Advancements and Challenges in IoT Communication Technologies for a Connected World
Kavach
Over the past few decades the world has undergone a significant shift towards digitalization and the railway industry has not been left behind. The Indian Railways one of the largest railway networks globally has taken the lead in adopting digital technologies to improve train safety and efficiency."Kavach Cab Signalling based Automatic Train Protection System for Digital Railway" is a comprehensive guide that explains the indigenously developed technology for train protection and safety jointly created by the Indian Railways and Indian eco-system. This book covers thekey concepts and technical aspects of the Kavach system which is set to revolutionize train safety and operations in India.The Kavach system offers monitoring and control of train movement constant supervision of speed and automatic braking in case of any potential danger. It comes with train and track-side sensors communication systems track-side and on-board vital processors compliant to SIL 4architecture and algorithms that quickly detect and respond to any threat to train safety.The technology behind Automatic Train Protection Systems can be classified into two categories based upon mechanism of exchange of information between trackside and train units - Radio based and non-radio based. Kavach- Cab signalling & Automatic Train Protection system is a Radio based system designed to enhance train traffic throughput and adaptable to newer functionality to meet the future roadmap of Indian Railways.It is a remarkable feat for a country to have their own indigenously developed radio-based ATP (Automatic Train Protection) with cab-signalling system for their mainline railway. In fact only a handful of nations in the world have been able to achieve this level of technological advancement. This accomplishment reflects the country's commitment to innovation and infrastructure development as well as their ability to compete on a global scale in the transportation industryThis book targets Bachelor of Technology students railway professionals and researchers interested in digital train control and protection technology. Itprovides an in-depth understanding of the Kavach system's concepts design operation communication systems and implementation.The Kavach system demonstrates the Indian Railways' commitment to innovation and technological advancement. We believe that this book will be an excellent resource for anyone interested in learning more about this ground breaking technology.
Navigating The Challenges of Digital Transformation In The World of AI
About the Book"Navigating the Challenges of Digital Transformation in the World of AI" is a valuable and thought-provoking read for business executives, technologists, and change agents looking to better understand the complexities of digital transformation in this era. The book is a commendable attempt at demystifying digital beyond the jargon, highlighting its practical application, strategic significance, and the necessary culture shift.About the AuthorDiljeet Singh Saluja has built a meaningful career in technology and digital transformation, driven by a commitment to experimentation, leadership, and client success.Currently a Principal Consultant and Delivery Partner at Thoughtworks - a global technology consultancy - Diljeet leads deliveries for North American clients, bringing together distributed teams to achieve strong outcomes.Previously, he was the Chief Delivery Officer at Decimal Technologies, where he helped build and scale the delivery organization, introducing an OKR-driven performance process that aligned delivery with company growth.At Max Life Insurance, he served as Corporate Vice President and Head of Digital Solutions, promoting agility and leading the development of the "NEO" customer-facing digital asset.During nearly a decade at SapientNitro, he led major digital transformation engagements for multinational clients, built content capabilities for global delivery, and expanded the client base in India.Diljeet began his IT career in the captive tech department of one of the largest car dealerships in the Middle East (SBG), working on AS/400 systems. His career started in civil engineering, managing a 12-story ship-shaped building project in the Maldives.Throughout his journey, Diljeet has been influenced by strong mentors and is passionate about mentoring others. He shares his experience to help professionals grow and succeed.In "Navigating the Challenges of Digital Transformation in the World of AI", he provides insights based on decades of experience, covering technology evolution, commercial models, and strategies to navigate digital transformation in the AI era.
Make: Paper Inventions
Paper is incredible stuff. It's easy to cut, but amazingly strong. It's disposable, but can last for centuries. It can stand as stiff as a board, pop up like a spring, or float like a leaf. And its invention changed the world forever. Perfect for kids, parents, and educators, Make: Paper Inventions is a project-based book with full-color illustrations, step-by-step instructions, supply lists, and templates that enable you to follow along with the book or devise something entirely new. Each chapter features new projects that will challenge and intrigue, from beginners to experienced makers. Learn the history of papermaking and how to use simple STEAM principles to make fun and creative paper inventions of your very own!
Electronics Simplified A Practical Approach
This book is designed to demystify the complex subjects of electronics and embedded systems, making them approachable for beginners while also providing deeper insights for experienced practitioners. It focuses on a practical, hands-on learning approach, emphasizing how fundamental components can be developed cost-effectively. Structured into three comprehensive sections-Basic Electronics, Robotics and Microcontrollers, and Autonomous Robots-the guide takes readers from core principles to advanced applications. It is an invaluable resource for graduate students and project enthusiasts, offering the clarity and technical understanding needed to successfully execute and integrate projects across a wide spectrum, from high school science experiments to sophisticated robotics. The ultimate goal is to build a strong, applicable knowledge base that bridges theory with real-world innovation.
Future Electricity Systems
This book presents a curated collection of selected papers from the 36th National Convention of Electrical Engineers and the Conference on "Future Electricity Systems: Challenges and Current Trends" (NCEFES-2021). Hosted in a hybrid format by the Institution of Engineers Jodhpur Local Centre, India, on November 27-28, 2021, the conference served as a vital platform for knowledge exchange. The volume features original research contributed by graduate students, research scholars, academicians, and industry professionals, capturing the forefront of innovation in electrical engineering.Encompassing a wide array of critical topics, the content delves into recent advances in distributed generation, power quality, and the integration of renewable and alternative energy sources. It explores the reliability of distributed systems, smart microgrids, and novel control strategies alongside real-time simulation and contingency analysis. The papers further investigate the application of transformative digital technologies, including machine learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain for energy systems. Key themes also include load forecasting, cyber-physical energy systems, smart protection techniques for distribution networks, and the role of cloud computing. Ultimately, this compilation addresses the technological developments essential for building sustainable smart cities and effective energy management, offering a comprehensive look at the forces shaping the future of electricity.
Multivariable Control Engineering Problems and Their Solutions with Gnu Octave
This problem and solution-oriented textbook covers standard control engineering tasks as well as advanced modern control techniques. Throughout, students are provided examples of control engineering problems with step-by-step solutions. Each chapter addresses basic ideas, key control concepts, and definitions and provides a compilation of theoretical results used for the solution of the problems. The book is aimed not only at engineering students and practitioners but also computer science students and software engineers who, for instance, are working on the design of autonomous cars or with digital twins and need some knowledge of basic control concepts and advanced modern control techniques. The book addresses graduate students and readers in the overlap of engineering and computer science. The book aims to further their understanding of theoretical results learned in undergraduate control classes or in textbooks; the book shows them how to apply their knowledge in exercises to small problems and to see how some examples of problems can be solved. Whenever possible, the problems have been solved by means of the open-source software GNU Octave. In some cases, also the free open-source mathematical software Scilab has been used. Provides problems and solutions for standard control engineering tasks and advanced modern control techniques; Provides a collection of examples of control engineering problems with step-by-step solutions; Addresses control concepts and provides a compilation of theoretical results used for the solution of the problems.
Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance IV
This book reports on intelligent systems and methods applied to engineering production and maintenance. Being the second of two volumes, it specifically focuses on advanced tools for optimizing manufacturing processes, increasing their automation, safety, and sustainability. It covers cutting-edge topics in quality control, predictive maintenance, green supply chain and circular economy, and their significance for different industries. Based the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance, ISPEM 2025, held on June 25-27, 2025, in Wroclaw, Poland, this book offers a timely snapshot of intelligent systems applications and advances in industry 4.0 in engineering design and manufacturing.
An Electronics Engineer's Notebook
This book features a compilation of applicable and insightful engineering notes extracted from the author's multi-decade career in industry and academia. The book includes a plethora of modern engineering tools, including simulators and platforms like Matlab and LabVIEWTM that have been utilized to support the topics. The book is organized into four parts: Riddles, Simulations, Projects, and Math. The Riddles include puzzling issues encountered in the basic concepts and their various solutions. The Simulations section presents examples of challenging simulations, such as an ECG telemetry system, a software timer IC, and a random number generator. The section also addresses the weak points of simulators that must be considered. The Projects part comprises hardware and software projects from real life, including a DTMF pager and a barcode reader. The Math part aims to underline the importance of mathematics in engineering. For example, complex numbers are employed to show how to generate rotating magnetic fields and explain the backward-rotating wheels of carts in movies. A project exploiting vector algebra calculates the distance and heading between two points on the earth. The part is concluded with a Sudoku generator. This toolbox of solutions is intended for researchers, academics, students and professionals in electrical engineering.
Satellite Radar Interferometry
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is an active remote sensing method that uses repeated radar scans of the Earth's solid surface to measure relative deformation at centimeter precision over a wide swath. It has revolutionized our understanding of the earthquake cycle, volcanic eruptions, landslides, glacier flow, ice grounding lines, ground fluid injection/withdrawal, underground nuclear tests, and other applications requiring high spatial resolution measurements of ground deformation. This book examines the theory behind and the applications of InSAR for measuring surface deformation. The most recent generation of InSAR satellites have transformed the method from investigating 10's to 100's of SAR images to processing 1000's and 10,000's of images using a wide range of computer facilities. This book is intended for students and researchers in the physical sciences, particularly for those working in geophysics, natural hazards, space geodesy, and remote sensing. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Industrial Electrical Panel Design - Tips & Standards
Best Practices & Engineering Standard is a comprehensive and practical guide for professionals and students involved in designing, assembling, or maintaining industrial electrical panels. Whether you're an engineering student, field technician, experienced electrician, or preparing for project and maintenance interviews, this book provides real-world insights backed by hands-on experience.It covers essential topics such as component selection, wiring techniques, circuit protection, layout optimization, and control system integration. Readers will also gain a clear understanding of key standards like IEC, NEC, and IS, ensuring safety, performance, and regulatory compliance.Inside, you'll discover: Detailed illustrations and real-world circuit diagramsProven techniques for structured and reliable panel designInsights into modern automation and industry technologiesSafety protocols and field-tested best practices
Practical Guide for the Reliable Packaging of Electronics
A definitive guide for both newcomers to the field and those in need of a refresher, the fourth edition of Practical Guide to the Reliable Packaging of Electronics provides a comprehensive understanding of the thermal and mechanical aspects of electromechanical system design, along with insights into potential failures. This edition equips design engineers with the tools to assess their work in the early stages of development, helping them identify and address weak points before they lead to system failures.As the demand for integrating more electronic capabilities into smaller packages continues to rise, product developers and manufacturers must carefully consider how module placement and component selection impact performance. This updated edition features expanded content, including advancements in cooling technologies and materials, guidance on vibration isolation and design challenges, deeper insights into system and subsystem reliability, robust test method development, and a newly added section on applying Six Sigma DMAIC methodology for thermal and mechanical failure analysis.By consulting this essential resource, engineers, program managers, and quality assurance professionals involved in electromechanical systems will gain a solid foundation in electronics packaging. Readers will learn to establish design guidelines, recognize potential reliability issues, and perform more thorough analyses, ultimately leading to more reliable and efficient system designs.
Lithium-Ion Battery Supply Chain Diversification, Repurposing, Recycling, and Job Creation Opportunities in Viet Nam
This publication is a valuable reference for regulators, international organizations, industry stakeholders, investors, and researchers, contributing to promote private sector development, infrastructure growth, and environmentally sustainable development in Viet Nam. The publication focuses on three key areas including developing sustainable and diversified supply chains for battery production in Viet Nam, in line with anticipated demand from domestic electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers; identifying best practices for the environmentally responsible repurposing and recycling of used EV batteries; and mapping opportunities for job creation and upskilling of workers along the EV supply chain.
CMOS RF and mm-Wave Transceivers and Synthesizers
Power consumption has become a critical concern in RF/mm-wave integrated circuit (IC) design thanks to new applications from 5G, mobile computing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. However, big challenges lie ahead for chip designers when they choose to develop ICs using silicon technology for low-power and high-data-rate applications. This is because silicon technology suffers from undesirable energy dissipation due to its lossy substrate and high resistive wiring loss at GHz frequencies. Nonetheless, silicon remains the most suitable material satisfying the demands of a rapidly growing semiconductor market through low fabrication cost and ease of achieving system-on-chip or system-in-package integration. While long being neglected, low-power RF/mm-wave design has vaulted to the forefront of attention in recent years due to the demand for ultra-low-power transceivers to achieve sustainability. Designing genuinely ubiquitous transceivers for these new applications requires innovations in both system architecture and circuit implementation.This book closes the gap between a typical textbook with theories that are difficult to understand and a design-oriented book that offers little insight into actual theories. It evaluates and discusses different circuit topologies, receiver and transmitter architectures, phase-locked loop performance metrics, phase noise analysis, and sub-system-level designs that have yet to be reported in other books.
Advanced MOS Devices and their Circuit Applications
This text comprehensively discusses the advanced MOS devices and their circuit applications with reliability concerns. Further, an energy-efficient Tunnel FET-based circuit application will be investigated in terms of the output voltage, power efficiency, energy consumption, and performances using the device circuit co-design approach.The book: Discusses advanced MOS devices and their circuit design for energy- efficient systems on chips (SoCs) Covers MOS devices, materials, and related semiconductor transistor technologies for the next-generation ultra-low-power applications Examines the use of field-effect transistors for biosensing circuit applications and covers reliability design considerations and compact modeling of advanced low-power MOS transistors Includes research problem statements with specifications and commercially available industry data in the appendix Presents Verilog-A model-based simulations for circuit analysis The volume provides detailed discussions of DC and analog/RF characteristics, effects of trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) for reliability analysis, spacer-underlap engineering methodology, doping profile analysis, and work-function techniques. It further covers novel MOS devices including FinFET, Graphene field-effect transistor, Tunnel FETS, and Flash memory devices. It will serve as an ideal design book for senior undergraduate students, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields including electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering, materials science, nanoscience, and nanotechnology.
Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors
This book aims to provide information in the ever-growing field of low-power electronic devices and their applications in portable devices, wireless communication, sensor, and circuit domains. Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors: Physics, Design, Modeling and Applications discusses low-power semiconductor technology and addresses state-of-the-art techniques such as negative capacitance field effect transistors and tunnel field effect transistors. The book is split into three parts.The first part discusses the foundations of low-power electronics, including the challenges and demands and concepts such as subthreshold swing. The second part discusses the basic operations of negative capacitance field effect transistors (NCFETs) and tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs). The third part covers industrial applications including cryogenics and biosensors with NC-FET.This book is designed to be a one-stop guide for students and academic researchers, to understand recent trends in the IT industry and semiconductor industry. It will also be of interest to researchers in the field of nanodevices such as NC-FET, FinFET, tunnel FET, and device-circuit codesign.
Machine Learning for Complex and Unmanned Systems
This book highlights applications that include machine learning methods to enhance new developments in complex and unmanned systems. The contents are organized from the applications requiring few methods to the ones combining different methods and discussing their development and hardware/software implementation. The book includes two parts: the first one collects machine learning applications in complex systems, mainly discussing developments highlighting their modeling and simulation, and hardware implementation. The second part collects applications of machine learning in unmanned systems including optimization and case studies in submarines, drones, and robots. The chapters discuss miscellaneous applications required by both complex and unmanned systems, in the areas of artificial intelligence, cryptography, embedded hardware, electronics, the Internet of Things, and healthcare. Each chapter provides guidelines and details of different methods that can be reproduced in hardware/software and discusses future research.Features Provides details of applications using machine learning methods to solve real problems in engineering Discusses new developments in the areas of complex and unmanned systems Includes details of hardware/software implementation of machine learning methods Includes examples of applications of different machine learning methods for future lines for research in the hot topic areas of submarines, drones, robots, cryptography, electronics, healthcare, and the Internet of Things This book can be used by graduate students, industrial and academic professionals to examine real case studies in applying machine learning in the areas of modeling, simulation, and optimization of complex systems, cryptography, electronics, healthcare, control systems, Internet of Things, security, and unmanned systems such as submarines, drones, and robots.
Design of Electromechanical and Combination Products
The second edition of this work, now with the expanded title of Design of Electromechanical and Combination Products, covers the design and development of electromechanical products, updated throughout to focus not only on an Agile Systems approach but also its application to disposables and consumables.Providing a practical set of guidelines and thorough examination of best practices, this book focuses on cutting-edge research on sustainability of electromechanical and combination products.Key Features Presents the design, development, and life cycle management of electromechanical and combination products Provides a practical set of guidelines and best practices for world-class design Explains the role of costing and pricing in product design Covers Design for X and its role in product life-cycle management Examines the dynamics of cross-functional design and product development teams Develops DHF and DMR as tools and inherent components of configuration management Includes numerous real-world examples of electromechanical and combination product designs This book is intended for scientists, engineers, designers, and technical managers, and provides a gateway to developing a product's design history file (DHF) and device master record (DMR). These tools enable the design team to communicate a product's design, manufacturability, and service procedures with various cross-functional teams.
Data Science for Engineers
With tremendous improvement in computational power and availability of rich data, almost all engineering disciplines use data science at some level. This textbook presents material on data science comprehensively, and in a structured manner. It provides conceptual understanding of the fields of data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, with enough level of mathematical details necessary for the readers. This will help readers understand major thematic ideas in data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, and implement first-level data science solutions to practical engineering problems. The book- Provides a systematic approach for understanding data science techniques Explain why machine learning techniques are able to cross-cut several disciplines. Covers topics including statistics, linear algebra and optimization from a data science perspective. Provides multiple examples to explain the underlying ideas in machine learning algorithms Describes several contemporary machine learning algorithms The textbook is primarily written for undergraduate and senior undergraduate students in different engineering disciplines including chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering for courses on data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence.
Project Management in Cloud and Iot Applications
Cloud Computing has been in use for several decades now, but the art and science of delivering Cloud based products is still shrouded in mystery. This book shines new light on how to deliver projects on time and within budget. The authors discuss the theory and practices of software engineering as applied to successful project execution for Cloud and IoT based products. The readers will find the following topics well covered. 1. Management of projects in general, and Clouds in particular, including budgeting. 2. Best practices in Software engineering, with emphasis on using Agile methodology. 3. IoT products, their deployment, including Cloud based support and management. 4. Regulatory compliance. 5. New value creation and future opportunities.
Process / Industrial Instruments and Controls Handbook, Sixth Edition
This fully updated on-the-job reference contains all the automation and control information you need to make timely decisions and maximize process capacity and efficiency. Featuring contributions from 50 top technical experts, Process/Industrial Instruments and Controls Handbook, Sixth Edition covers the latest technologies and advances. More importantly, the book helps you select the right instrumentation, install and maintain it correctly, and leverage it to maximize plant performance and profitability. You will get all you need to know to execute a successful automation project including time-saving tables, lists of essential best practices, and hundreds of topic-defining illustrations.Coverage includes: - Process variable measurements- Analytical measurements- Control Network communications- Safety instrumented systems- Control systems fundamentals- PID control strategies- Continuous and batch control- Improving operator performance- Improving process performance- Project management- And more
Fundamentals of 5G Communications
Explore the foundations and applications of 5G technologyThis comprehensive guide contains practical information from telecommunications experts working at the forefront of 5G innovation. The authors discuss the foundations of 5G technology―not just the new standards, but the reasons and stories behind them. Fundamentals of 5G Communications features coverage of all major vertical domains with a focus on practical, commercial applications. This book serves both as an essential reference for telecom professionals and as a textbook for students learning about 5G.Coverage includes: -5G versus 4G: What's new?-Deployment scenarios and architecture options-The evolution of 5G architecture-Numerology and slot structure-Initial access and mobility-Downlink control and data operation-Uplink control and data operation-Coexistence of 4G and 5G-5G in unlicensed and shared spectra-Vertical expansion: URLLC, MTC, V2X-Vertical expansion: broadcast and multicast-Typical 5G commercial deployments-A look toward the future of 5G
Microgrid Handbook
This book focusses on planning to practice aspects of microgrids. It covers basics, power electronics converters topologies, storage systems technologies, and control aspects. It further discusses control algorithms for sizing, scheduling, operation, and control, energy management and control architecture followed by power quality, reliability, stability, and conditioning issues. Operation and control, communication architectures and protocols, cybersecurity, and infrastructure requirements for IoT integration are included as well.Features: Provides comprehensive discussion on microgrid planning including detailed socio-policy aspects. Includes rich aspects of microgrid in planning, operation, and control. Covers concepts like E-mobility and communication protocols, cyber security aspects, and smart metering. Discusses power converters and storage system for microgrid applications. Explores real-time design standards, energy management models, forecasting models, stability, and power quality aspects of microgrids. This book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in power engineering/electronics, renewable energy integration, and distributed generation.
Electrical Engineering for Electric Light and Power Artisans and Students
"Electrical Engineering for Electric Light and Power Artisans and Students" is a comprehensive guide designed for both practicing artisans and students venturing into the field of electrical engineering. Originally published in 1908, this book meticulously covers the syllabus prescribed by the City and Guilds Technical Institute, ensuring a thorough grounding in the essential principles and practices of the time. Authored by William Slingo and Arthur Brooker with contributions by T.F. Wall, this volume provides detailed explanations and practical insights into electric light and power systems. It serves as an invaluable resource for anyone seeking to understand the foundations of electrical engineering as it was taught and practiced in the early 20th century. The book's enduring value lies in its clear exposition of core concepts and its relevance to the historical development of electrical technology.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Electric Cables
"Electric Cables: A Practical Treatise" by Francis Walter Main provides a comprehensive guide to the construction, properties, installation, and maintenance of electric cables. This book is tailored for junior engineers, students, and professionals managing works and factories. The treatise delves into the practical aspects of electric cables, offering detailed insights and instructions essential for those working directly with electrical systems. Main's work emphasizes real-world applications, making it an invaluable resource for both learning and practical problem-solving in the field of electrical engineering. Covering everything from basic construction to advanced maintenance techniques, this book serves as a foundational text for anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of electric cables.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Electric Cables
"Electric Cables: A Practical Treatise" by Francis Walter Main provides a comprehensive guide to the construction, properties, installation, and maintenance of electric cables. This book is tailored for junior engineers, students, and professionals managing works and factories. The treatise delves into the practical aspects of electric cables, offering detailed insights and instructions essential for those working directly with electrical systems. Main's work emphasizes real-world applications, making it an invaluable resource for both learning and practical problem-solving in the field of electrical engineering. Covering everything from basic construction to advanced maintenance techniques, this book serves as a foundational text for anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of electric cables.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Transactions of the International Electrical Congress, St. Louis, 1904
This comprehensive volume, "Transactions of the International Electrical Congress, St. Louis, 1904," offers a detailed record of the groundbreaking discussions and presentations at this pivotal event in the history of electrical engineering. Held in conjunction with the St. Louis World's Fair, the congress brought together leading scientists, engineers, and innovators from around the globe to share their latest discoveries and advancements.Inside, readers will find a wealth of information on a wide range of topics, including power generation, transmission, electric lighting, telegraphy, and telephony. The book provides valuable insights into the state of electrical technology at the dawn of the 20th century and the key developments that shaped the modern world. It serves as an invaluable resource for historians of science and technology, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the evolution of this transformative field.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Analog Microelectronics
This textbook uses an innovative, fresh and rigorous approach to the analysis of analog circuits. The author guides students to leverage the psycho-cognitive concept of basic pattern as an efficient calculation tool, going beyond its traditional use for the qualitative visual inspection. In this journey, the reader is not left alone to face statements such as "it is easy to prove that" or "it has been proven elsewhere that". All formulas and theorems are proven step-by-step. In particular, the proofs of the theorems on frequency response and stability have been made as intuitive as possible. The author thus demystifies and makes available to the student these relevant theorems, which are usually scattered over decades of reading and/or in several textbooks and papers. Two chapters focus on exercises of increasing difficulty, most of them discussed fully and solved step-by-step, allowing students to strengthen and test their knowledge. Moreover, the first two chapters introduce the history of microelectronics and physics of fundamental electron devices.
Bio-Robotic Synergies
Step into a future where the lines between biology and machine blur, where the very essence of combat is being redefined. "Bio-Robotic Synergies: Uncovering combatant minds and resilience through military experience narratives" offers an unparalleled deep dive into the most transformative advancements shaping modern conflict. From the *earliest integrations* of robotic systems on the battlefield, transforming reconnaissance, logistics, and direct engagement, to the sophisticated methods of cognitive enhancement designed to sharpen focus, accelerate reaction times, and optimize critical decision-making under duress, this profound exploration lays the groundwork for understanding a new era of strategic capabilities.Journey into the cutting edge of neural interfaces, where thought itself becomes a command. Discover how *direct brain-machine control* empowers operational entities to interface with and command complex systems and weapon platforms with unprecedented fluidity. The text meticulously unpacks the fascinating science behind decoding intentions from neural signals, enabling predictive and enhanced actions in high-stakes environments. Yet, with such power comes profound responsibility. A significant portion of this insightful volume is dedicated to the **ethical considerations** that arise from mind-control technologies, prompting vital discussions on autonomy, the sanctity of free will, and the urgent need to establish robust safeguards against potential misuse. This isn't just about what's possible; it's about what *should be* and the critical frameworks necessary to navigate these uncharted waters. Beyond the technological marvels, this compelling work brings to the forefront the *unyielding spirit* of those at the vanguard of these advancements.Through a rich tapestry of **first-hand accounts**, the book illuminates stories of remarkable adaptation and profound resilience in the face of unimaginable adversity. It explores how individuals navigate and overcome challenges, showcasing the extraordinary psychological strength inherent in the operational sphere. Crucially, it dissects the multifaceted psychological impact of advanced military technologies themselves-examining the effects of increased reliance on autonomous systems and cognitive augmentations on *mental well-being, emotional equilibrium*, and overall psychological fortitude. These narratives provide a vital perspective, grounding the technological discourse in the realities of experience.The success of future operations hinges on a critical dynamic: *trust and seamless collaboration* between biological and robotic entities. This extensive analysis delves into the intricate mechanisms by which **human-robot trust** is forged, sustained, and tested during the most demanding missions. Explore innovative approaches to collaborative mission planning, where shared understanding between diverse operational components-both biological and artificial-is paramount. Witness the evolution of battle tactics shaped by these synergistic partnerships and understand how bio-robotic teaming can strategically address inherent limitations of individual agents, leading to unparalleled operational effectiveness. This section paints a vivid picture of the *integrated force of tomorrow*.Don't just observe the future of conflict unfold; grasp its intricate design and shape its trajectory.
Design and Optimization of Broadband High Impedance Groupd Planes for Surface Mount Antennas
Gain and bandwidth metrics of broad-band low-profile antennas severely deteriorate when they are placed conformally onto the conductive skins of air, sea, and ground platforms. This detrimental effect is primarily due to out-of-phase reflections from the conductive body interfering with the antenna's self radiation. Furthermore, lateral waves launched by the antenna couple into the thin substrate placed between the antenna and the platform, giving rise to surface waves resulting in significant diffraction from the edges of the substrate. To remedy these two major mechanisms degrading antenna performance, high impedance ground planes (HIGP) were designed. HIGPs made of a 2-dimentional periodic arrangement of a mushroom structure not only provide perfect-magnetic-conductor (PMC)-like reflection but also suppress the surface waves within the stop-band of the substrate modes. This study presents new geometrical shape HIGP-antenna designs and optimizations. Dipole antenna, log periodic antenna and finally bow-tie antennas are used in the study. Multi-scale HIGP and antenna designs are introduced in the final part of the thesis.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Leaks in the National Information Infrastructure Dam
Are our interconnected, electronic media and communications so pervasive, so entwined in our national defense, our economy, and our way of life that its demise would bring down the nation? What responsibilities does the government have for protecting this 'environment'? This paper examines: "The responsibilities of government" Why the national information infrastructure needs protecting "What the nation has done" The nation's options for the future Rapid growth and commercialization since the Internet's inception, and an under appreciation for security opened the floodgates for problems--from fraud and theft to defacements, disruptions, and denial of service attacks. In order for the national information infrastructure to sustain its crucial position in a wide range of essential activities it must be secure (physically and electronically). This study reviews government's role and responsibilities for policy, security, standards, laws and partnerships with the private sector.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Characterization of Hardening by Design Techniques on Commercial, Small Feature Sized Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
This thesis experimentally tests and evaluates programmable logic devices under gamma irradiation to determine radiation effects and characterize improvements of various hardening by design techniques - Error Correction Coding(ECC) and Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR). The TMR circuit includes three different functional implementations of adders compared to TMR voted circuits of those same adders. The TMR is implemented with the same functional adders and as a Functional TMR (FTMR) with three different function adders that are voted on. These adders are connected to single voter TMR and FTMR circuits to evaluate the improvements. The circuit is designed to check for errors in memory data, stuck bit values in the memory, and the performance improvements that ECC provides the system. The results show that TMR or FTMR circuits failed at a rate at or above the single copy adders. This results from the single point of failure created by the voting logic in the radiation environment. When the TMR or FTMR circuit is moved off-chip, the TMR single point of failure is removed and the results demonstrate much lower SEU error rates.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
In-Situ Gate Bias Dependent Study of Neutron Irradiation Effects on Algan/Gan Hfets
In this study, unpassivated and SiN passivated Al0.27Ga0.73N/GaN HFETs were subjected to neutron radiation at 120 K. The primary focus of the research was the effects of neutron irradiation on drain current, gate leakage current, threshold voltage shift, gate-channel capacitance, and the effects of biasing the gate during irradiation. In-situ measurements were conducted on transistor current, gate-channel capacitance, and gate leakage current vs. gate bias beginning at 77 K through 300 K in 4 K temperature intervals. The drain currents increased for all devices, with a lesser increase observed for passivated devices. The changes in carrier concentration and carrier mobility, obtained from observed drain current increases and calculated with the charge control model using observed threshold voltage shifts, were attributed to trapped, positive charges in the AlGaN layer. This trapped positive charge resulted from electron-hole pairs created by neutron radiation-induced ionizations. The leakage current increased in all devices, with a smaller change observed in passivated devices. This increase was attributed to the formation of interface traps. Biasing the gate under neutron irradiation had no effect on electrical performance of HFETs.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Effects of Temperature and Electron Radiation on the Electrical Properties of Algan/Gan Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors
AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (HFETs) have come under increased study, in recent years, owing to their highly desirable material and electrical properties, ruggedness, and survivability even during and after exposure to extreme temperature and radiation environments. These devices or similar devices constructed of AlGaN and/or GaN materials are being researched for their potential applications in many military and space based systems. In this study, unpassivated and SiN passivated Al0.27Ga0.73N/GaN HFETs were subjected to electron radiation at incident energies of 0.5MeV and 1.0MeV and fluences from 5x1014 to 5x1015 [e-/cm2] while maintained in a 10-6 Torr or higher vacuum at liquid nitrogen temperature (LN). The primary focus of the research was the effects of electron radiation and temperature on drain current, gate leakage current, threshold voltage shift, and gate-channel capacitance.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
High Performance Control of Dual Three-Phase PMSM
In recent years, multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors, especially dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors, have the advantages of higher output power, stronger fault tolerance and lower torque pulsation than the traditional three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors, and have been used in many demanding applications, such as military and new energy vehicles. Dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors have the three main characteristics of large output power under low-voltage operating conditions, high reliability and low torque pulsation compared with traditional three-phase motors. Although they provide more power and higher efficiency, they are also accompanied by the complexity and difficulty of control. The model predictive control method has become one of the main control strategies. However, as the number of phases of dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors increases, their models and control strategies become complex. These complexities not only make the control more difficult, but also may lead to the increase of harmonic currents, which increases the losses of the motor.
