Fundamentals of Tropical Freshwater Wetlands
Fundamentals of Tropical Freshwater Wetlands: From Ecology to Conservation Management is a practical guide and important tool for practitioners and educators interested in the ecology, conservation and management of wetlands in tropical/subtropical regions. The book is written in such a way that, in addition to scientists and managers, it is accessible to non-specialist readers. Organized into three themed sections and twenty-three chapters, this volume covers a variety of topics, exposing the reader to a full range of scientific, conservation and management issues. Each chapter has been written by specialists in the topic being presented. The book recognizes that wetland conservation, science and management are interlinked disciplines, and so it attempts to combine several perspectives to highlight the interdependence between the various professions that deal with issues in these environments. Within each chapter extensive cross-referencing is included, so as to help the reader link related aspects of the issues being discussed.
India: Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation and Adaptation in Developing Countries
1. New Challenges on Natural Resources and Its Impact on Climate Change in the Indian Context (Sunil Kumar Srivastava).- 2. Regional Assessment of Impacts of Climate Change: A Statistical Downscaling Approach (Nagraj S. Patil; Rajashekhar S.Laddimath).- 3. Flood Risk Assessment for Medium Size City Using Geospatial Techniques with Integrated Flood Models (Surendar Natarajan and Nisha Radhakrishnan).- 4. Impact of Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies for Fruit Crops (Tanmoy Sarkar, Anirban Roy, Sanvar Mal Choudhary and S.K. Sarkar).- 5. Evaluating Adaptation Strategies to Coastal Multi-Hazards in Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India using Composite Adaptation Index: A Household Level Analysis (Mehebub Sahana, Sufia Rehman, Shyamal Dutta, Samsad Parveen, Raihan Ahmed and Haroon Sajjad).- 6. Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Resource of India: A Geographical Appraisal (Sutapa Mukhopadhyay; Amit Kumar Mandal).- 7. Comparison of classical Mann-Kendal Test and Graphical Innovative Trend Analysis for Analyzing the Rainfall Changes in India (Tapash Mandal, Apurba Sarkar, Jayanta Das, A.T.M. Sakiur Rahman, Pradip Chouhan).- 8. Forest Phenology as an Indicator of Climate Change: Impact and Mitigation Strategies in India (Priyanshi Tiwari, Pramit Verma, A S Raghubanshi).- 9. Assessment of Stream Flow Impact on Physico-Chemical Properties of Water and Soil in Forest Hydrology through Statistical Approach (Malabika Biswas Roy, Pankaj Kumar Roy, Sudipa Halder, Gourab Banerjee and Asis Mazumdar).- 10. Impact of Climate Extremities of El-Nina and La-Nina in Patterns of Seasonal Rainfall over Coastal Karnataka, India (Stanley Raj. A, Chendhoor B.).- 11. Geothermal Energy and Climate Change Mitigation Strategies (Kriti Yadav, Anirbid Sircar and Apurwa Yadav).
Nature's Diplomats
Nature's Diplomats explores the development of science-based and internationally conceived nature protection in its foundational years before the 1960s, the decade when it launched from obscurity onto the global stage. Raf De Bont studies a movement while it was still in the making and its groups were still rather small, revealing the geographies of the early international preservationist groups, their social composition, self-perception, ethos, and predilections, their ideals and strategies, and the natures they sought to preserve. By examining international efforts to protect migratory birds, the threatened European bison, and the mountain gorilla in the interior of the Belgian Congo, Nature's Diplomats sheds new light on the launch of major international organizations for nature protection in the aftermath of World War II. Additionally, it covers how the rise of ecological science, the advent of the Cold War, and looming decolonization forced a rethinking of approach and rhetoric; and how old ideas and practices lingered on. It provides much-needed historical context for present-day convictions about and approaches to the preservation of species and the conservation of natural resources, the involvement of local communities in conservation projects, the fate of extinct species and vanished habitats, and the management of global nature.
Applied Natural Science
Applied Natural Science: Environmental Issues and Global Perspectives provides the reader with a complete insight into the natural-scientific pattern of the world, covering the most important historical stages of the development of various areas of science, methods of natural-scientific research, general scientific and philosophical concepts, and the fundamental laws of nature. The book analyzes the main scientific trends and developments of modern natural science and also discusses important aspects of environmental protection.Topics include: The problem of "the two cultures" the mathematization of natural sciences and the informatization of societyThe non-linear nature of the processes occurring in nature and societyApplication of the second law of thermodynamics to describe the development of biological systemsGlobal problems of the biosphereTheory and practice of stable organic paramagnetic materialsPolymers and the natural environmentKey features include: An interdisciplinary approach in considering scientific and technical problemsA discussion of general scientific trends in modern natural science, including globalization challenges in nature and society, the organic chemistry of stable paramagnetic materials, the fundamentals of the environmental chemistry of polymeric materials, etc.A justification of applying classical (non-equilibrium) thermodynamics to studying the behavior of open (including biological) systemsOf particular importance in the book is the discussion of some problems associated with the place of man in the biosphere, issues of the globalization of science and technology, new ideas about the universe, and the concept of universal evolutionism. At the same time, the book discusses more specific issues related to solving major global and regional environmental problems (particularities of organic paramagnetic materials, the influence of polymers on the man and environment, etc). All this leads to the fundamental conclusion of the unity of animate and inanimate nature, as well as improvement of the process of cognition of the real world, which consists in objective and natural changing of world views.The book is intended for professors, teachers, and students of classical and technological universities who are interested in the development of the foundations of modern natural sciences, as well as for professionals working in the field of chemical physics and applied ecology. 　　
Biological Treatment of Solid Waste
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. Intended for a wide audience ranging from engineers and academics to decision-makers in both the public and private sectors, Biological Treatment of Solid Waste: Enhancing Sustainability reviews several technologies that help communities manage solid waste sustainably, while at the same time generating energy, revenue, and other resources. The book is divided into three topics: Microbial technologies for solid waste treatmentCompostingBiodryingIncluded within these larger topics are case studies and investigations into particular aspects of each, with attention paid to food waste, animal waste, municipal waste, and certain forms of industrial waste. The editor is an environmental engineer with an international reputation, and she has included her own research studies as well as that of her colleagues, many of which have been presented at international waste management conferences. She concludes that our world can no longer afford to consider waste as something that can be discarded with no regard for future use. Instead, if addressed correctly through policy and practice, solid waste can become a valuable resource.
Negotiating Climate Change Adaptation
PrefaceIntroduction Abbreviations First Part: How to build a climate change adaptation position in the UNFCCC being a developing country: The subgroups of the G77 and China Chapter 1: AOSIS. Authors: Orville Grey, Pasha Carruthers, Linda Siegele Chapter 2: AGN. Authors: Kulthoum Omari, Sumaya Zakieldeen and Patience Damptey Chapter 3: LDC. Authors: Gebru Jamber, Cecilia Silva and Thinley Namgyel Chapter 4: Arab Group. Authors: Hamid AlSadoon, Nasser Alshareef Chapter 5: LMDC. Authors: Min Peng Chapter 6: AILAC. Authors: Laura Juliana Arciniegas Rojas and Julio Cordano Chapter 7: ABU. Authors: Ignacio Lorenzo and Mar穩a del Pilar Bueno Second Part: The leading coordinators of the G77 and China on Climate Change Adaptation Chapter 8: From the Cancun Adaptation Framework to the Paris Agreement. Lucas Di Pietro and Juan Hoffmaister Chapter 9: The Paris Agreement negotiations. How did we arrive at article 7 of the Agreement? Ignacio Lorenzo Chapter 10: The implementation phase of the Paris Agreement. The climate change adaptation provisions. Mar穩a del Pilar Bueno Third Part: The developing countries' efforts to build joint positions on climate change adaptation. The advocacy perspective. Chapter 11: TWN and South Center. Authors: Indrajit Bose and Meena Raman Chapter 12: IISD; ODI. Author: Erin Roberts Chapter 13: WRI. Author: Christina Chan Chapter 14: ActionAid. Author: Harjeet Singh Chapter 15: Care International. Author: Sven Harmeling
Recent Advances and Issues in Environmental Science
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.Environmental science integrates physical and biological sciences to the study of the environment, with the goal of solving today's environmental challenges. Many of these challenges tie into a greater concept of using the earth's resources sustainably. This collection brings together some very important advances in environmental science, including how climate change affects plant disease, how to keep birds and bats away from wind turbines, disinfecting polluted water for drinking, how climate policy impacts natural habitats, cancer risk due to ecological issues, and much more.
Environmental Engineering and Activated Sludge Processes
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. The activated sludge process is one of the most versatile and commonly used wastewater treatment systems in the world. In the past, when industrial wastewater treatment focused on removing biological oxygen demand and suspended solids, waste water plants needed different processes and technology. The shift to the activated sludge process means environmental engineers must build new treatment plants and retrofit old ones. In this compendium, the editor, an experienced and well-published scientist in the field, has brought together articles that relate to the new requirements.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Microplastic Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea
Evapotranspiration
This book covers topics on the basic models, assessments, and techniques to calculate evapotranspiration (ET) for practical applications in agriculture, forestry, and urban science. This simple and thorough guide provides the information and techniques necessary to develop, manage, interpret, and apply evapotranspiration [ET] data to practical applications. The simplicity of the contents facilitates a technician to develop an ET data for effective water management.
Sustainable Solid Waste Management
This book compiles many different treatment options and best practices for the treatment and recycling of municipal solid waste from all over the globe, factoring in cost-effectiveness, sanitation, and environmental degradation. Important to professors, researchers, students, policymakers, and municipal offices, this informed book looks into innovative waste management systems from a number of developing countries, which may prove useful to developed countries of the world as well.
Institutions for the Earth
Can environmental institutions be effective at bringing about a healthier environment? How? Institutions for the Earth takes a close look at the factors influencing organized responses to seven international environmental problems - oil pollution from tankers, acid rain in Europe, stratospheric ozone depletion, pollution of the North Sea and Baltic, mismanagement of fisheries, overpopulation, and misuses of farm chemicals to determine the roles that environmental institutions have played in attempting to solve them. Through rigorous, systematic comparison, it reveals common patterns that can lead to improvements in the collective management of these problems and suggests ways in which international institutions can further the case of environmental protection.The contributors identify three major functions performed by effective international environmental institutions: building national capacity, improving the contractual environment, and elevating governmental concern. The international organizations analyzed within this framework include the United Nations Environment Program, the Intergovernmental Maritime Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization, numerous fisheries commissions, the Commission for Europe, the Oslo and Paris Commissions, the Helsinki Commission, and the United Nations Fund for Population Assistance.
Materials Matter
The products we purchase and use are assembled from a wide range of naturally occurring and manufactured materials. But too often we create hazards for the ecosystem and human health as we mine, process, distribute, use, and dispose of these materials. Until recently, most research has focused on the waste end of material cycles. This book argues that the safest and least costly point at which to avoid environmental damage is when materials are first designed and selected for use in industrial production. Materials Matter presents convincing evidence that we can use fewer materials and eliminate the use of many toxic chemicals by focusing directly on material (chemical) use when products are designed. It also shows how manufacturers can save money by increasing the effectiveness of material use and reducing the use of toxic chemicals. It advocates new directions for the material sciences and government policies on materials. And it argues that manufacturers, suppliers, and customers need to set more socially responsible policies for products and services to achieve higher environmental and health goals.
Human Impact on Danube Watershed Biodiversity in the XXI Century
The second-longest European river after the Volga, the Danube is one of the world's most important rivers in terms of its geographical and historical significance. In recent history, it has served as a major international waterway and numerous cities, including four capitals, have been founded on its banks. The 2826km-long Danube has a watershed measuring 801,093 km2 that is now shared between 19 countries, from its source in the Black Forest to the Black Sea, into which it pumps an average of 827 km3 of water a year. This book describes and explains key landscape values interactions (geographical, cultural and natural heritage). It also identifies the threats and various types of human impact affecting this system in all the countries of the Danube River Basin, based on the investigations and perspectives of a team of experienced naturalists, and in the context of the early 21st century, in which the human-nature relationship is still far from balanced. These studies demonstrate how biodiversity, conservation and ecological studies can help us successfully promote mutual cooperation and combine our efforts to address problems as a responsible continent.
Use of Renewable Energies in Greenhouses
Agricultural greenhouses are energy intensive food production systems. The majority of them use fossil fuels and electricity mainly derived by them while renewable energies have limited applications in greenhouses so far. The necessity to mitigate climate change requires the replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energies and low carbon energy technologies. Due to current advances in benign energy technologies many of them are now mature, reliable and cost efficient. They can be used in greenhouses providing heat, cooling and electricity. Application of sustainable energy technologies in greenhouses results in many economic, environmental and social benefits. Utilization of endogenous renewable energy resources replacing fossil fuels is beneficial in many countries. Manufacturing and installing renewable energy systems assists the growth of local energy companies while the production of fuels based on local biomass resources helps the growth of local enterprises. The first part of the book includes eight papers focused on applications of renewable energy technologies in greenhouses. The sustainable energy technologies mentioned in the first part of the book include the use of solid biomass, biogas, opaque and semi-transparent solar-PVs, wind turbines, fuel cells and industrial waste heat reuse. The second part of the book comprises eight papers concerning the possibility of vegetables and electricity co-production, the economic and environmental assessment of renewable energies use and the possibility of creating net zero carbon emissions greenhouses due to energy use. Use of benign energy technologies in food production systems complies with European and global targets for climate change mitigation as well as with the European target to become carbon neutral continent by 2050. The book covers an existing gap regarding the overall presentation of many sustainable energy technologies that are either used in greenhouses or they could be used in the future. It is useful to greenhouse owners as well as to engineers and energy companies. It is also useful to local authorities and policy makers who are developing sustainable energy plans reducing the carbon footprint in agriculture.
Defending the Arctic Refuge
Tucked away in the northeastern corner of Alaska is one of the most contested landscapes in all of North America: the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Considered sacred by Indigenous peoples in Alaska and Canada and treasured by environmentalists, the refuge provides life-sustaining habitat for caribou, polar bears, migratory birds, and other species. For decades, though, the fossil fuel industry and powerful politicians have sought to turn this unique ecosystem into an oil field. Defending the Arctic Refuge tells the improbable story of how the people fought back. At the center of the story is the unlikely figure of Lenny Kohm (1939-2014), a former jazz drummer and aspiring photographer who passionately committed himself to Arctic Refuge activism. With the aid of a trusty slide show, Kohm and representatives of the Gwich'in Nation traveled across the United States to mobilize grassroots opposition to oil drilling. From Indigenous villages north of the Arctic Circle to Capitol Hill and many places in between, this book shows how Kohm and Gwich'in leaders and environmental activists helped build a political movement that transformed the debate into a struggle for environmental justice.In its final weeks, the Trump administration fulfilled a long-sought dream of drilling proponents: leasing much of the Arctic Refuge coastal plain for fossil fuel development. Yet the fight to protect this place is certainly not over. Defending the Arctic Refuge traces the history of a movement that is alive today--and that will continue to galvanize diverse groups to safeguard this threatened land.
Sediment for Survival
The resilience of San Francisco Bay shore habitats, such as tidal marshes and mudflats, is essential to all who live in the Bay Area. Tidal marshes and tidal flats (also known as mudflats) are key components of the shore habitats, collectively called baylands, which protect billions of dollars of bay-front housing and infrastructure (including neighborhoods, business parks, highways, sewage treatment plants, and landfills). They purify the Bay's water, support endangered wildlife, nurture fisheries, and provide people access to nature within the urban environment. Bay Area residents showed their commitment to restoring these critical habitats when they voted for a property tax to pay for large-scale tidal marsh restoration. However, climate change poses a great threat, because there may not be enough natural sediment supply for tidal marshes and mudflats to gain elevation fast enough to keep pace with sea-level rise. This report analyses current data and climate projections to determine how much natural sediment may be available for tidal marshes and mudflats and how much supplemental sediment may be needed under different future scenarios. These sediment supply and demand estimates are combined with scientific knowledge of natural physical and biological processes to offer a strategy for sediment delivery that will allow these wetlands to survive a changing climate and provide benefits to people and nature for many decades to come. The approach developed in this report may also be useful beyond San Francisco Bay because shoreline protection, flood risk-management, and looming sediment deficits are common issues facing coastal communities around the world.
The Relation between Risk and Level of Chemical Components in Drinking Water
This study intends to determine the concentrations of chemical components in drinking water from different sources. Also, it implements a comparison between the results achieved with WHO and SSMO standards and, at the same time, it examines and studies the relationship between chemical component levels in drinking water and their effects on human health. While this research improves the community's awareness about chemical water pollution, it studies the environment and its relation to the pollution of drinking water. Another aim of this project is to prevent people from the diseases caused by this type of pollution. It educates people about diverse chemical analyses and assesses the level of chemical components of drinking water before supplying to drinking.
The Relation between Risk and Level of Chemical Components in Drinking Water
This study intends to determine the concentrations of chemical components in drinking water from different sources. Also, it implements a comparison between the results achieved with WHO and SSMO standards and, at the same time, it examines and studies the relationship between chemical component levels in drinking water and their effects on human health. While this research improves the community's awareness about chemical water pollution, it studies the environment and its relation to the pollution of drinking water. Another aim of this project is to prevent people from the diseases caused by this type of pollution. It educates people about diverse chemical analyses and assesses the level of chemical components of drinking water before supplying to drinking.
Parents for a Future
That our ecological future appears grave can no longer come as any surprise. And yet we have so far failed, collectively and individually, to begin the kind of action necessary to shift our path away from catastrophic climate collapse. In this stark and startling little book, Rupert Read helps us to understand the direness of our predicament while showing us a metaphor and a method - a way of thinking - by which we might transform it. From the relatively uncontroversial starting point that we love our own children, we are introduced to a logic of care that iterates far into the future: in caring for our own children, we are committed to caring for the whole of human future; in caring for the whole of human future, we are committed to caring for the future of the natural world. Out of such thinking, hope emerges. As Read demonstrates in this urgent call to action, accepting that we care for our own offspring commits us to a struggle on behalf of us all.
Yellowstone’s Survival and Our Call to Action
This book focuses on Yellowstone: the park, the larger ecosystem, and even more so, the "idea" of Yellowstone. In presenting a case for a new conservation paradigm for the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), including Yellowstone National Park, the book, at its heart, is about people and nature relationships. This new paradigm will be truly committed to a healthy, sustainable environment, rich in other life forms, and one that affords dignity for all: humans and nonhumans.
Yellowstone’s Survival and Our Call to Action
This book focuses on Yellowstone: the park, the larger ecosystem, and even more so, the "idea" of Yellowstone. In presenting a case for a new conservation paradigm for the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), including Yellowstone National Park, the book, at its heart, is about people and nature relationships. This new paradigm will be truly committed to a healthy, sustainable environment, rich in other life forms, and one that affords dignity for all: humans and nonhumans.
Goodnight Gasoline
Good-bye gasoline. We don't want you any more. It's time for you to go.
Urban Climate Change and Heat Islands
Urban Climate Change and Heat Islands: Characterization, Impacts, and Mitigation serves as a go to reference for a foundational understanding of urban-climate drivers and impacts. Through the book's comprehensive chapters, the authors help readers identify problems associated with urban climate change, along with potential solutions. Global case studies are included and presented in a way in which they become globally relevant to any urban or intra-urban environment. The authors call on their extensive experience to present and explore methodologies and approaches to quantifying urban-heat mitigation measures in a clear manner, focusing on heat islands, urban overheating and effects on air quality.
The Suburban Squeeze
The Suburban Squeeze: Land Conversion and Regulation in the San Francisco Bay Area is a landmark study of how local land use policies and environmental regulations reshaped one of the country's fastest-growing metropolitan regions. David E. Dowall traces the historical arc of Bay Area suburbanization after World War II and demonstrates how restrictive zoning, slow-growth ordinances, and fiscal constraints--especially after Proposition 13--contributed to rising housing costs and deepening jobs-housing imbalances. Through detailed case studies of six Bay Area cities and a comprehensive survey of local planning departments, the book reveals how well-intentioned growth controls have produced cumulative regional effects: higher land prices, constrained residential supply, and escalating pressures on industry and infrastructure. Balancing rigorous quantitative analysis with lucid narrative, Dowall situates the Bay Area as both a cautionary tale and a national bellwether. He documents the direct costs of land use controls on new housing, the indirect spillovers in markets, and the broader social consequences of the suburban squeeze. By pairing cities with contrasting land use regimes, the book effectively constructs a "natural experiment" in urban planning, offering rare empirical evidence of how regulations shape metropolitan economies. For planners, policymakers, and scholars of housing and urban development, The Suburban Squeeze remains a vital resource--one that underscores the high costs of inaction while calling for more integrated regional approaches to reconcile environmental quality with the urgent need for affordable homes. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1984.
Fungi in Sustainable Food Production
Presents research on the challenges and potential of fungal contribution in agriculture for food substantiality Includes insights into use of microbial consortia for food processing of biobased products Bridges across topics related to prospects, investment, and intellectual and technical issues related to fungal contribution in agriculture
Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security in Egypt
This book gathers contributions discussing climate change in Egypt from an agricultural perspective. Written by leading experts, it presents state-of-the-art insights and the latest research developments in light of the most recent IPCC report. Focusing on identifying the specific phenomena that affect climate change in Egypt, the book also addresses the effects of climate change in Egypt, particularly examining the quality and quantity of water resources as well as the socio-economic impacts of climate change on agricultural activities. Furthermore, it explores alternative solutions to support agriculture and food security and raises awareness of adaptation and protection as the key to adapting to the risks posed by climate change. Covering the four fundamental pillars of climate change: food security, availability, access and stability, this book is a valuable resource for stakeholders involved in achieving the 2030 sustainable development goals inEgypt and all countries with similar climatic conditions. It is also a unique source of information and updates on climate change impacts for graduates, researchers, policy planners, and decision-makers.
Ecological Tolerance and Its Philosophical Essence
In this monograph, the historical genesis and retrospective roots of tolerance, the concept of "tolerance" and its scientific-methodological methodology, tolerance procedures, criteria for generalization of norms and organization of governance, socio-political features of environmental tolerance and factors of environmental tolerance in the process of globalization are identified.
Understanding Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Coronavirus disease is a virus that is part of a large family of viruses called coronaviruses (CoV). It has been known to cause common respiratory infections ranging from common diseases like the common cold to more critical illnesses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). However, the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a new strain of the coronaviruses that was discovered in 2019 that has never been previously identified in humans. This is a revised edition of the 2020 original version that discussed how dangerous the virus is, how it all started, the causes, the diagnosis and prevention. This updated version discusses the international response, the COVID-19 mortality, the COVID-19 vaccine and contains lots of updated data, facts and eliminates that which is outdated as of February 2021.
Food Systems Modelling
Food Systems Modelling emphasizes sustainability, including the impact of agriculture and food production on profits, people and environment, with a particular focus on the ability of humanity to continue producing food in the midst of global environmental change. Sections introduce the purpose of models, the definition of a food system, the importance of disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary inquiry, cover specific branches of modeling in the sustainability of food systems, and wrestle with the challenge of communicating modeling research and appropriately integrating multiple dimensions of sustainability. This book will be a welcomed reference for food scientists, agricultural scientists, nutritionists, environmental scientists, ecologists, economists, those working in agribusiness and food supply chain management, community and public health, and urban and regional planning, as well as academicians and graduate students interested in the sustainability of food systems.
Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases Emissions
The book presents the principles, practices along with key messages on different relevant issues on climate change and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions in agriculture.Note: T& F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. This title is co-published with NIPA.
Sustainable Human-Nature Relations
This book addresses sustainability thinking and the bigger picture, by taking into consideration how and from where contemporary schools of thought emerged approximately a quarter-century ago. Evidence from the literature illustrates a number of key concepts and techniques that have been tested and continue to be tested, within various multi-disciplinary fields, on societal functionality. Research into sustainable societies needs to be sound, ethical, and creative. A cross-sectoral, interdisciplinary examination of challenges and strategies is used to interlink sustainability thinking and human-nature relations. With an ever-growing number of people now concentrated within urban areas, providing not only environmental quality and livable space, but also security and resilient urban systems, is becoming increasingly important. This urbanization trend has overlapped with environmental degradation, consumption of natural resources, habitat loss, and overall ecosystem change. Consequently, the goal is for cleaner, safer societies - with higher standards of living - to excel in support of current and future generational communities. The book tackles these challenges by integrating environmental scholarship, economic evaluation, and urban strategies under one umbrella of thought. The relational paradigms presented include examples that correlate developed and developing countries, socioeconomics and community development, and governance of knowledge and education. As such, the book argues, furthering of knowhow should be accessible and shared in order to achieve maximum innovation and benefit. Sustainability thinking, after all, is a metric for intrinsic human-nature relations in terms of past performance, present development, and future goals. This book discusses this metric and offers novel approaches to growing societies and what we can do next.
Solid Waste as a Renewable Resource
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. The twenty-first century world faces several enormous challenges: how to mitigate climate change, meet a growing energy demand without relying on fossil fuels, and manage the escalating quantities of solid waste generated by cities around the world. This compendium volume offers a viable solution to all three: using solid waste as a renewable resource.Intended for a wide audience ranging from engineers and academics to decision-makers in both the public and private sectors, this volume has gathered together research into a range of technologies and methodologies. The editors, two well-published researchers at the top of their field, have selected articles that lay the foundation for this discussion. They have then included chapters for the following waste management scenarios: anaerobic digestion, composting, pyrolysis and chemical upgrading, incineration and carbonization, and gasification.Research has been included from around the world, representing potential international solutions to what are global challenges, as well as crucial implications for ongoing research in this important field of study.
Ecotoxicology of Marine Organisms
This book presents a comprehensive review of the most recent studies to understand the impact of contaminants on the marine environment. Latest techniques, are provided, which can be applied to several types of marine organisms from bacteria and fungi to animals and algae.
Political Responsibility for Climate Change
This book offers new perspectives on how social and political institutions can respond more effectively to climate change.Theresa Scavenius presents a concept of moral responsibility that does not address the obligations of individual citizens, but instead assesses the moral responsibility of institutionalised actors, such as governments, parliaments, and other governmental agencies. This focus on political responsibility is something that up until now has largely been neglected by moral theory, but Scavenius argues in this book that accountability must be assigned to institutionalised group agents. With this new research, she outlines building blocks for a new agenda of climate studies by offering an innovative approach to climate governance and democratic climate action at a time when many political initiatives have failed and crucially outlines the necessity of approaching moral dilemmas from a fact sensitive political theoretical approach.Written in a clear and engaging style, this volume will be an invaluable reference for researchers interested in moral philosophy, climate change, environmental politics and policy, and institutional theory.
Applying Ecosystem and Landscape Models in Natural Resource Management
This book provides natural resource professionals with the knowledge to properly use ecological models and then to interpret their results in natural resource management applications.
Sewage and Landfill Leachate
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. This new book provides a multiperspective look at research into many elements of remediating environmental hazards connected to sewage and landfill leachate. Sewage and landfill leachate treatments include various processes that are used to manage and dispose of the liquid portions of solid waste. Untreated leachate and sewage are hazards to the environment if they enter the water system. The goal of treatment is to reduce the contaminating load to the point that leachate and sewage liquids may be safely released into groundwater, streams, lakes, and the ocean.Around the world, however, huge volumes of contaminated water from sewage and landfill leachate is still pumped directly into water systems, especially in the world's developing nations. Aside from the damage to marine environments and fisheries that this causes, it also jeopardizes the world's vulnerable water resources.This compendium volume explores effective sewage management, which is essential for nutrient recycling and for maintaining ecosystem integrity. It looks at a range of technologies that are available for the treatment of sewage and landfill leachate. The editor, himself a respected and experienced researcher in this field, includes chapters that cover biological treatments, reverse osmosis, and chemical-physical processes. This volume offers important research that will help us both assess our existing treatment facilities, as well as build better, more effective ones for the future.
Thermochemical Waste Treatment
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. Increasing attention is being paid to the valorization of solid wastes-converting them into energy or other useful products. This book describes recent research into methodologies and technologies for managing various forms of solid waste, while at the same time generating energy and revenue with less impact on the environment. Topics include combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal carbonization. The transition from a fossil fuel-based economy to a more sustainable economy will require a solid foundation of ongoing scientific research. The editor of this compendium, a well-respected researcher in the field, has selected studies that help to build that foundation.
Chemical Applications of Symmetry and Group Theory
As the structure and behavior of molecules and crystals depend on their different symmetries, group theory becomes an essential tool in many important areas of chemistry. It is a quite powerful theoretical tool to predict many basic as well as some characteristic properties of molecules. Whereas quantum mechanics provide solutions of some chemical problems on the basis of complicated mathematics, group theory puts forward these solutions in a very simplified and fascinating manner.Group theory has been successfully applied to many chemical problems. Students and teachers of chemical sciences have an invisible fear from this subject due to the difficulty with the mathematical jugglery. An active sixth dimension is required to understand the concept as well as to apply it to solve the problems of chemistry. This book avoids mathematical complications and presents group theory so that it is accessible to students as well as faculty and researchers. Chemical Applications of Symmetry and Group Theory discusses different applications to chemical problems with suitable examples. The book develops the concept of symmetry and group theory, representation of group, its applications to I.R. and Raman spectroscopy, U.V spectroscopy, bonding theories like molecular orbital theory, ligand field theory, hybridization, and more. Figures are included so that reader can visualize the symmetry, symmetry elements, and operations.
Urban Development for the 21st Century
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. Urban planners around the world are increasingly concerned with creating and maintaining cities that are healthy for both the environment and for individuals. Cities are at the forefront of the trend toward sustainable living, since they are the site of concentrated population, resource use, and greenhouse gas emissions, yet also have the tools and the resources to address climate change and environmental degradation. Part of the modern urban planner's challenge is to impact individual behavior on a systemic, urban scale, since sustainable cities are made up of systems that encourage sustainable behavior.The articles chosen for this compendium cover many aspects of urban living on this individual yet systematic scale. Included are chapters that focus on: How individuals, households, and cities use resources and create greenhouse gas emissions How urban resources can be expanded to include waste streams Options for measuring and encouraging sustainable transportation Cities' renewable and non-renewable energy demands Sustainable housing solutions Case studies and up-to-date research provide urban planners with new options for creating cities that will meet the demands of the twenty-first century. Also appropriate for graduate students who are preparing for careers related to urban planning, this compendium captures and integrates the current work being done in this vitally important field.
Pomegranate Production and Marketing
In the past decade, many scientific studies were conducted on pomegranates, revealing that pomegranate fruit, flowers, bark, and leaves contain bioactive phytochemicals that are antimicrobial, reduce blood pressure, and act against diseases such as diabetes and cancer. This book presents up-to-date scientific and theoretically viable information
Geographical Indication and Global Agri-Food
This book addresses the relevance of geographical indication (GI) as a tool for local and socio-economic development and democratization of agri-food, with case studies from Asia, Europe and the Americas.A geographical indication is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. It provides not only a way for businesses to leverage the value of their geographically unique products, but also to inform and attract consumers. A highly contested topic, GI is praised as a tool for the revitalization of agricultural communities, while also criticized for being an instrument exploited by global corporate forces to promote their interests. There are concerns that the promotion of GI may hamper the establishment of democratic forms of development. The contributing authors address this topic by offering theoretically informed investigations of GI from around the world. The book includes case studies ranging from green tea in Japan, olive oil in Turkey and dried fish in Norway, to French wine and Mexican Mezcal. It also places GI in the broader context of the evolution and trends of agri-food under neoliberal globalization. The book will be of interest to researchers, policy makers and students in agri-food studies, sociology of food and agriculture, geography, agricultural and rural economics, environmental and intellectual property law, and social development.
The Paradigm of Forests and the Survival of the Fittest
Tthe book evokes interest in the development of an integrated approach towards forest ecosystems and natural resources in the context of sustainability.
Groundwater Geophysics in Hard Rock
This book presents a systematic and proper geophysical approach to groundwater exploration in hard rocks, discussing various geophysical techniques and combinations to be used, interpretation of data with case studies and drilling results and the preparation of different utility maps.
Ecotoxicology of Nanoparticles in Aquatic Systems
This book explores the use of nanoparticles related to their occurrence in the environment, their impact on biota in aquatic systems, application of new methodologies, and changes associated with new global scenarios and covers the bioaccumulation and internalization of nanoparticles.
Compost Utilization in Production of Horticultural Crops
This book provides information for the compost industry to develop horticulture production efforts and techniques. This highly practical book contains information applicable to current production issues facing the fruit and nuts, vegetable, and ornamentals and turfgrass industry.
Development of Novel Bioelectrochemical Membrane Separation Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery
The most commonly used biological wastewater treatment technologies still have serious technical-economical and sustainability-related limitations, due to their high energy requirements, poor effluent quality, and lack of energy and resource recovery processes. In this thesis, novel electrochemical membrane bioreactors (EMBRs), which take advantage of membrane separation and bioelectrochemical techniques, are developed for wastewater treatment and the simultaneous recovery of energy and resources. Above all, this innovative system holds great promise for the efficient wastewater treatment and energy recovery. It can potentially recover net energy from wastewater while at the same time harvesting high-quality effluent. The book also provides a proof-of-concept study showing that electrochemical control might offer a promising in-situ means of suppressing membrane fouling. Lastly, by integrating electrodialysis into EMBRs, phosphate separation and recovery are achieved. Hence, these new EMBR techniques provide viable alternatives for sustainable wastewater treatment and resource recovery.
