Death and Resurrection
Much has been said, either affirming or discounting the existence of God in front of nature's principles and foundation. This book is meant to address a much more limited but uncomfortable question, the conundrum raised by the historical claims of the Christian faith facing the unescapable tenets of Biology and Medicine. As such the book is an experiment in progress, with an open end for others to continue.
The Applications of Plasma Techniques II
The collection of articles discussed above covers various types of discharges and various processes. The discharges presented include, for example, microwave, spark, glow or surface discharges. The characterizations of the sources of these discharges, the parameters of the generated plasmas as well as the applications of these plasmas are discussed. The applications include, for example, the synthesis of nanoparticles or the treatment of skin cancer cells. I hope that the presented articles will be valuable for readers representing the world of science, medicine and technology.
The Role of Fibrinolytic System in Health and Disease
This is a review of the topic of fibrinolysis contributed by authors who are specialized in the clinical and basic studies of this topic. These include: the endothelial receptor of tissue plasminogen activator, by Dr. Katherine Hajjar; regulation of S100 by pml-rar-alpha oncoprotein, by Dr. O'Connell; receptor of urokinase type plasminogen activator, by Dr. M. Ploug et al.; tissue plasminogen activator induction in purjinjen neuron, by Dr. Seeds; fibrinolysis from the blood to the brain, by Dr. Robert Metcalf; tissue plasminogen activator induces the opening of the blood-brain barrier, by Dr. M. Yepes; fibrinolysis shutdown in trauma: a historical review and clinical application, by Drs. Hunter Moore and Ernest Moore; fibrinolysis in immunity, by Drs. K. Kolev and Robert Medcalf; the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, by Drs. M. Erin, A.E. Boe, and E.A. Klyachko; and finally, persistent fibrinolysis shutdown is associated with increased mortality in severely injured trauma patients, by J.P. Meizoso.
Innovation Meets Tradition in the Sheep and Goat Dairy Industry
The domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) are small ruminant species widely distributed throughout the world. They were among the first animals to be domesticated. Owing to their small stature and versatility, sheep and goats still are one of the most important food source in many arid regions. Traditionally, autochthonous breeds with a strong milk production seasonality were reared in extensive production systems, on a smallholder farming basis. The huge number and variety of their dairy products reflect the different cultures and traditions of vast areas of the world. However, today the traditional ovine and caprine dairy production chain, from farmers to exporters, is facing the challenges of innovation, sustainability, safety, and productivity, while at the same time protecting each product's individual characteristics. This Special Issue is dedicated to the field of ovine and caprine dairy production with ground-breaking perspectives and approaches, from physical-chemistry studies on milk and dairy, to new feeding strategies, herd management, nutritional quality, animal welfare, sustainability, and omics studies.
Whole-Body Regeneration
This Open Access volume provides a comprehensive overview of the latest tools available to scientists to study the many facets of whole-body regeneration (WBR). The chapters in this book are organized into six parts. Part One provides a historical overview on the study of the WBR phenomena focusing on the primary challenges of this research. Parts Two and Three explore a series of non-vertebrate zoological contexts that provide experimental models for WBR, showing how they can be approached with cellular tools. Parts Four, Five, and Six discuss the future advancements of WBR, reporting about the cutting-edge techniques in genetics and omics used to dissect the underlying mechanisms of WBR, and systems biology approaches to reach a synthetic view of WBR. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and thorough, Whole-Body Regeneration: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for scientists and researchers who want to learn more about this important and developing field.
Epidemiologic Methods
Epidemiologic Methods: The Essentials is a concise, but thorough volume that provides a solid grounding in core methodologic issues. The book takes a streamlined approach on cohort studies, case-control studies, prevalence studies, randomized trials, demographic studies of morbidity and mortality, ecologic studies, screening, effect modification, bias and confounding. Organized according to study design, with each chapter building on those preceding it, the book provides detailed examples throughout, using data tables and graphs to reinforce methodologic points.
Being a Human
NAMED A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR BY THE ATLANTIC, KIRKUS REVIEWS, AND NEW STATESMAN A radically immersive exploration of three pivotal moments in the evolution of human consciousness, asking what kinds of creatures humans were, are, and might yet be How did humans come to be who we are? In his marvelous, eccentric, and widely lauded book Being a Beast, legal scholar, veterinary surgeon, and naturalist extraordinaire Charles Foster set out to understand the consciousness of animal species by living as a badger, otter, fox, deer, and swift. Now, he inhabits three crucial periods of human development to understand the consciousness of perhaps the strangest animal of all--the human being. To experience the Upper Paleolithic era--a turning point when humans became behaviorally modern, painting caves and telling stories, Foster learns what it feels like to be a Cro-Magnon hunter-gatherer by living in makeshift shelters without amenities in the rural woods of England. He tests his five impoverished senses to forage for berries and roadkill and he undertakes shamanic journeys to explore the connection of wakeful dreaming to religion. For the Neolithic period, when humans stayed in one place and domesticated plants and animals, forever altering our connection to the natural world, he moves to a reconstructed Neolithic settlement. Finally, to explore the Enlightenment--the age of reason and the end of the soul--Foster inspects Oxford colleges, dissecting rooms, cafes, and art galleries. He finds his world and himself bizarre and disembodied, and he rues the atrophy of our senses, the cause for much of what ails us. Drawing on psychology, neuroscience, natural history, agriculture, medical law and ethics, Being a Human is one man's audacious attempt to feel a connection with 45,000 years of human history. This glorious, fiercely imaginative journey from our origins to a possible future ultimately shows how we might best live on earth--and thrive.
Research in Metabolomics via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Metabolomics entails the comprehensive characterization of the ensemble of endogenous and exogenous metabolites present in a biological specimen. Metabolites represent, at the same time, the downstream output of the genome and the upstream input from various external factors, such as the environment, lifestyle, and diet. Therefore, in the last few years, metabolomic phenotyping has provided unique insights into the fundamental and molecular causes of several physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In parallel, metabolomics has been demonstrating an emerging role in monitoring the influence of different manufacturing procedures on food quality and food safety.In light of the above, this collection includes the latest research from various fields of NMR-based metabolomics applications ranging from biomedicine to data mining and food chemistry.
The Biology of Race, Revised Edition
James J. C. K.'s The Biology of Race offers a comprehensive and scientifically grounded exploration of human diversity, providing critical insights into the intricate relationships between genetic inheritance, individual variation, and cultural influences. This revised edition builds on the success of the original work, incorporating advancements in molecular biology and evolving perspectives on intelligence and heritability since the book's initial publication. Through its detailed examination of biological and environmental interactions, this volume aims to guide readers in understanding the concept of race from a scientific lens, unearthing both the biological foundations and the sociocultural complexities intertwined with this sensitive topic. Designed for readers across disciplines--including biology, genetics, anthropology, sociology, and psychology--the book begins with a dispassionate discussion of group differences in the animal world before extending these principles to the human species. The text moves through the scientific framework of species, subspecies, and genetic units, blending it with an analysis of cultural and emotional factors that challenge the objective study of human variation. With its accessible language, glossary of terms, and multi-disciplinary approach, The Biology of Race serves as an invaluable resource for students, scholars, and thoughtful lay readers seeking clarity amid contemporary debates on race, equality, and diversity. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
The Biology of Race, Revised Edition
James J. C. K.'s The Biology of Race offers a comprehensive and scientifically grounded exploration of human diversity, providing critical insights into the intricate relationships between genetic inheritance, individual variation, and cultural influences. This revised edition builds on the success of the original work, incorporating advancements in molecular biology and evolving perspectives on intelligence and heritability since the book's initial publication. Through its detailed examination of biological and environmental interactions, this volume aims to guide readers in understanding the concept of race from a scientific lens, unearthing both the biological foundations and the sociocultural complexities intertwined with this sensitive topic. Designed for readers across disciplines--including biology, genetics, anthropology, sociology, and psychology--the book begins with a dispassionate discussion of group differences in the animal world before extending these principles to the human species. The text moves through the scientific framework of species, subspecies, and genetic units, blending it with an analysis of cultural and emotional factors that challenge the objective study of human variation. With its accessible language, glossary of terms, and multi-disciplinary approach, The Biology of Race serves as an invaluable resource for students, scholars, and thoughtful lay readers seeking clarity amid contemporary debates on race, equality, and diversity. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Challenges and New Strategies on Rabbit Breeding
Rabbit livestock is especially important in the Mediterranean area and in the semi-arid zones of Africa, Asia, and America, representing a valuable alternative source of good animal protein of high quality (low fat and low cholesterol). However, rabbit husbandry should adapt to be a competitive and sustainable sector. In addition, it must maintain a balance between rabbit welfare, customer demands, and breeder requirements. Then, improvement in breeding systems is needed and may involve avoiding hormones and antibiotics in rabbit management; enhancing the efficiency of reproductive procedures such as artificial insemination systems and freezing of semen and embryos; extending the productive lifespan of does; improving genetic selection systems; and adjusting nutritional systems to optimize the physiological status of animals and the immune response. This Special Issue concerns all these challenges in increasing rabbit productivity and sustainability.
Recent Advances in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
Over the decades, small-angle neutron scattering has became a definitive method for structural investigation on the mesoscale between a few Angstrom up to a few 100 nm. This makes it an indispensable tool for non-destructive material investigations in fields ranging from chemistry and biology, over material sciences to solid state physics, especially taking into account the fundamental nature of neutrons, which makes it possible to probe different isotopes and, therefore, enhance contrast by choosing an appropriate isotope distribution or to probe the spin state of the investigated materials.This Special Issue is dedicated to elucidate the advances made with SANS over the last few years, which includes new instrumentation, sample environment and experimental control, as well as novel approaches and experimental techniques.The ideas and approaches collected here will serve both the experienced experimenter as well as the novice to appraise whether their specific experimental setup is feasible with new ideas.
What about Evolution?
It can be a shock in our culture for a Christian to encounter evolutionary biology and conversely for a Darwinian to encounter biblical Christianity. Can a devout Christian with a high view of scripture accept scientific views of evolution? Some proponents of biblical Christianity or Darwinian evolution are quick to claim their incompatibility. However, as strong believers in both Christ and the sciences, we find more harmony than friction between them. If you or someone you care about sees a tension between evolution and Christian faith, we want to help you understand their interaction. This book, written by a biologist, a pastor/biblical scholar, and a theologian, addresses questions from the gifts of each of their disciplines. We acknowledge the insights and authority of the Bible, explain the science of evolution, explore their mutual relevance, and argue that holding the two together deepens our understanding of the world and its creator.
Doubled Haploid Technology
This title offers 62 chapters divided among three volumes covering the latest topics dealing with Doubled Haploid (DH) technology, as well as methods to produce DHs in different species through different in vivo and in vitro approaches. Volume 1 explores general topics and transversal methods in DH technology; DH production in two alliaceae, onion, and leek; and DH production in cereals such as barley, durum, bread, oat, and japonica rice. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, application details for both the expert and non-expert reader, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Doubled Haploid Technology, Volume 1: General Topics, Alliaceae, Cereals is a valuable resource for scientists and researchers looking to learn more about this interesting and developing field.
Microbial Life History
A powerful framework for understanding how natural selection shapes adaptation and biological design Design and diversity are the two great challenges in the study of life. Microbial Life History draws on the latest advances in microbiology to describe the fundamental forces of biological design and apply these evolutionary processes to a broad diversity of traits in microbial metabolism and biochemistry. Emphasizing how to formulate and test hypotheses of adaptation, Steven Frank provides a new foundation for exploring the evolutionary forces of design. He discusses the economic principles of marginal valuations, trade-offs, and payoffs in risky and random environments; the social aspects of conflict and cooperation; the demographic aspects of age and spatial heterogeneity; and the engineering control theory principles by which systems adjust to environments. Frank then applies these evolutionary principles to the biochemistry of microbial metabolism, providing the first comprehensive link between the forces that shape biological design and cellular energetics. Tracing how natural selection sculpts metabolism, Microbial Life History provides new perspectives on the life histories of organisms, from growth rate and survival to dispersal and defense against attack. Along the way, this incisive book addresses the conceptual and philosophical challenges confronting evolutionary biologists and other practitioners who study biological design and seek to apply its lessons.
Oxidative Stress and Exercise
Although regular moderate-intensity exercise can activate important cell adaptive properties, sporadic and strenuous bouts of exercise may induce oxidative stress due to an augmented production of reactive metabolites of oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen free radical species (RNS). Exercise-induced free radical formation may impair cell function by oxidatively modifying nucleic acids, where DNA damage and insufficient repair may lead to genomic instability. Likewise, lipid and protein damage are significant cellular events that can elicit potentially toxic perturbations in cellular homeostasis. This book focuses on aspects of exercise-induced oxidative stress while taking into consideration the basic mechanisms, consequences and function of ROS production, and whether antioxidants may either support or hinder these responses.
Candida albicans A Major Fungal Pathogen of Humans
This book explores the biology of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, its interaction with the human host, and current research that seeks to identify new ways to combat the health risks posed by C. albicans infection.
Recovery, Isolation and Characterization on Food Proteins
Proteins play an important role in human nutrition. At present, most of our protein requirement is covered by animal proteins. However, the production of animal proteins is associated with a high consumption of resources and land/sea, which contributes considerably to greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, interest in the recovery of alternative proteins for food applications is greater than ever. Alternative proteins can be produced by plants, algae, fungi, and insects. So far, plant proteins such as wheat or soy protein preparations still dominate the market for alternative protein products, but more and more new proteins are entering the market.The quality of the proteins-particularly their functional, nutritional, and sensory properties-is influenced by the raw materials from which they are obtained and the extraction and isolation processes used. According to their functional properties (e.g., protein solubility, gelling, or emulsification properties), alternative protein preparations can be applied as substitutes for animal proteins or for the protein enrichment of food. The use of proteins in foods that are attractive to consumers is a challenge, especially if these proteins are to replace meat, milk, or egg products, since they need to mimic their texture, sensory properties, color, and taste. In addition to dealing with various technological challenges, the development of tailormade food products also requires knowledge of the driving forces and barriers between different consumer groups when using these products.
Novel Processing Technology of Dairy Products
The conversion of milk to different dairy products is a technological process that has been in use for hundreds of years. Most dairy products are produced at a commercial scale using traditional methods and therefore, many efforts have been made to introduce novel technologies in their manufacture for improving their quality in general. More specifically, modern processing approaches may be used with the aim to develop new dairy products, to extend their shelf life, to change their textural properties, to ensure their safety or to increase their nutritional and health value.
Water-Soluble and Insoluble Polymers and Biopolymers for Biomedical, Environmental, and Biological Applications
The use of polymers in biological applications is defined by the interactions promoted between living organisms and polymeric chains, which are generally associated with the polymers' hydrophilic and hydrophobic behaviors. However, these water-friendly structures are also very useful for other applications, such as the adsorption of pollutants from sewage water. The modulation of the final properties of water-soluble and insoluble polymers tends to define the spectra of features associated with their final applications.
What We Are: The Evolutionary Roots of Our Future
Other animals are driven to spend essentially their whole lives just trying to get fed, stay alive, and get laid. That's about it. The same was true for our proto-human ancestors. And modern humans of course also require a Survival Drive and a Sex Drive in order to leave descendants. But today we spend most of our lives mainly just trying to convince ourselves that our existence is not absurd. In What We Are, Queen's University biologist, Lonnie Aarssen, traces how our biocultural evolution has shaped Homo sapiens into the only creature that refuses to be what it is - the only creature preoccupied with a deeply ingrained, and absurd sentiment: I have a distinct 'mental life'-an 'inner self'-that exists separately and apart from 'material life', and so, unlike the latter, need not come to an end. This delusion conceivably gave our distant ancestors some wishful thinking for finding some measure of relief from the terrifying, uniquely human knowledge of the eventual loss of corporeal survival. But this came with an impulsive, nagging doubt - an obsessive underlying uncertainty: 'self-impermanence anxiety'. Biocultural evolution, however, was not finished. It also gave us two additional, uniquely human, primal drives, both serving to help quell the burden of this anxiety. Legacy Drive generates delusional cultural domains for 'extension' of self; and Leisure Drive generates pleasurable cultural domains for distraction - 'escape' - from self. Legacy Drive and Leisure Drive, Aarssen argues, represent two of the most profound consequences of human cognitive and cultural evolution. What We Are advances propositions regarding how a visceral susceptibility to self-impermanence anxiety has - paradoxically - played a pivotal role in rewarding the reproductive success of our ancestors, and has thus been a driving force in shaping fundamental motivations and cultural norms of modern humans. More than any other milestone in the evolution of human minds, self-impermanence anxiety, and its mitigating Drives for Legacy and Leisure, account for not just the advance of civilization over the past many thousands of years, but also now, its impending collapse. Effective management of this crisis, Aarssen insists, will require a deeper and more broadly public understanding of its Darwinian evolutionary roots - as laid out in What We Are.
Modeling Transcriptional Regulation
This book provides methods and techniques used in construction of global transcriptional regulatory networks in diverse systems, various layers of gene regulation and mathematical as well as computational modeling of transcriptional gene regulation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Modeling Transcriptional Regulation: Methods and Protocols aims to provide an in depth understanding of new techniques in transcriptional gene regulation for specialized audience.
Ontogenetic Development of Pompano Trachinotus Ovatus
This book highlights the ontogenetic development of larval T. ovatus, provides a comprehensive overview of larval rearing of this species. It focuses on the physiological and molecular changes during the early ontogeny of T. ovatus and hatchery and nursery practices. The first seven chapters update the recent development in the hatchery technology in T. ovatus, including feed and feeding, environmental manipulation, hatchery management, and fingerlings in transportation. Chapter eight and onwards decode the possible molecular mechanisms underlying fish development and response to environmental changes and discuss the transcription and expressions of growth and development-related genes in T. ovatus. The last chapters discuss the functional feed additives to the diet and antibiotic usage of T. ovatus juveniles. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners and students in the aquaculture industry and related fields.
Summary
The must-read summary of Gina Smith's book: "The Genomics Age: How DNA Technology Is Transforming the Way We Live and Who We Are". This complete summary of the ideas from Gina Smith's book "The Genomics Age" shows how genetic testing is currently being used in many ways in the medical sector; however, it is experiencing challenges with costs, ethics and patient rights. In this book, the author explains the progress in genomics and what we can expect for the future. This summary provides readers with an insight into the uses and development of genomic discovery and how this will affect all of us in the years to come. Added-value of this summary: - Save time- Understand key concepts- Expand your knowledge To learn more, read "The Genomics Age" and discover the future of genomics in medicine, criminology, academic research and the economy.
Bioluminescent Marine Plankton
Bioluminescence, the "cold living light" or the "cold fire of the sea," is extremely common in all oceans at all depths. However, this phenomenon is nearly absent in freshwater, with the exception of a freshwater limpet. More than 75% of deep-sea creatures have been reported to produce their own light. The luminescent marine plankton such as dinoflagellate, radiolarians, jellyfish, comb jellies, annelids, copepods, ostracods, mysids, amphipods, euphausiids, and tunicates form an important component in the marine food chain. Research on luminescent marine plankton is gaining momentum owing to its importance in life science research and medicine. The glowing Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) extracted from the North Pacific jellyfish, Aqueorea victoria (for which the Japanese biologist, Osamu Shimonmura won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008) has helped shed light on key processes such as the spread of cancer, the development of brain cells, the growth of bacteria, damage to cells by Alzheimer's disease, and the development of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Therefore, it is difficult to underscore the importance of bioluminescence and the organisms associated with this phenomenon. Bioluminescent Marine Plankton is a unique reference that attempts to provide answers to questions about bioluminescence. The first of its kind, this book attempts to answer questions on the subject with a focus on planktonic organisms. 12 chapters provide information about the chemistry of bioluminescence, types of bioluminescent displays, distribution of bioluminescence among marine plankton, ecological functions and utility of planktonic bioluminescence. Chapters are dedicated to the biology and ecology of specific groups of plankton that span about 200 luminescent marine species. The detailed book is an essential compendium on marine plankton for a broad range of readers who want to learn about bioluminescent plankton. A list of detailed references is also provided for the benefit of teachers, students, researchers and enthusiasts interested in marine biology, aquaculture, and environmental sciences.
Conservation Genetics for Management of Threatened Plant and Animal Species
This book focuses on conservation genetic (and genomic) papers that demonstrate applied outcomes that inform practical threatened species management. We cover a broad range of species and genetic approaches, but focus on how conservation genetic information is used to underpin management actions for species recovery. Through the exposition of a diversity of approaches, we aim to demonstrate to conservation managers and researchers how conservation genetics can inform on-ground species management.
Advances on Applications of Bioactive Natural Compounds
Natural compounds, from terrestrial and marine sources, are the result of an evolutionary process which originated in compounds with great structural diversity, multiple biological activities and miscellaneous applications. A large and very active research field is dedicated to identifying biosynthesized compounds; to improve/develop new methodologies to produce/reuse natural compounds; to assess their potential; and to understand their mechanism of action.This Special Issue brings together excellent original and review works, focused on the most recent advances related to the secondary metabolites' composition of natural sources, and the proposal of new applications for their constituents, such as therapeutic agents, and pesticides or food ingredients.
Assessing the Effects of Multiple Stressors on Aquatic Systems across Temporal and Spatial Scales
This book is focused on the interplay of multiple stressors in aquatic systems and its consequences for management across spatial and temporal scales. It is organized into six case studies from four continents (Europe, Oceania, Africa, and North America), each based on several different data sources (field and experimental data, historical data, literature reviews, inquiries, and expert knowledge). The case studies address the joint effects of a variety of stressors (physical and chemical barriers, hydromorphology, temperature, drought, and water quality) on a diversity of biological response indicators (fish, macroinvertebrates, and phytoplankton) and discuss the main implications for managing aquatic ecosystems more effectively.
Urban Forests and Landscape Ecology
Urbanization is a dominant driver of landscape transformation across the world, with cities representing centers of economic and socio-cultural development. Today, more than 4.2 billion people live in urban areas, which represent 3% of the Earth's land area. By 2050, it is predicted this number will increase to 6.6 billion people ( 70% of the predicted global population). As the human population grows, cities around the globe will continue to expand, increasing the demand for food and services.Within cities, urban forests provide multiple nature-based solutions, as well as other environmental services and socio-economic benefits, such as heat mitigation and social integration. Urban forests are also important for coping with psychological stress during events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, urban forests are a priority for basic and applied forest research because they are intimately connected with people's physical, cultural, and economic well-being in the urban environment, and can also be important reservoirs of biodiversity.To promote a better understanding of urban forests and landscape ecology, this book in "Urban Forests and Landscape Ecology" compiled research set in urban forests and focused on some spatially explicit processes. Studies presented in this book are highly interdisciplinary and use a wide range of research approaches. This book present nine scientific publications from global urban forests demonstrating that these forests, as a nature-based solution, provide multiple environmental services and are crucial to improve urban livability and thereby the wellbeing of city dwellers.
Omics Technologies in Food Science
Food science has greatly developed over the last few years. This has led to increased attention towards the origin and quality of raw materials, as well as their derived food products. The continuous advance in molecular biology has allowed the implementation of efficient and universal omics tools to unequivocally identify the origin of food items and their traceability. This Book presents research papers in the fields of omics and multi-omics for food science applications. This Book approaches aspects such as food safety and food quality, as well as new technologies including metabolomics, metagenomics, nutrigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. Obtaining and discussing new information is an important step toward continuous research in the area of food science.
Paradox Role of Oxidative Stress in Cancer
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by healthy cells and are maintained at physiological levels by antioxidant systems. However, when ROS increase in number, a condition of oxidative stress occurs, leading to many human diseases, including cancer. The relationship between oxidative stress and cancer is complex since ROS play a double-edged role in cancer development and under therapy response.This paradox represents a great challenge for researchers and needs to be investigated. The articles collected in this Special Issue can help to clarify the role of ROS modulation in cancer prevention and treatment, and to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying its paradoxical role in order to counteract carcinogenesis or enhance sensitivity to anticancer therapy.
Bayesian Phylogenetics
Suitable for graduate-level researchers in statistics and biology, this book presents a snapshot of current trends in Bayesian phylogenetic research. It emphasizes model selection, reflecting recent interest in accurately estimating marginal likelihoods. The book discusses new approaches to improve mixing in Bayesian phylogenetic analyses in whi
Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests
This book, "Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests", covers a broad range of relevant and interesting topics related to deep geological disposal of nuclear fuels and radioactive waste. Most countries that generate nuclear power have developed radioactive waste management programmes during the last 50 years to emplace long-lived and/or high-level radioactive wastes in a deep underground repository in a suitably chosen host rock formation. The aim is to remove these wastes from the human environment. If a site is properly chosen, a repository system comprising both natural and engineered barriers would provide a high level of protection from the toxic effects of the waste.The 17 papers published in this Special Issue show that bentonites and clayrocks are an essential component of the multi-barrier system ensuring the long-term safety of the final disposal of nuclear waste. The efficiency of such engineered and natural clay barriers relies on their physical and chemical confinement properties, which should be preserved in the long-term.
Foodborne Pathogens and Food Safety
Foodborne pathogens represent a major burden on society as they are the cause of high numbers of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths each year. In addition to their detrimental impact on human health, these microorganisms, which include pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and a range of parasites, also represent a significant economic cost to food companies in the implementation and constant oversight of food hygiene and safety programs, product recalls, and potential litigation if outbreaks occur. Advancing our current knowledge of the food processing chain and its vulnerabilities to the many factors related to foodborne pathogens (e.g., their stress response, survival and persistence in processing environments, acquisition of virulence factors and antimicrobial drug resistance) is paramount to the development of effective strategies for early detection and control of pathogens, thereby improving food safety.This Special Issue compiled original research articles contributing to a better understanding of the impact of all aspects of foodborne pathogens on food safety.
Freedom in Science and Teaching. from the German of Ernst Haeckel
This book "" Freedom in Science and Teaching. from the German of Ernst Haeckel "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Polypeptide Materials
This book details the synthesis and assembly of polypeptide materials across length scales, i.e. proteins and peptides, their precursors, conjugates, and derivatives. A particular emphasis is made on measurement tools and procedures for material characterization, both physicochemical and functional. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Polypeptide Materials: Methods and Protocols serves to reflect the inter-disciplinary nature of molecular biology as well as the importance of developing innovative measurement methods to advance this vital area of research.
Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering
This volume details protocols encompassing different aspects of computer aided design and manufacturing of 3D scaffolds and biofabricated constructs for tissue engineering applications. Chapters are divided into four parts covering optimization of scaffold architectures for computer aided tissue engineering, synthetic routes to biomaterials compatible, technological platforms and manufacturing processes, and relevant applicative scenarios. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering: Methods and Protocols aims to be useful for new and experienced laboratory researchers working on different aspects of corneal regeneration.
Periodontal Pathogens
Part I: Methods for Bacterial Genetic Manipulation 1. Site-Directed and Random Mutagenesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis: Construction of Fimbriae-Related-Gene Mutant So-ichiro Nishiyama, Yoshiaki Hasegawa, and Keiji Nagano 2. Genetic Manipulations of Oral Spirochete Treponema denticola Kurni Kurniyati and Chunhao Li 3. Construction of a Gene-Deletion Mutant in Tannerella forsythia Keiji Nagano and Yoshiaki Hasegawa 4. Construction of a Mutant in Prevotella melaninogenica Using the Conjugation Transfer Method with Escherichia coli Yoshio Kondo 5. Genetic Transformation of Fusobacterium nucleatum Akihiro Yoshida and Akihiko Ikegami Part II: Experimental Methods to Examine Virulence Factors 6. Genotyping of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Relationship to Virulence Atsuo Amano, Youn-Hee Choi, and Hiroki Takeuchi 7. Transport and Polymerization of Porphyromonas gingivalis Type V Pili Mikio Shoji, Satoshi Shibata, Mariko Naito, and Koji Nakayama 8. Purification of Native Mfa1 Fimbriae from Porphyromonas gingivalis Yoshiaki Hasegawa, Keiji Nagano, Yukitaka Murakami, and Richard J. Lamont 9. Crystallization of Recombinant Fimbrial Proteins of Porphyromonas gingivalis Thomas Heidler and Karina Persson 10. Enzymatic Characteristics and Activities of Gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis Tomoko Kadowaki 11. Structural Characterization of the Type IX Secretion System in Porphyromonas gingivalis Dhana G. Gorasia, Eric Hanssen, Paul D. Veith, and Eric C. Reynolds 12. Methods for Functional Characterization of the Type IX Secretion System of Porphyromonas gingivalis Keiko Sato 13. Purification of Tannerella forsythia Surface (S-) Layer Proteins Sreedevi Chinthamani, Prasad R. Settem, Kiyonobu Honma, Takuma Nakajima, and Ashu Sharma 14. Separation of Glycosylated OmpA-Like Proteins from Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia Yukitaka Murakami, Keiji Nagano, and Yoshiaki Hasegawa 15. Intranasal Vaccine Study Using Porphyromonas gingivalis Membrane Vesicles: Isolation Method and Application to a Mouse Model Satoru Hirayama and Ryoma Nakao 16. Analysis of the Butyrate-Producing Pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis  ...
Wound Regeneration
This detailed book explores a diverse range of topics related to wound healing. Some areas include wound generation as a tool to study cellular interactions and growth, mechanisms by which different tissues regenerate, ischemic wounds and their treatment, repairing corneal wound, as well as a number of emerging technologies to help promote wound regeneration, such as techniques with miRNA, nanomaterials, biomaterials, and stem cell therapies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters feature introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Wound Regeneration: Methods and Protocols serves as a vital collection of wound model development and regeneration studies that will be of great use in both the academic and industrial fields ofresearch.
Listeria Monocytogenes
This updated book explores a wide repertoire of tools and approaches that have been created, modified, and applied to the study of L. monocytogenes, forming the basis of our understanding of the bacterium today. Many of these key experimental techniques are gathered together herein. The volume presents aspects such as clinical disease and host-pathogen interactions, as well as the study of biofilms which present a significant challenge for control of the organism in the food processing environment. The topics covered in this edition also include sampling in order to isolate Listeria, methods for their identification and characterization, methods for gene manipulation, and methods for control of the organism. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and up-to-date, Listeria monocytogenes: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to contribute toward the harmonization of methods used to study this important bacterium, and to be of particular interest to Listeria research both in relation to food association and control as well as clinical microbiology.
Lipid Rafts
This volume gives a comprehensive insight into established and novel methods to analyze the structure and function of lipid rafts. This book covers topics such as isolation of lipid rafts and their functional analysis using biochemical methods; visualization of lipid rafts and their interaction with proteins using fluorescence-related methods; preparation of giant lipid vesicles and fluorescence spectroscopy; FRET and FRAP; and using photo-activated cross-linking of a ceramide analog combined with proximity ligation assay. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Thorough and cutting-edge, Lipid Rafts: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for both novice and expert researchers interested in learning moreabout the function of lipid rafts in many areas of cell biology and medicine.
The Epithelial-to Mesenchymal Transition
This volume details a comprehensive range of methods for imaging epithelial-to-mesechymal transition (EMT)/MET in in vivo systems, and methods to leverage these systems to dissect the underlying mechanisms. Chapters guide readers through studying different features of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, past and future research of the EMT, in vivo systems, and in vivo imaging. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, The Epithelial-to Mesenchymal Transition: Methods and Protocols aims to provide methods in EMT will help to unite and drive research in this exciting field forwards.
Period
A bold and revolutionary perspective on the science and cultural history of menstruation Menstruation is something half the world does for a week at a time, for months and years on end, yet it remains largely misunderstood. Scientists once thought of an individual's period as useless, and some doctors still believe it's unsafe for a menstruating person to swim in the ocean wearing a tampon. Period counters the false theories that have long defined the study of the uterus, exposing the eugenic history of gynecology while providing an intersectional feminist perspective on menstruation science. Blending interviews and personal experience with engaging stories from her own pioneering research, Kate Clancy challenges a host of myths and false assumptions. There is no such a thing as a "normal" menstrual cycle. In fact, menstrual cycles are incredibly variable and highly responsive to environmental and psychological stressors. Clancy takes up a host of timely issues surrounding menstruation, from bodily autonomy, menstrual hygiene, and the COVID-19 vaccine to the ways racism, sexism, and medical betrayal warp public perceptions of menstruation and erase it from public life. Offering a revelatory new perspective on one of the most captivating biological processes in the human body, Period will change the way you think about the past, present, and future of periods.
Refining Phylogenetic Analyses
This volume discusses the aspects of a phylogenetic analysis that go beyond basic calculation of most parsimonious trees. Practical application of all principles discussed is illustrated by reference to TNT, a freely available software package that can perform all the steps needed in a phylogenetic analysis.
What about Evolution?
It can be a shock in our culture for a Christian to encounter evolutionary biology and conversely for a Darwinian to encounter biblical Christianity. Can a devout Christian with a high view of scripture accept scientific views of evolution? Some proponents of biblical Christianity or Darwinian evolution are quick to claim their incompatibility. However, as strong believers in both Christ and the sciences, we find more harmony than friction between them. If you or someone you care about sees a tension between evolution and Christian faith, we want to help you understand their interaction. This book, written by a biologist, a pastor/biblical scholar, and a theologian, addresses questions from the gifts of each of their disciplines. We acknowledge the insights and authority of the Bible, explain the science of evolution, explore their mutual relevance, and argue that holding the two together deepens our understanding of the world and its creator.
Mitochondrial Eve and Y-Chromosomal Adam
Mitochondrial Eve and Y-Chromosomal Adam discusses theoretical ideas, interpretations, and paleontological evidence to narrate the origin and evolutionary story of Sapiens through the transitional stages of archaic human species involved in the evolutionary pilgrimage, from the great apes and to modern humans. Author Subir Ranjan Kundu investigates the DNA footprints of primates - great apes, archaic humans, and anatomically modern human beings - to stretch out the missing links between evolutionary milestones to define and redefine the progress of life.The origin and evolution of Humans have always remained a source of debate between the creationists and evolutionists, in terms of recognizing the results of such researches on biological evolution and its credible interpretation of the evolutionists who upheld the origin and evolution of "Sapiens" resulting from great apes in course of the gradual evolutionary progress of life. Kundu analyzes interpretations of molecular and evolutionary geneticists over the last four decades and presents detailed illustrations on the matrilineal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (represented by mitochondrial Eve as primordial mother), patrilineal inheritance of Y-chromosomal DNA (represented by Y-chromosomal Adam as primordial father). He also presents elaborate structural aspects of the human genome and molecular aspects of the DNA footprint of Sapiens. This book is addressed to heterogeneous readers, graduate, and post-graduate students, research scientists and the general public interested in the origins and biological evolution of humans in view of molecular phylogenetics.
