Authoritarianism and Kurdish Alternative Politics
Latif Tas investigates the triangular relationship between nationalism, justice and gender politics to explore how influencing this dynamic allows authoritarian rulers to stay in power for longer and justify their actions for monopolising power. Based on ethnographic research in Turkey, Syria, and Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as Kurdish diasporas in Europe, the book examines how communities challenge existing state power, authoritarianism and control. It focuses on alternative legal and political practices established by the PKK (Kurdistan Worker's Party) such as local policing, informal judicial mechanisms and taxing, and shows how this divergence from state-led systems forges a sense of community among Kurds and creates a de-facto parallel state. It pays particular attention to the Kurdish political movement's success in achieving its aim of redressing gender-based injustices to create an equal society.
The Handbook of Homeland Security
The Handbooks of Homeland Security Handbook is a convenient, one-stop reference and guide to the latest regulations and developments in all things relevant to the homeland security and defense domain.The book is divided into five parts and addresses such critical areas of as countering terrorism, critical infrastructure protection, information and cybersecurity, military and private sector support for Homeland Security, risk assessment, and preparedness for all-hazards and evolving threats. In total, more than 100 chapters outline the latest developments in homeland security policies, directives, and mandates as well as emergent threats and topical considerations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its stake-holders. The diverse array of chapter topics covered--contributed to by dozens of top experts in the field--provides a useful and important resource for any student, professional, researcher, policy-maker, or library in understanding the domestic initiatives of public-sector Homeland Security entities and their responsibilities in the current global environment.
Indo-Pacific Security: Us-China Rivalry and Regional States' Responses
Following the 2008 Beijing Olympics and Global Financial Crisis, China's foreign policy shifted to become more assertive, effecting a systematic deterioration in the US-China relationship. In 2017, the US' China policy shifted from that of 'engagement' to 'strategic competition' under Trump -- a policy which has remained under the Biden administration.Indo-Pacific Security: US-China Rivalry and Regional States' Responses explores how states in the Indo-Pacific region have had to adjust to the reality and implications of this growing great power rivalry. In the process, this book fills a gap in the area studies, international relations, and security studies literature. It provides a compelling account of the trajectory of US-China relations while illuminating the varied responses of regional states: from Australia, India and Japan, to South Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, and Pacific Island states.
Power, Perception, and Politics in the Making of Iranian Grand Strategy
This book explains changes to Iranian grand strategy over the past four decades, and it does so by advancing a multicausal model that unifies the three main paradigms of International Relations (IR) theory. Hence, ideas (constructivism) mediate between the structure of material capabilities (realism) and agents (liberalism) and interact with each to produce, respectively, threat perception and political preferences. Using these two explanatory factors, the author demonstrates how the Islamic Republic's grand strategy has systematically varied over time to produce a mix of outcomes that includes balancing, expansionism, bandwagoning, appeasement, engagement and retrenchment. Beyond its theoretical contribution, this book is policy-relevant in that it explains - and predicts - the external conduct of what is arguably the Middle East's most consequential actor, with implications reverberating far beyond the region. Academic in conception and rigor, the book is intended not only for specialists and practitioners but appeals to the lay reader interested in the broader Middle East/West Asia, the region's relationship with major powers, and regional conflict dynamics.
Creole Language, Democracy, and the Illegible State in Cabo Verde
Creole Language, Democracy, and the Illegible State in Cabo Verde uses Cabo Verde as a case study to critically examine the language and politics nexus in a small Creole island state. The current sociolinguistic condition of the country is that of diglossia, whereby Portuguese assumes the language of power, prestige, and high culture at the expense of the mother tongue of its citizens, the Cabo Verdean language, locally known as Kriolu. The postcolonial diglossic language policy stands on both domestic and international factors. Thus, Abel Djassi Amado explores the country's language policy history since colonial times and discusses how Portugal's diplomacy grounded on language spread policy has significantly contributed to the secondarization of the mother tongue. The ultimate consequence of the current sociolinguistic situation is the development and crystallization of the illegible state as a large segment of the population cannot comprehend the processes, operations, and procedures of power carried out in a language they do not understand. The illegible state has grave consequences on political participation and the overall quality of democracy.
Lived Experience of COVID-19 Pandemic by the Non-indigene in Nigeria
Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject Politics - Region: Africa, language: English, abstract: What is the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents in Okada community towards the lived experiences during covid-19 pandemic? What were the challenges of lived experience by non-indigene during the COVID -19 pandemic in Okada Community, Ovia North East LGA, Edo State, Nigeria? What were the coping strategies adopted by non-indigene in Okada community, Ovia North East LGA, Edo State during covid-19? The 2019 new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a serious global public health issue. Nearly all nations have seen the virus spread since it was initially identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Over 144 million cases had been documented globally as of March 3, 2021, with 3.07 million fatalities, or a case-fatality rate of 2.12% (WHO, 2021). The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 is much more widespread than previous outbreaks of coronaviruses like the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested a number of control measures based on the COVID-19 virus's known mechanism of transmission, including the use of masks, regular handwashing, social isolation, and lockdowns, to lessen the likelihood that people would spread the virus to one another (WHO, 2020). These preventive interventions are effective, according to the evidence currently available. Although various vaccines have lately been found and are in use, no effective medications have yet been found.
Russia and the Future of Europe
This book sheds light on how Member States and EU neighbours relate to Russia. It includes their historical, financial and political ties, as well as the public perception of the national population vis-?-vis Russia. Each chapter builds on these factors to elucidate the country's position towards Russia and provides a prediction on the future of these relations. This volume shows the diverse relations that the EU member states and neighbours have with Russia, spanning from tense and confrontational to more eased and friendly, highlighting the contrasts between the national state and the EU as a whole. The book also presents the reader with concrete aspects in different policy areas, via recommendations on how single countries and the EU should deal with Russia. Russia's invasion of Ukraine on 24th February 2022will change the relationship between the West and Putin's Russia for decades to come. No doubt that this blatant violation of International Law and the incomprehensible human suffering of Ukrainian citizens will massively change the attitude of the countries analysed in this book.
Mimi ni Shehe Mujib
Mwandishi huyu tajika na mtunzi, Anisur Rahman, ameandaa kazi bora ya Mimi ni Shehe Mujib: Uzungumzi Nafsi wa Kiutendi. Kazi hiyo ilinivutia kwa sababu ya ufaafu wa matukio halisi katika nchi ya Kenya yanayoshughulikiwa na mwandishi: masuala ya kijamii na kisiasa, siasa za lugha na ukiukaji wa haki za kibinadamu.
Sinking into the Honey Trap
Sinking into the Honey Trap: The Case of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict describes how Israeli society has positioned itself in the comfort zone, ignoring the reality in which it exists. It is about the story leaders tell us and is accepted by most people. This story shapes the consciousness of Israeli Jewish society by presenting half truths about the past, hiding the present and describing a deceptive vision for the future. Sinking into the Honey Trap explains the mechanisms that allow Israelis to ignore reality and to live in a situation that prolongs the conflict with the Palestinians and postpones the solution to an unseen future with ongoing violence. The book describes the political forces that have driven Israel to advance the occupation, settling Jews on the West Bank, outside of Israel's internationally recognized borders. Israeli society is paying a heavy price for the continuation of the conflict - not only in loss of life, emotional health problems and economic costs, but also in the deterioration of democracy and morality that accelerates the development of an authoritarian regime characterized by extreme nationalism and intense religiosity. This process has also occurred in other locations engulfed in intractable conflict, including Turkey, Russia, India, and Rwanda. In these cases, societies have been sinking into the honey trap. Daniel Bar-Tal is Professor Emeritus at the School of Education, Tel Aviv University. His research interest is in political and social psychology studying socio-psychological foundations of intractable conflicts and peace building. His most influential theoretical contribution is the development of a systematic and holistic theory of the dynamics of interethnic bloody and lasting conflicts: how they erupt, escalate and possibly de-escalate, are resolved peacefully and even reconciled. In addition, he is an authority on the Israeli-Arab/Palestinian conflict, suggesting a comprehensive interdisciplinary analysis of its foundation, continuation and maintenance. He has published over twenty-five books and over two hundred and fifty articles and chapters in major social and political psychological journals, books and encyclopedias. He served as a President of the International Society of Political Psychology and received numerous awards for his academic achievements.
Turning the Tables
Daniel Burstein, bestselling author of Yen! And Euroquake, returns with strategy and advice for dealing with Japan that could completely reshape the understanding of the US-Japan relationship. Feeling defeated for years, America's fear of Japan subsided when the Tokyo stock market crashed and the Japanese economic bubble burst. As a result, it became fashionable to dismiss Japan as a threat. In the pages of Turning the Tables, global business expert Daniel Burstein warns readers that if Americans ignore Japan, they will be ill-prepared for a Japanese economy that returns leaner, meaner, and more competitive than ever. Burstein shares advice and strategy on forming a partnership with Japan that could catapult the United States into a position of global leadership in the borderless economy that the world has come to know.
The Final Kingdom
Pyotr Volkov (born in Uruguay as Diego Daniel Garc穩a), is an anthropologist and historian with a special interest in past and current events related to the great history of Slavdom and Orthodox Christianity. For an entire decade, he worked to create an ambitious book in which Orthodox Christianity is put at the center of all political, economical, philosophical, and anthropological considerations which shape our modern world. In this very encompassing book, the author provides the reader with special tools to reach an almost impossible task: a holistic Meta-ideology (Normativism), being characterized by comprehension of the parts of reality as intimately interconnected to the grand whole of the divine and earthly, the spiritual and material opposites. The long journey expressed through this book goes all the way from ancient religions, the developing of Christian Orthodoxy, and contemporary philosophers like the polemical Russian thinker Aleksandr Dugin, whose provocative Fourth Political Theory is an invitation for the creation of new alternatives in the path to human salvation through civilizational redemption.Through the results of his research, Volkov made clear that this work is by no way just a political and theological manifesto, but more like his final political and theological testament and a clear warning to present and future generations about the grim future provided by liberal civilization and deviation from the immortal teachings of the Holy Fathers. In addition, Volkov proposes bold planning to safeguard the great legacy of what Guillaume Faye called "Euro-Siberia" a new geopolitical paradigm different from both Eurasianism and Atlanticism, thus an opportunity for Christian Orthodoxy to overcome its great challenges.
Soviet Power
From Simon & Schuster, Soviet Power is Jonathan Steele's exploration on the Kremlin's foreign policy from Brezhnev to Chernenko. This analysis points to a pattern of thwarted strategy and failed objectives, which has weakened the influence of the Soviet Union even while its military power has grown, but warns that the United States frequently misunderstands Soviet intentions and capabilities.
India-Mongolia Relations
India has emerged as a confident and engaging partner in international arena, metamorphosing from the image of a reluctant power in the late 20th century, reflecting a realization by its polity of the potential and benefits of such engagements in India's larger interests. While tons of literature delve on India's relations with the west, far and near, scholarly studies relating to the Far East or Greater Central Asia, however remain limited. This book attempts bridge this gap. Drawing on broad range of schools of thoughts and a number of different approaches, it presents the learned views of scholars applying a variety of methodological techniques. While keeping Mongolia at the centre of interest, the scholarly approaches look at India's Look East and Look North Policies, Mongolia's relations with Russia, the Third Neighbour Dilemma, USA-Mongolia relations, and India-Tajik relations, including the play of soft power in international relations.
Understanding War and Peace
Written for undergraduate students studying the politics of conflict and cooperation, Understanding War and Peace considers the roots of global conflicts and the various means used to resolve them. Edited by Dan Reiter with contributing authors who are all leading scholars in the field, it balances approachable, engaging writing with a conceptually rigorous overview of the most important ideas in conflict studies. Focusing on concepts, policy, and historical applications, the text minimizes literature reviews and technical jargon to engagingly present all major topics in international conflict, including nuclear weapons, peacekeeping, terrorism, gender, alliances, nuclear weapons, environment and conflict, civil wars, public opinion. Enriching the textbook pedagogy, each chapter concludes with a summary of a published quantitative study to introduce students with no prior quantitative training to quantitative analysis. Online resources for instructors include an instructor manual, a test bank and contemporary case studies for each chapter topic regarding the conflict in Ukraine.
Changing Facets of Indo-Russian Strategic Relations
The present book deals with changing trajectories of Indo-Russian Strategic relations. Its basic feature has undergone a paradigm shift but its salient character still remains the same. On the contrary, the character of its relationship has grown in strength for last seven and half decades after India's Independence. The book has Seven Chapters in all, starting with Introduction, Second and the Third Chapter cover the period of Cold War era and new economic reforms that ushered in 1989. The fourth and the Fifth chapter of the book underlines the features of post cold war era and change in International World Order. The Sixth chapter of the book provides new narratives on Indo-Russian Security Environment and strategic collaborations in the defence sector. The Seventh chapter of the book makes interesting observations and shift in India's independent stand in the wake of Russian Ukraine War. The remarkable feature of India has been that despite pressures from emergent super powers, it has continued to maintain its neutral position much to the advantage of its distinct strategic position in ever changing world order.
ASEAN Maritime Security
This book covers various strategic issues around maritime security in terms of how Indonesia has sought to implement its Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF) vision, evaluating its regional impact within ASEAN. The Global Maritime Fulcrum' vision was declared by President Joko Widodo to refocus Indonesia's development paradigm to prioritize its maritime aspect in the Indo-Pacific. Divided across five pillars, namely: maritime culture, maritime resource management, maritime infrastructure and connectivity development, maritime diplomacy and maritime defense, the book presents that the implementation of this vision will doubtless have a significant regional impact, particularly in setting regional maritime agendas. In promoting an understanding of the challenges presented in implementing the Global Maritime Fulcrum, and unpacking its multifaceted impact in the region, this book delves into Indonesia's maritime vision, the existing maritime arrangementswithin ASEAN, and Indonesia's interests in terms of its political economy relating to the maritime sector, strategic security issues, maritime diplomacy, and related regional power dynamics. Translated from Bahasa Indonesia into English, the book is relevant to scholars and policymakers in maritime studies, international relations, and regional studies relating to politics and power dynamics in Indonesia, specifically, and ASEAN more broadly.
Africa Between Progress and Hope
Talented political scientist, M Amphas Mampoua exposes unexpected reality of hopeless continent that has transformed to a continent of hope with wealth that fascinates us Its subsoil is full of natural resources which makes Africa rich everywhere, preventing the continent from seeking foreign funding when well managed. Today, the continent is overcoming the problems of civil wars, genocide and famine in which Ethiopia faced during the year 1984-1985.At the same time, there are signs of reasonable governance and the consolidation of democracy. In each region of Africa, elections took place with both the participation of government and opposition. The continent is on the right track with encouraging economic growth, and it will become competitive as Asia and Europe. Still, job creation strategies have yet to be put in place to absorb youth unemployment. M Amphas Mampoua also shows how debt forgiveness of Africa will stimulate competitive market. Africa today has become a continent of poverty because its foreign debt is larger than its export income. M Amphas Mampoua is convinced that the approach of accelerated industrialization will turn Africa into an engine of powerful economy. Amphas Mampoua is a professor of Political Science and International Relations at the American University for Leaders in London. He specializes in Comparative Politics with issues such as governance, democracy and civil wars in Africa. Also, his research explores security issues in Europe and US. He has published widely and his books include: Political Transformations of the Congo, The United States, Russia and European Security.
All She Lost
Lebanese journalist Dalal Mawad investigates the modern history of Lebanon from the port explosion and civil war to the role of Hezbollah and Israel - and weaves an extraordinary story of survival, corruption and impunity through the stories of the women who survive'Poignant and compelling' - Lindsey Hilsum'Essential and urgent' - Kim Ghattas Lebanon and the Middle East is in crisis. For this extraordinary book, journalist Dalal Mawad conducted a series of searing interviews with women in Lebanon - weaving an extraordinary story of survival, corruption and impunity. She begins with a huge explosion in the heart of Beirut that killed hundreds of people - it was the apocalypse of a sequence of events that have led to Lebanon's unprecedented collapse. Award-winning journalist Dalal Mawad was in Lebanon when the blast happened, and was one of the first journalists to report on the mysterious and devastating explosion. During her reporting, she discovered something else - that it is the women who stay behind, and it is through their stories that the history of the Middle East must be re-constructed. She set out to record the stories of those she met, the women long discriminated against, and those whose stories are untold. She spoke to mothers who lost their children, spouses who lost their partners, refugee women who have fled from the war in Syria - and who now find themselves in another failing state. We hear from the Lebanese grandmother, bankrupted by the small nation's collapse, who remembers Beirut's glory days of the 1960s - when the likes of Brigitte Bardot and Miles Davis came to Beirut. And then the women like Dalal herself, who have left their home behind. The women in this book all experienced the explosion and suffered unimaginable loss and tragedy, but it is not just this one event that brings them together. Their personal stories converged to tell the story of a nation whose glory days are long gone, now riven by protracted violence, lurching from crisis to crisis, and fighting to survive. It tells not only of what these women have lost, but also what Lebanon has lost, and a part of the Middle East that is no more.
The Sea in Russian Strategy
For the first two decades after the Cold War, Russian naval power hardly featured in the Euro-Atlantic community's strategic thinking. This began to change in the mid-2010s, as the idea that the Russian navy poses a threat to NATO began to gain ground. That threat took shockingly real form in February 2022, when Moscow launched its invasion of Ukraine. The sea in Russian strategy is the first sustained examination of Russian maritime power in the period since the fall of the Soviet Union. It brings together leading specialists from public policy and academia to reflect on historical and contemporary aspects of Russia's naval strategy and capacities. At a time of mounting tensions, which some observers have named the 'Fourth Battle of the Atlantic', the book offers an informed and nuanced discussion, taking into account the view from Moscow and how this differs from western perspectives. It sketches a trajectory of Russia's power at sea and reflects on current capabilities and problems, as well as Moscow's strategic planning for the future.
Political-Humanitarian Borderwork on the Southern European Border
This book focuses on the role mainstream humanitarian organizations have in the functioning of the border management system on the southern European border (i.e. Italy). In particular, the author analyses the mainstream humanitarian organizations and NGOs (i.e. Red Cross, the UNHCR, Medici per I Diritti Umani - MEDU, Terre des Hommes and Oxfam) and their role within and beyond the implementation of the so-called 'hotspot approach' in Sicily. This work suggests that a vision of humanitarian action as just anti-political and complicit with migration control can be questioned. This book suggests that a) mainstream organizations have been able to politicize their positioning and actions vis-?-vis authorities when migration policies have been tightened; b) mainstream organizations' political borderwork has helped to promote incremental change in the status quo rather than a radical one. Finally, this book suggests that the discourses and practices of mainstream and grassroots actors seems to be characterized by similar contradictions.
Organized Loyalty
This book analyses the ideology that China's leader Xi Jinping has crafted during his decade in power. China's political system and domestic and foreign policies have, between 2012 and 2022, become more defined by the political thought of Xi Jinping, the most powerful leader of the Chinese Communist Party since the time of Mao Zedong. Today, Xi's China is embroiled in superpower rivalry with the United States and its allies. Therefore, ongoing ideological transformation in the People's Republic is destined to have global repercussions. Yet surprisingly, the ideological mission of Xi Jinping is poorly understood. Based on analysis of Xi Jinping's collected speeches, the book argues that China's new state ideology is constructed around the three key concepts of loyalty, discipline, and greatness. Xi's mission is about ideological re-orientation and re-activation, as well as organizational innovation, seeking to frame China's "national self" as a collective unit under one political banner and one leader. However, despite the monumental Party-state effort to boost the new ideology and state-scripted "moral careers", the book contends that Xi Jinping cannot take for granted that political and patriotic loyalty will forever trump the formation of "disloyal moral careers" in society.
Reimaging Africa
This book, through a politico-historical analysis, aims to provide a more balanced perspective regarding the nature of Africa's relations with other global regions. It emphasizes the sophisticated nature of pre-colonial African politico-historical commentaries often overlooked or simplified. As such, the narrative avoids the usual misrepresentations which impress that African-European interactions are a history of European actions in an Africa generally devoid of anything similar to the cultures, institutions and abilities of Europe. Further, it contests the historical narrative that indigenous Africans have had no real active role vis-?-vis an assertive, dominating Europe in historical times. Within this book, the contestation of such narratives with evidence-based counter perspectives is of particular benefit for our current educational, social and political contexts.
China's Trade Policy in Latin America
This book examines China's trade insertion strategy in Latin America. Divided into five parts, the book features scholars from China, Chile, Costa Rica, Peru, and Mexico who present the main actors and dynamics around China's trade policy in the region in twelve carefully selected contributions, with qualitative and quantitative case studies. Highlighting China's important trade presence in Latin America after joining the World Trade Organization (WTO), the book analyzes the effects of free trade agreements China signed with three countries in the region - Chile (2005), Peru (2010), and Costa Rica (2011) - as well as specific preferential agreements with other countries from Latin America. While the first part of this book reviews China and Latin America trade policies, the second part explores China's view of Latin America. In a third part of the book, the contributions provide a deeper look into the trade relations between China and the countries of Peru, Costa Rica, Mexico, and the United States. The fourth part of the volume focuses on the emerging trade agenda between the two regions. Finally, the fifth part of the book discusses the trade challenges between China and Latin American and Caribbean countries.The book will appeal to scholars of international relations, economics, and political science, as well as policy-makers interested in a Chinese and Latin American perspective on trade policy in general, and on China's trade policy in the region in particular.
Artificial Intelligence, Game Theory and Mechanism Design in Politics
This book explores how AI and mechanism design can provide a new framework for international politics. The international political system is all manners in which countries, governments and people relate. Mechanism design in international politics relates to identifying rules that define relationships between people and countries that achieve a particular outcome, e.g., peace or more trade or democracy or economic development. Artificial intelligence is technique of making machines intelligent. This book explores mechanism design and artificial intelligence in international politics and applies these technologies to politics, economy and society. This book will be of interest to scholars of international relations, politics, sustainable development, and artificial intelligence.
Framing Climate Change in the Eu and Us After the Paris Agreement
Political responses to climate change are shaped by beliefs and ideas. How does discourse on climate action and its contestation affect policy-making? Addressing this question, the book compares EU and US policy-making since the Paris Agreement and its framing by key political institutions. The empirical part analyses the structure, linkages and contestation of frames to evaluate the contrasting spaces of climate politics in both systems. As the first direct comparison of EU and US climate governance since the Paris Agreement, the book advances current research on the politics of climate change, the politicization of multi-level governance and the role of discourse for policy change.
The Far Right in the Workplace
This book offers the first comparative study of far-right messaging and organizing efforts at the workplace level as well as responses by established trade unions, encompassing six European countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland). Drawing on semi-structured interviews with workers and trade union actors with a focus on the automobile industry, the volume develops a classification of far-right strategies and trade union counter-strategies in comparative perspective. Based on a research project in cooperation with trade unions, the book is situated at the interface of comparative politics, industrial sociology, political economy, and political sociology.
Polycentric Water Governance in Spain
Increasing irrigation efficiency has been high on the political agenda in Spain for many years. However, the overarching aim to reduce agricultural water consumption has not been met so far. To explore this phenomenon, Nora Sch羹tze investigates processes of coordination between the water and agricultural sector in three Spanish river basins in the context of the EU Water Framework Directive implementation. From the perspective of polycentric governance, she identifies multiple mechanisms which illustrate how and why actors interact in certain ways, and thus shows why environmental aims of the Water Framework Directive remain unachieved.
Outspoken - Part One
OUTSPOKEN - Part One is the first of a two-book series by journalist and former Member of the Scottish Parliament, Campbell Martin, in which he takes us through events from 2013 to 2023. In articles written at the time, and in opinions that never stray far from controversial, the author describes Scottish and UK politics, social issues affecting Scotland and international affairs.
Lives Amid Violence
Violent conflict and its aftermath are pressing problems, particularly for international development initiatives. However, the results of development in conflict contexts have generally been disappointing and their preventative potential thus questionable. Available Open Access, Lives Amid Violence argues that this is because practitioners adhere to a mental model that emphasises linearity, certainty, and causality, assuming that violence is best addressed through work plans that deliver state-building, stabilisation and services. Based on ten years of multi-method research from, in, and on conflict-affected countries, this book challenges this approach. Drawing on a significant collaborative body of scholarship, this work puts forward original and generalizable conclusions about how lives amid violence persist, offering an invitation to abandon restricting mental models and to embrace creative ways of thinking and working. These include paying attention to the long-term effects of conflict on individual behaviour and decision-making, the social realities of economic life, the role service delivery plays in negotiations between citizens and states, and to creating meaningful relationships. Transformation also requires reflection and therefore the book concludes with constructive suggestions on how to practice these insights to better support those whose lives are shaped by violence. More details are available at www.transformingdevelopment.org The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.
American Diplomacy Toward Lebanon
Lebanon's significance to the Middle East and the global arena is greater than its small size suggests - bordering Israel and Syria, it holds a geo-strategic role as the playing field for their competition as well as for their allies, America and Iran. This book examines how American diplomacy has responded to the intersection of local, regional, and international factors in Lebanon.David Hale examines several key episodes in US diplomatic history with Lebanon, starting with the country's independence in 1943, up until the present moment. Crucial events such as the Lebanese Civil War, the Cedar Revolution, and more recently the spillover from the Syrian Civil War, are examined within the context of the respective US government administrations of the time and their foreign policy strategies. Hale asks whether policy-makers had realistic and compelling goals, the right strategy, sufficient means, and capable diplomats in its diplomatic approaches towards Lebanon through the years. Crucially, this study focuses on how, during these critical periods, American diplomacy toward Lebanon had consequences beyond the country itself, and on the narrative lines and lessons for the broader conduct of American foreign policy.
American Diplomacy Toward Lebanon
Lebanon's significance to the Middle East and the global arena is greater than its small size suggests - bordering Israel and Syria, it holds a geo-strategic role as the playing field for their competition as well as for their allies, America and Iran. This book examines how American diplomacy has responded to the intersection of local, regional, and international factors in Lebanon. David Hale examines several key episode in US diplomatic history with Lebanon, starting with the country's independence in 1943, up until the present moment. Crucial events such as the Lebanese Civil War, the Cedar Revolution, and more recently the spillover from the Syrian Civil War, are examined within the context of the respective US government administrations of the time and their foreign policy strategies. Hale asks whether policy-makers had realistic and compelling goals, the right strategy, sufficient means, and capable diplomats in its diplomatic approaches towards Lebanon through the years. Crucially, this study focuses on how, during these critical periods, American diplomacy toward Lebanon had consequences beyond the country itself, and on the narrative lines and lessons for the broader conduct of American foreign policy.
U.S. Public Diplomacy Towards China
This book aims to understand public diplomacy by examining its practice. In particular, it focuses on the implementation of educational and exchange programs by the US Departments of State and Defense toward China. Implementation is the focal point of this study and is utilized both as a practical process and a methodology. It refers to the process of translating a public diplomacy policy goal--the specific order given to a governmental institution in order to achieve a general foreign policy objective--into public diplomacy practices and impact. In addition, it refers to a research method that centers implementation and accepts the prerequisite of discretion from studies of policy implementation. This book maps out where and by whom implementation discretion is exercised in public diplomacy. It argues that public diplomacy is in the eye of the beholder, and that its meanings can vary significantly according to different actors.
Indian Air Force in its Centennial Decade
The Indian Air Force (IAF) celebrated its 90th anniversary on October 8, 2022. Over the last 90 years, the IAF has grown by transforming itself from a tactical to a potent and strategic air force. Over these years, the IAF has demonstrated unrivalled adaptability, innovation and resilience to become a technology intensive fighting force that operates the latest generation of aircraft, weapon systems, radars and communication systems. As the fourth largest Air Force in the world, the IAF today stands poised at the threshold of becoming an aerospace force.The IAF has proved itself on every occasion starting from the post-independence 1947 conflict till the recent special air operation on non-military targets in Balakot. However, it has a challenging future in this decade as it would witness changes in all domains including induction of aircraft, unmanned aircraft systems, missiles, radars, force enablers, communications, network centric operations, air battle management, high end military technology, cyber and space along with human resource restructuring. These challenges would need to be addressed with caution, as the coming decade would inevitably see the fruition of meaningful joint and integrated planning and warfighting at all levels.This book is an academic and scholarly effort by CAPS that puts together the glorious past of the IAF and its future trajectory in two different sections. Stitched together by chapters written by an aviation enthusiast, serving and veteran officers, the book touches upon the formation of the IAF and various facets of its operations.
Rising Titans, Falling Giants
As a rising great power flexes its muscles on the political-military scene it must examine how to manage its relationships with states suffering from decline; and it has to do so in a careful and strategic manner. In Rising Titans, Falling Giants Joshua R. Itzkowitz Shifrinson focuses on the policies that rising states adopt toward their declining competitors in response to declining states' policies, and what that means for the relationship between the two.Rising Titans, Falling Giants integrates disparate approaches to realism into a single theoretical framework, provides new insight into the sources of cooperation and competition in international relations, and offers a new empirical treatment of great power politics at the start and end of the Cold War. Shifrinson challenges the existing historical interpretations of diplomatic history, particularly in terms of the United States-China relationship. Whereas many analysts argue that these two nations are on a collision course, Shifrinson declares instead that rising states often avoid antagonizing those in decline, and highlights episodes that suggest the US-China relationship may prove to be far less conflict-prone than we might expect.
Contesting Sovereignty
Sovereignty is a foundational idea upon which regional organisation of nations is built, yet its demise has often been predicted. Regionalism, which commits states to common frameworks such as rules and norms, tests sovereignty as states relinquish some sovereign power to achieve other goals such as security, growth, or liberalisation. This book examines the practice of normative contestation over sovereignty in two regional organisations of Africa and Asia - the AU and ASEAN. A structured comparison of three case studies from each organisation determines whether a norm challenging sovereignty was accepted, rejected, or qualified. Ng has carried out interviews about, and detailed analysis of, these six cases that occurred at formative moments of norm-setting and that each had very different outcomes. This study contributes to the understanding of norms contestation in the field of international relations and offers new insights on how the AU and ASEAN are constituted.
Indo-Us Relations
This book maps Indo-US relations from the turn of the last century. Amidst the changing world order, the bilateral ties between two of the world's greatest democracies have evolved from the thorny exchanges post-nuclear testing to present-day's bonhomie.
China and South Asia
This book looks at the changing dynamics and regional power play between China and South Asia. It presents critical, comprehensive and expert analyses of China's engagement with South Asia by covering historical, sociological, political, cultural, economic and strategic factors while including perspectives from individual countries.
Nigeria and its Peacekeeping Efforts in Liberia, 1990-1997
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Politics - Topic: International relations, grade: 2,1, University of Benin (University of Benin, Nigeria), course: ISD 426-Research project, language: English, abstract: The incidence of conflicts, including civil wars, intra- and inter-ethnic strife, war lordism, coups d'矇tat, and genocides, has long been a problem for Africans. The regional organization frequently looks to outside forces, like the United Nations, to ease tensions in the area, but none of the member governments have made any such efforts. These endless wars have resulted in thousands of fatalities, injuries, and displaced people. The study examines Africa's first attempt to intervene in the disastrous civil war in Liberia and stop the massacre going on in the region under a multinational joint task force (ecomog) spearheaded by Nigeria.The study contends that though Nigeria made tremendous efforts to reduce the regional tension, establish a cease-fire and prevent a heinous massacre of liberians, . The controversy surrounding It's involvement due to its incapacity to address underlying causes of the issue, depose a dictator, and establish a durable peace compromised its credibility and basis for doing so. The research satisfies a need for operationalizing and rationalizing Nigerian military presence in the region for sufficient regional peacekeeping.
The War That Doesn't Say Its Name
Why violence in the Congo has continued despite decades of international intervention Well into its third decade, the military conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has been dubbed a "forever war"-a perpetual cycle of war, civil unrest, and local feuds over power and identity. Millions have died in one of the worst humanitarian calamities of our time. The War That Doesn't Say Its Name investigates the most recent phase of this conflict, asking why the peace deal of 2003-accompanied by the largest United Nations peacekeeping mission in the world and tens of billions in international aid-has failed to stop the violence. Jason Stearns argues that the fighting has become an end in itself, carried forward in substantial part through the apathy and complicity of local and international actors. Stearns shows that regardless of the suffering, there has emerged a narrow military bourgeoisie of commanders and politicians for whom the conflict is a source of survival, dignity, and profit. Foreign donors provide food and urgent health care for millions, preventing the Congolese state from collapsing, but this involvement has not yielded transformational change. Stearns gives a detailed historical account of this period, focusing on the main players-Congolese and Rwandan states and the main armed groups. He extrapolates from these dynamics to other conflicts across Africa and presents a theory of conflict that highlights the interests of the belligerents and the social structures from which they arise. Exploring how violence in the Congo has become preoccupied with its own reproduction, The War That Doesn't Say Its Name sheds light on why certain military feuds persist without resolution.
The Historicity of International Politics
The past is constantly present, not least in the study of imperialism and imperial forms of power in international politics. This volume shows how historical trajectories have shaped international affairs covering a wide range of imperial and (post-) colonial settings in international politics, substantiating the claim that imperial and colonial legacies - and how they have transformed over time - are foundational to the historicity of international politics. It contributes to debates on the role of history in International Relations (IR) by combining theoretical arguments on the role of history through the concept of 'historicity' with concrete empirical analyses on a wide range of imperial and colonial legacies. This volume also advances interdisciplinary perspectives on this topic by fostering dialogue with Historical Sociology and Global History. It will interest scholars and advanced students of IR, historical sociology and global politics, especially those working on the history of international politics, and the legacies of colonialism and imperialism.
Rethinking Warfare in the 21st Century
This book seeks to critically review and evaluate the changes and consistencies in how warfare is interpreted and represented by academics, mass media outlets and political actors in the 21st century. The authors suggest that it is essential to understand the evolution and transformation of contemporary warfare's conceptualisation and practice in order to make sense of the current global geopolitical transformations that are in process, from a unipolar to multipolar global order. They therefore examine the various key actors in international relations from conceptual, theoretical and empirical perspectives through thematic chapters that demonstrate the increasingly central role played by intangible factors in the representation and management of contemporary armed conflict. The book stresses the need to reflect and rethink the potentially highly problematic trajectory of the global community within the framework of 21st century warfare's political and informational influence and effects.
Public Administration in Hong Kong
This book looks at the relationship between politicians and bureaucrats in policy making and the factors that account for variation in such relationships by looking at regime change and governance reform. It uses Hong Kong as a case study to illustrate the impact of these changes.
Palestine, Taiwan, and Western Sahara
To have a State, four distinct conditions must be met. First, there must be a community of people, and it matters not whether they belong to the same color, faith, or ethnicity. Second, there must be a geographical space, a settlement that this community of people calls a home. Third, there must be governing authority. And finally, the government must be sovereign - sovereign in the sense that it is self-governing and independent of any domestic or international body. Palestine, Taiwan, and Western Sahara have met all the forestated conditions -- except for broad international support and recognition and membership of the United Nations. However, this has not been the case with Palestine, Taiwan, and Western Sahara. This edited volume examines some of the endogenous and exogenous factors that have contributed to the ambiguous and contested nature of these political entities and argued that the undermined nature of these entities contributes to regional instability and global insecurity. And finally, the continued denial of statehood is a violation of their collective human rights.
Is Artificial Intelligence Racist?
How did racism creep into the algorithms that govern our daily lives, from banking and shopping, to job applications? Connecting the legacy of enlightenment racism to forms of discrimination in modern day algorithms and Artificial Intelligence, this volume examines what data feeds into AI technology - and how this data will shape the future of humanity. Delving into the narratives enveloping the development of AI systems, with a particular emphasis on "tech-giants" and the ideas of Mark Zuckerberg, Elon Musk and Bill Gates, Arshin Adib-Moghaddam explains how and why technology aids and abets various forms of extremism, entrenches social hierarchies and discriminatory boundaries and how this will impact international security and human rights in the future.
Independent Africa
Independent Africa explores Africa's political economy in the first two full decades of independence through the joint projects of nation-building, economic development, and international relations.Drawing on the political careers of four heads of states: Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, Ahmed S矇kou Tour矇 of Guinea, L矇opold S矇dar Senghor, and Julius Kambarage Nyerere of Tanzania, Independent Africa engages four major themes: what does it mean to construct an African nation-state and what should an African nation-state look like; how does one grow a tropical economy emerging from European colonialism; how to explore an indigenous model of economic development, a "third way," in the context of a Cold War that had divided the world into two camps; and how to leverage internal resources and external opportunities to diversify agricultural economies and industrialize.Combining aspects of history, economics, and political science, Independent Africa examines the important connections between the first generation of African leaders, and the shared ideas that informed their endeavors at nation-building and worldmaking.
Living with Precariousness
Precariousness has become a defining experience in contemporary society, as an inescapable condition and state of being. Living with Precariousness presents a spectrum of timely case studies that explore precarious existences - at individual, collective and structural levels, and as manifested through space and the body. These range from the plight of asylum seekers, to the tiny house movement as a response to affordable housing crises; from the global impacts of climate change, to the daily challenges of living with a chronic illness. This multidisciplinary book illustrates the pervasiveness of precarity, but furthermore shows how those entanglements with other agents, human or otherwise, that put us at risk are also the connections that make living with (and through) precariousness endurable.
Southeast Asia’s Multipolar Future
Southeast Asia is rapidly becoming a competitive space for geopolitical rivalries. The growth in China-U.S. strategic competition is creating deep anxiety among Southeast Asia leaders, China's rising power is felt across every corner of Southeast Asia, and many leaders are worried about the long-term implications of rising Chinese influence in the region. The United States' increasingly assertive approach towards China is welcomed by some governments, but the growth in tensions is creating deep anxiety about a possible new Cold War. How can the region prevent a repeat of the divisions and bitter rivalries of the previous Cold War? This book argues that Southeast Asia is emerging as an open, autonomous region, where small and middle powers can maintain their sovereignty and shape the regional order. Despite new superpower pressures, the region is moving towards a multi-polar order, with greater agency for Southeast Asian countries. The key to Southeast Asia's future may be other external powers - particularly Japan, Australia, India, and Europe - who can provide ASEAN governments with more diverse partnerships, enabling them to avoid the bipolar blocs of superpower rivalries. The book argues that external partners are helping to shape the geopolitical order by supporting ASEAN leadership and diluting the influence of great powers. Southeast Asian countries also have remarkable capacity to manage asymmetrical relations and balance external powers. The book describes the region's history of managing great power relations, drawing on historical and contemporary cases. By examining the dynamics between Southeast Asia and external powers, the book predicts that the region's future will look entirely different from its Cold War past.
