Optimization Models in Electricity Markets
Get up-to-speed with the fundamentals of how electricity markets are structured and operated with this comprehensive textbook, presenting coverage of key topics in electricity market design, including power system and power market operations, transmission, unit commitment, demand response, and risk management. It includes over 140 practical examples, inspired by real-industry applications, connecting key theoretical concepts to practical scenarios in electricity market design, and features over 100 coding-based examples and exercises, with selected solutions for readers. It further demonstrates how mathematical programming models are implemented in an industry setting. Requiring no experience in power systems or energy economics, this is the ideal introduction to electricity markets for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering, economics, and operations research, and a robust introduction to the field for professionals in utilities, energy policy, and energy regulation. Accompanied online by datasets, AMPL code, supporting videos, and full solutions and lecture slides for instructors.
Rotation
Gaze beyond the dazzling starlight and discover the hidden power of a star's spin in " Rotation: The Key to Understanding Stars " This book explores the surprising truth that a star's rotation, often unseen, plays a critical role in shaping its entire life cycle. We'll delve into the science of stellar dance, uncovering how a star's spin dictates its brightness, lifespan, and even the potential for harboring planets. From the fiery birth of a newborn star to its dramatic transformation into a supernova or a majestic nebula, "Spinning Stars" reveals the fascinating link between a star's pirouette and its ultimate destiny.
Stars as Fossils
In "Stars as Fossils: Galactic History," the night sky becomes a vast museum, filled with celestial clues to our galaxy's extraordinary past. This book explores the remarkable use of white dwarfs - the embers of once-mighty stars - as fossils that whisper secrets about the Milky Way's evolution. Forget about dusty museum exhibits. "Stars as Fossils" delves into the cutting-edge science of white dwarf analysis. You'll discover how astronomers unlock the composition and age of these stellar remnants, piecing together a timeline of explosive supernovae and stellar mergers that shaped our galaxy. The book isn't just about the distant past. It explores how studying white dwarfs sheds light on the future of our own sun and the ultimate fate of our solar system. "Stars as Fossils" is a fascinating journey through cosmic time, revealing how the faint glow of a white dwarf can illuminate the grand narrative of galactic evolution.
Nonlinear Tools
Nonlinear Tools: Theory Meets Diverse Problems For centuries, mathematics has relied heavily on the elegance and predictability of linear relationships. A line slopes steadily, a spring bounces proportionally, and simple equations yield clear solutions. However, the real world is rarely so linear. Enter the realm of nonlinear tools, a powerful arsenal for tackling the messy, unpredictable problems that dominate many scientific disciplines. Linear models often fall short when dealing with complex systems, where cause and effect are not neatly proportional. Imagine a flower bud blooming - a seemingly simple phenomenon. Linear models struggle to capture the intricate interplay of temperature, sunlight, and internal chemical reactions that orchestrate this transformation. Nonlinear tools, on the other hand, embrace complexity. One such tool is the concept of nonlinear dynamical systems. These systems describe how a system's state evolves over time, taking into account past behavior and potential nonlinearities. Imagine a weather system - far from a simple, predictable progression. Nonlinear dynamical systems can model the intricate interactions between temperature, pressure, and humidity, providing a framework for understanding and potentially predicting complex weather patterns.
Stars to Self
Have you ever gazed at the stars and wondered what they're made of? "Stars to Self: Chemical Cosmos" unveils the surprising connection between the universe's fiery hearts and the very atoms that make up you! This book dives into the fascinating world of stellar spectroscopy, a powerful technique that deciphers the secrets hidden within starlight. Through the analysis of starlight's chemical fingerprint, you'll discover how scientists can unlock the composition of distant stars, galaxies, and even interstellar clouds. But "Stars to Self" goes beyond celestial fireworks. It reveals the mind-blowing truth: the very elements that make up our bodies, from the calcium in our bones to the iron in our blood, were forged in the fiery bellies of stars! This book is your journey of self-discovery on a cosmic scale. You'll learn how we are all truly made of stardust, connected to the universe in a profound and beautiful way.
Mars Awaits
Mars, a crimson jewel in our solar system, beckons with the promise of the unknown. Humanity, forever restless explorers, is poised to answer its call. We dream of a future where humanity sets foot on the rusty red soil, not as fleeting visitors, but as pioneers. The journey won't be easy. Thin air, brutal cold, and unforgiving radiation pose daunting challenges. But our spirit of innovation burns bright. We're developing technologies for sustainable habitats, crafting spacesuits to shield us from the harsh environment, and building rockets to bridge the immense gulf between our worlds. Mars Awaits is not just a mission, it's a giant leap for humankind. It's about pushing the boundaries of exploration, securing humanity's future, and answering the age-old question: Are we alone
God's Signature in the Stars, Volume One
Are there credible reasons to believe many of the constellation and star names were given by inspiration of God? God's Signature in the Stars explores these ancient star names and their meanings to reveal the answer. The Bible states that God named the stars: "He who brings out the starry host one by one and calls forth each of them by name" (Isa 40:26). These starry hosts appear in the night sky as God's "character actors," performing their roles on his celestial stage. God is the creator, writer, and director of this heavenly drama and cosmic dance. "By day and by night," his "starry hosts" are flickering above the footlights in God's theater in the sky!
Cosmology of the Big Bang
Cosmology of the Big Bang: From Myths to Model is a chronological, scientific treatment of the history of astronomy as a science. Beginning with ancient cultures and ending with the modern era, this book explores how humanity has studied the universe, what we claim to know about it, and why we claim to know it.Through 11 chapters, the book traces astronomy from its roots in ancient ideas of cosmology and geocentrism, through the Renaissance, the Newtonian Revolution, and the dawn of modern physics. It introduces light and matter, how the stars are measured, the expanding universe, and the Big Bang Model. The final chapters examine modern cosmology and accelerating expansion, question the cause of the Big Bang, and explore the evolution of the universe since the Big Bang. The text offers an intellectually honest assessment of the fluidity of science, and teaches readers that science is not simply about facts, but also the progression of ideas and the testing of hypotheses.The second edition features updates in every chapter, a new focus on cosmology, a new chapter titled The First Billion Years, and fresh sections on the laws of motion, how atoms are organized, and astronomy without light.Filled with amazing imagery produced by modern astronomical instruments, The Cosmology of the Big Bang is designed for introductory college courses that explore the development of insight into the universe, particularly astronomy and physics courses for the nonscience major.
Essential Reality & Time
If you've ever wondered about how now is so unique compared to past and future or wondered about the nature of time, this book is for you. You may not have a science background or you may be a physicist.In history, some Eastern and Western philosophers have said that everything is now. In metaphysics, presentism represents this "everything-is-now" view, in contrast to the eternalism of 4-dimensional spacetime.Presentism, however, faces objections because of some incompatibility with physics. In this book, we introduce essential reality, which is based on the initial conditions of physics. We'll see how this essential reality, which is at a moment that includes the flow of changing, can resolve the aforementioned objections to an "everything-is-now" view. From essential reality, we will also find a new interpretation of time, which is fully included in now.We'll see the usefulness of essential reality in everyday life. For convenience in daily living, we can also call it nowflow, meaning now that includes the flow of changing.
Gas Hydrate in Carbon Capture, Transportation and Storage
Gas Hydrate in Carbon Capture, Transportation and Storage: Technological, Economic, and Environmental Aspects is an essential resource for all academicians, researchers, flow assurance engineers, industry professional and students working in this field.
The Physics of Flocking
In creatures ranging from birds to fish to wildebeest, we observe the collective and coherent motion of large numbers of organisms, known as 'flocking.' John Toner, one of the founders of the field of active matter, uses the hydrodynamic theory of flocking to explain why a crowd of people can all walk, but not point, in the same direction. Assuming a basic undergraduate-level understanding of statistical mechanics, the text introduces readers to dry active matter and describes the current status of this rapidly developing field. Through the application of powerful techniques from theoretical condensed matter physics, such as hydrodynamic theories, the gradient expansion, and the renormalization group, readers are given the knowledge and tools to explore and understand this exciting field of research. This book will be valuable to graduate students and researchers in physics, mathematics, and biology with an interest in the hydrodynamic theory of flocking.
Computational Fluid Dynamics and COMSOL Multiphysics
Covers computational fluid dynamics simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics(R) Modeling Software in chemical engineering applications. In the volume, the software is introduced and applied to solve typical problems in chemical reactors, transport processes, fluid flow, and heat and mass transfer.
Advanced Materials, Polymers, and Composites
This book reviews several domains of polymer science, especially new trends in polymerization synthesis, physical-chemical properties, and inorganic systems. Composites and nanocomposites are also covered in this book, emphasizing nanotechnologies and their impact on the enhancement of physical and mechanical properties of these new materials. Kinetics and simulation are discussed and also considered as promising techniques for achieving chemistry and predicting physical property goals. This book presents a selection of interdisciplinary papers on the state of knowledge of each topic under consideration through a combination of overviews and original unpublished research.
Gateway to Condensed Matter Physics and Molecular Biophysics
This new volume provides the necessary background material and brings into focus the fundamental concepts essential for advanced research in theoretical condensed matter physics and its interface with molecular biophysics. It is the outcome of the author's long teaching and research career in theoretical condensed matter physics and related interdisciplinary fields.The author aims to motivate students to take up research in condensed matter physics and march toward new frontiers. He writes: "My long understanding of students' attitude and orientation brings me to the conclusion that many of them are quite excited about the developments in the frontier research areas at the beginning of their career; however, a sizeable fraction of them start losing interest gradually as they are often unable to connect these developments with the basic physics they have studied. I have tried to fill this gap in this book."To this end, special care has been taken to balance the physical concepts and mathematical expressions as well as proper mixing of theoretical and experimental aspects. He starts with the very well-known elementary ideas or basic concepts and goes forward so as to remove the apparent conceptual and technical gap between the known laws and various interesting, challenging, and novel experimental results and effects, some of which are amongst the latest discoveries.Key features: - Introduces a new way of looking at various important and fundamental phenomena in condensed matter from the perspective of microscopic theory- Explores a new interface of quantum condensed matter physics and molecular biophysics, highlighting research potentialities- Addresses the crucial questions surrounding these phenomena when they are mutually coexisting or competing in real condensed matter systems or materials, from both theoretical and experimental angles- Deals with biological molecules and some of their properties and processes and discusses the modeling of these with the help of condensed matter physics and statistical physics- Emphasizes fundamental concepts, particularly in condensed matter physics and making proper use of them
The Forth Dimension
Mainstream physics currently contends that only 4% of our Universe is made of normal matter and energy. The remaining 96% is thought to be mysterious dark matter and dark energy that are not at all understood. This presents a quandary relative to Einstein's observation: "The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible." Using judicious analogies, dry humor, and the established laws of physics, Ron Forth presents a new cosmological paradigm, honouring the principles of classical physics and relativity while examining the astronomical observations and ensuing inferences from a fresh perspective. Beginning by replacing curved spacetime with contoured four-dimensional space-energy, a new theory of gravity is developed. Using logical and mathematical arguments, he explains how forces, inertia, and entropy arise within this framework. Topics including black holes, gravitational waves, unification of the four fundamental forces, and the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics are touched upon in the context of the model. He shines a light on dark matter and dark energy, potentially dispelling their shadows. A possible ultimate fate of the Universe, a topic of interest to most of its inhabitants, is proposed.Covering the life of the Universe in a compact book, The Forth Dimension may prove revolutionary - or not - but it will hopefully provoke further discussion of our understanding of the Universe. The objective is for professional scientists to consider the implications of the philosophy, hypotheses, and analysis presented. Various tests are proposed to experimentally determine whether the ideas are science or science fiction.
Practical Talks by an Astronomer
Practical Talks by an Astronomer, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Astronomy Handbook
This essential guide for every amateur astronomer explores the entire universe in one practical, easy-to-use, beginner-friendly handbook.​ The Astronomy Handbook, by award-winning astronomy writer Govert Schilling, is the indispensable, go-to guide to everything you ever wanted or need to know about space, including: the stars and the constellations planets comets eclipses galaxies black holes exoplanets and much more It also offers an excellent education for every amateur astronomer, including detailed and practical information on how to: locate and track the movements of the constellations throughout the year view the planets and the cosmos select the best equipment to use, including telescopes and cameras photograph objects in space Schilling provides a fascinating history of astronomy, as well as clear and accessible explanations of binary, variable, and neutron stars; black holes and gamma-ray bursts; the formation and structure of galaxies; dark matter; and extraterrestrial life.The Astronomy Handbook is a primordial soup-to-nuts guide to the cosmos and an essential reference for every student of the universe.
Sounding the Ocean of Air, Being Six Lectures Delivered Before the Lowell Institute of Boston, in December 1898
Sounding the Ocean of Air, Being Six Lectures Delivered Before the Lowell Institute of Boston, in December 1898, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Popular lessons in astronomy, on a new plan
Popular lessons in astronomy, on a new plan: in which some of the leading principles of the science are illustrated by actual comparisions, independent of the use of numbers, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Practical Exercises in Elementary Meteorology
Practical Exercises in Elementary Meteorology, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Forth Dimension
Mainstream physics currently contends that only 4% of our Universe is made of normal matter and energy. The remaining 96% is thought to be mysterious dark matter and dark energy that are not at all understood. This presents a quandary relative to Einstein's observation: "The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible." Using judicious analogies, dry humor, and the established laws of physics, Ron Forth presents a new cosmological paradigm, honouring the principles of classical physics and relativity while examining the astronomical observations and ensuing inferences from a fresh perspective. Beginning by replacing curved spacetime with contoured four-dimensional space-energy, a new theory of gravity is developed. Using logical and mathematical arguments, he explains how forces, inertia, and entropy arise within this framework. Topics including black holes, gravitational waves, unification of the four fundamental forces, and the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics are touched upon in the context of the model. He shines a light on dark matter and dark energy, potentially dispelling their shadows. A possible ultimate fate of the Universe, a topic of interest to most of its inhabitants, is proposed.Covering the life of the Universe in a compact book, The Forth Dimension may prove revolutionary - or not - but it will hopefully provoke further discussion of our understanding of the Universe. The objective is for professional scientists to consider the implications of the philosophy, hypotheses, and analysis presented. Various tests are proposed to experimentally determine whether the ideas are science or science fiction.
Popular scientific lectures
Popular scientific lectures, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Practical Astronomer; Comprising illustrations of light and colours--practical descriptions of all kinds of telescopes--the use of the equatorial-transit--circular, and other astronomical instrume
The Practical Astronomer; Comprising illustrations of light and colours--practical descriptions of all kinds of telescopes--the use of the equatorial-transit--circular, and other astronomical instruments, a particular account of the Earl of Rosse's large telescopes, and other topics connected with astronomy, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
A Meteorite Killed My Cow
Meteorites are generally considered to be bizarre and exotic space junk that you only ever come across in museums. But the reality is very different. Meteorites are generally harmless, with the exception of a cow in Venezuela and a few dinosaurs. Well, quite a few dinosaurs in fact! They are arriving on Earth every day, everywhere, in the form of fine dust. The result is that meteorites can be collected from the rooftops of houses everywhere. It's not easy and you need to know what to look for. This book will help. Meteorites are the oldest rocks in our Solar System and contain grains that are even older. These space rocks provide science with the best available evidence concerning the origin and early evolution of the Solar System.This book introduces the reader to the fascinating and sometimes bizarre world of space rocks using a simple, clear layman-friendly style. It explains why they are so special and describes their main characteristics. The non-technical approach used throughout the book make it particularly accessible to the general public and it will be of interest to anyone looking to learn more about these cosmic visitors and the wealth of scientific information they contain.Features: Provides a concise introduction to the world of meteorites in an accessible and non-technical way Demonstrates how meteorites can be found locally and provides practical guidance on how to search for them! Emphasizes the human side of meteorites and how ordinary people can and do encounter meteorites in a wide variety of settings
Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
Transport and diffusion processes are central in numerous scientific and technical applications. Prominent examples are the temperature distribution in continuous media, the flow of liquids or gases, the dynamics of reaction-diffusion systems, or the concentration distributions in mixtures. The theoretical and numerical description of these systems is based on partial differential equations. The theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics provides a frame to derive these equations from basic conservation laws and first principles. The first part of the textbook discusses the concept of equilibrium thermodynamics and its generalization to systems in local equilibrium. Thermodynamic fluxes are defined and caused by generalized forces. Finally, linear relations, the Onsager relations, between fluxes and forces allow for a closed description. In this way, conservation equations for mass (continuity), momentum (Euler or Navier-Stokes), and energy (temperature) are derived and solved analytically or numerically for several examples. The second part is based on the kinetic gas theory describing a classical many particle system. At the example of a perfect gas the conservation equations derived phenomenologically in the first part are thereby put on statistical grounds. The textbook addresses advanced Bachelor or Master students of physics, mechanical engineering and applied mathematics.
Geometry of Coronal Mass Ejections. CMEs Geometry
Scientific Study from the year 2024 in the subject Physics - Astronomy, language: English, abstract: The most energetic phenomena in the heliosphere are known to be coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which acquire their energy from the Sun's strained magnetic fields. Coronal Mass Ejections disrupt the flow of the solar wind and produce disturbances that strike the Earth with sometimes catastrophic results. Coronal mass ejections are often associated with solar flares and prominence eruptions but they can also occur in the absence of either of these processes. The frequency of CMEs varies with the sunspot cycle. At solar minimum we observe about one CME a week. Near solar maximum we observe an average of 2 to 3 CMEs per day. We have studied different characteristics of coronal mass ejection based on the observation form Large Angel and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on board of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) space craft during the period 1996 -2006. It is noteworthy that the rate of occurrence of Class B CMEs is more than class A CME's. The occurrence spectrum of both classes of CMEs follows the trend of the phase of solar cycle and maximum number both types CME's seems to be occurred during maximum solar activity. It is also observed that the maximum number of class A, Class B CMEs have speed range 0-500 km/sec. We have observed that maximum number of Class A, Class B CME's occurred in apparent angular width range 00-900. It is also found that the maximum number of class A and class B CME's have occurred when the position angle ranges in 50-1000 and 2500-3000 respectively.
Solved Problems and Systematic Introduction to Special Relativity
In most undergraduate physics classes Special Relativity is taught from a simplistic point of view using Newtonian concepts rather than the relativistic way of thinking. This results in students often finding it difficult to understand properly the new approach/new ideas, and consequently to solve relativistic problems. Furthermore, a number of books treat the theory using advanced mathematics which is not necessary for the first approach to the theory. This book is intended to serve two roles: a. To treat a student in a systematic constructive way to the basic structure of the theory and b. To provide a large number of solved in-detail problems in the kinematics and dynamics of Special Relativity. Concerning the first aim the book introduces the basics of four-dimensional mathematics, i.e., Lorentz metric, relativistic tensors, and prepares, through working examples, the transition to General Relativity, which requires, besides the relativistic concepts, the use of Differential Geometry and tensor analysis. The presentation is concise and does not replace a book on Special Relativity. Concerning the second intention the large number of problems provides the necessary material which can be used in order to familiarize the student with the relativistic "world". These problems can be used in the class by the teachers either as working examples or as problem sheets. It will be our pleasure if the book will be useful to both students and teachers.
The Dynamics of Rotating Fluids
This textbook on rotating fluid dynamics combines a pedagogical development of theoretical ideas with a description and analysis of many of the fascinating examples of rotating flows found in nature. The book is self-contained, starting in Part I with introductory chapters on fluid dynamics and waves. The largest section of the book is Part II, where a broad theoretical framework is developed for rotating flows, including Ekman layers, inertial waves, Taylor columns, Rossby waves, precession, instabilities, rotating convection, vortex breakdown, and rotating turbulence. The book ends, in Part III, with an analysis of some naturally occurring rotating flows, including tornadoes and dust devils, tidal vortices, tropical cyclones, convection in planetary cores, zonal winds in planetary atmospheres, and astrophysical accretion discs. Davidson presents a unique combination of a deep but broad theoretical framework with a detailed discussion of many naturally occurring flows. Moreover, the book places great emphasis on the pedagogical development of theoretical ideas and the physical insight that brings.
Colloidal Active Matter
What do bird flocks, bacterial swarms, cell tissues, and cytoskeletal fluids have in common? They are all examples of active matter. This book explores how scientists in various disciplines, from physics to biology, have collated a solid corpus of experimental designs and theories during the last two decades to decipher active systems.
Thermal Safety Margins in Nuclear Reactors
This book presents an overview of state-of-the art approaches to determine thermal safety margins in nuclear reactors.
Dark Matter and Cosmic Web Story (Second Edition)
The concepts of dark matter and the cosmic web are some of the most significant developments in cosmology in the past century. They have decisively changed the classical cosmological paradigm, which was first elaborated upon during the first half of the 20th century but ran into serious problems in the second half. Today, they are integral parts of modern cosmology, which explains everything from the Big Bang to inflation to the large-scale structure of the Universe.Dark Matter and Cosmic Web Story describes the contributions that led to a paradigm shift from the Eastern point of view. It describes the problems with the classical view, the attempts to solve them, the difficulties encountered by those solutions, and the conferences where the merits of the new concepts were debated. Amidst the science, the story of scientific work in a small country occupied by the Soviet Union and the tumultuous events that led to its breakup are detailed as well.The development of cosmology has often treated as a West-East conflict between the American school led by Jim Peebles in Princeton and the Soviet team led by Yakov Zeldovich in Moscow. Actually, the development of ideas was broader, and a certain role played the Tartu team. The Tartu cosmology school was founded by Ernst ?pik and has its own traditions and attitude to science. In the new edition of the book the interplay between three cosmology schools is written in more detail. The recent development of dark matter and cosmic web studies is described, as well as the evolution of global properties of the cosmic web.This book is accompanied by a website which contains additional material: copies of the originals of some crucial papers, astronomical movies, and movies which showcase the private life of the author. In this second edition, two chapters on the statistical description of the cosmic web and its development were added, as well as chapter on the sociology of science. To keep the length of this book reasonable, a lot of reorganisation of the text has been done as well.
Wind Energy
Wind Energy: Societal and Human Impacts presents the theoretical basis for the various impacts of wind turbines on humans. These impacts include noise (in the audible, low-frequency, and infrasound ranges), visual effects (shadow flicker and light reflections), electromagnetic fields, vibrations and oscillations from wind turbines.
Literary Heterogenesis
This book advances a new interdisciplinary approach that engages with the concepts of science and literature through the mediation of philosophy (with a focus on the ideas of Gilbert Simondon and Gilles Deleuze). It investigates in innovative ways the multifaceted dimensions of creation, of genesis, considered here in artistic and mathematical terms as "heterogenesis". The dialogic interaction among the three domains generates a renewed analysis of poems selected in the work of particularly inventive poets, both French and American--Emily Dickinson, e.e. cummings and Francis Ponge--as well as the artwork of Pierre Soulages, Anna-Eva Bergman and Cy Twombly. Literary Heterogenesis. Diagrammatic Dynamics. The Interplay of the Virtual and the Actual will interest specialists of mathematics, physics, literary theory and criticism, philosophy, and epistemology. It will also attract any curious mind drawn to the bridging of disciplines and the concepts of the two cultures.
The Physics of Sound and Music, Volume 2
This second volume of 'The Physics of Sound and Music: A complete course text' is a lab manual providing a complete resource to accompany undergraduate courses on the physics of sound and music, and is supplemented by the textbook in volume one of this two-volume set.
Introduction to Photocatalysis
Explore the intriguing world of photocatalysis with Introduction to Photocatalysis: Fundamentals and Applications. This book explores the complexities of photocatalytic processes, investigating the contributing elements, nano-photocatalyst manufacturing methodologies and their wide applications in the energy and environmental sectors.
JWST from below
The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably the most important human accomplishment of the 21st Century. This document provides an overview of its construction and mission. Readers should want to read this document because it highlights the cutting-edge technology and scientific advancements that JWST represents, offering insights into the mysteries of the early universe, galaxy formation, star formation, and planetary systems. By exploring these topics, the document connects with current public issues such as the search for extraterrestrial life, the origins of the universe, and the impact of space exploration on our understanding of Earth and our place in the cosmos. This document provides an overview of the construction and mission of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). It discusses the role of NASA and the Optics Branch at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in the development of the telescope. The document highlights the four science themes of JWST, which include studying the early universe, galaxy formation and evolution, star formation in our galaxy, and planetary systems. It also explains why telescopes are used to observe distant objects and why space is the preferred environment for telescopes. The document provides information on the different elements and regions of the JWST, such as the Optical Telescope Element (OTE) and the Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM). It includes details on the construction and testing of the telescope, as well as its deployment and launch. The document concludes with links to additional resources for more information on JWST. This annotated edition illustrates the capabilities of the AI Lab for Book-Lovers to add context and ease-of-use to manuscripts. It includes several types of abstracts, building from simplest to more complex: TLDR (one word), ELI5, TLDR (vanilla), Scientific Style, and Action Items; essays to increase viewpoint diversity, such as Grounds for Dissent, Red Team Critique, and MAGA Perspective; and Notable Passages and Nutshell Summaries for each page.
Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects
Properties of crystalline materials are almost always governed by the defects within them. The ability to shape metals and alloys into girders, furniture, automobiles and medical prostheses stems from the generation, motion and interaction of these defects. Crystal defects are also the agents of chemical changes within crystals, enabling mass transport by diffusion and changes of phase. The distortion of the crystal created by a defect enables it to interact with other defects over distances much greater than the atomic scale. The theory of elasticity is used to describe these interactions. Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects, 2nd Edition is an introduction to the theory of elasticity and its application to point defects, dislocations, grain boundaries, inclusions, and cracks. A unique feature of the book is the treatment of the relationship between the atomic structures of defects and their elastic fields. Another unique feature is the last chapter which describes five technologically important areas requiring further fundamental research, with suggestions for possible PhD projects. There are exercises for the student to check their understanding as they work through each chapter with detailed solutions. There are problems set at the end of each chapter, also with detailed solutions. In this second edition the treatment of the Eshelby inclusion has been expanded into a chapter of its own, with complete self-contained derivations of the elastic fields inside and outside the inclusion. This is a textbook for postgraduate students in physics, engineering and materials science. Even students and professionals with some knowledge of elasticity and defects will almost certainly find much that is new to them in this book.
The Sixth Element
A cosmic perspective on carbon--its importance in the universe and our lives When we think of carbon, we might first think of a simple element near the top of the periodic table: symbol C, atomic number 6. Alternatively, we might think of something more tangible--a sooty piece of coal or a sparkling diamond, both made of carbon. Or, as Earth's temperature continues to rise alarmingly, we might think of the role carbon plays in climate change. Yet carbon's story begins long ago, far from earthly concerns. In The Sixth Element, astronomers Theodore Snow and Don Brownlee tell the story of carbon from a cosmic perspective--how it was born in the fiery furnaces of stars, what special chemical and physical properties it has, and how it forms the chemical backbone of the planets and all life as we know it. Foundational to every part of our lives, from our bodies to the food, tools, and atmosphere that sustain our existence, carbon is arguably humankind's most important element. Snow and Brownlee offer readers the ideal introduction to the starry element that made our world possible and shapes our lives. They first discuss carbon's origin, discovery, and unique ability to bond with other elements and form countless molecules. Next, they reveal carbon's essential role in the chemical evolution of the universe and the formation and evolution of galaxies, stars, planets, and life, and then, more generally, its technological uses and its influence on Earth's climate. Bringing readers on a historical, scientific, and cross-disciplinary journey, The Sixth Element illuminates the cosmic wonder that is carbon.
A Traveler's Guide to the Stars
A brief guide to the real science of interstellar travel With known exoplanets now numbering in the thousands and initiatives like 100 Year Starship and Breakthrough Starshot advancing the idea of interstellar travel, the age-old dream of venturing forth into the cosmos and perhaps even colonizing distant worlds may one day become a reality. A Traveler's Guide to the Stars reveals how. Les Johnson takes you on a thrilling tour of the physics and technologies that may enable us to reach the stars. He discusses the latest exoplanet discoveries, promising interstellar missions on the not-so-distant horizon, and exciting new developments in space propulsion, power, robotics, communications, and more. But interstellar travel will not be easy, and it is not for the faint of heart. Johnson describes the harsh and forbidding expanse of space that awaits us, and he addresses the daunting challenges--both human and technological--that we will need to overcome in order to realize tomorrow's possibilities. A Traveler's Guide to the Stars is your passport to the next great frontier of human discovery, providing a rare inside look at the remarkable breakthroughs in science and technology that will help tomorrow's space travelers chart a course for the stars.
Numerical Methods
This book presents a pedagogical treatment of a range of numerical methods to suit the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate students, and teachers and researchers in physics, mathematics, and engineering. For each method, the derivation of the formula, error analysis, case studies, applications in science and engineering are covered.
Atomic Clusters
The spectacular development of nanotechnologies over the last twenty years has introduced all kinds of nano-objects or nanoparticles into everyday life. The remarkable properties of these nano-materials explain why they are used as much in cosmetics and lubricants as in most high-tech components.The aim of this book is to describe the basic principles governing nanoscience, and nanophysics in particular. The authors show how the physics and chemistry of atoms influence the properties of nano-objects. They also describe how the properties of macroscopic materials are modified when their size decreases.This first volume is devoted to aggregates or nanoparticles in the ground state. It shows how binding energy and symmetry properties govern the arrangement of atoms according to their electronic structure. It also explains the influence of metal bond complexity on the properties of transition metal nanoparticles. Applications are given for insulator-metal transition, magnetism and catalysis.A second volume will describe the influence of the temperature, the excited states of aggregates and their optical properties. The authors come from different backgrounds, Michel Broyer from atomic and molecular physics and Patrice M矇linon from condensed matter. They were both pioneers in aggregate and work at Lyon I University.
Dynamic Light Scattering Imaging
This book examines Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and its derivatives Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF), Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy (DWS), Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI), and Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for characterizing particle motion in turbid mediums like suspensions and solutions.
Mathematical Theory of Black Holes in Higher Dimensions
This book portraits the mathematical theory which lies behind black hole solutions in spacetimes with an extra dimension. Step by step the authors build a comprehensive picture of the main concepts and tools necessary to understand these geometries. In this way the book addresses questions like: How do we describe black holes in higher dimensions? How can we construct such geometries explicitly as exact solutions to the field equations? How many independent solutions can exist and how are they classified?The book concentrates on five-dimensional stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes in electro-vacuum and systematically introduces the most important black geometries which can arise in these settings. The authors follow the natural progress of the research area by initially describing the first results that were obtained intuitively and sparkled interest in the community. Then the elaborate mathematical techniques are introduced which allow to systematically construct exact black hole solutions. Topics like the integrability of the theory, the hidden symmetries of the field equations, the available B瓣cklund transformations and solution generation techniques based on the inverse scattering method are covered. The last part of the book is devoted to uniqueness theorems showing how to classify the black hole spacetimes and distinguish the non-equivalent ones.The book is not just a mere collection of facts but a methodological description of the most important mathematical techniques and constructions in an active research area. The discussion is pedagogical and all the methods are demonstrated on a variety of examples. Most of the book is adapted to the level of a graduate student possessing a basic knowledge of general relativity and differential equations, and can serve as a practical guide for quickly acquiring the specific concepts and calculation techniques. Both authors have contributed to the research area by their original results, and share their own experience and perspective.
The Quizzer's Guide to the Cosmos
Have you ever gazed up at the night sky and wondered how many stars you can see? Whether the universe is infinite? Or, more prosaically, what the chances are of you being hit by a rock from space? The Quizzer's Guide to the Cosmos is here to satisfy your curiosity by offering an overview of the history of astronomy, from the earliest beginnings through to the most recent discoveries. This isn't a typical astronomy book, however - it's packed with a 500-question multiple-choice quiz that not only makes the book more interactive but also helps you retain information and lets you test your knowledge of some of the most captivating concepts in science. The book will appeal to astronomy buffs and to general quiz afficianados alike. Digital questions and answers also via app: Download the Springer Nature Flashcards app free of charge and test your knowledge.
Gamma Rays - Current Insights
Gamma rays are positioned distinctively in the electromagnetic spectrum, characterized by energy over 100 keV and wavelengths less than 10 picometers. Paul Villard discovered them in 1900, and their ability to penetrate deeply was quickly recognized. The discovery of artificial radioactivity in 1934 by Ir癡ne Joliot-Curie and Fr矇d矇ric Joliot significantly increased the availability of gamma-ray sources. This established the foundation for their extensive utilization. Currently, gamma rays are widely utilized in several fields of science, industry, medicine, and beyond. Notable uses encompass radionuclide exploration, radiation-based treatment of materials, sterilization of medical products, medical imaging, cancer therapy, and food sterilization through irradiation. Nevertheless, numerous applications are still being actively studied as researchers persist in discovering novel methods to utilize gamma rays in various fields. This book includes five chapters, each dedicated to elucidating recent advancements in applying gamma rays within a particular domain. The subjects addressed encompass a broad spectrum, including mineral discovery, crop development, insect management, and improvement of food quality. The chapters focus on innovative methodologies, methodological advancements, and practical obstacles to efficiently utilizing gamma rays. The chapters provide valuable insights informing readers about the advances in many application domains during the past decade. In general, the volume demonstrates the diverse usefulness of gamma rays in several scientific fields and technological endeavors. The statement underscores that despite being identified more than a century ago, gamma rays remain a dynamic study area with significant potential for present and future applications. This book will appeal to students, academics, and professionals looking to thoroughly examine the various uses of gamma rays in contemporary society.
