Elements of the Method of Least Squares
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The Natural System of Volcanic Rocks; Volume 1
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By Meadow, Grove and Stream
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Nature's Calendar
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Fourteen Weeks in Physics
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Agricultural Chemical Analysis
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Periodic Table
Do you want to be able to take your science tests without having to look up the periodic table when everyone else does? This book contains 60 fun crossword puzzles that will help you memorize the elements of the periodic table along with their chemical symbols and spellings, quite effortlessly. Memorizing the table gives you an advantage for long-term chemistry study. At a glance, you would be able to know the difference between Ta, Tb, Tc, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, and Tm. It will be very useful for any higher studies that involve chemistry.
Periodic Table
Do you want to be able to take your science tests without having to look up the periodic table when everyone else does? This book contains 60 fun crossword puzzles that will help you memorize the elements of the periodic table along with their chemical symbols and spellings, quite effortlessly. Memorizing the table gives you an advantage for long-term chemistry study. At a glance, you would be able to know the difference between Ta, Tb, Tc, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, and Tm. It will be very useful for any higher studies that involve chemistry.
The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London; Volume 10
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River Ecological Restoration and Groundwater Artificial Recharge
Three of the eleven papers focused on groundwater recharge and its impacts on the groundwater regime, in which recharge was caused by riverbed leakage from river ecological restoration (artificial water replenishment). The issues of the hydrogeological parameters involved (such as the influence radius) were also reconsidered. Six papers focused on the impact of river ecological replenishment and other human activities on river and watershed ecology, and on groundwater quality and use function. The issues of ecological security at the watershed scale and deterioration of groundwater quality were of particular concern. Two papers focused on water resources carrying capacity and water resources reallocation at the regional scale, in the context of the fact that ecological water demand has been a significant topic of concern. The use of unconventional water resources such as brackish water has been emphasized in the research in this issue.
Effects of Plants’ Ingredients on Dough and Final Product
The Special Issue presents valuable information on the perspective of using cereals/pseudocereal grains, vegetable byproducts, or flour processed by applying various techniques in baked goods and pasta products. At the same time, this Special Issue reveals the experience of authors regarding the use of plants' ingredients as a valuable strategy to improve the nutritional profile of food products, contributing to the reduction in nutrient deficiencies, or to make products for special nutrition such as low-sodium or gluten-free ones. The quality of the raw materials, the processing techniques, and the potential of certain vegetable byproducts from fruits or oilseeds represent key aspects for obtaining qualitatively enhanced food products. Furthermore, current approaches to diversify the range of bakery and pasta products which offer health benefits to consumers are also presented in this Special Issue.
Application of Stable Isotopes and Tritium in Hydrology
This Special Issue "Applications of Stable Isotopes and Tritium in Hydrology" addresses the current state-of-the-art applications of stable isotopes and tritium in studies of hydrological process and the whole water cycle. The six scientific papers belonging to this SI show a wide variety of isotope applications in various studies performed locally or regionally, but the conclusions obtained may be valid worldwide. Precipitation, groundwater, and surface waters belong to classical water bodies, while evapotranspiration, effects of farming, and drip water in karst caves seldom present applications of water isotopes.
Endothelial Dysfunction
Dear colleagues, This Special Issue, "Endothelial Dysfunction: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches", focuses on the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction, new biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction related to cardiovascular disorders or tumors, and novel therapeutic approaches for endothelial dysfunctions.Vascular endothelium is an active tissue and plays a crucial role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Chronic exposure to risk factors, such as hypertension, high cholesterolemia, or oxidative stress, induces endothelial dysfunctions and results in a loss of endothelial integrity, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and macrophage recruitment.The pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction (ED) is complex and multi-factorial factors are involved, such as oxidative stress or chronic inflammation. The primary prevention of cardiovascular risk factors and endothelial dysfunctions, as well as the early detection of or molecular imaging techniques for endothelial dysfunction, helps to prevent the development of cardiovascular disorders. Novel therapeutic approaches or drug delivery systems for endothelial dysfunctions have had promising beneficial effects in preclinical or clinical levels by affecting the progression of atherosclerotic changes, tumor angiogenesis, and host-immune reactions near tumor environments.
Carotenoids in Fresh and Processed Food
Carotenoids are uniquely functional polyene pigments that are ubiquitous in nature; aside from being responsible for the color of a wide variety of vegetables, interest has been focused on food carotenoids due to their likely health benefits.This Special Issue, "Carotenoids in Fresh and Processed Food: Between Biosynthesis and Degradation", consists of five peer-reviewed papers that cover a numerous new insights on the chemistry of carotenoids together with some observations related to their protection from photodegradation. Moreover, other considerations about their biosynthesis and influencing parameters in fresh food are included.
Agricultural Cooperative in the Face of the Challenges of Globalization, Sustainability and Digitalization
The enormous contribution of agricultural cooperative societies to the rural world has not gone unnoticed. This is corroborated by many international entities. The International Cooperative Alliance estimates that 12% of the world's population is linked to one of the 3 million cooperatives that exist worldwide. Therefore, cooperative societies are not a marginal phenomenon.In relation to the role played by agricultural cooperatives in the world, it should be said that the agricultural cooperative is an enterprise unconditionally and stably linked to the rural environment, to the farmer and the stockbreeder. For this reason, it plays a leading role in the local economy and in the fixation of the population to the territory, thus contributing to the balance and management of the territory, which makes them true agents of rural development. On the other hand, cooperative societies have been the guarantors of the structuring of agriculture in rural areas in many countries. These organizations constitute the main structured, organized, professionalized and stable network established throughout the territory, in contact with the rural environment, with the capacity to communicate with and influence farmers and stockbreeders. They directly or indirectly provide much of the employment in the rural world and cooperative societies by nature develop their activity under cooperative principles and values that make them exponents of socially responsible enterprises and, therefore, are the key to sustainable development, as promulgated by the United Nations through the SDGs.
Productive and Ecological Aspects of Mixed Cropping System
Mixed cropping, also known as inter-cropping or co-cultivation, is a plant production system that involves planting two or more species (or cultivars) in the same field in a variable order-row or rowless-simultaneously. Mixed cropping plays an important role in sustainable agriculture by adding value to crop rotations and agroecosystems. Scientific investigations on environmentally friendly mixed cropping should be supported by studies on the direct costs and long-term benefits that are the most relevant to farmers. Meeting the need to strengthen the scientific basis for mixed crops, the papers in this Special Issue enhance our understanding of the following: - The selection of species and cultivars for a mixed crop system as well as the choice of agricultural treatments that will secure a stable yield of mixtures;- Inter- and intra- species competition of plants in a canopy;- Ecological intensification approaches and opportunities for maximizing crop performance and yield in mixtures;- The effects of mixed crops on crop rotations;- The short- and long-term ecosystem benefits of mixtures;- The effects on pests and the biodiversity of agroecosystems provided by mixtures;- The economic aspects of adopting the mixtures in farms;- The nutritive value of mixtures for livestock;- Other topics related to the mixed cropping.
Thermodynamics
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Boleti of the United States
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The Coal Resources of New South Wales
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Biological Fact and the Structure of Society. The Herbert Spencer Lecture Delivered at the Examination Schools on Wednesday, February 28, 1912
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The Primary Factors of Organic Evolution
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Applied Colloid Chemistry
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Laboratory Teaching, Or, Progressive Exercises in Practical Chemistry
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Abolish the Fahrenheit Thermometer
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... Report On the Cascade Coal Basin
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Remarks On Engineers' Surveying Instruments
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The Life of the Universe As Conceived by Man From the Earliest Ages to the Present Time; Volume 2
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The Flowering Plants of Tunbridge Wells & Neighbourhood
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Nature's Calendar
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Elements of the Theory and Practice of Chymistry; Volume 2
As Aves Do Brazil
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Annual Chemical Directory of the United States
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Tratado De Citolog穩a Vegetal
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A New Universal Gazetteer
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A New Universal Gazetteer
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The Invisible Human
Blind to its supreme authority, humanity relinquished its relationship with and declared war on nature thousands of years ago and proceeded on its own way building monuments to itself that eventually crumbled. As a result, we find ourselves standing in the rubble of the aftermath faced with a global biotic catastrophe.
The Return to Cosmology
"Can we rely on the discoveries that scientists make about one or another part, or aspect, of the world as a basis for drawing conclusions abou the Universe as a Whole?" Thirty years ago, the separateness of different intellectual disciplines was an unquestioned axiom of intellectual procedure. By the mid-nineteen-seventies, however, even within the natural sciences proper, a shift from narrowly disciplinary preoccupations to more interdisciplinary issues had made it possible to reopen questions about he cosmological significance of the scientific world picture and scarcely possible any longer to rule out all religious cosmology and "unscientific." This book, the product of both a professional and personal quest, follow the debate about cosmology--the theory of the universe--as it has changed from 1945 to 1982. The open essay, "Scientific Mythology" reflects the influence of Stephen Toulmin's postwar study with Ludwig Wittgenstein in its skepticism about the naive extrapolation of scientific concepts into nonscientific contexts. Skepticism gradually gives way to qualified optimism that there may be "still a real chance of working outward from the natural sciences into a larger cosmological realm" in a series of essays on the cosmological speculations of individual scientists, including Arthur Koestler, Jacques Monod, Carl Sagan, and others. In the programmatic concluding essays, Toulmin argues that the classic Newtonian distinction between the observer and the observed was inimical not only to the received religious cosmology but also to any attempt to understand humanity and nature as parts of a single cosmos. In the twentieth century, however, what he calls "the death of the spectator" has forced the postmodern scientist--theoretically, in quantum physics, and practically, in the recognized impact of science-derived technologies on the environment--to include himself in his science. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.
Great Scientists Speak Again
The author writes of this book: "'What lead you to impersonate great biologists?' is a question often asked of me. My answer varies depending upon the interviewer. Sometimes I cite my interest in biographies of distinguished scientists initiated by a reading of Vallery-Radot's The Life of Pasteur as a teenage and furthered by a superb college course on the history of biology. Another answer: my love of the theater, more from the balcony than on the stage as a ham actor. My most frequent reply, however, credits this instructional innovation to the students in my Berkeley course in general biology (Zoology 10), who began to show, in the late sixties, their dissatisfaction with the lecture system. "I gave serious thought to the problem of communicating biological information with greater impact. One morning in the shower I was stuck not only by the spray but also by an idea: dress up and make up as some of the great biologists and present their discoveries and thoughts in their own words. In addition to expounding their scientific work, portray them as persons with hopes and ambitions, frustration over failure, and joy from success. I chose Darwin, Mendel, Harvey, and Pasteur, who would probably be on the most lists of great biologists, and two lesser-known scientists: William Beaumont, pre-Civil War Army surgeon who studied gastic digestion in the stomach of a fur-trapper, Alexis St. Martin; and Hans Spemann, 1935 Nobel Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, who discovered the organizer principle in embryonic development. The results of the innovation, which I call guest lecturers, were gratifying. "Late five of the lectures, in abbreviated form, were recorded on motion picture film (available through the Media Center of the University of California, Berkeley). Then it was suggested that a much wider audience should be reached through publication of the lectures in book form, illustrated with photographs of the 'guest lecturers' in action and with drawings, charts, maps, and reproductions of lantern slides." This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.
Plant Essential Oil with Biological Activity
Plant essential oils (PEOs) are hydrophobic liquids that contain volatile chemical components that are derived from various plant parts. They are among the most important plant natural products because of their diverse biological features as well as their therapeutic and nutritional applications. In addition, several aromatic PEOs are used to flavor food and add aromas to incense in the culinary sector. Recently, many PEOs have demonstrated promising antimicrobial activity against different post-harvest diseases and have been considered as possible natural alternatives for chemical treatments. This Special Issue titled "Plant Essential Oil with Biological Activity" provided an overview of several elements of PEOs, including their biological applications, antimicrobial activities, bio-pharmaceutical properties, principal single constituents, and mechanisms of action. This Special Issues fills in knowledge gaps and aids in the advancement of EO applications around the world. This issue contains thirteen research articles and two review papers that address a wide range of topics and applications relevant to the bioactivity of PEOs.
The Return to Cosmology
"Can we rely on the discoveries that scientists make about one or another part, or aspect, of the world as a basis for drawing conclusions abou the Universe as a Whole?" Thirty years ago, the separateness of different intellectual disciplines was an unquestioned axiom of intellectual procedure. By the mid-nineteen-seventies, however, even within the natural sciences proper, a shift from narrowly disciplinary preoccupations to more interdisciplinary issues had made it possible to reopen questions about he cosmological significance of the scientific world picture and scarcely possible any longer to rule out all religious cosmology and "unscientific." This book, the product of both a professional and personal quest, follow the debate about cosmology--the theory of the universe--as it has changed from 1945 to 1982. The open essay, "Scientific Mythology" reflects the influence of Stephen Toulmin's postwar study with Ludwig Wittgenstein in its skepticism about the naive extrapolation of scientific concepts into nonscientific contexts. Skepticism gradually gives way to qualified optimism that there may be "still a real chance of working outward from the natural sciences into a larger cosmological realm" in a series of essays on the cosmological speculations of individual scientists, including Arthur Koestler, Jacques Monod, Carl Sagan, and others. In the programmatic concluding essays, Toulmin argues that the classic Newtonian distinction between the observer and the observed was inimical not only to the received religious cosmology but also to any attempt to understand humanity and nature as parts of a single cosmos. In the twentieth century, however, what he calls "the death of the spectator" has forced the postmodern scientist--theoretically, in quantum physics, and practically, in the recognized impact of science-derived technologies on the environment--to include himself in his science. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.
A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Raphael Mechoulam
During the last 60 years the relevance of cannabis (Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica) ingredients, like the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, 120+ additional cannabinoids and 440+ non-cannabinoid compounds, for human health and disease has become apparent. Approximately 30 years after the elucidation of THC structure the molecular reasons for the biological activity of these plant extracts were made clearer by the discovery of endocannabinoids, that are endogenous lipids able to bind to the same receptors activated by THC. Besides endocannabinoids, that include several N-acylethanolamines and acylesters, a complex array of receptors, metabolic enzymes, transporters (transmembrane, intracellular and extracellular carriers) were also discovered, and altogether they form a so-called "endocannabinoid system" that has been shown to finely tune the manifold biological activities of these lipid signals.Both plant-derived cannabinoids and endocannabinoids were first discovered by the group led by Prof. Dr. Raphael Mechoulam, who has just celebrated his 90th birthday and clearly stood out as a giant of modern science. The many implications of his seminal work for chemistry, biochemistry, biology, pharmacology and medicine are described in this special issue by the scientists who reached during the last 20 years the highest recognition in the field of (endo)cannabinoid research, receiving the Mechoulam Award for their major contributions. I thank them for having accepted my invitation to be part of this honorary issue of Molecules, and Raphi for continuing to illuminate our field with his always inspiring investigations and new ideas.
Synthesis and Application of Nano- and Microdispersed Systems
Nano- and microdispersed systems can be defined as dispersions of the nano- and microparticles (droplets, bubbles) of one material within a continuous phase of another material (gas, liquid, solid). Such systems are very widespread in nature. The most common examples include soils, aerosols, minerals, and various natural colloids. Nano- and microdispersed systems are also the subject of active research and represent a techno-economic sector with full expansion in many application domains. Nano- and microdispersed systems have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their diverse physicochemical and mechanical properties, including wettability, dispersion stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, and catalytic activity, resulting in enhanced performance over their counterparts with a particle size above 1 繕m. Such systems are of interest to various research areas, including the development of new polymers and ceramic composites, sensors, biomaterials, energy conversion devices, wastewater treatment strategies, and many other applications.The present Special Issue of Processes will include recent enhancements in the synthesis and application of various types of nano- and microdispersed systems and will help to expand scientific cooperation in this important field of research.
Great Scientists Speak Again
The author writes of this book: "'What lead you to impersonate great biologists?' is a question often asked of me. My answer varies depending upon the interviewer. Sometimes I cite my interest in biographies of distinguished scientists initiated by a reading of Vallery-Radot's The Life of Pasteur as a teenage and furthered by a superb college course on the history of biology. Another answer: my love of the theater, more from the balcony than on the stage as a ham actor. My most frequent reply, however, credits this instructional innovation to the students in my Berkeley course in general biology (Zoology 10), who began to show, in the late sixties, their dissatisfaction with the lecture system. "I gave serious thought to the problem of communicating biological information with greater impact. One morning in the shower I was stuck not only by the spray but also by an idea: dress up and make up as some of the great biologists and present their discoveries and thoughts in their own words. In addition to expounding their scientific work, portray them as persons with hopes and ambitions, frustration over failure, and joy from success. I chose Darwin, Mendel, Harvey, and Pasteur, who would probably be on the most lists of great biologists, and two lesser-known scientists: William Beaumont, pre-Civil War Army surgeon who studied gastic digestion in the stomach of a fur-trapper, Alexis St. Martin; and Hans Spemann, 1935 Nobel Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, who discovered the organizer principle in embryonic development. The results of the innovation, which I call guest lecturers, were gratifying. "Late five of the lectures, in abbreviated form, were recorded on motion picture film (available through the Media Center of the University of California, Berkeley). Then it was suggested that a much wider audience should be reached through publication of the lectures in book form, illustrated with photographs of the 'guest lecturers' in action and with drawings, charts, maps, and reproductions of lantern slides." This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.
Diversity, Biogeography and Community Ecology of Ants
Ants are a ubiquitous, highly diverse, and ecologically dominant faunal group. They represent a large proportion of global terrestrial faunal biomass and play key ecological roles as soil engineers, predators, and re-cyclers of nutrients. They have particularly important interactions with plants as defenders against herbivores, as seed dispersers, and as seed predators. One downside to the ecological importance of ants is that they feature on the list of the world's worst invasive species. Ants have also been important for science as model organisms for studies of diversity, biogeography, and community ecology. Despite such importance, ants remain remarkably understudied. A large proportion of species are undescribed, the biogeographic histories of most taxa remain poorly known, and we have a limited understanding of spatial patterns of diversity and composition, along with the processes driving them. The papers in this Special Issue collectively address many of the most pressing questions relating to ant diversity. What is the level of ant diversity? What is the origin of this diversity, and how is it distributed at different spatial scales? What are the roles of niche partitioning and competition as regulators of local diversity? How do ants affect the ecosystems within which they occur? The answers to these questions provide valuable insights not just for ants, but for biodiversity more generally.
Energy Systems Analysis and Modelling towards Decarbonisation
The Paris Agreement establishes a process to combine Nationally Determined Contributions with the long-term goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 簞C or even to 1.5 簞C. Responding to this challenge, EU and non-EU countries are preparing national and regional low-emission strategies outlining clean energy-transition pathways. The aim of this book is to provide rigorous quantitative assessment of the challenges, impacts and opportunities induced by ambitious low-emission pathways. It aims to explore how deep emission reductions can be achieved in all energy supply and demand sectors, exploring the interplay between mitigation options, including energy efficiency, renewable energy uptake and electrification, for decarbonising inflexible end-uses such as mobility and heating. The high expansion of renewable energy poses high technical and economic challenges regarding system configuration and market organisation, requiring the development of new options such as batteries, prosumers, grid expansion, chemical storage through power-to-X and new tariff setting methods. The uptake of disruptive mitigation options (hydrogen, CCUS, clean e-fuels) as well as carbon dioxide removal (BECCS, direct air capture, etc.) may also be required in the case of net-zero emission targets, but raises market, regulatory and financial challenges. This book assesses low-emission strategies at the national and global level and their implications for energy-system development, technology uptake, energy-system costs and the socioeconomic and industrial impacts of low-emission transitions.
Redox Imbalance and Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Kidney Disease
The kidney performs important functions in the human body and can inflict either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). AKI can be induced by kidney ischemia, drugs such as cisplatin, and heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic. CKD can be induced by drugs, heavy metals, hypertension, and diabetes, as well as cancer. Importantly, nearly all kidney disorders have been shown to involve redox imbalance, reductive stress, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial abnormalities such as impaired mitochondrial homeostasis, including disrupted mitophagy and deranged mitochondrial unfolded protein responses. Understanding how these redox-related dysregulated pathways operate may give us new insights into how to design novel approaches to fighting kidney disease. This Special Issue of Biomolecules entitled "Redox imbalance and mitochondrial abnormalities in kidney disease" covers a variety of topics focusing on oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and antioxidation enhancement implicated in kidney disease or kidney transplantation.
They Shimmer Within
The use of psychedelic drugs plants is rising, and with it the number of reports narrating encounters with otherworldly visionary beings. Approaches to these experiences have often been literal, archetypal or dismissive. Evolutionary psychology and the cognitive science of religion suggest innate and non-imagistic mental foundations for these phenomena arising from easily-triggered evolutionary functions during emotive periods of high cognitive demand. Such functions include agent detection, social intelligence faculties and metacognition. This wide-ranging book explores how our deepest mental processes predispose us as humans to believe in supernatural agents, and presents a new hypothesis of how these same cognitions facilitate the emergence of those agents to become present when psychedelic drugs and plants are ingested. Bruce concludes that visionary beings shimmer within as awe-inspiring products of the mind, an experience which rests at the heart of what it is to be human.
Magnetic and Spin Devices
As the scaling of electronic semiconductor devices displays signs of saturation, the main focus of research in microelectronics is shifting towards finding new computing paradigms. Electron spin offers additional functionality to digital charge-based devices. Several fundamental problems, including spin injection to a semiconductor, spin propagation and relaxation, and spin manipulation by the gate voltage, have been successfully resolved to open a path towards spin-based reprogrammable electron switches. Devices employing electron spin are nonvolatile; they are able to preserve the stored information without external power. Emerging nonvolatile devices are electrically addressable, possess a simple structure, and offer endurance and speed superior to flash memory. Having nonvolatile memory very close to CMOS offers a prospect of data processing in the nonvolatile segment, where the same devices are used to store and process the information. This opens perspectives for conceptually new low-power computing paradigms within Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT). This Special Issue focuses on all topics related to spintronic devices such as spin-based switches, magnetoresistive memories, energy harvesting devices, and sensors that can be employed in in-memory computing concepts and in Artificial Intelligence.
