan in Africa are a continuation of the Chinese Civil War (1927-1949) between the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) which remained in mainland China, and the Kuomintang (KMT) of the Republic of China (ROC) which fled to the island of Taiwan. In the intervening years, China has claimed Taiwan as part of its territory and through persistent and aggressive political and economic efforts convinced much of the world to accept her as the sole and legitimate seat of the Chinese people and government. Africa-China-Taiwan Relations, 1949-2020provides a coherent account of why and how China was able to convince African governments to acquiesce to her claims which have resulted in the expulsion of and the diplomatic isolation of Taiwan on the African continent. This volume, edited by Sabella Ogbobode Abidde, also explains Taiwan's unsuccessful efforts at blunting China's maneuvers. It further discusses the endogenous and exogenous factors that swayed African governments to switch their diplomatic allegiance away from Taiwan--a country that was for many years an ally and dependable partner in their quest for growth and development. Finally, the book contains critical assessments of the role and place of China and Taiwan and their current relationship with states and societies on the African continent.
World War 3
From the Introduction, "We are living during perilous times, perhaps dancing precariously on the edge of an abyss that leads to nuclear exchange between America, China, and Russia. If there is nuclear war, there will be the complete destruction of the human race as we know it. It is not fiction, or science fiction, but reality, and it is time to choose, whether we stand for war or we stand for peace, whether we reject the madness and insanity, or embrace it, whether we let nationalism consume us, or seek a more inclusive future for all those made in the image of God." This book is the first in a series of short books which challenge the prevailing narrative of important political, social, and economic issues, from a Christian perspective. Should Christians oppose war? These days, many people are pretending that all is fine, and that life can go on as normal. Life is far from normal. War is upon us. What will you do? In World War 3, will you stand for war or for peace?
Politics Go to the Movies
Movies and television series are excellent tools for teaching political science and international relations. Understanding how stories in various film and television genres illustrate political ideas can better assist students and fans understand and appreciate the political subtext of these media products. This book examines politics through five film genres and their variants. Gangster movies focus on American and other organized crime. They reached their zenith in the films of Francis Ford Coppola and Martin Scorsese. Political thrillers express paranoia about secrecy and political conspiracies, while action movies channel anger at foreign and domestic threats to order. Superhero films and TV present modern characters who seek to serve society as they face personal struggles about their individual identities. War movies promote positive images of wars when conflicts are perceived as successful, but often include antiwar messages when wars turn out badly. Western movies fell out of favor in the 1970s and 1980s but have undergone a renaissance since the 1990s. Westerns can be taken as either political parables, or as meditations on policing, anarchy, community organization. The author argues that while these genres all offer escape, they also offer important political lessons.
Conflict Areas in the Caucasus and Central Asia
The aim of the study is to make sense of the political problems experienced in two regions that are economically, socially and politically similar, such as the Caucasus and Central Asia. For this purpose, frozen conflict zones produced by ethnic / religious conflicts faced by the countries of the region will be examined.
The Very Long Game
This open access book is the outcome of a unique multinational effort organized by the Hamburg-based Defense AI Observatory (DAIO) to portray the current state of affairs regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) by armed forces around the world. The contributions span a diverse range of geostrategic contexts by providing in-depth case studies on Australia, Canada, China, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, Ukraine, the UK, and the United States. The book does not speculate about the future implications of AI on armed forces, but rather discusses how armed forces are currently exploring the potential of this emerging technology. By adopting a uniform analytical framework, each case study discusses how armed forces view defense AI; how they are developing AI-enhanced solutions, adapting existing structures and processes, and funding their defense AI endeavors; to what extent defense AI is already fielded and operated; and how soldiers and officers are being trained to work with AI.
An Unwritten Future
An argument for the classical realist approach to world politics An Unwritten Future offers a fresh reassessment of classical realism, an enduring approach to understanding crucial events in the international political arena. Jonathan Kirshner identifies the fundamental flaws of classical realism's would-be successors and shows how this older, more nuanced and sophisticated method for studying world politics better explains the formative events of the past. Kirshner also reveals how this approach is ideally equipped to comprehend the vital questions of the present--such as the implications of China's rise, the ways that social and economic change alter the balance of power and the nature of international conflict, and the consequences of the end of the US-led postwar order for the future of world politics. Laying out realism's core principles, Kirshner discusses the contributions of the perspective's key thinkers, including Thucydides, Hans Morgenthau, and Raymond Aron, among others. He illustrates how a classical realist approach gives new insights into major upheavals of the twentieth century, such as Britain's appeasement of Nazi Germany and America's ruinous involvement in Vietnam. Kirshner also addresses realism's limits and explores contemporary issues, including the ascent of great power challengers, the political implications of globalization, and the diffusion of power in modern world politics. A reexamination of the realist tradition, with a renewed emphasis on the crucial roles played by uncertainty, contingency, and contestation, An Unwritten Future demonstrates how a once-popular school of thought provides invaluable insights into pressing real-world problems.
Democratic Backsliding and Public Administration
Liberal democracy is at risk. Its hallmark institutions - political pluralism, separation of powers, and rule of law--are coming under pressure, as authoritarian sentiment is growing around the globe. While liberal-democratic backsliding features prominently in social science scholarship, especially the branches concerned with political parties and political behavior, public administration research lags behind. However, without considering illiberal approaches towards the executive, efforts of actual and aspiring authoritarians remain only partly understood. State bureaucracies are, after all, important instruments of power. This timely and important volume addresses the administrative implications of liberal-democratic backsliding. It studies public administrations as objects and subjects in the context of illiberal dynamics. For this purpose, the volume brings together an international group of scholars to analyze authoritarian tendencies in several countries. The contributions combine theoretical with empirical work, providing the first comparative perspective on an overlooked aspect of one of the most important contemporary political trends.
Girt by Sea
A clear-eyed examination of how Australia should approach the complex security challenges at play in its maritime domainSecurity starts at home ...Australia has drawn closer to many of its Asia-Pacific neighbours in recent years, but 'when push comes to shove, it continues to look well beyond the oceans and regions that surround it to the distant horizons of Europe and North America for its ultimate security guarantee'.In Girt by Sea, international-relations experts Rebecca Strating and Joanne Wallis instead turn their gazes to Australia's near region, focusing on the six maritime domains central to its national interests: the north seas (the Timor, Arafura and Coral Seas and the Torres Strait), the Western Pacific, the South China Sea, the South Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean.In so doing, they reimagine how Australia should understand its strategic challenges and find lasting security.'A searching critique of Australia's statecraft'-Michael Wesley, author of There Goes the Neighbourhood
Operational Energy
Energy is an enabler of - and a constraint on - military power. Operational Energy provides military officers with knowledge and skills to plan effectively for the operational energy needs of their forces. Operational energy is the energy used to train, move, and sustain military forces and weapons platforms for military operations. Energy has always played a role in battlefield outcomes. Over the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries the importance of energy in warfighting has grown. Today, energy is a critical pillar of national defense and a major factor in military power. In modern warfare, attaining energy superiority over one's adversaries is a critical condition for success on the battlefield. Operational energy planning is an integral part of all combat and regular operations. Operational Energy is a valuable and extensive resource for students of US Department of Defense courses in military universities, colleges, and academic training programs; scholars of geopolitics, and researchers on US and global energy security. Operational Energy is to date the only textbook on defense energy planning, analysis, and strategy. It examines in detail fuel types, geopolitical issues, energy supply risks, market economic factors, and technology, presenting topics for future research. It also includes chapter summaries, main points for study, and case studies.
Popular Politics and Protest Event Analysis in Latin America
The arrival of democracy and globalization was a watershed moment for Latin America. It produced a changing political and economic environment, where democracy provided challengers with expanding political opportunities but globalization precipitated economic threats to livelihoods and human welfare. This changing environment removed the state from modes of political representation, such as urban labor movements and their affiliated mass-party organizations, while unleashing more pluralistic, heterogenous, and decentralized patterns of popular representation. Reducing its role in production, the state became mostly a regulator of economic activities.Arce and Wada's volume examines the consequences of democracy and globalization on popular protests in Latin America, theorizing a broad shift of popular politics involving reactive and proactive mobilizations. A collaboration of sixteen distinguished scholars with different specializations (economists, historians, sociologists, and political scientists) in both the Global North and South, the volume provides a unique collection of studies of protest events in ten Latin American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, and Venezuela.
Promoting Gender Equality in Political Participation
Provides an improved understanding into women's participation in Nigeria and lays bare the misconceptions.
Contesting Masculinities and Women’s Agency in Kashmir
What is the significance of gender and masculinities in understanding conflict?Through an ethnographic study conducted between 2013 and 2016, this book explores the politics of competing and sometimes overlapping masculinities represented by the state armed forces and the non-state actors in the Kashmir valley. In addition, the book broadens the understanding of women's agency through its engagement with the construction, performance, and interplay of masculinities in the conflict. Combining existing elements of both feminist research and critical scholarship on men and masculinities, the book highlights the significance of foregrounding the interplay of men's identities in conflicts to understand agency in a meaningful way. Through the focus on the simultaneous play of multiple masculinities, the book also questions the oversimplified and monolithic usage of masculinity being associated only with violence in conflicts. The empirical data in the book includes interviews and narratives of multiple stakeholders belonging to diverse vantage points in the Kashmir conflict. Some of these include activists, widows, wives of the disappeared, ex-militants, surrendered militants, participants of the stone-pelting movement, mothers of sons killed in the conflict, women representatives of the village Halqa Panchayats, and army personnel. The book also draws from alternative material in the form of graffiti, folk songs, poetry on graves, and slogans. Through anecdotal reminiscence, the author reflects on the challenges of field research in Kashmir that served as an opportunity for self-contemplation.
Spain and Its Achilles’ Heels
Why was Franco exhumed from the Valley of the Fallen in late 2019? How is it that he was there in the first place? Why did Catalonia erupt suddenly in October 2017? Why don't you hear so much about the Basque Country anymore? How did Podemos gather momentum so quickly in 2014-15, and why did half of that support vanish five years later? Isn't it counterintuitive that a Catholic-majority country also has the most LGBT-friendly society in the world?Understanding the most significant events in recent Spanish politics requires spelling out the unspoken but enduring foundations of the country's deepest fears and weaknesses, its Achilles' heels. In Greek mythology, an Achilles' heel is a vulnerability that can lead to downfall despite the apparent general strength of the full body. Casla uses this term to define the underlying factors that, while by no means unique, are characteristic of a particular society, delimit what is possible and shape the political debate. They are the primary political frailties without which a country's politics cannot be properly comprehended.
Forgotten Voices of the British Empire
This study investigates the contribution made by outsiders in accumulating knowledge from the days of the East India Company until the early twentieth century, when photography became an important tool for recording information.
Anthem of Misogyny
This book argues that misogyny is too complex to eradicate with superficial changes. Like a national anthem, misogyny in the MENA region has acquired a sacred status. Rather than exaggerate Western agency, this book makes Muslim agency visible. Stories of violence need to be told boldly because the non-West, too, is deserving of feminist critique.
Queering and Querying the Paradise of Paradox
This book provides readers with a study of the characteristics that make life unique for sexual minorities in Brazil while also viewing Brazil in relation to global LGBT sociopolitical movements. It critically assesses the complex relationship(s) between the visual arts and political activism, carefully analyzing artistic, cinematic, and photographic representations of LGBTQ identities. Brazil provides a useful case to example, with the cultivation of ambiguity in contemporary (re)constructions of queer life. In this book, the author conducts the first comprehensive discourse analysis of the dynamics and features of the largest LGBT Pride Parade in the world. This problematizes and analyzes the relationship between burgeoning critical socio-political movements and institutions and the language and new media discourses used to configure and conceptualize them. The aim of this project is to create a theoretical scholarly framework promoting linkages between political activism and academic scholarship and by using discourse analysis, the intricacies of terminology Brazilian sexual minorities adopt and adapt, illustrating the development of LGBTQ identities through performative language use.
African-On-African Colonization
African-on-African Colonization: The Ill-Fated Ambazonia-Cameroun Political Partnership is an extensive study of the phenomenon of African-on-African colonialism in postcolonial Africa; an egregious and vexed development that is causing instability and insecurity in many parts of the continent. Using Ambazonia as a case study, Carlson Anyangwe discusses two manifestations of colonialism that emerged from the ashes of white colonialism (neo-colonialism and African-on-African colonialism) and how Ambazonia has been impacted by both. Anyangwe also examines the Ambazonia-Cameroun political association--that was later turned into Ambazonia (formerly British Southern Cameroons)--to explore Cameroun's colonial occupation of Ambazonia and Ambazonia's long struggle to be free and accede to sovereign statehood. Interweaving several complex issues garnered from historical sources, political developments, and eye-witness accounts, this book provides a deeper understanding of the complexity of motives and concatenation of forces in Ambazonia, expressing the critical need to decolonize Ambazonia in an era of freedoms and democratization. This book is a compulsory reading for Ambazonians and scholars of the distorted history of Ambazonia and Cameroun.
Displacement and Refugee Issues in South Asia
The number of forcibly displaced people globally has been on the rise in recent years. The refugee crises in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and South and East Asia are the most notable. Due to such crises, the refugee population has been a key challenge for humanity. It has also put a strain on many refugee-hosting countries as most of the displaced populations are hosted in low and middle income countries rather than wealthier countries. Force displacement creates challenges for the refugees and the host societies. Displacement and Refugee Issues in South Asia: Uncovering the Contested Realities brings out the cases of forcibly displacement from five South Asian countries: Rohingya in Bangladesh, India and Nepal, Tamils in Sri Lanka, and the Afghan refugees in Afghanistan and Europe. Bulbul Siddiqi and contributors reveal that the refugee population in various South Asian countries have been living with vulnerabilities and uncertainty due to ineffective repatriation and the lack of dignified living conditions in host countries. It requires urgent support and initiatives from global and regional powers and international humanitarian organizations to ensure that the dignified lives of these vulnerable populations in different countries.
