Finding the Light
Finding the Light: Science and its Vision explains the development of classical and modern physics, and breakthroughs by a renowned medical research scientist. It explains how modern physics favors realism, over idealism, as the philosophical and ethical foundation of science. It describes growth in Christian faith by eminent scientists. It harmonizes scientific knowledge, philosophical knowledge, and faith, -a divine gift illuminating the mind and heart. Finding the Light orchestrates all these dynamics with lively biographies of Blaise Paschal and Alexis Carrel, celebrated French scientists who fully integrate faith and science in remarkably changed worlds, one living before and the other after the French Revolution. In very few pages Finding the Light is a treasury of scientific, biographical, historical, political, philosophical and religious pedagogy. Its simple, clear, confident storytelling style, reveals a scientist at peace with his life's work and his testimony to the mutual enrichment of science and Christian faith. Dr. James A Cannon (b.1933 - d.2020), after serving in the US Navy during the Korean war, studied and practiced journalism as managing editor of the Fordham University newspaper before switching his area of concentration to physics. He earned an MS at Columbia and a B.S. and Ph.D. at Fordham. He did basic research for Bell Labs but, having the heart of a teacher, left to pursue a career spanning five decades as a revered professor of physics and chemistry at Pace University in New York. A neurological injury led to his retirement. He suffered for a dozen years until complications from Parkinson's and Covid took his life. During this time, with the able assistance of his devoted wife, Monica, Dr. Cannon wrote Finding the Light: Science and its Vision, a culmination his life's work, his Catholic faith, his love of science and his love of teaching.
Fluid and Thermal Dynamics Answer Bank for Engineers
This book provides the essence of aerodynamics, fluid mechanics, experimental methods, gas dynamics, high enthalpy gas dynamics, helicopter aerodynamics, heat transfer, and thermodynamics, describing the underlying principles of these subjects before listing the set of multiple choice questions of each subject, which will prove to be useful for engineering students to comfortably face and win in the competitive examinations for engineering studies, engineering services, civil services, doctoral Degree program entrance and so on. This book will also be of value for those facing job interviews for academic positions in universities and research organizations or laboratories
Mars and Its Mystery
Mars and Its Mystery, has been regarded as significant work throughout human history, and in order to ensure that this work is never lost, we have taken steps to ensure its preservation by republishing this book in a contemporary format for both current and future generations. This entire book has been retyped, redesigned, and reformatted. Since these books are not made from scanned copies, the text is readable and clear.
Magnonic Devices
This book briefly looks at numerical modeling and micromagnetic simulation results of magnonic crystals, which are periodically modulated magnonic devices regarded as the magnetic counterpart of photonic crystals with spin waves acting as the information carrier. Since the wavelength of the spin wave is several orders of magnitude shorter than that of electromagnetic waves of the same frequency, magnonic crystals are promising candidates for miniaturization, especially in the fields of data storage and processing. The book begins by describing the dispersion relation of dipolar spin waves in a magnonic curved waveguide, solving Walker's equation in cylindrical coordinates, and then calculating the dispersion of exchange spin waves using perturbation theory. It describes simulated nano-contact-driven spin wave excitations in a magnonic cavity, featuring a design of an antidot magnonic crystal around the nano-contact, with the frequency of the spin wave mode generated lying within the band gap of the magnonic crystal. The proposed device behaves as a SWASER--Spin Wave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. This book will find interest among researchers and practitioners interested in the modeling, simulation, and design of novel magnonic devices.
Forecasting CO2 Sequestration with Enhanced Oil Recovery
The aim of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is to reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere and to mitigate its effects on climate change. Over the years, naturally occurring CO2 sources have been utilized in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects in the United States. This has presented an opportunity to supplement and gradually replace the high demand for natural CO2 sources with anthropogenic sources. There also exist incentives for operators to become involved in the storage of anthropogenic CO2 within partially depleted reservoirs, in addition to the incremental production oil revenues. These incentives include a wider availability of anthropogenic sources, the reduction of emissions to meet regulatory requirements, tax incentives in some jurisdictions, and favorable public relations.The United States Department of Energy has sponsored several Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) through its Carbon Storage program which have conducted field demonstrations for both EOR and saline aquifer storage. Various research efforts have been made in the area of reservoir characterization, monitoring, verification and accounting, simulation, and risk assessment to ascertain long-term storage potential within the subject storage complex. This book is a collection of lessons learned through the RCSP program within the Southwest Region of the United States. The scope of the book includes site characterization, storage modeling, monitoring verification reporting (MRV), risk assessment and international case studies.
Quantum Chromodynamics and the Pomeron
This volume describes the Pomeron, an object of crucial importance in very high energy particle physics. Starting with a general description of the Pomeron within the framework of Regge theory, the emergence of the Pomeron within scalar field theory is discussed, providing a natural foundation on which to develop the more realistic case of QCD. The reggeization of the gluon is demonstrated and used to build the Pomeron of perturbative QCD. The dynamical nature of the Pomeron and its role in small-x deep inelastic scattering and in diffractive scattering is also examined in detail. The volume concludes with a study of the colour dipole approach to high energy scattering and the explicit role of unitarity corrections. This book will be of interest to theoretical and experimental particle physicists, and applied mathematicians. First published in 1997, this title has been reissued as an Open Access publication on Cambridge Core.
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Practical Approach, Fourth Edition is an introduction to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) fundamentals and commercial CFD software to solve engineering problems. The book is designed for a wide variety of engineering students new to CFD, but is also ideal for practicing engineers learning CFD for the first time. Combining an appropriate level of mathematical background, worked examples, computer screen shots, and step-by-step processes, this book walks the reader through modeling and computing, as well as interpreting CFD results. This new edition has been updated throughout, with new content and improved figures, examples and problems.
Biomedical Methods
This book presents a comprehensive description of the basic concepts of soft matter mechanics and of the nano- and microscale biomedical methods that allow characterizing the mechanical properties of cells and tissues.
Solar thermal energy as renewable energy
Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Energy Sciences, grade: 2,0, University of Bremen (Institut Technik und Bildung), course: Erneuerbare Energien, language: English, abstract: Is the installation of a solar thermal system in Namibia for heating water or cooling food energetically reasonable? In the course of this term paper, general terminology will be discussed first and then pivot to the renewable energy form of solar thermal. This is examined over the current value for the total segment of the renewable energies, the necessary hardware (periphery), up to current application possibilities. In addition, a system for a fictitious example in Namibia is examined and its economic viability is considered. Finally, the work ends in a reflection and the corresponding conclusion. In Module 3.5 renewable Energies, we dealt extensively with various types of renewable energies. In the foreground were the better known renewable energies such as photovoltaics and wind power. In addition, we also dealt with geothermal energy, biomass, tidal power and solar thermal energy and about the planned grid expansion in the Federal Republic of Germany. In order to better understand and implement the creation and planning of renewable energy plants, a fictitious training center was established during the module in Namibia, which aims to use different concepts of renewable energy. Based on this fictitious training center, the benefits and the possibility of a solar thermal system also in Namibia will be investigated in more detail in this term paper. Not only the possibility of heating but also the possibility of cooling will be investigated.
Smart Antennas, Electromagnetic Interference and Microwave Antennas for Wireless Communications
This book covers all areas of smart antennas, electromagnetic interference, and microwave antennas for wireless communications. Smart antennas or adaptive antennas are multi-antenna components on one or both sides of a radio communication connection, combined with advanced signal processing algorithms. They've evolved into a critical technology for third-generation and beyond mobile communication systems to meet their lofty capacity and performance targets. It seems that a significant capacity gain is achievable, particularly if they are employed on both sides of the connection. There are several essential characteristics of these systems that need scientific and technical investigation. Included in the book are beamforming, massive MIMO, network MIMO, mmwave transmission, compressive sensing, MIMO radar, sensor networks, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, location, and machine learning.
There is not any black hole
In questo libro (scritto interamente in inglese) l'autore, partendo dall'equazione di campo di Einstein della Teoria della Relativit? Generale, corregge la soluzione di Schwarzschild, e mostra che, nella soluzione corretta di Schwarzschild, non c'癡 alcun orizzonte degli eventi e perci簷 non c'癡 alcun buco nero. Inoltre, l'autore estende tutto ci簷 alle sue dirette conseguenze, in particolare correggendo la soluzione di Kerr, la soluzione di Reissner-Nordstr繪m e la soluzione di Kerr-Newman. Poi, l'autore estende queste quattro soluzioni corrette (di Schwarzschild, di Kerr, di Reissner-Nordstr繪m e di Kerr-Newman) anche al caso in cui la costante cosmologica 癡 pi羅 grande di zero. D'altra parte, l'autore, partendo dalla forma generale dell'equazione di campo di Einstein della Teoria della Relativit? Generale, dimostra anche in generale l'inesistenza di qualsiasi orizzonte degli eventi, e perci簷 l'inesistenza di qualsiasi buco nero, nel campo di applicazione della Teoria della Relativit? Generale. Infine, l'autore esplora anche le conseguenze di tutto ci簷 sull'entropia dell'universo, sul processo di emissione di Hawking, sulla Teoria del Big Bang e sulle osservazioni astronomiche.
There is not any event horizon
In questo libro, l'autore, tenendo conto anche del contributo dell'energia potenziale gravitazionale alla determinazione delle masse gravitazionali delle particelle in un campo gravitazionale (contrariamente all'erroneo uso comune), trova che per le particelle con massa a riposo maggiore di zero c'癡 sempre una velocit? di fuga (minore della velocit? della luce nel vuoto c) da qualsiasi campo gravitazionale e che le particelle con massa a riposo uguale a zero sono sempre libere di andare via da qualsiasi campo gravitazionale. Conseguentemente, non c'癡 alcun orizzonte degli eventi, e perci簷 non c'癡 alcun buco nero. Inoltre, l'autore mostra anche che la presenza di un orizzonte degli eventi implicherebbe la violazione del principio di conservazione dell'energia. In particolare, tutto questo 癡 confermato anche dalla simmetria rispetto al tempo dell'equazione di campo di Einstein della Teoria della Relativit? Generale e dalle soluzioni corrette di tale equazione. Conseguentemente, questo libro pu簷 essere utile anche per spiegare in un modo lineare la possibilit? del Big Bang e la possibilit? di un universo ciclico. Infine, i risultati sperimentali finora sono in accordo con questo libro.
Experimental and numerical investigation of Rayleigh-B矇nard convection
La convezione di Rayleigh-B矇nard - il moto di un fluido guidato da forze di galleggiamento dovute a gradienti di temperatura nella direzione della gravit? - gioca un ruolo cruciale in molteplici processi che si verificano spontaneamente in natura o vengono utilizzati nelle applicazioni tecnologiche. La comprensione della sua inerente evoluzione caotica 癡 possibile soltanto mediante tecniche di misura che diano accesso alla distribuzione tridimensionale instazionaria di tutte le grandezze termofluidodinamiche del flusso. Il presente lavoro di ricerca si focalizza sull'applicazione della PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) tomografica allo studio della convezione di Rayleigh-B矇nard rotante e non-rotante all'interno di un cilindro allungato. La progettazione di un apparato sperimentale adatto a questo scopo e i relativi aspetti tecnici sono ampiamente discussi, mentre le misure eseguite in specifiche condizioni operative sono confrontate con i risultati di simulazioni numeriche dirette che includono gli effetti della presenza di una parete fisica.
Particle Physics
This updated edition is designed as a brief introduction to the fundamental particles that make up the matter in our universe. Numerous examples, figures, and simple explanations enable general readers and physics students to understand complex concepts related to the universe. Selected topics include atoms, quarks, accelerators, detectors, colliders, string theory, and more. FEATURESExplores the fundamental particles that make up the matter in our universeTopics include atoms, quarks, accelerators, detectors, colliders, string theory, and more
Sandwich Glazed Photovoltaic Thermal Collector. Performance Study
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2022 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, Anna University (Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College), course: PhD in Mechanical Engineering, language: English, abstract: The photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) based system is a newer, more efficient substitute for the conventional form of the PV module. A PV/T system is a combined product of a standard PV module and solar thermal collector components that generates both electrical power and heat from a single integrated unit. The thermal collector components absorb the excess heat with the help of a working medium like water, air and nanofluid from the PV module and utilise it for domestic and industrial applications. Therefore, producing electrical power and heat from a single PV/T system is an intellectual concept that can meet both energy requirements. A novel Sandwich Glazed Photovoltaic (SGPV) module has been designed and fabricated to be used in the photovoltaic thermal system instead of the standard photovoltaic (SPV) module to address the problem of overheating. However, the bottom layer material and geometry of the PV module were changed in this work to improve the performance of the system. Initially, the temperature in the various layers and the photovoltaic efficiency of SPV and SGPV modules were obtained from the experiments. Furthermore, 3D models of SPV and SGPV modules were developed using Solid Works software, and temperature distribution and heat flow within the modules were investigated using ANSYS software. Finally, the mechanism behind the change in photovoltaic efficiency with respect to temperature is determined from the experiment and thermal analysis results. The maximum photovoltaic efficiency of the SPV and SGPV modules was 10.8% and 11.1%, respectively, and it was discovered that the SGPV module outperforms the SPV module. After that, the Sandwich Glazed Photovoltaic Thermal (SGPV/T) system was developed using the SGPV module. Subsequently, th
Conformal Field Theory for Particle Physics
This book is a set of introductory lecture notes on Conformal Field Theory (CFT). Unlike most existing reviews on the subject, CFT is presented here from the perspective of a unitary quantum field theory in Minkowski space-time. The book starts with a non-perturbative formulation of quantum field theory (Wightman axioms) and then, gradually, focuses on the implications of scale and special conformal symmetry, all the way to the modern conformal bootstrap. This approach includes topics such as subtleties of conformal transformations in Minkowski space-time, the construction of Wightman functions and time-ordered correlators both in position- and momentum-space, unitarity bounds derived from the spectral representation, and the appearance of UV and IR divergences. In each chapter, the reader finds useful exercises to master the subject. This book is meant for graduate students in theoretical physics and for more advanced researchers working in high-energy physics who are not necessarily familiar with the concepts of conformal field theory. Prior knowledge of quantum field theory is needed to master the arguments.
Artificial Intelligence for Scientific Discoveries
Will research soon be done by artificial intelligence, thereby making human researchers superfluous? This book explains modern approaches to discovering physical concepts with machine learning and elucidates their strengths and limitations. The automation of the creation of experimental setups and physical models, as well as model testing are discussed. The focus of the book is the automation of an important step of the model creation, namely finding a minimal number of natural parameters that contain sufficient information to make predictions about the considered system. The basic idea of this approach is to employ a deep learning architecture, SciNet, to model a simplified version of a physicist's reasoning process. SciNet finds the relevant physical parameters, like the mass of a particle, from experimental data and makes predictions based on the parameters found. The author demonstrates how to extract conceptual information from such parameters, e.g., Copernicus' conclusion that the solar system is heliocentric.
Introduction to Matter and Radiation
Introduction to Matter and Radiation is a comprehensive book that illustrates the basic concepts of matter and radiation in physics. This book is written for students who are following the G.C.E (A/L) physics, physics teachers, first-year undergraduate students, and those interested in the important concept of matter and radiation in physics. It covers the fundamental topics in modern physics, nuclear physics, and elementary particle physics.The main objective of this book is to present the subject material in a simple and lucid style so that it can be easy to comprehend the relevant concepts and learn the techniques to find the solution to problems. This book has nine chapters covering various aspects of matter and radiation. Each chapter includes numerous well-labelled illustrations, drawings, graphs, and tables. In order to give an opportunity for the learner to examine his/her understanding of the concepts behind the subject and to enlighten the content in a more profound sense, several questions in the form of activities are included in all chapters. In addition, to improve problem-solving techniques, the questions have been framed in the following categories: conceptual questions, numerical questions, and practice questions. These questions are of varying difficulty and are carefully structured to guide the user in recognizing concepts and principles. These questions are included at the end of each chapter. Answers to most of the questions are given at the end of the book.
Hadronic Jets (Second Edition)
This second edition course text provides a general overview of jet physics by presenting the basic experimental and theoretical problems arising when dealing with jets, and describing the solutions proposed in recent years. As a second edition, this book builds upon and complements the first through updated and significantly expanded chapters and the inclusion of fully worked-out example scenarios.
Graphene for Electronics
Graphene is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice. Graphene's unique properties of thinness and conductivity have led to global research into its applications as a semiconductor. With the ability to well conduct electricity at room temperature, graphene semiconductors could easily be implemented into the existing semiconductor technologies and, in some cases, successfully compete with the traditional ones, such as silicon. This reprint presents very recent results in the physics of graphene, which can be important for applying the material in electronics.
Soft Photonic Crystals and Metamaterials
This Special Issue on "Soft Photonic Crystals and Metamaterials" from Materials consists of 10 papers that highlight recent advances in a broad scope of optical-wavelength and sub-wavelength structures made of soft materials and particles. Soft matter shows plenty of unique and improved optical properties for deep scientific understanding, thereby promoting fabrication, characterization and device performance for potential photonic applications that include, but are not limited to, photovoltaic cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, tunable microlasers, optical filters for biosensors, smart windows, virtual/augmented reality head-mounted elements, and high-speed spatial light modulators in glasses-free 3D displays.
Fundamental Principles of Nuclear Engineering
Chapter 1 Fundamentals of mathematics and physics Chapter 2 Thermodynamics Chapter 3 Heat transferChapter 4 Fluid flowChapter 5 Electrical ScienceChapter 6 Instrumentation & controlChapter 7 Chemistry and chemical engineeringChapter 8 Material ScienceChapter 9 Mechanical Science Chapter 10 Nuclear physics Chapter 11 Reactor theory Chapter 12 Radiation protection
Physics Education
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the theoretical background and practice of physics teaching and learning and assists in the integration of highly interesting topics into physics lessons. Researchers in the field, including experienced educators, discuss basic theories, the methods and some contents of physics teaching and learning, highlighting new and traditional perspectives on physics instruction. A major aim is to explain how physics can be taught and learned effectively and in a manner enjoyable for both the teacher and the student. Close attention is paid to aspects such as teacher competences and requirements, lesson structure, and the use of experiments in physics lessons. The roles of mathematical and physical modeling, multiple representations, instructional explanations, and digital media in physics teaching are all examined. Quantitative and qualitative research on science education in schools is discussed, as quality assessment of physics instruction. The book is of great value to researchers involved in the teaching and learning of physics, to those training physics teachers, and to pre-service and practising physics teachers.
Complexity Science
Ecosystems, the human brain, ant colonies, and economic networks are all complex systems displaying collective behaviour, or emergence, beyond the sum of their parts. Complexity science is the systematic investigation of these emergent phenomena, and stretches across disciplines, from physics and mathematics, to biological and social sciences. This introductory textbook provides detailed coverage of this rapidly growing field, accommodating readers from a variety of backgrounds, and with varying levels of mathematical skill. Part I presents the underlying principles of complexity science, to ensure students have a solid understanding of the conceptual framework. The second part introduces the key mathematical tools central to complexity science, gradually developing the mathematical formalism, with more advanced material provided in boxes. A broad range of end of chapter problems and extended projects offer opportunities for homework assignments and student research projects, with solutions available to instructors online. Key terms are highlighted in bold and listed in a glossary for easy reference, while annotated reading lists offer the option for extended reading and research.
What's Up with Astronomy?
Designed to help students better understand how science works and how it impacts their daily lives, What's Up with Astronomy? provides readers with an illuminating discussion of how astronomy became a science, the lived experiences and contributions of key astronomers throughout time, and how modern scientific theories are questioned and checked. The opening chapter illustrates how Earth's rotation gives us the day, Earth's orbit gives us the year, Earth's tilt gives us the seasons, and the moon's orbit gives us the month-immediately showing students how astronomy influences our everyday lives. Additional chapters cover early discoveries regarding planets, the composition of light, using telescopes, what stars are made of and how they move, what we know about the sun, and the power of stars. Students learn about the life cycles of stars, neutron stars, black holes, the Milky Way, galaxies, cosmology, and planet formation. The final chapter focuses on our search for other signs of life in the universe. Concise, easy-to-read, and highly engaging, What's Up with Astronomy? is designed to help students develop their innate scientific curiosity and engage in scientific inquiry. It is an exemplary textbook for non-science majors and introductory courses in astronomy.
What's Up with Astronomy?
Designed to help students better understand how science works and how it impacts their daily lives, What's Up with Astronomy? provides readers with an illuminating discussion of how astronomy became a science, the lived experiences and contributions of key astronomers throughout time, and how modern scientific theories are questioned and checked. The opening chapter illustrates how Earth's rotation gives us the day, Earth's orbit gives us the year, Earth's tilt gives us the seasons, and the moon's orbit gives us the month-immediately showing students how astronomy influences our everyday lives. Additional chapters cover early discoveries regarding planets, the composition of light, using telescopes, what stars are made of and how they move, what we know about the sun, and the power of stars. Students learn about the life cycles of stars, neutron stars, black holes, the Milky Way, galaxies, cosmology, and planet formation. The final chapter focuses on our search for other signs of life in the universe. Concise, easy-to-read, and highly engaging, What's Up with Astronomy? is designed to help students develop their innate scientific curiosity and engage in scientific inquiry. It is an exemplary textbook for non-science majors and introductory courses in astronomy.
Artificial Intelligence in Radiation Oncology
The clinical use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in radiation oncology is in its infancy. However, it is certain that AI is capable of making radiation oncology more precise and personalized with improved outcomes. Radiation oncology deploys an array of state-of-the-art technologies for imaging, treatment, planning, simulation, targeting, and quality assurance while managing the massive amount of data involving therapists, dosimetrists, physicists, nurses, technologists, and managers. AI consists of many powerful tools which can process a huge amount of inter-related data to improve accuracy, productivity, and automation in complex operations such as radiation oncology.This book offers an array of AI scientific concepts, and AI technology tools with selected examples of current applications to serve as a one-stop AI resource for the radiation oncology community. The clinical adoption, beyond research, will require ethical considerations and a framework for an overall assessment of AI as a set of powerful tools.30 renowned experts contributed to sixteen chapters organized into six sections: Define the Future, Strategy, AI Tools, AI Applications, and Assessment and Outcomes. The future is defined from a clinical and a technical perspective and the strategy discusses lessons learned from radiology experience in AI and the role of open access data to enhance the performance of AI tools. The AI tools include radiomics, segmentation, knowledge representation, and natural language processing. The AI applications discuss knowledge-based treatment planning and automation, AI-based treatment planning, prediction of radiotherapy toxicity, radiomics in cancer prognostication and treatment response, and the use of AI for mitigation of error propagation. The sixth section elucidates two critical issues in the clinical adoption: ethical issues and the evaluation of AI as a transformative technology.
Biophysics of Insect Flight
This book basically involves the study of flight parameters, wing beat frequency, moment of inertia, and wing movements for developing various aerodynamic forces which have been calculated. The book is intended for biologists, physicists, nanotechnologists, and aerospace engineers. Resilin, an elastic polymer (4 λ) which is present at the base of insect, plays a major role in Neurogenic and Myogenic insect flyers and influences the physiology of flight muscles. Leading edge vortex (LEV) is a special feature of insect flight. Insect wings have stalling angle above 60 degrees as compared to a man-made aeroplane stalling angle which is 16 degree. Reynolds number, the knowledge of LEV, and detailed study of moment of inertia help in developing flapping flexible wings for micro-aerial-vehicles. This book serves as an interface between biologists and engineers interested to develop biomimicking micro-aerial-vehicles. The contents of this book is useful to researchers and professionals alike.
Secure and Sustainable Energy System
This special issue aims to contribute to the climate actions which called for the need to address Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, keeping global warming to well below 2簞C through various means, including accelerating renewables, clean fuels, and clean technologies into the entire energy system. As long as fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil) are still used in the foreseeable future, it is vital to ensure that these fossil fuels are used cleanly through abated technologies. Financing the clean and energy transition technologies is vital to ensure the smooth transition towards net zero emission by 2050 or beyond. The lack of long‐term financing, the low rate of return, the existence of various risks, and the lack of capacity of market players are major challenges to developing sustainable energy systems.This special collected 17 high-quality empirical studies that assess the challenges for developing secure and sustainable energy systems and provide practical policy recommendations. The editors of this special issue wish to thank the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) for funding several papers that were published in this special issue.
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Sciences
PART I: Sustainable Chemistry.- Chapter 1 - Acoustic Performance of Mixing EFB and OPF Low-Density Fibreboards in Different Thickness.- Chapter 2 - Modified Alginate Adsorbent Using Ionic Liquid for Manganese Removal from Aqueous Solution.- Chapter 3 - Synthesis and Modification of Pour Point Depressant (PPD) Based on Copolymers of -Olefins and Maleic Anhydride for Waxy Crude Oil.- Chapter 4 - Effects of NPK Fertilizers on the Growth, Yield and Chemical Content of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. Mill).- Chapter 5 - Production of Greener Biodiesel from a Low Cost CaO Catalysts of Waste Freshwater Shells.- Chapter 6 - CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol: Effects of Reaction Temperatures and Pellet Crushing on the Catalytic Performance.- Chapter 7 - Catalytic Conversion of CO2 into Alcohols: Comparison of Supports Raman Spectroscopy of TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Hydrolysis of TiCl4: Effect of Sulfate Ions Concentration.- Chapter 8 - Presence of Exo-Microbes in Coconut Endosperm Waste in Enhancing Black Soldier Fly Larval Palatability.
Density Functionals for Many-Particle Systems: Mathematical Theory and Physical Applications of Effective Equations
Density Functional Theory (DFT) first established it's theoretical footing in the 1960s from the framework of Hohenberg-Kohn theorems. DFT has since seen much development in evaluation techniques as well as application in solving problems in Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry.This review volume, part of the IMS Lecture Notes Series, is a collection of contributions from the September 2019 Workshop on the topic, held in the Institute for Mathematical Sciences, National University of Singapore.With contributions from prominent Mathematicians, Physicists, and Chemists, the volume is a blend of comprehensive review articles on the Mathematical and the Physicochemical aspects of DFT and shorter contributions on particular themes, including numerical implementations.The book will be a useful reference for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as researchers.
Galileo Galilei's "Two New Sciences"
This book aims to make Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) accessible to the modern reader by refashioning the great scientist's masterpiece "Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations Relating to Two New Sciences" in today's language. Galileo Galilei stands as one of the most important figures in history, not simply for his achievements in astronomy, physics, and engineering and for revolutionizing science and the scientific method in general, but also for the role that he played in the (still ongoing) drama concerning entrenched power and its desire to stifle any knowledge that may threaten it. Therefore, it is important that today's readers come to understand and appreciate what Galilei accomplished and wrote. But the mindset that shapes how we see the world today is quite different from the mindset -- and language -- of Galilei and his contemporaries. Another obstacle to a full understanding of Galilei's writings is posed by the countless historical, philosophical, geometrical, and linguistic references he made, along with his often florid prose, with its blend of Italian and Latin. De Angelis' new rendition of the work includes translations of the original geometrical figures into algebraic formulae in modern notation and allows the non-specialist reader to follow the thread of Galileo's thought and in a way that was barely possible until now.
Dynamic Soaring Dissected
Dynamic Soaring Dissected Albatrosses fly over the oceans in swooping, curving flight gliding thousands of kilometres in search of food, mostly without flapping their wings. This is known as dynamic soaring, which is the use of the energy of the horizontal wind to sustain speed and height. It is different from the soaring flight of most other birds and gliders which use the vertical motion of the air to maintain or gain height. Since the 1880's, a time before manned gliding flight had been achieved, the mechanism of dynamic soaring has been poorly explained by the Rayleigh cycle or the wind gradient theory. However, there is more to dynamic soaring than the wind gradient and furthermore, the true nature of albatross flight has only recently been revealed by filming and GPS tracking. Dynamic Soaring Dissected takes up the discussion where it was left in the 19th century and explains how aircraft and birds fly. It looks at albatross flight through the lens of electronic tracking and takes us on a foraging trip with an albatross in long-distance soaring flight. In the Windward Turn Theory, it describes the mechanism of dynamic soaring and the hidden effect of the wind on a bird or an aircraft in flight. It explains the way that albatrosses are able to turn this effect to their advantage and how they are able to dynamic soar crosswind, upwind and downwind. It also describes how radio-control gliders can achieve huge speeds in circling flight and settles the perennial debate on the Myth of the Downwind Turn and what really happens when an aircraft turns downwind and ends up in a stall and spin accident.
A Teacher Prepares
"It is incredible. In 10 minutes, you have shown us the path to success in science education. We have been searching for this insight for decades. This book explains it all." Mark B. Moss, Waterhouse Professor of Neurobiology and Anatomy (emeritus), Boston University School of Medicine The deep insight of the SymmetryScience method is that the brain itself is an organized, structured system that grows and changes as it learns. Developmental neurobiological and psychological learning is always interacting in a structured way. Subject matter is also organized into a structured system of knowledge. Changing brains learn systems of knowledge on different paths that are individualized. Knowing which path to follow and in what order is teaching, or pedagogy. Three constructs are defined in this book. All use the principles of systems and models.The Cybernetic Sequence defines the neurobiology of the brain as it builds an internal model of the world from stimulus to the application of knowledge.The Progression of Inquiry is the practice of modern science as observations of our world progress through descriptive, explanatory, and experimental models. Modern science discovers truth by skepticism of, and experiment on, those models. The Progression of Inquiry is the foundation to learning and practicing science, mathematics and critical thinking.The Cycle of Pedagogy integrates how the neurobiologically changing brain can be taught to build internal models of knowledge. This interaction of a changing brain with knowledge in a learner-centric fashion is the center of the successful teaching and the SymmetryScience method.A Teacher Prepares shows how these key tools for teaching children science, technology, and critical thinking can be a practical part of daily living. This book is a guide for parents, teachers, and anyone who wants to be clear and effective at teaching scientific and critical thinking skills to any student at every age and level.his
Motion, Symmetry & Spectroscopy of Chiral Nanostructures
This book focuses on complex shaped micro- and nanostructures for future biomedical and sensing applications that were investigated by both theory and experiments.The first part of the book explores rotation-translation coupling of artificial microswimmers at low Reynolds numbers. Usually corkscrew shapes, i.e chiral shapes, are considered in such experiments, due to their inspiration from nature. However, the analysis of the relevant symmetries shows that achiral objects can also be propulsive, which is experimentally demonstrated for the first time.In the second part, a new single-particle spectroscopy technique was developed and the role of symmetry in such measurements is carefully examined. Spectra stemming from one individual nanoparticle that is moving freely in bulk solution, away from a surface, and only due to Brownian motion, are presented. On that basis, the rotationally averaged chiroptical spectrum of a single nanoparticle is measured - a novel observablethat has not been accessible before.
Fundamentals of Particle Accelerator Physics
This book offers a concise and coherent introduction to accelerator physics and technology at the fundamental level but still in connection to advanced applications ranging from high-energy colliders to most advanced light sources, i.e., Compton sources, storage rings and free-electron lasers. The book is targeted at accelerator physics students at both undergraduate and graduate levels, but also of interest also to Ph.D. students and senior scientists not specialized in beam physics and accelerator design, or at the beginning of their career in particle accelerators.The book introduces readers to particle accelerators in a logical and sequential manner, with paragraphs devoted to highlight the physical meaning of the presented topics, providing a solid link to experimental results, with a simple but rigorous mathematical approach. In particular, the book will turn out to be self-consistent, including for example basics of Special Relativity and Statistical Mechanics for accelerators. Mathematical derivations of the most important expressions and theorems are given in a rigorous manner, but with simple and immediate demonstration where possible.The understanding gained by a systematic study of the book will offer students the possibility to further specialize their knowledge through the wide and up-to-date bibliography reported. Both theoretical and experimental items are presented with reference to the most recent achievements in colliders and light sources. The author draws on his almost 20-years long experience in the design, commissioning and operation of accelerator facilities as well as on his 10-years long teaching experience about particle accelerators at the University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and of Physics, as well as at international schools on accelerator physics.
Lecture Notes on Acoustics and Noise Control
This textbook provides a guide to the fundamental principles of acoustics in a straightforward manner using a solid foundation in mathematics and physics. It is designed for those who are new to acoustics and noise control, and includes all the necessary material for a comprehensive understanding of the topic. It is written in lecture-note style and can be easily adapted to an acoustics-related one semester course at the senior undergraduate or graduate level. The book also serves as a ready reference for the practicing engineer new to the application of acoustic principles arising in product design and fabrication.
Stories from the Deep Earth
Chapter 1. Deep Earth and deep time, big ideas and big egos.- Chapter 2. The accidental geophysicist.- Chapter 3. A propitious time.- Chapter 4. Water, heat, time, mountains.- Chapter 5. Yielding rocks.- Chapter 6. Vagrant continents.- Chapter 7. Like nothing we've seen before.- Chapter 8. Novel ideas: plates and plumes.- Chapter 9. But what is the driving mechanism?.- Chapter 10. Chemistry and egos muscle in.- Chapter 11. Making it a science?.- Chapter 12. Some clarity: two convection modes, interacting.- Chapter 13. Earth's lessons: humility, power and science.- Chapter 14. Some chemical clarifying.- Chapter 15. Too noble?.- Chapter 16. Perspective; Imperfect but better than shouting
General Relativity
The latest volume in the New York Times-bestselling physics series explains Einstein's masterpiece: the general theory of relativity He taught us classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and special relativity. Now, physicist Leonard Susskind, assisted by a new collaborator, Andr矇 Cabannes, returns to tackle Einstein's general theory of relativity. Starting from the equivalence principle and covering the necessary mathematics of Riemannian spaces and tensor calculus, Susskind and Cabannes explain the link between gravity and geometry. They delve into black holes, establish Einstein field equations, and solve them to describe gravity waves. The authors provide vivid explanations that, to borrow a phrase from Einstein himself, are as simple as possible (but no simpler). An approachable yet rigorous introduction to one of the most important topics in physics, General Relativity is a must-read for anyone who wants a deeper knowledge of the universe's real structure.
Physics with Excel and Python
This book is intended to serve as a basic introduction to scientific computing by treating problems from various areas of physics - mechanics, optics, acoustics, and statistical reasoning in the context of the evaluation of measurements. After working through these examples, students are able to independently work on physical problems that they encounter during their studies. For every exercise, the author introduces the physical problem together with a data structure that serves as an interface to programming in Excel and Python. When a solution is achieved in one application, it can easily be translated into the other one and presumably any other platform for scientific computing. This is possible because the basic techniques of vector and matrix calculation and array broadcasting are also achieved with spreadsheet techniques, and logical queries and for-loops operate on spreadsheets from simple Visual Basic macros. So, starting to learn scientific calculation with Excel, e.g., at High School, is a targeted road to scientific computing. The primary target groups of this book are students with a major or minor subject in physics, who have interest in computational techniques and at the same time want to deepen their knowledge of physics. Math, physics and computer science teachers and Teacher Education students will also find a companion in this book to help them integrate computer techniques into their lessons. Even professional physicists who want to venture into Scientific Computing may appreciate this book.
Active Seismic Tomography
Imaging complex regions or difficult terrains like the sub-volcanic sediments or thrust fold belt areas is crucial to understanding the earth's subsurface. Active Seismic Tomography: Theory and Applications describes current technologies for the study of seismic velocities and the elucidation of fine details of the subsurface. Key use cases include hydrocarbon reservoir characterization, identification of faults and channels, and stratigraphic and structural traps.Volume highlights include: Theory and development of seismic tomographyNumerous examples of the interpretation and analysis of active source seismic data Relevance of tomography data for computational geophysicists This volume is a valuable resource for academics and professionals interested in using or developing integrated imaging approaches of the Earth's subsurface.
Introduction to Rocket Science and Space Exploration
The growing demand of space services for imaging, mobile communication, global positioning systems and disaster management, life extension of satellites by fueling, space station operations, deflecting incoming asteroids, and reducing debris from orbits, requires reusable rockets. The chapters in the book cover understanding of the universe, history of rockets, space missions, satellites, the principle of rocketry, its design and development, rocket technology, the solar system, the environment and protection of earth, and thoughts on Earth 2.0. Features: Explores the link between universe, space exploration, and rocketry. Discusses topics such as protection of the Earth from asteroids, debris, and global warming. Includes basic methodology to be adopted to design rockets for various applications. Covers use of multi-objective optimisation to realise a system and differences in design philosophies for satellite launch. Examines material on environmental protection of the Earth. This book is aimed at senior undergraduates and professionals in aerospace engineering.
Condensed Matter Physics
This book connects modern experimental discoveries with theoretical and fundamental concepts. It introduces the interacting and non-interacting aspects of fermionic systems and introduces the role of topology and symmetry in understanding material properties.
An Overview of General Relativity and Space-Time
This textbook equips Masters' students studying Physics and Astronomy with the necessary mathematical tools to understand the basics of General Relativity and its applications.
Mars
No other planet in our Solar System has fascinated humankind more than Mars. What is it about this dusty, dry world that has captured our imaginations and driven us to explore it? Named after the Roman god of war, Mars is one of the most intensely studied planets in our Solar System. Beginning with our earliest studies of the 'red planet', Patricia Skelton embarks on a journey of discovery, encompassing everything from ancient astronomy to contemporary pop culture. Learn about the space missions that have transformed our understanding of Mars, the rovers that call it home today and the challenges facing us as we aim to send humans there in the future.
