Research on Dormancy and Seed Germination as an Educational Resource
The Ministry of Education of Russia sees one of the ways to improve the efficiency of the educational process in modern Russian schools in the development of extracurricular education system through elective and elective courses. The elective courses, in addition to teaching and research activities, may include elements of scientific-research work, and in this regard, it is important for a teacher to choose a topic, direction in which students could work. One of such directions is the least studied in the physiology of plant growth and development problems of dormancy and seed germination. It is known that the hormonal system of plants regulates such important processes as seed formation, their transition to dormancy, seed emergence from dormancy (Obrucheva, 2012). There is no doubt that gibberellins, auxins and cytokinins play an important role in some stages of seed formation (Nefedyeva, 2013). It is also established that these hormones and abscisic acid regulate the process of seed germination (Kefeli, 1989). According to M. G. Nikolaeva, the hormone whose content determines the transition of seeds to the dormant state and their exit from it is indolylacetic acid.
![IB Biology Internal Assessment [IA]](https://cdn.kingstone.com.tw/english/images/product/1538/9781999611538.webp "IB Biology Internal Assessment [IA]")
IB Biology Internal Assessment [IA]
This book contains seven excellent Internal Assessments (IA) for the IB Biology course. Our goal is to help you understand how success is achieved in the IA so that you can go on to obtain a similar result. Alongside these IAs is a clear and comprehensive guide on how to write yours, including everything from how to choose an interesting topic to how to integrate the IA with your studies and the syllabus. The guide also includes links to various online resources which may help you achieve the maximum mark. Sections include: - Structure: how to plan your Biology IA the ideal way - Ideas: an exhaustive list of excellent sources and websites - Assessment: maximizing your marks with one eye on the grading criterion - Technology: what tools can be used to improve your IAOur guide makes frequent reference to the grading matrix and the format that your IA should follow, as well as highlighting details which you must bear in mind when carrying out your investigation.EIB Education (Elite IB Tutors) are a globally recognized authority in the International Baccalaureate. Having supported thousands of students across 40 countries in the past 7 years, EIB supports students, families and schools through the entire IB journey.
Application of Analytical Chemistry to Foods and Food Technology
The application of analytical chemistry to the food sector allows the determination of the chemical composition of foods and the properties of their constituents, contributing to the definition of their nutritional and commodity value. Furthermore, it is possible to study the chemical modifications that food constituents undergo as a result of the treatments they undergo (food technology). Food analysis, therefore, allows us not only to determine the quality of a product or its nutritional value, but also to reveal adulterations and identify the presence of xenobiotic substances potentially harmful to human health. Furthermore, some foods, especially those of plant origin, contain numerous substances with beneficial effects on health. While these functional compounds can be obtained from a correct diet, they can also be extracted from food matrices for the formulation of nutraceutical products or added to foods by technological or biotechnological means for the production of functional foods. On the other hand, the enormous growth of the food industry over the last 50 years has broadened the field of application of analytical chemistry to encompass not only food but also food technology, which is fundamental for increasing the production of all types of food.
Silver-Based Antimicrobials
There is some talk about an antibiotic Armageddon due to quickly developing resistance towards commercially available antibiotics. For the most part, the classical antibiotic pipeline has dried up, and antibiotic resistance to any new drugs quickly develops. It is here that metal-based antimicrobials can step forward as possible solutions in this antimicrobial resistance era. The biological targets of metal atoms are more diverse, thus making it more difficult for bacteria to develop resistance compared with classical antibiotics. The metal silver has been used since antiquity for wound healing and water purification. At present, it is the most prevalent antimicrobial metal used in healthcare, industry, and consumer products. Silver is being used in the form of ionic salt, colloids, or in specific nanomaterials, and as described in this book, it can be applied as mixtures with other antimicrobials or coating composites. The different formulations are explored for their efficacy against a variety of problems related to agricultural and medical infections. Whilst by no means exhaustive, this book nicely highlights the present directions in silver-based antimicrobial research and antimicrobial formulation development. The chapters have been organized from a general introductory review to approaches of mixing other antimicrobials and materials to enhance silver performance. This is followed by synthetic approaches. First are biogenic (sometimes called green or eco-friendly) approaches, followed by advanced physical-chemical synthetic approaches. The book ends with an overview of applications through a review of patents over the past 10 years.
Tuco-Tucos
Preface.- The history of Ctenomys in the fossil record: a young radiation of an ancient family.- A short overview of the systematics of Ctenomys: species limits and phylogenetic relationships.- Speciation in the genus Ctenomys: an attempt to find models.- Geographical and macroecological patterns of tuco-tucos.- Phylogeography and landscape genetics in the subterranean rodents of the genus Ctenomys.- Skull shape and size diversification in the Genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae).- Biomechanics and strategies of digging.- Adaptive pelage coloration in Ctenomys.- Environmental and ecological features of the genus Ctenomys.- The diet of ctenomyids.- Ecological physiology and behavior in the genus Ctenomys.- Effects of environmental pollution on the conservation of Ctenomys.- Index.
Protocol Handbook for Cancer Biology
Protocol Handbook for Cancer Biology brings together a comprehensive collection of the methods used for cancer assessment, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Various protocols are discussed along with alternative strategies, including the advantages and limitations of techniques that have been used in labs globally. These protocols are presented by cancer biology experts based on their real-world experience. The protocols in this book will be a valuable resource for cancer researchers and graduate students, who can utilize the techniques described to conduct research more efficiently and successfully.
Laboratory Practices in Microbiology
Laboratory Practices in Microbiology provides updated insights on methods of isolation and cultivation, morphology of microorganisms, the determination of biochemical activities of microorganisms, and physical and chemical effects on microorganisms. Sections cover methods of preparation of media and their sterilization, microorganisms in environment, aseptic techniques, pure culture techniques, preservation of cultures, morphological characteristics of microorganisms, wet-mount and hanging-drop techniques, different staining techniques, cultural and biochemical characteristics of bacteria, antimicrobial effects of agents on microorganisms, hand scrubbing in the removal of microorganisms, characteristics of fungi, uses of bacteriophages in different applications, and more. Applications are designed to be common, complete with equipment, minimal expense and quick to the markets. Images are added to applications, helping readers better follow the expressions and make them more understandable. This is an essential book for students and researchers in microbiology, the health sciences, food engineering and technology, and medicine, as well as anyone working in a laboratory setting with microorganisms.
Novel Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia in the elderly population worldwide. AD is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration that leads to a gradual deterioration of memory and other cognitive functions. Given the global prevalence and impact of AD, there is a critical need to establish biomarkers that can be used to detect AD in individuals before the onset of clinical signs and provide mitigating therapeutics. The aim of this Special Issue is to discuss the current knowledge as well as future perspectives on the role of biomarkers in the screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of AD.
Structure and Function of Antibodies
This book provides a detailed description of all kinds of therapeutic antibodies including IgGs, IgAs, IgEs, and IgMs, bispecific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor antibodies, and antibody fragments. Details about how each of these antibodies interact with their ligands, the immune system, and their targets are provided. Additionally, this book delves into the details of antibody, Fc, and variable chain structures, and how subtle changes in structure, charge, flexibility, post-translational modification, and the ability to bind to natural antibody ligands can result in a significant impact on antibody activity and functionality. Finally, the book explains the critical quality attributes of modern therapeutic antibodies and how to ensure that antibodies entering development have the best possible chance of success.
New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression
Biomarkers are of critical medical importance for oncologists, allowing them to predict and detect disease and to determine the best course of action for cancer patient care. Prognostic markers are used to evaluate a patient's outcome and cancer recurrence probability after initial interventions such as surgery or drug treatments and, hence, to select follow-up and further treatment strategies. On the other hand, predictive markers are increasingly being used to evaluate the probability of benefit from clinical intervention(s), driving personalized medicine. Evolving technologies and the increasing availability of "multiomics" data are leading to the selection of numerous potential biomarkers, based on DNA, RNA, miRNA, protein, and metabolic alterations within cancer cells or tumor microenvironment, that may be combined with clinical and pathological data to greatly improve the prediction of both cancer progression and therapeutic treatment responses. However, in recent years, few biomarkers have progressed from discovery to become validated tools to be used in clinical practice. This Special Issue comprises eight review articles and five original studies on novel potential prognostic and predictive markers for different cancer types.
Cannabis
Over the years, there has been increasing interest into the public health impact of cannabis use, especially by young adults. This follows the evidence of a growing prevalence of regular cannabis use worldwide, with approximately 200 million users. Recreational cannabis use, especially a frequent use of products with high levels of its main psychoactive ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), can cause dependence and have transient and long-lasting detrimental mental health effects, also negatively impacting cognitive processing and brain function and metabolism. In regular users, the development of tolerance to some of the effects of cannabis, especially the pleasurable ones, may lead to progressively heavier use in order to obtain the same effects in terms of their intensity, with higher health risks. However, the Cannabis Sativa plant contains different chemicals with different potential effects. In this regard, cannabidiol has gained interest because of its potential therapeutic properties, in line with evidence that CBD and Δ9-THC may exhibit opposite effects at the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), Δ9-THC being a partial agonist and CBD an antagonist/inverse agonist. Different cannabinoids may modulate human brain function and behavior in different ways, with different risk-benefit profiles.
Antibiogramma di batteri selvatici e mutati che causano infezioni nosocomiali
Gli antibiotici sono i metaboliti secondari prodotti dai microrganismi che influenzano la crescita di altri microrganismi, in particolare i batteri. Il presente studio ha lo scopo di studiare la sensibilit? agli antibiotici dei patogeni batterici selvatici e mutati contro gli antibiotici standard. I patogeni batterici selezionati per il presente studio sono stati raccolti e mantenuti in slant di agar Nutrient a 4 簞C. Undici patogeni batterici selezionati per la presente ricerca sono Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Shigella dysentriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp. ed Enterococcus faecalis. Sei antibiotici selezionati erano Ampicillina, Streptomicina, Vancomicina, Tetraciclina, Rifampicina e Cloramfenicolo. Le colture batteriche sono state mutate mettendo il brodo di coltura batterica sotto la luce UV in un armadio a flusso laminare a 250 nm. Il test di diffusione del disco proposto da Kirby e Bauer 癡 stato utilizzato per studiare l'antibiogramma dei patogeni batterici selvatici e mutati. Si 癡 concluso che i patogeni batterici mutati UV sono altamente suscettibili agli antibiotici rispetto ai ceppi batterici selvatici.
Biopolis
In Biopolis, we have explored new visions of city living through the lenses of biological research.We invited a selection of prominent writers living in Scotland to engage in conversations with cutting-edge researchers based at the University of Edinburgh in order to create speculative stories about the impact of biotechnology on urban life. The resulting tales of brain simulation, mobile and malleable buildings, bio-recycling, biodesigned species, altered bodies and microbial communication simultaneously speak to our very human longings for connection, for recognition, for freedom; ultimately, they articulate our perennial aspiration to find better ways of living.Mostly set in Scotland, these are deeply human and universal accounts of bio-based futures that illuminate the relevance of research in synthetic biology, biochemistry, bioengineering, computational biology, and biomedicine to our collective goals.
Reconciling Genesis and Science
Evolutionists, Creationists and Intelligent Design theorists have been arguing the questions of the origin of the universe for decades. To the surprise of many, the argument is not simply scientific, Philosophy and point of view often skew the facts. In recent years the battle has escalated, isolating the groups, so the productive communication and genuine debate has become impossible. In this book we look for answers from philosophy, time, life, anthropology, the experts, Columbus & Galileo and the Soul. Can they help us get to the truth?
The Temple of Nature
Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) was a famous physician, researcher, inventor and natural philosopher. In poetry and essays, he popularized the science of his time. He also presented a well thought out theory of evolution in all his major works, where he got around some of the traps that Jean-Baptiste Lamarck fell into when he published his theory in 1809. Erasmus' grandson, Charles Darwin, repudiated that he would have been influenced by his relative. He also played down his paternal grandfather's importance as a forerunner to the theory of evolution. Thus, for a long time, Charles Darwin affected how Erasmus was captured for posterity.He got a reputation for having produced only sketchy speculations about the origin of species, wrapped into an eccentric kind of popular science consisting of bad poetry. It was not until modern times that Erasmus Darwin was rediscovered by researchers in the history of science and ideas. He has now retrieved his place in history as one of the most original and perceptive scientific thinkers of his time.As a matter of fact, Erasmus Darwin's theory of evolution was quintessential for his natural philosophy. According to him, it was not only life that had developed from a simple original condition into more and more complicated organisms, but the whole universe had, through self-organizing processes, developed from a formless chaos into the cosmos we now live in. The human progress should also be seen as a part of this universal tendency towards perfection.The universe of Erasmus Darwin is cyclical. Our world will molder when the constructions of the heavens have reached their culmination. Everything will return into the original chaos -- and a new glorious universe will emerge like a Phoenix from the ashes, with new hopes for the future.In The Temple of Nature (1803), the aged Erasmus Darwin explains the philosophy he developed during his life. Timaios Press is now publishing this remarkable work in a modern volume, where the numerous Latin quotations have been provided with translations.
Science and Sovereignty
This book explores the impact of modern science on Western notions of sovereignty and its extension and interpretation within the Hispanic world. While the Scientific Revolution richly contributed to innovations in political theory, influencing thinkers as Montesquieu, Locke, and Hobbes, the diffusion of these ideas to Puerto Rico would be held back by monarchical Spanish colonialism for nearly two centuries. The historical gap was of such an extent, that when modern science finally did arrive during the nineteenth century, its adoption and impact would be negligible. The changing political circumstances of the twentieth century, and the new world of corporate technology would also drastically impact its modern implementation in the tropical island.
The biochemistry of feeling, GO to the mattresses
Life is biochemistry inside each invivo; the genetic side translates to a shape, the phenotypes, the emotions, feelings, etc. Inside each creature, they are a bright and dark genetic side. However, every single creature has complete authority to activate each type of gene to good or bad and send it to inherited offspring. Human fate in his hand depends on persons and the community together. So please appreciate everything in the world; everything feels. In this universe, everything is biochemistry. Some of this biochemistry reaction is reversible others not. The feeling is biochemistry that needs to catalyze to make the reaction cascade appropriately. People have times to feel unsafe, anxious, depressed, and tired. It is ok to lose temper sometimes, but we have a theme here, one should know it is ok to express inside feelings, bypass hurting others' feelings, apologize, share love, and believe in God to assist one along the way. One should have deep hedonic memories feeling to satisfy life's truth and handle it. The book is for engaging in the biochemistry, feeling, and the truth. Securing is the soul that balances adrenaline, dopamine, endorphins, serotonin, Oxytocin, and others.
A Simpler Life
A Simpler Life approaches the developing field of synthetic biology by focusing on the experimental and institutional lives of practitioners in two labs at Princeton University. It highlights the distance between hyped technoscience and the more plodding and entrenched aspects of academic research. Talia Dan-Cohen follows practitioners as they wrestle with experiments, attempt to publish research findings, and navigate the ins and outs of academic careers. Dan-Cohen foregrounds the practices and rationalities of these pursuits that give both researchers' lives and synthetic life their distinctive contemporary forms. Rather than draw attention to avowed methodology, A Simpler Life investigates some of the more subtle and tectonic practices that bring knowledge, doubt, and technological intervention into new configurations. In so doing, the book sheds light on the more general conditions of contemporary academic technoscience.
A Student Handbook for Writing in Biology
The newest edition of Knisely's Student Handbook for Writing in Biology is the helping hand your students are looking for, offering the support they need to write within the conventions of biology. Topics range from reading technical literature and writing scientific papers, to preparing lab reports and giving oral presentations of scientific findings. Students get practical advice from MS Office appendices, tutorial videos, and various checklists. Examples and resources throughout the text show not just what to do, but how to do it. The newest edition mirrors the ways students use online resources and social media platforms for research, making sure the information is both credible and relevant. A new statistics chapter covers the application of descriptive statistics to actual datasets and selected tests of significance.
A Simpler Life
A Simpler Life approaches the developing field of synthetic biology by focusing on the experimental and institutional lives of practitioners in two labs at Princeton University. It highlights the distance between hyped technoscience and the more plodding and entrenched aspects of academic research. Talia Dan-Cohen follows practitioners as they wrestle with experiments, attempt to publish research findings, and navigate the ins and outs of academic careers. Dan-Cohen foregrounds the practices and rationalities of these pursuits that give both researchers' lives and synthetic life their distinctive contemporary forms. Rather than draw attention to avowed methodology, A Simpler Life investigates some of the more subtle and tectonic practices that bring knowledge, doubt, and technological intervention into new configurations. In so doing, the book sheds light on the more general conditions of contemporary academic technoscience.
Coral Reef Curiosities
Wow! I didn't know that!Appealing to divers, snorkelers, and armchair travelers, author Chuck Weikert surprises readers with every page turn. Easily accessible and richly illustrated, Coral Reef Curiosities: Intrigue, Deception and Wonder on the Reef and Beyond chronicles the secret lives of coral reef animals. This lively book also reveals this diverse ecosystem's connections with humankind, as expressed in art, science and literature.The book is populated with the likes of Touch-me-not Sponges, Spanish Dancers, Bumphead Parrotfish, Colossal Squids, Hawksbill Sea Turtles, sharks, barracudas, stingrays, octopuses and solar-powered sea slugs.Each of the 25 chapters is dedicated to a particular kind of animal, uncovering layers of natural and cultural history. Meet scientists and sailors, artists, poets and famous writers like Jack London and Herman Melville who helped expand the world's knowledge of coral reef animals.You'll be entranced with the fascinating natural history: - Discover how the reef's version of a car wash sometimes backfires for its clients. - Behold the sedentary sea squirt, a creature more like us than we might want to imagine. - Learn how groupers and moray eels team up for hunting expeditions. - And find out why the octopus despises the rat."Like a living coral reef...chock full of treasures!...Weikert is your ideal guide to the creatures who populate the most other-worldly and thrilling habitat on our planet." --Sy Montgomery, author of The Soul of an Octopus, National Book Award Finalist, New York Times Bestseller, Library Journal Best Sci-Tech Book of the Year"With fresh, precise language (and humor) Chuck Weikert takes us snorkeling, revealing unpredictable and surprising connections across time and space." --Caroline S. Rogers, Marine Ecologist, U.S. Geological Survey Caribbean Field Station; author of Coral Reef Stars and The Mysterious, Magical Mangroves of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands"...accessible...informative...very good attention to detail and accuracy...complex subjects explained in clear and simple terms...gives the reader an appreciation for the brilliance of these diverse ecosystems...A natural history tour de force." --Alan Friedlander, Chief Scientist, National Geographic Pristine Seas Project; Director, Fisheries Ecology Research Lab, University of Hawai'i"Weikert's genius is to meet us where we are in our understanding and draw us out. A career National Park Service designer of nature programs, he brings the unseen into sharp focus. This is nature writing as it should be." --Ed Zahniser, Senior Writer and Editor, U.S. National Park Service Interpretive Design Center"Chuck Weikert has surpassed his goal to better connect people with reefs....historical paintings, drawings, diagrams and brilliant color photos add to the joy..." --Gary Davis, Aquanaut, Project Tektite I; U.S. National Park Service Chief Ocean Scientist, retired
Advances in Applied Microbiology, 116
Advances in Applied Microbiology, Volume 116 continues the comprehensive reach of this widely read and authoritative review source in microbiology. Users will find invaluable references and information on a variety of areas relating to the topic of microbiology, with this release focusing on the lipid production by oleaginous yeasts.
Neuroplasticity
By working hard and training your brain you can have a brain that is as health and strong as your body. In this book we will explore the mysteries and new discoveries connected with neuroplasticity. Here is a preview of what you'll learn...- Understanding what neuroplasticity is and how you can benefit from it- How neuroplasticity can help you increase concentration, memory, self discipline and stop procrastination- Neuroplasticity techniques to rewire your brain for success- Neuroplasticity techniques to rewire your brain for better relationships- Strategies to change any belief or area of your life using neuroplasticity- The human brain and the amazing capabilities it has- Quick tips to implement neuroplasticity for fast results- How repetition is the key to creating new neural pathways in the brain- Tips on how to improve your overall mind power- Much, much more! This book contains enough novelty and variation in exercise and lifestyle to last a lifetime, and certainly enough to power you through a speedy recovery.
Current Microbiological Research in Africa
Scientific output in low- and middle-income countries is greatly challenged by numerous factors. This is particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan African countries, despite the continent being the world's second largest and second most-populous continent, currently undergoing rapid economic growth. Financial constraints and unclear areas of focus when funding is available, are among the limiting factors, with the consequence being the development of inadequate policies, especially those relating to environmental protection and conservation.This 13-chapter book is a unique piece in the field of microbiology, designed to stimulate some research areas in Africa by illustrating interesting and informative examples of the current applied research agenda in environmental microbiology in selected countries within the continent. With authors from the North, South, East and West of Africa, the book touches diverse applied methods and approaches to meet the pragmatic needs faced by environmental microbiologists in Africa. Also included are topics on viruses, bacteria (including cyanobacteria), and protozoa, and their importance in disease. Sustainable agriculture and aquaculture, and eco-friendly oil and hydrocarbon bioremediation and degradation approaches are highlighted. Microbial involvement in different common indoor (e.g., household kitchens, latrines, and hospitals) and outdoor settings including air, soil, and water habitats, and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics, are described. Hopefully, the work presented here will stimulate the need for increasing modern training and funding initiatives to prepare African microbiologists to meet the challenges they face in African universities and research laboratories.
Friendly Biology Student Textbook Christian Worldview Version
Friendly Biology opens the world of biology to high school students in a gentle, non-intimidating manner. Students are led through meaningful, well-written lessons and lab activities with the goal of attaining a greater respect for the beauty and complexity of living things. Topics covered include: Characteristics common to all living things; Basic chemistry as it pertains to living things; The roles of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids in living systems; Cytology; Mitosis and meiosis; Chromosome duplication and protein synthesis; The importance of pH in living systems; Methods of reproduction; Mendelian genetics; Taxonomy; A survey of members of each kingdom of living things with emphasis placed on various classes and orders of importance; An overview of all body systems of humans and Ecology of living things. 28 lessons with lab activities included. Worksheet pages sold separately in Student Workbook. Tests sold separately in Tests and Answer Keys Booklet. Learn more at www.friendlybiology.com.
DNA - The Blueprint For Life
DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule that carries most of the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. DNA is a nucleic acid; alongside proteins and carbohydrates, nucleic acids compose the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Most DNA molecules consist of two biopolymer strands coiled around each other to form a double helix. The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogen-containing nucleobase-either cytosine (C), guanine (G), adenine (A), or thymine (T)-as well as a monosaccharide sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group. According to base pairing rules (A with T, and C with G), hydrogen bonds bind the nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands to make double-stranded DNA. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037, and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon).DNA stores biological information. The DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage, and both strands of the double-stranded structure store the same biological information. Biological information is replicated as the two strands are separated. A significant portion of DNA (more than 98% for humans) is non-coding, meaning that these sections do not serve as patterns for protein sequences.This book discusses the latest information regarding DNA and its composition and study and is designed to be a reference and provide an overview of the topic and give the reader a structured knowledge to familiarize yourself with the topic at the most affordable price possible.The accuracy and knowledge is of an international viewpoint as the edited articles represent the inputs of many knowledgeable individuals and some of the most current knowledge on the topic, based on the date of publication.
Friendly Biology Student Textbook (Secular Edition)
Friendly Biology opens the world of biology to high school students in a gentle, non-intimidating manner. Students are led through meaningful, well-written lessons and lab activities with the goal of attaining a greater respect for the beauty and complexity of living things. Topics covered include: Characteristics common to all living things; Basic chemistry as it pertains to living things; The roles of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids in living systems; Cytology; Mitosis and meiosis; Chromosome duplication and protein synthesis; The importance of pH in living systems; Methods of reproduction; Mendelian genetics; Taxonomy; A survey of members of each kingdom of living things with emphasis placed on various classes and orders of importance; An overview of all body systems of humans and Ecology of living things. 28 lessons with lab activities included. Worksheet pages sold separately in Student Workbook. Tests sold separately in Tests and Answer Keys Booklet. Learn more at www.friendlybiology.com.
Bacterial Lenses
"We are more bacteria than we realize, not just in number of cells, but because of the many ways in which bacteria have shaped our history and evolution."Bacterial Lenses shows how closely related human and bacterial evolution are in a constantly changing world. Medina's goal is to provide the reader with an entertaining and easily accessible guide to understanding the impact of bacteria on our history and everyday lives. In this book, you will discover: How bacteria shaped the behavior of unicellular organisms to evolve into communities that gave rise to multi-cellular life forms.How bacteria have helped the creation of society, moving the first humans from isolated groups to settlements.How bacteria have shaped the evolution of humanity.And more...If you are curious about the world around you, and interested in a book that explores human history from an entirely different point of view, Bacterial Lenses will be a welcome addition to your library.
![IB Environmental Systems and Societies [ESS] Internal Assessment [IA]](https://cdn.kingstone.com.tw/english/images/product/1545/9781999611545.webp "IB Environmental Systems and Societies [ESS] Internal Assessment [IA]")
IB Environmental Systems and Societies [ESS] Internal Assessment [IA]
This book contains seven excellent Internal Assessments (IA) for the IB ESS course. Our goal is to help you understand how success is achieved in the IA so that you can go on to obtain a similar result. Alongside these IAs is a clear and comprehensive guide on how to write yours, including everything from how to choose an interesting topic to how to integrate the IA with your studies and the syllabus. The guide also includes links to various online resources which may help you achieve the maximum mark. Sections include: - Structure: how to plan your ESS IA the ideal way - Ideas: an exhaustive list of excellent sources and websites - Assessment: maximizing your marks with one eye on the grading criterion - Technology: what tools can be used to improve your IAOur guide makes frequent reference to the grading matrix and the format that your IA should follow, as well as highlighting details which you must bear in mind when carrying out your investigation.EIB Education (Elite IB Tutors) are a globally recognized authority in the International Baccalaureate. Having supported thousands of students across 40 countries in the past 7 years, EIB supports students, families and schools through the entire IB journey.
Marine Ecology for the Non-Ecologist
For years the only books available for anyone who has an interest in marine ecology have laid in the realms of the academic texts. Fantastic books indeed, however, there are none that bring the real ecology of the coastal environments to the general public. For the first time, this fascinating topic has been described in a way that anyone who loves the marine coastal environment, can not only understand but really enjoy, in an easy to read, informative text. The book describes and - detailing as ever, in an easy to understand manner, the different habitats found mainly around the coastline of the earth and how as species the animals exploit each individual habitat to form the ecosystems we see today. In this book, we explore and discover what exactly ecology is, the physical aspects and biological processes of ecology. We look at the rocky coast, the sandy shore, the estuaries, the saltmarsh, the mangroves, and the coral reefs. Complete with 29 diagrams and illustrations.This book is the second in the series Marine Life the first being - Marine Biology for the Non-Biologist where we examine the major groups of animals present in the sea, and inhabit the areas described in this volume, the soft-bodied animals the cnidarians (jellyfish anemones, corals etc.), the crustaceans, (shrimps, crabs, lobsters, etc.) the molluscs, (the shellfish and squid etc.), the echinoderms (starfish, urchin etc.) along with coral reef architecture, hydrothermal vent biology, life in the polar sea and marine invertebrate toxins.
Friendly Biology Student Workbook
The Friendly Biology Student Workbook accompanies the Friendly Biology student textbook. This workbook includes worksheet pages which provide practice and mastery of the concepts presented in the student textbook. Additional information can be found at www.friendlybiology.com
Friendly Biology Tests and Solutions Manual
This booklet accompanies the Friendly Biology student textbook. It includes lesson tests for the course, an answer key to those tests and solutions to all worksheets found in the Friendly Biology student workbook. For additional information about Friendly Biology, please visit www.friendlybiology.com.
Ion-Substituted Calcium Phosphates Coatings
Coatings based on hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphates have a significant relevance in several research fields, such as biomaterials, cultural heritage, and water treatment, due to their characteristic properties. Hydroxyapatite can easily accommodate foreign ions, which can either be incorporated into the lattice, thanks to its specific lattice characteristics, or be adsorbed onto its surface. All these substitutions significantly alter the morphology, lattice parameters, and crystallinity of hydroxyapatite so they influence its main properties. These ion substitutions can be sought or can derive from substrate contaminations, which is an important aspect to be evaluated. Finally, this capability can be used to obtain hydroxyapatites with specific properties, such as antibacterial characteristics, among others. For these reasons, the aim of this Special Issue is to document current advances in the field of ion-substituted hydroxyapatites and highlight possible future perspectives regarding their use. Contributions in the form of original articles and review articles are presented, covering different areas of application.
Tracking the Deep Biosphere through Time
Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records of the deep biosphere. Deciphering the fossil record of the deep biosphere is a challenging task but, when successful, will unlock doors to life's cryptic past.
Dead Zones
Dead zones are on the rise... Human activity has caused an increase in uninhabitable, oxygen-poor zones--also known as "dead zones"--in our waters. Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe, and it is a necessity for nearly all life on Earth. Yet many rivers, estuaries, coastal waters, and parts of the open ocean lack enough of it. In this book, David L. Kirchman explains the impacts of dead zones and provides an in-depth history of oxygen loss in water. He details the role the agricultural industry plays in water pollution, showcasing how fertilizers contaminate water supplies and kickstart harmful algal blooms in local lakes, reservoirs, and coastal oceans. Algae decomposition requires so much oxygen that levels drop low enough to kill fish, destroy bottom-dwelling biota, reduce biological diversity, and rearrange food webs. We can't undo the damage completely, but we can work together to reduce the size and intensity of dead zones in places like the Gulf of Mexico, Chesapeake Bay, and the Baltic Sea. Not only does Kirchman clearly outline what dead zones mean for humanity, he also supplies ways we can reduce their deadly impact on human and aquatic life. Nutrient pollution in some regions has already begun to decline because of wastewater treatment, buffer zones, cover crops, and precision agriculture. More needs to be done, though, to reduce the harmful impact of existing dead zones and to stop the thousands of new ones from cropping up in our waters. Kirchman provides insight into the ways changing our diet can reduce nutrient pollution while also lowering greenhouse gasses emitted by the agricultural industry. Individuals can do something positive for their health and the world around them. The resulting book allows readers interested in the environment--whether students, policymakers, ecosystem managers, or science buffs--to dive into these deadly zones and discover how they can help mitigate the harmful effects of oxygen-poor waters today.
Chromosome Manipulation for Plant Breeding Purposes
The ability to exploit the potential of wild relatives carrying beneficial traits is a major goal in breeding programs. However, it relies on the possibility of the chromosomes from the crop and wild species in interspecific crosses to recognize, associate, and undergo crossover formation during meiosis, the cellular process responsible for producing gametes with half the genetic content of their parent cells. Unfortunately, in most cases, a barrier exists preventing successful hybridization between the wild and crop chromosomes. Understanding the mechanisms controlling chromosome associations during meiosis are of great interest in plant breeding and will allow chromosome manipulation to introduce genetic variability from related species into a crop. In addition to interspecific hybrids, other materials, such as natural and synthetic polyploids and introgression lines derived from allopolyploids, among others, are powerful tools in the framework of plant breeding. For example, an extra pair of alien chromosomes in the full genome complement of a crop species has been frequently used as a first step to access genetic variation from the secondary gene pool in breeding programs. In addition, such introgression lines are also pivotal in the study of interspecific genetic interactions, in the chromosomal location of genetic markers, and in the study of chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and meiotic cells. Contained in this Special Issue are accounts of original research, including new tools to identify chromosome introgressions and the development and characterization of introgression lines and interspecific hybrids carrying desirable agronomic traits for plant breeding purposes. Also included are reviews about the chromosome engineering of tropical cash crops and the effect of chromosome structure on chromosome associations and recombination during meiosis to allow chromosome manipulation in the framework of plant breeding.
The Effect of Calorie Restriction and Intermittent Fasting on Health and Disease
Recent biochemical studies indicate that calorie restriction (CR) is a widely accepted method for anti-aging intervention. CR and intermittent fasting (IF), which involves reduced calories but proper nutritional intake during specific periods, are interventions that can consistently promote health benefits, delay biological aging, and extend both average and maximal lifespan. Furthermore, CR can modulate age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and others. Advances in omics technologies have provided a technical breakthrough that enabled the investigation of DNA, RNA, proteins, and other cellular molecules and their comprehensive interactions in a biological context. Nowadays, it is possible to analyze and integrate biological processes that occur in aging systems at the molecular level using state-of-the-art techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics. Omics technology and systems gerontology provide predictive information on CR effects, molecular mechanisms, and pathways underlying the anti-aging actions of CR and IF. This Special Issue, "The effects of calorie restriction and intermittent fasting on health and disease", focuses on the effects of calorie restriction and intermittent fasting on age-related inflammation, autophagy, metabolism, longevity, mitochondrial function, and age-related diseases.
Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plants
This Special Issue is a collection of research articles focused on the production and role of nitric oxide in plants. Nitric oxide is a crucial molecule used in the orchestration of cellular events in animals and plants. With a mixture of primary research papers and review articles written by some of the top researchers in the field, this work encompasses many aspects of this important and growing area of biochemistry.
Cell Biology of Viral Infections
Viruses exhibit an elegant simplicity as they are so basic, but so frightening. Although only a few are life threatening, they have substantial implications for human health and the economy, as exemplified by the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Viruses are rather small infectious agents found in all types of life forms, from animals and plants to prokaryotes and archaebacteria. They are obligate intracellular parasites, and as such, subvert many molecular and cellular processes of the host cell to ensure their own replication, amplification, and subsequent spread. This Special Issue addresses the cell biology of viral infections based on a collection of original research articles, communications, opinions, and reviews on various aspects of virus-host cell interactions. Together, these articles not only provide a glance into the latest research on the cell biology of viral infections but also include novel technological developments.
Genes, Germs and Medicine: Joshua Lederberg, Nobel Laureate
This is the first and only book on one of the most important scientists of the Twentieth Century.It offers a unique perspective on the origins of bacterial genetics and genetic engineering, and ethical issues to arise from bioengineering. Lederberg was the first, and the most important voice in warning of pandemics to come beginning in the late 1960s, and the need to prepare for them. Lederberg not only helped shape the biowarfare treaty of 1972, he also worked to enforce it through international cooperation with scientists.Lederberg was the first to successfully develop artificial intelligence in relation to science and medicine beginning in the early 1960s. He was one of the earliest proponents of the importance of symbiosis and lateral gene transfer in evolution which after five decades has come to the forefront of evolutionary theory today.Lederberg coined the term "microbiome" (as well as exobiology, plasmids, transduction, euphenics, etc.) and developed the concept of individuals as multigenomic superorganisms. The research on microbiomes is one of the most important and fasting growing fields in biomedical research today. Lederberg's development of clonal selection theory is a pillar of immunology.
Chromatin
Chromatin: Structure, Function, and History brings the reader up to date on the remarkable progress made in chromatin research over the course of the past 50 years. Coverage includes the basics of chromatin biology, beginning with the discoveries that culminated in the recognition of the nucleosome as the basic subunit of chromatin. Chromatin folding, nucleosome positioning, and histone variants are discussed, as well as research on chromatin modifications and remodeling, which exploded in the early to mid-1990s and led to widespread interest in epigenetics. Considerable attention is given to methods and experiments that led to key insights, and recent developments such as the use of genome-wide approaches and innovations in imaging approaches are also emphasized. By providing historical background together with detailed discussion of contemporary studies, the book aims to instill in the reader an appreciation not only of our current knowledge of chromatin structure and function, but also of the remarkable path that has taken chromatin to the forefront of modern research.
How to Feel
We are out of touch. Many people fear that we are trapped inside our screens, becoming less in tune with our bodies and losing our connection to the physical world. But the sense of touch has been undervalued since long before the days of digital isolation. Because of deeply rooted beliefs that favor the cerebral over the corporeal, touch is maligned as dirty or sentimental, in contrast with supposedly more elevated modes of perceiving the world. How to Feel explores the scientific, physical, emotional, and cultural aspects of touch, reconnecting us to what is arguably our most important sense. Sushma Subramanian introduces readers to the scientists whose groundbreaking research is underscoring the role of touch in our lives. Through vivid individual stories--a man who lost his sense of touch in his late teens, a woman who experiences touch-emotion synesthesia, her own efforts to become less touch averse--Subramanian explains the science of the somatosensory system and our philosophical beliefs about it. She visits labs that are shaping the textures of objects we use every day, from cereal to synthetic fabrics. The book highlights the growing field of haptics, which is trying to incorporate tactile interactions into devices such as phones that touch us back and prosthetic limbs that can feel. How to Feel offers a new appreciation for a vital but misunderstood sense and how we can use it to live more fully.
Visual Learning: Human Anatomy
Barron's new Visual Learning series breaks down complex science concepts into clear, captivating illustrations for the visual learner! With large, colorful graphics, including maps, diagrams, and labeled illustrations and clear supporting text, Visual Learning: Human Anatomy is an invaluable resource for readers of all ages who want to learn science in an easy and engaging way. Learn key Anatomy topics including: Body systems and tissues overviewCell structure and skinSkeleton and jointsMuscular systemNervous system and sensesCardiovascular systemImmune/lymphatic systemRespiratory systemDigestive systemUrinary systemReproductive systemEndocrine system, and more
Protocols for Cytogenetic Mapping of Arthropod Genomes
Arthropods are important to worldwide agriculture, food safety, human health, and energy production. Besides their practical significance, various species represent excellent model systems for biological investigations of evolution, development, physiology, reproduction, and social interaction. For these reasons, arthropod genomics is receiving increasing attention from researchers around the globe. Protocols for Cytogenetic Mapping of Arthropod Genomes is a collection of up-to-date, detailed protocols for physical chromosome mapping and their applications for studying genome organization and evolution in insects and ticks. This book brings together the expertise of cytogeneticists working on diverse groups of arthropods. Each chapter demonstrates approaches to tissue dissection, chromosome preparation, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and imaging. The book is a timely and complementary effort to the i5K initiative, which will obtain whole-genome sequences for 5,000 insect and related arthropod species. This comprehensive resource provides cytogeneticists with the necessary background and protocols to understand and develop chromosome-based genome assemblies from such whole-genome sequence data.
Anti-fungal activity of traditional spices against dermatophytes and opportunistic fungi. Comparison of combinatorial effects of clove, cinnamon and kacholam
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2020 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, grade: A, Mahatma Gandhi University (St. Thomas College, Palai), language: English, abstract: The present study aims to determine the anti-fungal activity of combined and individual effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and Kacholam (Kaempferia galangal) against Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes by agar well disc diffusion method. Extract from these spices showed remarkable antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum and C. albicans. Clove exhibits significant antifungal activity against all the microorganisms tested. Cinnamon showed good inhibitory effect against T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans whereas kacholam showed an inhibitory effect against T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. Thus, the study concluded that individual effect of spices is better than the combinatorial effect against all the fungus tested. Spices have been used as food and flavouring agent since the ancient times, and as a medicine in the recent decades. Now it is widely used across the globe as they possess great potential in the treatment of various diseases. It can serve as a better alternative to the modern synthetic drugs due to its lack of side effects and possible role in a wide range of therapeutic application.
Ongoing Research on Microgreens
Microgreens garner immense potential for improving the nutrition of the human diet, considering their high content of healthy compounds. On the other hand, they are becoming known not only for their nutritional value but also for their interesting organoleptic traits and commercial potential. In this Special Issue we aim to publish high-quality research papers covering the state-of-the-art, recent progress and perspectives related to production, post-harvest, characterization, and the potential of microgreens. A broad range of aspects such as cultivation, post-harvest techniques and packaging, analytical methods, nutritional value, bioaccessibility and prospects are covered. All contributions are of great significance and could stimulate further research in this area.
Juvenile Onset Huntington’s Disease
The Special Issue "Juvenile Onset Huntington's Disease" highlights the growing interest in understanding the unique aspects of this ultra-rare disorder. After decades of research, gene therapy trials are underway for Adult Onset Huntington's Disease (AOHD). However, patients with Juvenile Onset Huntington's Disease (JOHD) are often excluded from these efforts, leaving many questions regarding its phenomenology. The current issue includes seven articles spanning work on the difficult emotional experiences of parents of children with JOHD; a review of the clinical manifestations of JOHD; behavioral issues in JOHD; CAG repeat and age of motor onset; autonomic nervous system dysfunction; and abnormality in MRI metabolic markers. Finally, a review of the therapeutic advances is included, highlighting future possibilities of clinical trials in JOHD subjects. The HD community-patients, family members at-risk for HD, caregivers, health-care professionals and scientists-is keen on expanding our understanding of JOHD. In the flurry of research on AOHD, those with JOHD were seemingly 'left behind.' The study of patients who are afflicted early in life with HD has become imperative, with this Special Issue representing just the beginning of the required effort to address this urgent need.
New Frontiers in Acrylamide Study in Foods
The European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) has identified acrylamide as a public health concern due to its relation with the appearance of different types of cancer, and continued efforts are required to reduce exposure to acrylamide (EFSA, 2015). During the last few years, EFSA has maintained a high level of supervision to monitor the acrylamide levels in processed products, urging companies to implement effective mitigation strategies for reducing formation of this contaminant. Recently, the European Commission has published a regulation that sets mitigation measures for the reduction of this compound in foods, identifying new benchmark levels for a number of food categories (European Commission, 2017). The Regulation 2158/2017 compels food processors and food business operators in Europe to reduce the presence of acrylamide in their products, applying measures proportionate to the size and nature of the establishments. With the goal of providing information that contributes to our understanding for this process contaminant and exposure through dietary routes, this Special Issue explores the recent advances on the study of acrylamide in foods, including novel insights into the chemistry of its formation and elimination, effective mitigation strategies, conventional and innovative monitoring techniques, risk/benefit approaches, and exposure assessment.
