Freshwater Pollution and Aquatic Ecosystems
This new volume addresses the environmental impacts of pollution on freshwater aquatic ecosystems and presents sustainable management and remediation practices and advanced technology help to address the different types of pollutants.Freshwater Pollution and Aquatic Ecosystems: Environmental Impact and Sustainable Management considers the need for sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective tools and technologies to assess, monitor, and properly manage the increasing issues of aquatic pollution. It provides detailed accounts of the phenomena and mechanisms related to aquatic pollution and highlights the problems and threats associated with pollution contamination in freshwater. It provides useful insight into the sustainable and advanced pollution remediation technology adopted by different countries for the monitoring, assessment, and sustainable management of pollution.The chapters in the volume evaluate the sources of harmful pollutants, which include industrial effluents, sewage, and runoff from agricultural industries, which result in toxic microbes, organic waste, oils, and high load of nutrients. Unsustainable management practices of domestic sewage and indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides lead to the technological disturbance of aquatic biota. In addition to harming aquatic biota, these pollutants find their way into the human body through inhalation, ingestion, or absorption and finally tend to bio-accumulate in trophic levels of the food chain, which poses a major risk to human beings.This book will be a valuable resource for ecologists, environmentalists, scientists, and many others for their work in understanding and management of aquatic pollutants in freshwater biospheres.
Six Energy Policies to Save the Planet
With a Foreword by Dr Fatih BirolHirst provides a wide-ranging account of international energy strategies designed to counter climate change. He argues that six policies hold the key to addressing this global problem: accelerating action on renewables and energy efficiency; making bold investments in new technologies; persuading the public to adapt; taking firm regulatory action; supporting the developing world; and raising the level of global cooperation.Six Energy Policies to Save the Planet takes stock of the situation today, reviews the potential of available technologies, and examines the interlocking roles of business, public opinion, and government. It considers the geopolitics of climate change, in particular the relations between rich and poor countries and between China and the West. Additionally, it outlines the perspectives of some of the key decision makers, including an increasing number located in the developing world. The final chapters assess the current state of international energy governance and propose reforms.Encouraging us to understand underlying trends and significant levers for change, this book is a topical and fresh insight into one of the most pressing issues we face today.
Six Energy Policies to Save the Planet
With a Foreword by Dr Fatih BirolHirst provides a wide-ranging account of international energy strategies designed to counter climate change. He argues that six policies hold the key to addressing this global problem: accelerating action on renewables and energy efficiency; making bold investments in new technologies; persuading the public to adapt; taking firm regulatory action; supporting the developing world; and raising the level of global cooperation.Six Energy Policies to Save the Planet takes stock of the situation today, reviews the potential of available technologies, and examines the interlocking roles of business, public opinion, and government. It considers the geopolitics of climate change, in particular the relations between rich and poor countries and between China and the West. Additionally, it outlines the perspectives of some of the key decision makers, including an increasing number located in the developing world. The final chapters assess the current state of international energy governance and propose reforms.Encouraging us to understand underlying trends and significant levers for change, this book is a topical and fresh insight into one of the most pressing issues we face today.
From Despair to Discovery
The first book-length biography of Matthias Jakob Schleiden in English. The career of Matthias Jakob Schleiden, who was to transform botany into a rigorous scientific discipline, began with a gunshot. As a youth he had loved art and learning languages, and was not sure what he should do with his life. Under pressure from his parents, he had gone to law school in 1824 and returned to his hometown. Now, four years later, his practice was failing, and everything seemed hopeless. In despair, he shot himself in the head. Happily, the 28-year-old Schleiden recovered, and very reasonably considered a change in profession. He ended up in medical school in G繹ttingen, where he came across a charismatic professor of botany, spent time in the botanical gardens, and later left for Berlin to study with an amazing gathering of scientific luminaries. Much of Schleiden's subsequent career is the stuff of legend. In 1838 he and his friend Theodor Schwann went to dinner, during which they developed the first version of cell theory, which stated that cells comprise the basic units of all living organisms. A few weeks later, Schleiden made another suicidal attempt following an unhappy romance, recovered again, and returned to publish in 1842 a book which helped transform botany from a philosophical enterprise to a scientific field of study based on observation and experimentation. His unlikely career path was to take him to Russia, where he became a Professor of Anthropology, and then back to Germany, where he published a book of poetry and a monograph on the history and symbolism of the rose. In this book, Dr. Mendelson applies his 40 years of experience as a psychiatrist and neuroscientist to illuminate Schleiden's life. He considers the influences of his upbringing and his mentors, as well as the context of the science and culture of his era. Of particular note is the importance to Schleiden of the Romantic movement, which produced an outlook on life to which he was drawn, while eschewing its implications for science. The result is an insightful portrait of Schleiden, whose remarkable life changed the course of botany, and indeed all of biology.
Environmental Processes Systems
Environmental Management System (EMS) evaluates and manages environmental risks and harmful effects in companies and organizations. Environmental management system is a tool for managing the effects of organizations' activities on the environment. This system provides a structured approach to planning and implementing environmental protection measures. In fact, the environmental management system monitors the environmental performance of companies and organizations; just like a company's financial management system, which monitors revenues and expenses and allows for regular reviews of the company's financial performance, this system integrates environmental management with the company's daily activities and operations, its long-term plans, and other aspects of quality management. It is possible to integrate the environmental management system with the ultimate goal of the organization in order to achieve it and at the same time maintain the optimal performance of the organization. This is usually done through the management of the current procedures of the organization. Various types of environmental management systems tell the leaders of the organization or project managers.
The First Incarnation
A collegiate course in philosophy emphasizing material and mechanical foundations for the creation of the world shook Robert E. Ulanowicz's youthful faith to its core. Having difficulty accepting a purely secular and meaningless worldview, Ulanowicz persisted in searching for clues to give meaning to the nature of the cosmos and the evolution of life as we know it. Reaching adulthood in the midst of his career in ecology, his work with networks of connected living processes convinced him that the importance of processes eclipses the subsidiary role that classical thermodynamics had assigned to them. Rather, Ulanowicz discovered what he considers the origins of phenomena that had been considered subjective and outside the purview of physics. The First Incarnation / Hope in Reality stands alone in that it introduces theoretical ecosystems' results to enrich the dialogue between science and religion. In this work, Ulanowicz deconstructs the prevailing view among many scientists that all causality issues from below via the universal force laws of physics at micro-scales and propagates up the hierarchy of life. Though these laws are not violated, they lose their powers to determine outcomes at larger scales and can only constrain against impossible outcomes. Agency must be added to the foundations of evolutionary theory, and this reformation provides rationale for believers to regard agency as an action of a Creator. Ulanowicz is a graduate of the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute and received his PhD in chemical engineering from The Johns Hopkins University. He spent his career as a theoretical ecologist at the University of Maryland's Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, specializing in ecological network analysis. Ulanowicz received the 2007 Ilya A Prigogine Medal for excellence in ecosystem dynamics and has published three books on the philosophy of ecosystem theory and 216 publications in refereed scientific journals (including twelve essays in journals on science and religion).
Circular Economy in a transcomplex context
The text, Circular Economy in the Transcomplex Context. Discovering trends and challenges, is structured in three chapters. In the first. Circular economy as a model of sustainable production and consumption, develops the concept of circular economy, its purposes and bases; as well as the circular economy as a trend of the green economy. The second, Trends in the circular economy, presents some organizational, labor, managerial, legislative, financial and tax trends. It also discusses schools of thought. The third, Circular economy and transcomplex approach, refers to the complexity of living social ecosystems; the transdisciplinary approach to circular economy and the transcomplex approach.
Ozark Forest Forensics
This book interprets our natural surroundings in a way that enhances a simple walk in the scenic deciduous woodlands of the Ozark Mountain region. Explanations go beyond trees and their habitat to include other diverse subjects: the leaf litter beneath a hiker's feet, strategies used by wildflowers for pollination and seed dispersal, diseases that can ravage our forests, and forces active in the landscape that impact conservation efforts. Simplified line drawings demonstrate specific points of interest in a way that visually cluttered photographs cannot do. Includes: 163 line drawings, a list of species used in the text, a glossary, and a reading list.
Ecology of Intertidal area in and around South Mumbai
Ecology, the pioneering subject concerned with the environment of the planet. The coastal zone has long been the subject of fascination and study which represents interface in between the atmosphere, land and water has long been a source of intrigue and research. An ecosystem known as the Intertidal zone is found on Coastal shorelines, where a wide variety of shore-dwelling organisms adapt to variations in high and low tides. The ecology of selected areas of south Mumbai's Intertidal zones is the subject of the book. Mumbai, one of India's most cosmopolitan cities, is situated on the country's west coast. Mumbai coastal waters receive massive quantities of treated and untreated waste waters resulting in coastal pollution. The biodiversity of the coastal waters is at risk because of this pollution. Numerous papers that have been released show that Mumbai's seashore is losing biodiversity. The data on intertidal diversity, which was investigated for two years at specific sites in south Mumbai, is presented in the book. The book's contents will help with Mumbai's coastal water management.
Population analysis of Sciaenidae in the shrimp fishery, SC BRAZIL
Trawling with door nets practiced by the artisanal fleet targeting the seven-barb shrimp (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) on the north-central coast of Santa Catarina is considered efficient in catching the target species. However, it has low selectivity and incidentally catches a large contingent of demersal and benthic fauna, grouped under the name of accompanying fauna, part of which is made up of the Sciaenidae family, which includes teleost fish of great commercial importance. Based on this finding, the aim of this study was to assess the quality and quantity of fish species from the Sciaenidae family present in the accompanying fauna in three traditional seven-barb shrimp fishing areas.
Kernel Smoothing of Rainfall Data in the Northeast
Northeast Brazil has a very complex climate diversity. The rainfall regime is considered seasonal because it behaves more intensely over three internal zones of the region. In addition, rainfall is highly influenced by the incidence of El Ni簽o, La Ni簽a and other phenomena acting on the basins of the Tropical Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. In this study, the mathematical-computational technique of Kernel Smoothing interpolation was applied to rainfall data collected from meteorological stations throughout the Northeast of Brazil, covering almost one hundred years of observations. To carry out this study, the "Cluster Neumann" GPU of the Graduate Program in Biometrics and Applied Statistics of the Department of Statistics and Informatics of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco was used. According to the interpolations carried out, it was possible to detect the wettest and driest seasons, as well as peculiar characteristics of the rainfall regime in the Northeast region of Brazil.
Organic fertilization for family farming
Over the last 10 years, Brazilian agriculture has concentrated its efforts on valuing the social role of family farmers. Historically, scientific research has always valued and dedicated itself to experimentation and the production of production technologies aimed at big agribusiness and export crops. Under a new professional and scientific aegis, the Brazilian Academy of Sciences is now turning its attention to research and the generation of sustainable technologies that enhance small-scale production. It is in this context that we are presenting this work.
Development of a Didactic Game for Teaching Ecology
Playful material is an important tool in teaching methodology, which is valued by most educators because it stimulates the teaching-learning process, creates an environment conducive to shared learning and increases student motivation and interaction. In order to address the content of endangered Brazilian fauna, a didactic game was developed. In this case, a board and card game, which was developed by analyzing high school textbooks, works related to educational games and games already known to the public. It was created using free software available on the internet and Microsoft Word. The result was a visibly attractive game, in which the board produced symbolizes the environment and the cards generated symbolize endangered animals, human attitudes and interspecific relationships, and can be used as a resource to facilitate understanding of the dynamics of nature.
Social and environmental impacts of Maryland Oil Palm plantations
In May 2022, a program team from the Sustainable Development Institute, Friends of the Earth Liberia researched the social and environmental impacts of Maryland Oil Palm Plantations in Liberia. The research finds that land conflict and deforestation have several negative impacts on communities. MOPP has not respected land tenure rights or followed Free Prior and Informed Consent standards, including resettlement without reparation and destruction of farms and old towns without (sufficient) compensation or restitution. During MOPP land acquisition and clearance, communities experienced the loss of their farms and the identification of villages as 'village de squatters', leading to restricted access to farmland, heightened food insecurity, and reduced income from cash crops to support families. MOPP destroyed High Conservation Value areas and destroyed secondary forest regrowth, which affected important biodiversity areas. MOPP is one of the four large-scale industrial palm oil plantations in Liberia in Maryland County. It has a palm oil mill in a joint venture with Golden Veroleum Liberia. Its 2011 concession agreement includes 8,800 hectares for industrial palm oil plantations.
Environmental sustainability through biofiltration
This book challenges traditional wastewater purification, exploring alternatives such as phytodepuration and the use of bivalve mollusks. With an approach focused on economic and environmental benefits, it envisions a future in which sanitation contributes to social progress by reducing global inequalities. The book provides a detailed overview of innovative solutions, charting a path toward a more sustainable and equitable environment.
Vegetation Index and Dynamics - Methodologies for Teaching Plant Diversity and Conservation Status
This book contemplates methodologies that can be used in the teaching of future experts in agriculture and plant cultivation. It expresses the need for knowledge transfer for good territorial management in the current era of climate change. In most cases, land management at the planetary level is sustainable, but today's society demands sustainable development. To improve the training of technicians in sustainable development methodologies, this book presents some methods and techniques compatible with ecodevelopment.
The multidimensional ecological roles of essential oils
Essential oils (EOs) have multifaceted ecological roles, serving as natural alternatives to synthetic biocides. Extracted through various methods, EOs consist of complex mixtures of terpenes and aromatic compounds, offering diverse biological and physicochemical properties. They play vital roles in plant defense and have potential applications in human health and agriculture. However, their excessive exploitation can harm biodiversity. Encapsulation techniques help control EO volatility for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy. Sustainable EO production and utilization are essential for minimizing environmental impact. Further research is needed to evaluate their efficacy and safety in real-world conditions.
Potential of the species Chironomus xanthus as an environmental bioindicator
The dipteran species Chironomus xanthus is being used as a model species in ecotoxicology studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioindicator species C. xanthus in laboratory tests for its sensitivity to different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl). The life cycle of the C. xanthus species was assessed, and ecotoxicological tests were carried out using acute and chronic trials. The tests were conducted using concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 g.L-1 for the acute test, plus control (ASTM medium), with exposures of 24 and 48 hours. For the chronic test, the concentrations were 0.0625; 0.125; 0.25; 0.5 and 1 g.L-1, plus control (ASTM medium), with exposure of 28 days. The study of the sensitivity of C. xanthus to NaCl provides support for assessing whether the environment, especially aquatic ecosystems, can be contaminated by this substance.
E-waste management
This book is intended as a reference book for students in Science Field.The present book, E-waste management presents to properly disposing and managing electronic waste, including old or discarded electronic gadgets such as phones, computers, and televisions.The process involves the collection, transportation, recycling, refurbishing, and disposal of electronic waste in an environmentally-friendly manner.On completion of the course students will be able to- identify e-waste and their types- describe the impact of e-waste on environment and human health- explain the methods for proper disposal of e-waste- explicate regulations for e-waste recycling- illustrate simple measures to recycle e-waste at domestic levelWe are thankful to god & our parents. We also give great thanks to our institution for their full support to publish this book.
Awareness of Ecosystem Services in Mudumu South Complex, Namibia
This book entails more young people's perceptions and awareness of the values that nature offers directly and indirectly to both humankind and the surrounding environment. Based on the four major ecosystem services, learners within and outside conserved areas were assessed because they are the future generations of the country (Namibia); therefore, their awareness of the values of wildlife is critical in determining if they will follow in the footsteps of the current generation in conserving natural resources (wildlife) and cannot be overemphasized. With the aid of questionnaires, results indicated that learners within conservancies are aware of the values of wildlife (ecosystem services) compared to those outside conserved areas. However, they are highly aware of tangible benefits (provisional services). In addition, gender, age, and level of education do not influence learners' awareness of the concept of wildlife and the values generated, with a positive correlation between the level of awareness and level of education, i.e., awareness increased with the level of education. Increased support for environmental education among youth can be beneficial to wildlife conservation.
Environmental Engineering
Environment is a combination of different knowledge in science, which includes a set of biological and environmental factors in the form of environment and non-biological (physical, chemical) that affect the life of a person or species and are affected by it. Today, this definition is often related to man and his activities, and the environment can be summed up as a set of natural factors of the earth, such as air, water, atmosphere, rock, plants, etc., that surround man. The difference between environment and nature is that the definition of nature includes the set of natural, biotic and non-biotic factors that are considered exclusively, while the term environment is described according to the interactions between humans and nature and from the perspective of humans. The variety of weather and the variety of climatic conditions, the type of soil, the difference in height and unevenness are among the factors that lead to the creation of the environment. The surface of the earth is generally divided into 4 parts, which are the rock sphere (lithosphere), water sphere ( hydrosphere), atmosphere and biosphere. Some scientists consider the ice sphere as part of this division.
Spatial temporal analysis of human - wildlife (leopard) conflict
Human wildlife conflicts has been under the lens for a long time. Human response to the conflict situations vary. On one hand, Indians are known to be surprisingly tolerant; but in other cases, people retaliate against wildlife which drives these species to extinction. Conflicts is one of the threats to long term survival of 75 per cent of the world's most iconic species like wild cats. The Indian leopard is reclusive by nature. However, in recent times the animal is seen venturing into human habitation because of dwindling prey base, habitat loss and poaching. The aim is to study the cause, patterns and factors influencing the Human - Wildlife (leopard) Conflict at Valparai, India and to use Spatial Temporal approaches to suggest altered corridors using correlated Walk Analysis to reduce human - leopard interactions. The altered corridor is a suggestion to minimise and limit the movement of animals and humans based on road network and frequency of human population & settlements. The distance based estimated path of HWC is a hotspot where officials must concentrate on alertness and protection measures.
Containing operational risks and achieving sustainable development
With the increase in NCDs worldwide, fueled by global warming (the cause of the deterioration in people's direct living environment), the rise in people's healthcare needs is shifting more and more towards the field of surgery. Indeed, today's new wave of patients suffers more from cancers, diabetes, high blood pressure, tumors, strokes and so on. However, surgical expertise is unfortunately one of the most high-volume, dangerous care practices, with a high risk of nosocomial infections. Its effectiveness is still the least common feature in the health sector between high-income countries and those with low or middle incomes.
Rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) in Elain Forest Reserve, Sudan
This study was conducted at Elain Forest Reserve in North Kordofan State, Sudan to determine biological aspects of the rock hyrax (Procavia Capensis) and factors affecting its population numbers in four kopjes. Vegetation attributes (density, frequency, and abundance) surrounding the kopjes are used to calculate the importance value index, a metric of the number of plant species that are readily available as food for the Rock Hyrax. The Rock Hyrax spends equal time feeding during the dry and wet seasons; standing, scratching, and basking mostly take place in the dry season, yawning in the wet season. A total of 770 individuals of Rock hyrax are found in 30 colonies in the four Kopjes. The mean number of individuals per colony is 25.7. Morphometric of male and female varied considerably. The young-adult ratio, an index of population growth, is increasing steadily. The threat facing the species is hunting; the local community consume the Rock Hyrax meat and use the meat and urine as traditional medicine.
Evaluation of the management of healthcare waste HSW
The alarming amount of waste generated in recent years is worrying, but the concern is even greater as to how it is managed until its final disposal. Special attention is currently being paid to Health Service Waste (HSW), because although the amount of waste generated is not comparable to that of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which is much larger, the way it is managed can be a major problem for both the environment and public health. In order to delve deeper into this subject, this study analyzed the management of solid health service waste in five private clinical analysis laboratories located in the city of Cruz das Almas (BA). To this end, a field survey was carried out using questionnaires to find out how the waste generated in the laboratories was being managed and whether it complied with current regulations. In this way, the contents of this book will be able to help owners and managers in the health sector with regard to managing the waste generated in their establishments, thus avoiding possible legal problems and environmental contamination.
Porto Seguro’s environmental, memorial and tourist dialogues
This book was created and woven from the intellectual restlessness of Denys Henrique Rodrigues C璽mara, Elissandro dos Santos Santana, Huillte Barbosa Jardim dos Santos, Moreno Fernandes do Nascimento, N穩cholas Lula Dias Ralile and Radharani Cabrera Teixeira de Arruda, researchers with disparate yet convergent mental architectures, and at the same time converging mental architectures, encompasses dialogues about environmental, memorial and tourist aspects that are important for understanding Porto Seguro, a city located in the far south of Bahia, in the region known as the Discovery Coast, historically and politically crossed by predatory political-corporate tourism.
Environmental Policy and Public Health
Written by environmental health experts with long teaching and professional careers in policy and public health, the third edition of Environmental Policy and Public Health comprises two volumes addressing key physical hazards in the environment that impact public health. The first volume on Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation is complemented by the second volume, Emerging Health Hazards and Mitigation. The health of the environment is inextricably linked to that of people. Thoroughly updated, Volume 1 describes how the quality of air, water, and food is threatened by the presence of toxic substances and explains why climate change is a global health priority already impacting human health and the environment. The mitigations discussed in this volume are twofold: policies that are intended for control of specific hazards and suggested hazard interventions. The role of policy in addressing each of these key environmental health areas is extensively discussed in this volume as well. Each chapter explains step by step how new environmental health issues are translated into public health policies and concludes with practice questions to facilitate interactive learning for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in public health and environmental sciences. The step-by step approach, as well as the case studies and practice questions, allow for a diverse portfolio of in-person and hybrid pedagogical strategies and tools at the fingertips of faculty who not only teach policy courses, but whose course topics, such as climate and health, have policy relevance.
Environmental Policy and Public Health
Written by environmental health experts with long teaching and professional careers in policy and public health, the third edition of Environmental Policy and Public Health comprises two volumes, addressing key physical hazards in the environment that impact public health. The first volume on Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation is complemented by the second volume, Emerging Health Hazards and Mitigation.Volume 2 discusses emerging health hazards and mitigation including environment-related infectious diseases, COVID-19 pandemic, social justice, and drugs and public health. New in this volume are a chapter on firearms violence as a public health hazard, a chapter on transportation and how built environments can affect human health and social well-being, and a chapter on noise and light pollution. As human populations increase and technology adds more devices to daily use that generate noise and light, adverse human and ecological health effects have become recognizable and require time-sensitive policy actions to mitigate and where possible prevent adverse health effects. Each chapter explains with great clarity how new environmental health issues are translated into public health policies. The volume concludes with case studies and practice questions to facilitate interactive learning for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in public health and environmental sciences. The case studies and practice questions allow for a diverse portfolio of in-person and hybrid pedagogical strategies and tools at the fingertips of faculty who not only teach policy courses but whose course topics have policy relevance, such as climate and health.
Agro-ecology or organic farming in Sub-Saharan Africa
The way biomass is managed on mixed crop-livestock farms is very important for the production of a sufficient quantity of organic manure. In organic farming, producers have no other solution than the production and application of organic manure to ensure the sustainability and productivity of their farming systems, as mineral fertilisers are not authorised and other alternative solutions are not accessible. We therefore hypothesise that farmers involved in organic farming have innovative biomass management practices that could serve as a model for the development of sustainable agriculture. In south-west Burkina Faso, we identified biomass management practices among a sample of 30 heads of farms engaged in organic farming, using a systemic analysis. The surveys revealed different biomass management methods for different types of producer.
Payments for environmental services in a water catchment
The aim of this work is to assess the impacts of the Oasis Project, a programme of payments for environmental services, on the operation of the Vila Regina Water Treatment Plant in the municipality of Apucarana. In the evaluation of the Oasis Project, the influence of turbidity on the consumption of chemical products for water treatment was verified, but it was not possible to quantify the benefits in terms of environmental services acquired by the conservation practices that have already begun since the implementation of the programme. It can be concluded that Payments for Environmental Services programmes such as the Oasis Project should focus on permanence, through changes in land use that are sustainable and resistant to different political and economic times, and should adopt a policy of cooperation between all entities. Partnerships between local, national and regional governments with companies and civil society can provide essential safety nets for the continuity of public policies.
Fertility and Edaphic Fauna of soil under reforestation
Life is made up of fights, battles, wars, etc. The best doesn't always win, but the victories that come from personal and professional struggles have a greater academic connotation. I was fortunate enough to receive guidance for both my undergraduate and master's degrees from two excellent professionals from the Emilio Goeldi Museums of Par獺. Today, as a university professor, I have an idea of the importance of making the right choice in what you want to achieve. To all those who contributed directly and indirectly to this research, my thanks.
Silicon Valley and the Environmental Inequalities of High-Tech Urbanism
In the half century after World War II, California's Santa Clara Valley transformed from a rolling landscape of fields and orchards into the nation's most consequential high-tech industrial corridor. How Santa Clara Valley became Silicon Valley and came to embody both the triumphs and the failures of a new vision of the American West is the question Jason A. Heppler explores in this book. A revealing look at the significance of nature in social, cultural, and economic conceptions of place, the book is also a case study on the origins of American environmentalism and debates about urban and suburban sustainability. Between 1950 and 1990, business and community leaders pursued a new vision of the landscape stretching from Palo Alto to San Jose--a vision that melded the bucolic naturalism of orchards, pleasant weather, and green spaces with the metropolitan promise of modern industry, government-funded research, and technology. Heppler describes the success of a new, clean, future-facing economy, coupled with a pleasant, green environment, in drawing people to Silicon Valley. And in this overwhelming success, he also locates the rapidly emerging faults created by competing ideas about forming these idyllic communities--specifically, widespread environmental degradation and increasing social stratification. Cities organized around high-tech industries, suburban growth, and urban expansion were, as Heppler shows, crucibles for empowering elites, worsening human health, and spreading pollution. What do "nature" and "place" mean, and who gets to define these terms? Key to Heppler's work is the idea that these questions reflect and determine what, and who, matters in any conversation about the environment. Silicon Valley and the Environmental Inequalities of High-Tech Urbanism vividly traces that idea through the linked histories of Silicon Valley and environmentalism in the West.
Agronomic Assessment of the Life Cycle and Carbon Footprint of
Elaies guiniensis (palm oil) is an important commodity that contributes to the livelihoods of many communities, to the GDP of governments and to the achievement of several sustainable development goals (SDGs), biodiversity and climate change However, its continuous cultivation and expansion, due to high and growing demand, has led to many negative effects and subsequent calls to make production sustainable. Sustainable oil palm production is part of the global vision of sustainability, which over the years, economic crises and the climate change debate have focused the attention of academics, industrialists and policymakers to promote a green economy. In this context, the dissertation focused on the economic/financial evaluation and life cycle evaluation of an investment project for oil palm production, covering all phases from the formation of seedlings to their harvest. The quantification of the carbon footprint (emission of greenhouse gases) as well as other environmental impacts with effects on human health, biodiversity and resources, in degraded areas in the Brazilian Amazon.
Ecological soap
1- Filipe Silva Siqueira: Biology teacher at the Educafro-Mg network. PhD student in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (UFOP/2018), Master in Industrial Biotechnology Microbiology (UFOP/2015) and Degree in Biological Sciences (UFOP/2013). 2- Juliene Soto Borges Siqueira: Graduated in Biological Sciences (UNIBH-2017) Technician in clinical analysis (Poliec/2013). 3- Maria Elena Walter: Full Professor at UNIBH, graduated in Chemistry from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (1996) and PhD in Organic Chemistry from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (2004).
Environmental Science
Environmental literacy can be defined as: "the degree to which people have an objective and well-informed understanding of environmental issues." Today, it is extremely important to have a understanding of environmental issues. This is because the human economy is engaged in a wide range of activities that are causing enormous damage to the ecosystems that sustain both our species and Earth's legacy of biodiversity. All around us, this is witnessed by pollution, climate warming, collapsing fisheries, deforestation, the degradation of agricultural soil, extinctions and endangerment of species, and other damages. Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing humanity and other life forms on our planet today. "Environmental pollution is defined as "the contamination of the physical and biological components of the earth/atmosphere system to such an extent that normal environmental processes are adversely affected." Pollutants can be naturally occurring substances or energies, but they are considered contaminants when in excess of natural levels.
Impacts of gold mining on vegetation and soil at Perkoa
This research was carried out with the aim of understanding the impact of traditional gold mining on the vegetation and soil in Perkoa. The soaring price of gold, climatic hazards and poverty have led to a rush by the population, especially in rural areas, to engage in gold panning. There are over 600 gold panning sites in Burkina Faso. Through documentary research, site observations, surveys and chemical soil analyses, the causes of environmental degradation, in particular vegetation and soil, have been identified. This verifies the impact of gold panning on the environment. The main causes of the regressive dynamics of the vegetation cover in the study area are the cutting of wood for support, the making of working tools, the construction of processing and housing sheds, cooking, the clearing of the herbaceous cover and the search for gold nuggets under the plants. This disrupts the site's environment and accentuates the action of water and wind erosion, which have negative repercussions on agricultural activity.
The Elephant and the Dragon in Contemporary Life Sciences
This book provides a powerful diagnosis of why the global governance of science struggles in the face of emerging powers. Through unpacking critical events in China and India over the past twenty years, it demonstrates that the 'subversiveness' assumed in the two countries' rise in the life sciences reflects many of the regulatory challenges that are shared worldwide. It points to a decolonial imperative for science governance to be responsive and effective in a cosmopolitan world. By highlighting epistemic injustice within contemporary science, the book extends theories of decolonisation.
Diversity of Lepidoptera in APP BR-116 from Mafra to Papanduva, SC
The order Lepidoptera is a good tool for conservation biology, as it is sensitive to environmental variations. They also play an important role in many pollination processes and make up important trophic levels in the food chain. They are important in ecosystems due to their interactions with vegetation and fauna. The aim of this study was to determine the families of butterflies (Lepidoptera) in Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) along the BR-116 motorway, from Mafra to Papanduva, SC. Collections took place from March to September, with a sampling effort of 27 hours. A total of 138 individuals belonging to ten families were recorded. It was observed that APP km 031 + 815 showed the greatest diversity, with seven families (Acracidae, Danaidae, Heliconidae, Morphoidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Satyridae). The APPs km 026 + 780 and km 061 + 925 had the lowest diversity, with only one family recorded (Saturidae). In the APPs surveyed there were butterflies from the families Acracidae, Danaidae, Hesperiidae, Heliconidae, Lycaenidae, Morphoidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Riodinidae and Satyridae.
From Transients to Permanent Residents
The rumen serves as a complex ecosystem, harboring diverse microbial communities that play crucial ecological roles. Because previous studies have predominantly focused on anaerobic microorganisms, limited attention has been given to aerobic microorganisms in the goat rumen. This study aims to explore the diversity of aerobic microorganisms in the rumen and understand their niche and ecological roles. Rumen fluid samples were collected from 6 goats at different time points post-morning feeding. pH, NH3-N, and volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentrations were measured, while In vitro cultivation of aerobic microorganisms was performed using PDA medium. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and 16S sequencing unveiled microbial diversity within the rumen fluid samples. Evidence of obligate aerobic microorganisms in the goat rumen suggests their potential contribution to ecological functionalities. Significantly, certain aerobic microorganisms exhibited correlations with TVFA levels, implying their involvement in TVFA metabolism. This study provides evidence of the existence and potential ecological roles of obligate aerobic microorganisms in the goat rumen. The findings underscore the significance of comprehensively deciphering goat rumen microbial communities and their interactions, with aerobes regarded as permanent residents rather than transients. These insights form a solid foundation for advancing our understanding of the intricate interplay between goat and their aerobic microorganisms in the rumen.
Magnetic-Cavitation Cleaning and Changing Water Properties
A unified approach is proposed to explain the set of phenomena that accompany the influence of hydrocavitation and magnetic field on water systems. The mechanism of influence of the magnetic field on the kinetics of biochemical reactions was investigated. The magnetic field significantly affects the kinetics of those physicochemical processes in aqueous solutions, in the mechanism of which hydrogen bonds play a dominant role. The simultaneous cavitation-magnetic effect on the liquid medium allows to achieve a significant intensification of physico-chemical transformations in water flows and a change in its properties: an increase in pH, a decrease in the coefficient of surface tension and boiling point. As a result of the conducted research, a number of designs of vibrating machines and equipment have been developed, which can be used to improve the characteristics of drinking water, preliminary preparation for its further treatment, illumination and oxygen saturation, acceleration of the fermentation processes of biological particles in water streams.
Ground Water Impacts Resulting From Oil And Gas Field Operations
The exploration and exploitation of Oil and gas has effects on groundwater; which is a vital natural resource necessary for daily consumption and human sustenance. The production of the 2 products mentioned above is closely linked to 2 disciplines -Energy and Environmental Law. Two technologies in the United States, have unlocked Oil and gas from shale -Hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. Operators using both technologies use water mixed with small amounts of proppants and other chemicals to fracture the shale rock so that oil and gas may flow through them. Groundwater supply is most of the water needed for hydraulic fracturing in areas that lack available surface water. The potential to impacts on drinking water resources from hydraulic fracturing water withdrawals are highest in areas with high fracturing water use and low water availability. Recent complaints filed indicate water that is considered "potentially usable" by regulatory definition cannot be used for domestic, agricultural or industrial purposes without blending and treatment. By dint of the above, treatment is necessary to render water extracted from the affected zone usable.
Impact of trees associated with cocoa trees on prevalence
Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV) threatens the main cocoa-producing basins of C繫te d'Ivoire, to such an extent that the fight against this disease is a priority for all players in the cocoa industry. To contribute to the fight against the Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus disease, this study was initiated with the general objective of assessing the impact of trees associated with cocoa trees on the prevalence and configuration of CSSV disease outbreaks in cocoa farms in the Fresco department. To this end, the infection of plantations by swollen shoot disease was characterized, and a botanical inventory of shade trees was carried out in and around foci. Finally, the crowns of these trees were projected onto the ground. The measurement of shade tree densities showed that there were more trees around the homes than in them. The results show that shading does not influence the spread and development of CSSV symptoms in cocoa farms.
Regression Modeling in R
In times of rapid change in the environment such as the one we live in, increasing knowledge of the interaction between organisms and their ecosystems is fundamental to generating information that can be translated into protection and conservation practices. Ecology is a crucial science for understanding the occurrence, distribution and evolution of living organisms, especially sessile plants. Advances in statistical modeling, especially regression techniques, have become an essential ally in the investigation of causal factors in the ecological patterns of species and their interactions. This progress has been widely promoted in the R software through the development of packages for various types of analysis. The content of this book focuses on various regression models in R applied to Plant Ecology, based on practical examples of analysis based on real data freely provided by the authors. Using simple, clear language, this book can also be used by people from various academic fields, but especially by postgraduate students and researchers in the fields of Ecology, Biodiversity, Forest Engineering and Agronomy.
Tourism and Recreation an Environmental Impact Assessment
The focus of this study was the tourism and recreation activities carried out on a stretch of the Rio Negro near the city of Manaus. The main objective was to assess the extent to which these activities are directly or indirectly responsible for impacts on the environment and to describe the environmental quality of this stretch of the Rio Negro. A bibliographical review was carried out relating the themes of tourism and the environment, and their interactions and impacts. Work on the climate, geology, geomorphology and vegetation of the study area was also reviewed. This body of information helped to define field actions that would enable a retrospective assessment of environmental impacts and forms of land use, whether or not they were directly linked to tourism or recreation. The legacy of this study is the need to organize land use in order to avoid or mitigate environmental damage.
Microfibre Pollution from Textiles
Textile materials shed microfibres during different phases of their life cycle. While much attention has been paid to the impact of microplastics on the environment, there has been less focus on the impact of microfibre pollution, which also poses a serious environmental threat. Microfibre Pollution from Textiles: Research Advances and Mitigation Strategies shines a light on the hidden effects of textile microfibre pollution and examines its generation in manufacturing, use including laundering, and disposal. It details advancements and gaps in the quantification and characterization techniques that are emerging in the growing field of study of microfibre pollution in textile technology.The book Examines the contributions of the textile and fashion industries to microfibre pollution, from production to disposal Reviews recently developed methods and technological advancements in the identification and quantification of microfibres from textiles Addresses emerging sustainable mitigation strategies and sustainable textile production methods that can potentially reduce or eliminate microfibre shedding Details the state-of-the-art on existing regulations and standards and provides scope for future research in the area of standard development By bridging the gap between environmental and textile studies, this book is aimed at researchers and advanced students in textile and environmental science and engineering.
Decarbonization Strategies and Drivers to Achieve Carbon Neutrality for Sustainability
Decarbonization Strategies and Drivers to Achieve Carbon Neutrality for Sustainability emphasizes the significance of various decarbonization strategies. Sections cover contributions of bioenergy to decarbonization, non-fossil energy targets, the role of wind energy, hydrogen energy, potential of geothermal energy, nuclear energy, wind to energy, role of electrification and carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies, and more. The book aims to explain how reducing petroleum consumption and supplementing alternate sources of renewable fuels is vital and would strengthen decarbonization.
Agronomic Life Cycle Assessment and Carbon Footprint of Oil Palm
Oil palm (Elaies guiniensis) is an important commodity that contributes to the livelihoods of many communities, to the GDP of governments and to the achievement of various Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), biodiversity and climate change. However, its cultivation and continued expansion, due to high and growing demand, has led to many negative effects and subsequent calls to make production sustainable. Sustainable oil palm production fits into the global vision of sustainability, which over the years, economic crises and the climate change debate have focused the attention of academics, industrialists and policymakers on promoting a green economy. In this context, the dissertation focused on the economic/financial evaluation and life cycle assessment of an investment project for oil palm production, covering all the stages from seedling formation to harvesting. The quantification of the carbon footprint (greenhouse gas emissions) as well as other environmental impacts with effects on human health, biodiversity and resources, in degraded areas in the Brazilian Amazon.
