The Secret Guam Study, Second Edition
On February 1, 1975, National Security Adviser Henry A. Kissinger informed the Departments of Defense, Interior, and State that President Gerald R. Ford had decided that the United States "should seek agreement with Guamanian representatives on a commonwealth relationship no less favorable than that which we are negotiating with the Northern Marianas." This presidential decision was based on a year-long classified study by these agencies, which concluded that the national security and defense interests of the United States required that Guam's legitimate complaints about its political status be promptly addressed. Two years later, when President Ford left office in January 1977, this directive remained unimplemented and unknown to Guam's elected officials. This book explores the origin and fate of this important and previously undisclosed study of Guam's political status.
Fisman's Fraud
When pseudoscience, politics & fraud converge.What lengths will ideologically or financially-driven researchers and politicians go to impose their will upon others? Throughout the pandemic we've witnessed a slide from objective clinical research to easily manipulated "real-world" studies to purely fictional simulations completely detached from reality. "Consensus" (aka groupthink) quickly replaced scientific scrutiny and civil discourse plummeted. It became difficult to decipher scientific recommendations from political talking points. On April 25, 2022 a very dangerous line was crossed. Leaders in the Canadian research and medical community rubber-stamped a clearly fraudulent study. Its overarching purpose: to use "science" to justify discrimination, sow hatred and reinterpret the notion of inalienable rights.Within hours of the study's official publication, dozens of articles in top national papers flooded Canada warning of the dire risk of merely hanging out with unvaccinated people - selfish souls who refused to accept the new genetic COVID-19 vaccines. The "unvaccinated" were compared to carriers of syphilis, intoxicated drivers and reckless individuals who had no regard for others. Can't get an operation? Blame the unvaccinated! The "science" says so.But did it? This book examines: The man, the politics and the intent behind the faux study. How researchers concocted results to overwrite reality & scapegoat the unvaccinated. The Establishment's willingness to go along with the fraud.How political ideology fed into the analysis.How the research is being used to swindle Canadians out of their Charter rights & freedoms.An investigative look into Fisman's Precedent-Setting Hate Science"FISMAN'S FRAUD is both a disturbing and an exhilarating read. The book exposes what is effectively a crime scene with various agents complicit in producing fraudulent science that was used by media and the Prime Minister to fuel hatred and societal division. Watteel reveals in precise detail how every system of oversight and accountability, from the University of Toronto to the Ontario Provincial Police failed in their duty to act with integrity. The exhilarating aspect is that the book shines a bright light on those responsible. Watteel names names and calls them out for what they are - morally bankrupt. Fisman's Fraud gives hope that by exposing the fraud justice may prevail and civility restored to this Nation." - Ted Kuntz, President Vaccine Choice Canada"FISMAN'S FRAUD is a must read that slices through the layers of lost integrity, accountability and responsibility to reveal the greatest deception of our time." - Vincent A Gircys, Veteran Police Constable, Ontario Provincial Police - Forensic Collision Reconstructionist
China’s Rise in the Global South
As China and the U.S. increasingly compete for power in key areas of U.S. influence, great power conflict looms. Yet few studies have looked to the Middle East and Africa, regions of major political, economic, and military importance for both China and the U.S., to theorize how China competes in a changing world system. China's Rise in the Global South examines China's behavior as a rising power in two key Global South regions, the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa. Dawn C. Murphy, drawing on extensive fieldwork and hundreds of interviews, compares and analyzes thirty years of China's interactions with these regions across a range of functional areas: political, economic, foreign aid, and military. From the Belt and Road initiative to the founding of new cooperation forums and special envoys, China's Rise in the Global South offers an in-depth look at China's foreign policy approach to the countries it considers its partners in South-South cooperation. Intervening in the emerging debate between liberals and realists about China's future as a great power, Murphy contends that China is constructing an alternate international order to interact with these regions, and this book provides policymakers and scholars of international relations with the tools to analyze it.
The War for Muddy Waters
Historically, operations and studies regarding maritime security focus on individual threats (e.g., piracy, terrorism, narcotics) and individual measures to target them (e.g., counterpiracy, counterterrorism, counternarcotics). This book explores, for the first time, an overall strategy for maritime security, integrating these issues into a single framework. Tallis argues that as maritime security threats rise in sophistication, it will be increasingly appealing to apply military resources to counter them. Military tactics, however, may not be the ideal mechanisms for addressing challenges that are often closer to crime than to war. Leveraging the sea services' capabilities without overly militarizing maritime security is a complicated problem that requires a more strategic and partner-oriented approach to the challenge. At stake, in Tallis' estimation, is the war for tomorrow's most important communities, their human security, and the muddy waters on which they and the global system rely.
Asian Maritime Strategies
This book is concerned with both the national security concerns of Asian maritime nations and the security of the Asian maritime commons. These are defined as the Pacific and Indian Oceans and associated seas, bays, and gulfs, with their included sea lines of communication (SLOCs). The most useful geographical designation for maritime Asia is the "Indo-Pacific." Bernard Cole provides both a survey of the maritime strategies of the primary nations of the Indo-Pacific region and an evaluation of the domestic and international politics that drive those strategies. The United States, Canada, Russia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, China, the Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Myanmar, India, Pakistan, Iran, the smaller Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf states are all surveyed and analyzed. The United States, Japan, China, and India not surprisingly draw the most attention, given their large modern navies and distant strategic reach. The author concludes that the United States remains the dominant maritime power in this huge region, stretching from Canada to the Persian Gulf, despite its lack of a traditionally strong merchant marine. U.S. maritime power remains paramount, due primarily to its dominant navy. The Chinese naval modernization program deservedly receives a good deal of public attention, but Cole argues that on a day-to-day basis the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force, as its navy is named, is the most powerful maritime force in Far Eastern waters, while the modernizing Indian Navy potentially dominates the Indian Ocean. In fact, a focus of this work is the exemplary description of all the region's navies, with the author noting the naval arms race that is underway, particularly in the area of submarine acquisition. Cole is careful to couch this phenomenon in the regional concerns about Chinese naval expansion and the desire to ensure a continued, massive U.S. naval presence. The current naval developments in the region evince elements of a naval arms race, but lack the coherent maritime strategies to make naval developments dangerous to regional peace and security. Most telling will be whether United States power and focus remain on the region, while adjusting to continued Chinese maritime power in a way acceptable to both nations. No other current or recent work provides such a complete description of the Indo-Pacific region's navies and maritime strategies, while analyzing the current and future impact of those forces.
China's Quest for Great Power
This book examines China's national security strategy by looking at the three major elements-foreign policy, energy security, and naval power-all interactive and major influences on China's future and its relations with the United States. A decade and a half into the twenty-first century, Beijing requires reliable access to energy resources, the navy to defend that access, and foreign policies to navigate safely toward its goals. Most importantly, the People's Liberation Army-Navy (PLAN) must be able to safeguard China's regional maritime interests, especially the sovereignty disputes involving Taiwan and the Yellow, East China, and South China Seas. Many Chinese naval officers and analysts think the United States is determined to contain China and prevent it from achieving the dominant historical position to which it is entitled. This view has been strengthened by Washington's shift to Asia, transfer of naval units to the Pacific, and the March 2015 Maritime Strategy released by the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. China's relationship with the United States is vital to both countries and to the world. The relationship is based on both common and divergent interests in economics, military operations, and political goals and methods. China's international trading economy and ambition for a world-class navy require effective foreign diplomacy and participation in global affairs. This policy trifecta in large part defines China's posture to the world. Beijing is approximately halfway toward its mid-century goal of deploying a navy capable of defending China's perceived maritime interests. China's priorities follow President Xi Jinping's definition of national security as "comprehensive, encompassing politics, the military, the economy, technology, the environment and culture." What this means for future Chinese foreign policy choices, as naval modernization and energy security concerns enable different courses of action, lies at the center of this book's conclusions.
Governing the Feminist Peace
Winner, 2025 Carole Pateman Gender and Politics Book Prize, Australian Political Studies Association Honorable Mention, 2025 Yale Ferguson Award, International Studies Association - Northeast Winner, 2024 Choice Outstanding Academic Title The Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda is celebrated as a landmark global framework for achieving gender equality in peace and security governance. Its power is visible in two decades of United Nations resolutions, national action plans, regional initiatives, and countless activist, academic, and philanthropic projects. Yet despite this vitality, it is haunted by failure, as a lack of political will and stubborn patriarchal resistance frustrate its promise. This book offers a groundbreaking critical account of the WPS agenda, exploring its evolution in relation to the wider politics of global governance and feminism. Paul Kirby and Laura J. Shepherd argue that WPS is not a settled, cohesive policy but a field in flux, defined and disrupted by a growing number of national, supranational, subnational, and transnational agents who in turn act on an expanding catalogue of threats, from climate change to homophobia, challenging traditional boundaries of peace and security. Kirby and Shepherd reconceptualize WPS as a "policy ecosystem," tracing interaction and contestation around the agenda across levels from the UN Security Council to military alliances to feminist activists. They combine analysis of a vast dataset of policy documents with key informant interviews and close readings of diplomacy, statecraft, the politics of indigeneity, counterinsurgency, antimilitarism, human rights, and the arms trade across the first twenty years of WPS. Far-reaching and incisive, Governing the Feminist Peace poses a provocative question: What if we abandoned the idea of the WPS agenda as a unified political project altogether?
Diplomatic Tradecraft
As universities and governments seek to prepare the next generation of diplomats to manage international affairs, they finally have a teaching tool focusing on the practical knowledge and skills that in the past could be learned only on the job. Edited by Nicholas Kralev, founder of the Washington International Diplomatic Academy, Diplomatic Tradecraft brings together 18 career ambassadors with decades of experience to lift the curtain on a mysterious but vital profession, and to pass on the insights and abilities they gained to those who will succeed them. Beginning with an overview of diplomatic institutions and protocols, the text considers the key attributes of diplomatic communication and negotiation, as well as core specializations including economic, consular and public diplomacy. With compelling narratives, case studies and exercise scenarios, the chapters on various aspects of diplomatic practice form a cohesive and comprehensive volume, written in an accessible and engaging style.
Sipri Yearbook 2023
The SIPRI Yearbook is an authoritative and independent source of data and analysis on armaments, disarmament and international security. It provides an overview of developments in international security, weapons and technology, military expenditure, arms production and the arms trade, and armed conflicts and conflict management, as well as efforts to control conventional, nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. This 54th edition of the SIPRI Yearbook covers developments during 2022, including USBLArmed conflict and conflict management, with an overview of global and regional trends in armed conflicts, peace processes and peace operations, as well as a focus on the role of private military and security companiesBEUEUSBLThe war in Ukraine, including its impact on military spending and European arms control, the role of space and cyber domains, and efforts to impose international trade restrictions on RussiaBEUEUSBLMilitary expenditure, international arms transfers and developments in arms productionBEUEUSBLWorld nuclear forces, with an overview of each of the nine nuclear-armed states and their nuclear modernization programmesBEUEUSBLNuclear arms control, featuring developments in the Russian-United States strategic dialogue and multilateral nuclear arms control and disarmament treaties, as well as the response to attacks on Ukrainian nuclear power plantsBEUEUSBLChemical, biological and health security threats, including the investigation of allegations of chemical and biological weapon use and developments in the international legal instruments against chemical and biological warfareBEUEUSBLConventional arms control and regulation of new weapon technologies, with a focus on inhumane weapons and other conventional weapons of humanitarian concern, including efforts to regulate autonomous weapon systemsBEUEUSBLDual use and arms trade controls, including developments in the Arms Trade Treaty, multilateral arms embargoes and export control regimes, and the legal framework of the European Union for such controls.BEUEpIt also contains annexes listing arms control and disarmament agreements, international security cooperation bodies, and key events in 2022./p
Managing Federalism Through Pandemic
Managing Federalism through Pandemic summarizes and analyses multiple policy dimensions of Canada's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and related policy issues from the perspective of Canadian federalism. Contributors address the relative effectiveness of intergovernmental cooperation at the summit level and in policy fields including emergency management, public health, national security, Indigenous Peoples and governments, border governance, crisis communications, fiscal federalism, income security policies (CERB), supply chain resilience, and interacting energy and climate policies.Despite serious policy failures of individual governments, repeated fluctuations in the overall effectiveness of pandemic management, and growing public frustration across provinces and regions, contributors show how processes for intergovernmental cooperation adapted reasonably well to the pandemic's unprecedented stresses, particularly at the outset. The book concludes that, despite individual policy failures, Canada's decentralized approach to policy management often enabled regional adaptation to varied conditions, helped to contain serious policy failures, and contributed to various degrees of policy learning across governments. Managing Federalism through Pandemic reveals how the pandemic exposed structural policy weaknesses which transcend federalism but have significant implications for how governments work together (or don't) to promote the well-being of citizens.
Diplomatic Tradecraft
As universities and governments seek to prepare the next generation of diplomats to manage international affairs, they finally have a teaching tool focusing on the practical knowledge and skills that in the past could be learned only on the job. Edited by Nicholas Kralev, founder of the Washington International Diplomatic Academy, Diplomatic Tradecraft brings together 18 career ambassadors with decades of experience to lift the curtain on a mysterious but vital profession, and to pass on the insights and abilities they gained to those who will succeed them. Beginning with an overview of diplomatic institutions and protocols, the text considers the key attributes of diplomatic communication and negotiation, as well as core specializations including economic, consular and public diplomacy. With compelling narratives, case studies and exercise scenarios, the chapters on various aspects of diplomatic practice form a cohesive and comprehensive volume, written in an accessible and engaging style.
Researching European Security Integration
This book provides new and established researchers with innovative methodologies and research strategies to explore European security integration from a different perspective, challenging traditional theoretical interpretations. It takes a step back from well-established theoretical approaches to the European Union's (EU) Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) to ask more fundamental questions about the core assumptions underpinning research on European security integration. It supports methodological innovations with an analysis of the most significant empirical problems of European security governance, including the war in Ukraine or the role of Russia in European security. In the last chapter, the author offers ideas for new pedagogical approaches to teaching European Studies.
Transitional justice in process
After the fall of the Ben Ali regime in 2011, Tunisia swiftly began dealing with its authoritarian past and initiated a comprehensive transitional justice process, with the Truth and Dignity Commission as its central institution. However, instead of bringing about peace and justice, transitional justice soon became an arena of contention. Through a process lens, the book explores why and how the process evolved, and explains how it relates to the country's political transition. Based on extensive field research in Tunisia and the US, and interviews with a broad range of international stakeholders and decision-makers, this is the first book to comprehensively study the Tunisian transitional justice process. It provides an in-depth analysis of a crucial period, examining the role of justice professionals in different stages, as well as the alliances and frictions between different actor groups that cut across the often-assumed local-international divide.
Rethinking Subsidiarity
This book takes a fresh and interdisciplinary approach to the concept of subsidiarity. While subsidiarity is commonly understood as an organizational principle that assigns competences to the appropriate level within an organization, its application extends beyond politics. This innovative book offers a comprehensive analysis that includes religious and secular perspectives, exploring the relevance of subsidiarity to society, business, law and politics.By bridging the gap between theology, philosophy, political science, law, and history, this volume fills a significant gap in the literature. It reexamines the ideological foundations of subsidiarity within the Catholic social tradition, investigates its practical implications, and questions how it can address the challenges faced by contemporary business environments, particularly issues of social inequity. With a normative and conceptual approach, the book critically reflects on the links between subsidiarity and themes such as responsible business practices, ecological concerns, individual autonomy, and the common good. By exploring the potential of subsidiarity to overcome dichotomies and promote a middle ground between government-based solutions and individual freedom, the volume offers valuable insights and practical solutions.This volume stands out as the first major study dedicated to subsidiarity in society, business, law and politics. Through its multidisciplinary lens, it sheds light on unexplored connections and highlights the role of subsidiarity in fostering ethical and socially responsible behavior. It is an essential resource for researchers, PhD and graduate students, as well as professionals in theology, philosophy, political sciences, law, and history who seek a comprehensive understanding of subsidiarity and its implications for contemporary issues.
The Iran Nuclear Deal
This book delves deep into the complex dynamics surrounding the Iran nuclear deal and its subsequent fracture. In a post-2018 world, following the United States' withdrawal from the 2015 Iran nuclear agreement, this work dissects the ramifications of this geopolitical shift, particularly with respect to Iran's nuclear ambitions. The book's central premise revolves around the idea that Iran's pursuit of nuclear capabilities is intricately tied to its enduring conflicts with Iraq, Israel, and the United States. It argues that the nuclear deal had the potential to quell these conflicts, particularly the long-standing rivalry between Iran and the U.S., thus reshaping Iran's relationships in the Middle East. However, with the U.S. exit from the agreement and its accusations of Iranian sponsorship of terrorism, Iran now perceives a heightened threat, potentially leading it to consider nuclear weapons as a deterrent against a potential war with the U.S. The book challengesconventional international relations paradigms with regards to Iran: realism, which typically predicts all conflicting states will seek nuclear weapons regardless of cooperative arrangements, is shown to ignore the nuanced connection between cooperation and proliferation propensity; and liberalism's emphasis on cooperation is critiqued in this case for overlooking the negative consequences of failed cooperative endeavours. The book highlights the importance of trust and compliance in the success of cooperative agreements, as well as the adverse effects of their breakdown. The work contributes significantly to our understanding of international relations in the Middle East. It draws on an extensive examination of prior research while presenting novel theoretical insights. The detailed case study of Iran's nuclear aspirations before, during, and after the nuclear deal serves as a compelling application of the theoretical framework. Finally, the book provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate web of geopolitics, trust, and cooperation that has shaped the trajectory of Iran's nuclear ambitions. It offers not only theoretical contributions to the field of international relations but also valuable policy insights for managing this critical international issue.
The Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation
This distinctive book deconstructs the foundational elements of Russian foreign policy from a Russian perspective and with references to Russian sources, rather than the typical Western perspective. The author Olga Raluca Chiriac situates her work at the intersection of strategic studies and cognitive psychology, offering an analysis that goes deep into the roots of Russian strategic behavior, especially socio-cultural elements such as attitudes towards the West, language, culture. She highlights Russia's unique decision-making process, sometimes overt and other times covert. The book aims to present a mechanism for analysis in both strategic choices and foreign policy, but it also points out that countries and nations are complicated entities, all having a particular historical experience, generational trauma, culture and traditions.
How Did Japan Accede To The Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention?
CONTENTS I. PREFACEII. BEFORE THE OTTAWA PROCESSA. Background of the Anti-Personnel Landmine ProblemB. Japan's ActionC. The U.S. ActionsIII. OTTAWA PROCESSA. Ottawa Process OverviewB. States as ActorsC. NGO Activities and Multiplicity of ActorsD. THE Role Of The LegislatureE. Brussels Conference (June 24-27, 1997)F. U.S. TrendsIV. OSLO CONFERENCEA. Japan's Official Decision to Participate in the Oslo ConferenceB. Oslo Conference (September 1-18, 1997)C. The U.S. Response (After Oslo Conference)V. THE MOVEMENTS OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCHA. The Movements of The Top of The Executive BranchB. Movement Within The Executive BranchVI. CONSIDERATION REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITYA. A State As A Rational ActorB. National Security (Military) IssuesC. Matters Concerning Japan-US Security FrameworkD. Other Considerations (Humanitarianism/Human Rights, World Public Opinion, etc.)VII. CONCLUSIONBIBLIOGRAPHY
U.S. Indo-Pacific Command
The purpose of this book is to introduce readers to INDOPACOM, which is responsible for U.S. military operations in a region covering approximately 50 percent of the Earth from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean. INDOPACOM has not received much attention in Japan compared to USFJ or the US Seventh Fleet. This book shines a spotlight on INDOPACOM in an effort to promote an understanding of its various aspects. The mission of INDOPACOM is to protect U.S. territory, people, and national interests. However, it also includes protection of the countries within its geographic scope that are U.S. allies and security partners. INDOPACOM and its precursor Pacific Command, established in 1947, have always been major contributors to the peace and safety of Japan in the post-World War II era. In view of the importance of U.S. interests in Northeast Asia, the region also has two Sub-Unified Combatant Commands called United States ForcesJapan (USFJ) and United States Forces Korea (USFK). Each of these organizations strives to strengthen the relationship with the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the Republic of Korea armed forces. Together, the United States, Japan and our partners around the globe will continue to safeguard the rules-based security order that has underpinned peace and prosperity for decades.
Stay Safe
Fear causes people to act in ways they normally wouldn't and fosters prime conditions for becoming a victim. Remove that fear and learn how to proactively create a safe environment for yourself and those you love, whether you're at an ATM machine, in a huge convention hall, on the subway, or in your home or car. As a Chicago Police officer for more than 22 years, author Dr. Ron Rufo encountered almost every type of crime, from armed robbery to snatch-and-grabs to elder abuse-and so many more. In Stay Safe: Be Aware and Prepared at Home, at Work, and on the Street, Ron shares lessons and tools that can help anyone protect themselves and their loved ones in today's world. You'll learn how to spot and prepare for situations that put you at risk of becoming a crime statistic from some of the finest in law-enforcement as well as ordinary citizens who were themselves victims of crimes. Each chapter contains information from actual presentations Ron has given that will empower you to safely and confidently move through your life and keep you from harm every day.
The Lost Peace
The end of the Cold War was an opportunity--our inability to seize it has led to today's renewed era of great power competition "An eloquent and persuasive argument about how the world squandered the promise of the end of the Cold War."--Maria Lipman, Foreign Affairs The year 1989 heralded a unique prospect for an enduring global peace as harsh ideological divisions and conflicts began to be resolved. Now, three decades on, that peace has been lost. With war in Ukraine and increasing tensions between China, Russia, and the West, great power politics once again dominates the world stage. But could it have been different? Richard Sakwa shows how the years before the first mass invasion of Ukraine represented a hiatus in conflict rather than a lasting accord--and how, since then, we have been in a "Second Cold War." Tracing the mistakes on both sides that led to the current crisis, Sakwa considers the resurgence of China and Russia and the disruptions and ambitions of the liberal order that opened up catastrophic new lines of conflict. This is a vital, strongly argued account of how the world lost its chance at peace, and instead saw the return of war in Europe, global rivalries, and nuclear brinksmanship.
Escaping Thucydides's Trap
The book raised the question of how relations between the US and China will unfold is one of the most consequential of the 21st century. In the past decade, perhaps no thinker has had a greater influence on how this question is understood in both the US and China than eminent Harvard scholar Graham Allison, who developed the idea of the Thucydides Trap to warn of the risk of war erupting between a rising power and a ruling power in the power transition process.This book presents a comprehensive collection of Allison's views and writings on US-China relations from 2017 to 2022, covering a range of topics including the balance of power between the two sides, where the relationship is headed, and lessons from history on how conflict can be avoided.The book is presented in an accessible Q&A format and draws on interviews, articles, and reports, as well as dialogues between Professor Allisonand Dr. Huiyao Wang from the Center for China and Globalization (CCG), a non-governmental think tank based in Beijing. The book also includes an introduction and afterword by Dr. Huiyao Wang, CCG president and editor of this volume.
Democracy and Reconciliation in Nicaragua, a Critical Assessment
This hearing offers a critical assessment of the state of democracy and reconciliation in Nicaragua in the early 1990s. Experts in the field testify and answer questions from the subcommittee, shedding light on this important issue.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Treaty of Peace Between the Allied and Associated Powers and Bulgaria and Protocol. Signed at Neuilly-sur-Seine, November 27, 1919
This treaty marked the end of World War I for Bulgaria, one of the Central Powers. The treaty includes provisions for territorial adjustments, war reparations, and the demilitarization of Bulgaria. This document is a valuable resource for historians and students of international relations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Guide to Local Government Finance
A comprehensive guide to the financial workings of local government in Montana, updated for 1976. Includes detailed information on budgeting, taxation, and the legal and regulatory framework.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Manual of Peace
Written during the height of the American Civil War, this book is an impassioned plea for peace and an end to the hostilities that were tearing the country apart. The author examines the causes and consequences of war, and proposes a number of remedies for its many evils.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Democracy and Africanness
This book examines the governance and democratization process in Africa, its history, trends, and prospects. Written by a diverse panel of experts, the book provides an intersectional and interdisciplinary analysis of Africa's democratic environment. Chapters cover topics such as the evolution of democracy in Africa, electoral politics, gender, activism, human rights, and cultural diversity. Critically assessing the fit of democracy for African countries and offering strategies for the Africanization of democracy, this volume will be important for researchers and students interested in African politics, postcolonial theory, democracy, and governance.
Democracy and Political Governance in South Africa
This book presents a holistic perspective and analysis of democratic practice, processes, and governance in South Africa. It examines the development in the South African governing system and its response to the challenges of the crisis of governance under the influence of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). While doing so, the book's central objective is to examine the progress of the South African government in strengthening democracy and political governance. Each of the contributions follows a similar structure and addresses the following thematic issues: (1) Assessment of the implementation of the core APRM-related programs; (2) Identification of areas of excellence and prognosis for further improvement; (3) Identification of the weak areas of each and how to make the future implementation better, (4) Identification areas to improve democracy and political governance. A self-assessment strategy initiated by the African Union (AU) in 2002 and adoptedin 2003, the APRM is a voluntary mechanism adopted by countries in the African continent to improve governance in general. As a specialized AU agency, APRM monitors the peer review activities of each African country. It serves as a tool for sharing experiences, reinforcing best practices, identifying deficiencies, and assessing capacity-building needs to foster policies, standards, and practices that lead to political stability, high economic growth, sustainable development, and accelerated sub-regional and continental economic integration. This book will be useful for and appeal to scholars and researchers in political science, public administration, and the social sciences in general, as well as policy-makers interested in a better understanding of democratic practice and processes, governance, public policy, and the African Peer Review Mechanism.
The NATO Summit and the Future of European Security
This document contains the transcript of a hearing held by the US Congress on the topic of the NATO summit and its implications for European security. Witnesses from the State Department and Department of Defense testified before the Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Institute of Pacific Relations. Report
This important report provides a detailed analysis of the work of the Institute of Pacific Relations, a key organization involved in promoting international cooperation and understanding in the Asia-Pacific region. The report includes an overview of the organization's history and mission, as well as a detailed analysis of its activities and impact. This is an essential read for anyone with an interest in international relations and the history of diplomacy in the region.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Future of the South African Political Economy Post-Covid 19
This book examines the COVID-19 pandemic through socioeconomic lens that draw on history, approaches to state-market relations, and public policy perspectives In 2020, the world experienced the worst pandemic since the outbreak of the Spanish Flu of 1918, which continues to have far[1]reaching implications for the global economy and triggered macro-economic dislocations that severely affected the most vulnerable countries and segments of society. This book was conceived as a response to the disruptive shifts induced by the pandemic, with a particular focus on South Africa. International experience has shown that countries and societies that have gone through tough economic times, either as a consequence of wars or economic depressions, have responded to crises by enacting unpopular policy measures based on difficult tradeoffs, which often made way for innovation. The authors outline policy responses to the COVID-19 crisis and propose several interventions to mitigate its effects. These include developing innovative approaches to fiscal and monetary policies, labour market policies, industrial policies, as well as social policies. Building state capabilities, improving the governance and performance of state institutions, and managing digital change are some of the clear policy interventions that are laid out in this book.
Islamic Fundamentalism and Islamic Radicalism
These transcripts capture a pivotal moment in U.S. foreign policy, as policymakers attempt to navigate the rise of Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East. Featuring testimony from experts and government officials, this book provides an in-depth look into the origins and consequences of this phenomenon.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Shorter Catechism Explained by Way of Question and Answer ..
This classic work provides a reformed approach to studying the Christian faith. Offering a comprehensive summary of the Westminster Shorter Catechism, the authors provide detailed answers to questions posed. As such, this book is an excellent resource for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of Reformed theology and the Christian faith more broadly.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
U.S. Policy Toward Vietnam
This hearing examines US policy towards Vietnam, and explores the challenges and opportunities presented by this vital Southeast Asian nation. Through testimonies and discussions among various experts, the hearing provides a comprehensive analysis of US interests in the region, and potential paths forward for US-Vietnam relations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Reactions to "Die Schildbuerger" - a pre Released Study of a USIS Film
This fascinating study examines the reactions of German audiences to Die Schildbuerger, a film produced by the United States Information Service (USIS) during the Cold War. Drawing on a wealth of primary sources including surveys, interviews, and press clippings, this book sheds new light on the complex relationship between cultural diplomacy and political propaganda.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Mindful Balance
The Concept of Inner PeaceIn today's fast-paced and demanding world, finding inner peace seems like an elusive goal. We are constantly juggling multiple responsibilities, striving for success, and trying to keep up with the ever-increasing demands of our personal and professional lives. However, amidst this chaos, there exists a concept that can bring solace and tranquility into our lives - the concept of inner peace.Inner peace is not just a state of mind; it is a way of life. It is the ability to maintain a sense of calm and harmony within ourselves, regardless of external circumstances. It is about finding a balance between our work and personal life and nurturing our mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being.In the modern world, where the lines between work and life are often blurred, achieving inner peace becomes even more crucial. Balancing work and life is essential for our overall well-being and happiness. When we are constantly overwhelmed by the demands of work, it can take a toll on our mental and physical health, leading to stress, anxiety, and burnout. On the other hand, neglecting our work responsibilities can lead to feelings of guilt and dissatisfaction.To achieve inner peace, we need to create a mindful balance between our work and life. This involves setting clear boundaries, prioritizing self-care, and cultivating healthy habits. It means learning to say no when necessary, delegating tasks, and seeking support when needed. It also means making time for activities that bring us joy and nourish our soul, such as spending time with loved ones, pursuing hobbies, or simply taking a moment to connect with nature.Finding inner peace also requires a deep understanding of ourselves and our values. It involves exploring our beliefs, desires, and fears, and aligning our actions with our truest selves. It means letting go of attachments and expectations and embracing the present moment fully. Inner peace is not about achieving a state of perpetual happiness; it is about accepting theinevitable ups and downs of life with grace and equanimity.
The Neutrality of the American Lakes and Anglo-American Relations
This book is an insightful analysis of the neutrality of the American lakes and its impact on Anglo-American relations. The book covers various incidents that took place and how they affected the relations between the two countries. It is an important read for anyone interested in American History and the intricacies of international relations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Apostle of Peace
This memoir chronicles the life and work of William Ladd, a Quaker activist who devoted his life to promoting peace and social justice. Ladd played a key role in the establishment of international peace movements and was a vocal advocate for the abolition of slavery. This book offers a fascinating insight into the life of one of America's most important social reformers.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Middle East Overview and U.S. Assistance to the Palestinians
This book provides a transcript of a congressional hearing on US assistance to the Palestinians in 1995. The hearing covers a range of topics related to the Middle East, including the peace process, terrorism, and aid to Israel. It includes testimony from a variety of experts and policymakers, and offers insights into US foreign policy in the region.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Bureaucracy; or, A Civil Service Reformer
A critical examination of the bureaucracy and civil service systems in Western democracies, and a call for bureaucratic reform and renewal.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Stoning the Devil of War in Sudan
Have you ever wondered what lies beneath the surface of political turmoil and recurrent conflicts in Africa and elsewhere? Amid the seemingly abrupt armed conflict in Khartoum in 2023, the question on everyone's mind was, "What's going on there?" The question was posed time and again whenever an armed conflict erupted somewhere in the World. This timely publication provides the answer. Immerse yourself in the thought-provoking pages of "Stoning the Devil of War in Sudan, " an African non-fiction political book that brings a unique perspective, setting it apart from typical armed conflict narratives. It delves deep into the sociopolitical, sociocultural, and socioeconomic undercurrents that brew the armed conflicts but often escape mainstream media coverage, making it a must-read for those who enjoy sociology books and books on cultures in transformation.This book aims to break the cycle of endless conflict by providing logical and chronological analyses to unravel the intricacies, solve the riddles, and reverse the cycles of Sudan's history of political instability and armed conflicts. Stoning the Devil pursues a therapy for Sudan's tribulation in the broader Pan-African journey to self-realization. The book provides contextually-relevant case studies from Angola, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, and South Sudan to chart a path out of war for Sudan.The book proposes practical solutions for securing political stability, fostering socioeconomic development, reforming the security sector, normalizing foreign relations, delivering transitional justice, rebuilding social infrastructure, and transforming the education system. This book is a valuable addition to the collection of the African non-fiction library, offering a structured roadmap to transition Sudan into a resilient peace and social cohesion.For readers seeking a unique blend of conflict books and books on roadmaps to resolutions, "Stoning the Devil of War in Sudan" is an indispensable copy in your library.This book represents a paradigm shift in war and peace dynamics in Africa and beyond in that it offers a fresh model for conflict resolution by not targeting the flames but the fire-burning faculties that keep igniting them.
The Lithuanian-Polish Dispute; Correspondence Between the Council of the League of Nations and the Lithuanian Government Since the Second Assembly of the League of Nations, 15th December, 1921-17th Ju
Uncover the diplomatic dispute between Lithuania and Poland from the early 20th century. Based on correspondence between the League of Nations and the Lithuanian government, this account provides valuable insights into the complex political climate of the time.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
USDA, Does it Work or Waste?
This hearing examines the effectiveness and efficiency of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) in carrying out its various programs and initiatives. Through testimonies from USDA officials and outside experts, the hearing discusses the successes and shortcomings of the USDA, and explores potential areas for improvement and reform.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
U.S. Policy Toward Iraq 3 Years After the Gulf War
This hearing explores US policy towards Iraq three years after the Gulf War, and how this policy fits into the larger geopolitical landscape of the Middle East. Testimonies and discussions among various experts provide a comprehensive analysis of US interests in the region, and the challenges and opportunities presented by Iraq.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Iraq's Nuclear Weapons Capability and IAEA Inspections in Iraq
This joint congressional hearing from 1991 covers the topics of Iraq's nuclear weapons capabilities and the International Atomic Energy Agency's inspection regime in Iraq. The hearing includes testimony from government officials, experts, and academics, and provides a detailed overview of the complicated geopolitical situation in the region. A valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of the Middle East and the politics of nuclear proliferation.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Coalitions Presidents Make
In The Coalitions Presidents Make, Marcus Mietzner explains how Indonesia has turned its volatile post-authoritarian presidential system into one of the world's most stable. He argues that since 2004, Indonesian presidents have deployed nuanced strategies of coalition building to consolidate their authority and these coalitions are responsible for the regime stability in place today. In building coalitions, Indonesian presidents have looked beyond parties and parliament--the traditional partners of presidents in most other countries. In Indonesia, actors such as the military, the police, the bureaucracy, local governments, oligarchs, and Muslim groups are integrated into presidential coalitions by giving them the same status as parties and parliament. But while this inclusiveness has made Indonesia's presidential system extraordinarily durable, it has also caused democratic decline. In order to secure the stability of their coalitions, presidents must observe the vested interests of each member when making policy decisions. The Coalitions Presidents Make details the process through which presidents balance their own powers and interests with those of their partners, encouraging patronage-oriented collaboration and disincentivizing confrontation.
U.S. Policy in Somalia
This book presents the hearings on US policy in Somalia before the Committee on Foreign Relations of the United States Senate in 1993. It explores the challenges and strategies involved in stabilizing a war-torn country and the lessons learned from the experience. The book is a valuable resource for policy-makers and researchers interested in US foreign policy in Africa.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
League of Nations
This document contains the official American draft of the Covenant of the League of Nations, as well as the report of the Commission of the League of Nations. It provides an important glimpse into the negotiations and debates that shaped one of the most significant international organizations in modern history. Essential reading for anyone interested in the League of Nations and its legacy.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Tale of Two Unions
Brexit is a tale of two unions, not one: the British and the European unions. Their origins are different, but both struggle to maintain unity in diversity and both have to face the challenge of populism and claims of democratic deficit.Mark Corner suggests that the 罈four nations竄 that make up the UK can only survive as part of a single nation-state, if the country looks more sympathetically at the very European structures from which it has chosen to detach itself. This study addresses both academic and lay audiences interested in the current situation of the UK, particularly the strains raised by devolution and Brexit.
