Beyond Control
In this incisive book, Reason editor Jacob Sullum untangles America's twin crusades against guns and drugs, suggesting better-tailored alternatives that do more good while causing less harm. Does gun control work? What about drug prohibition? In this cogent examination of two of America's most enduring challenges, Reason Senior Editor Jacob Sullum traces the evolution of gun and drug laws from their dubious beginnings to today's divisive rhetoric. Based on data-driven analysis and compassionate consideration of the human costs imposed by the twin crusades against guns and drugs, Sullum recommends an alternative approach that focuses on reducing harm, including the harm caused by misguided policies. Sullum exposes the racist roots of gun control and drug control, noting that both policies continue to have a racially disproportionate impact. Even leaving aside the legacy of that dark history, he argues, both policies are unjust because they punish people for conduct that violates no one's rights. They are also dangerous to civil liberties because they encourage the expansion of government power at the expense of individual freedom. The burdens imposed by gun control and drug control reinforce each other, since gun possession increases penalties for drug offenses and drug offenses disqualify people from legally possessing guns. Yet there is little logic to these legal regimes, which penalize people for behavior that is not inherently criminal. Decades of research have produced scant evidence that popular gun control prescriptions such as assault weapon bans, universal background checks, restrictions on ownership, and red flag laws work as advertised. Research on the impact of the war on drugs likewise provides little reason to believe that its doubtful benefits outweigh its myriad costs. In both cases, the burdens often fall on peaceful individuals who pose no threat to public safety, and the policies seem ill-designed to reduce the problems they aim to address. Sullum notes that critics of gun control and critics of the war on drugs make similar points, complaining that these policies are unfair, invasive, poorly targeted, and ineffective. But because these two sets of critics tend to come from opposing political camps, they usually overlook their common ground. Beyond Control surveys that territory, showing that conservatives and progressive share concerns about overcriminalization, overzealous law enforcement, draconian penalties, and the erosion of civil liberties. Substance abuse, violence, and suicide are complex problems that cannot be solved by targeting inanimate objects or by arresting and incarcerating people who possess them. Beyond Control urges better-tailored alternatives that would do more good while causing less harm.
Knowledge Production and Management in Africa
This contributed volume explores knowledge production and management across diverse African contexts, integrating indigenous perspectives with modern technological advancements. It addresses the intersection of cultural, socioeconomic, and technological factors, offering readers a thorough understanding of how these elements shape knowledge systems in Africa. Structured into five key sections--technology, pedagogy and curricula, business and ecology, culture and community, and human relationships--the book presents a cohesive framework guiding readers through various domains of knowledge production. Each chapter examines specific themes, from AI's moral standing and mobile technologies in agriculture to digital transformation in education and the role of performing arts in cultural orientation. The chapters are authored by experts who provide empirical research, case studies, and theoretical analyses, ensuring a rich and diverse exploration of topics. By challenging conventional paradigms and advocating for context-specific approaches, the book highlights the resilience and innovation inherent in African knowledge practices. Readers will gain a deep understanding of the multifaceted nature of knowledge production in Africa. The book highlights culturally-responsive cognitive schemas, the impact of digital technologies on education and business, and the role of indigenous knowledge in sustainable development. Readers will walk away from the book understanding inclusive and effective knowledge management practices, and they will have an enhanced appreciation for the unique contributions of African knowledge systems to global discourses.
A Memoir Concerning The Political State Of Malta
"A Memoir Concerning The Political State Of Malta" by Sir John Joseph Dillon offers a detailed examination of the political landscape of Malta during a pivotal period in its history. Written with keen insight and a deep understanding of the intricacies of Maltese politics, this memoir provides invaluable context for understanding the challenges and opportunities that shaped the island's destiny.Dillon's work stands as a significant contribution to the historical record, offering scholars and enthusiasts alike a window into the past. This edition preserves the integrity of the original text, ensuring that Dillon's observations and insights remain accessible to contemporary readers. Explore the historical dynamics of Malta and gain a deeper appreciation for its enduring legacy through Dillon's insightful memoir.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Uniting Africa
The primary aim of this book is to reach a better understanding of Africa's eff orts to incrementally advance Pan-Africanism, and its consolidating eff orts to attain socio-economic inclusive growth, political stability, and continental security. The book makes neo-functional arguments to support the actualisation of the aims and objectives of the AU as an intergovernmental organisation constituted under the Constitutive Act.
St. Louis, A Preliminary Survey Of Certain Departments Of The Government Of The City Of St. Louis
"St. Louis, A Preliminary Survey Of Certain Departments Of The Government Of The City Of St. Louis" offers a detailed examination of the workings of St. Louis city government in the early 20th century. Conducted by the Bureau of Municipal Research of New York, in collaboration with the St. Louis City Council and the Municipal Voters' League, this report provides constructive suggestions for organizational and methodological improvements. This historical document sheds light on the challenges and opportunities faced by a major American city during a period of rapid growth and urbanization. It will be of interest to historians, political scientists, and anyone interested in the evolution of urban governance and municipal reform movements in the United States.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Science And The Workingman
Science and the Workingman presents Ferdinand Lassalle's powerful defense against charges of inciting class hatred in 19th-century Berlin. This translation offers a crucial insight into the mind of one of socialism's key figures, showcasing his passionate advocacy for the rights and recognition of the working class. Lassalle's arguments delve into the philosophical and economic underpinnings of society, challenging the established order and laying the groundwork for future socialist movements. A vital historical document, "Science and the Workingman" remains relevant for anyone interested in the history of socialism, political theory, and the ongoing struggle for social justice. It provides invaluable context for understanding the development of socialist thought and its impact on modern society.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Secure the Blessings of Liberty
America finds herself at a crossroads, facing attacks from within and without. Her most significant threats are the forces of evil exploiting her undefended southern border.In Secure the Blessings of Liberty: To Ourselves and Our Posterity, Christopher N. Hatley reveals our government's deliberate and systemic failure to secure the border with Mexico, which has created a pathway for drug trafficking, sex trafficking, illegal immigration, disease, and terrorism. From a warrior's perspective and with steadfast conviction, Hatley analyzes how the open-border policies, complicit politicians, and societal degeneration undermine our once healthy and cohesive societal order grounded in the traditional Hebrew-Christian values of our ancestors. Secure the Blessings of Liberty builds on Hatley's first book, Provide for the Common Defence: Border Defence, with a fresh call to action for patriots and policymakers. He encourages his readers to wake up to the coordinated attacks by those who hope to dismantle our country and sacrifice her on the altar of Marxist globalism. Drawing from decades of military planning experience, Hatley outlines a bold strategy to reclaim our borders, institutions, and Christian faith. Guided by Scripture and the Constitution, his vision to save America is decisive, firm, and fair.
Political Economy
Political Economy, Volume 20, by Charles Stanton Devas, presents a comprehensive exploration of economic principles and their relationship to political structures. This volume delves into the historical context of economic thought, examining various economic systems and their impact on society. Devas offers insights into the intricate interplay between economic policies and political ideologies, making it an invaluable resource for students and scholars alike. Readers will appreciate the detailed analysis of classical economic theories and their evolution, providing a solid foundation for understanding contemporary economic challenges. This book remains relevant for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the foundations of modern political and economic thought.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Hints To The People Of The United Kingdom ... And Of North Britain In Particular, On The Present Important Crisis
"Hints To The People Of The United Kingdom ... And Of North Britain In Particular, On The Present Important Crisis" by William Dickson (LL.D.) offers a fascinating glimpse into the political climate of its time. This treatise provides insights into the pressing issues facing the United Kingdom, particularly North Britain, during a critical period. Dickson's work serves as a valuable historical document, shedding light on the concerns, debates, and potential solutions considered by contemporaries. Students of British history and political science will find this text a rich source of primary material, offering a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities that shaped the nation.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Speeches Of The Right Honourable William Pitt, In The House Of Commons
This volume contains a collection of the speeches of William Pitt the Younger, delivered in the House of Commons. A prominent figure in British political history, Pitt served as Prime Minister during a transformative period. These speeches offer insights into the key debates and policy decisions that shaped late 18th-century Britain. Readers interested in political history, parliamentary procedure, and the art of oratory will find this volume a valuable resource. Explore the arguments and rhetoric of one of Britain's most influential leaders through transcriptions of his addresses on critical issues of the day.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Pauli s Report
In 1942, the Wehrmacht was forced to partially de-motorise its army until 1945. The reason for this? Lack of fuel. This split the German military into two parallel forces: one mechanised, the other reliant on horses. Almost a century later, an eerily similar crisis looms. If China and India consumed as much oil per capita as the United States, then current production would not be enough to meet their needs. As their economic growth is inevitable, the same paradigm as that of the German army in 1942 could become a reality by 2040. In other words, countries across the globe which consume oil to the detriment of other countries, are excluded de facto. Who will dominate when access to oil becomes exclusionary? What alliances will emerge? Is our countdown tied to the last drop of fossil fuel? In addition to an analysis based on figures, we propose to challenge our perception of the world, in order to bring a different understanding of our history and our future.
What Next And Next?
"What Next And Next?" presents a collection of speeches and writings by Richard Cobden, a prominent figure in 19th-century British politics and a leading advocate for free trade. This compilation offers insights into Cobden's influential ideas on political economy, international relations, and the role of government. His arguments for free trade and non-interventionism are particularly relevant in today's globalized world.Cobden's clear and persuasive prose makes his work accessible to modern readers interested in the history of economic thought and political reform. The book showcases his commitment to reason, progress, and the betterment of society through enlightened policies. It is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the forces that shaped Victorian Britain and continue to influence contemporary debates.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Miscellaneous Works
Discover the intellectual breadth of John Witherspoon, a key figure in American history, in this collection of his "Miscellaneous Works." As a signatory of the Declaration of Independence and the sixth president of Princeton University, Witherspoon's influence extended far beyond the classroom. This compilation gathers his significant writings on political theory, religious thought, and moral philosophy, offering a comprehensive view of his contributions to the burgeoning American republic. Explore his insightful essays on liberty, government, and the role of religion in public life, all shaped by the ideals of the Scottish Enlightenment. From sermons that stirred the hearts of his congregation to treatises that influenced the founding fathers, Witherspoon's works provide invaluable context for understanding the intellectual currents that shaped the nation. "Miscellaneous Works" is an essential resource for anyone interested in the history of American political thought and the enduring legacy of one of its most influential figures.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Free-holder By Addisson
The Free-holder is a collection of essays by Joseph Addison, offering insightful commentary on the political and social landscape of early 18th-century Britain. Written in the tradition of periodicals like The Spectator and The Tatler, these essays reflect Addison's Whig political leanings and his vision for a stable, prosperous, and virtuous society. Addison employs his characteristic wit and elegant prose to address a range of topics, from the importance of civic duty and the dangers of factionalism to the role of education and the cultivation of good manners. The Free-holder provides a valuable glimpse into the political debates and cultural values of the Georgian era, showcasing Addison's enduring influence as a writer and thinker.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Speeches of Senator LeRoy Percy Before the Mississippi Legislature and Resolutions Adopted by the Legislature in Regard to Senatorial Election
This volume contains the speeches of Senator LeRoy Percy delivered before the Mississippi Legislature, along with the resolutions adopted by the legislature regarding the senatorial election. Providing insight into the political climate of early 20th-century Mississippi, the speeches address key issues and debates surrounding the election process. Senator Percy's addresses offer a firsthand account of the challenges and considerations facing legislators and the broader electorate during this period. This collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the historical context of senatorial elections and the political dynamics of the time. It provides researchers and enthusiasts with a detailed glimpse into the legislative proceedings and the perspectives of a prominent political figure.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An Address Delivered At Cumming, Georgia, February, 1844, On The Rise And Progress Of Society And The Formation Of Government
This is a reproduction of "An Address Delivered At Cumming, Georgia, February, 1844, On The Rise And Progress Of Society And The Formation Of Government," delivered by S. Watson Royston. The address provides insights into 19th-century American political and social thought. Royston explores the origins of society, the development of governmental structures, and the principles underpinning civic life. This historical document offers a valuable perspective on the intellectual landscape of antebellum America and is a crucial resource for scholars and historians interested in the evolution of political theory and societal development in the United States. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Cobbett's Political Register
Cobbett's Political Register, Volume 1 presents a comprehensive look into the political landscape of early 19th century Britain. This volume captures the essence of contemporary political discourse, offering readers a direct connection to the pressing issues and debates of the time. Anonymous authorship ensures the focus remains squarely on the ideas and arguments presented. This register serves as a valuable primary source for historians, political scientists, and anyone interested in understanding the development of political thought and the evolution of British society. Readers will gain insight into the challenges and triumphs that shaped the nation's trajectory. The enduring relevance of these political discussions makes Cobbett's Political Register a worthwhile addition to any historical collection.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Cobbett's Political Register
Cobbett's Political Register, Volume 1 presents a comprehensive look into the political landscape of early 19th century Britain. This volume captures the essence of contemporary political discourse, offering readers a direct connection to the pressing issues and debates of the time. Anonymous authorship ensures the focus remains squarely on the ideas and arguments presented. This register serves as a valuable primary source for historians, political scientists, and anyone interested in understanding the development of political thought and the evolution of British society. Readers will gain insight into the challenges and triumphs that shaped the nation's trajectory. The enduring relevance of these political discussions makes Cobbett's Political Register a worthwhile addition to any historical collection.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Commonwealth Of Massachusetts. Manual For The Use Of The General Court, Prepared By S.n. Gifford And G.a. Marden
This manual, titled "Commonwealth Of Massachusetts. Manual For The Use Of The General Court, Prepared By S.n. Gifford And G.a. Marden", serves as a comprehensive guide to the workings of the Massachusetts General Court. Prepared by S.N. Gifford and George Augustus Marden, it offers insights into the procedures, organization, and functions of the state's legislative body. This historical document provides a valuable resource for understanding the governmental processes within Massachusetts and offers a glimpse into the state's political history.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Libertarian Compass
This book invites readers to rediscover a political philosophy that places the individual - not the state - at the centre of public life. Libertarianism is rooted in the belief that people flourish best when free to make their own choices, trade freely, associate voluntarily, take personal responsibility, and live without coercion from an overreaching government. In an age of growing bureaucracy, creeping authoritarianism, and mounting economic distortion, libertarianism offers not just resistance - but a compelling alternative. This collection of forty short essays explores timeless principles through the lens of modern challenges, from economic freedom and decentralisation to civil liberties, community cohesion, and global peace. These are not academic treatises or party talking points - they are sharp, accessible reflections inquiry, and political observation. Topics range from tax policy and government overreach to personal freedom, cultural resilience, and national prosperity. What inspired this book was the need for a universal ethical framework - one that makes sense of political choices, supports moral clarity, and helps us build a nation where no one is held back by bureaucracy or prejudice, and where every person with the will to succeed is free to do so. As libertarian ideas surge again on the world stage - from Argentina to New Zealand, and across Europe and North America - it's time to reassert the case for liberty here in Australia. This book is both a defence of classical liberal values and a challenge to the status quo. It is an invitation to think freely, to question inherited assumptions, and to reimagine what a truly free society could look like today and beyond.
The Second Bill of Rights
How our economic rights are fundamental to the security and stability of our democracy. From a prolific, insider author and leading legal scholar who has worked for former Presidents Obama and Biden. In 1944, Franklin Delano Roosevelt gave a State of the Union Address that should be counted as the greatest political speech of the twentieth century. In it, Roosevelt grappled with the definition of security in a democracy, concluding that "unless there is security here at home, there cannot be lasting peace in the world." To help ensure that security, he proposed a "Second Bill of Rights"--economic rights that he saw as necessary to political freedom, including a right to education, a right to adequate health care, a right to a home, and a right to protection against destitution. Many of the great legislative achievements of the past eighty years stem from Roosevelt's vision. In The Second Bill of Rights, Cass Sunstein uses this speech as a launching point to show how these rights are vital to the continuing security of our nation. This is an ambitious, sweeping book that argues for a new vision of FDR, of constitutional history, and of our current political scene that has never been more urgent or more relevant.
Mutual Aid
"In the animal world we have seen that the vast majority of species live in societies, and that they find in association the best arms for the struggle for life: understood, of course, in its wide Darwinian sense-not as a struggle for the sheer means of existence, but as a struggle against all natural conditions unfavorable to the species." -Peter KropotkinMutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution by Peter Kropotkin is a groundbreaking examination of cooperation as a driving force in both natural evolution and human history. Originally published as a response to the then-popular concept of Social Darwinism, Kropotkin presents extensive evidence that mutual aid and collaboration-rather than ruthless competition-are fundamental to the survival and prosperity of species, including humanity itself.Drawing on meticulous observations of wildlife behavior, anthropological findings, and historical analysis of various human societies, Kropotkin demonstrates that cooperation has consistently been the cornerstone of thriving communities and ecosystems. From insect colonies and bird flocks to medieval guilds and indigenous societies, Mutual Aid underscores the critical role that solidarity and collective effort play in evolutionary success.Today, Kropotkin's insights remain profoundly relevant, informing contemporary discussions around community resilience, cooperative economics, sustainable living, and ethical governance. Essential reading for scholars of evolutionary biology, sociology, anthropology, political philosophy, and anarchist thought, this classic work continues to challenge dominant narratives of competition and offers powerful arguments supporting cooperation as essential for social progress.
Crystallizing Public Opinion
The Original Blueprint for Modern PropagandaFirst published in 1923, Crystallizing Public Opinion by Edward L. Bernays laid the groundwork for the entire field of public relations. A nephew of Sigmund Freud, Bernays used psychological insight and mass media strategy to influence public thought on everything from war to toothpaste.Inside this classic you'll discover: ���� How public opinion is formed-and manipulated���� The psychological tools used by corporations and governments���� The early foundations of advertising, propaganda, and brandingStill taught in marketing and communications courses today, this book is essential for anyone interested in media influence, political messaging, or modern persuasion techniques.
Tax Trees
Saving the United States is the 1st volume of the TAX TREES trilogy of handbooks. This book helps Native Americans fix the government and deport the idiots! Bible of booklets is a play on words. Bibles used books as chapters. What started out as forestry research has become much more! *Note: I'm using my definitions of terms describing cities, towns and environments. Bibliographies are online.
The Indus Divide
Picture a river that feeds millions but fuels a fight between two nations. The Indus Divide pulls you into the wild story of the Indus River. It starts with the Indus Waters Treaty from 1960. This deal split the rivers between India and Pakistan after their split. Pakistan got most of the water-about 70%. The World Bank helped make it happen. For years, it kept the peace. But trouble brewed over dams like Kishanganga and Baglihar. Then, in 2025, a terror attack in Pahalgam changed everything. India suspended the treaty. Tensions shot up fast. Military moves followed. The book digs into India's water control plans. Can they really stop the flow? Not easily-most dams can't store much. In Pakistan, farms and power rely on this water. Over 90% of crops need it. Jobs for 40% of people depend on it. A crisis looms-food shortages, blackouts, even famine. Climate change adds more chaos with wild floods and dry spells. The book ends with ideas to fix this mess-new talks, better water use, and teamwork.This book isn't like others on India-Pakistan clashes. It doesn't just replay old politics. It mixes history with hard facts-how water works, what it costs, and who suffers.
Liberty and Justice for All
The Bush administration has declared that the spread of democracy with its habits of freedom is the best way to protect America from international terrorism. This conclusion is based on a presumption that political freedom is a strong determinant of terrorism. This paper contends that not all democratic forms are equally able to eliminate the conditions that are exploited by terrorist organizations. Furthermore, the U.S. must understand the manner in which political freedom, economic conditions and religion is related to affiliation with terrorist organizations. Assessing the convergence of these factors revealed several key findings. First, states that exhibit both political and religious repression are extremely prone to terrorist exploitation. Second, states with growing economic conditions and high relative deprivation are more prone to terrorist exploitation than states without these conditions. Finally, the convergence of political repression and growing economies in Islamic states is extremely prone to terrorist exploitation. In the end, understanding these conditions can help GWOT planners identify high risk states that are not currently affiliated with terrorist organizations. If the internal conditions of these states can be improved, terrorists dislocated from current states by GWOT efforts will not have new sanctuaries in which to fall back. In summary, by assessing these relationships and factors, this thesis can help decision-makers frame the next stages and ultimate objectives of the Global War on Terrorism.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Ethnic Discontent in Western China
At the beginning of the 21st Century, the rise of China as a peer competitor to the United States has become the dominant national security issue for US Pacific Command (USPACOM). US security interests with China are dominated by high profile issues including $284B in annual trade, tension over Taiwan, China's military build-up as well as its growing regional influence. Each issue has garnered significant attention, since they affect vital US national security interests. To effectively engage with China, USPACOM must understand China; how it acts and why it acts. Internal China security issues provide an insightful window into the People's Republic of China (PRC) policy and motivations. Analyzing the PRC's internal policies and their effects makes the inscrutable China Tiger more understandable. This paper examines one internal security issue; the PRC's provincial policy and its ability to contain instability in China's western autonomous regions, Xinjiang and Tibet.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Labor Relations
Senior level management, from squadrons up through Air Force headquarters level, are not adequately trained on operating within today's labor relations environment, resulting in a significant waste of resources and millions of dollars, annually. To correct the disconnect between training and supervision of bargain units and unions, in the short term, the Department of Defense needs to provide training to all supervisors involved in labor relations to prevent commonly made mistakes on behalf of leadership. In the longer term, the Department of Defense should evaluate the effectiveness of unions within the military and initiate actions to exempt federal employees of the military from bargaining units.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
From Failure to Failure
What should we do when a critical institution says all the right things yet repeatedly fails to live up to its word? In their latest sexual misconduct crisis, the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) has clearly "failed as an institution to properly address" sexual misconduct. Unless these crises are properly dealt with, they threaten to make the military "irrelevant" in Canadian society. These are the words of General Wayne Eyre, Canada's Chief of the Defence Staff from 2021 to 2024. What does this grim assessment from within the military itself mean for the health and relevance of the Canadian Armed Forces and its culture? Most importantly, what can we do about it? What will it take to turn words into effective, transformative action?To fix any problem, we first need to understand it. In his latest book, From Failure to Failure, Allan English seeks to shed light on the roots of this complex and often obscured problem. Within these pages, English provides a thorough analysis of the CAF's various attempts from 2000 to 2022 to "manage" the issues surrounding these crises. He especially focuses on Operation Honour, the CAF's most visible response to the 2015 Deschamps Report, and discusses its place among the CAF's other responses between 2000 and 2022.Through careful analysis of the CAF's fundamental culture and assumptions, English goes beyond a simple recounting of the facts to provide practical lessons. Whether you're an academic, an invested member of the public, or a member of the military, this book is for you. This analysis can not only help you stay informed but also empower you with the critical insights you need to enact practical change.
Iraqi Police Service and COMPSTAT
The purpose of this monograph is to determine the applicability of the New York Police Department's (NYPD) COMPSTAT crime control model to restoring order in Iraq. The Iraqi Police Service (IPS) performs similar police functions to those executed by the NYPD. Although different in scope and scale, the conditions in Iraq today are comparable to those that existed in pre-1994 New York City. The country is inundated with firearms and explosives which are used in a continuous cycle of violence in order to achieve political, religious or criminal objectives. The cycle of violence is perpetrated by Sunni rejectionists bent on restoring their pre-invasion power base. They attempt to achieve this goal through attacks on coalition forces as well as Iraqi Security Forces and the majority Shia population. Foreign fighters seeking a caliphate in Iraq exacerbate the Sunni-Shia tensions. Shia militia groups avenge attacks on their members by conducting sectarian attacks against Sunni neighborhoods. In many parts of the country this cycle of violence has overwhelmed the IPS. These rival groups, armed with a seemingly endless supply of firearms and explosives, transit through public spaces to carry out their attacks. The IPS offers little protection in these public spaces, thus allowing the cycle to continue. The bulging, disenfranchised youth population in Iraq provides a ripe recruiting pool for all groups and many have taken an active role in the cycle of violence. Beset by fear and disorder, the Iraqi population cannot turn to the IPS due to a perception of corruption, militia infiltration or general incompetence. This cycle of violence is the prevailing condition in Iraq and the central challenge to IPS efforts to restore order. Pre-1994 New York was a city plagued by skyrocketing firearms related homicides and extensive fear and disorder. Disorder emanated from a loss of control of public spaces to criminal elements. These criminal elements often utilized truant youths to caThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Indigenous Police Forces in Counterinsurgency
Given the importance of security force assistance in an era of persistent conflict and the need for counterinsurgency operations, what makes indigenous police forces effective in counterinsurgency? This monograph proposes that, if the Army faces an era of persistent conflict and chooses to assist indigenous forces, then paramilitary organization and U.S. military leadership make for effective indigenous police in counterinsurgency operations. To test the hypothesis, this study explores two related areas. The paper begins with an analysis of several cases to analyze what type of organization makes for effective indigenous police in counterinsurgency operations. It continues with an analysis of who should lead the effort to effective indigenous police during counterinsurgency operations. Case research indicates that indigenous police are most effective in counterinsurgency efforts when structured along paramilitary lines. Analysis of these cases suggests that paramilitary police forces are survivable and effective against insurgent elements. Exploration into cases in Iraq and Afghanistan illustrate how civilian government agencies are challenged to lead efforts contributing to effective local police forces during counterinsurgency. The research indicates the military is better able to lead efforts to make effective indigenous police for counterinsurgency operations. Based on the research, the monograph provides recommendations. First, establish paramilitary police organizations in Iraq and Afghanistan resembling the successful Philippine Constabulary. Second, expand Army doctrine to greater cover host-nation paramilitary force employment. Third, amend the Foreign Assistance Act to allow the military to lead indigenous police support efforts during counterinsurgency conflicts. Fourth, establish a centralized agency with definite lines of authority over indigenous police assistance in peacetime versus the current course of confused interagency effort. Fifth, and last, This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Interagency Operations
This monograph examines the possibilities of improving interagency coordination through an established educational system. The national security interests of the United States rely on the efficient and effective application all instruments of power. The Department of State and Department of Defense are typically responsible for the direction, implementation, and enforcement of foreign policy. However, threats to national security in the twenty-first century may require a more multifunctional interagency approach with diverse capabilities. A single organization does not have these required capabilities. Through a collaborative effort of various government agencies and departments, these capabilities are available. The interagency process is the national level system to coordinate the actions of government agencies in national security affairs. Interagency operations require the cooperation of participating organizations. This monograph researched the development of joint military operations to illustrate necessary actions required to achieve this synergistic effort. From the Unified Command Plan of 1947 to a "unified action" concept of 2001, the military has gained insight into the difficulties of service coordination and cooperation. Significant to this study was the lesson learned concerning education and the development of a joint force. An outcome of the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 was the requirement for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to oversee the educational development of joint specialty officers (JSO) in order to fill joint duty assignments. The joint professional military education (JPME) curriculum balanced service specific and joint educational requirements. JPME provides a common reference for joint duty officers to collectively plan military operations. This monograph concludes that a professional education system can improve interagency coordination through a shared learning experience. Recognizing the bureaucratic difficulties associateThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Institutions and Organizations
If the Department of Defense (DOD) better understands what legitimacy is, how strategic communication affects it, and how a prolonged counter-insurgency affects the legitimacy of specific Afghan and US institutions, we will be better prepared to make foreign policy recommendations that involve overt counter-insurgency operations. This understanding can drive DOD perceptions of future conflict, which in turn drives conceptualization and development of future US force structure and capabilities. Ultimately for the US Army, a better understanding of legitimacy and its interdependency with communication could shape our assumptions that drive the development of our US Army Capstone Concept. This study hypothesizes that in Afghanistan, legitimation and strategic communication are inextricably connected. However, strategic communication is overly focused on the external, attempting to influence constituents, and not focused enough on bringing cultural understanding and compromise back to the strategy, goals, and institutions within Afghanistan. Therefore the legitimation of fledgling institutions is slower and more problematic than is necessary. This study concludes that in Afghanistan, the legitimacy and strategic communication theories are deeply interwoven. Yet, the strategic communication process is not focused enough on internalization of socio-cultural norms and mores. This means communicating to understand the culture in order to conduct US and Afghan institutional remodeling, and behavior modification to fit within or work in concert with the current cultural institutions; integrating stake-holder perceptions into policy, plans, and operations to support national objectives. Fledgling institutions that do not challenge embedded institutions are more likely to succeed in the long term.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Exporting Democracy to Haiti
The United States'; democratization strategy since World War II demonstrates an estimated success rate of less than 3%. America currently uses a counterinsurgency / line of effort approach in democratization. This approach seeks to shape an environment that protects democratic behavior but fails to address a country's democratic propensities, more specifically the potential of its attitudes and values with respect to democracy. A superior method is the path-dependent approach that seeks to exploit the potential of a country's prevailing attitudes and values by harnessing its democratic propensities. This paper analyzes the American military interventions of Haiti in 1915, 1994, and 2004 from a path-dependent perspective to determine whether it could have enabled better results. The United States used a counterinsurgency / line of effort approach to democratization during its first and second interventions in Haiti; both resulted in a failure to affect Haiti's democratic propensities. The United States used a hybrid path-dependent and counterinsurgency / line of effort approach to democratization during its third intervention of Haiti resulting in a tangible enrichment of Haiti's democratic propensities. The results suggest a path-dependent approach to stability operations has a better probability of success than the current approach used by the United States.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Governance in Afghanistan
Since 2001, the capabilities of the Afghan state have been a priority on the world stage. The reign of Amir Abdur Rahman, who established the current state of Afghanistan, is critical in understanding the development of the current state, and the possibilities that are open to the current government. When Amir Abdur Rahman ascended to the throne of Kabul, he ruled little more than the city itself. Over the course of his 21 year reign, he established institutions that enabled the first peaceful transition of power in the history of Afghanistan, and formalized the state that currently exists. Understanding the methods used by Abdur Rahman, the context in which he used them, and the results of the application of those methods shed light on the understanding of the Afghan state and the possibilities for the current Afghan state. Abdur Rahman's "internal imperialism" and cooption of the Islamic religious authorities successfully extended state authority, but allowed the foundations of alternative power structures to remain. Abdur Rahman's military modernization, governmental bureaucratization and economic development again facilitated short term stability, but again allowed the return of instability over time. Finally, the imposition of boundaries on Afghanistan by the external state system changed the nature of boundaries and shaped the extension of state power. This context, the methods employed, and the results of those actions provide insight into the propensities of the Afghan system in relation to the state. This insight then shapes the understanding of the possibilities that are open for extending the power of the current state in relation to similar actors in a similar system.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Strengthening Democracy
Essay from the year 2025 in the subject Politics - Political Systems, language: English, abstract: In an era marked by growing distrust in institutions and increasing demands for citizen involvement, the concepts of citizen consultation and participation, and direct democracy have gained significant attention. These approaches aim to enhance democratic governance by giving citizens a more active role in decision-making processes, fostering a sense of ownership and accountability. Citizen consultation and participation involve various mechanisms, such as public hearings, surveys, and focus groups, designed to gather citizen input and feedback on policy issues. Direct democracy, on the other hand, empowers citizens to make decisions directly through referendums, ballot initiatives, and other mechanisms. This book explores the intricacies of these democratic practices, examining their strengths and weaknesses through case studies and comparative analyses. We will delve into the mechanisms, challenges, and potential of citizen engagement, seeking to contribute to a deeper understanding of how democracy can be made more inclusive, responsive, and effective in addressing the needs and aspirations of all citizens. The book is divided into nine chapters: - Chapters 1-4 focus on citizen consultation and participation, exploring its forms, strengths, and weaknesses. - Chapters 5-8 examines direct democracy, discussing its forms, strengths, and weaknesses. - Chapter 9 discusses the challenges and future directions for citizen engagement, including the impact of technology and the need for inclusive and responsive democratic practices. Through this short analysis, we aim to provide some thoughts that may stimulate discussions on ways to strengthen democratic governance and enhance citizen engagement. In the ANNEX, we provide additional information and basic tools: - (A1) a list of key-political terms with definitions, - (A2) some authors that may matter for t
Illicit Drug Funding
The preponderance of literature and scholarly debate on counterinsurgency (COIN) focuses on the strategic or operational approach: leader-focused; large group-focused; special operations; conventional operations; enemy centric; and the latest, population-centric. While the criticism on the latter approach accuses it of plagiarizing work on the subject written in the 1960s, the current debate may result in distraction from how to effectively do long-term damage to insurgent groups. There is a relatively small conglomerate of scholarly work that focuses on the illicit sources of funding for insurgencies. More to the point, this work addresses the commonalities of this type of funding among seemingly disparate insurgent groups. In a November 2009 interview with the author, Professor Diana Marcela Rojas, an international relations expert and professor at the National University of Colombia states, "There's an availability of this illegal resource that these illegal armed groups take advantage of that explains their military strength and as such their strategy of territorial control [Translated from Spanish by the author]." Dr. Camilo Echand穩a, a professor of economics and expert in conflict studies at the Externado University of Colombia comments to the author, also in November of 2009, "I believe the guerrillas (FARC) are very tied to cocaine despite their military withdrawals of the last 5, 6, 7 years." Gretchen Peters describes in the introduction of her recent book Seeds of Terror: How Heroin Is Bankrolling The Taliban And Al Qaeda, "an explosion of poppy farming across southern Afghanistan." Noteworthy is that Ms. Peters writes "The definition of a Taliban member and drug smuggler is blurring" and goes on to coin the phrase "'FARCification'" of the Taliban." Ms. Peters and other notable authors such as Georgetown University's Dr. Vanda Felbab-Brown in are on to something. Most of the recent scholarship may have moved away from, or never focused on, how the arguablThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Fall of the Integrated Planning System
Planning is an important part of a comprehensive approach to national preparedness. After the September 11 attack on America, President George W. Bush directed the creation of a standardized federal approach to preparedness planning. Congress additionally mandated the creation of a national planning system through the Post Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act. Congress also assigned the Department of Homeland Security to lead the effort in creating the Integrated Planning System. Just over one year after its approval, the White House National Security Staff discontinued the use of the Integrated Planning System (IPS). The quick removal of the IPS raises the question, why was IPS withdrawn so soon after its implementation. This monograph explores the reasons behind the short lifespan of the Integrated Planning System. To answer the question of why IPS was cancelled so quickly, it was important understand the requirements for the system, identify existing government planning systems, identify the origins of IPS, and finally compare IPS to the requirements. The mandates that guided the creation of IPS proved to be vague in the beginning, then ultimately over prescriptive. There was no mandate to analyze existing planning activities. A contemporary examination of planning activities at the time of IPS creation shows three distinct types of federal civilian planning; deliberate, crisis action and program. Since no existing civilian planning system addressed the requirements for IPS, developers chose a military planning process to serve as the model. A detailed comparison of IPS and the Joint Operations Planning Process (JOPP) proves JOPP to be the model for IPS'; creation. A final comparison of IPS with the requirements shows that the IPS did not meet the requirements for a comprehensive approach to national planning. Understanding the mandates, analyzing government planning and comparing the Integrated Planning System to its origin and requirements led to several coThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Eminent Failure
Sudan has been in almost constant civil war since the country's independence in 1956 but the causes of the conflict go back over 1,000 years. Arabic tribes in Sudan have been exploiting their African countrymen through slavery, cattle raiding and resource grabbing since at least the 650s AD. The two civil wars between the African dominated South and the Arabic dominated North were just the latest chapter of a very troubled history. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 (CPA) calls for an independence referendum to take place in the South in 2011: This paper will argue that the referendum will never take place or be considered valid by the GOS if it does. Currently 75 percent of the active oil fields in Sudan are in the South and at current oil prices equate to over 40 percent of the GOS national budget in 2007.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) and Electoral Process in Southwest Nigeria (2015-2020)
Master's Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject Politics - Political Systems, grade: 70, Obafemi Awolowo University, course: Political Science, language: English, abstract: The study identified ways in which the National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) informally gets involved in the electoral process in Southwest Nigeria. It also ascertained the implications of the activities of the NURTW on the electoral process and investigated whether there was a uniformity of perspective and approach among the different state branches of the NURTW vis-?-vis their involvement in the electoral process. It also examined how the electoral process in Nigeria may be enhanced to improve voters' confidence thereby deepening the country's quest for credible election in Southwest, Nigeria. These were with a view to establishing possible nexus between the NURTW and the electoral process. Data for the study were gathered through primary and secondary sources. Primary data were sourced via in-depth interview of 50 Key Informant Respondents (KIRs), which comprise personnel from the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and National Union of Road Transport Workers (NUTRW), some academics in relevant disciplines from Nigerian universities, card carrying members of the All-Progressives Congress (APC) and the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP) as well as commuters and electorates. Secondary data sources included books, journal articles, online publications, newspaper editorials, published and unpublished dissertations and via the internet. The data gathered were analysed through thematic analysis. The study revealed that NURTW informally gets involved in the electoral process in Southwest, Nigeria, through the provision of logistics services such as transportation of election materials. Also, the study established that the involvement of the NURTW in the electoral process enhanced hitch-free conduct of elections. The study found that the nature of the transport union in the
In Other Words, Leadership
"A remarkable story of work, worry, art, faith, community, life, and hope. An instant classic."-- Heather Cox Richardson, historian and author of Democracy AwakeningMarch 2020. Recently-widowed Governor Janet Mills sits alone in Maine's executive mansion, facing an impossible choice: impose unprecedented COVID restrictions on her state, knowing it will destroy livelihoods and trigger fierce opposition. An hour away in the remote Maine woods, young mother and homesteader Ashirah Knapp watches her family's world unravel--then does something unexpected. She picks up a pen and writes the governor a letter of support, promising to send one every week "until we are through this time." What follows is an extraordinary correspondence between two women from opposite ends of Maine's social spectrum, navigating not just the pandemic but the defining moments of our era: vaccine development and skepticism, George Floyd's murder and nationwide protests, the January 6th Capitol attack. Through handwritten letters never intended for publication and the governor's private journal, these women discover their shared values and what it truly means to lead. Shannon A. Mullen weaves this intimate, behind-the-scenes account into a powerful celebration of civility, compassion, and resilience--proof that even in our most divided times, grace and understanding can prevail. This edition includes a new foreword from Dr. Nirav Shah and discussion questions for reading groups.
Filling the Information Void
In meeting the challenges of post-hostility Iraq, the area of information operations (IO) has received a great deal of attention. Unlike combat operations, the center of gravity in post-conflict Iraq has been restoration of basic services and influencing public support and perception. Thus, in post-war conflict, IO, with the objective and means to promote legitimacy, reduce confusion, and influence a population, can reasonably be seen as the decisive operation. Unfortunately, there is substantial evidence that planners faced serious challenges during the transition to post-hostility operations in Iraq. This monograph seeks to add to the Army's understanding of IO by providing an in depth examination of five challenges faced by IO officers at the start of the post-hostility phase of operations in Iraq. This monograph will discuss the major principles contained in FM 3-13, Information Operations: Doctrine, Tactics Techniques and Procedure, and examine whether doctrinal adjustments are needed to provide more effective guidance for IO officers facing the issues identified in the five problem areas. Finally, this monograph ultimately seeks to draw broader observations, both doctrinal and institutional, about what modifications in the area of information operations could aid in the battle to "win hearts and minds."This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Building Bridges in European and Human Rights Law
This unique book, formed as a series of essays in honour of the memory of Paul Heim CMG, the founder of Lincoln's Inn European Group, focusses on the building of bridges between individuals and institutions in European, international, and human rights law. The book features contributions from some of the foremost current or former European and international judges; leading practitioners and officials, each with links to Lincoln's Inn, and former recipients of Lincoln's Inn's dedicated scholarship programmes. The approachable style of the book makes it readily accessible for a wide range of readers including legal scholars, practitioners, students, and those with a general interest in the application of the law and justice in today's interconnected world. Each contribution provides personal reflections and expertise on selected aspects of European and human rights law, and the personal, professional, and technical bridges involved in their development and maintenance, together with insights into their future. The book provides multi-level perspectives on the Court of Justice of the European Union, the EFTA Court, the European Court of Human Rights, and the International Criminal Court, and the interaction of their jurisprudence with domestic law and between themselves, alongside our ever-evolving societies.
Emerging Patterns of American Civil-Military Relations in Sub-Saharan Africa
The role of the Department of Defense in sub-Saharan Africa has increased significantly since 2001 as evidenced by its increased presence, personnel, and programming. Overall, this increasing role takes place in relatively close proximity to other, ongoing civilian efforts. Given this increasing role, a qualitative review of the emerging patterns of American civil-military relations and how they affect planning and execution in sub-Saharan Africa is useful and timely. The methodology relies on the application of selected elements of civil-military theory to the theater strategic, operational and tactical levels. Such elements include issues of control, monitoring, information-sharing, civilian and military preferences, and strategic assessment. Recent applications of institutional theory to civil-military relations, particularly Peter Feaver's agency theory, which derives from the principal-agent theoretical framework, and Risa Brooks'; recent work on the interface between strategic assessment and civil-military relations both provide relevant elements of civil-military relations for this purpose. Building on these efforts to bridge the gaps between theory and practice in American civil-military relations could enhance the discourse associated with civil-military issues, identify key issues, and formulate recommendations for improving operational planning and execution. Much of civil-military theory focuses on issues of civilian control at the highest level of decision-making (i.e., the principals) and often takes place in the context of planning for or executing military operations. However, the Department of Defense increasingly plays an important though decentralized role at the regional level through geographic combatant commands and emphasizes the importance of full-spectrum operations, including non-kinetic options. As a result, it is important to consider the often unexplored area of American civil-military relations as they play out on a day-to-day basis atThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Enduring Rivalry in the Philippines and the Application of Amnesty
Conflict in the Philippines has endured for five centuries. The contemporary conflict between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines (GRP) and the Islamic separatists in the Mindanao islands is the latest evolution of resistance in the Philippines. The GRP's enduring struggle with Islamic separatists has been exacerbated by the fits and starts at which the government attempts to arrive at negotiated settlements. Yet in this process, the GRP has experienced valuable lessons regarding the delicate combination of force, diplomacy and economic programs that are necessary in initiating and sustaining peace. While the elements of amnesty, reintegration and reconciliation (AR2) have been exercised in the Philippines, they have not been implemented as part of a cohesive conceptual construct. In the year 2010, the Philippines will hold its next presidential elections. In two years, the GRP will have the opportunity to inject new energy and resources into their current dilemma, a new initiative for peace within the construct of AR2 can succeed if it is pursued with sincerity and energy.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Women and Politics
Women and Politics: Paths to Power and Political Influence examines the role of women in politics from the early women's movement to the female politicians in power today. Focusing on women whose stories have not yet been told, this book includes new analysis and scholarship on the experiences and viewpoints of conservative women, women of color, LGBT women, and millennial women. Students will gain historical insight into how women have achieved political power and how they have influenced the American political system at the state, local, and national levels, in each branch of government. Engaging profiles of the key players who have shaped our political system are interwoven with an analysis of the most recent election data to provide a comprehensive and unbiased introduction to the study of women and politics.
