Repertoires of Terrorism
Why do armed groups employ terrorism in markedly different ways during civil wars? Drawing on more than a decade of fieldwork, Andreas E. Feldmann examines the disparate behavior of actors including guerrilla groups, state security forces, and paramilitaries during Colombia's long and bloody civil war. Analyzing the varieties of violence in this conflict, he develops a new theory of the dynamics of terrorism in civil wars. Feldmann argues that armed groups' distinct uses--repertoires--of terrorism arise from their particular organizational identities, the central and enduring attributes that distinguish one faction from other warring parties. He investigates a range of groups that took part in the Colombian conflict over the course of its evolution from ideological to criminal warfare, demonstrating that organizational identity plays a critical role in producing and rationalizing violence. Armed parties employ their unique repertoires as a means of communication to assert their relevance and territorial presence and to differentiate themselves from enemies and rivals. Repertoires of Terrorism is based on an extensive data set covering thousands of incidents, as well as interviews, archival research, and testimony. It sheds new light on both armed groups' use of violence in Colombia's civil war and the factors that shape terrorist activity in other conflicts.
Unemployment and Resistance in Tunisia
Saerom Han provides a reassessment of Tunisian democratisation by exploring why and how unemployed protesters became articulated with the so-called 'War on Terror' within a liberal democratic framework. This book is the first attempt to critically examine the relationship between democratisation and securitisation in Tunisia. It also provides a novel way of thinking about socioeconomic protests in and beyond Tunisia by discussing how their rationalities and techniques can sustain and at the same time challenge the neoliberal regime of power.Drawing on field research and a Foucauldian approach to democracy, resistance and security, this book situates the democracy-security nexus in the context of the neoliberal regime. It shows that the dominant counter-terrorism practices, rather than being a threat to democracy, partly served as a governing mechanism for a neoliberal modality of democracy by managing 'problematic' actors such as unemployed protesters who demanded radical changes in political and economic orders. This book also discusses how the protesters reproduced and at the same time challenged the ways that they were securitised, complicating the relationship between domination and resistance in post-2011 Tunisia.
Cbrne: Challenges in the 21st Century
This book addresses the pertinent issues that will need to be considered by those interested in physical security problems of the future. Specifically, it examines how changes in the accessibility of technology - data, hardware, software - are likely to affect both threat and mitigation considerations for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Explosive (CBRE) scenarios and how social science can inform us of the human aspects of each. The trend towards an ever more socio-technical society and infrastructures - encapsulated by concepts such as 'smart cities' - is drawn out as a key motivation for adopting more holistic risk approaches to such security problems, than is currently the case.
Industrial Policy in Turkey
At a time when many advanced and emerging economies are adopting more active industrial policies, this book provides an in-depth historical-empirical account of industrial policy in Turkey - its rise, retreat and return. This study adopts a multidisciplinary approach and covers the role of the state from Turkey's initial industrialisation to the current period of restructuring and potential technological upgrading of its manufacturing base. The analysis traces how industrial policy has been shaped by state capacity, the waves of reforms following economic crises, the dearth of long-term finance for industrialisation and, more recently, the need to address issues such as low-tech industrial structure and pre-mature de-industrialisation.
Fiscal Federalism in Canada
Featuring insights from some of the top specialists in the country, Fiscal Federalism in Canada unpacks numerous complexities of fiscal federalism in Canada. The book features key regional and provincial perspectives, while taking into account Indigenous realities, the three territories, and municipal affairs. The contributing authors go beyond the major federal transfers to examine the financing of education, cities, infrastructure, and housing.This volume shows that fiscal federalism is much more than simply an aggregate of individual programs and transfers. It highlights the role of actors other than the federal and provincial governments and recalls the importance of territoriality. The book pays close attention to the political dimension of fiscal federalism in Canada, which is at the heart of how the federation functions and is essential to its governance. Fiscal federalism is central to the funding of critical programs through intergovernmental transfers, but it is also the focus of political debates on territorial redistribution. In tackling essential questions, Fiscal Federalism in Canada contributes to the so-called second-generation fiscal federalism literature, taking stock of the critical sociological and political issues at its core.
Managing Federalism Through Pandemic
Managing Federalism through Pandemic summarizes and analyses multiple policy dimensions of Canada's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and related policy issues from the perspective of Canadian federalism. Contributors address the relative effectiveness of intergovernmental cooperation at the summit level and in policy fields including emergency management, public health, national security, Indigenous Peoples and governments, border governance, crisis communications, fiscal federalism, income security policies (CERB), supply chain resilience, and interacting energy and climate policies.Despite serious policy failures of individual governments, repeated fluctuations in the overall effectiveness of pandemic management, and growing public frustration across provinces and regions, contributors show how processes for intergovernmental cooperation adapted reasonably well to the pandemic's unprecedented stresses, particularly at the outset. The book concludes that, despite individual policy failures, Canada's decentralized approach to policy management often enabled regional adaptation to varied conditions, helped to contain serious policy failures, and contributed to various degrees of policy learning across governments. Managing Federalism through Pandemic reveals how the pandemic exposed structural policy weaknesses which transcend federalism but have significant implications for how governments work together (or don't) to promote the well-being of citizens.
EU Climate Diplomacy Towards the Imo and Icao
This book delves into the topic of the European climate diplomacy and the ways it is performed, both internally in terms of constructing a negotiating position, and externally in regards to how the European Union (EU) as a whole exports this position at the international level. To do that, the analytical framework is built around two major pillars: first, the literature on European public policy, specifically regarding policymaking, and second, the Normative Power Europe approach. Aiming to test whether European climate diplomacy actually works, the book utilizes two examples/case studies, namely the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The selection of these examples is based on an array of rationales, but the main reason is that both international organizations (IOs) do not contribute (at least their fair share) in the global efforts of tackling climate change. The book thus showcases the strategically driven efforts of the EU as whole to export its climate norm to these two IOs. It argues that, if it weren't for the EU, these two organizations would not have been active in negotiating on climate change issues to such extent.
Digital Diplomacy in the OSCE Region
This edited volume examines the practices and applications of digital diplomacy in the OSCE Region. As a security organization, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) prioritizes its member states' cyber security and cyberspace activities. The book examines two key areas where digital diplomacy challenges traditional diplomatic practices of the OSCE member States: institutional adaptation and policy innovation in the OSCE Region. It (1) investigates how capable and motivated foreign ministries are at the institutional level to shift to digital diplomacy, and (2) explores how digital diplomacy affects the fundamental diplomatic tasks of representation, communication, and relationship management at the policy level. Technological advances in IT and the Internet's widespread introduction in the wake of the 2000s provided new territories to conquer for states to pursue their interests. Moreover, technological developments and media attention enhanced information flow and communication through new platforms like online encyclopedias (i.e., Wikipedia), video-sharing sites (i.e., YouTube), and social media platforms (i.e., Facebook, Instagram, Twitter). Because of these transformations, public opinion became influential in diplomacy, and a greater need to include foreign publics as part of foreign policy goals emerged.Introducing case studies from several OSCE countries, presented by an international group of authors, this book provides a timely response to current affairs and policy debates by providing pluralistic perspectives from different countries and disciplines, such as international relations, political science, international law, and political economy). It will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars of the aforementioned disciplines, as well as policy-makers and practitioners interested in a better understanding of digital democracy and digital diplomacy in the OSCE region.
The End of Peacekeeping
In The End of Peacekeeping, Marsha Henry makes use of feminist, postcolonial, and anti-militarist frameworks to expose peacekeeping as an epistemic power project in need of abolition. Drawing on critical concepts from Black feminist thought, and from postcolonial and critical race theories, Henry shows how contemporary peacekeeping produces gender and racial inequalities through increasingly militarized strategies. The book's intersectional analysis of peacekeeping is based on data amassed through more than fifteen years of ethnographic fieldwork on peacekeeping missions and training centers around the world, including interviews with UN peacekeepers, humanitarian aid personnel, and local populations. Henry demonstrates how focus on the policy and practice of peacekeeping has obscured the geopolitical knowledge project at peacekeeping's root, allowing its harms to persist unquestioned by mainstream scholarship. Arguing that we must recover critical theoretical contributions that have been sidelined within the field, she brings the insights of feminist and postcolonial scholarship to bear on peacekeeping studies, whose production of empirical data and evidence continues to provide the justification and foundation for policy and global governance actions. Revealing that peacekeeping is not the benign, apolitical project it is often purported to be, this book encourages readers to imagine and enact alternative futures to peacekeeping.
Local Electoral Participation in Europe
While electoral participation is a traditional topic in political science, voter turnout at the local level is still largely uncharted. There are very few large-N comparative works on municipal turnout and, as a result, a lack of a comprehensive comparative picture of local electoral participation. This book aims to fill that gap by taking an innovative approach to the topic. The volume makes three major advances at the empirical, methodological and theoretical levels. Empirically, it provides a large-N comparison by covering 18 European countries and more than 70,000 municipalities. Methodologically, the book uses the multi-level congruence theory to study municipal turnout in relation to national turnout, exploring the variation between those levels. Theoretically, it bridges the two main (and often mutually exclusive) strands in the literature on local elections - the lower-rank and different-kind approaches - and it assesses the features and mechanisms of local voting.
News from Under the Southern Cross
"Ambassador Yamagami Shingo has traversed more of Australia than many Australians and had conversations with people from all walks of life. What he learned from these travels and conversations is enriching for all of us." - Julia Gillard"This book provides first-class insights into our "sunburnt country" our geography, culture and, especially, our people." - Tony AbbottAmbassador Shingo YAMAGAMI, the former Ambassador of Japan, is one of Australia's most hardworking and popular ambassadors. He communicated effectively with our nation's leaders and built a rapport with ordinary people.Shingo YAMAGAMI's tenure in Australia was one in which he endeared the nation and a time when several historically significant events occurred. These unique events include the pandemic response, Queen Elizabeth II's death, the Ukraine crisis, and rising political tensions in the South China Sea & East China Sea. In hindsight, many of his comments are now more relevant than ever.In addition to these exceptional articles, News from Under the Southern Cross also offers Australian readers an insight into our culture through his exploration of the states, capitals, and less-explored tourist delights such as Morambah, Thursday Island, and Broome.Shingo YAMAGAMI's book News from Under the Southern Cross highlights how effective diplomacy can serve political needs and raise public perception via shared experiences. News from Under the Southern Cross has elevated the profile of both Japan and Australia.News from Under the Southern Cross also creates a wonderful image of our land, discussing Australia's many sporting achievements and events, culinary delights, Australian cinema, tourism, trade, space, the importance of hydrogen in reducing emissions, and Japanese culture in Australia. One of Australia's best-feathered friends - the Magpie - also makes an appearance to secure its leading role as one of Australia's most iconic animals. News from Under the Southern Cross chronicles the challenging political landscape of Shingo YAMAGAMI's tenure. It is also a superbly entertaining book for anyone interested in Australian politics, culture, tourism, sports, or valuable tips on dealing with swooping magpies."Ambassador Shingo YAMAGAMI was by far the most impressive Ambassador of Japan over the last 22 years in which I have been involved with successive Japanese ambassadors in Canberra." - Emeritus Professor Paul Dibb, AM
Why the European Union Failed in Afghanistan
The return of the Taliban has undermined EU external action, reversed twenty years of state-building efforts and represents the most significant failure of EU foreign policy to date. Drawing on over 100 hours of interviews with key actors and an in-depth examination of the EU's state-building efforts, this book offers unparalleled insights into the complex interplay between transatlantic relations and the resurgence of the Taliban. It critically evaluates the EU's strategies, advocating for a nuanced, historically informed approach to international relations. Indispensable for academics, policy makers and anyone vested in the intricacies of foreign interventions in an ever-complex global environment.
One Hundred Years of Greek-Turkish Relations
The relationship between Greece and Turkey has been fraught with tension for a century, with a range of issues including territorial disputes, and cultural and political differences. Despite being NATO allies and neighbours, the two nations have a long history of conflict and mistrust, but also a sense of similarity and mutual admiration. In the 21st century, the situation has become increasingly complex, as we have seen a resurgence of nationalist sentiment on both sides, as well as an active engagement between the two nations through common initiatives, tourism, media and social sciences. This book analyses the human dimension of Greek-Turkish relations, using extensive primary data collected from interviews and archival research conducted over 30 years. It focuses on the topic of the compulsory exchange and its consequences, as well as the Greek minority in Turkey, the Turkish minority in Greece, and contemporary developments in the mutual, yet paradoxical, relationships between the two nations.
The Art of Peace Formation
Artpeace represents a conceptual framing of the synergy between the arts and peacemaking, as well as a methodological strategy for addressing war and political conflict through the arts. Developing the concept of artpeace, this book investigates how local art projects in seven locations across Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America have played a role in broader national peace projects. And it examines the blockages that, at times, prevent the arts from making a tangible difference to the variations of peace being designed.
Electoral Integrity in Turkey
This book provides a unique framework to explain the causes and consequences of electoral problems in Turkey. Although highly illuminating, the existing studies fall short of explaining the particularities of numerous singular electoral settings. This gap is especially valid for the grey-zone regimes, which are neither clearly democratic nor conventionally authoritarian in Turkey.Establishing a historical outlook by scrutinising the elections which have taken place since the 1950s, Emre Toros identifies the challenges related to electoral integrity nested at individual and institutional levels. In this way, this book contributes to electoral integrity literature by utilising the valuable research strategies of the existing studies, proposing alternative data sources that will better understand the phenomena and, most importantly, employing a methodology that will suit both singular and comparative cases.
Public Procurement for Innovation
Dolores Kuchina-Musina and Benjamin D. McMartin present a comprehensive analysis of the alternative contract vehicles used to promote innovation in the United States (U.S). Alternative Contracting Pathways examines the models, methods, and techniques the U.S. uses to promote the development of innovative technologies and products.
The Case for Palestine
In 1948, the State of Israel was founded. While the philosophy of Zionism that advocated for a Jewish homeland in what was then known as Palestine dates back to 1897, the creation of Israel in 1948 was justified by the terrible crime of the Holocaust committed by Nazi Germany during WWII. Many defenders of Israel would like us to believe that the creation of Israel was a peaceful process on a barely populated land, however, this is far from true. Rather, the creation of Israel was accompanied by what is known by the Palestinians as the Nakba(catastrophe)--an operation in which 700,000 Palestinians were violently expelled from their land and their homes. Since that time, Israel has continued to usurp more and more land from the Palestinians who they falsely portray as a people without a history and without a culture. Israel has been particularly cruel to the people of Gaza--70 percent of whom are refugees from the 1948 Nakba. Gaza has been converted by Israel into what some call a giant open-air prison surrounded by barbed wire. It is in this context that we are currently witnessing the tragic violence between Israel and the people of Gaza--violence on a scale not seen in this land since the Nakba of 1948. Indeed, many Palestinians are calling this a second Nakba, with around 1.5 million Palestinians already displaced and thousands killed. All of this is being accomplished by Israel with critical military and diplomatic support from the United States. This second Nakba is also being facilitated by the mainstream press that both downplays and justifies what many believe to be genocidal violence against the Palestinian people. The Case for Palestine is written as a counternarrative, with the hope that, if the truth is told, this violence and displacement can be stopped before it is too late; before Gaza is no more.
Sun, Wind and Desert
There is no shortage of climate-neutral energy. There is only the global task of tapping climate-neutral energy sources both locally on a small scale and globally on a large scale and connecting them to the centres of consumption. This book focuses on the enormous potential in Europes neighbourhood. The huge, very cost-effective and secure solar and wind energy from the deserts of North Africa and the Middle East North Africa (MENA) will be developed developed - by local governments partnering with (international) companies - at a great pace. At the same time, offshore wind energy in Europes seas will become the mainstay of energy supply for our industry.
Politicians at Night
Politicians at Night: Interaction and Discourse on the Entertainment-Political Interview studies the exchanges between presidential candidates and talk show hosts on broadcast late-night shows in the United States. Gonen Dori-Hacohen; Eean Grimshaw and Menno H. Reijven use various language and social interaction frameworks, including membership categorization analysis, conversation analysis, narrative analysis, and semiotics. They develop a broad understanding of the Entertainment-Political Interview (EPI) and cultural role. They discuss how politicians use pronouns to achieve inclusion and exclusion. Similarly, the authors demonstrate how and why the hosts ask softball questions. Unlike these two elements that create politics, the authors demonstrate how politicians use stories to present themselves like celebrities. They then demonstrate how politicians intersect with entertainment when they analyze one specific segment called "Slow Jam the News," on The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon.The linking of the politician to entertainment is part of the final argument of the book, where the authors critically examine the EPI as part of a myth since it vacates the politics of its original form while maintaining a fa癟ade of politics.EPI promotes a capitalist neoliberal ideology that is at the root of both entertainment and politics in the U.S.
Constitutional Resilience and the Covid-19 Pandemic
This book explores the resilience of constitutional government in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, connecting and comparing perspectives from ten countries in sub-Saharan Africa to global trends.In emergency situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, a state has the right and duty under both international law and domestic constitutional law to take appropriate steps to protect the health and security of its population. Emergency regimes may allow for the suspension or limitation of normal constitutional government and even human rights. Those measures are not a license for authoritarian rule, but they must conform to legal standards of necessity, reasonableness, and proportionality that limit state action in ways appropriate to the maintenance of the rule of law in the context of a public health emergency. Bringing together established and emerging African scholars from ten countries, this book looks at the impact government emergency responses to the pandemic have on the functions of the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary, as well as the protection of human rights. It also considers whether and to what extent government emergency responses were consistent with international human rights law, in particular with the standards of legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination in the Siracusa Principles.
The White House is Compromised
General Wright ascension through the ranks of America's European based army during the Cold War, eventually became aware that politicians were pulling the strings of even the most astute military leaders. Wright was known as Billy to his farming friends in Central Florida along with a few girlfriends who had no idea he had been used in covert missions throughout the world. Wright's vision of the future was to change the way Washington went about in keeping the U.S.A. safe by orthodox means was to infiltrate where power emitted and change a century old play book into a new modern mechanized Military that would encompass all services from the Air Force, Navy, Marines, Coast Guard and his beloved U. S. Army.His aim was to cut the politicians strings and splice them with a steely futuristic agenda that could not be cut or compromised by friend nor foe.
Reform and Nation-Building
Since obtaining independence in 1957, Malaysia has had two historic general elections, the first in 2018 and the second in 2022. The 2018 election brought the reformist Pakatan Harapan government into power. Due to both internal and external machinations, the Pakatan Harapan administration collapsed 22 months later. Subsequently, more than two years of socio-political instability ensued, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, economic hardships, and increasing ethnic polarization and identity politics. After the 2022 election, there was renewed hope. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, Pakatan Harapan again leads a new coalition government (dubbed the "unity" government). Sharifah Munirah Alatas discusses these developments in a series of short essays. She highlights the peoples' hopes for crucial reforms and their lingering despair for what seems unattainable. Alatas focuses on the rise in corruption, identity politics, and what she considers the dismal failure of the nation's public universities. She questions the future of the nation but hopes for a revolutionary change in leadership attitudes.
Proxy Wars from a Global Perspective
Proxy warfare is a growing international phenomenon. Although states have used proxies in armed conflicts for centuries, evolving regional and global security architecture is now forcing states to radically change the way contemporary conflicts are fought. Based on ten case studies, this reassesses exactly how these changing global and systemic factors are shaping the ways in which states use non-state actors as proxies in their armed conflicts. Examining the use of proxy warfare worldwide, focusing on the last decade's conflicts, this volume brings together contributions from scholars of international relations and global security studies in order to explore cases of armed conflict of particular regional and global significance. These include recent developments in the conflict in Israel and Palestine, the Central African Republic, Libya, Mali, Central Asia, Syria, Ukraine, Nagorno-Karabakh, Brazil and Yemen. By drawing on both theory and practise, it offers a re-evaluation of contemporary understanding of "outsourced warfare", with policy implications for how we understand and negotiate with states using proxy warfare in the future.
China in India's Neighbourhood
This book explores the scope and extent of the growing Chinese influence in India's neighbourhood and its impact on India as well as on Asian power politics.
Indonesia's Engagement with Africa
This book provides a comprehensive study of Indonesia's contemporary foreign policy engagement with Africa, highlighting the archipelago's recent reawakening to the continent. It explores thoughts on Afro-Asian relations in general and their future in the changing geopolitical context. It provides a vision of Indonesia's foreign policy and political situation at the highest level of leadership. It places Indonesia in a multi-comparison context, which helps us reconsider Indonesia today and widens our views on Indonesia's needs to be better known through new perspectives and voices able to better convey the realities of its polity, aspirations, and complexities. It proposes, through the study of Indonesia's African endeavour, to better grasp the contemporary Indonesian Zeitgeist and Weltanschauung. It also analyses the political power alliance formed by President Jokowi and former General Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, leading a state-led developmentthrough state capitalism, mobilising State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). The Bandung Conference host aspires to project its domestic development achievements towards Africa, focusing on Africa for Africa and not merely as part of a sometimes-abstract Afro-Asian discourse. Nonetheless, Afro-Asianism continues to be mobilised to facilitate market penetration and serve domestic interests. The book shows how Indonesia's foreign policy toward Africa relates to domestic political contestation and consolidation, political legacy and commodity-based industrial policy, and Chinese and "China in Africa" networks and ideational influence, foremost among other networks of influence in the Jokowi era. The book also underlines how Indonesia's knowledge production and academic deficiencies negatively impact its foreign policy capabilities, notably as a potential robust alternative partner for Africa. It will be beneficial for students, academicians, researchers, and diplomats.
A New Approach to Global Studies from the Perspective of Small Nations
With emphasis on East Asian and North American examples - notably Japan and Quebec - Date, Laniel and their contributors take a new approach to the understanding of small nations and their role in the international system.
Hamas and International Relations
**Book Title: Hamas and International Relations: Allies and Alliances****Book Description: **In "Hamas and International Relations: Allies and Alliances," the complex interplay between the Palestinian organization Hamas and the broader world of international politics is meticulously dissected. From its origins as a resistance movement against Israeli occupation to its current status as a multifaceted global actor, Hamas has evolved, forming crucial alliances with states and non-state actors alike.This comprehensive book takes readers on a journey through the historical evolution of Hamas, shedding light on its motivations, ideologies, and strategies. It explores the organization's intricate web of alliances with countries like Iran, Turkey, and Qatar, delving into the regional and global implications of these partnerships. The book dissects the nuances of dealing with a designated terrorist organization, examining how Western countries, the U.S. and EU, have shaped their policies toward Hamas, oscillating between engagement and isolation.Through the lens of Hamas's interactions with non-state actors, such as Hezbollah, the book demonstrates the growing significance of non-state entities in international relations and the challenges they pose to traditional diplomacy. It further contemplates the future prospects for Hamas, considering the adaptability and resilience that have allowed it to remain relevant in a rapidly changing geopolitical landscape."Hamas and International Relations: Allies and Alliances" offers readers a deep understanding of the global significance of Hamas in the 21st century. It serves as an essential resource for scholars, policymakers, and anyone seeking to comprehend the complex interplay between regional conflicts, international politics, and the evolving role of non-state actors in today's world.
Geopolitics of Global Catholicism
Geopolitics of Global Catholicism uncovers the key trends in today's Catholicism, including its deep entanglement with national, regional, as well as global politics, providing a comprehensive analysis.
The Rise and Fall of the Eagle
Studies the foreign policy choices of US, how and for what purpose the liberal world order was established, how it began, its connection with the US hegemony, how it has been shaken by various practices, and whether it has been successful so far. Uses recent academic works of experts, and primary resources for an in-depth study.
Lessons from Regional Responses to Security, Health and Environmental Challenges in Latin America
What is the role of regional organizations in maintaining security across different parts of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)? How did COVID-19 impact states in the region and what types of collective action have helped respond to public health emergencies? In what way is LAC environmental policy formulated and what broader lessons can be drawn for the Global South? This edited volume addresses these questions, revealing the reasons behind the successes and failures of LAC regional responses to collective challenges as well as their limitations and potential for future improvement. It contains 11 chapters, authored by 16 authoritative academics who employ methodologically-diverse perspectives. Each chapter provides insights that would be of interest to scholars, students and policy-makers working on the regional governance of LAC and the Global South. The contributions are thematically organised in three parts and produced with pragmatic considerations in mind, discussing existing and potential real solutions to pressing issues.
The Political Economy of Industry Organizations and Mercosur's North-South Trade Negotiations
This book addresses two of the most relevant yet understudied questions in field of International Political Economy (IPE): 1) what explains the trade policy preferences of the organizations that represent economic producers in the political sphere?; and 2) how they are formed? Specifically, it focuses on the evolution of the preferences of industry peak organizations in Brazil and Argentina, the National Confederation of Industry (CNI) -and the Sao Paulo Federation of Industries (FIESP) - in the first case, and the Argentine Industrial Union (UIA) in the second, regarding Mercosur's preferential trade agreements (PTA) negotiation agenda between 2010 and 2020. The author proposes a novel explanation, which combines elements from the open economy politics (OEP) paradigm with insights from ideational IPE. This book will appeal to research scholars, postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students, policymakers and professionals working in the fields of trade and industrial policies, trade agreements and negotiations, regionalism and government-business relations.
Proxy War Ethics: The Norms of Partnering in Great Power Competition
While proxy relationships can be an effective means international actors use to transfer risk and lower their costs to compete, they also enable actors to circumvent international norms as well as create moral hazards that can make the practice self-defeating if not simply unethical. Applying the framework of the Just War Tradition, this book highlights some of these ethical gaps and addresses how proxy relationships introduce additional obligations for both sponsor and proxy. The author examines specific examples of how current precedents set a very high bar for accountability, and perversely incentivizes sponsors to employ proxies while discouraging any effort to moderate proxy behavior since that could imply effective control. In light of this, the book offers policy recommendations on how to best manage these relationships while maintaining certain moral commitments.
The Political Economy of Divergent Welfare States in the Global South
This study traces the welfare regimes of Mauritius and South Africa from the early 20th century focusing on the historical circumstances that gave rise to the dominance of state-funded old-age pensions within their respective welfare frameworks. It highlights intersections between powerful business interests, the state, and social forces that sowed the seeds of social entitlements. Due to different mobilisation efforts of these social actors, both countries have spawned welfare regimes of different persuasions. Mauritius has maintained its long-standing traditions as a social democracy stretching back to the late 1950s, while South Africa continues relentlessly in pursuit of a liberal welfare state, a journey it has treaded since 1928 when the old-age pension laws first came into effect. While unravelling the innermost workings of welfare state development in Mauritius and South Africa, it also probes the present political and economic circumstances that have kept these two welfare regimes resolutely unchanged. Against this backdrop, it draws parallels between current welfare outcomes and those of old as they continue to chart their way into the future.
Artificial Intelligence and the New World Order
This book discusses the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) on post-COVID-19 international relations. With the decline and fall of U.S. global leadership and the emergence of new powerful actors, as hastened by the global pandemic, new arms are now used in new forms of wars with new players. The balance of power swings between geostrategic interests and those linked to the global governance of virtual space and the race to technological sovereignty. Chapters focus on the challenges imposed by these changes on different parts of the international system--law, governance, diplomacy, international psychological security--and articulate new strategies and ethical policies as possible solutions. The volume is interdisciplinary and will appeal to researchers, students, and professionals across fields interested in the ethics of AI in the international system.
The Damascus Seat of Power
While recent scholarship has focused on wartime Syria, this book is dedicated to heads of state in the immediate post-Ottoman era until the end of the French Mandate in 1946. Here, renowned Syrian historian, Sami Moubayed, examines Syria's first eleven heads of state who led the country between 1918 and 1946. With a chapter dedicated to each leader, Moubayed sheds light on the political culture of the time and traces the trajectory of how Syria was governed through colonialism, monarchism and federalism and republicanism. The study draws on numerous archives, political memoirs and first-hand interviews with key figures who were active between the 1930's and 1950's, providing a rich picture of Syrian political culture during this forgotten period.
Genocide in the Neighborhood
Another justice is possible. Genocide in the Neighborhood documents the theories, debates, successes, and failures of a rebellious tactic to build popular power and transformative justice.Genocide in the Neighborhood explores the autonomist practice of the "escrache," a series of public shamings that emerged in the late 1990s to honor the lives of those tens of thousands disappeared and exterminated under the Argentinean military dictatorship (1976 to 1983) and to protest the amnesty granted to perpetrators of state violence. Through a series of hypotheses and two sets of interviews, Colectivo Situaciones highlights the theories, debates, successes, and failures of the escraches-those direct and decentralized ways to agitate for justice that Brian Whitener defines as "something between a march, an action or happening, and a public shaming." Genocide in the Neighborhood also follows the popular Argentine uprising in 2001, a period of intense social unrest and political creativity that led to the collapse of government after government. The power that ordinary people developed for themselves in public space soon gave birth to a movement of neighborhoods organizing themselves into hundreds of popular assemblies across the country, while the unemployed took over streets and workers occupied factories. These events marked a sea change, a before and an after for Argentina that has since resonated around the world. In its wake Genocide in the Neighborhood investigates the nature of rebellion, discusses the value of historical and cultural memory to resistance, and tactfully deploys a much-needed model of political resistance that has recently been given new life by feminist groups across Latin America organizing against patriarchal violence.
Anti-Capitalist Economy in Rojava
This book looks at the anti-capitalist economy and the organization of social relations in the context of the revolution and autonomy of Rojava (Kurdistan-Syria). It questions both the limitations and the historical problems of the phenomenon of revolution, and the conflicts and contradictions that emerge in this process. It also draws from the conflicts and contradictions the author has consistently felt as a "political subject" who wants to change the world, especially through her experience in the Kurdish struggle and the Kurdish Movement. For this reason, every question she raises and attempts to answer in this book-about the Kurds, Rojava, and the world in general, involves what she says is her own subjectivity. The idea and dreams of revolution have existed since humans created systems of domination. Indeed, revolution, meaning the liberation from systems of domination, has undoubtedly been one of the most discussed subjects in history. There have been moments when the possibility of revolution has been clearer, and there have also been certain agreements on what it is and how to get there, but it has never been something completely definable. This continues to be true today. This book does not intend to define this great phenomenon, rather it looks at the revolutionary practices that create emancipating realities and embraces revolution as an undefined, contradictory and dynamic process. Although the rulers have traditionally written history, the history of social struggles has been and is still being created by many revolutionary and transformational processes. The future is being shaped based on desired revolutions and the struggles that, in turn, transform their actors, the people. Therefore, the desire and quest of the Kurdish people for liberation from the colonial rule of the nation-states of the Middle East-the subject of this book-has always been directly linked to the phenomenon of revolution.
International Development Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations
Filling an important gap in the literature for graduate students and practitioners in the public sector, private firms, contractors, and non-profit organizations that manage development assistance projects, this is a guide to dealing with core issues likely to be faced in doing field work.
Prosecuting War Crimes and Genocide
The "ethnic cleansing" that has gripped the Balkans for much of this decade is but another chapter in the long history of man's inhumanity to man. Hopeful but unflinching in the face of such realities, Howard Ball's book focuses on international efforts to punish perpetrators of genocide and other war crimes. Combining history, politics, and critical analysis, he revisits the killing fields of Cambodia, documents the three-month Hutu "machete genocide" of about 800,000 Tutsi villagers in Rwanda, and casts recent headlines from Kosovo in the light of these other conflicts.Beginning with the 1899 Geneva Accords and the Armenian genocide of World War I, Ball traces efforts to create an institution to judge, punish, and ultimately deter such atrocities--particularly since World War II, since which there have been fourteen cases of genocide. He shows how international military tribunals in Nuremberg and Tokyo set important precedents for international criminal justice, tells what the international community learned from its failure to stop Pol Pot in Cambodia, and describes the ad hoc tribunals convened to address genocide in the Balkans and Rwanda. He then focuses on the establishment of the International Criminal Court with the Treaty of Rome in 1998 and assesses its probable future.The book also analyzes the reluctance of the United States to sanction the ICC, tracing longstanding U.S. reluctance to grant criminal justice jurisdiction to an international prosecutor. Ball examines questions of national sovereignty versus international law and reminds us that although most Americans consider such horrors to be problems of other countries, these are in fact countries in which many of our own citizens have their roots.With its unique focus on the ICC, Prosecuting War Crimes and Genocide is a work of both synthesis and advocacy that combines history and current events to make us more aware of the racist fervor with which these brutalities are carried out, more alert to the euphemisms in which they are cloaked. It forces us to ask not only whether the killing will stop, but whether humanity can prevent future genocides.
The Politics of Education Reform in China's Hong Kong
Education reform has become a highly political issue in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) since the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China (PRC). Lo and Hung focus on the political struggles among stakeholders.
Managing Gender Inequity in Academia
Managing Gender Inequity in Academia is the first book to provide an evidence-based guide for university administrators and faculty interested in building all-important gender equity in public affairs and related programs.
The Ends of Justice
US forces have been engaged around the globe since World War II, and "endless" war has become the backdrop of American life. This militarized status quo is rife with contradiction. The Constitution requires a congressional declaration of war, yet the executive branch routinely acts alone to dispatch forces and launch attacks. The norms of republican self-governance stipulate alignment between popular will and public policy, yet our post-9/11 wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, and elsewhere have proceeded without public support and often despite public opposition. These wars became endless precisely because they lacked declared ends. Like the mythical Cyclops, the United States has embraced perpetual conflict as an end in itself. This is unacceptable, and un-American. Our history and our values demand a national security policy that recognizes the hard-wired human longing for justice as the key to decisions of peace and war. As citizens of a self-governing republic, we must ensure that US wars are fought with discrimination and proportionality, undertaken for legitimate, significant, transparent, and achievable goals, and entered as a last resort in the pursuit of justice.
Governing the Feminist Peace
Winner, 2025 Carole Pateman Gender and Politics Book Prize, Australian Political Studies Association Honorable Mention, 2025 Yale Ferguson Award, International Studies Association - Northeast Winner, 2024 Choice Outstanding Academic Title The Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda is celebrated as a landmark global framework for achieving gender equality in peace and security governance. Its power is visible in two decades of United Nations resolutions, national action plans, regional initiatives, and countless activist, academic, and philanthropic projects. Yet despite this vitality, it is haunted by failure, as a lack of political will and stubborn patriarchal resistance frustrate its promise. This book offers a groundbreaking critical account of the WPS agenda, exploring its evolution in relation to the wider politics of global governance and feminism. Paul Kirby and Laura J. Shepherd argue that WPS is not a settled, cohesive policy but a field in flux, defined and disrupted by a growing number of national, supranational, subnational, and transnational agents who in turn act on an expanding catalogue of threats, from climate change to homophobia, challenging traditional boundaries of peace and security. Kirby and Shepherd reconceptualize WPS as a "policy ecosystem," tracing interaction and contestation around the agenda across levels from the UN Security Council to military alliances to feminist activists. They combine analysis of a vast dataset of policy documents with key informant interviews and close readings of diplomacy, statecraft, the politics of indigeneity, counterinsurgency, antimilitarism, human rights, and the arms trade across the first twenty years of WPS. Far-reaching and incisive, Governing the Feminist Peace poses a provocative question: What if we abandoned the idea of the WPS agenda as a unified political project altogether?
Asian Maritime Strategies
This book is concerned with both the national security concerns of Asian maritime nations and the security of the Asian maritime commons. These are defined as the Pacific and Indian Oceans and associated seas, bays, and gulfs, with their included sea lines of communication (SLOCs). The most useful geographical designation for maritime Asia is the "Indo-Pacific." Bernard Cole provides both a survey of the maritime strategies of the primary nations of the Indo-Pacific region and an evaluation of the domestic and international politics that drive those strategies. The United States, Canada, Russia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, China, the Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Myanmar, India, Pakistan, Iran, the smaller Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf states are all surveyed and analyzed. The United States, Japan, China, and India not surprisingly draw the most attention, given their large modern navies and distant strategic reach. The author concludes that the United States remains the dominant maritime power in this huge region, stretching from Canada to the Persian Gulf, despite its lack of a traditionally strong merchant marine. U.S. maritime power remains paramount, due primarily to its dominant navy. The Chinese naval modernization program deservedly receives a good deal of public attention, but Cole argues that on a day-to-day basis the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force, as its navy is named, is the most powerful maritime force in Far Eastern waters, while the modernizing Indian Navy potentially dominates the Indian Ocean. In fact, a focus of this work is the exemplary description of all the region's navies, with the author noting the naval arms race that is underway, particularly in the area of submarine acquisition. Cole is careful to couch this phenomenon in the regional concerns about Chinese naval expansion and the desire to ensure a continued, massive U.S. naval presence. The current naval developments in the region evince elements of a naval arms race, but lack the coherent maritime strategies to make naval developments dangerous to regional peace and security. Most telling will be whether United States power and focus remain on the region, while adjusting to continued Chinese maritime power in a way acceptable to both nations. No other current or recent work provides such a complete description of the Indo-Pacific region's navies and maritime strategies, while analyzing the current and future impact of those forces.
