Refugees’ Europe
Refugees' Europe: Towards an Inclusive Democracy addresses, through the normative, practical and political views of well-known international experts, the challenges that the so-called refugee crisis has generated for democracy in Europe.The management of the refugees' crisis reflects the crisis of democracy in Europe. The refugees' phenomenon has had a huge impact on European integration, from the local to the supranational scale, making it a pressing matter for the future of democracy in Europe. This book provides a myriad of critical evidence-based expertise combining philosophical, legal, economic and political reflections on how to better understand and deal with the refugees' case.
Within, Against, and Beyond Liberalism
This book provides a generous immanent description of liberalism, but also works against and looks beyond it.
Breaking Intersubjectivity
Rejecting the concept of PTSD, Matthies-Boon develops an alternate theory of trauma using the Egyptian revolution as a case. The testimonies of Cairene activists explain how multileveled traumatic status subordination inflicted on them destroyed the potentiality of revolutionary collective becoming, resulting in demoralized, depoliticized silence.
Republic of Dreams
A harrowing political history of Kurdish Iraq told through the extraordinary rags-to-riches story of a childhood refugee In the Iran-Iraq war of the 1980s, Iraqi president Saddam Hussein used chemical weapons against his own people, the Iraqi Kurds. Five thousand people died in what became known as the Halabja Massacre, which has been deemed the worst chemical attack in history. Nicole F. Watts, a former journalist and now professor of political science, has spent over a decade researching the struggles of the Kurdish people in Iraq, and in vivid, lyrical prose, she tells their story through the eyes of Peshawa, a young Muslim Kurd whose family barely survived the bombing and then fled for their lives. Republic of Dreams is a harrowing portrait of Iraqi Kurdistan and its history, as it weathers Hussein's genocidal campaign against the Kurds, a civil war, the US invasion of Iraq, the Arab Spring, and the sustained neglect of the city of Halabja. Throughout the book, the thread of Peshawa's story immerses readers in the everyday and extraordinary world of Iraqi Kurds between the late 1980s and 2022, exploring the meaning of home and dislocation in the wake of war and genocide. Based on over a hundred in-depth interviews with Iraqi Kurdish activists, journalists, elected officials, and community organizers, and hundreds of hours of conversations with Peshawa and his family, Republic of Dreams brings to vivid life the story of modern Kurdistan, and the Kurdish national dream to have their own homeland.
Civic Activism in South Korea
In recent decades, neoliberalism has transformed South Korean society, going far beyond simply restructuring the economy. In response, a number of civic organizations that emerged from the democratization movement with a conscious emphasis on social change have sought to address socioeconomic and political problems caused or aggravated by the neoliberal transformation. Examining how "citizens' organizations" in South Korea negotiate with the market and neoliberal governance, Seungsook Moon offers new ways to understand the intricate relationship between democracy and neoliberalism as modes of ruling. She provides in-depth qualitative studies of three different types of organizations: a large national advocacy organization run by professional staff activists, two medium-size local branches of a national feminist organization run by mostly volunteer activists, and a small local organization run by volunteer activists with a focus on foreign migrants. Bringing together these rich empirical cases with deft theoretical analysis, Moon argues that neoliberalism and democracy are entwined in complex ways. Although neoliberalism undermines democratic practices of social equality by shrinking or destroying public resources, institutions, and space, it also can facilitate participatory practices that arise to fill needs left by privatization and deregulation as long as those practices do not seriously challenge the workings of capitalism. Showing how neoliberalism simultaneously enables and constrains civic activism, this book illuminates the contradictions of social engagement today, with global implications.
Strained Peace: Northern Ireland from Good Friday to Brexit
Winner of the 2025 British Association for Irish Studies Book PrizeAs the United Kingdom continues to grapple with the aftermath of Brexit, one corner of the Union has remained caught in the crosshairs. Northern Ireland has been the subject of renewed scrutiny since 2016, as efforts to leave the European Union come up against the terms of the Good Friday Agreement and threaten the region's hard-won peace. The reasons for these challenges can be traced back to the Agreement itself, as the negotiated settlement and its immediate aftermath set in place a strained peace. This book examines the function - and dysfunction - of peace after 1998 to explain why its endurance cannot be taken for granted.Strained peace stands apart from the traditional peace/violence binary. Structures of conflict and patterns of division are reiterated in the structures of peace. Tensions might relax just as they might be inflamed by new challenges, but the threat of a return to violence is never fully gone. This book explores how such a condition developed between Good Friday and Brexit, addressing variations in the quality of peace in the insecurity of official structures at Stormont, the shifting role of community groups and the third sector, and the adaptation of culture as a "culture war" replaced physical violence on the streets.
Civic Activism in South Korea
In recent decades, neoliberalism has transformed South Korean society, going far beyond simply restructuring the economy. In response, a number of civic organizations that emerged from the democratization movement with a conscious emphasis on social change have sought to address socioeconomic and political problems caused or aggravated by the neoliberal transformation. Examining how "citizens' organizations" in South Korea negotiate with the market and neoliberal governance, Seungsook Moon offers new ways to understand the intricate relationship between democracy and neoliberalism as modes of ruling. She provides in-depth qualitative studies of three different types of organizations: a large national advocacy organization run by professional staff activists, two medium-size local branches of a national feminist organization run by mostly volunteer activists, and a small local organization run by volunteer activists with a focus on foreign migrants. Bringing together these rich empirical cases with deft theoretical analysis, Moon argues that neoliberalism and democracy are entwined in complex ways. Although neoliberalism undermines democratic practices of social equality by shrinking or destroying public resources, institutions, and space, it also can facilitate participatory practices that arise to fill needs left by privatization and deregulation as long as those practices do not seriously challenge the workings of capitalism. Showing how neoliberalism simultaneously enables and constrains civic activism, this book illuminates the contradictions of social engagement today, with global implications.
Micha禱l Ferrier, Transnational Novelist: French Without Borders
Micha禱l Ferrier is a prize-winning novelist, essayist and academic whose cosmopolitan life - he grew up in Chad and France, has Mauritian roots and lives in Japan - has inspired him to write some fascinating novels that cross generic and geographical boundaries. This book is the first ever monograph dedicated to his works, which explore themes as various as an African childhood, notions of Frenchness, inter-identities, and post-Fukushima life in Japan. Hybridity is key to his themes, forms and genres, which include - as befits a twenty-first century author - a website, called 'Tokyo-Time-Table' and discussed in this study. Kawakami uses an eclectic range of frameworks to analyse Ferrier's output, ranging from translingualism to Environmental Humanities and Ferrier's own vision of his oeuvre, which he discloses for the first time in this book in the interview that he grants Kawakami. This interview, first published in this volume, is rich in insights into Ferrier's views on dreams, Japan, the internet, and collaborating with other artists. This book is an indispensable guide to an author who is one of the rising stars of contemporary French and Francophone literature, and a unique voice that crosses all kinds of borders across the globe.
Fueling Sovereignty
European colonialism was often driven by the pursuit of natural resources, and the resulting colonization and decolonization processes have had a profound impact on the formation of the majority of sovereign states that exist today. But how exactly have natural resources influenced the creation of formerly colonized states? And would the world map of sovereign states look significantly different if not for these resources? These questions are at the heart of Fueling Sovereignty, which focuses primarily on oil as the most significant natural resource of the modern era. Naosuke Mukoyama provides a compelling analysis of how colonial oil politics contributed to the creation of some of the world's most "unlikely" states. Drawing on extensive archival sources on Brunei, Qatar and Bahrain, he sheds light on how some small colonial entities achieved independence despite their inclusion in a merger project promoted by the metropole and regional powers.
Pakistan and American Diplomacy
Pakistan and American Diplomacy offers an insightful, fast-moving tour through Pakistan-U.S. relations, from 9/11 to the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan, as told from the perspective of a former U.S. diplomat who served twice in Pakistan. Ted Craig frames his narrative around the 2019 Cricket World Cup, a contest that saw Pakistan square off against key neighbors and cricketing powers Afghanistan, India, and Bangladesh, and its former colonial ruler, Britain. Craig provides perceptive analysis of Pakistan's diplomacy since its independence in 1947, shedding light on the country's contemporary relations with the United States, China, India, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan. With insights from the field and from Washington, Craig reflects on the chain of policy decisions that led to the fall of the Kabul government in 2021 and offers a sober and balanced view of the consequences of that policy failure. Drawing on his post-Cold War diplomatic career, Craig presents U.S.-Pakistan policy in the context of an American experiment in promoting democracy while combating terrorism.
Pacifism Today
"How can you be a pacifist in times like these?" the Sceptic asks, the Russian invasion of Ukraine fresh in mind. Majken Jul S繪rensen's first response is to counter with the opposite question: "how can you not be a pacifist in times like these? With all that we know about the consequences of modern warfare, why are all the alternatives to war not on the table?" In "Pacifism Today", Majken illustrates with numerous examples her understanding of pacifism and her commitment to nonviolent action and unarmed resistance to war. In this personal reflection on why she became a pacifist, she explains how her dedication to pacifism has grown deeper with increasing knowledge about people's ability to engage in conflict by nonviolent means. Challenged by the Sceptic, Majken outlines how people can refuse all social and economic cooperation with an occupying force, for instance by boycotting schools and rigged elections. In her responses to the Sceptic' doubt, Majken uncovers the unique dynamic of nonviolent struggle. She points out how militarism in the long run is doing more harm than good, and explores under what circumstances the Russian people might be able to bring down Putin from power.
Lessons from Regional Responses to Security, Health and Environmental Challenges in Latin America
What is the role of regional organizations in maintaining security across different parts of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)? How did COVID-19 impact states in the region and what types of collective action have helped respond to public health emergencies? In what way is LAC environmental policy formulated and what broader lessons can be drawn for the Global South? This edited volume addresses these questions, revealing the reasons behind the successes and failures of LAC regional responses to collective challenges as well as their limitations and potential for future improvement. It contains 11 chapters, authored by 16 authoritative academics who employ methodologically-diverse perspectives. Each chapter provides insights that would be of interest to scholars, students and policy-makers working on the regional governance of LAC and the Global South. The contributions are thematically organised in three parts and produced with pragmatic considerations in mind, discussing existing and potential real solutions to pressing issues.
Conflict at the Edge of the African State
Conflict at the Edge of the African State: The ADF Rebel Group in the Congo-Uganda Borderland studies one of the oldest and most secretive rebel groups in the eastern Congo warscape: the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF). Operating in the Rwenzori borderland of western Uganda and eastern Congo for nearly three decades now, they have proven to be an extremely resilient rebel force, surviving longer than nearly any other violent actor in the area. The ADF have come under increased scrutiny from regional governments and global conflict management actors recently, due to their Islamic character and alleged connections to the Islamic State and other international terrorist actors. Yet, there is a lack of informed discussion on the rebellion and very little understanding of the structures and constitution of the group. In Conflict at the Edge of the African State, Lindsay Scorgie offers a nuanced and ultimately corrective framework for understanding the ADF. Conflict at the Edge of the African State moves away from traditional state-centric concepts of cross-border conflict and instead situates the rebels within a borderland context, examining how their deeply embedded position in local cross-border histories has fueled their resiliency.
Kurds and Their Struggle for Autonomy
Kurds and their Struggle for Autonomy: Enduring Identity and Clientelism is a comprehensive study of the roots of Kurdish identity, the processes of identity formation among the Kurds, and the Kurds' seemingly never-ending struggle for self-determination. By relying on a hybrid theoretical model of identity politics, this book offers a thorough treatment of the origins, characteristics, and evolution of Kurdish culture in general, and political culture in particular. It also examines the historical explanations and nuances of Kurdish struggles for some form of autonomy, assesses economic imperatives that shape the potentials and challenges of Kurdish social and political life, and offers a critical review of the contemporary Kurdish institutional and policy dynamics in Iraq and Syria.
The Influence of Foreign Wars on U.S. Domestic Military Policy
How do military organizations learn? This book covers an important instance of military learning in which the United States military systematically examined the lessons of Israel's decisive victory in the 1973 Yom Kippur War and applied those lessons towards major doctrinal and equipment changes. The book relies heavily on Paul Senge's model of learning organizations outlined in his seminal work, The Fifth Dimension. Using Senge's model, the book examines the Departments of the Army, Air Force, and Navy's reactions to the Yom Kippur War and how they organizationally incorporated--or ignored--the lessons of the conflict within their force. Using source documents, including personal memoirs, doctrinal publications, and individual reflections, the book offers a vital examination of how militaries can use foreign conflicts to make substantive and necessary organizational changes. The Yom Kippur War, particularly the Israeli experience in that conflict, provided the American military a battle laboratory in which to develop new warfighting concepts and assess new weapons acquisitions. In its conclusion, the book offers a cautionary tale that suggests learning and change do not come automatically to military organizations. If they are to be successful in the future, military organizations must embrace learning structures.
International Relations
International Relations: Theories, Concepts, and Organizations analyzes the changing dynamics of world politics on a rational scale. It presents the conceptual and theoretical codes of International Relations (IR) to academics, journalists, politicians, and thinkers. In addition to concepts and theories, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that have an important place in IR are examined. Under the influence of the globalization process, radical changes are taking place in world politics. Increasingly complex, world politics is transforming into a multi-layered structure. This book has been prepared to make IR understandable and accessible clearly.
Signing Away the Bomb
For more than fifty years, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the wider nuclear nonproliferation regime have worked to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. Analysts and pundits have often viewed the regime with skepticism, repeatedly warning that it is on the brink of collapse, and the NPT lacks many of the characteristics usually seen in effective international institutions. Nevertheless, the treaty continues to enjoy near-universal membership and high levels of compliance. This is the first book to explain why the nonproliferation regime has been so successful, bringing to bear declassified documents, new data on regime membership and weapons pursuit, and a variety of analytic approaches. It offers important new insights for scholars of nuclear proliferation and international security institutions, and for policymakers seeking to strengthen the nonproliferation regime and tighten international constraints on the spread of nuclear weapons.
Constructing Worlds Otherwise
A new collection from one of Latin America's most dynamic radical thinkers--in the tradition of Frantz Fanon and Eduardo Galeano.Constructing Worlds Otherwise sets itself against the recolonization of Latin America by one-dimensional, ethnocentric perspectives that permeate the North American left and block fundamental social change in the Global South. In a provocative mix of polemic and on-the-ground analysis, Ra繳l Zibechi argues that it is time for radicals in the Global North to learn from the people their governments have colonized and oppressed for centuries. Through a survey of the most marginalized voices across Latin America--feminists, the Indigenous, people of African descent, and inhabitants of urban favelas and shantytowns--he introduces the Anglo world to a range of critical perspectives and new forms of struggle. For Zibechi, real change comes from "societies in movement," the people already fighting for their survival using egalitarian and traditional models of world-building, without the state, without official representatives, and without vanguards of political experts. His book contributes to global geographies of autonomous and anti-state thinking, with Zibechi placing his work in conversation with the ideological theorist of Kurdish resistance, Abdullah ?calan, for a rich and dynamic survey of global movements of decolonization. Now more urgent than ever, this translation by George Ygarza Quispe comes at a time when the global left--struggling to expand its vision in a time of climate chaos and rising authoritarianism--finds itself at an impasse, desperate to animate and renew its critical imaginary.
The Peacekeeping Failure in South Sudan
In 2011, South Sudan was welcomed into the United Nations as the world's newest nation. Celebrations on the ground reflected palpable relief after more than 20 years of violent struggle. With unprecedented goodwill and optimism, the UN deployed 7,000 soldiers and another 2,000 police and civilian peacekeepers to the country to support its transition to independence. However, the mission failed and within less than three years South Sudan was plunged into a catastrophic civil war. Using firsthand accounts from senior UN officials and referencing hitherto unseen UN documents, this book explores the role of the peacekeeping mission in that failure. It challenges the resignation with which many in academia and the media greeted the underperformance of the peacekeepers. It suggests that, even while under-resourced, they could have done much more to prevent bloodshed in the new country and protected civilians from the chaos of the first years of the conflict. The UN has thus far avoided a thorough and public examination of its actions in South Sudan. It has avoided accountability and instead rewarded failed decision-makers. This book is an attempt to re-assess the legacy of that mission and to detail how its many mistakes can and should be avoided in the future.
Iranian-Saudi Rivalry Since 1979
The fraught relationship between Saudi Arabia and Iran is usually attributed to sectarian differences, even by the states' own elites. However, this book shows that in their official speeches, newspaper editorials and Friday sermons, these elites use sectarian and nationalist references and tropes to denigrate each other and promote themselves in the eyes of their respective constituencies in the region. Talal Mohammad, who is fluent in both Arabic and Persian, examines Saudi-Iranian rivalry using discourse analysis of these religious, political and journalistic sources. Tracing what has been produced since 1979 in parallel, he argues for a consistent pattern of mutual misrepresentation, whereby each frames its counterpart as the 'Other' to which a specific political agenda can be justified and advanced. The book covers key events including the Iranian Revolution, the invasion of Kuwait in 1990, the Taliban war, the fall of Saddam, the Arab Spring, the rise of Mohammed bin Salman, and the war on ISIS. While until now Saudi-Iranian rivalry has been understood in primarily sectarian or geopolitical terms, the author argues here that the discursive othering serves as a propagandist function that supports more fundamental political and geopolitical considerations.
Hybrid Sovereignty in World Politics
The idea of 'hybrid sovereignty' describes overlapping relations between public and private actors in important areas of global power, such as contractors fighting international wars, corporations regulating global markets, or governments collaborating with nongovernmental entities to influence foreign elections. This innovative study shows that these connections - sometimes hidden and often poorly understood - underpin the global order, in which power flows without regard to public and private boundaries. Drawing on extensive original archival research, Swati Srivastava reveals the little-known stories of how this hybrid power operated at some of the most important turning points in world history: spreading the British empire, founding the United States, establishing free trade, realizing transnational human rights, and conducting twenty-first century wars. In order to sustain meaningful dialogues about the future of global power and political authority, it is crucial that we begin to understand how hybrid sovereignty emerged and continues to shape international relations.
Phoenicians - Masters of the Sea
"Phoenicians - Masters of the Sea: Shipping and Trading Lessons from History" explores the remarkable maritime and trading prowess of the Phoenician civilization. This book delves into their innovative shipbuilding techniques, navigational skills, and extensive trade networks. It highlights the Phoenicians' impact on global commerce and their enduring legacy as masters of the sea. Avaluable source of inspiration for modern-day entrepreneurs and business leaders
Claiming and Contesting Representation in Mexico
Mexico is a country whose global political and economic significance are rapidly increasing. This book offers the first in-depth English-language analysis of the politics of representation in Mexico. Through innovative conceptual work and original case studies, the book explores important trends in Mexican politics and governance through the lens of representation, including who speaks and stands for whom, on what grounds and in what domains and the challenges they face. Revealing a significant portrait of major tensions in and challenges to democracy across Mexico emerges, this book will be of interest to those researching current trends in the theory and practice of political representation, and readers looking for new perspectives on Mexican politics and governance.
Capitalism, Jacobinism and International Relations
This book offers a radical reinterpretation of the development of the modern world through the concept of Jacobinism. It argues that the French Revolution was not just another step in the construction of capitalist modernity, but produced an alternative (geo)political economy - that is, 'Jacobinism.' Furthermore, Jacobinism provided a blueprint for other modernization projects, thereby profoundly impacting the content and tempo of global modernity in and beyond Europe. The book traces the journey of Jacobinism in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey. It contends that until the 1950s, the Ottoman/Turkish experiment with modernity was not marked by capitalism, but by a historically specific Jacobinism. Asserting this Jacobin legacy then leads to a novel interpretation of the subsequent transition to and authoritarian consolidation of capitalism in contemporary Turkey. As such, by tracing the world historical trajectory of Jacobinism, the book establishes a new way of understanding the origins and development of global modernity.
Fueling Sovereignty
European colonialism was often driven by the pursuit of natural resources, and the resulting colonization and decolonization processes have had a profound impact on the formation of the majority of sovereign states that exist today. But how exactly have natural resources influenced the creation of formerly colonized states? And would the world map of sovereign states look significantly different if not for these resources? These questions are at the heart of Fueling Sovereignty, which focuses primarily on oil as the most significant natural resource of the modern era. Naosuke Mukoyama provides a compelling analysis of how colonial oil politics contributed to the creation of some of the world's most "unlikely" states. Drawing on extensive archival sources on Brunei, Qatar and Bahrain, he sheds light on how some small colonial entities achieved independence despite their inclusion in a merger project promoted by the metropole and regional powers.
Rule-Making Rules
Stefano Bartolini argues that, despite the growth of a large theoretical literature about institutions and institutionalism over the last thirty years, the specific nature of political institutions has been relatively neglected. Political institutions have been subsumed into the broader problems of the emergence, persistence, change and functions of all types of institutions. The author defines political institutions strictly as norms and rules of 'conferral', to be distinguished from norms/rules of 'conduct' and of 'recognition'. They are those norms and rules that empower rulers, set limits to the capacity to ensure behavioural compliance, and define the proper means for achieving such compliance. This book draws logical and empirical consequences from this understanding, to distinguish different types of norms/rules, and to specify the peculiarities of those norms/rules that are 'political'. The book will appeal to researchers of political institutions in comparative politics, and in political science and political sociology more broadly.
War, States, and International Order
Who has the right to wage war? The answer to this question constitutes one of the most fundamental organizing principles of any international order. Under contemporary international humanitarian law, this right is essentially restricted to sovereign states. It has been conventionally assumed that this arrangement derives from the ideas of the late-sixteenth century jurist Alberico Gentili. Claire Vergerio argues that this story is a myth, invented in the late 1800s by a group of prominent international lawyers who crafted what would become the contemporary laws of war. These lawyers reinterpreted Gentili's writings on war after centuries of marginal interest, and this revival was deeply intertwined with a project of making the modern sovereign state the sole subject of international law. By uncovering the genesis and diffusion of this narrative, Vergerio calls for a profound reassessment of when and with what consequences war became the exclusive prerogative of sovereign states.
Undermining American Hegemony
Advancing a new approach to the study of international order, this book highlights the stakes disguised by traditional theoretical languages of power transitions and hegemonic wars. Rather than direct challenges to US military power, the most consequential undermining of hegemony is routine, bottom-up processes of international goods substitution: a slow hollowing out of the existing order through competition to seek or offer alternative sources for economic, military, or social goods. Studying how actors gain access to alternative suppliers of these public goods, this volume shows how states consequently move away from the liberal international order. Examining unfamiliar - but crucial - cases, it takes the reader on a journey from local Faroese politics, to Russian election observers in Central Asia, to South American drug lords. Broadening the debate about the role of public goods in international politics, this book offers a new perspective of one of the key issues of our time.
The Unintended Consequences of Peace
Scholars of international relations generally consider that under conditions of violent conflict and war, smuggling and trans-border crime are likely to thrive. In contrast, this book argues that in fact it is globalisation and peaceful borders that have enabled transnational illicit flows conducted by violent non-state actors, including transnational criminal organizations, drug trafficking organizations, and terrorist cells, who exploit the looseness and demilitarization of borderlands. Empirically, the book draws on case studies from the Americas, compared with other regions of the world experiencing similar phenomena, including the European Union and Southeast Europe (the Western Balkans), Southern Africa, and Southeast Asia. To explain the phenomenon in itself, the authors examine the type of peaceful borders and regimes involved in each case; how strong each country is in the governance of their borderlands; their political willingness to control their peaceful borders; and the prevailing socio-economic conditions across the borderlands.
Human Rights PRAXIS and the Struggle for Survival
Human Rights Praxis and the Struggle for Survival offers critical analysis of contemporary politics and options for students, scholars, organizers, and stakeholders to grapple with some of the most pressing social problems of human history.
Rebels and Conflict Escalation
Violence during war often involves upswings and downturns that have, to date, been insufficiently explained. Why does violence at a particular point in time increase in intensity and why do actors in war decrease the level of violence at other points? Duyvesteyn discusses the potential explanatory variables for escalation and de-escalation in conflicts involving states and non-state actors, such as terrorists and insurgents. Using theoretical arguments and examples from modern history, this book presents the most notable causal mechanisms or shifts in the shape of propositions that could explain the rise and decline of non-state actor violence after the start and before the termination of conflict. This study critically reflects on the conceptualisation of escalation as linear, rational and wilful, and instead presents an image of rebel escalation as accidental, messy and within a very limited range of control.
Theorizing World Orders
We need new analytical tools to understand the turbulent times in which we live, and identify the directions in which international politics will evolve. This volume discusses how engaging with Emanuel Adler's social theory of cognitive evolution could potentially achieve these objectives. Eminent scholars of International Relations explore various aspects of Adler's theory, evaluating its potential contributions to the study of world orders and IR theory more generally. Each chapter focuses on a different aspect of the social theory of cognitive evolution, such as power, morality, materiality, narratives, and practices, and identifies new theoretical vistas that help break new ground in International Relations. In the concluding chapter, Adler responds, engaging in a rich dialogue with the contributors. This volume will appeal to scholars and advanced students of International Relations theory, especially evolutionary and constructivist approaches.
The Rise of Responsibility in World Politics
The concept of responsibility has emerged as central to the study of international politics. This book explores the integral role of responsibility within the context of global crises such as the responsibility to address climate change, manage financial crises, and intervene with political conflicts. Vetterlein and Hansen-Magnusson address responsibility as a conceptual tool in its own right, existing at the intersection of accountability and legitimacy and spanning across governance sectors of the environment, business, and security. This practice-based approach to the study of responsibility maps similarities and difference across policy fields and reveals the diverse moral actors responsible for negotiating responsibility. The emergence of responsibility further implicates underlying moral values and policy-making within the context of global politics. The Rise of Responsibility in World Politics addresses not only individual agency, but also how questions of community play a role in broader negotiations around the meaning of responsibility.
The Selection and Tenure of Foreign Ministers Around the World
Foreign ministers are prominent actors in foreign affairs, often second only to heads of government in their influence. Yet, despite the growing awareness of the importance of key actors, and their backgrounds, in the study of international relations, foreign ministers remain understudied. In this Element, we make an important empirical contribution by presenting an original dataset on the personal and professional background of foreign ministers, spanning thirteen countries and more than 200 years. We use these data to answer three questions: who are the foreign ministers, why are foreign ministers with particular features appointed, and why do some foreign ministers have longer tenure than others? We find that foreign ministers tend to be men of politics who are appointed both on the basis of their affinity to, and to complement the experiences of, the head of government. We also find that foreign ministers stay longer in office when they perform well or are expected to do so, but that they are more likely to lose their posts when conditions make heads of government more prone to 'pin blame' on them to deflect criticism from foreign policy failures.
Law and Sentiment in International Politics
Drawing on recent research in moral psychology and neuroscience, this book argues that universal moral beliefs and emotions shaped the evolution of the laws of war, and in particular laws that protect civilians. It argues that civilian protection norms are not just a figment of the modern West, but that these norms were embryonic in earlier societies and civilizations, including Ancient China, early Islam, and medieval Europe. However, despite their ubiquity, this book argues that civilian protection rules are inherently fragile, and that their fragility lies not just in failures of compliance, but also in how moral emotions shaped the design of the law. The same beliefs and emotions that lead people to judge that it is wrong to intentionally target civilians can paradoxically constitute the basis for excusing states for incidental civilian casualties, or collateral damage. To make the laws of war work better for civilians, this book argues that we need to change how we think about the ethics of killing in war.
Conceptualizing International Practices
This book brings together the key scholars in the international practice debate to demonstrate its strengths as an innovative research perspective. The contributions show the benefit of practice theories in the study of phenomena in international security, international political economy and international organisation, by directing attention to concrete and observable everyday practices that shape international outcomes. The chapters exemplify the cross-overs and relations to other theoretical approaches, and thereby establish practice theories as a distinct IR perspective. Each chapter investigates a key concept that plays an important role in international relations theory, such as power, norms, knowledge, change or cognition. Taken together, the authors make a strong case that practice theories allow to ask new questions, direct attention to uncommon empirical material, and reach different conclusions about international relations phenomena. The book is a must read for anyone interested in recent international relations theory and the actual practices of doing global politics.
The Architects of International Relations
Based on extensive archival research, this book provides a new and stimulating history of International Relations (IR) as an academic discipline. Contrary to traditional accounts, it argues that IR was not invented by Anglo-American men after the First World War. Nor was it divided into neat theoretical camps. To appreciate the twists and turns of early IR scholarship, the book follows a diverse group of men and women from across Europe and beyond who pioneered the field since 1914. Like architects, they built a set of institutions (university departments, journals, libraries, etc.) but they also designed plans for a new world order (draft treaties, petitions, political commentary, etc.). To achieve these goals, they interacted closely with the League of Nations and its bodies for intellectual cooperation, until the Second World War put an end to their endeavour. Their story raises broader questions about the status of IR well beyond the inter-war period.
Operation Al-Aqsa Flood
Why did Operation Al-Aqsa Flood take place, and what were Hamas's objectives? What really happened on the ground on October 7th? What lessons can we learn from the operations carried out by both sides?To answer these three questions and many others, Jacques Baud revisits the Israeli-Palestinian conflict from its very beginnings. Why has it still not found a solution? What strategies have Israelis and Palestinians adopted over the past 75 years? What is the impact of this conflict on our security? What are the options for Israel and Palestine in the coming years?In this book of rare clairvoyance, Jacques Baud deplores the fact that Western decisions are colliding with international law. The question is not who we are for, but how the international order created after 1945 should be applied. Israel's failure to respect this law is provoking its downfall. As with any conflict, the solution will not come from emotion, but from objective, dispassionate analysis and honest mediation.
After Zionism
After Zionism brings together some of the world's leading thinkers on the most pressing issue of our time. In essays that challenge our assumptions, distinguished contributors with distinct and divergent perspectives dissect the century-long conflict between Zionism and the Palestinians. Time has run out for the two-state solution because of the unending and permanent Israeli colonisation of Palestinian land. The Hamas attacks of 7 October 2023 and Israel's subsequent devastation of Gaza have given renewed urgency to the discussion. After Zionism explores possible forms of a one-state solution and a future that honours and respects the rights of all who live in Palestine and Israel. This timely new edition includes a new preface and essays by Omar Barghouti, Jonathan Cook, Joseph Dana, Jeremiah Haber, Jeff Halper, Ghada Karmi, Antony Loewenstein, Saree Makdisi, John Mearsheimer, Ilan Pappe, Sara Roy and Phil Weiss.
National Affects
Identity is widely acknowledged to be a felt experience, yet questions of atmosphere, mood and public sentiments are rarely made central to understanding the global politics of nationalism. This book asks what difference it makes when we address national identity as principally an affective force? National Affects traces how ideas about 'us and them' take form in ordinary spaces, in ways that are both deeply felt and hardly noticeable, in studies of global events that range from the London 2012 Olympic Games to responses to acts of terror, the European refugee crisis and 'Brexit'. In this timely intervention, Angharad Closs Stephens addresses the affective dimensions of being together to open new angles in the study of nationalism and global politics. She asks how the nation is felt in everyday life, as well as differently experienced, and investigates different forms of enacting being together to generate new insights in the study of national identity. National Affects draws on academic theories in the study of Politics, International Relations and Human Geography, as well as stories, performance works and novels, to establish a new tone of critical enquiry. Informed by longstanding critical interrogations of the politics of 'us and them', this book argues that these ideas are not as stable as they are often made to seem. Drawing on a combination of artistic and academic interventions, this book offers a refreshing approach to conceptualising the politics of nationalism, identity and citizenship. In its focus on everyday atmospheres, it identifies new registers for intervening politically. Overall, National Affects outlines other ways of imagining and practising being political together, beyond the exclusionary politics of nationalism. This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com.
Conflict and Development
Fully revised and updated in its third edition, this timely book brings together the study of conflict and war and the problems surrounding economic development of developing societies who are most prone to experiencing problems in moving on after war.
Governance of Islam in Pakistan
Modern states increasingly seek to regulate religious expression, practice and discourse. This is profoundly evident at many levels of Islamic policy interaction: from debates about the banning of the Muslim face-veil in Europe to civic re-education programmes for Muslim citizens in China. Governance of Islam in Pakistan provides a systematic account of how interactions between multiple public and private bodies direct the regulation and standardisation of Islam in one of the largest Muslim-majority states in the world. Analysis centres on the institutional development of the Council of Islamic Ideology, a constitutional body tasked with issuing advice to the executive and legislature about the compatibility of laws with Islamic principles. Based on archival material that has been subject to little scholarly attention, and interviews with Council members and staff of other state bodies, Sarah Holz proposes governance as an analytical framework to study the negotiation of religious expression, practice and discourse. In contrast to the established Islamisation narrative which generally labels such religious institutions as mere rubberstamps in the process of policy-making, the study of governance offers an alternative approach that enables examination of the dynamic competition and cooperation among multiple actors. Through collective interaction the Council and other relevant bodies are active players in the governance of Islam. Insights gained from analysis of the ideational, structural and functional evolution of the Council offers a Global South perspective on liberal democratic ideas about the functionality of the modern state and its institutional structure. Issues of economic, cultural and local/international political influence bear strongly in governance analysis. Engagement with the governance policy tool has applicability across the social sciences, but is particularly relevant for South Asian/Near and Middle East Studies.
Reframing Globalization After Covid-19
The pandemic has deepened existing trends in the international system, in particular the readjustment of alliances between nations and between regions. As spheres of influence disintegrate and reform, so national and regional security policies will change in unforeseen ways notwithstanding that individual state self-preservation will dominate policy choice. Three major dimensions are addressed. The first dimension is International Relations and Economy. The coronavirus has accelerated a global economic crisis comparable to those of 1929, 1987 and 2008. Are the major economic trading blocs moving to a war economy, and who might win or lose in this context? The second dimension of analysis is the growth of Information Communication. Hybrid and fragmented, especially in terms of the use of social media, the use of veiled threat and promoting discord in the form of providing provocative information on topics of the day can lead to conflict consequences and all its negative impacts. The third dimension is Geopolitical Reconfiguration. While world powers are always manoeuvring for an enhanced military and economic position, the pandemic offers new opportunities to capitalise on the changing power balance. The editors and contributors engage with the differing power polarities between China, the United States, India, Brazil, Russia, and the European Union. This book is one of the first to present research on the effects of COVID-19 on national public policy. Cross-cultural analysis of its effects, and the way in which different societies have addressed the fight against the virus, provides insight into the relations between states and possible solutions in the international arena. The work is essential reading for all those involved in international affairs and policy-making.
Israel’s Foreign Policy Towards the PLO
This detailed examination of Israeli foreign policy towards the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) between the 1967 war and the 2005 withdrawal from the Gaza Strip focuses on the impact and process of globalisation on the Israeli state's politics, economy, society and culture. In order to determine how interfacing developed between foreign policy and globalisation a theoretical framework is presented that brings together two established approaches that hitherto have advanced in parallel: foreign policy analysis and globalisation theory. This is the first attempt within the discipline of International Relations to theorise the relationships between foreign policy and globalisation. Causal relationships underpinning Israeli foreign policy -- involving government, the state, the economy, social stratification, and the media -- are linked to globalisation by specific example. Conventional accounts of this relationship strip military and political factors of any significance in terms of the conceptualisation of globalisation and its causes, in favour of spatio-temporal and economic dimensions. The state is viewed as being compelled to transform in response to the pressures of globalisation. But in the case of Israel the state acted proactively by using foreign policy towards the PLO as a key site of action to capture the opportunities and cope with the challenges presented by globalisation. To date there have been only partial historical accounts of Israeli foreign policy towards the PLO in the context of globalisation. It is generally understood that foreign policy towards the PLO became entangled with globalisation due to the socio-economic and cultural globalisation of Israel in the mid-1980s, but this study shows that the increasing impact of military and political globalisation during the Cold War on the Arab-Israeli conflict resulted in Israeli foreign policy towards the PLO, and globalisation effects in Israel, becoming entwined from the early 1970s.
The Irish Against the War
The purpose of the book is to explore and explicate the origins, evolution and mobilisation of anti-war activism in Ireland from the 1950s. The author applies postcolonial critical perspectives alongside social movement theory to define the multifaceted Irish approach to different international conflicts from the creation of the Irish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (1958) to the current war in Ukraine. Meticulously researched, the chapters develop an analysis of the anti-war activism in Ireland, be it at a local, national or supranational level, from political parties, trade unions and civil associations. The book casts light on the factors that structure the Irish domestication of the conflicts under study, be they historical and connected to senses of national identity in the Irish Republic and Northern Ireland, or strategic, diplomatic and religious.
Israel's New Wars
Israel's New Wars examines Israel's recent conflicts with Iran and its partners. The book's key focus is how these wars differ from those fought between 1948 and 1982. In the wake of its independence, Israel fought a series of high-intensity wars against Arab states. Since then, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have fought several confrontations and numerous smaller actions against non-state actors such as Hezbollah and Hamas, and have also been engaged in a long-running 'cold war' with Iran, mostly over Iran's nuclear program. Author Dr. Ehud Eilam explores the lessons learned by Israel in these conflicts, and how they have influenced strategy and doctrine. He also makes a major new assessment of the structure of the IDF, and evaluates its capacity in fighting Iran and its allies. This book is essential for anyone who wishes to understand the present and future of the Middle East. "Dr. Eilam offers meticulous analysis and in- depth discussion of current Israeli military history in a way that few historians do." -Brig. General (Res.) Dr. Dani Asher author and defence expert "This carefully researched study sheds light on the multifaceted efforts of the IDF to manage and overcome the threats posed by Hamas and Hezbollah. Eilam's balanced and nuanced analysis provides a revealing account of these endeavors." -John Calabrese, The American University, Washington, DC "Israel's New Wars is a must- read book not only analyzes the conflicts between Israel and Iran, Hezbollah, and Hamas, but also provides an intriguing and comprehensive study of how the IDF can prepare to fight non- state actors." -Brig. General (Ret.) Ilan Paz "There is a lot of important information contained within this book, focusing on Ehud Eilam's highly valuable insights on various combat events and their impacts on the IDF and its combat doctrine development." -Brig. General (Ret.) Gideon Avidor, Head of The Institute for Advanced Military Thinking "Ehud Eilam offers a timely and well researched assessment of the history of 21st century conflicts pitting Israel against Hamas and Hezbollah. Most significantly, the author identifies and explains the distinctions between those conflicts and prior Arab- Israeli Wars." -Dr. Bob Pauly, The University of Southern Mississippi
Devolution of Power
Polls show only 20% of citizens trust the U.S. federal government to do what is right most of the time. Polls find the average American believes the nation is two-thirds of the way to "the edge of a civil war." Can the federal government unite and govern this polarized nation? If not, how does it divide?Devolution of Power directly addresses these questions. It provides a roadmap to unwinding the massive accumulation of federal power by returning many domestic functions to the states. By distributing power throughout the nation, the federal government can focus on protecting America while empowering citizens in the respective states with the freedom to determine the domestic policies they want to be implemented by more efficient governments closer to them.Unlike many books on government reform, Devolution of Power is not just a list of complaints that leave the reader seeking solutions. It addresses how to restructure a federal government before it collapses the nation: Rekindling the idea that government officials must serve as fiduciaries, not self-interested politicians.Providing alternative mechanisms for rolling back federal power.Outlining a restructuring plan to devolve federal power to the states.Identifying options for trimming the national debt and the federal bureaucracy.Describing the character traits needed by elected officials to restore trust in government.While electing fiduciaries and devolving federal domestic powers to the states may seem to be an impossible task, the author presents a compelling case that it is a far easier task than rebuilding a collapsed nation burdened with massive debt, regulatory sclerosis, continuous wars, and little concern for the average American.
Strait of Tensions
In the collection "Geopolitics" published by London-based Global East-West, a new volume is published under the title, "Strait of Tensions: The Geopolitical Turmoil of Bab el-Mandeb." Authored by the esteemed French Think Tank's GEW Reports & Analyses Team, this groundbreaking edition expertly navigates the complex web of geopolitical turmoil plaguing the Bab el-Mandeb Strait. This follows their previous notable works in the same collection, including "The Sabotage" which delved into the USA and China rivalry and "Ukraine, The Forgotten War."One of the key chokepoints in the Red Sea is the Bab el Mandeb strait, readers are taken on a detailed exploration of the strategic and economic significance of this narrow waterway. Situated between Yemen and the African continent, the Bab el Mandeb serves as a vital gateway to the Suez Canal and, ultimately, the Mediterranean Sea. This book delves into how any disruptions to the safe passage of ships through this critical strait can have profound implications for global trade and regional stability. Beyond maritime security concerns, the crisis in the Red Sea directly impacts oil prices worldwide due to its role as a major route for oil exports. With potential shipping delays, heightened security risks, and looming blockades, the repercussions on global oil markets and economies are meticulously examined.
