Structure of Domains in Thin Film Superconductors
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Absolute and Relative Spectral Line Intensity Measurements in a Plasma Shock Tube
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface.We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Astronomical Discovery
Herbert Hall Turner (1861-1930) was a prominent and vibrant figure in astronomy, whose career was defined by his role as the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford, a position he held from 1894 until his death. His appointment coincided with Oxford's commitment to the Astrographic Catalogue, a massive international project aimed at mapping the positions of stars using photography. Turner dedicated his exceptional energy and organizational talent to this task, completing the Oxford zone ahead of all others. At the time, photographic star mapping was a pioneering field, offering Turner the chance to contribute significant methodological advancements, such as the development of standard coordinate reductions for photographic plates. Turner's intellectual curiosity extended beyond the Astrographic Catalogue, leading to research in areas like variable stars, lunar topography, and seismology. He also gained renown for his long-running column "From an Oxford Note Book" in The Observatory magazine, a witty and insightful commentary on astronomical developments that ran for 36 years. His book Astronomical Discovery delves into key milestones of 18th- and 19th-century astronomy, blending technical analysis with engaging narrative. Turner explores discoveries ranging from Neptune's orbit to his own serendipitous identification of Nova Geminorum in 1903. Drawing from original records, his accounts reflect both historical depth and his dynamic personality, making the work enduringly compelling despite the field's subsequent advancements. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1963.
The Lithosphere Beneath the Indian Shield
This book explores the geotectonic evolution of the lithosphere beneath the Indian Shield, which comprises a collage of cratons variously bounded by mobile belts and palaeo-rifts. The lithosphere beneath these is fairly thin compared to other cratons worldwide, petrologically varied and shows considerable variation in thickness with depth both intra-craton and among cratons. Moreover, it has been subjected to the influence of repeated magmatic episodes from Proterozoic to Palaeocene, which have variously impacted different parts of the shield. The thermotectonic influence on constituent cratons is variable depending on the evolutionary history. This book discusses the impact of successive tectonomagmatic events on the evolution of the deep crust and shallow mantle, and their Phanerozoic modification as gleaned through the xenolith window.The book provides a petrotectonic perspective on the deep crust and shallow mantle from direct samples brought up as xenoliths of deep lithologies, and offers a comprehensive overview for students, researchers, academics and professionals, integrating the results of petrological studies of deep lithologies and geophysical investigations to (i) shed light on the physico-chemical and thermal structure of the lithosphere from an array of geotectonic settings and (ii) gain insights into the spatio-temporal evolution of the Indian Shield. An in-depth guide critical thinking on the complex issue of mantle differentiation, magmatism, lithosphere modification and crustal growth over time, the book allows readers to gain a better understanding of the processes that affect the lithosphere and shape the crust on which we live.
Ptolemy’s Universe
"One of the first scholarly and systematic looks at the natural philosophy of Ptolemy, its ethical implications, and its departure from the thought of Aristotle. Taub's writing is clear and succinct, and her ability to handle original texts is outstanding...a unique contribution of our understanding of the history of science and philosophy in late antiquity." --The Modern Schoolman
Doomsday Asteroid
""One of their more frightening conclusions is that the risk of death in the next 50 years from a collision with an asteroid is greater than that from an airline crash or any other type of natural catastrophe. This very readable book looks at not only the horrors involved in a collision, but at the great benefits we could accumulate from mining and capturing these celestial neighbors."Rocky Mountain News". . . informative, reasoned and interesting."San Diego Union-Tribune". . . a serious look at the possibilities of asteroid and comet impacts on Earth and what can be done to predict and prevent them. . . . a comprehensive look at the threats these objects are to the Earth. They also do a good job showing the limitless possibilities for developing these asteroids in space - a combination not usually found in other books."Spaceviews
A Practical Guide to Observational Astronomy
A Practical Guide to Observational Astronomy provides a practical and accessible introduction to the ideas and concepts that are essential to making and analyzing astronomical observations.
Step-By-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants
How to design a solar power plant, from start to finish In Step-by-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants, a team of distinguished engineers delivers a comprehensive reference on PV power plants--and their design--for specialists, experts, and academics. Written in three parts, the book covers the detailed theoretical knowledge required to properly design a PV power plant. It goes on to explore the step-by-step requirements for creating a real-world PV power plant, including parts and components design, mathematical formulations and calculations, analyses, evaluations, and planning. The book concludes with a discussion of a sample solar plant design, as well as tips on how to avoid common design mistakes, and how to handle the operation and maintenance of PV power plants. Step-by-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants also includes: Thorough introductions to the basic requirements of design, economic analyses, and investment revenue Comprehensive explorations of the requirements for feasibility study and grid connection study Introducing solar resource, and determining optimum tilt angle and module inter-row spacing Presenting methodology for design of large-scale PV plant, requirements of engineering document, and optimal design algorithm In-depth examinations for selecting PV module, inverter, string, and DC side equipment Practical discussions of system losses, as well as estimation of yearly electrical energy production, capacity factor, and performance ratio of large-scale PV plant Perfect for professionals in the solar power industry, Step-by-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants will also earn a place in the libraries of equipment manufacturers and university professors seeking a one-stop resource for the design of PV power plants.
Combustion Technology
This textbook is intended for post-graduate students in mechanical and allied engineering disciplines. It will also be helpful to scientists and engineers working in the areas of combustion to recapitulate the fundamental and generally applied aspects of combustion. This textbook comprehensively covers the fundamental aspects of combustion. It includes physical descriptions of premixed and non-premixed flames. It provides a detailed analysis of the basic ideas and design characteristics of burners for gaseous, liquid and solid fuels. A chapter on alternative renewable fuels has also been included to bring out the need, characteristics and usage of alternative fuels. Review questions have been provided at the end of each chapter which will help the students to evaluate their understanding of the important concepts covered in that chapter. Several standard text books have been cited in the chapters and are listed towards the end, as suggested reading, to enable the readers to refer them when required. The textbook will be useful for students in mechanical, aerospace and related fields of engineering. It will also be a good resource for professionals and researchers working in the areas of combustion technology.
Computational Statistical Physics
Providing a detailed and pedagogical account of the rapidly-growing field of computational statistical physics, this book covers both the theoretical foundations of equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical physics, and also modern, computational applications such as percolation, random walks, magnetic systems, machine learning dynamics, and spreading processes on complex networks. A detailed discussion of molecular dynamics simulations is also included, a topic of great importance in biophysics and physical chemistry. The accessible and self-contained approach adopted by the authors makes this book suitable for teaching courses at graduate level, and numerous worked examples and end of chapter problems allow students to test their progress and understanding.
Development of 15 Micron Cutoff Wavelength HgCdTe Detector Arrays for Astronomy
This thesis describes advances in the understanding of HgCdTe detectors. While long wave (15 μm) infrared detectors HgCdTe detectors have been developed for military use under high background irradiance, these arrays had not previously been developed for astronomical use where the background irradiance is a billion times smaller. The main pitfall in developing such arrays for astronomy is the pixel dark current which plagues long wave HgCdTe. The author details work on the success of shorter wavelength development at Teledyne Imaging Sensors, carefully modeling the dark current-reverse bias voltage curves of their 10 μm devices at a temperature of 30K, as well as the dark current-temperature curves at several reverse biases, including 250 mV. By projecting first to 13 and then 15 μm HgCdTe growth, values of fundamental properties of the material that would minimize tunneling dark currents were determined through careful modeling of the dark current-reverse bias voltage curves, as well as the dark current-temperature curves. This analysis was borne out in the 13 μm parts produced by Teledyne, and then further honed to produce the necessary parameters for the 15 μm growth. The resulting 13 μm arrays are being considered by a number of ground-based astronomy research groups.
Dark Sky Legacy
The way mankind has responded to the dark sky throughout history has determined humanity's scientific - and cultural - progress. In this way, astronomy is in some way connected to everything. This fascinating theme is explored in Dark Sky Legacy. George Reed examines the powerful influence of the cosmos on cultural and societal development, reviewing mankind's historical propensity for projecting human experience into a cosmic framework and the centuries-old relationship between astronomy and astrology, the result of which is the emergence of the age of science. Since then, he writes, the purpose of astronomy has been to observe celestial objects for the advancement of scientific knowledge, while astrology deals only in the possibility that celestial bodies influence events on Earth. Reed asserts that the movement away from an inward-looking, "meaningful" cosmos toward an outward-gazing, impersonal one is a shift that has had enormous repercussions in every aspect of human life. He points out that astrology provides a scheme in which the believer is an integral component of an animistic, cyclical universe. Conversely, the pursuit of science and astronomy is a mechanistic, linear activity, which seeks extrinsic answers in terms of precise relationships between sense perceptions. Dark Sky Legacy probes the divergent approaches to the universe that compel individuals and cultures to pursue astrology or astronomy, the intuitive or the analytical. Blending modern science, ancient science, mythology, history, literature, and naked-eye astronomy, and spiced with fascinating detail about astronomy, astrology, celestial mythology, and calendar development, the book is an engrossing study of the profound impact of mankind's relationship with the universe.
Les grands astronomes
Pr矇sentation de l'ouvrage: Il existe de nombreux types d'astronomes: de celui qui observe les 矇toiles et contemple les astres, au math矇maticien abstrait qui travaille depuis son bureau.Dans ces pages, mon but a 矇t矇 de raconter la vie de chaque astronome avec suffisamment de d矇tails pour que le lecteur puisse estimer, dans la mesure du caract癡re et de l'environnement de l'homme et je me suis efforc矇 d'indiquer aussi clairement que les circonstances le permettent, les principales caract矇ristiques de leurs d矇couvertes qui les ont rendues c矇l癡bres.Note de l'矇diteur pour la version imprim矇e: Afin d'礙tre plus agr矇able lors de la lecture, cet ouvrage est en format Beau Livre. Dans la m礙me optique, le papier est de couleur cr癡me, ce qui fatigue moins les yeux que le papier blanc. Toutes nos publications font l'objet d'un travail soign矇 tant au niveau typographique qu'au niveau du design.Note de l'矇diteur pour la version Kindle: Nos publications Kindle sont soigneusement con癟ues, avec une table des mati癡res, un index, des notes de bas de page et r矇f矇rences, l? o羅 cela est applicable. Un accent a 矇t矇 mis sur la typographie ainsi que le design.Vos commentaires sont les bienvenus sur discoverypublisher.com/fr/ - Merci d'avoir choisi Les ?ditions Discovery.
Molecular Physics
Introduction, The Physics of the electron, The positive particle, The new method of analysis, The nature and size of electron, The chemistry of the model atom, The atom in vibration, The molecular theory of matter, The Atom in dissolution
Notes on Practical Physics
Treatment of observations and determination of error, Description and mode of use of measuring instruments, Dynamics and general physics, Heat, Electricity and Magnetism, Light, Sound, Tables
Matter and Motion
Introduction, On Motion, On Force, On the properties of the centre of mass of a material system, On work and energy, Recapitulation, The Pendulum and Gravity, Universal Gravitation, On the Equations of Motion of a connected system, Appendix The relativity of the forces of nature, Appendix II The Principle of least action
Studies in Optics
Theory and applications of interference of light waves, Interference of light waves, The interferometer, Light wave analysis, Measurement of standard meter in light waves, Diffraction, Testing of optical surfaces, Diffraction gratings, The ruling of diffraction gratings, The echelon grating, Application of interference to astronomical investigation, Velocity of light, Effects of motion of the medium on velocity of light, Relativity, Metallic colors in birds and insects
The Einstein Theory of Relativity
The books in the reprint series have been carefully selected for their contemporary usefulness as well as their historical importance within the intellectual. We reconstruct the book with slight enhancements made for better presentation, without affecting historical importance within the intellectual. We reconstruct the book with slight enhancements made for better presentation, without affecting the contents of the original edition.
Relativity
The present book is intended, as far as possible, to give an exact insight into the theory of Relativity to those readers who, from a general scientific and philosophical point of view, are interested in the theory, but who are not conversant with the mathematical apparatus of theoretical physics. The author has spared himself no pains in his endeavour to present the main ideas in the simplest and most intelligible form, and on the whole, in the sequence and connection in which they actually originated.
Time Travel
Fact or fiction? Real or impossible? Movement through time explored, examined and explained! Albert Einstein's theory of relativity postulates, and scientists have proven, that the faster you travel, the slower time moves. Clocks on airplanes, satellites and rockets are slower than clocks on Earth, and time travel is indeed real. Can time machines, time-tunnel wormholes or tales of fictional time-traveling heroes be so far-fetched? Covering the history of time travel in both reality and fiction, Time Travel: The Science and Science Fiction investigates the long history, myths, science and stories of movement from the present to the past and into the future. Timely in its telling, Time Travel chronicles more than 30 instances, accounts, stories and famous examples of time slips, such as ... The theory of relativity showing the link between time and space H.G. Wells' epic novel of 1895: The Time Machine British physicist Stephen Hawking's famous paradoxes surrounding time travel Charlton Heston's character Taylor in the Planet of the Apes discovering that he is home, 2,000 years in the future Wormholes, the shortcuts through both space and time And many more! The idea of time travel fascinates because it offers the possibility, however remote, of revisiting and recapturing moments from our youth. And if travelers of the future have secretly visited us--well, that proves that our future is secure. Stories of time travel abound in books and film, and it's been a source of endless fascination--and speculation--surrounding UFO sightings and conspiracy theories. This richly researched reference ripples with fascinating information. With more than 120 photos and graphics, this tome is nicely illustrated. Time Travel also includes a helpful bibliography and an extensive index, adding to its usefulness. Time will fly by as you ponder the possibilities. Don't hesitate. There's no time like the present. Get your copy today. The future is waiting!
An Introduction to Electronics
The constitution of matter, The flow of Electricity, Radio communication, Reproduction of sound and picture, Modern sources of light, More power to the electron, Diverse applications of electronics,
Researches In MAGNETO-OPTICS
Modern Spectorscopes and resolving power, Magnetic Resolution of emission lines, the direct effect, Magnetic resolution of absorption lines the inverse effect, Complicated types of resolutions, relation between resolution and spectrum series, Phenomena closely allied to the magnetic resolution of absorption lines, Magnetic rotation of the plane of polarisation, Magnetic double refraction, Influence of the grating and the slit on the intensities of the components; purity of the circular polatisation, Dissymmetries and shifts, Solar Magneto optics, The inverse effect in directions inclined to the field applications to sun spot spectra, Chemical elements and magnetic resolution contributions to the constitution of the atom
Acoustics Light and Heat
Acoustics, Introductory-Wave Motion, Velocity of Sound0-Transmission through Gases, Liquids, and Solids, Reflexion of sound the ear inteference, Musical sounds determination of the number of vibrations, Transverso vibration of strings, Vibrations of columns of air the human voice sensitive flames, Theories of light photometry velocity, Refleion of light, Refraction of light, The eye far sight and short sight, Dispersion properties of spectrum, Colout spectrum analysis, Optical spectrum analysis, Optical Instruments, Interference of light diffraction, Polarization of light, Interference of polarised light chromatic effects circular and Elliptical polarization, Theories of heat expansion of solids, Expansion of liquids thermometry, Ebullition fusion congelation, Expansion of gases winds, vapour rain snow, Calorimetry latent heat, convection conduction combustion, Radiation absorption diathermancy, Dynamical principles mutual convertibility of heat and work mechanical equivalen of heat,
An Introduction to Acoustics
Introduction, Fundamental particle vibration theory, Plane waves in air, Waves in three dimensions, Interference patterns diffraction, Acoustic impedance behavior of horns, Longitudinal waves in different gases waves in liquids and solids, Stationary waves vibrating sources musical instruments, Reflection and absorption of sound waves, Speech and hearing, Sound measurements experimental acoustics, Reproduction of sound, Miscellaneous applied acoustics,
A Guide to Monte Carlo Simulations in Statistical Physics
Dealing with all aspects of Monte Carlo simulation of complex physical systems encountered in condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics, this book provides an introduction to computer simulations in physics. The 5th edition contains extensive new material describing numerous powerful algorithms and methods that represent recent developments in the field. New topics such as active matter and machine learning are also introduced. Throughout, there are many applications, examples, recipes, case studies, and exercises to help the reader fully comprehend the material. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers, both in academia and industry, who want to learn techniques that have become a third tool of physical science, complementing experiment and analytical theory.
Bioinstrumentation
The growth of science and technology is quite astonishing. Thissuccess is due to the development of new tools and techniques. Bioinstrumentation is defined asthe instrumentation techniques and principles for the measurementof physical, physiological, biochemical and biological factors inman or other living organisms. There was a long-felt need amongthe students and teachers of biology for a textbook that willconcentrate on the bioinstrumentation syllabus that has beenintroduced in the curriculum of life sciences of many Indianuniversities. The present work is an attempt to make available abook that will provide comprehensive knowledge about the basicprinciples and applications of the instruments generally used inbiology. This book also encompasses the tools and techniques usedin the growing field of molecular biology.
A Textbook of Sound
Section 1 Theory of Vibrations, Section II Vibrating systems and sources of sound, Section III Transmission of sound, Section IV Reception, Transformation, and measurement of sound energy, Section V Technical Applications
Conversations on Quantum Gravity
The holy grail of theoretical physics is to find the theory of everything that combines all the forces of nature, including gravity. This book addresses the question: how far are we from such discovery? Over the last few decades, multiple roads to finding a quantum theory of gravity have been proposed but no obvious description of nature has emerged in this domain. What is to be made of this situation? This volume probes the state-of-the art in this daunting quest of theoretical physics by collecting critical interviews with nearly forty leading theorists in this field. These broad-ranging conversations give important insights and candid opinions on the various approaches to quantum gravity, including string theory, loop quantum gravity, causal set theory and asymptotic safety. This unique, readable overview provides a gateway into cutting edge research for students and others who wish to engage with the open problem of quantum gravity.
Measurement and Detection of Radiation
As useful to students and nuclear professionals as its popular predecessors, this fifth edition provides the most up-to-date and accessible introduction to radiation detector materials, systems, and applications. There have been many advances in the field of radiation detection, most notably in practical applications. Incorporating these important developments, Measurement and Detection of Radiation, Fifth Edition provides the most up-to-date and accessible introduction to radiation detector materials, systems, and applications. It also includes more problems and updated references and bibliographies, and step-by-step derivations and numerous examples illustrate key concepts. New to the Fifth Edition: - Expanded chapters on semiconductor detectors, data analysis methods, health physics fundamentals, and nuclear forensics.- Updated references and bibliographies.- New and expanded problems.
Intermittency in Transitional Shear Flows
This book contains original peer-reviewed articles written by some of the most prominent international physicists active in the field of hydrodynamics. The topic is entirely devoted to the study of the transitional regimes of incompressible viscous flow found at the onset of turbulent flows. Nine articles written for this 2020 Special Issue of the journal Entropy (MDPI) have been gathered at the crossroads of fluid mechanics, statistical physics, complexity theory, and applied mathematics. They include experimental, analytic, and computational material of an academic level that has not been published anywhere else
Essential Astrophysics
This book takes a reader on a tour of astronomical phenomena: from the vastness of the interstellar medium, to the formation and evolution of stars and planetary systems, through to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes, the final objects of the stellar graveyard.
Space Supporting Africa
A Look at Governance throughout Africa.- E- Governance in Africa and the World.- Space Supporting Governance through Connectivity and Communication.- Space Supporting Governance through Applications for Human Development in Africa.
Imaging Light with Photoelectrons on the Nano-Femto Scale
1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 11.1 Collective Electron Oscillations ..................................................................................... 21.1.1 Plasma Model ...................................................................................................... 21.1.2 Localized Surface Plasmons (LSPs) .................................................................. 41.1.3 Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) ................................................................... 71.2 Techniques of Imaging Plasmon Related Phenomena .............................................. 121.2.1 Photoemission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) ................................................ 131.2.2 Low Energy Electron Microscopy (LEEM) .................................................... 171.2.3 Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) ...................................................... 192.0 Experimental Methods ......................................................................................................... 212.1 UHV Components of LEEM/PEEM ........................................................................... 212.1.1 Cold Field Electron Emission Gun .................................................................. 212.1.2 Electron Optics .................................................................................................. 222.1.3 Projection Column ............................................................................................ 252.1.4 Apertures ........................................................................................................... 262.2 Sample Preparation ...................................................................................................... 272.2.1 Sample Stage ...................................................................................................... 272.2.2 Silicon Substrate Preparation .......................................................................... 282.2.3 Single Crystal Silver Pyramids and Wires ..................................................... 292.2.4 Single Crystal Silver Islands ............................................................................ 302.2.5 Polycrystal Silver Film ...................................................................................... 31vii2.2.6 Surface Structuring by Focused Ion Beam ..................................................... 322.3 Source of Photoemission .............................................................................................. 342.3.1 Mercury Lamp .................................................................................................. 342.3.2 Non-colinear Optical Parametric Amplifier (NOPA) .................................... 342.3.3 Interferometric Pump Probe setup.................................................................. 363.0 Simulation Framework ......................................................................................................... 383.1 Finite Difference Time Domain Algorithm ................................................................ 383.2 Reproduction of Static PEEM Images ........................................................................ 423.3 Reproduction of Time-Resolved PEEM ..................................................................... 453.4 Huygens Principle Algorithm ...................................................................................... 484.0 Propagating Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) .......................
Developing Nucleon Self-Energies to Generate the Ingredients for the Description of Nuclear Reactions
This thesis develops the dispersive optical model into a tool that allows for the assessment of the validity of nuclear reaction models, thereby generating unambiguous removal probabilities of nucleons from valence orbits using the electron-induced proton knockout reaction. These removal probabilities document the substantial quantitative degree in which nuclei deviate from the independent-particle model description. Another outcome reported within is the prediction for the neutron distribution of Ca-40, Ca-48, and Pb-208. The neutron radii of these nuclei have direct relevance for the understanding of neutron stars and are currently the subject of delicate experiments. Unlike other approaches, the current method is consistent with all other relevant data and describes nuclei beyond the independent-particle model. Finally, a new interpretation of the saturation probabilities of infinite nuclear matter is proposed suggesting that the semi-empirical mass formula must be supplemented with a better extrapolation from nuclei to infinite matter.
Chemistry in Action
The thesis provides the necessary experimental and analytical tools to unambiguously observe the atomically resolved chemical reactions. A great challenge of modern science has been to directly observe atomic motions during structural transitions, and while this was first achieved through a major advance in electron source brightness, the information content was still limited and new methods for image reconstruction using femtosecond electron diffraction methods were needed. One particular challenge lay in reconciling the innumerable possible nuclear configurations with the observation of chemical reaction mechanisms that reproducibly give the same kind of chemistry for large classes of molecules. The author shows that there is a simple solution that occurs during barrier crossing in which the highly anharmonic potential at that point in nuclear rearrangements couples high- and low-frequency vibrational modes to give highly localized nuclear motions, reducing hundreds ofpotential degrees of freedom to just a few key modes. Specific examples are given in this thesis, including two photoinduced phase transitions in an organic system, a ring closure reaction, and two direct observations of nuclear reorganization driven by spin transitions. The emerging field of structural dynamics promises to change the way we think about the physics of chemistry and this thesis provides tools to make it happen.
Essential Astrophysics
This book takes a reader on a tour of astronomical phenomena: from the vastness of the interstellar medium, to the formation and evolution of stars and planetary systems, through to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes, the final objects of the stellar graveyard.
Predicting the T2K Neutrino Flux and Measuring Oscillation Parameters
This thesis reports the calculation of neutrino production for the T2K experiment; the most precise a priori estimate of neutrino production that has been achieved for any accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiment to date. The production of intense neutrino beams at accelerator facilities requires exceptional understanding of chains of particle interactions initiated within extended targets. In this thesis, the calculation of neutrino production for T2K has been improved by using measurements of particle production from a T2K replica target, taken by the NA61/SHINE experiment. This enabled the reduction of the neutrino production uncertainty to the level of 5%, which will have a significant impact on neutrino oscillation and interaction measurements by T2K in the coming years. In addition to presenting the revised flux calculation methodology in an accessible format, this thesis also reports a joint T2K measurement ofmuon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance, and the accompanying electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance, with the updated beam constraint.
Ionospheric Delay Investigation and Forecasting
This book highlights ionospheric delay investigation and forecasting using GPS-TEC measurements in the equatorial region. The ionospheric delay error is the main source of error and a major concern for GPS applications as it corrupts the positioning and time transfer results. In the equatorial region, the variations of the total electron content (TEC) and the ionospheric delay are recognized to be high when compared with other regions such as mid-latitude and high latitude. The investigation and forecasting of trans-ionospheric propagation errors are essential for precise measurement and further contribute valuable information to satellite and space probe navigation, space geodesy, radio astronomy and other applications.
On-Orbit Servicing
This book shares a range of new and diverse insights on On-Orbit Servicing (OOS), and examines its implications especially from political, legal, economic, and security perspectives. OSS has been evolving rapidly and presents both challenges and opportunities, such as in-space repairs, refuelling, refurbishment of spacecraft and servicing satellites, which could play a critical role in extending satellite lifecycles, while also representing a valuable next step in debris mitigation. At the same time, many legal questions have arisen in connection with OOS: the need to prevent hostile actions under the pretext of OSS; the distinction between governmental and non-governmental OOS operators; the status of re-worked and recycled space objects; the issue of control in terms of operations performed in orbit, i.e., in the international sphere; the status of objects manufactured in orbit and applicable law, including liability and registration; and the impacts on insurance law and risk management. Finally, the book examines the implications of OOS for emerging space actors in the Global South, and recommends a paradigm shift to help developing countries fully recognise the necessity and urgency of being involved in discussions on OSS, as opposed to leaving it up to the developed space actors. This book will be of great interest to practitioners, academics, and students working in the space sector and related fields.
Theory of Everything in Physics and the Universe
The author insists that our understanding of the World doesn't have to be based on mathematical formulas, but on deep understanding of the Physical processes of the Universe.He reveals how the correct understanding of what is a single dimension leads to understanding of the entire Universe.
Dynamical Systems and Nonlinear Waves in Plasmas
This book provides clear ideas on dynamical systems and waves in plasmas. It also presents derivation of different nonlinear evolution equations describing nonlinear plasma waves (ion-acoustic, dust-acoustic, dust-ion-acoustic, electron-acoustic) through a perturbative approach.
Photovoltaic Systems
This book gives comprehensive insight to the fault detection techniques implemented for photovoltaic panels including predictive maintenance needed to improve the performance of solar PV systems using Artificial Intelligence techniques. It explains fault identification algorithms and their significance in real-time power system applications.
Influence of Internal Degrees of Freedom on Electric and Related Molecular Properties
This book discusses the effect of the excitation of rotational, vibrational, and electronic degrees of freedom on the basic electrical properties of molecules and, as a consequence, on molecular optical and transport properties together with reactivity. It additionally summarizes the theory and practice of calculating state-specific electric and optical properties based on ab initio quantum chemical calculations. The book offers a clear, up-to-date review and is primarily intended for actively working researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates who are interested in the electric and related properties of the electronically, rotationally, and vibrationally excited molecules.
Answers to Questions People Are Actually Asking
Questions about science, God, science and God, God and science, and any other odd bits that might have snuck in. Answers, too. Disclaimer - we're not guaranteeing that the answers are right. But they're pretty danged good. We're also aware that not everyone is going to agree with any or all of the answers. Plus, life goes on and we discover new stuff and the answers change. We are totally aware that some people who don't like to talk about God and science together, some people who don't like to talk about God at all, and some people who talk about God all the time from a "certain" perspective won't like much of this at all. They should all read it. Learning to think better is often a useful thing.
Quantum Physics for Beginners
Is it possible for two objects to be in two places at once? Can cause and effect happen in reverse? Is time travel possible?Believe it or not, it is possible: welcome to the Quantum World!Unlike other arguments, however, the real difficulty is not in understanding, but in accepting something completely senseless, precisely in the right meaning of the term: not sensible, that is, contrary to the perception of our senses. You will notice that quantum mechanics is much "easier" than the theory of relativity.In fact, you could get a child to help you digest certain concepts. The great difficulty does not lie in their complexity, but their absurdity in terms of logic acquired after many years of existence in a world that constantly follows certain rules. The more the brain is free of preconceptions and ingrained notions, the better it is.You will learn: The Double-Slit Experiment;Quantum wave function;Feynman's works;The relation between waves and particles;The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle;How particles can be in multiple places at once;Quantum entanglement;The Schr繹dinger's cat thought experiment;The Copenhagen interpretation and need for an observer;...and much more!Quantum Physics is at the basis of all the technological innovations of today, from atomic energy to computer microelectronics, from digital clocks to lasers, semiconductor systems, photoelectric cells, diagnostic and treatment equipment for many diseases. In short, today we can live in a "modern" way thanks to Quantum Physics and its applications.This comprehensive beginner's guide to quantum mechanics explains the most important and stunning quantum experiments that show quantum physics is real.Are you ready? Let's dive deep into the fascinating science of Quantum Physics.Buy it now and get your copy!
Enchantment of Urania, The: 25 Centuries of Exploration of the Sky
Today we know much about the sky: how stars are born, how they live and die, and how the universe as a whole evolves. We have learned of the existence of another type of matter, indifferent to light and yet decisive for the formation of galaxies, and we have a hint of a dark energy that since the last 4.5 billion years has taken over the control of the cosmos. We postulated and then discovered and even photographed black holes and listened to the faint rustle of the space-time ripple produced when these monsters devour each other. We reached these astonishing results (recognized by a bunch of Nobel Prizes and filling every day the media with wonders for the eyes and the mind) by the marriage of physics and astronomy that unified the Earth with the sky and then by the leap forward of science and technology in the Twentieth Century. This rich heritage has ancient roots. It was built by accumulating discoveries with errors, observations with fantasies, myths, and superstitions with flashes of genius, over a span of millennia, since Homo sapiens, turning his eyes to the immutable and perfect sky, began to ask questions.The book is a narration of the answers to these questions that had evolved over time: a progressive path, inserted in the general history, with some second thoughts and many obstacles. This is a saga of men and machines where greatness sometimes mixes with misery and passion often borders on sacrifice and even martyrdom. Why should we know it? Because our current knowledge is the result of these efforts and of the preconceptions that accompanied them.The challenge has been to present this complex and intricate subject without resorting to any formulas, so that it can be accessible to a wide audience of curious people, including high school and university students and in general all those who normally keep themselves informed of scientific things. A rich bibliography has also been added in the appendix for those wishing to learn more on one or more topics.
The Many Facets of Complexity Science
This book explores recent developments in theoretical research and data analysis of real-world complex systems, organized in three parts, namely Entropy, information, and complexity functions Multistability, oscillations, and rhythmic synchronization Diffusions, rotation, and convection in fluids The collection of works devoted to the memory of Professor Valentin Afraimovich provides a deep insight into the recent developments in complexity science by introducing new concepts, methods, and applications in nonlinear dynamical systems covering physical problems and mathematical modelling relevant to economics, genetics, engineering vibrations, as well as classic problems in physics, fluid and climate dynamics, and urban dynamics. The book facilitates a better understanding of the mechanisms and phenomena in nonlinear dynamics and develops the corresponding mathematical theory to apply nonlinear design to practical engineering. It can be read by mathematicians, physicists, complex systems scientists, IT specialists, civil engineers, data scientists, and urban planners.
Enchantment of Urania, The: 25 Centuries of Exploration of the Sky
Today we know much about the sky: how stars are born, how they live and die, and how the universe as a whole evolves. We have learned of the existence of another type of matter, indifferent to light and yet decisive for the formation of galaxies, and we have a hint of a dark energy that since the last 4.5 billion years has taken over the control of the cosmos. We postulated and then discovered and even photographed black holes and listened to the faint rustle of the space-time ripple produced when these monsters devour each other. We reached these astonishing results (recognized by a bunch of Nobel Prizes and filling every day the media with wonders for the eyes and the mind) by the marriage of physics and astronomy that unified the Earth with the sky and then by the leap forward of science and technology in the Twentieth Century. This rich heritage has ancient roots. It was built by accumulating discoveries with errors, observations with fantasies, myths, and superstitions with flashes of genius, over a span of millennia, since Homo sapiens, turning his eyes to the immutable and perfect sky, began to ask questions.The book is a narration of the answers to these questions that had evolved over time: a progressive path, inserted in the general history, with some second thoughts and many obstacles. This is a saga of men and machines where greatness sometimes mixes with misery and passion often borders on sacrifice and even martyrdom. Why should we know it? Because our current knowledge is the result of these efforts and of the preconceptions that accompanied them.The challenge has been to present this complex and intricate subject without resorting to any formulas, so that it can be accessible to a wide audience of curious people, including high school and university students and in general all those who normally keep themselves informed of scientific things. A rich bibliography has also been added in the appendix for those wishing to learn more on one or more topics.
