I'jaz Al-Bayan
Sadr al-Din Qunawi (d. 1274) is arguably the most important thinker of the generation following the main founders of medieval philosophy-al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn 'Arabi and Suhravardi-and before Mulla Sadra. Despite this, almost nothing of his writings has been translated into English though critical Arabic editions of his major writings have been published. I'jaz al-bayan, his magnum opus, explores some key questions in philosophy, among which is speech (divine and human) in the unfolding of knowing and being. In this influential work, Qunawi lays forth in detail the principles and semiological tools for interpreting the opening chapter of the Qur'an, the Fatiha. Widely known as the epitome of the Qur'an, the Fatiha was also understood to indicate the divine 'opening', the 'beginning' of being's unfolding. Far from a mere analysis of concepts or epistemology, his philosophical 'exegesis' is about the self-identical unfolding of speech from the hidden secrecy of the divine source, from which flows God's creative command, Be! The doubt that Ibn Sina expressed concerning the human capacity to know the 'realities of things' manifested in this unfolding-namely, the letters, words, sentences and meanings of the divine writ of being-by dint of man's faculties was critical to Qunawi's dynamic understanding of what a plenary knowledge of anything must be. This is an authoritative edition of the Arabic text with an Editor's Introduction in English and Arabic explaining the mechanics and publication history behind the edition and concisely summarizing the book's contents.
Gender and Sacred Textures
This anthology asks how the handling, use, and embodied enactments of sacred texts regulate, entangle, occlude, tolerate, or even subvert religious and gendered identities. While many studies have looked at the semantic content of sacred texts to answer this question, the volume mends a knowledge gap by looking at the effects on gender that follow both from uses of sacred texts as directly accessible, material objects and from embodied enactments of sacred texts in indirect ways. To signify the embodied enactment of sacred texts, not directly at hand, Marianne Schleicher coins the term sacred texture in the introduction to extend sacred text studies to capture both the textuality of poetic and narrative expressions in oral cultures and how most lay people, often women, have expressed their religiosity through indirect uses of sacred texts through bodily enactments. Among the insights this volume offers are how Old Norse women's composition of oral sacred textures renders their gender fluid, how a sacred text in Numbers 5 is used to handle a woman and simultaneously bolsters the masculinities of the involved men, how Jewish women through centuries have been intelligible as such by enabling men's direct access to sacred texts or by bodily enacting sacred textures themselves, how both Christian women and sacred texts should leave adornments behind to embody Jerome's ascetic ideals, how four women in contemporary American Judaism write Esther scrolls according to halakhic rules to become intelligible as scribes despite their female gender, how American Evangelical women have compensated for the absence of a directly accessible Bible at work by bodily enacting fragments of the Bible, and how Muslim family members in Denmark bodily enact and navigate Qur'anic prescriptions on filial piety up against its prescriptions concerning the naked body.