Nanoimprint Lithography Technology and Applications
Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) has been an interesting and growing field in recent years since its beginnings in the mid-1990s. During that time, nanoimprinting has undergone significant changes and developments and nowadays is a technology used in R&D labs and industrial production processes around the world. One of the exciting things about nanoimprinting process is its remarkable versatility and the broad range of applications. This reprint includes ten articles, which represent a small glimpse of the challenges and possibilities of this technology. Six contributions deal with nanoimprint processes aiming at specific applications, while the other four papers focus on more general aspects of nanoimprint processes or present novel materials. Several different types of nanoimprint processes are used: plate-to-plate, roll-to-plate, and roll-to-roll. Plate-to-plate NIL here also includes the use of soft and flexible stamps.The application fields in this reprint are broad and can be identified as plasmonics, superhydrophibicity, biomimetics, optics/datacom, and life sciences, showing the broad applicability of nanoimprinting. The sections on the nanoimprint process discuss filling and wetting aspects during nanoimprinting as well as materials for stamps and imprinting.
Informatica
Informatica--the updated edition of Alex Wright's previously published Glut--continues the journey through the history of the information age to show how information systems emerge. Today's "information explosion" may seem like a modern phenomenon, but we are not the first generation--or even the first species--to wrestle with the problem of information overload. Long before the advent of computers, human beings were collecting, storing, and organizing information: from Ice Age taxonomies to Sumerian archives, Greek libraries to Christian monasteries.Wright weaves a narrative that connects such seemingly far-flung topics as insect colonies, Stone Age jewelry, medieval monasteries, Renaissance encyclopedias, early computer networks, and the World Wide Web. He suggests that the future of the information age may lie deep in our cultural past.We stand at a precipice struggling to cope with a tsunami of data. Wright provides some much-needed historical perspective. We can understand the predicament of information overload not just as the result of technological change but as the latest chapter in an ancient story that we are only beginning to understand.
The Jacquard Machine Analyzed and Explained; With an appendix on the preparation of jacquard cards, and practical hints to learners of jacquard designing
This book "" The Jacquard Machine Analyzed and Explained; With an appendix on the preparation of jacquard cards, and practical hints to learners of jacquard designing "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Biomass for Sustainability
The decarbonization of all sectors is essential in addressing the global challenge of climate change. Bioenergy can contribute to replacing our current dependence on fossil fuels and offers significant possibilities in many conventional and advanced applications, from power to heating and cooling installations. Energy systems in the building and industrial sectors can convert biomass to other usable forms of energy and improve energy performance. Moreover, bioenergy sustainability means energy can be managed for an extended period of time.Further research is needed to develop better green energy production methods and new procedures to evaluate and valorize biomass in a circular economy context. Some of the most critical bottlenecks to increase the use of bioenergy are energy conversion and management from resource to final energy. The countries where this source is strengthened can achieve security of energy supply and energy independence. In addition, biomass boilers and biomass district heating systems are interesting options to achieve nearly zero-energy buildings, contributing the needed biomass harvesting to rural development and to improve resource planning and distribution.The aim of this book is to present a comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research papers addressing recent progress in biomass-based systems and innovative applications.
Advance in Recovery and Application of Bioactive Compounds from Seafood
Due to the increased focus on circular bioeconomies, the full utilization of marine biomasses, including side streams from the seafood processing industry, as well as the utilization of hitherto unexploited biomasses, such as star fish, mussels, seaweed, and microalgae, are receiving increased attention from both academia and the industry. These marine biomasses contain a wide array of bioactive compounds with beneficial and/or functional health properties, which can be exploited for applications in food, feed, dietary supplements, or pharma. New technologies are being developed for the recovery and preservation of bioactive compounds from these resources. Technologies for preserving perishable bioactive compounds are particularly important during the storage of seafood side streams before extraction as well as during the extraction, concentration, purification, and storage of the extracted compounds. Advanced application refers to new applications of the bioactive compounds in, for example, food products or new technologies for the incorporation of these bioactive compounds in food, feed, dietary supplements, or drugs.
Friction, Lubrication and the Lubricants in Horology
This book "" Friction, Lubrication and the Lubricants in Horology "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Freezing Combination Main Dishes Home and Garden Bulletin No. 40
This book "" Freezing Combination Main Dishes Home and Garden Bulletin No. 40 "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
French Polishing and Enamelling, A Practical Work of Instruction
This book "" French Polishing and Enamelling, A Practical Work of Instruction "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Jacquard Machines
This book "" Jacquard Machines: Instruction Paper "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Passive Planar Microwave Devices
The aim of this book is to highlight some recent advances in microwave planar devices. The development of planar technologies still generates great interest because of their many applications in fields as diverse as wireless communications, medical instrumentation, remote sensing, etc. In this book, particular interest has been focused on an electronically controllable phase shifter, wireless sensing, a multiband textile antenna, a MIMO antenna in microstrip technology, a miniaturized spoof plasmonic antipodal Vivaldi antenna, a dual-band balanced bandpass filter, glide-symmetric structures, a transparent multiband antenna for vehicle communications, a multilayer bandpass filter with high selectivity, microwave planar cutoff probes, and a wideband transition from microstrip to ridge empty substrate integrated waveguide.
Life in the Time of a Pandemic
It has been confirmed that the number of cases and the death toll of COVID-19 are continuing to rise in many countries around the globe. Governments around the world have been struggling with containing and reducing the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19; however, their respective responses have not been consistent. Aggressive measures imposed by some governments have resulted in a complete lockdown that has disrupted all facets of life and poses massive health, social, and financial impacts. Other countries, however, are taking a more wait-and-see approach in an attempt to maintain business as usual. Collectively, these challenges reflect a super wicked problem that places immense pressure on economies and societies and requires the strategic management of health systems to avoid overwhelming them-this has been linked to the public mantra of 'flattening the curve', which acknowledges that while the pandemic cannot be stopped, its impact can be regulated so that the number of cases at any given time is not beyond the capacity of the health system. Dynamic simulation modelling is a framework that facilitates the understanding/exploring of complex problems, of searching for and finding the best option(s) from all practical solutions where time dynamics are essential. The papers in this book provide research insights into this super wicked problem and case studies exploring the interactions between social, economic, environmental, and health factors through the use of a systems approach.
Principles and Applications of Data Science
Data science is an emerging multidisciplinary field which lies at the intersection of computer science, statistics, and mathematics, with different applications and related to data mining, deep learning, and big data. This Special Issue on "Principles and Applications of Data Science" focuses on the latest developments in the theories, techniques, and applications of data science. The topics include data cleansing, data mining, machine learning, deep learning, and the applications of medical and healthcare, as well as social media.
Immobilized Non-Precious Electrocatalysts for Advanced Energy Devices
The successful commercialization of advanced energy devices, including fuel cells and solar cells (e.g., dye-sensitized solar cells) is somewhat dependent on the cost, activity and durability of the electrocatalysts. Nowadays, precious metal electrodes are the most widely used. Accordingly, the manufacturing costs are relatively high, which constrains wide application. Recently, some reports have introduced some promising non-precious electrocatalysts to be exploited in both oxidation and reduction reactions. It was concluded that immobilization of the functional material on a proper support can distinctly improve catalytic activity. Moreover, due to the synergetic effect, metallic alloy nanoparticles show very good electrocatalytic activity in this regard. This Special Issue aims to cover the most recent progress and the advances in the field of the immobilized non-precious electrocatalysts. This includes, but is not limited to, non-precious electrocatalysts for alcohol (methanol, ethanol, etc.) oxidation, oxygen reduction reaction and electrolyte reduction in dye-sensitized solar cells.
Jacquard Weaving and Designing
This book "" Jacquard Weaving and Designing "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Innovative Structural Applications of High Performance Concrete Materials in Sustainable Construction
Concrete is the most widely utilized construction material in the world. Thus, any action intended to enhance the sustainability of the construction industry must consider the supply chain, production, distribution demolition and eventual disposal, landfilling or recycling of this composite material. High-performance concrete may be one of the most effective options to make the construction sector more sustainable. Experience proves that the use of recycled concrete aggregates, as well as the partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement with other supplementary cementitious materials or alternative binders, are generally accepted as the most realistic solutions to reduce the environmental impacts, leading to sufficiently high mechanical performances. In structural applications such as those concerning the seismic and energy retrofitting of existing buildings, the use of high-performance cementitious composites often represents the more cost-effective solution, which allows us to minimize the costs of the intervention and the environmental impact. Eventually, the challenge of enhancing sustainability by raising durability of concrete structures is particularly relevant in those applications where maintenance is particularly expensive and impactful, in terms of both direct intervention costs and indirect costs deriving from downtime. The present Special Issue aims at providing readers with the most recent research results on the aforementioned subjects and further foster a collaboration between the scientific community and the industrial sector on a common commitment towards sustainable concrete constructions.
Applications of Antenna Technology in Sensors
During the past few decades, information technologies have been evolving at a tremendous rate, causing profound changes to our world and to our ways of living. Emerging applications have opened u[ new routes and set new trends for antenna sensors. With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), the adaptation of antenna technologies for sensor and sensing applications has become more important. Now, the antennas must be reconfigurable, flexible, low profile, and low-cost, for applications from airborne and vehicles, to machine-to-machine, IoT, 5G, etc. This reprint aims to introduce and treat a series of advanced and emerging topics in the field of antenna sensors.
Algorithms and Methods for Designing and Scheduling Smart Manufacturing Systems
This book, as a Special Issue, is a collection of some of the latest advancements in designing and scheduling smart manufacturing systems. The smart manufacturing concept is undoubtedly considered a paradigm shift in manufacturing technology. This conception is part of the Industry 4.0 strategy, or equivalent national policies, and brings new challenges and opportunities for the companies that are facing tough global competition. Industry 4.0 should not only be perceived as one of many possible strategies for manufacturing companies, but also as an important practice within organizations. The main focus of Industry 4.0 implementation is to combine production, information technology, and the internet. The presented Special Issue consists of ten research papers presenting the latest works in the field. The papers include various topics, which can be divided into three categories-(i) designing and scheduling manufacturing systems (seven articles), (ii) machining process optimization (two articles), (iii) digital insurance platforms (one article). Most of the mentioned research problems are solved in these articles by using genetic algorithms, the harmony search algorithm, the hybrid bat algorithm, the combined whale optimization algorithm, and other optimization and decision-making methods. The above-mentioned groups of articles are briefly described in this order in this book.
Preparation, Physico-Chemical Properties and Biomedical Applications of Nanoparticles
Nowadays, the impact of nanotechnology on applications in medicine and biomedical sciences has broader societal and economic effects, enhancing awareness of the business, regulatory, and administrative aspects of medical applications. The selected papers included in the present Special Issue gives readers a critical, balanced and realistic evaluation of existing nanomedicine developments and future prospects, allowing practitioners to plan and make decisions.The topics of this book covers the use of nanoparticles and nanotechnology in medical applications including biomaterials for tissue regeneration, diagnosis and monitoring, surgery, prosthetics, drug delivery systems, nanocarriers, and wound dressing. I would like to express my gratitude to all contributors to this issue, who have given so much of their time and effort to help create this collection of high quality papers.
Situation Awareness for Smart Distribution Systems
In recent years, the global climate has become variable due to intensification of the greenhouse effect, and natural disasters are frequently occurring, which poses challenges to the situation awareness of intelligent distribution networks. Aside from the continuous grid connection of distributed generation, energy storage and new energy generation not only reduces the power supply pressure of distribution network to a certain extent but also brings new consumption pressure and load impact.Situation awareness is a technology based on the overall dynamic insight of environment and covering perception, understanding, and prediction. Such means have been widely used in security, intelligence, justice, intelligent transportation, and other fields and gradually become the research direction of digitization and informatization in the future.We hope this Special Issue represents a useful contribution. We present 10 interesting papers that cover a wide range of topics all focused on problems and solutions related to situation awareness for smart distribution systems.We sincerely hope the papers included in this Special Issue will inspire more researchers to further develop situation awareness for smart distribution systems. We strongly believe that there is a need for more work to be carried out, and we hope this issue provides a useful open-access platform for the dissemination of new ideas.
Technology Roadmapping and Development
This textbook explains Technology Roadmapping, in both its development and practice, and illustrates the underlying theory of, and empirical evidence for, technologic evolution over time afforded by this strategy. The book contains a rich set of examples and practical exercises from a wide array of domains in applied science and engineering such as transportation, energy, communications, and medicine. Professor de Weck gives a complete review of the principles, methods, and tools of technology management for organizations and technologically-enabled systems, including technology scouting, roadmapping, strategic planning, R&D project execution, intellectual property management, knowledge management, partnering and acquisition, technology transfer, innovation management, and financial technology valuation. Special topics also covered include Moore's law, S-curves, the singularity and fundamental limits to technology. Ideal for university courses in engineering, management, and business programs, as well as self-study or online learning for professionals in a range of industries, readers of this book will learn how to develop and deploy comprehensive technology roadmaps and R&D portfolios on diverse topics of their choice.Introduces a unique framework, Advanced Technology Roadmap Architecture (ATRA), for developing quantitative technology roadmaps and competitive R&D portfolios through a lucid and rigorous step-by-step approach;Elucidates the ATRA framework through analysis which was validated on an actual $1 billion R&D portfolio at Airbus, leveraging a pedagogy significantly beyond typical university textbooks and problem sets;Reinforces concepts with in-depth case studies, practical exercises, examples, and thought experiments interwoven throughout the text;Maximizes reader competence on how to explicitly link strategy, finance, and technology.The book follows and supports the MIT Professional Education Courses "Management of Technology: Roadmapping & Development," https: //professional.mit.edu/course-catalog/management-technology-roadmapping-development and "Management of Technology: Strategy & Portfolio Analysis" https: //professional.mit.edu/course-catalog/management-technology-strategy-portfolio-analysis
Transformation of the Technological Society
Transformation of the Technological Society looks at technology more critically than often happens today. Many see new technology as offering hopeful, even messianic expectations for the future. Schuurman shows this expectation to be untenable, pointing out how technological applications have led to recurrent disasters affecting society and the natural environment. The author argues for an ethics of responsibility for technology while still creating space for developing technology that truly serves all living things.Many philosophers confuse abstract theories about technology with reality. While academic abstraction and theorizing are good things, treating them as reality can lead to seriously harmful results. Today's materialistic, scientific-technical mind set tends to make us lyrical about the possibilities of computers, robots, cyborgs, and nanotechnology, while forgetting about how they shape life itself.Schuurman alerts readers to the danger of blaming economic causes alone for the rise of neo-liberal economics and the problems of the world, without realizing how powerful and even insidious technology has become. He believes that the world's crises can be better understood against the background of the rise of technology. The author also looks at recent Islamic thinkers' ideas about technology, old and new, and explores the possibilities this gives for dialogue together about the world's problems. All the while, deeply shaped by his worldview, he is not afraid to confront what he considers false views of reality.
Corrosion In RCC Structures
The Purpose of this book is to provide a basic course and introduction of corrosion in Reinforced Cement Concrete Structures to students. Various methods of repairs and rehabilitations has been explained with suitable example in this book. One of the challenges today is to repair and strengthen the existing structures subjected to harsh environmental conditions. it is hoped that book will bring about a greater awareness and knowledge to civil engineering students.
Underground Mathematics
Thomas Morel tells the story of subterranean geometry, a forgotten discipline that developed in the silver mines of early modern Europe. Mining and metallurgy were of great significance to the rulers of early modern Europe, required for the silver bullion that fuelled warfare and numerous other uses. Through seven lively case studies, he illustrates how geometry was used in metallic mines by practitioners using esoteric manuscripts. He describes how an original culture of accuracy and measurement paved the way for technical and scientific innovations, and fruitfully brought together the world of artisans, scholars and courts. Based on a variety of original manuscripts, maps and archive material, Morel recounts how knowledge was crafted and circulated among practitioners in the Holy Roman Empire and beyond. Specific chapters deal with the material culture of surveying, map-making, expertise and the political uses of quantification. By carefully reconstructing the religious, economic and cultural context of mining cities, Underground Mathematics contextualizes the rise of numbered information, practical mathematics and quantification in the early modern period.
Symmetry in Modeling and Analysis of Dynamic Systems
Real-world systems exhibit complex behavior, therefore novel mathematical approaches or modifications of classical ones have to be employed to precisely predict, monitor, and control complicated chaotic and stochastic processes. One of the most basic concepts that has to be taken into account while conducting research in all natural sciences is symmetry, and it is usually used to refer to an object that is invariant under some transformations including translation, reflection, rotation or scaling.The following Special Issue is dedicated to investigations of the concept of dynamical symmetry in the modelling and analysis of dynamic features occurring in various branches of science like physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering, with special emphasis on research based on the mathematical models of nonlinear partial and ordinary differential equations. Addressed topics cover theories developed and employed under the concept of invariance of the global/local behavior of the points of spacetime, including temporal/spatiotemporal symmetries.
Technical Communication for Environmental Action
Climate change is one of the most significant challenges facing the global community in the twenty-first century. With its position at the border of people, technology, science, and communication, technical communication has a significant role to play in helping to solve these complex environmental problems. This collection of essays engages scholars and practitioners in a conversation about how the field has contributed to pragmatic and democratic action to address climate change. Compared to most prior work--which offers theoretical perspectives of environmental communication--this collection explores the actual practice of international technical communicators who participate in government projects, corporate processes, nonprofit programs, and international agency work, demonstrating how technical communication theories such as participatory design, social justice, and ethics can help shape pragmatic environmental action. SUNY Press has collaborated with Knowledge Unlatched to unlock KU Focus Collection titles. The Knowledge Unlatched titles have been made open access through libraries coming together to crowd fund the publication cost. Each monograph has been released as open access making the eBook freely available to readers worldwide. Discover more about the Knowledge Unlatched program here: https: //www.knowledgeunlatched.org/. It can also be found in the SUNY Open Access Repository at https: //soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/8482 .
APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLlGENCE
Recently, we have witnessed a wave of emerging technologies, from Internet of things and blockchain to artificial intelligence, demonstrating significant potential to transform and disrupt multiple sectors. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to intelligence demonstrated by machines, while the natural intelligence is the intelligence displayed by humans and animals. AI is an umbrella term John McCarthy, a computer scientist, coined in 1955 and defined as "the science and engineering of intelligent machines." AI is the development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would require human intelligence. From ancient times, humans have been dreaming of creating artificial intelligence. AI represents the hopes and fears of an industry seeking more intelligent solutions. It has the potential to change everything. Today, AI is integrated into our daily lives in several forms, such as personal assistants, automated mass transportation, aviation, computer gaming, facial recognition at passport control, voice recognition on virtual assistants, driverless cars, companion robots, etc. This book is designed to help learners decode the mystery of artificial intelligence and its various applications. It provides researchers, students, and professionals a comprehensive introduction, benefits, and challenges for each application area of the AI technologies. The authors were motivated to write this book partly due to the lack of a single source of reference on the various applications of AI tools. Hence, the book will help a beginner to have an introductory knowledge about AI and its applications. The main objective of the authors is to provide a concise treatment that is easily digestible for each application. It is hoped that the book will be useful to practicing engineers, computer scientists, and information business managers.
Technology, Human Performance, and Nuclear Facilities
Technology, Human Performance, and Nuclear Facilities: A Systems Engineering Approach to Reduce Human Error provides a basic understanding of Human Error/Performance and its relation to industrial operations and advancing technologies incorporated into facilities.
Managing Engineered Assets
This textbook deals with engineering, science, technical, legal, financial, ICT, logistics and people management topics necessary for managing engineered assets such as all man-made tools, gadgets, buildings, equipment, machines, infrastructure, large-scale physical and industrial facilities and systems which pervade all sectors of industry. By coalescing concepts, principles, practices, and practical issues from the relevant multi-disciplines, the book addresses the body of knowledge required for managing engineered assets in the 4IR and Society 5.0 era and beyond.The book is written for: Scholars and students who intend to strengthen or acquire knowledge about the concepts, principles, and practice of managing engineered assets;Managers of engineered assets in both the public and private sectors who aim to improve asset management practice for their organisational purposes and missions;Policymakers and regulators in order to improve policymaking, governance, assessment and evaluation frameworks on the management of engineered assets;The broader audience concerned about the sustainable management of engineered assets that constitute our built environment and provide the means for industry and livelihood.
Advance in Friction Stir Processed Materials
This reprint presents the current state of knowledge and the latest advances in the development of microstructure and material properties using modern FSP (Friction Stir Processing) and related technologies such as FSW (Friction Stir Welding). The chapters of this reprint contain valuable results of research on changes in the microstructure and properties of materials caused by the use of the above technologies. Detailed analysis of these results allowed for the formulation of constructive conclusions of scientific and technological importance. The issues described in here present a significant cognitive and application potential and indicate the problems and implementation challenges faced by users of FSP and related technologies.
Technological Slavery
Logical, lucid, and direct, Technological Slavery radically reinvigorates and reforms the intellectual foundations of an age-old and resurgent world-view: "Progress" is a myth. Wild nature and humanity are fundamentally incompatible with technological growth. In Technological Slavery, Kaczynski argues that: (i) the unfolding human and environmental crises are the direct, inevitable result of technology itself; (ii) many of the stresses endured in contemporary life are not normal to the human condition, but unique to technological conditions; (iii) wilderness and human life close to nature are realistic and supreme ideals; and, (iv) a revolution to eliminate modern technology and attain these ideals is necessary and far more achievable than would first appear. Drawing on a broad range of disciplines, Kaczynski weaves together a set of visionary social theories to form a revolutionary perspective on the dynamics of history and the evolution of societies. The result is a comprehensive challenge to the fundamental values and assumptions of the modern technology-driven world, pinning the cause of the rapidly unfolding catastrophe on technology itself, while offering a realistic hope for ultimate recovery. Note: Theodore John Kaczynski does not receive any remuneration for this book.
Pneumatic and Hydrautic Conveying of Both Fly Ash and Bottom Ash
The intent of this book is to provide information on systems to convey the ash from coal-fired plants to be disposed of in an environmental way. It shows some very early systems, up to the most recent. It is a compilation of materials, equipment, and design of these systems. The book is largely written around modern ash handling systems and equipment. It is for engineers and plant managers to make improvements to existing systems.I, Howard G. Lownes Sr., wrote this book after spending over thirty years, designing equipment and systems, as well as evaluating problems in the field and making recommendations for upgrading equipment and systems to improve the efficiency of systems.
What are the potential causes of incorrect predictions of tropical cyclone intensification in medium-range ensemble forecasts?
Tropical cyclones (TC) are the most destructive weather phenomena in the world. These storm systems are common in large parts of highly populated tropics and subtropics with favorable atmospheric conditions. Society's vulnerability to them and the associated annual economic costs have risen steadily: mean worldwide insured losses averaged 75 billion USD per year in the 10 years between 2009 and 2019. Cinco et al. (2016) analyzed TC data and observed that in the period from 1951 to 2013, an average of 19.4 TCs entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility in the Western North Pacific, and nine TCs moved over the islands. Consequently, the Philippines have the highest number of landfalling storms and the highest rate of severe TC worldwide. In turn, the TCs that move over the islands into the South China Sea frequently affect the coast of Vietnam. Through a spatial assessment of TC vulnerability, Nguyen et al. (2019) have demonstrated a high or very high susceptibility in most parts of coastal Vietnam. The most extreme event over the WNP in the last century was Typhoon Haiyan, which caused 6,300 deaths and widespread economic and socioeconomic damage. This significant susceptibility implies the high importance of improving weather forecast models for greater predictive capability. In recent decades, the quality of forecasting tropical cyclone tracks has increased steadily at the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast and other numerical weather prediction centers. Nevertheless, intensity predictions still present more significant challenges.
Moddeshall Hydropower
The Scotch Brook Valley, and its tributary The ModdeshallValley proper, convey brisk and reliable watercourses thatfor centuries supported twelve traditional watermills.In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries most of these millswere used to grind animal bones and flint to supply theLongton fine bone china industry. Latterly, the uppermost mill generated electricity to lightthe hamlet of Moddeshall. James R Warren investigates the hydraulics and hydrologicalscience of this small English catchment to consider its revivalfor the generation of small-scale hydro-electricity supply.Traditional watermill scholarship and craft is re-evaluated interms of the physics of flowing water.Contains text, photographs, tabulations, engineering equations and geometrical diagrams.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Practice
This book focuses on a variety of interdisciplinary perspectives concerning the theory and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, medically oriented human biology, and healthcare. The list of topics includes the application of AI in biomedicine and clinical medicine, machine learning-based decision support, robotic surgery, data analytics and mining, laboratory information systems, and usage of AI in medical education. Special attention is given to the practical aspect of a study. Hence, the inclusion of a clinical assessment of the usefulness and potential impact of the submitted work is strongly highlighted.
Advances in Supercapacitor Technology and Applications Ⅱ
Energy storage is a key topic for research, industry, and business, which is gaining increasing interest. Any available energy-storage technology (batteries, fuel cells, flywheels, and so on) can cover a limited part of the power-energy plane and is characterized by some inherent drawback. Supercapacitors (also known as ultracapacitors, electrochemical capacitors, pseudocapacitors, or double-layer capacitors) feature exceptional capacitance values, creating new scenarios and opportunities in both research and industrial applications, partly because the related market is relatively recent. In practice, supercapacitors can offer a trade-off between the high specific energy of batteries and the high specific power of traditional capacitors. Developments in supercapacitor technology and supporting electronics, combined with reductions in costs, may revolutionize everything from large power systems to consumer electronics. The potential benefits of supercapacitors move from the progresses in the technological processes but can be effective by the availability of the proper tools for testing, modeling, diagnosis, sizing, management and technical-economic analyses. This book collects some of the latest developments in the field of supercapacitors, ranging from new materials to practical applications, such as energy storage, uninterruptible power supplies, smart grids, electrical vehicles, advanced transportation and renewable sources.
Simulation and Analysis of High Voltage Engineering in Power Systems
This book address important issues regarding the modelling and simulation tools and techniques that are applied in high-voltage engineering in modern power systems. The presented conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, and theoretical results are obtained in the area of high-voltage engineering. Special attention is given to protection methods against direct lightning strikes, partial discharge tests, discharges' influence on different structures, cable screening, and induced voltages, among others.
10th Anniversary of Nanomaterials
This reprint contains contributions focusing on recent developments in the design, synthesis, and characterization of nanocatalysts intended for applications in environmental protection and low carbon footprint power generation processes thanks to the overall effort of scientists and researchers for a cleaner and more sustainable future. New synthetic approaches to the production and in-depth characterization of innovative nanostructured composites and hybrid materials with well-controlled textural and surface chemistry properties that give performance advantages in a variety of important environmental and energy applications such as CO2 utilization/recycling, hydrogen and syngas production, biosensing, and biocatalysis as well as in ways to obtain useful materials from waste are included, among others. This reprint is the result of one of the cutting-edge Special Issues in the field of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology organized by Nanomaterials to celebrate its 10th anniversary.
AI in Education
Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the world as we know it. Recent advances are enabling people, companies, and governments to envision and experiment with new methods of interacting with computers and modifying how virtual and physical processes are carried out. One of the fields in which this transformation is taking place is education. After years of witnessing the incorporation of technological innovations into learning/teaching processes, we can currently observe many new research works involving AI. Moreover, there has been increasing interest in this research area after the COVID-19 pandemic, driven toward fostering digital education. Among recent research in this field, AI applications have been applied to enhance educational experiences, studies have considered the interaction between AI and humans while learning, analyses of educational data have been conducted, including using machine learning techniques, and proposals have been presented for new paradigms mediated by intelligent agents. This book, entitled "AI in Education", aims to highlight recent research in the field of AI and education. The included works discuss new advances in methods, applications, and procedures to enhance educational processes via artificial intelligence and its subfields (machine learning, neural networks, deep learning, cognitive computing, natural language processing, computer vision, etc.).
9th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space
This Special Issue book contains selected papers from works presented at the 9th EASN (European Aeronautics Science Network) International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space, which was held in Athens, Greece from the 3rd until the 6th of September, 2019. About 450 participants contributed to a high-level scientific gathering, providing some of the latest research results on the topic, as well as some of the latest relevant technological advancements. Eight interesting articles, which cover a wide range of topics including characterization, analysis and design, as well as numerical simulation, are contained in this Special Issue.
Process-Structure-Properties in Polymer Additive Manufacturing II
Additive manufacturing (AM) methods have grown and evolved rapidly in recent years. AM for polymers is particularly exciting and has great potential in transformative and translational research in many fields, such as biomedicine, aerospace, and even electronics. The current methods for polymer AM include material extrusion, material jetting, vat polymerization, and powder bed fusion. In this Special Issue, state-of-the-art reviews and current research results, which focus on the process-structure-properties relationships in polymer additive manufacturing, are reported. These include, but are not limited to, assessing the effect of process parameters, post-processing, and characterization techniques.
Novel Heterogeneous Catalysts for Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs)
With the increasing global usage of water and the continuous addition of contaminants to water sources, new challenges have arisen that are associated with the abatement of organic pollutants, particularly those that are refractory to conventional water and wastewater treatment technologies. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) present a competitive alternative to promote the oxidation of organic contaminants by strong oxidative radicals generated from oxygen, ozone, wet peroxide, and UV radiation. The use of catalysts not only improves efficiency but may present remarkable cost advantages for practical applications of AOPs in the abatement of several pollutants. In this Special Issue of Catalysts, we invite authors to submit original research papers focused on the synthesis and characterization of novel heterogeneous catalysts and their uses in advanced oxidation processes for the removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.
APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLlGENCE
Recently, we have witnessed a wave of emerging technologies, from Internet of things and blockchain to artificial intelligence, demonstrating significant potential to transform and disrupt multiple sectors. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to intelligence demonstrated by machines, while the natural intelligence is the intelligence displayed by humans and animals. AI is an umbrella term John McCarthy, a computer scientist, coined in 1955 and defined as "the science and engineering of intelligent machines." AI is the development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would require human intelligence. From ancient times, humans have been dreaming of creating artificial intelligence. AI represents the hopes and fears of an industry seeking more intelligent solutions. It has the potential to change everything. Today, AI is integrated into our daily lives in several forms, such as personal assistants, automated mass transportation, aviation, computer gaming, facial recognition at passport control, voice recognition on virtual assistants, driverless cars, companion robots, etc. This book is designed to help learners decode the mystery of artificial intelligence and its various applications. It provides researchers, students, and professionals a comprehensive introduction, benefits, and challenges for each application area of the AI technologies. The authors were motivated to write this book partly due to the lack of a single source of reference on the various applications of AI tools. Hence, the book will help a beginner to have an introductory knowledge about AI and its applications. The main objective of the authors is to provide a concise treatment that is easily digestible for each application. It is hoped that the book will be useful to practicing engineers, computer scientists, and information business managers.
Microwave Sensing and Imaging
In recent years, microwave sensing and imaging have acquired an ever-growing importance in several applicative fields, such as non-destructive evaluations in industry and civil engineering, subsurface prospection, security, and biomedical imaging. Indeed, microwave techniques allow, in principle, for information to be obtained directly regarding the physical parameters of the inspected targets (dielectric properties, shape, etc.) by using safe electromagnetic radiations and cost-effective systems. Consequently, a great deal of research activity has recently been devoted to the development of efficient/reliable measurement systems, which are effective data processing algorithms that can be used to solve the underlying electromagnetic inverse scattering problem, and efficient forward solvers to model electromagnetic interactions. Within this framework, this Special Issue aims to provide some insights into recent microwave sensing and imaging systems and techniques.
Challenges and Opportunities in Applied System Innovation
This book introduces and provides solutions to a variety of problems faced by society, companies and individuals in a quickly changing and technology-dependent world. The wide acceptance of artificial intelligence, the upcoming fourth industrial revolution and newly designed 6G technologies are seen as the main enablers and game changers in this environment. The book considers these issues not only from a technological viewpoint but also on how society, labor and the economy are affected, leading to a circular economy that affects the way people design, function and deploy complex systems.
An Effective Rigid Body Math Model
This technical brief summarizes an elegant algebraic description of rigid body position and attitude along with analytical derivatives associated with body motions. The equations presented here offer a fully general representation that is entirely singularity-free. The expressions capture all six degrees of freedom associated to a physical body within a math model containing exactly six free parameters based on the exponential map. A particularly pragmatic benefit is that the math model and all of its parameters have direct associations with physical characteristics that can be observed and/or measured directly by physical instrumentation and sensor systems. The expressions describing body position and attitude are necessarily non-linear, but have relatively simple forms on which simple numerical solution methods are exceptionally effective.
Machine Learning-Based Fault Diagnosis for Industrial Engineering Systems
This book provides advanced techniques for precision compensation and fault diagnosis of precision motion systems and rotating machinery. Techniques and applications through experiments and case studies for intelligent precision compensation and fault diagnosis are offered along with the introduction of machine learning and deep learning methods.
The 13th EFITA International Conference
These proceedings represent the scientific outcome of the 13th EFITA International Conference held on May 2021, which was organized by the European Federation for Information Technology in Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (EFITA). EFITA, for more than 20 years, has presented and disseminated cutting-edge research on advances in ICT systems in agriculture. The content of these proceedings brings together the efforts of engineers, scientists, technicians, academics and the industry through the exchange of knowledge and ideas, the presentation of innovations, and by discussing the state of the art and future use of ICT in the agri-food and bio-resources production sectors, under the theme of "Digital Agriculture".
