Conservation
A unified theory of conservation that addresses the broad problem of conservation, the principles that inform conservation choices, and the application of those principles to the management of the natural world. The conservation of natural resources, like that of any other asset, involves trade-offs. Yet, in a world faced with the harsh realities of climate change, crafting the right environmental policies is an increasingly urgent task. In Conservation, Charles Perrings and Ann Kinzig bring together new research in economics and biodiversity to investigate conservation decisions and the theory behind them. Perrings and Kinzig apply the concept of conservation broadly to examine how the principles of conservation apply to the management of the natural world. They demonstrate that the same basic principles serve as the foundation of all rational conservation decisions, from managing financial assets to safeguarding at-risk ecosystems. Whether someone is deciding to hold or dispose of a stock or whether to exploit or preserve a natural resource, they are better off choosing to conserve a resource when its value to them, if conserved, is greater than its value when converted. The book also considers the context of such conservation decisions. Just as national tax rules influence choices about financial investments, environmental regulations within countries, and environmental agreements between countries, impact the decisions regarding natural resources. Building on their basic theory of conservation, Perrings and Kinzig address key issues in the field of environmental economics, including the valuation of ecosystem services and environmental assets; the limits on the substitutability of produced and natural capital; and the challenges posed by the often weak markets for ecosystem services oriented toward the public good. They also address the problem of scale: while decisions might be easier to make at the local level, many conservation policies need to apply at either the national or international level to succeed. Written by experts from both social and hard sciences, this book presents a unified theory of conservation and provides a model for a more effective way to approach the vitally important issue.
Sand, Stars, Wind, & Water
In 2011, Good Morning America viewers voted Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore in northwest lower Michigan the "Most Beautiful Place in America." Long before the park was ranked as a national favorite, author Tim Mulherin began exploring the region - including Leelanau and Grand Traverse counties and other points north - as a frequent visitor. Now, in Sand, Stars, Wind, & Water: Field Notes from Up North, Mulherin tells of his love of the area and its people, and in turn encourages visitors to respect and enjoy this national treasure. Mulherin joyfully shares his enduring, decades-long friendship with the region, born of hiking and cross-country skiing on woodland trails, dune climbing, trout fishing, sailing across Lake Michigan to camp on South Manitou and Garden islands, kayaking crystalline waters of local lakes and rivers, driving the scenic M-22 highway, and savoring downtime on Lake Michigan beaches. His essays are also a timely commentary on invasive species - both aquatic and human. Anyone who has visited this special place - or plans to - will find Mulherin's writing a thoughtful and amusing representation of what being "Up North" is really all about.
Stem in the Technopolis: The Power of Stem Education in Regional Technology Policy
This book addresses how forward-thinking local communities are integrating pre-college STEM education, STEM pedagogy, industry clusters, college programs, and local, state and national policies to improve educational experiences, drive local development, gain competitive advantage for the communities, and lead students to rewarding careers. This book consists of three sections: foundational principles, city/regional case studies from across the globe, and state and national context. The authors explore the hypothesis that when pre-college STEM education is integrated with city and regional development, regions can drive a virtuous cycle of education, economic development, and quality of life.Why should pre-college STEM education be included in regional technology policy? When local leaders talk about regional policy, they usually talk about how government, universities and industry should work together. This relationship is important, but what about the hundreds of millions of pre-college students, taught by tens of millions of teachers, supported by hundreds of thousands of volunteers, who deliver STEM education around the world? Leaders in the communities featured in STEM in the Technopolis have recognized the need to prepare students at an early age, and the power of real-world connections in the process. The authors advocate for this approach to be expanded. They describe how STEM pedagogy, priority industry clusters, cross-sector collaboration, and the local incarnations of global development challenges can be made to work together for the good of all citizens in local communities. This book will be of interest to government policymakers, school administrators, industry executives, and non-profit executives. The book will be useful as a reference to teachers, professors, industry professional volunteers, non-profit staff, and program leaders who are developing, running, or teaching in STEM programs or working to improve quality of lifein their communities.
Applying Bio-Measurements Methodologies in Science Education Research
Chapter 1. Cognitive Processes and Eye-Tracking Methodology (Anja Podlesek).- Chapter 2. The Interplay of Motivation and Visual Attention in Understanding Science Concepts (Mojca Jurisevič).- Chapter 3. Predicting Task Difficulty by Means of Psychophysiology (Junos Lukan).- Chapter 4. Discussion of Visual Attention for Solving Multiple Choice Science Problem: An Eye-Tracking Analysis (Miroslawa Sajka).- Chapter 5. The Application of Eye Tracking to Chemistry Education Research - A Review of the Literature (Jessica R. VandenPlas).- Chapter 6. Using Eye-Tracker to Study Students' Attention Allocation During Solving Tasks of Specific States of Water Comprising Dynamic 3D Submicrorepresentations (Miha Slapničar).- Chapter 7. Students' Attention Allocation when Solving a Context-based Problem of Process During the Opening of a Bottle of Mineral Water (Jerneja Pavlin).- Chapter 8. Using Eye-Tracking Approach to Explain Students' Achievements in Solving the Task about Burning by Applying Chemistry Triplet (Iztok Devetak).- Chapter 9. Reading Organic Chemistry Equations: An Eye-Tracking Study (Katherine L. Havanki).- Chapter 10. The Role of the Explanatory Key in Solving Tasks Based on Submicroscopic Representations (Spela Hrast).- Chapter 11. Use of Eye-Tracking and Electroencephalography to Study Student Use of Metabolic Pathways when Answering a Question (Kimberly Linenberger Cortes).- Chapter 12. Using Functions to Interpret some Physics Phenomena - an Eye-tracking Study (Miroslawa Sajka).- Chapter 13. Eye Movements as Indicators of Students' Understanding of Water Ballance in Plants (Anja Podlesek).- Chapter 14. Visualizing Student Navigation of Geologic Block Diagrams (Karen S. McNeal).
Sins Against Science
Misinformation has had dramatic and dangerous effects, as evidenced by numerous events of the late 2010s and early 2020s. Reading a steady stream of misinformation leads to distrust, potentially leading to conflict in one's family and workplace, and even to civil unrest. At the heart of many such matters is scientific illiteracy. Many people enjoy a life of ease and convenience because of science--and since science also crosses courtrooms, classrooms and cultures, it has great potential to debunk misinformation and untangle the confusion on such issues as vaccines, sexual identity, race and evolution, alternative medicine, and human reproduction. This book addresses those issues and the popular stories, conspiracies, and misleading headlines that circulate across media platforms. Bringing accurate knowledge into people's agendas is challenging, and this book uses science and facts as a basis of every deliberation over laws and policies. The chapters weave together history, politics, human biology, and law, and demonstrate how our lives are dependent on understanding the nature of things.
Adaptation
Natural selection causes adaptation, the fit between an organism and its environment. For example, the white and grey coloration of snowy owls living and breeding around the Arctic Circle provides camouflage from both predators and prey. In this Element, we explore a variety of such outcomes of the evolutionary process, including both adaptations and alternatives to adaptations, such as nonadaptive traits inherited from ancestors. We also explore how the concept of adaptation is used in evolutionary psychology and in animal behavior, and the adequacy of methods used to confirm evolutionary accounts of human traits and behaviors.
Mandy Hoffen and a Conspiracy to Resurrect Life and Social Justice in Science Curriculum with Henrietta Lacks
This book is a theoretical inquiry into alternative pedagogies that challenge current standardized practices in the field of science education. Through Mandy Hoffen, a fictional persona, Dana McCullough, the author, explores how stories of Henrietta Lacks become part of a conspiracy to change science education. Mandy Hoffen, however, never expected to find herself in the middle of a conspiracy. As a science teacher of 20 plus years, she worked diligently to meet the needs of her charges, who are currently ninth and tenth grade biology students in an age of standardized testing. The author also creates imaginary dialogues which serve as the theoretical framework for each chapter. Each chapter unfolds in a form of a play with imaginary settings and events that bring Henrietta Lacks back from the grave to participate in conversations about science, society, and social justice. The imaginary conversations are based on the author's experiences in graduate courses, direct quotations from philosophers of science, historians of science, science educators, curriculum theorists, and stories of students in their study of Henrietta Lacks in a high school biology classroom. The play describes the journey of a graduate student/high school teacher as she researches the importance of the philosophy of science, history of science, science curriculum and social justice in science education. Through reflections on fictional conversations, stories of Henrietta Lacks are examined and described in multiple settings, beginning in an imaginary academic meeting, and ending with student conversations in a classroom. Each setting provides a space for conversations wherein participants explore their personal connections with science, science curriculum, issues of social justice related to science, and Henrietta Lacks. This book will be of interest to graduate students, scholars, and undergraduates in curriculum studies, educational foundations, and teacher education, and those interested in alternative research methodologies. This is the first book to intentionally address the stories of Henrietta Lacks and their importance in the field of curriculum studies, science studies, and current standardized high school science curriculum.
Mandy Hoffen and a Conspiracy to Resurrect Life and Social Justice in Science Curriculum with Henrietta Lacks
This book is a theoretical inquiry into alternative pedagogies that challenge current standardized practices in the field of science education. Through Mandy Hoffen, a fictional persona, Dana McCullough, the author, explores how stories of Henrietta Lacks become part of a conspiracy to change science education. Mandy Hoffen, however, never expected to find herself in the middle of a conspiracy. As a science teacher of 20 plus years, she worked diligently to meet the needs of her charges, who are currently ninth and tenth grade biology students in an age of standardized testing. The author also creates imaginary dialogues which serve as the theoretical framework for each chapter. Each chapter unfolds in a form of a play with imaginary settings and events that bring Henrietta Lacks back from the grave to participate in conversations about science, society, and social justice. The imaginary conversations are based on the author's experiences in graduate courses, direct quotations from philosophers of science, historians of science, science educators, curriculum theorists, and stories of students in their study of Henrietta Lacks in a high school biology classroom. The play describes the journey of a graduate student/high school teacher as she researches the importance of the philosophy of science, history of science, science curriculum and social justice in science education. Through reflections on fictional conversations, stories of Henrietta Lacks are examined and described in multiple settings, beginning in an imaginary academic meeting, and ending with student conversations in a classroom. Each setting provides a space for conversations wherein participants explore their personal connections with science, science curriculum, issues of social justice related to science, and Henrietta Lacks. This book will be of interest to graduate students, scholars, and undergraduates in curriculum studies, educational foundations, and teacher education, and those interested in alternative research methodologies. This is the first book to intentionally address the stories of Henrietta Lacks and their importance in the field of curriculum studies, science studies, and current standardized high school science curriculum.
Conversations About Neuroscience
Conversations About Neuroscience consists of the following 5 Ideas Roadshow Conversations which are based on in-depth filmed conversations with world-leading neuroscientists. This collection includes a detailed preface highlighting the connections between the different books. Each book is broken into chapters with a detailed introduction and questions for discussion at the end of each chapter: I. Constructing Our World: The Brain's-Eye View - A conversation with Lisa Feldman Barrett, Professor of Psychology at Northeastern University. This extensive conversation explores Lisa Feldman Barrett's fascinating research on how the brain works and the development of her theory of emotion: every moment of our life, our brain is anticipating and making sense of sensory inputs from its environment-the combination of the internal environment of the body and the external environment-and our brain uses conceptual knowledge to do that.II. Knowing One's Place: Space and the Brain - A Conversation with Jennifer Groh, Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Duke University. This wide-ranging conversation examines Jennifer Groh's extensive research on how the brain combines various streams of sensory input to determine where things are, together with the corresponding implications for a wide range of issues, from neuroplasticity to our predictive brain to evolutionary mechanisms.III. Vision and Perception - A Conversation with Kalanit Grill-Spector, Professor of Psychology at Stanford University. This conversation explores how functional imaging techniques are used to visualize the brain in action and how it functions to recognize people, objects and places. Kalanit also discusses how the anatomical and functional properties of the brain change from infancy to childhood through adulthood, and how this development is related to improved visual recognition abilities.IV. Investigating Intelligence - A conversation with John Duncan, Professor of Neuroscience at University of Cambridge. What is intelligence and what does IQ testing tell us? Can intelligence be measured and improved? What role does our frontal lobe play in executive control? John Duncan has rigorously investigated these types of issues for years and this conversation covers all those questions plus topics such as impairments following brain damage, functional brain imaging, and the brain basis for attention, intelligence and cognitive control.V. Minds and Machines - A conversation with Miguel Nicolelis, Professor of Neuroscience at Duke University. This thought-provoking conversation dives into Miguel Nicolelis' extensive research for over 20 years now and how he has been blurring the line between science fiction and science fact, developing increasingly sophisticated ways of harnessing the thoughts of rats, monkeys and humans to drive mechanical devices in the rapidly emerging field of brain-machine interfaces. Ideas Roadshow award-winning conversations present a wealth of candid insights from some of the world's leading experts, generated through a focused yet informal setting. Combining accessibility, substance and spontaneity, they are explicitly designed to give non-specialists a unique window into frontline research and scholarship that wouldn't otherwise be experienced through standard lectures and textbooks.
The Philosophy of Ecology
Ecology is indispensable to understanding the biological world and addressing the environmental problems humanity faces. Its philosophy has never been more important. In this book, James Justus introduces readers to the philosophically rich issues ecology poses. Besides its crucial role in biological science generally, climate change, biodiversity loss, and other looming environmental challenges make ecology's role in understanding such threats and identifying solutions to them all the more critical. When ecology is applied and its insights marshalled to address these problems and guide policy formation, interesting philosophical issues emerge. Justus sets them out in detail, and explores the often ethically charged dimensions of applied ecological science, using accessible language and a wealth of scientifically-informed examples.
Foraging Guide
This book includes: Identifying and Locating Regional Edible Wild Plants and MushroomsHarvesting and Storing Edible Wild Plants in Different SeasonsPreparing Flavorful foods from specific parts of Edible Wild PlantsThe benefits of eating wild plants Various edible wild plants that grow in summer, spring, autumn, and winter The parts of the plants that are edible and ways in which they can be prepared or consumed Tools to use for foraging Recipes to prepare healthy food using these plants and any other edibles you might forage for.What makes a good forager? It is his ability to identify and locate the edible wild plants in his vicinity.However, with over 80,000 edible species, this feat can be daunting at times. Yet, it is essential that any forager, whether a beginner or not, know his plants and mushrooms. The solution to this problem is simple, though. All any forager needs is this book to refer to when trying to identify edible wild plants and mushrooms in his region. We have identified, explained, and located 50 edible wild plants that a forager can find in his explorations. So, the question is, are you ready for the foraging revolution?The hunting and gathering era is coming back, and you don't want to be left out. The knowledge of how to forage is something that everyone needs to have at this time.There is a need to have all the necessary tools in your arsenal. There are several sources where you can get this information from, but none will be as reliable as a book on the topic. You need a book like this one that you can trust to give you adequately researched and proven info.
Whale World
Action, adventure, invention, reality, and imagination, have you ever wanted more in a coloring book designed to engage diverse abilities in the coloring book genre. Sea life from large to small, from plant to animal, lines, shapes, patterns, and textures combine to form out of the ordinary images.These images will captivate you in a worthy activity, enabling you to create beautiful pieces of art which value nature and imagination.Nature creates an unbelievable variety of creatures in the ocean. This book combines human imagination with that sea of possibilities.
Algorithms for Computational Biology
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Algorithms for Computational Biology, AlCoB 2020, was planned to be held in Missoula, MT, USA in June 2021. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, AlCoB 2020 and AlCoB 2021 were merged and held on these dates together. AlCoB 2020 proceedings were published as LNBI 12099. The 12 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 22 submissions. They were organized in topical sections on genomics, phylogenetics, and RNA-Seq and other biological processes. The scope of AlCoB includes topics of either theoretical or applied interest, namely: sequence analysis; sequence alignment; sequence assembly; genome rearrangement; regulatory motif finding; phylogeny reconstruction; phylogeny comparison; structure prediction; compressive genomics; proteomics: molecular pathways, interaction networks, mass spectrometry analysis; transcriptomics: splicing variants, isoform inference and quantification, differential analysis; next-generation sequencing: population genomics, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, epigenomics; genome CD architecture; microbiome analysis; cancer computational biology; and systems biology.
Reimagining Science Education in the Anthropocene
This open access edited volume invites transdisciplinary scholars to re-vision science education in the era of the Anthropocene. The collection assembles the works of educators from many walks of life and areas of practice together to help reorient science education toward the problems and peculiarities associated with the geologic times many call the Anthropocene. It has become evident that science education--the way it is currently institutionalized in various forms of school science, government policy, classroom practice, educational research, and public/private research laboratories--is ill-equipped and ill-conceived to deal with the expansive and urgent contexts of the Anthropocene. Paying homage to myopic knowledge systems, rigid state education directives, and academic-professional communities intent on reproducing the same practices, knowledges, and relationships that have endangered our shared world and shared presents/presence is misdirected. This volume brings together diverse scholars to reimagine the field in times of precarity.
Reimagining Science Education in the Anthropocene
This open access edited volume invites transdisciplinary scholars to re-vision science education in the era of the Anthropocene. The collection assembles the works of educators from many walks of life and areas of practice together to help reorient science education toward the problems and peculiarities associated with the geologic times many call the Anthropocene. It has become evident that science education--the way it is currently institutionalized in various forms of school science, government policy, classroom practice, educational research, and public/private research laboratories--is ill-equipped and ill-conceived to deal with the expansive and urgent contexts of the Anthropocene. Paying homage to myopic knowledge systems, rigid state education directives, and academic-professional communities intent on reproducing the same practices, knowledges, and relationships that have endangered our shared world and shared presents/presence is misdirected. This volume brings together diverse scholars to reimagine the field in times of precarity.
Research in Chemistry Education
Explores the teaching and learning of chemistry across the African continentPresents the best papers from the Second African Conference on Research in Chemistry EducationProvides examples of classroom activities and teaching strategies in chemistry education
Control
Why do I have friends, family members, a job, a place to live, and things to put in it--but also have those pesky people who frequently disturb my sense of comfort and satisfaction with life? And, it isn't just people that are a problem. It is also bacteria that cause diseases, bugs that bite, the neighbor's dogs that won't stop barking, weeds that keep growing in my garden, trees that crash in a storm, or even elephants that invade my farm crop and tigers that stalk my village at night--all depending on where I live. So, what's with this assault on everything I like and need? Life can be good if only there weren't this contention. What's the problem? The problem is quite simple: All those pesky people, bacteria, bugs, dogs, weeds, trees, elephants, and tigers also have their lives to live--just like you--and are intent on doing it. You're simply in their way. Or, more precisely, you're part of their way of getting the necessities for their process of living, just as they're part of your process of living. We're all alive and therefore need to control our environment as much as possible. That is the key to answering questions of why life is as it is, not only for humans but for every living thing on Earth. Simply being alive, rather than a rock or a mud puddle, for example, has requirements for existence, and how those requirements are met explains the diversity of our planet's species. Using examples of many life forms but focusing primarily on humans, Control is the result of a quest by the author to answer these questions of life. Starting with personal experiences, he shares the development of his inclusive answer--control. It is a simple concept, but, like many others such as ecology and evolution, it has a multifaceted foundation and ramifications in life which deserve closer examination. The book involves a detailed discussion of the control paradigm and how it is embedded in other ideas we have, such as self, soul, memory, consciousness, religion, and government. Examples are also given of its application to understanding human past, present, and future life, as well as a broader perspective of how the same concept applies not only to humans but all life forms, simple and complex. It is a dialogue with the reader to propose answers to life's dilemmas but also raise questions for further thought and exploration. Stimulation of thought and enjoyment of being inquisitive, as well as practical personal application, are goals the author shares with the reader.
In Praise of Walking
In this "wonderful" (John Brandon, Forbes) book, neuroscientist Shane O'Mara invites us to marvel at the benefits walking confers on our bodies and brains, and to appreciate the advantages of this uniquely human skill. From walking's evolutionary origins, traced back millions of years to life forms on the ocean floor, to new findings from cutting-edge research, he reveals how the brain and nervous system give us the ability to balance, weave through a crowded city, and run our "inner GPS" system. Walking is good for our muscles and posture;?it helps to protect and repair organs, and can slow or turn back the aging of our brains. With our minds in motion we think more creatively, our mood improves, and stress levels fall. Walking together to achieve a shared purpose is also a social glue that has contributed to our survival as a species.As our lives become increasingly sedentary, O'Mara makes the case that we must start walking again--whether it's up a mountain, down to the park, ?or simply to school and work. In Praise of Walking?illuminates the joys, health benefits, and mechanics of walking, and reminds us to get out of our chairs and discover a happier, healthier, more creative self.
Plasma Physics
A groundbreaking textbook on twenty-first-century plasma physics and its applications Kip Thorne and Roger Blandford's monumental Modern Classical Physics is now available in five stand-alone volumes that make ideal textbooks for individual graduate or advanced undergraduate courses on statistical physics; optics; elasticity and fluid dynamics; plasma physics; and relativity and cosmology. Each volume teaches the fundamental concepts, emphasizes modern, real-world applications, and gives students a physical and intuitive understanding of the subject. Plasma Physics provides an essential introduction to the subject. A gas that is significantly ionized, usually by heating or photons, a plasma is composed of electrons and ions and sometimes has an embedded or confining magnetic field. Plasmas play a major role in many contemporary applications, phenomena, and fields, including attempts to achieve controlled thermonuclear fusion using magnetic or inertial confinement; in explanations of radio wave propagation in the ionosphere and the behavior of the solar corona and wind; and in astrophysics, where plasmas are responsible for emission throughout the electromagnetic spectrum, including from black holes, highly magnetized neutron stars, and ultrarelativistic outflows. The book also can serve as supplementary reading for many other courses, including in astrophysics, geophysics, and controlled fusion.Includes many exercise problemsFeatures color figures, suggestions for further reading, extensive cross-references, and a detailed indexOptional "Track 2" sections make this an ideal book for a one-quarter or one-semester courseAn online illustration package is available to professorsThe five volumes, which are available individually as paperbacks and ebooks, are Statistical Physics; Optics; Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics; Plasma Physics; and Relativity and Cosmology.
Values in Science Education
Brings together leading international researchers in the field Presents a cohesive volume of cutting-edge ideas within the field Incorporates ideas and perspectives from a wide range of cultural contexts and traditions
Der Junge Carnap in Historischem Kontext: 1918-1935 / Young Carnap in an Historical Context: 1918-1935
Chapter 1. Werte beim fr羹hen Carnap. Von den Anf瓣ngen bis zum Aufbau.- Chapter 2. Die Entwicklung von Carnaps Aufbau 1920-1928.- Chapter 3. Carnap's Opposition to Logic of the Geisteswissenschaften.- Chapter 4. Rudolf Carnap. Philosoph der neuen Sachlichkeit.- Chapter 5. Carnap und das Bauhaus.- Chapter 6. Was bedeutet Carnaps "Reinigung" der Erkenntnistheorie?.- Chapter 7. Realism and Anti-Realism in Young Carnap.- Chapter 8. Eigenpsychisches und Fremdpsychisches. Rudolf Carnaps Verh瓣ltnis zur Psychologie zwischen 1928 und 1932.- Chapter 9. Physikalistische Graphologie als Avantgarde der Psychologie oder Physikalismus auf Abwegen.- Chapter 10. Carnap and the Members of the Lvov-Warsaw School. Carnap's Warsaw Lectures (1930) in the Polish context.- Chapter 11. Rudolf Carnap und Kurt G繹del: Die beiderseitige Bezugnahme in ihren philosophischen Selbstzeugnissen.- Chapter 12. Building a New Thursday Circle. Carnap and Frank in Prague.
Branching Space-Times
This monograph presents the first detailed exposition of the formal theory of Branching Space-Times. The theory presented here by Nuel Belnap, Thomas Muller, and Tomasz Placek describes how real possibilities can play out in our spatio-temporal world. In our world, some things that are really possible in Cleveland are not really possible in San Francisco; other things were really possible in 1988 but are not really possible in 2021. The authors develop a rigorous, relativity-friendly theory of indeterminism as a local and modal concept, demonstrating that our world contains events with alternative possible outcomes. The book is divided into two parts. The first contains the exposition of the theory, including detailed proofs. The second contains three applications of Branching Space-Times in metaphysics and philosophy of science, focusing on the use of Branching Space-Times to represent pertinent forms of indeterminism in each area. Some specific applications include a formal analysis of modal correlations and of causation and a rigorous theory of objective single-case probabilities, intended to represent degrees of possibility. The authors link their theory to current physics, investigating how local and modal indeterminism relates to issues in the foundations of physics, particularly in quantum non-locality and spatio-temporal relativity. They also relate the theory to philosophy of time, showing how it may be used to explicate the dynamic concept of the past, present, and future based on local indeterminism. The Branching Space-Times theory has been in development over the past 25 years. This volume provides a much needed first systematic and comprehensive book-length exposition of both the theory and its applications. This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.
Science Fictions
An insider's view of science reveals why many scientific results cannot be relied upon - and how the system can be reformed. Science is how we understand the world. Yet failures in peer review and mistakes in statistics have rendered a shocking number of scientific studies useless - or, worse, badly misleading. Such errors have distorted our knowledge in fields as wide-ranging as medicine, physics, nutrition, education, genetics, economics, and the search for extraterrestrial life. As Science Fictions makes clear, the current system of research funding and publication not only fails to safeguard us from blunders but actively encourages bad science - with sometimes deadly consequences. Stuart Ritchie's own work challenging an infamous psychology experiment helped spark what is now widely known as the "replication crisis," the realization that supposed scientific truths are often just plain wrong. Now, he reveals the very human biases, misunderstandings, and deceptions that undermine the scientific endeavor: from contamination in science labs to the secret vaults of failed studies that nobody gets to see; from outright cheating with fake data to the more common, but still ruinous, temptation to exaggerate mediocre results for a shot at scientific fame. Yet Science Fictions is far from a counsel of despair. Rather, it's a defense of the scientific method against the pressures and perverse incentives that lead scientists to bend the rules. By illustrating the many ways that scientists go wrong, Ritchie gives us the knowledge we need to spot dubious research and points the way to reforms that could make science trustworthy once again.
Semantics and the Ontology of Number
What are the meanings of number expressions, and what can they tell us about questions of central importance to the philosophy of mathematics, specifically 'Do numbers exist?' This Element attempts to shed light on this question by outlining a recent debate between substantivalists and adjectivalists regarding the semantic function of number words in numerical statements. After highlighting their motivations and challenges, I develop a comprehensive polymorphic semantics for number expressions. I argue that accounting for the numerous meanings and how they are related leads to a strengthened argument for realism, one which renders familiar forms of nominalism highly implausible.
Stem Cells
What is a stem cell? The answer is seemingly obvious: a cell that is also a stem, or point of origin, for something else. Upon closer examination, however, this combination of ideas leads directly to fundamental questions about biological development. A cell is a basic category of living thing; a fundamental 'unit of life.' A stem is a site of growth; an active source that supports or gives rise to something else. Both concepts are deeply rooted in biological thought, with rich and complex histories. The idea of a stem cell unites them, but the union is neither simple nor straightforward. This book traces the origins of the stem cell concept, its use in stem cell research today, and implications of the idea for stem cell experiments, their concrete results, and hoped-for clinical advances.
How to Teach Science Through Investigations
This book will show you a more efficient way to educate students so they can learn science content and skills together at the same time. This can be done by learning vocabulary in the context of other vocabulary and content through the process of performing investigations. This book will explain what is wrong with how we typically educate science students today and why we need to change. Our society needs new workers for the 21st century; this book will show how we as science teachers can help meet those needs through the education of our students. It will also point out systemic challenges you may face and other strategies you can use to help you implement the process of Teaching Science through Investigations.
Sergeant Major Potts and The World of Science
The ledgers of soldier, archeologist, and explorer Sergeant Major Potts will take you on an adventurous world journey. You will encounter great scientific experiments that will help inspire youth to learn the wonders of science. But not without the encounter with the notorious, evil Cornelius Snod. Can Potts elude the evil Snod? Following these diabolical, super duper science experiments to save the world of antiquities and bring imagination to youth.
The Brain and Pain
Pain is an inevitable part of existence, but severe debilitating or chronic pain is a pathological condition that diminishes the quality of life. The Brain and Pain explores the present and future of pain management, providing a comprehensive understanding based on the latest discoveries from many branches of neuroscience. Richard Ambron--the former director of a neuroscience lab that conducted leading research in this field--explains the science of how and why we feel pain. He describes how the nervous system and brain process information that leads to the experience of pain, detailing the cellular and molecular functions that are responsible for the initial perceptions of an injury. He discusses how pharmacological agents such as opiates affect the duration and intensity of pain. Ambron examines new evidence showing that discrete circuits in the brain modulate the experience of pain in response to a placebo, fear, anxiety, belief, or other circumstances, as well as how pain can be relieved by activating these circuits using mindfulness training and other nonpharmacological treatments. The book also evaluates the prospects of procedures such as deep brain stimulation and optogenetics. Current and thorough, The Brain and Pain will be invaluable for a range of people seeking to understand their options for treatment as well as students in neuroscience and medicine.
Place-Based Learning for the Plate
This edited volume explores 21st century stories of hunting, foraging, and fishing for food as unique forms of place-based learning. Through the authors' narratives, it reveals complex social and ecological relationships while readers sample the flavors of foraging in Portland, Oregon; feel some of what it's like to grow up hunting and gathering as a person of Oglala Lakota and Shoshone-Bannock descent; track the immersive process of learning to communicate with rocky mountain elk; encounter a road-killed deer as a spontaneous source of local meat, and more.Other topics in the collection connect place, food, and learning to issues of identity, activism, spirituality, food movements, conservation, traditional and elder knowledge, and the ethics related to eating the more-than-human world. This volume will bring lively discussion to courses on place-based learning, food studies, environmental education, outdoor recreation, experiential education, holistic learning, human dimensions of natural resource management, sustainability, food systems, environmental ethics, and others.
Climate Change Adaptation in Coastal Cities
This guidebook presents a framework for climate adaptation planning for coastal cities, large and small, focused on the central roles of citizens, public officials, and planners. The book is designed to help all stakeholders in coastal cities understand and develop effective adaptation measures in a sustainable way. Within a framework of eight key planning steps, guidance is provided for stakeholders in the adaptation process from initial assessments of climate impacts to final planning. The work sets out general principles and methods of adaptation to climate change for many types of coastal communities. Adaptation is seen throughout the work as a process that should take into account all coastal assets, including economic, environmental, social, cultural and historical assets, with due attention to disadvantaged communities. Among the adaptation elements covered in the book are: a review of the current climate situation; climate impacts and vulnerabilities; climate models and future scenarios; physical, economic, social and other characteristics of coastal cities and towns; the range of available adaptations, including management, infrastructure, and policy adaptations; evaluation of projects and programs; and working together to develop and finance adaptations. Numerous tables are presented to help organize information and guide planning, and examples of adaptation challenges and opportunities are provided from both developed and developing coastal cities and towns. The volume is copiously illustrated, with extensive up-to-date references to provide the reader with additional sources of information.
Fire Dynamics for Firefighters
This book was initially written with the express purpose of making fire dynamics science accessible to Firefighters and practitioners at all levels. Although fire dynamics is a scientific discipline, we have kept jargon and mathematics to a minimum wherever possible, with the express intention of this being a very basic introduction to fire dynamics. The success of the book pleasantly surprised, and has been cited in academic papers, used as mandatory reading by the Institution of Fire Engineers' and used by many fire departments, training providers and organisations throughout the world.As we approached the five year anniversary, having delivered training and assistance to Firefighters all over the world, with the assistance of our friends at IFRA and other charitable organisations, alongside our day jobs as professional Firefighting Instructors, we reflected and bought the books forward to become even more helpful. Shan developed the IFE's International Tactical Firefighting (Compartment Behaviour Instructors' Programme), of which some of this book addresses parts of the learning outcomes required for successful completion- so we have listed them at the end of each chapter. More are linked in the sequels to this book and of course during the course. We also realized that during our travels, some Firefighters only have access to a cell phone as a source of information, the developing world often can't afford books- so this edition will also have an "e-copy" or "kindle"- within this we've also added hyper-links to public domain videos, kindly provided often by our friends, which are available on our YouTube channel which is all free. A big thank you to our friends globally for their support with that and we feel it helps to embed the simple learning in this edition. Hopefully those introduced will want to learn more and progress onto the more technical and detailed publications on this subject. Think of this book as the first 'stepping stone' onto more detailed and academic publications on this subject. A sound understanding of the fundamentals of fire development forms the essential foundation of safe and efficient fire and rescue operations. This empowers us to protect our colleagues and the communities we serve. This book would not have been possible without the innovators in this field who have successfully linked theoretical fire dynamics with the practice of successful and professional firefighting in the field and giving us their time and indulgence with this project. Thank you especially to Bill Gough, Martin Arrowsmith, "The Exbendables", Andrew Starnes, Bobby Halton, David Kay, Matthew Swan, David Payton, Nick Lacey, Sean McKee, Chris Gannon, Steven Burns and anyone else I've overlooked and apologise for. I will make special mention to those former, and serving Officers in the UK that supported me when it was politically easier to take other options.
Subconsciousness
We are conscious of only a small fraction of our lives. Because the brain constantly receives an enormous quantity of information, we need to be able to do things without thinking about them--to act in "autopilot" mode. Automatic behaviors--the vast majority of our activities--occur without our conscious awareness, or subconsciously. Yet the physiological basis of subconsciousness remains poorly understood, despite its vast importance for physical and mental health. The neurodegenerative disease expert Yves Agid offers a groundbreaking and accessible account of subconsciousness and its significance. He pinpoints the basal ganglia--the ancient "basement of the brain"--as the main physiological hub of the subconscious. Agid examines its roles in the control and production of automatic behavior, including motor, intellectual, and emotional processes. He highlights the consequences for various brain pathologies, showing how malfunctions of the subconscious have clinical repercussions including not only abnormal involuntary movements, as seen in Parkinson's disease, but also psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorders and depression. Based on this understanding, Agid considers how seeing the basal ganglia as a therapeutic target can aid development of potential new treatments for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Shedding new light on the physiological bases of our behavior and mental states, this book provides an innovative exploration of the complexities of the mind, with implications ranging from clinical applications to philosophy's thorniest problems.
The Crowd and the Cosmos
'fascinating'Brian Cox This is the story of citizen science. Where once astronomers sat at the controls of giant telescopes in remote locations, praying for clear skies, now they have no need to budge from their desks, as data arrives in their inbox. And what they receive is overwhelming; projects now being built provide more data in a few nights than in the whole of humanity's history of observing the Universe. It's not just astronomy either--dealing with this deluge of data is the major challenge for scientists at CERN, and for biologists who use automated cameras to spy on animals in their natural habitats. Artificial intelligence is one part of the solution--but will it spell the end of human involvement in scientific discovery? No, argues Chris Lintott. We humans still have unique capabilities to bring to bear--our curiosity, our capacity for wonder, and, most importantly, our capacity for surprise. It seems that humans and computers working together do better than computers can on their own. But with so much scientific data, you need a lot of scientists--a crowd, in fact. Lintott found such a crowd in the Zooniverse, the web-based project that allows hundreds of thousands of enthusiastic volunteers to contribute to science. In this book, Lintott describes the exciting discoveries that people all over the world have made, from galaxies to pulsars, exoplanets to moons, and from penguin behaviour to old ship's logs. This approach builds on a long history of so-called 'citizen science', given new power by fast internet and distributed data. Discovery is no longer the remit only of scientists in specialist labs or academics in ivory towers. It's something we can all take part in. As Lintott shows, it's a wonderful way to engage with science, yielding new insights daily. You, too, can help explore the Universe in your lunch hour.
Subconsciousness
We are conscious of only a small fraction of our lives. Because the brain constantly receives an enormous quantity of information, we need to be able to do things without thinking about them--to act in "autopilot" mode. Automatic behaviors--the vast majority of our activities--occur without our conscious awareness, or subconsciously. Yet the physiological basis of subconsciousness remains poorly understood, despite its vast importance for physical and mental health. The neurodegenerative disease expert Yves Agid offers a groundbreaking and accessible account of subconsciousness and its significance. He pinpoints the basal ganglia--the ancient "basement of the brain"--as the main physiological hub of the subconscious. Agid examines its roles in the control and production of automatic behavior, including motor, intellectual, and emotional processes. He highlights the consequences for various brain pathologies, showing how malfunctions of the subconscious have clinical repercussions including not only abnormal involuntary movements, as seen in Parkinson's disease, but also psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorders and depression. Based on this understanding, Agid considers how seeing the basal ganglia as a therapeutic target can aid development of potential new treatments for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Shedding new light on the physiological bases of our behavior and mental states, this book provides an innovative exploration of the complexities of the mind, with implications ranging from clinical applications to philosophy's thorniest problems.
Modal Empiricism
This book proposes a novel position in the debate on scientific realism: Modal Empiricism. Modal empiricism is the view that the aim of science is to provide theories that correctly delimit, in a unified way, the range of experiences that are naturally possible given our position in the world. The view is associated with a pragmatic account of scientific representation and an original notion of situated modalities, together with an inductive epistemology for modalities. It purports to provide a faithful account of scientific practice and of its impressive achievements, and defuses the main motivations for scientific realism. More generally, Modal Empiricism purports to be the precise articulation of a pragmatist stance towards science.This book is of interest to any philosopher involved in the debate on scientific realism, or interested in how to properly understand the content, aim and achievements of science.
Language and Scientific Research
This book analyzes the role of language in scientific research and develops the semantics of science from different angles. The philosophical investigation of the volume is divided into four parts, which covers both basic science and applied science: I) The Problem of Reference and Potentialities of the Language in Science; II) Language and Change in Scientific Research: Evolution and Historicity; III) Scientific Language in the Context of Truth and Fiction; and IV) Language in Mathematics and in Empirical Sciences. Language plays a key role in science: our access to the theoretical, practical or evaluative dimensions of scientific activity begins with the mastery of language, continues with a deepening in the use of language and reaches the level of contribution when it creates new terms or changes them in sense and reference. This reveals the compatibility between objectivity in semantic contents and historicity in the progress of science. This volume is a valuable enrichment to students, academics and other professionals interested in science in all its forms, who seek to deepen the role that language plays in its structure and dynamics.
Everyday Creatures
Everyday Creatures is a collection of thirteen simply and elegantly told nature essays, set in time over the course of a naturalist's lifetime-from field-trip experiences as a freshman and sophomore in college, through the challenges of producing a dissertation in ecology, and on through the author's career at a major university. Yet these stories are not the scientific reports of a research professor, nor are they an attempt at popular science writing. These are personal essays that spring forth from observation and discovery of what nature has to show anyone who is willing to pay attention. The author begins with his early experiences in deserts and continues into forests, mountains, and the seashore.Kenagy shares with the reader his own direct observations and transparent personal responses to meeting a wide variety of animals in their natural habitats, and he uses language that is understandable to anyone. He follows his discoveries with reflections on the values of natural history and the conservation of wildlife and habitats. This all adds up to inspire a passion for the greater care for our planet Earth and its future.The stories and comfortable style of Everyday Creatures have attracted the acclaim of other writers: "Biologists often begin as nature-infatuated kids, turning over rocks, chasing critters through the brush. As they pursue scientific training, many quit venturing outdoors; instead of looking at animals, they hole up in labs to study molecules. Not so George James Kenagy, who has maintained his fascination with whole organisms, the communities they form, and the landscapes they inhabit. In his lively company, you can observe geckos, beavers, pandas, ants, kangaroo rats, desert iguanas, snowy egrets, deer mice, surf smelt, spiny lobsters, ground squirrels, darkling beetles, western rattlesnakes, hoary marmots, and other marvels of the living world. One of the most interesting animals you'll meet in these pages is the author himself."-SCOTT RUSSELL SANDERS, author of Earth Works: Selected Essays."Everyday Creatures is a story of discovery, told with precision, intimacy, and wonder. Kenagy's prose is clean and entirely accessible, informative to the scientist and non-scientist alike, a testament to a lifetime of attentiveness to the natural world."-GREGORY MARTIN, author of Mountain City and Stories for Boys."Kenagy is a rare specimen among modern biologists: a true naturalist, with deep knowledge of an astonishing variety of plants and animals. This book takes you from China to New England, from eastern Washington State to western Sonora, Mexico, with rewarding stops in between, all steeped in the decades of field work that have allowed him to contribute so much to our knowledge of the natural world. To read this is to be taken to all these places, and to learn about such diverse things as the temperatures that make beetles happy, ground squirrels that prey on chipmunks, the surprising adaptations of kangaroo rats, and even the relationship between campus committees and Canada geese. I read it from beginning to end without putting it down, and suspect you will too."-DONALD K. GRAYSON, author of The Great Basin: A Natural Prehistory.
The Masterpiece of Nature
Originally published in 1982, The Masterpiece of Nature examines sexuality as evolved, not as the result of the normal Darwinian process of natural selection, but through competition between populations or species.
Open Science: The Very Idea
This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable 'objective' knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia.
Open Science: The Very Idea
This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable 'objective' knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia.
Journal Of The Royal Microscopical Society; Containing Its Transactions And Proceedings And A Summary Of Current Researches Relating To Zoology And Botany (Principally Invertabrata And Cryptogamia) Mi
A year of discovery beneath the lens. Rare pages unlock microscopic worlds. Presented by Charles Singer and produced under the auspices of the Royal Microscopical Society, this microscopy research journal gathers the transactions, proceedings and summaries of current researches relating to zoology and botany for 1921, with particular attention to invertebrate and cryptogam research that helped define early 20th century science. As a scientific proceedings collection it brings together methodical reports and concise synopses that chart evolving technique and taxonomic thought. The book serves as both an academic reference volume and a practical biology researchers resource: indispensable to specialists tracing nomenclature or microscopic method, and unexpectedly engaging for natural history enthusiasts who enjoy original reporting from the period. Readers will find material that illuminates both practice and perspective: the interplay of field observation, laboratory technique and descriptive taxonomy that informed contemporary conclusions. For contemporary biology researchers the volume remains a useful reference when tracing lineage descriptions or methodological shifts; for historians of science it serves as a primary document demonstrating how microscopic technique advanced debate within zoology and botany studies. The language is concise and practical, and the entries preserve the sequence of the society's proceedings so scholars can follow discussion and outcome across the year. Together the entries form a historical science anthology - a piece of vintage scientific literature and an archival science periodical that reveals how close observation and careful description shaped modern zoology and botany studies. Clear, direct prose keeps the material accessible for casual readers curious about the roots of microscopic study, while provenance and period detail will reward classic-literature collectors and archivists looking for authentic scientific voice. Republished by Alpha Editions in a careful modern edition, this volume preserves the spirit of the original while making it effortless to enjoy today - a heritage title prepared for readers and collectors alike.
50 Things to Do at the Beach
50 Things to Do at the Beach transforms a day in the sand and sun into a meaningful and inspiring return to nature. Environmental scientist and professional surfer Easkey Britton teaches us how to peek into the mysterious deep, harness the calming nature of the sea, and engage in fun play, like wave running and swimming. The latest addition to our Explore More series, 50 Things to Do at the Beach shows us how to enjoy the many health benefits of time spent by the sea and give back to the waters that sustain us. Kid-friendly activities make this a must-have for families enjoying time together by the sea, ocean, or lake. Vacationers and seadwellers alike will find new and unexpected ways to enjoy the water. Each section is beautifully illustrated to explain the activities and bring the message to life. Surf's up!
Numbers Don`t Lie: 71 Stories to Help Us Understand the Modern World
"Vaclav Smil is my favorite author... Numbers Don't Lie takes everything that makes his writing great and boils it down into an easy-to-read format. I unabashedly recommend this book to anyone who loves learning."--Bill Gates, GatesNotes From the author of How the World Really Works, an essential guide to understanding how numbers reveal the true state of our world--exploring a wide range of topics including energy, the environment, technology, transportation, and food production. Vaclav Smil's mission is to make facts matter. An environmental scientist, policy analyst, and a hugely prolific author, he is Bill Gates' go-to guy for making sense of our world. In Numbers Don't Lie, Smil answers questions such as: What's worse for the environment--your car or your phone? How much do the world's cows weigh (and what does it matter)? And what makes people happy? From data about our societies and populations, through measures of the fuels and foods that energize them, to the impact of transportation and inventions of our modern world--and how all of this affects the planet itself--in Numbers Don't Lie, Vaclav Smil takes us on a fact-finding adventure, using surprising statistics and illuminating graphs to challenge conventional thinking. Packed with fascinating information and memorable examples, Numbers Don't Lie reveals how the US is leading a rising worldwide trend in chicken consumption, that vaccination yields the best return on investment, and why electric cars aren't as great as we think (yet). Urgent and essential, with a mix of science, history, and wit--all in bite-sized chapters on a broad range of topics--Numbers Don't Lie inspires readers to interrogate what they take to be true.
An Internet in Your Head
Whether we realize it or not, we think of our brains as computers. In neuroscience, the metaphor of the brain as a computer has defined the field for much of the modern era. But as neuroscientists increasingly reevaluate their assumptions about how brains work, we need a new metaphor to help us ask better questions. The computational neuroscientist Daniel Graham offers an innovative paradigm for understanding the brain. He argues that the brain is not like a single computer--it is a communication system, like the internet. Both are networks whose power comes from their flexibility and reliability. The brain and the internet both must route signals throughout their systems, requiring protocols to direct messages from just about any point to any other. But we do not yet understand how the brain manages the dynamic flow of information across its entire network. The internet metaphor can help neuroscience unravel the brain's routing mechanisms by focusing attention on shared design principles and communication strategies that emerge from parallel challenges. Highlighting similarities between brain connectivity and the architecture of the internet can open new avenues of research and help unlock the brain's deepest secrets. An Internet in Your Head presents a clear-eyed and engaging tour of brain science as it stands today and where the new paradigm might take it next. It offers anyone with an interest in brains a transformative new way to conceptualize what goes on inside our heads.
More Than Meets the Eye
For award-winning science writer Margie Patlak, exploring the unique nature of the Maine coast opens a door to deeper ties and insights. Watching a striped monarch caterpillar transform into a chartreuse pendant dabbed with gold, she realizes the limits of life and what is passed between generations. Tides show how fleeting time is, and clouds and weather reveal greater forces that take away all illusions of control. She also explores the continental collisions that thrust up and fractured Maine's mountains; digs into the latest scientific thinking on how animals navigate; and exults in the dizzy dance of plankton under the microscope. Even moose, fox, and fishers reveal more than meets the eye. These facets of the natural world speak a hidden language Patlak translates with her scientific knowledge and reflection. Nature begins to speak about the nature of life.
Explorations in Archaeology and Philosophy
This volume explores various themes at the intersection of archaeology and philosophy: inference and theory; interdisciplinary connections; cognition, language and normativity; and ethical issues. Showcasing this heterogeneity, its scope ranges from the method of analogical inference to the evolution of the human mind; from conceptual issues in assessing the health of past populations to the ethics of cultural heritage tourism. It probes the archaeological record for evidence of numeracy, curiosity and creativity, and social complexity. Its contributors comprise an interdisciplinary cluster of philosophers, archaeologists, anthropologists, and psychologists, from a variety of career stages, of whom many are leading experts in their fields. Chapter 3 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The Thlewiaza-Seal Rivers
The author participated on 19 canoe trips in the wilderness of northern Canada. The trips ranged from 11 to 36 days and totaled about 4,500 miles. Most of the trips ended at either the Arctic Ocean or Hudson Bay. This book is about one of these trips that is better described as an adventure rather than a trip. You can read about the adventure in the warmth and comfort of your home. The six canoeists who participated in this canoeing adventure planned a 450 miles trip down the Thlewiaza River to the Hudson Bay and then north on Hudson Bay to Eskimo Point (presently Arviat). However, upon arriving at Nueltin Lake, they found that it was still covered with eighty miles of iced because it had been the coldest winter in forty years. Consequently, the canoeists worked their way seventy-fi ve miles overland to the North Seal River and then south on Hudson Bay to Churchill. The story tells of the many diffi cult portages, running extreme rapids in near freezing water, encounters with bears, and a night in a storm on Hudson Bay.
