A Guide To Conversation In English And Armenian
"A Guide To Conversation In English And Armenian" is a practical manual designed to aid learners in acquiring conversational skills in both English and Armenian. Intended for students, travelers, and anyone seeking to bridge communication between these two languages, this guide offers a structured approach to mastering everyday dialogues. Ambrosios Galfayean presents a collection of useful phrases, vocabulary, and grammatical insights, making it an invaluable resource for those navigating cross-cultural interactions. Whether you're a beginner or looking to refine your language proficiency, this book serves as a stepping stone to confident and effective communication.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The English Reader
"The English Reader," by Lindley Murray, is a comprehensive anthology of prose and verse selections designed to cultivate refined reading skills. Featuring excerpts from the best writers, this collection aims to improve elocution and foster an appreciation for literary excellence. The book includes preliminary observations on the principles of good reading, offering practical guidance for students and educators alike.A valuable resource for those seeking to master the art of reading and public speaking, "The English Reader" remains a testament to the enduring power of well-crafted language and thoughtful instruction. It serves as a cornerstone for developing strong communication skills and a lifelong love of literature.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Collection Of Proverbs, And Proverbial Phrases In The Persian And Hindoostanee Languages
"A Collection Of Proverbs, And Proverbial Phrases In The Persian And Hindoostanee Languages" presents a fascinating compilation of traditional wisdom from Persian and Hindustani cultures. This first volume offers a rich tapestry of sayings and expressions, providing insight into the values, beliefs, and everyday life of the people who speak these languages. Collected anonymously, these proverbs serve as a window into the historical and cultural contexts from which they emerged. Readers interested in linguistics, cultural studies, or simply those seeking timeless wisdom will find this collection both enlightening and enjoyable. The book preserves and celebrates the enduring power of language to convey profound truths in concise and memorable forms.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Rhetoric, Intersectionality, and Black Women in Pittsburgh,
In this book, Tahirah J. Walker provides an analysis of how Black women in Pittsburgh navigate the public sphere through an examination of the ways that intersecting identities shape discourse, silence, and reclamation. The author draws from historical events, personal narratives, and community case studies to take a deep look at the intersectional marginalization, resistance and transformation journeys of Black women in a city deemed most unlivable for them. Walker amplifies unique presentations of language, silence and reclamation as they are negotiated via race, gender, and class. The book serves as testimony to the way intersectionality is turned on its head in Pittsburgh to create spaces of love and freedom through fearless speech (parrhesia), strategic listening, and community engagement practices. At its heart, this project is a love letter to every Black woman who has lived in Pittsburgh and asked herself why, affirming that while so much research exists on the struggles of being a Black woman in this city, it is equally important to recognize the innovations and triumphs.
From Surviving to Metaviving
As treatments have advanced, metastatic breast cancer has become a disease that some women can live with for years, which has changed the language that women use to discuss living with this form of breast cancer as discussed in this book. Using the framework of Celeste Condit's rhetorical formations, which includes uses of metaphors, topics, and values, among other rhetorical features, the author examines how language has shifted from one of war and survivor rhetoric to that of metavivor rhetoric, which includes metaphors of water and prison, among others. Another hallmark of this emerging rhetorical formation is existing in a state of liminality where the cancer neither progresses nor retreats, leading to women experiencing time differently. By examining how women discuss living with cancer in an online breast cancer support group, the author analyzes the language shifts taking place and argues that women have moved from the dominant war/survivor rhetorical formation to one grounded in metavivor rhetoric. Within this evolution comes an understanding of what it means to live with a chronic, yet ultimately, terminal, illness and an acknowledgment of the impact that their lives' perceived time has on these language choices.
The Language of Art and Artists
This book brings together the research of leading scholars who explore the complex interplay between language and art. Employing a diversity of methods--including systemic functional linguistics, corpus analysis, multimodal analysis, genre analysis, discourse analysis, and cognitive linguistics--this edited collection offers fresh perspectives on the role of textual practices in shaping artistic production, interpretation, and engagement across a range of cultural and institutional contexts. The chapters examine a wide range of written and spoken texts, including artists' statements, art reviews, painting titles, museum press releases, artists' websites, guided tours, audio descriptions, and artist talks. This timely volume is relevant for students, teachers, and researchers in language and applied linguistics, discourse analysis and visual arts, as well as those in the areas of art theory and curatorial studies. It will also appeal to academic literacies and ESP (English for Specific Purposes) practitioners supporting visual arts students worldwide.
Integrating Language and Culture
Foreign language proficiency and cultural understanding are and will remain critical skills for United States Army personnel. The Department of Defense (DoD) has recognized the importance of foreign language skills to national security. Future conflicts will be asymmetrical with more ethnic and religious issues as the source of conflict. An understanding of language and culture is just as important as understanding the enemy order of battle. However, accurately anticipating future linguist requirements is a formidable task. This monograph determines whether or not the United States Army has sufficient foreign language and culture skills to meet its requirements. If not, this paper will offer possible solutions to the problem and recommendations as to what changes can be made to ensure that the Army continues to produce personnel capable of responding to the threats facing the nation. The thesis is that an understanding of language and culture are an integral part of military operations. Because language is a subset of culture, acquiring a foreign language means that a knowledge of culture is acquired at the same time. The Army must sustain an adequate corps of language trained and regionally oriented personnel in order to remain prepared to face the threats of the COE (Contemporary Operating Environment).This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Listening to Beauty
A moving study of how encounters with beauty advance scientific discovery. Our attempts to understand the world are always more than simply rational. Our bodies learn through lived experience, our natural environments challenge what we think we know, and we take lessons from our nonhuman kin. Even scientists, often considered paragons of rationality, frequently describe their findings in the language of beauty. For rhetorician Megan Poole, beauty is integral to how scientific research works. Drawing on interviews with leading biologists, Poole explores what happens when scientists set aside objectivity and listen for beauty around them. The wonder we feel at the plumage of birds, the melodies of whales, or the caretaking of elephants may not help us (on its own) to isolate a given fact, but such encounters may teach us to open ourselves to a different way of knowing entirely. Through stories about researchers' encounters with wonder, Listening to Beauty reveals how scientific discovery happens sometimes unsystematically, sometimes incoherently, often beautifully.
Lost in Automatic Translation
The last decade has seen an exponential increase in the development and adoption of language technologies, from personal assistants such as Siri and Alexa, through automatic translation, to chatbots like ChatGPT. Yet questions remain about what we stand to lose or gain when we rely on them in our everyday lives. As a non-native English speaker living in an English-speaking country, Vered Shwartz has experienced both amusing and frustrating moments using language technologies: from relying on inaccurate automatic translation, to failing to activate personal assistants with her foreign accent. English is the world's foremost go-to language for communication, and mastering it past the point of literal translation requires acquiring not only vocabulary and grammar rules, but also figurative language, cultural references, and nonverbal communication. Will language technologies aid us in the quest to master foreign languages and better understand one another, or will they make language learning obsolete?
Conversation in World Englishes
Turn-taking is a fascinating feature of conversational interaction, due to its systematic and ordered nature. However, research has so far focused mainly on American and British conversations, with other varieties of English receiving much less attention. This pioneering book addresses this gap by exploring turn-taking patterns and cultural variation in Southeast Asian and Caribbean English. Bringing together research from the fields of Conversation Analysis and World Englishes for the first time, Neumaier conducts an empirical study based on authentic audio data of interactions in these global varieties of English, and demonstrates that conversational strategies differ between speaker groups with different cultural backgrounds. Shedding new light on the impact of cultural and sociolinguistic factors on conversational patterns, it is essential reading for advanced students and scholars interested in language, variation, and social interaction, as well as those working in the fields of Conversation Analysis, Interactional Linguistics, and World Englishes.
Constituent Order in Language and Thought
Traditionally, due to the availability of technology, psycholinguistic research has focused mainly on Western languages. However, this focus has recently shifted towards a more diverse range of languages, whose structures often throw into question many previous assumptions in syntactic theory and language processing. Based on a case study in field-based comparative psycholinguistics, this pioneering book is the first to explore the neurocognition of endangered 'object-before-subject' languages, such as Kaqchikel and Seediq. It draws on a range of methods - including linguistic fieldwork, theoretical linguistic analysis, corpus research, questionnaire surveys, behavioural experiments, eye tracking, event-related brain potentials, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and near-infrared spectroscopy - to consider preferred constituent orders in both language and thought, examining comprehension as well as production. In doing so, it highlights the importance of field-based cross-linguistic cognitive neuroscientific research in uncovering universal and language-particular aspects of the human language faculty, and the interaction between language and thought.
Lost in Automatic Translation
The last decade has seen an exponential increase in the development and adoption of language technologies, from personal assistants such as Siri and Alexa, through automatic translation, to chatbots like ChatGPT. Yet questions remain about what we stand to lose or gain when we rely on them in our everyday lives. As a non-native English speaker living in an English-speaking country, Vered Shwartz has experienced both amusing and frustrating moments using language technologies: from relying on inaccurate automatic translation, to failing to activate personal assistants with her foreign accent. English is the world's foremost go-to language for communication, and mastering it past the point of literal translation requires acquiring not only vocabulary and grammar rules, but also figurative language, cultural references, and nonverbal communication. Will language technologies aid us in the quest to master foreign languages and better understand one another, or will they make language learning obsolete?
Entanglements
This book explores the ways in which language is understood in diverse contexts, and how linguistic theories - and the idea of language as an object - fail to represent a reality that is inherently multi- and trans-. The chapters tease out the way that an understanding of language as a social practice, and the central role of the speaker(s) and their repertoire, allows for a more nuanced interpretation of language in contexts ranging from English as an international 'neutral' language in research and teaching, to the importance of life trajectories and multilingualism in the development of theoretical perspectives. The book offers a glimpse of a decolonial linguistics that recognizes the importance of entanglement - between languages, between the North and South and between the personal and the theoretical.
The Discourse of Comfort in Chinese Online Medical Consultations
This book integrates perspectives from Conversation Analysis and discursive psychology to shed light on doctor-patient communication in asynchronous web-based interactions through the lens of the discourse of comfort.
Introducing Systemic Functional Linguistics
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), covering key concepts and contributions to the field, and instructing beginners to apply SFL to different areas.
In the Shadow of the Author
For centuries, scholars have approached ancient Hebrew and Syriac languages in an effort to better understand the voices of their authors and situate their writing in their appropriate historical and cultural contexts. In the Shadow of the Author continues this enduring practice by sharing contemporary approaches to uncovering meaning in historical texts from a linguistic perspective and with special emphasis on translation technique and methods in lexicography and linguistic analysis.
Entanglements
This book explores the ways in which language is understood in diverse contexts, and how linguistic theories - and the idea of language as an object - fail to represent a reality that is inherently multi- and trans-. The chapters tease out the way that an understanding of language as a social practice, and the central role of the speaker(s) and their repertoire, allows for a more nuanced interpretation of language in contexts ranging from English as an international 'neutral' language in research and teaching, to the importance of life trajectories and multilingualism in the development of theoretical perspectives. The book offers a glimpse of a decolonial linguistics that recognizes the importance of entanglement - between languages, between the North and South and between the personal and the theoretical.
Introducing Systemic Functional Linguistics
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), covering key concepts and contributions to the field, and instructing beginners to apply SFL to different areas.
The Cambridge Handbook of Multilingual Education
Although multilingual education is still a relatively new field, it has already become a solid and dynamic area of academic investigation growing worldwide. Bringing together a stellar line-up of leading experts, this Handbook covers a wide range of topics crucial for understanding the concept of multilingual education and its implementation. It includes a wide range of overviews and case studies from diverse systems of education from across the globe, to help facilitate effective multilingual instruction relevant in the realities of local and global contexts. All chapters are written in a knowledgeable, yet accessible, style, and the theory is introduced step-by-step, to provide a rich resource for classroom instructors worldwide. It will serve as the principal text for many of the rapidly increasing multilingual programmes, degrees, courses and seminars devoted to multilingual education in tertiary institutions worldwide, as well as a reference text for instructors in primary and secondary education.
Liquid Languages
Which ideas about language are prevalent in cultures that are not framed in Western nationalist and literate traditions? How do people conceptualise language if speakers of the same community are multilingual, have access to different language resources and only partially share ideas about what is right and wrong in language? This book explores the 'liquid' properties of language, highlighting how languages, as discursive-material assemblages, can differ in their degree of fixity. It provides a linguistic anthropological study of the language ideologies in Belize, where ethnic belonging and language practice do not necessarily match and where stable language norms are not always considered a value. Scrutinising ethnographic data and examinations of local performances of English, it shows that languages emerge in relation to belonging, prestige and material culture. Bringing to the fore liquid language cultures, it provides important additions to our understanding of late modern language assemblages in a globalising world.
The Language Work of Speechwriters
The work of speechwriters is prominent in political discourse, yet the writers themselves remain in the shadows of the powerful, public figures they work for. This book throws the spotlight on these invisible wordsmiths, illuminating not only what they do, but also why it matters. Based on ethnographic research in the US American speechwriting community, it investigates the ways in which speechwriters talk about their professional practices, and also the material procedures which guide the production of their deliverables. Relying on a robust collection of various genres of discursive data, Mapes focuses on the primary rhetorical strategies which characterize speechwriters' discourse, neatly exposing how they are beholden to a linguistic marketplace entrenched in ideological and socioeconomic struggle. Providing fascinating insights into an understudied and relatively misunderstood profession, this book is essential reading for academic researchers and students in applied linguistics, discourse studies, linguistic and cultural anthropology, and sociolinguistics.
The Language Work of Speechwriters
The work of speechwriters is prominent in political discourse, yet the writers themselves remain in the shadows of the powerful, public figures they work for. This book throws the spotlight on these invisible wordsmiths, illuminating not only what they do, but also why it matters. Based on ethnographic research in the US American speechwriting community, it investigates the ways in which speechwriters talk about their professional practices, and also the material procedures which guide the production of their deliverables. Relying on a robust collection of various genres of discursive data, Mapes focuses on the primary rhetorical strategies which characterize speechwriters' discourse, neatly exposing how they are beholden to a linguistic marketplace entrenched in ideological and socioeconomic struggle. Providing fascinating insights into an understudied and relatively misunderstood profession, this book is essential reading for academic researchers and students in applied linguistics, discourse studies, linguistic and cultural anthropology, and sociolinguistics.
Pluriversal Applied Linguistics
Drawing on extensive research in a marginalized community in Bogot獺, Colombia, and informed by engagements with diverse communities from diverse contexts, this book offers a groundbreaking perspective on pluriversal applied linguistics for language teaching and research. Through critical ethnography and decolonial praxis, it challenges binary views of language, advocating for a more inclusive and relational approach to linguistic education. By embracing epistemologies from the Global South, this book unlocks new possibilities for language learning, teaching, and research, fostering a more equitable and socially just future in education.
Interpreting, Communication and Animal Welfare
Animal welfare work is, arguably, the key locus of interspecific communication and offers a most valuable opportunity to understand what is involved in intersemiotic transmutations. As such, this book introduces the reader to an in-depth understanding of such transmutations by supplementing relevant semiotic and translation theory with data obtained from equine-focused animal welfare outreach events in South Africa. By acknowledging the influence of biosemiotics and ecosemiotics on translation and interpreting studies, this book, in a non-anthropocentric manner, explores the social and cultural construction of living beings and the impact of this construction on their treatment by a particular society. As a result, it sheds light on instances of not only interlingual, intralingual and intersemiotic translation, but also interspecies translation, organisms' agency, and translational aids that allow for translation to take place.
Emerging Languages of Indian Sub-Continent
India's linguistic roots are essential to its cultural, historical, and social identity. The country is home to four major language families: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austroasiatic, and Tibeto-Burman, each representing different waves of migration and cultural development over thousands of years. These languages carry the legacy of ancient civilizations, reflected in classical texts, oral traditions, and everyday communication. They influence regional identities, religious practices, and community relationships, forming the foundation of India's pluralistic society. Language also plays a key role in the political and administrative structure, with state boundaries often drawn along linguistic lines. Efforts to preserve endangered languages are crucial, as they hold unique knowledge systems, including ecological and medicinal wisdom. Understanding linguistic roots allows for greater appreciation of India's diversity and fosters unity through mutual respect. This rich tapestry of languages is not only a record of the past but a dynamic and evolving part of the nation's living heritage.About the Author: Prof. Bhumika Manoj Patel is a lecturer of English as well as a Research Scholar. She has an expertise of post-colonial studies, especially the feminism during the partition of India and Pakistan. She is having teaching experience of more than ten years to the college students. About the Editor: Dr. Shweta Gohel is a Dean of Arts and Humanities at a University in Gujarat. Currently, she is guiding Ph.D. students. Prof. Bhumika Patel is pursuing Ph.D. under her guidance. She has an expertise in Language and Literary studies.
Language Contact and Semantic Development in Late Medieval English
The multilingual context of medieval Britain has been a focus of historical linguistic scholarship for some time, but Middle English has often been examined in isolation. This book analyzes a large dataset of English vocabulary from the late Middle Ages, a time when the language was gaining new importance, with attention paid to parallel lexical developments in French and Latin. It explores lexical and semantic innovations and losses, and its findings challenge the notion that native and borrowed words were in competition during the period. The book presents a new picture of ongoing bilingualism in the late medieval period and a growth in vocabulary that heralded the beginnings of standardization in English.
The Peace Script
Manthey's analysis of protest rhetoric--ranging from speeches to newsletters to documentaries--illustrates how the study of grassroots activism is key to understanding how U.S. warfare is tied to debates about culture and national identity.
The Peace Script
Exposes how appeals to civility, harmony, and nonaggression can unwittingly underpin exclusionary assumptions about race, gender, and classOffering an innovative critique of peace rhetoric throughout US history, The Peace Script: Framing Violence in US Anti-War Dissent reexamines the language of dissent with lessons for our era defined by digital activism and fierce political debates. Dominic J. Manthey explores the peace arguments of various movements, including the Copperhead Movement during the Civil War, the Anti-Imperialist League's stance against US colonialism, Henry Ford's Peace Ship expedition during World War I, the Mothers' Movement during World War II, and the Vietnam Veterans against the War. Each chapter reveals how these movements, while advocating for peace, often upheld or encouraged racial, gender, and class inequalities.Manthey navigates the complex terrain of grassroots activism by blending rhetorical criticism and historical insight to tell readers about the "peace script" that has echoed across America's many wars. Through archival materials and case studies, The Peace Script reveals how anti-war movements craft compelling narratives that dramatize society through heroes, antagonists, and transformative ideals.Redefining the struggle for peace as not only a fight against warfare but also a battle over space, identity, and the right to live with dignity, The Peace Script is essential for scholars of history, rhetoric, and social justice. Manthey provides a crucial perspective on the intersection of race, memory and power, offering urgent insights into how these legacies continue to shape society today.
La Llingua Asturiana / The Asturian Language
Esti volume xurde de les contribuciones presentaes nel II Congresu Internacional de la Llingua Asturiana, celebr獺u los d穩es 22 y 23 de mayu de 2024 na Universid獺 Aut籀noma de Madrid. A trav矇s de prespectives diverses qu'abracen l'educaci籀n, la lling羹穩stica hist籀rica, la morfosintaxis, la fonolox穩a, el l矇xicu, la sociolling羹穩stica y la lliteratura, el volume esplora los tres temes centrales que marcaron el congresu: la singularid獺 de la llingua asturiana, la so fonda conex籀n cola identid獺 asturiana y la necesid獺 urxente de la so oficialid獺 pa garantizar la so conservaci籀n y revitalizaci籀n. Ante la posibilid獺 de que l'esperada oficialid獺 de la llingua asturiana tea m獺s cercana de lo previstu, esti volume pres矇ntase como un homenaxe a toles persones que contribuyeron a esti llende y que, ensin dulda, ver獺n pronto reconocida la llingua asturiana como llingua oficial.This volume arises from the contributions presented at the 2nd International Conference on the Asturian Language, held on May 22-23, 2024, at the Universidad Aut籀noma de Madrid. Through diverse perspectives encompassing education, historical linguistics, morphosyntax, phonology, lexis, sociolinguistics, and literature, the volume explores the three central themes that framed the conference: the distinctiveness of the Asturian language, its profound connection to Asturian identity, and the imperative of its recognition as an official language to ensure its preservation and revitalization. In light of the possibility that the long-awaited official status of the Asturian language may be closer than anticipated, this volume stands as a tribute to all those who have contributed to this milestone and will undoubtedly soon witness the long-anticipated recognition of Asturian as an official language.
The Animal Who Writes
Writing begins with unconscious feelings of something that insistently demands to be responded to, acted upon, or elaborated into a new entity. Writers make things that matter--treaties, new species, software, and letters to the editor--as they interact with other humans of all kinds. As they write, they also continually remake themselves. In The Animal Who Writes, Marilyn M. Cooper considers writing as a social practice and as an embodied behavior that is particularly important to human animals. Cooper argues that writing is an act of composing enmeshed in nature-cultures and is homologous with technology as a mode of making.
Listening to Beauty
A moving study of how encounters with beauty advance scientific discovery. Our attempts to understand the world are always more than simply rational. Our bodies learn through lived experience, our natural environments challenge what we think we know, and we take lessons from our nonhuman kin. Even scientists, often considered paragons of rationality, frequently describe their findings in the language of beauty. For rhetorician Megan Poole, beauty is integral to how scientific research works. Drawing on interviews with leading biologists, Poole explores what happens when scientists set aside objectivity and listen for beauty around them. The wonder we feel at the plumage of birds, the melodies of whales, or the caretaking of elephants may not help us (on its own) to isolate a given fact, but such encounters may teach us to open ourselves to a different way of knowing entirely. Through stories about researchers' encounters with wonder, Listening to Beauty reveals how scientific discovery happens sometimes unsystematically, sometimes incoherently, often beautifully.
Syntax Aus Saarbrucker Sicht 6
Dieser Band versammelt Aufsatze zu einer Vielfalt dialektsyntaktischer Phanomene, die auf dem jahrlichen Saarbrucker Runden Tisch fur Dialektsyntax (SaRDiS) in den Jahren 2021 bis 2022 vorgestellt wurden. Die Beitrage zu dieser Konferenz werfen einen theoretisch informierten Blick auf die Syntax kontinentalwestgermanischer Varietaten sowie ihrer historischen Entwicklung und beleuchten den aktuellen Forschungsstand. Wie in den anderen Banden, ist die Breite der behandelten Varietaten beachtlich. Sie reicht uber das Bairische, das Rhein- und Moselfrankische, das Thuringische und das Alemannische bis zu einer Inselsprache, dem Dialekt von Deutschpilsen. Auch dem Mittelhochdeutschen ist ein Beitrag zur Negation gewidmet. Neben der Negationssyntax werden verschiedene Phanomene behandelt: die Syntax von Partikeln - auch in Wechselwirkung mit dem Satzmodus -, morphosyntaktische Fragestellungen zu Konjunktivbildung ("wollen") und lexikalischen Ersetzung ("nehmen"/ "holen") sowie die Syntax von Determinierern und Relativsatzen.
Queer Correctives
Queer Correctives explores Christian discourses of sex and sexuality in Singapore to argue that metanoia, the theological concept of spiritual transformation, can be read as a form of neo-homophobia that coaxes change in the queer individual. In Singapore, Christian discourses of sex and sexuality have materialised in the form of testimonials that detail the pain and suffering of homosexuality, and how Christianity has been a salve for the tribulations experienced by the storytellers. This book freshly engages with Michel Foucault's posthumous and final volume of The History of Sexuality by revitalising his work on biblical metanoia to understand it as a form of neo-homophobia. Drawing on Foucauldian critical theory and approaches in discourse studies, it shows how language is at the centre of this particular iteration of neo-homophobia, one that no longer finds value in overt expressions of hate and disdain for those with non-normative sexualities, but relies extensively on seemingly neutral calls for change and transformation in personal lives. Queer Correctives takes Singapore as a case study to examine neo-homophobic phenomena, but its themes of change and transformation embedded in discourse will be relevant for scholars interested in contemporary iterations of Foucault's concepts of discipline and technologies of the self. Together with interview data from religious sexual minorities in Singapore, it captures a burgeoning form of homophobic discursive practices that eludes mainstream criticism to harm through change and transformation.
Politeness Metapragmatics
This volume demonstrates how inductive research into speakers' metapragmatic knowledge offers a path for researching what politeness means for language users and how this reshapes politeness theory. Through bottom-up analysis of interview data collected from Korean speakers from two generations, the authors map out a participant-oriented perspective on politeness and use these findings to build new theoretical models. The results shows that politeness is a multimodal practice tied up with maintaining emotional attunement and engaging in acts of upkeeping or contesting social conventions. The book features a thorough overview of extant research in the field, three in-depth data analysis chapters and a detailed discussion of the results. By focusing on the culture-specific and empirically grounded ways that language users understand politeness, the book contributes to current trends in im/politeness research, notably "third wave" approaches that view politeness as a culturally embedded social action. Moreover, the book lays the groundwork for researching metapragmatics via interview data that can be applied to other languages and aspects of pragmatics. This book is a must-read for scholars and students of politeness research, pragmatics, linguistics and cultural studies.
Olfactory Rhetoric
Human senses have the potential to play a significant role in inspiring action to combat climate change. When we smell pollutants in the air, for example, or feel the blast of a polar vortex, we are more likely to act in response to these changes in environmental conditions. However, the sensorium--and particularly our sense of smell--is often downplayed when we consider the rhetorics of environmental crises. In Olfactory Rhetoric, Lisa L. Phillips argues that how we sense the world around us should be a crucial piece of rhetorical evidence when evaluating environmental injustices. Specifically, Phillips elevates olfaction (what we smell) and olfactory rhetoric (how we talk about and experience what we smell) when discussing three contemporary environmental crises set in historically marginalized communities: the Sriracha sauce factory controversy, the Salton Sea scent events, and the Blue Ridge Landfill emissions problem. On a broader scale, Phillips develops an intersectional ecofeminist sensory-rhetorical approach for evaluating how olfactory and sensory persuasions work and how they can be used to advocate for environmental justice and a more breathable future.
Advanced English Grammar
With more than 50 years of teaching experience between them, Ilse Depraetere and Chad Langford present a grammar pitched precisely at advanced learners of English who need to understand how the English language really works without getting stalled in the complex specifics. This textbook pulls all of the relevant ideas from linguistic theory to support the language student to fully understand English grammar. After introducing form and function, the authors cover verbs, nouns, aspect and tense, modality and discourse. Readers are led through the underlying principles of language use, with the book presupposing only a basic grasp of linguistic terminology and focusing on the critical issues. This new edition includes updated examples from the press to represent a wider breadth of English language publications, including examples not only from The Guardian and the New York Times, but also from Indian and African publications. The new system to cross-reference all exercises with the core text in each chapter with discreet marginal notes makes the link between theory and practice more explicit. This edition also includes a new appendix of important phrasal verbs at an advanced level. Full of challenging exercises and supported by a companion website featuring an extensive answer key, a glossary and further exercises for study, this is the reference grammar of choice for both native and non-native English speakers.
Toda Grammar and Texts
The Todas are a small community who live on the isolated Nilgiri plateau in S. India. They lived there in aboriginal days, i.e. prior to the early 19th cent., in coexist. with other jungle communities. The local social org. was a cast-like system in which the Todas were the top-ranking community. Their population is a minuscule group within the enormous population of India or of the Dravidian part of India. However, the Todas have attracted a disproportionate amount of attention because of their difference from their neighbors in appearance, manners & customs. This study was based on linguistic data collected in a year of contact with the Todas in the 3-year period from mid-1935 to mid-1938. Contents: Grammar; Texts with Translation; & Commentary.
Studies on the Ultimate Theatre Poetics of Saviour Nathan Anari Agoro
Studies on the Ultimate Theatre Poetics of Saviour Nathan Anari Agoro presents the new battleground of crusading, the soul and mind. It is about the instrumentality of theatre in contending for the soul's salvation. However, the realisation is that the mind will stand in between. For the editors and SNA Agoro, it is the ultimate theatre given its superiority over every other form of the theatrical arts. Its nature as the numero uno of the arts portends that the subject matter of God can be literalised in ways that give mobility to literary concepts, such as the divine afflatus, anagogy, doxological poetics, and other aspects of hermeneutics that have found expression in dramatic literature, theory, and criticism. The 17 chapters in the book are within the cosmic purview of God, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, and His relationship to the peoples of the earth; some of them called, others lost and in search of redemption; and some others called but trapped in the vortex of will and indecision. This book is a testament to the collaborative spirit, intellectual curiosity, and passion for theatre that define our community.
Translation and Interpreting as Social Interaction
Adopting the tripartite theory of social psychology as its theoretical framework, this book advocates that the three components of social interaction - affect, behaviour, and cognition - underpin the daily activities of translators and interpreters. In particular, it argues that the affect or emotion of translators and interpreters should not be overlooked or treated as a separate entity, but as a crucial link between their mental process (cognition) and physical process (behaviour). This central theme of the intertwining nature of the affect, behaviour and cognition of translators and interpreters is examined theoretically, empirically, and methodologically with contributions from around the world, featuring literary translation, translator training, and interpreters' practice. It is a timely contribution to the field of Translation Process Research where affect is increasingly recognised as playing a key role in translation and interpreting phenomena.
Linguistics across Disciplinary Borders
This volume highlights the ways in which recent developments in corpus linguistics and natural language processing can engage with topics across language studies, humanities and social science disciplines. New approaches have emerged in recent years that blur disciplinary boundaries, facilitated by factors such as the application of computational methods, access to large data sets, and the sharing of code, as well as continual advances in technologies related to data storage, retrieval, and processing. The "march of data" denotes an area at the border region of linguistics, humanities, and social science disciplines, but also the inevitable development of the underlying technologies that drive analysis in these subject areas. Organized into 3 sections, the chapters are connected by the underlying thread of linguistic corpora: how they can be created, how they can shed light on varieties or registers, and how their metadata can be utilized to better understand the internal structure of similar resources. While some chapters in the volume make use of well-established existing corpora, others analyze data from platforms such as YouTube, Twitter or Reddit. The volume provides insight into the diversity of methods, approaches, and corpora that inform our understanding of the "border regions" between the realms of data science, language/linguistics, and social or cultural studies.
Linguistic dynamics in heritage speakers
This collective volume investigates linguistic dynamics in language contact, focusing on heritage speakers. The chapters provide new insights into the role of speaker repertoires and the distinction between contact-induced change and language-internal variation by reporting on corpus-linguistic studies across different communicative situations in heritage and majority languages. Conducted in the context of the DFG Research Unit "Emerging Grammars in Language Contact Situations" (FOR 2537), the studies focus on bilingual adolescent and adult speakers of German, Greek, Russian and Turkish as heritage languages, and of English and German as majority languages, and on monolingually raised adolescent and adult speakers of all five languages. Crucially, they are not restricted to standard language, but target broader speaker repertoires that cover informal as well as formal settings in both spoken and written modes. The contributions are united by their positive perspective on language contact and multilingual speakers, a comparative approach across several heritage and majority languages, and a shared methodology that captures variation within repertoires for both heritage speakers and monolinguals. The chapters take various theoretical standpoints, highlighting different facets of the data as well as its potential for enhancing our understanding of language contact and language variation.
The licensing and usage of topic drop in German
This book is concerned with the licensing and usage of the elliptical construction topic drop in German. The term topic drop refers to the omission of the preverbal constituent in declarative verb-second sentences, for example, the omission of the subject ich ('I') in the sentence Bin gleich zur羹ck ('Am right back'). Topic drop exists in most of the Germanic verb-second languages and typically occurs in spoken language and text types such as SMS, chats, notes, etc. While much of the previous research has focused on individual specific properties of topic drop, often adopting a purely theoretical perspective, this book presents a systematic investigation of both the syntactic properties and usage conditions of topic drop based on empirical evidence from a corpus study and 12 acceptability rating studies. The first part of the book investigates the licensing of topic drop, in particular its restriction to the preverbal 'prefield' position. The results of four rating studies on topic drop in different prefield configurations lead to a refined prefield condition based on proposals by Rizzi (1994) and Freywald (2020) that is independent of topicality. Moreover, they inform the discussion on the most suitable syntactic analysis of topic drop, supporting a PF-deletion approach. The second part of the book presents and tests an information-theoretic account of topic drop usage that builds on the Uniform Information Density hypothesis (Levy & Jaeger 2007). In a corpus study and seven rating studies, several potential usage factors are investigated, including grammatical person and verb predictability. The results provide initial evidence suggesting that topic drop usage can be explained by general processing principles: The prefield constituent is omitted when it is redundant and realized overtly when it facilitates the processing of the following verb. This information-theoretic explanation is based on independently evidenced processing mechanisms, bundles isolated claims f
Applied Linguistics in Action
This book explores how linguistic theories and methods are practically applied to real-world language learning and teaching contexts. The book examines language acquisition, pedagogical approaches, classroom interaction, and the use of language in various social and professional settings. With a focus on evidence-based practices, it connects linguistic research to challenges in second language education, curriculum development, and language policy. This resource is ideal for educators, researchers, and students seeking to bridge theory and practice in applied linguistics.
Drill-book of Elocution
"Drill-book of Elocution" is a comprehensive guide to the art of effective public speaking and expressive reading, originally published in 1894. Designed as a practical manual, it provides a series of exercises and drills aimed at improving articulation, pronunciation, and vocal delivery. This book is an invaluable resource for students, teachers, and anyone seeking to enhance their elocution skills. Eloise A. Hafford's approach focuses on systematic training to cultivate clarity, confidence, and poise in speech. Whether for theatrical performance, classroom presentations, or everyday communication, the techniques outlined in this drill-book offer timeless methods for mastering the spoken word. Rediscover the principles of elocution that were once considered essential for educated individuals and unlock the power of persuasive and engaging communication.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Acting on actuation
This volume presents a timely discussion on one of the most fundamental and yet elusive questions in historical linguistics: why do certain linguistic changes take place in some languages at specific times, but not in others, even under similar conditions? The actuation problem, first articulated by Weinreich, Labov, and Herzog (1968), remains a central puzzle in the study of language change, at the crossroads between language structure, cognitive processes, and social dynamics. While significant progress has been made in identifying pathways and constraints on change and in understanding the social embedding of linguistic variation, the ultimate challenge of predicting language change remains unresolved, raising the question of whether historical linguistics can ever be a predictive science. The main reason for skepticism is that the inherent complexity of language structure and use makes it extremely challenging to predict when and how a given change may occur. Even so, a reassessment of where the discipline stands with respect to its most central research question is in order. Building on recent advances in variationist sociolinguistics, grammaticalization theory, and probabilistic modeling of language, the contributions in this volume offer fresh theoretical and methodological perspectives on the actuation problem, discussing the interplay between principles of language change, the role of bilingualism and language contact more generally, the distinction between innovation and propagation, and the role of sociocultural change. Research presented in this volume shows that there is indeed cause for hope, bringing at least a probabilistic answer to the actuation problem within closer reach.
Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases; With Examples of Their Colloquial Use, and Illus. From Various Authors
This meticulously compiled glossary, "Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases," offers a fascinating glimpse into the unique vernacular of Northamptonshire, England. Authored by Anne Elizabeth Baker, Volume 1 provides a comprehensive collection of local words and phrases, enriched with examples of their colloquial usage and illustrations drawn from various authors. Beyond mere definitions, the glossary delves into the customs of the county, offering a rich tapestry of local life in the 19th century. A valuable resource for linguists, historians, and anyone interested in the evolution of the English language and regional British culture, this book preserves a vital piece of Northamptonshire's heritage. Discover the colorful and expressive language of the region, and gain insight into the traditions that shaped its identity. This edition ensures that Baker's important work remains accessible to scholars and enthusiasts alike.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Comparative Philology of the Old and New Worlds in Relation to Archaic Speech
"Comparative Philology of the Old and New Worlds in Relation to Archaic Speech" by Robert Philips Greg, originally published in 1893, explores the fascinating connections between languages across continents. This detailed study delves into the roots of language, examining the archaic forms of speech and their evolution in both the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) and the New World (the Americas). Greg's work offers insights into the historical relationships between cultures and the development of linguistic structures. This volume remains a valuable resource for linguists, anthropologists, and historians interested in the comparative study of language and its cultural implications. Discover the intricate links between seemingly disparate languages and gain a deeper understanding of the shared linguistic heritage of humanity.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
