The Electric Tramcar Handbook for Motormen, Inspectors, and Depot Workers
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Electricity Made Easy
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A Wonderful Fifty Years
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Dynamos and Electric Motors. How to Make and Run Them
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National Electrical Safety Code
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German-English Dictionary for Electronics Engineers and Physicists, With a Patent-practice Vocabulary
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The Principles of Electrical Engineering and Their Application; Volume 2
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Electricity Meters
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Electricity at the Paris Exposition of 1889
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The Principles of Electrical Engineering and Their Application; Volume 2
Bluetooth 5.0 Modem Design for Iot Devices
This book provides an introduction to Bluetooth technology, with a specific focus on developing a hardware architecture for its modem. The major concepts and techniques involved in Bluetooth technology are discussed, with special emphasis on hardware mapping. The book starts simply to allow the reader to master quickly the basic concepts, before addressing the advanced features. This book differs from existing content in that it presents Bluetooth Transceiver architecture suitable for implementation in an FPGA for IoT Devices. It will examine several digital algorithms for modulation and demodulation of Bluetooth signals, locking on the carrier phase, and synchronizing the symbol. Many of these previously analog designs have been translated to the digital domain.
Advanced Energy Technologies and Systems I
Information Measurement System for Thermal Conductivity Studying.- Approaching a LFR Direct Steam Generation Power Plant Towards an Endoreversible Heat Engine.- Intelligent Control and Monitoring of Biomass Comminution Process with the Use of Genetic Algorithms.- Advances in Lignocellulosic Biomass Pretreatment Strategies.- Alternative Vehicle Fuels Management: Energy, Environmental and Economic Aspects.
Flexible Resources for Smart Cities
This book paves the road for researchers from various areas of engineering working in the realm of smart cities to discuss the intersections in these areas when it comes to infrastructure and its flexibility. The authors lay out models, algorithms and frameworks related to the 'smartness' in the future smart cities. In particular, manufacturing firms, electric generation, transmission and distribution utilities, hardware and software computer companies, automation and control manufacturing firms, and other industries will be able to use this book to enhance their energy operations, improve their comfort and privacy, as well as to increase the benefit from the electrical system. The book pertains to researchers, professionals, and R&D in an array of industries.
Single-Phase Electric Railways
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The Elements of Dynamic Electricity and Magnetism
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Single-Phase Electric Railways
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Electrical Utilization Safety Orders
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Handbuch Der Astronomischen Instrumentenkunde
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Recent Progress in Dynamo-Electric Machines
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Alternating-Current Machine Design
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The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla
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Elementary Lectures on Electric Discharges, Waves and Impulses, and Other Transients
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The ABC of Railroad Signaling
The Shelf2Life Trains & Railroads Collection provides a unique opportunity for researchers and railroad enthusiasts to easily access and explore pre-1923 titles focusing on the history, culture and experience of railroading. From the revolution of the steam engine to the thrill of early travel by rail, railroads opened up new opportunities for commerce, American westward expansion and travel. These books provide a unique view of the impact of this type of transportation on our urban and rural societies and cultures, while allowing the reader to share the experience of early railroading in a new and unique way. The Trains & Railroads Collection offers a valuable perspective on this important and fascinating aspect of modern industrialization.
The ABC of Railroad Signaling
The Shelf2Life Trains & Railroads Collection provides a unique opportunity for researchers and railroad enthusiasts to easily access and explore pre-1923 titles focusing on the history, culture and experience of railroading. From the revolution of the steam engine to the thrill of early travel by rail, railroads opened up new opportunities for commerce, American westward expansion and travel. These books provide a unique view of the impact of this type of transportation on our urban and rural societies and cultures, while allowing the reader to share the experience of early railroading in a new and unique way. The Trains & Railroads Collection offers a valuable perspective on this important and fascinating aspect of modern industrialization.
Elementary Lectures on Electric Discharges, Waves and Impulses, and Other Transients
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Handbook of the Eurolaser Academy
1 Basic Laser Mechanisms.- 2 Optics, Resonators and Beams.- 3 Carbon Dioxide Lasers.- 4 Solid State Lasers.- 5 Excimer Lasers.- 6 Semiconductor Lasers.- 7 Safety.- 8 Beam Manipulation.
Handbook of the EuroLaser Academy
1 Interaction Phenomena.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Energy coupling.- 1.3 Interaction phenomena.- 1.4 Significance of coupling and interaction phenomena in laser treatment processes.- 1.5 References.- 2 Materials and Workpiece Classification.- 2.1 General aspects.- 2.2 Crystalline materials.- 2.3 Material classes and their properties.- 2.4 Laser treatment.- 2.5 Testing of materials.- 2.6 Seam geometry workpiece classification.- 2.7 Technological considerations.- 2.8 References.- 3 Cutting.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Process characteristics, advantages, disadvantages.- 3.3 Principles and theory in laser cutting.- 3.4 Productivity and obtainable cut qualities.- 3.5 Processing parameters.- 3.6 Safety in laser cutting.- 3.7 System types.- 3.8 Industrial applications.- 3.9 References.- 4 Welding.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Heat sources produced by laser beams.- 4.3 Behaviour of materials during laser welding.- 4.4 Engineering applications.- 4.5 Parameters to consider in the economic analysis of laser welding.- 4.6 References.- 5 Heat Treatment.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2. Process systematic of laser surface treatments.- 5.3 Conclusions and final remarks.- 5.4 Acknowledgements.- 5.5 References.- 6 Forming and Rapid Prototyping.- 6.1 The laser forming process.- 6.2 Process simulation.- 6.3 Applications and similar processes.- 6.4 List of variables.- 6.5 References.- 7 Marking and Scribing.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Marking methods.- 7.3 Systems.- 7.4 Economic aspects.- 7.5 References.- 8 Precision Ablation Processing.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Ablation mechanisms.- 8.3 Material interactions and applications.- 8.4 Laser ablation systems.- 8.5 Economical aspects.- 8.6 References.- 8.7 List of symbols.- 9 Drilling.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Mechanisms, models and techniques.- 9.3 Applications in the gas turbine industry.- 9.4 Other applications.- 9.5 References.- 10 Economics.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 The laser process in perspective.- 10.3 Economic factors.- 10.4 Assessment methods.- 10.5 Case studies.- 10.6 Summary.- 10.7 Further reading.- 11 Assessment of Technology.- 11.1 Assessment of laser technology.- 11.2 Competing technologies.- 11.3 Assessment of laser machines.- 11.4 Test methods for laser systems.- 11.5 Quality evaluation of laser processed components.- 11.6 Basic economic considerations.- 11.7 References.- 12 Modelling.- 12.1 Basic equations and techniques.- 12.2 Analytical models.- 12.3 Numerical solutions.- 12.4 Semi quantitative models.- 12.5 References.
Reactive Navigation with Sensor Fusion and Geometric Optimization for Map-Based Path Planning. A Systematic Point-to-Point Navigation for AGV
Master's Thesis from the year 2022 in the subject Engineering - Robotics, grade: 9, course: Computer Science and Engineering, language: English, abstract: This book presents analysis of various intelligent approaches, including applicable heuristic graph theoretic and bio inspired techniques for achieving optimal point-to-point navigation. Usage of LiDAR and RGB-D sensor data as source input has been preferred, ensuring total workspace coverage and minimization of action performed by the robot in carrying out realistic applications in certain congested environment. Sampling-based approaches which use arbitrary information gain formulation and Learning-based techniques, both are studied extensively. Uniform Sampling-based techniques are found feasible in exploring the state space without any complexity in geometrically modeling the configuration area ensuring embedded intelligence into the mobile robots in finding optimal execution. The navigation over both static as well as dynamic obstacles are analysed and the observations are presented in a comparative manner. For dynamic environment, it is somewhat comparatively difficult for achieving proper path navigation. VSLAM (Visual Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) uses the data captured by externally perceived sensors for the purpose of self-locating and simultaneous map-building leading to understanding the unknown environment. This thesis also proposes a keen way to detect onroute obstacles using training of model through adversarial neural network along with 3D reconstruction of a concerned surrounding followed by memory tracing of already explored path by the mobile agent for ease in achievement of optimized path from start to desired goal position. In case of GPS-denied indoor environment primarily the robot works based on its first hand sensor data, for example, proximity analysis, distance measure etc. In various scientific works it is observed that indoor robots face not only constraint space challenge
Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of Integrated Circuits
Device Simulation and Applications.- Hydrodynamical Model for GaAs Semiconductors Based on the Maximum Entropy Principle with Application to Electronic Devices.- Modeling and Simulation of Electro-Quasistatic Fields.- Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit System Design for UMTS Terminal Receivers.- Finite-element Discretizations of Semiconductor Energy-transport Equations.- Circuit Simulation and DAE's.- An Embedding Approach for the Simulation of Electronic Circuits with Widely Seperated Time Scales.- Actual Problems of Circuit Simulation in Industry.- Periodic Steady State Computation with the Poincar矇-map Method.- Periodic AC and Periodic Noise in RF Simulation for Electronic Circuit Design.- Differential Algebraic Systems with Properly Stated Leading Term and MNA Equations.- A Parallel Finite Difference Method for Multirate Partial Differential Algebraic Equations.- Feasibility Regions and their Significance to the Hierarchical Optimization of Analog and Mixed-Signal Systems.- Coupling of Devices and Circuits.- Modeling and Discretization of a Thermal-Electric Test Circuit.- A Refined PDAE Network Model for a CMOS Ring Oscillator.- Parasitics Reduction for Analog Circuit Simulation.- Modeling Circuit Systems Coupled with Distributed Semiconductor Equations.- Circuits with Stochastic Sources.- Transient Noise Simulation: Modeling and Simulation of 1/ f-Noise.- Noise Analysis of Nonlinear Electrical Circuits and Devices.- On Parametric Test Design for Analog Integrated Circuits considering Error in Measurement and Stimulus.- Stochastic DAEs in Circuit Simulation.- Advanced Mathematical Tools.- An Efficient Way to Avoid the Order Reduction of Linearly Implicit Runge-Kutta Methods for Nonlinear IBVP's.- Solution of Linear Systems with Sparse Matrices.- The Performances of the Code TOM on the Holt Problem.
Advances in Computer Recognition, Image Processing and Communications, Selected Papers from CORES 2021 and IP&C 2021
As almost all human activities have been moved online due to the pandemic, novel robust and efficient approaches and further research have been in higher demand in the field of computer science and telecommunication.Therefore, this (reprint) book contains 13 high-quality papers presenting advancements in theoretical and practical aspects of computer recognition, pattern recognition, image processing and machine learning (shallow and deep), including, in particular, novel implementations of these techniques in the areas of modern telecommunications and cybersecurity.
Processing-In-Memory for AI
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to processing-in-memory (PIM) technology, from its architectures to circuits implementations on multiple memory types and describes how it can be a viable computer architecture in the era of AI and big data. The authors summarize the challenges of AI hardware systems, processing-in-memory (PIM) constraints and approaches to derive system-level requirements for a practical and feasible PIM solution. The presentation focuses on feasible PIM solutions that can be implemented and used in real systems, including architectures, circuits, and implementation cases for each major memory type (SRAM, DRAM, and ReRAM).
Embedded Software Design
Design higher-quality embedded software from concept through production. This book assumes basic C and microcontroller programming knowledge and is organized into three critical areas: Software Architecture and Design; Agile, DevOps, and Processes; and Development and Coding Skills.You'll start with a basic introduction to embedded software architecture and the considerations for a successful design. The book then breaks down how to architect an RTOS-based application and explore common design patterns and building blocks. Next, you'll review embedded software design processes such as TDD, CI/CD, modeling, and simulation that can be used to accelerate development. Finally, the book will examine how to select a microcontroller, write configurable code, coding strategies, techniques, and tools developers can't live without. Embedded systems are typically designed using microcontrollers to build electronic systems with a dedicated function and real-time responses. Modern systems need to carefully balance a complex set of features, manage security, and even run machine learning inferences while maintaining reasonable costs, scalability, and robustness. By the end of this book, you will have a defined development process, understand modern software architecture, and be equipped to start building embedded systems. What You'll LearnUnderstand what sound embedded system design is and how to employ itExplore modern development processes for quality systemsKnow where the bits hit the silicon: how to select a microcontrollerMaster techniques to write configurable, automated codeWho This Book Is For Embedded software and hardware engineers, enthusiasts, or any stakeholders who would like to learn modern techniques for designing and building embedded systems.
Algorithmic Mechanism Design for Internet of Things Services Market
Chapter1. Introduction.- Chapter2. Literature Review.- Chapter 3. Profit Maximization Mechanism and Data Management for Data Analytics Services.- Chapter 4. Auction Mechanisms in Cloud/Fog Computing Resource Allocation for Public Blockchain Networks.- Chapter 5. Mechanism Design for Wireless Powered Spatial Crowdsourcing Networks.- Chapter 6. Summary and Future Work.
Multi-Gigahertz Nyquist Analog-To-Digital Converters
This book proposes innovative circuit, architecture, and system solutions in deep-scaled CMOS and FinFET technologies, which address the challenges in maximizing the accuracy*speed/power of multi-GHz sample rate and bandwidth Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC)s. A new holistic approach is introduced that first identifies the major error sources of a converter' building blocks, and quantitatively analyzes their impact on the overall performance, establishing the fundamental circuit-imposed accuracy - speed - power limits. The analysis extends to the architecture level, by introducing a mathematical framework to estimate and compare the accuracy - speed - power limits of several ADC architectures and variants. To gain system-level insight, time-interleaving is covered in detail, and a framework is also introduced to compare key metrics of interleaver architectures quantitatively. The impact of technology is also considered by adding process effects from several deep-scaled CMOS technologies. The validity of the introduced analytical approach and the feasibility of the proposed concepts are demonstrated by four silicon prototype Integrated Circuits (IC)s, realized in ultra-deep-scaled CMOS and FinFET technologies.Introduces a new, holistic approach for the analysis and design of high-performance ADCs in deep-scaled CMOS technologies, from theoretical concepts to silicon bring-up and verification;Describes novel methods and techniques to push the accuracy - speed - power boundaries of multi-GHz ADCs, analyzing core and peripheral circuits' trade-offs across the entire ADC chain;Supports the introduced analysis and design concepts by four state-of-the-art silicon prototype ICs, implemented in 28nm bulk CMOS and 16nm FinFET technologies;Provides a useful reference and a valuable tool for beginners as well as experienced ADC design engineers.
Electric Fuses
Fuses are designed to overheat and burn out extremely rapidly in case of a shortcut within electric equipment; they thus interrupt the flow of power, preventing damage to the equipment. They are needed for various power electric systems, for stationary and automotive applications, as well as power grid components like PV systems and distribution lines. Different types of equipment and voltages require special fuses, and their behaviour must be understood to guarantee correct choice and safe operation.For the 3rd edition in 2004, Wright's and Newbery's classic had been revised to include e.g. pre-arcing and arcing behaviour, retrofitting of fuses, chip and automotive fuses, and IGBT protection. Edition 4 updates include standards and new applications such as PV systems, battery storage and EV. Data and standards descriptions and many of the illustrations have been revised and updated. The established structure of the book as comprehensive reference has been maintained.
Understandable Electronic Devices
An electronic device is a physical component of an electronic circuit or system, which is used to affect electrons and their associated fields in accordance with the function of that system. Such systems have a very broad range of applications, the main ones being information processing, telecommunication, and signal processing. This book covers the principles and functions of commonly-used electronic devices from the simplest diodes to more sophisticated active filters, oscillators and voltage regulators.Reviewing key concepts in modern electronics, this book is a valuable resource for anyone needing an overview of the principles of electronic devices, or to review or update their knowledge in this field.
Attacks and Defenses for the Internet-Of-Things
This book constitutes the post-conference proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Attacks and Defenses for Internet-of-Things, ADIoT 2022, held in conjunction with ESORICS 2022, in Copenhagen, Denmark, in September 30, 2022, in hybrid mode.The 7 full papers and 3 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. This workshop focuses on IoT attacks and defenses and discusses either practical or theoretical solutions to identify IoT vulnerabilities and IoT security mechanisms.
Consensus Over Switching Network Topology: Characterizing System Parameters and Joint Connectivity
This book aims to extend existing works on consensus of multi-agent systems systematically. The agents to be considered range from double integrators to generic linear systems. The primary goal is to explicitly characterize how agent parameters, which reflect both self-dynamics and inner coupling of each agent, and switching network topologies jointly influence the collective behaviors. A series of necessary and/or sufficient conditions for exponential consensus are derived. The contents of this book are as follows. Chapter 1 provides the background and briefly reviews the advances of consensus of multi-agent systems. Chapter 2 addresses the consensus problem of double integrators over directed switching network topologies. It is proven that exponential consensus can be secured under very mild conditions incorporating the damping gain and network topology. Chapter 3 considers generic linear systems with undirected switching network topologies. Necessary and sufficient conditions on agent parameters and connectivity of the communication graph for exponential consensus are provided. Chapter 4 furthers the study of consensus for multiple generic linear systems by considering directed switching network topologies. How agent parameters and joint connectivity work together for reaching consensus is characterized from an algebraic and geometric view. Chapter 5 extends the design and analysis methodology to containment control problem, where there exist multiple leaders. A novel analysis framework from the perspective of state transition matrix is developed. This framework relates containment to consensus and overcomes the difficulty of construction of a containment error.This book serves as a reference to the main research issues and results on consensus of multi-agent systems. Some prerequisites for reading this book include linear system theory, matrix theory, mathematics, and so on.
Rotating Machinery Reliability for Technicians and Engineers
Because many companies expend so few resources on training, new engineers, technicians, and analysts are often ill-prepared to tackle real-world problems and produce real-world solutions. And when it comes to large, expensive machinery, every minute of downtime can translate into the loss of millions of dollars.Rotating Machinery Reliability for Technicians and Engineers is a compilation of those problems encountered daily by large manufacturers, delving deep into machinery fault analysis, with a concentration on vibration, bearings, and electrical issues that cause large problems. The work contains more than 50 case studies with the actual data and solutions, along with industry standards and best practices, covering what works, and perhaps more importantly, what doesn't work--all the result of the author's 45+ years in the field. It features a chapter on diagnosing and solving electric discharge machining damage in ball bearings.FeaturesRounding out the incredible package is an affiliated website, www.rotatingmachinereliability.com, with invaluable resources for the technician and engineer: On-the-job videos, detailing exact specifications for analysis and troubleshooting.Spreadsheets for designing dynamic absorbers, estimating thermal growth, and calculating steel balance weight and weight removalTechnical white papers on the elimination of electrical discharge damage and designing rotating machinery foundationsDirections for implementing the latest technology using amplified motion to quantify operation deflection shapes.Praise for this Book...This is the book I wish I had when I started in the industry.""Hands-down the best work I've ever seen, making difficult concepts easy to understand, and offering tremendous value to beginners and experienced techs/engineers alike.""A must-read for anyone involved in rotating equipment reliability, especially new technicians.""A wonderful, helpful tool that has helped my team understand how to troubleshoot vibration issues in the field."Shows how analysts of 5 or 50 years in the field can help themselves in their approach to investigating potential issues in plant machinery."
Advances in Fault Detection and Diagnosis Using Filtering Analysis
The book provides fault detection and diagnosis approaches from the perspective of filtering analysis. In order to design fault detection filters, it uses set-membership principles to deal with the unknown but bounded noise term. Some regular geometric spaces are introduced, such as the ellipsoid, polyhedron, interval, to describe the feasible parameter sets of the given system. Both principles and engineering practice have been addressed, with more weight placed on engineering practice. Some typical application cases are studied for fault detection and diagnosis in detail, which are power converter, permanent magnet synchronous motor, pitch system of wind turbine. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for students, teachers, engineers and researchers in the field of fault detection and diagnosis.
Wide Band Antenna Array for Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2020 in the subject Electrotechnology, language: English, abstract: In this thesis, a PSO optimization algorithm is applied using a developed technique to synthesize the radiation patterns required for high-resolution land imaging SAR and satellite communications using planar rectangular or concentric circular arrays. The goal of the PSO algorithm is to get the excitation coefficients of the array elements, which are, then, Microstrip patch antennas with linear or circular polarization are proposed to construct the synthesized-beam arrays required for the considered application. A wide band rectangular patch antenna with U-slot is proposed for planar arrays with linear polarization. A square patch antenna with four truncated corners and four axial slots is designed for planar rectangular and circular arrays. Finally, a square patch antenna with two L-shaped slots inserted at diagonally opposite corners is designed for planar concentric circular arrays. Turnstile arrays of either dipole elements or U-slotted microstrip patch antennas excited with circulating phase shift are proposed to construct planar arrays with circular polarization for land-imaging SAR systems and satellite communications. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is used for remote sensing to create two-dimensional images of land covers on the earth's surface. Such a land-imaging system has a great importance in many civilian and military applications. The SAR uses the radar antenna to scan a ground area to provide microwave images with fine spatial resolution. The SAR is typically mounted on an aircraft or spacecraft, and usually has a form of side-looking radar. It uses the Doppler and time delay information of the ground reflected wave to generate a two-dimensional image with the desired azimuth resolution (direction of motion) and range resolution (normal to the direction of motion), respectively. The SAR operation requires a physical antenna of radiati
High-Frequency Vacuum Electron Devices
Vacuum electron devices at frequencies of millimeter waves and terahertz play highly important roles in the modern high-data rate and broadband communication systems, high-resolution detection and imaging, medical diagnostics, magnetically confined nuclear fusion, etc. For the fast motion velocity of electrons in the vacuum medium, they have the advantages of high power and high efficiency, as well as compactness, compared with other present radiation sources, such as solid-state devices.We established the Special Issue of "High-Frequency Vacuum Electron Devices" with the aim of enhancing the exchange of research information on the theory, design, simulation, processes, and development of these devices to promote their applications, and to attract young researchers and engineers starting out in this important field, which is still vital on the basis of modern electronic science and information technology.
