Environmental hydrodynamics in the lower S瓊o Francisco and anthropic actions
The mouth of the S瓊o Francisco River was an almost obligatory stopping point for Portuguese and other nationalities' caravels that sailed along the Brazilian coast for centuries because of its fresh water, which flowed into the Atlantic Ocean, as well as to replenish supplies of local fruit and wood for ship repairs. This paradise was a source of inspiration for artists and people who lived off its abundance of fresh water, generous agricultural harvests and plentiful fishing. Unfortunately, the development advocated in the 20th century planned and built major works on the S瓊o Francisco River with an emphasis on economic issues, without thinking about social and environmental aspects. Thus, today the mouth of the S瓊o Francisco River presents problems such as the advance of the salt wedge, which cause conflicts. The study of the environmental hydrodynamics of the mouth of the S瓊o Francisco River is opportune because it enables a better understanding of the environmental and social problems that unbalance the environment. Prof. Dr. Antenor de Oliveira Aguiar Netto.
Influence of hydro-edaphic factors on the igap籀 tree community
Several studies have described the clear influence of the flood pulse on the differential distribution of species and the existence of distinct phytophysiognomies along the topographic gradient in the floodplain. However, few similar studies have been carried out in igap籀, and the results obtained so far allow us to verify that there is some variation in species composition according to the duration of flooding; however, the existence of species zonation along the gradient has not been described so far. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of hydro-edaphic factors on the floristic composition, richness, diversity, basal area and density of individuals in the igap籀 forest of the Ja繳 National Park (Amazonas, Brazil), as well as to identify the existence of species zonation along the flooding and edaphic gradients.
Pathways to a New Environmental Ethic
We live under the threat of humanity's self-inflicted extinction. While technological approaches to climate mitigation are admirable, our ecological crisis results ultimately from an inherited, unexamined concept of selfhood and a misconceived view of nature. The received idea that our self exists inside our skull engenders an assumption that nature is "out there," with devastating results. This book explores three new ways of thinking about the interrelation of ourselves and "nature" Merleau-Ponty's notion of embodiment, the connection between enactivism and affordances, and object oriented ontology. These approaches to selfhood reorder our moral obligations: What are our responsibilities to ourselves, our children, and nature itself? An embodied ethic can transcend cultural biases and offer a new way of confronting climate change. To meet environmental challenges, we need to change our minds about our minds.
Groundwater Management for Sustainable Agriculture in the North China Plain
This book is a unique text that explores recent research on the management of sustainable groundwater use in the North China Plain (NCP), where aquifers are suffering the most severe over-pumping in the world and have caused serious ecological degradation. It contains research conducted by the editor and his teams on several projects over the past 18 years.Key topics covered include: comprehensive scheme and pathways to achieve sustainable groundwater management description of theoretical basis for water saving and technologies developed in practice at field scale adjusting cropping patterns and planting structure to reduce the cultivation intensity to a suitable extent soft measures such as water metering, pricing, and water marketing being applied in groundwater management practice in the NCP It will be an invaluable resource to graduate students, education and research staff, and agriculture or water resources authorities.
Technological Roadmaps to Net Zero Emissions Target by 2030 and 2050
De-carbonizing the energy system begins with changes in demand, which lead to signified reductions in fossil fuel use by 2030 in the NZE Scenario compared to STEPS. Growing deployment of solar and wind generation displace fossil fuels in the power sector, particularly coal. Oil demand is reduced mainly through widespread adoption of electric vehicles and behaviour changes, while efficiency plays a major role in reducing demand in the industry and buildings sectors. Production capacity for many key materials and technologies needs to be scaled up to align with net zero ambitions.
Huangpu River
This book, titled "Huangpu River: the Evolution and Treatment of Water Pollution," is a passionate endeavor stemming from the author's deep love for Shanghai's Huangpu River and a commitment to water environment protection. The book is a comprehensive guide aimed at documenting the river's water pollution history, analyzing current water quality, and offering scientific management strategies.The Huangpu River, an emblem of Shanghai, is at the heart of the city's ecological health.The book is structured into several sections: Historical Review, Analysis of the Current Situation, Case Study, Governance Strategies and Future Outlook.The book serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, environmental professionals, researchers, and the public, aiming to deepen their understanding of the Huangpu River's past, present, and future, and to encourage active participation in water environmental protection initiatives.
Sustainable Engineering, Energy, and the Environment
This book takes a unique interdisciplinary look at the latest developments, advances, and trends in the interrelated areas of sustainable engineering, energy, and the environment, focusing on environmental engineering for renewable and green energy. It looks at new research and studies on a variety of topics in green nanotechnology, green processing and solar energy, sustainable energy policies, biofuels, fuel cells, and much more.The first section of Sustainable Engineering, Energy, and the Environment: Challenges and Opportunities looks at myriad issues in sustainable energy, such as sustainable urbanism through space planning and residential building design, a method to convert vibrations from mechanical work into power, energy grid maintenance, mathematical modeling and time analysis of various mechanical activities, and more. Topics on sustainable energy include voltage systems for stand-alone nanogrids, new sources for biodiesel production, solar energy conversion, protection equipment for windmill towers, etc. The section on sustainable environment explores issues such as industrial water recycling, regeneration of spent-activated carbon in pharmaceutical production, smell mitigation and recovery of fuel from waste, the water footprint of agriculture, etc.Key features Presents advances and developments in the areas of engineering, energy, and environment under sustainable development Examines potential issues of understanding of green buildings and their energy efficiency Presents case studies on sustainable urbanization Presents novel clean technology applications for attaining environmental sustainability Assesses green auditing and natural capital accounting Describes relevant experimental techniques This book features important contributions from scientists, academicians, and professionals on the latest developments and advances in the interrelated fields of sustainable engineering, energy, and environment.
Green Nanomaterials
Recent technological advancements in green nanotechnology have opened a brand-new avenue for research and development in the field of medicinal plant-mediated nanoparticles, biopolymers, biotechnology, and antimicrobial and biomedical research. This new volume explores several eco-friendly technologies in green materials synthesis, which are of considerable importance. It takes an inter- and cross-multidisciplinary approach to the green chemistry of nanoengineering and green nanotechnology application in materials research. It provides informative coverage of this exciting and dynamic new field as well as relates the fundamentals of soft-nanomaterials fabrication and spectroscopic integration.The book explores bio-inspired self-assembly green nanomaterials for multifunctional applications as well as the design and synthesis of green polymeric nanomaterials for several pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, including biosensors, drug delivery, antimicrobial applications, etc. Also discussed is the fabrication of green polymer nanocomposites from waste and natural fibers, such as chitin fiber, chitin whisker fiber, cellulose fiber, nanocellulosefiber, eggshells, and cotton waste.
Transformative Participation for Socio-Ecological Sustainability
We, as humans, are currently facing urgent socio-ecological challenges (climate change, demographic increase, booming inequalities, etc.). These challenges are reinforced by systems of financial control at the international level, extractive natural resources strategies, lack of effective democracies, the surge in conflicts and wars, etc. This book is based on the assumption that these challenges cannot be faced without the enhanced participation of all stakeholders-from citizens to policy-makers-in the decisions that affect our social-ecological systems. This means that stakeholders must no longer simply be informed, but acquire the capacities to decide, act and adapt autonomously. In this sense, participation must be transformative. This book argues that this transformation needs to be accompanied by approaches, methods and concrete feedbacks. Therefore, this book aims to give an account of a diversity of practices and methods used to involve the various stakeholders, including the public, in transformative decision-making towards socio-ecological sustainability. It answers questions such as: How to engineer a participatory process? How can facilitators acquire the skills needed to facilitate such a process? How can role-playing games support decision and change? How to design territorial development plans with thousands of citizens? What digital platform can be designed to support participatory policy making? How can the impact of a participatory process be monitored and evaluated? What is the role of experts in these processes?
Entrepreneurship in Renewable Energy Technologies
This book focusses on various options of taking up ventures for starting entrepreneurship in small/large scale in the field of renewable energy technologies.
Environmental assessment and forecasting of urban forestry waste
Urban tree management generates biomass waste, consisting of branches, leaves, fruit and trunks. This biomass waste has the potential to be used as an energy source, especially in industry and commerce. With this in mind, this study carried out an environmental assessment and forecast of waste from Jo瓊o Pessoa's urban tree plantations as an energy alternative. The objectives were: i) to diagnose and plan the maintenance of urban tree planting in Jo瓊o Pessoa; ii) to assess the environmental impacts and analyze different scenarios for waste from urban tree planting in Jo瓊o Pessoa, with a view to including it in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and iii) to analyze the forecast volume of waste from urban tree planting in Jo瓊o Pessoa. In order to achieve the objectives, an inventory of urban tree planting was carried out using simple random sampling, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was developed using the IPCC 2013 GWP 100a method, and models from the ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) family were applied.
Adaptive Sanitary Landfill
Most of the institutions experienced unprecedented student expansion, therefore had left the university scrambling to find workable solutions to its waste management issues since sustainable development goals' main objectives of environmental sustainability and sustainable development depend on effective waste management. Therefore, the management of solid waste beneath the university system was the focus of this book.
Effects of pesticides on tropical amphibians
This book is based on work carried out in the Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences at the Federal University of Tocantins-UFT. This program deals with interdisciplinary issues focusing on the environment and the Brazilian Legal Amazon region. In this context, the authors Raquel A. M. Lima (at the time a master's student in the program and whose research was the basis for this book) and Adriana Malvasio (a professor in the program since 2003), decided to investigate issues involving the use of pesticides and their effects on the biodiversity of amphibians in the region of Lagoa da Confus瓊o-TO - one of the biggest agricultural advances in the state. The book is divided into three parts: chapter 1 deals with general aspects of the use of pesticides in agriculture and their possible effects on amphibian biodiversity; chapter 2 deals with quantitative and qualitative data from producers and commercial establishments that work with pesticides; and chapter 3 consists of a histological study of a frequently occurring species in the region. As a result, it was possible to cover the essential issues of this current and worrying topic, which is of interest to all sectors of society.
Ecology, Biodiversity and Systematics
"Ecology, Biodiversity, and Systematics" digs deeply into the concepts of biodiversity, the principles of ecology and the delicate web of life. The book provides a complete picture of the mechanisms that support life on Earth, from the fundamental ideas of ecological interactions to the intricacies of global biodiversity. The book is an important resource for academics, students and anybody who is interested about the natural world because it incorporates the most recent research with real-life case studies. In addition, the book offers a plethora of recognition of the interconnectedness of ecology, biodiversity and systematics. The approach projected in the book is far-reaching, benefiting students, researchers and teachers. As the entire world is facing incessant challenges, the principles of care and empathy in education offer a powerful framework for nurturing the potential of every learner and creating a more compassionate and equitable world able to mitigate climate change and global warming impacts.
Small Islands in Peril?
This book explores the idea that small island communities could be regarded as canaries in the coal mine of sustainable development because of scientific and anecdotal evidence of a common link between rapid population growth, degradation of the local resource base, and intensification of disputes over the ownership and use of terrestrial and marine resources. The authors are all anthropologists with a specific interest in the question of whether the economic and social 'safety valves' that have previously served to break some of the feedback loops between these trends appear to be losing their efficacy. While much of the debate about economy-society-environment relationships on small islands has been overtaken by a narrow focus on the problem of climate change, the authors show that there are many other factors at work in the transformation of island lives and livelihoods.
Flood Handbook
Written by experts from around the world, this handbook presents different aspects of flooding in the context of changing climate and across geographical locations.
Efficiency of an Exotic Parasitoid Reared on Different Substrates
Fopius arisanus [Sonan, 1932] (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an egg-pupal parasitoid of fruit flies that has been used very successfully in Hawaii. Introduced to Brazil in November 2012 and, in April 2013, at Embrapa Semi獺rido, it has been the subject of various research studies to adapt it to laboratory rearing under local conditions. The successful use of this species in biological control programs for fruit flies, Bactrocera dorsalis and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Hawaii, makes its use in the control of B. carambolae in Amap獺 and C. capitata in the S瓊o Francisco Valley promising.
Vascular epiphytism in the Sorocaba/M矇dio Tiet礙 River Basin
Around 10% of all vascular plants in the world have an epiphytic habit. This book characterizes the floristics, structure and spatial distribution of the vascular epiphytic community in protected and unprotected forest fragments in the Sorocaba/M矇dio Tiet礙 watershed, which has three vegetation types - cerrado (CER); semideciduous seasonal forest (FES); dense ombrophilous forest (FOD). Seven forest fragments were investigated in each vegetation type. A total of 1080 phorophytes were assessed and divided into six vertical strata. We recorded 176 epiphytic species belonging to 66 genera and 14 families; H'=3.695; J=0.713; DMg=18.39. Among the species, 56% were anemochoric and 44% zoochoric. The greatest floristic similarity was observed between CER and FES; FOD had the highest number of exclusive species (94 spp.). The vertical distribution was different between CER and FOD, and between FES and FOD, but similar between FES and CER. The results indicate the dependence of the epiphytic community on atmospheric humidity. The presence of 50 species under some degree of threat constitutes a strong argument for the conservation of forest fragments in the basin.
Study of the Bioecology of the Mapar獺 (Hypophthalmus marginatus)
The mapar獺 (H. marginatus) found at the mouth of the Par獺 River up to near the Tucuru穩 dam is popularly known as "Mapar獺-do-nosso", they live in lentic environments, are smaller, robust and the color of their backs is a lighter gray, while the mapar獺 found both along the course of the Tocantins River above the dam, and in the dam lake (lotic environments), are elongated and narrow with a dark back, they are popularly known as "Paulo Isid籀rio". It is one of the most traded fish in the Lower Tocantins.
The Influence of Ecological Factors on the Human Organism
The monograph is devoted to the problems of the influence of environmental factors on the health of the population living in the conditions of the Southern Aral Sea region. The results of research on the ecological assessment of the state of human population health are presented, which reflects the state of the ecosystem of the Southern Aral Sea region as a whole. The book is addressed to scientists, teachers of higher educational institutions, doctoral students, undergraduates, graduate students, as well as for those who are interested in the problem of environmental protection and reducing the consequences of the Aral ecological crisis in the Southern Aral Sea region.
Climate Change
Climate change is a major worldwide issue of the twenty-first century because of its rapid acceleration and growing intensity, which will have profound effects. India's environmental, socioeconomic, and urban landscapes have undergone a significant upheaval as a result of the consequences of climate change. Extreme weather events have become more frequent and numerous in India in recent years, putting vulnerable people at risk. The effects of climate change are widespread in India having a wide range of repercussions over the entire nation. The book, 'Climate Change: An Indian Perspective' depicts a bird's eye view about climate change in India. The book is useful for academicians, policy makers, scholars, researchers, public health professionals, social workers and people involved in climate research.
Wood, Trade, and Spanish Naval Power (C.1740-1795)
By focussing on timber sourcing, this book sheds light on the exploitation of forests in settings outside the Iberian Peninsula, including foreign states in the southern Baltic region and the colonial territory of New Spain between the c.1740-1795. Analysis of contracts, projects, and their implementation by the Spanish crown in the 18th century allow for a better understanding of the position of the Spanish monarchy's nearly global efforts to sustain its naval commitments in the Atlantic World.
Eco-Degradation Biodiversity and Health
Survival of any organism depends upon its surrounding environment. The relationship between man and his environment is never static. Man's extensive interaction with the environment has resulted in Eco-Degradation. The Eco-Degradation is pose to come up as one of the major concerns for the mankind. Increasing rate of Urbanisation, Industrialisation, Mining, Deforestation and Population explosion resulted in highly polluted milieu and formidable health hazards not only for the mankind but for the entire living beings. The present book deals with the impact of Eco-Degradation on Population Health as well as Aquatic Health. Actual scientific research articles/reviews were included in the book were written by the eminent scientists of the field. This book will be of great use as a reference book to students/research scholars/scientists working in the field of Environmental Studies, Life Sciences and Social Sciences.
Ecotoxicological assessment of crude oil
In an oil spill in mangrove areas, there is a high possibility of oil aggregation with suspended particulate matter, which may determine the bottom sediment as the final destination of the OSA (Oil-Suspended Particulate Aggregate). In many cases, this formation can pose a great risk to benthic and nectonic organisms. Ecotoxicity tests with these organisms have been widely used as one of the most accurate forms of biological monitoring of anthropogenic impacts on different ecosystems. This study evaluates the ecotoxicity of OSA formation in mangrove simulations, using sediment samples collected along the Rio Pardo estuary, in the municipality of Canavierias, Bahia, through pilot-scale tests with simulation units, carried out with oil from the Campos basin. The procedure was carried out using acute and chronic exposure toxicology tests to determine the CL50 (50% lethal concentration) using the copepod Nitokra sp. and the microcrustacean Artemia salina.
Threads of Green
Ride the Echoes of the Past into a Luminous Future Imagine a future where civilization thrives in perfect harmony with nature. A Sustainable Civilization: Historical Echoes and Modern Challenges charts a course through our past to steer the ship of progress towards a sustainable vista. This book is an exploration of humanity's place within the Earth's tapestry and a guide to shaping a world that future generations will inherit with pride.Delve deeply into The Imperative for Change, where the calling for sustainability transcends a buzzword into a visceral necessity. Discover a rich tapestry of wisdom woven from history with Lessons from History: Tracing Our Sustainable Roots, unveiling the stark reminders and hidden inspirations of our ancestors' interaction with the environment. The narrative escorts you on an odyssey to grasp the complex relationship between human progress and the ecological balance.Turning the page to today's pressing narrative, confront the sobering truths of A World in Flux, where climate change becomes tangible, biting into the core of our existence. But this isn't a tale of despair. It's a rallying call illuminated by pathways of endurance and strategies of resilience, underpinning optimism and actionable wisdom. Within the chapters, learn about The Renewable Revolution and how the ardor for sustainable energy ignites the quintessential transformation imperative for our species' survival.The tour de force doesn't halt at the water's edge. Embark upon an aquatic voyage in The Waters of Life: Quenching a Thirsty World and Oceanic Heritage: Guarding the Marine Commons, exploring the critical role water bodies play in scripting the saga of a sustainable civilization. Witness the challenges they face and the innovative solutions creating ripples of positive impact.With each chapter, from the foreboding threats to biodiversity in Biodiversity's Beacon to the futuristic visions meted out in New Horizons: Technological Frontiers in Sustainability, the book fosters an understanding that sustainability isn't a destination-it's a genesis of ongoing efforts interlinking economics, ecology, technology, and culture.A Sustainable Civilization: Historical Echoes and Modern Challenges is an essential read for scholars, students, policymakers, and anyone determined to be a steward of this magnificent planet. Join us on this panoramic expedition that transcends the mere facts of sustainability. It's an experience of wonder, awakening, and ultimately, hope." Join the ranks of those who dare to not only envisage a more coherent and resilient future but have the audacity to co-create it.
Current Trends in Veterinary Vaccines and Diagnostics
Livestock and poultry is the wealth of any nation as it contributes directly or indirectly to human health and ultimately the country's economy. Infectious diseases cause large scale economic loss due to high morbidity and mortality. In India, due to infectious diseases the combined annual loss in bovines is estimated to be Rs. 27545 crores. Effective disease control and prevention strategies are must to overcome such losses. If understanding disease epidemiology can provide means for disease control and prevention, understanding the nature of pathogens leads to vaccine development. The present book highlights the recent update on important diseases of animals, like Rabies, PPR, HS, Bovine Herpes Virus, Mycoplasmosis, Foot Rot, Canine Distemper, Parvo virus and African swine fever. Before update on disease diagnosis laboratory safety is also included. Recent insight of antimicrobial resistance like ESBL-E. coli and methicillin-resistant (Staphylococcus aureus). Vaccine is the most effective means of disease control and prevention and have also resulted in successful eradication of diseases in animals and in humans.
Efficiency of Apis mellifera L. hive densification and management
This study conducted in the Chapada Diamantina was stimulated by observations previously made which suggested that there was a pollination deficit in the Eva orchard. The book therefore presents the results of studies carried out in 2008, 2010 and 2011, the main objectives of which are discussed in two chapters. In the first chapter, we assessed the pollination deficit in the apple orchard under the local conditions of pollinator management usually employed by growers. In the second chapter, we investigated the effect of supplementation with 7, 9 and 11 Apis mellifera hives/ha, with and without pollen collectors, on the density of visits and the production of seeds in the fruit. From this study we hope to determine the number of hives and the most appropriate management to increase productivity in the orchard. This book is aimed at all apple growers who want to increase productivity by using the Apis mellifera L. bee.
Pseudorabies Virus, Volume II
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an important swine pathogen that impacts the swine industry worldwide. PRV belongs to the alphaherpes virus subfamily of the herpesviruses and has been widely used as a model for herpes virus. Most recently, PRV has been reported to sporadically spillover into humans and other animals. This book collates the lastest advances in the field of pseudorabies virus research, including critical reviews and research on viral epidemiology, virus-host interaction, pathogenesis and immunity, and novel antiviral strategies.
Frontiers in Canine and Feline Gastrointestinal Disease
Clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease are amongst the most common presenting complaints in small animal veterinary practice. Over the last decade, many scientific advances have been made regarding determining the etiopathogenesis, improving diagnostics, and optimizing the treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases in dogs and cats. Despite this, there are still large knowledge gaps in our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis and, therefore, the development of non-invasive diagnostic methods or efficacious treatments for common gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic inflammatory enteropathy, canine protein-losing enteropathy, and feline enteric-associated T-cell lymphoma-2. Therefore, the publication of new scientific findings focused on canine and feline gastroenterology will help to advance our understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of the present Special Issue was to gather, in one publication, the most recent advances in canine and feline gastrointestinal research.
Environmental Sustainability Index
The river basin is a complex environmental system, resulting from the interrelationships between the physical-natural and socio-economic subsystems. Identifying it as a unifying unit for environmental processes and human interference has led to its adoption as a research unit, allowing for the assessment of environmental quality and sustainability, based on the analysis of physical-chemical, biological and socio-economic factors. The aim of this work is to compose a Water Use Sustainability Index (ISA) to help support the adoption of public policies aimed at the sustainable use of water resources.
Novel Challenges and Therapeutic Options for Liver Diseases
This Special Issue focuses on cutting-edge developments, from viral diseases via autoimmune, vascular, metabolic disorders, to liver cirrhosis and its complications, such as acute and chronic hepatic failure and the development of primary liver cell carcinoma. Digitalization, prevention, and telemedicine are also included. Finally, this Special Issue gives new insights in future translational hepatology.
Nutritional Status and Interventions for Patients with Cancer
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The World Cancer Research Fund determined that the diet and nutrition conditions of the individuals are modifiable risk factors in the development of several cancers and a predominant component in the recovery and effectiveness of the treatments. Nutritional intervention is critical, but nutritional support is not widely accessible to all individuals, leading to potential nutritional risk and nutrition wasting. A multidisciplinary approach with targeted nutrition is vital to improve the quality of care in oncology. Cachexia management remains a challenge in clinical practice and malnutrition is accepted as a significant negative predictive and prognostic factor in all cancer patients. The importance of metabolic interactions within the tumours are crucial and the mechanisms by which dietary factors might increase or decrease therapeutic intervention are key factors to unravel the nutrition influences in cellular and molecular processes in cancer.
Plant Physiology
Plant physiology is influenced by a combination of internal and external factors that have led to remarkable diverse functions. Recent progress in understanding the proximate basis of plant physiology has revealed a myriad of underlying mechanisms, ranging from genomics and epigenomics to transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. This Special Issue called for review or research articles, short letters, and reports that provided novel insights into plant physiological mechanism research. It is centered around timely topics, including the molecular and physiological mechanisms of character improvement, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, hormonal and environmental signaling, and postharvest. We welcomed research using cutting-edge technologies, such as genomics, ATAC-seq, and genome editing. We encouraged the publication of research papers with significant innovative technologies and creative ideas related to plant physiology. In addition, we invited experts in plant physiology to write up-to-date review articles that highlight recent advances and future perspectives.
Wildlife conservation and management
Introduction to wildlife conservation and management, legislation, valuing nature, animal ecology, protection of natural areas and their objectives, threats and extinction of wild animals, extinctions caused by man, the Red Book and the assessment of extinction risk by the standards of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), wildlife inventories, wildlife conservation and preservation, wildlife management.
Metagenomic Analysis for Unveiling Agricultural Microbiome
Microbial communities play crucial roles in sustaining agricultural ecosystems, influencing both crop health and productivity. Microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi in the soil, are pivotal in the cycling of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. They convert these elements into forms that plants can readily absorb, thereby directly impacting soil fertility and plant nutrition. Soil microorganisms are also known to produce hormones and other biochemicals that promote plant growth. This biological control is instrumental in managing crop diseases and reducing dependency on chemical pesticides. Moreover, microorganisms play a critical role in helping plants cope with abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity and extreme temperatures. Such biodiversity is essential for robust agricultural systems that need to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Fighting Forest Fires to save water resources
Forest fires are one of the main environmental problems facing the world today, consuming thousands of hectares of forest every year and directly influencing global warming due to the carbon dioxide (CO2) released in huge quantities by these fires, as well as being one of the biggest culprits in the destruction of natural animal habitats on the planet and, consequently, one of the biggest causes of species extinction. Over time, new technologies and procedures have been researched with a view to controlling forest fires and fighting them more efficiently, with less wear and tear on firefighters and less water consumption, given the increasing scarcity of this resource. As it becomes more difficult to obtain water and the intensity of the fire increases, the need arises to use chemical products that improve the efficiency of water in extinguishing the fire or that can replace it. The aim of this work was to optimise the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for fighting fire in vegetation using chemical flame retardants, with a view to saving water resources.
Tetra Pak recycling for the construction industry
The practice of using recyclable materials in construction is becoming more common every day. This positive trend aims to build a sustainable legacy for new generations, in line with the new world order. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyse the confluence of mechanical properties in concrete, specifically the use of cardboard packaging fibre, by subjecting the fibre to the axial compressive strength test, according to NBR12118, over a period of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. From natural concrete to the use of cartonboard strips cut with a guillotine to form strips with a thickness of 30mm x 3mm. This work is moving towards the great challenge of adding carton packaging to natural aggregate in the manufacture of concrete for the final construction product. The results of the 28-day compressive strength test were 24.5 MPa for 100% natural aggregate, 22.53 MPa with the addition of 5% carton packaging, 20.09 MPa with the addition of 10% carton packaging and 16.22 MPa with the addition of 15% strips.
Environmental Management in Metropolitan Regions
The metropolis besides having its socio-economic importance can be sustainable, some authors advocate compact cities as sustainable because the concentration of people centralized near their jobs and the diversity of trade optimize and minimize the displacement reducing transportation costs and consequently reducing the emission of pollutants from vehicles whether from public transport or private and consequent centralization of public services reducing costs saving the public purse.
The golden aphid of the Laghouat Atlas pistachio tree
This work was carried out at three sites in the Laghouat region, with the aim of studying and characterizing an endemic species, the Atlas pistachio (Pistacia atlantica), and assessing the damage caused by the golden aphid to this pistachio population. Our results revealed that our pistachio population is comparable to other regional stands, and is exposed to attack by several aphid species. The aphid fauna recorded at the three sites is made up of 03 different species: Forda riccobonii, Geoica utricularia and Smynthurodes betae. They belong to the Aphidinae subfamily. Several types of galls of different colors and shapes were observed. Statistical analysis revealed positive and significant correlations between the number of galls and tree biometric parameters such as tree height, crown height, trunk height, leaf width and leaflet length. Gall propagation is mainly due to the plant species, its stage of development, the aphid species and climatic conditions.
Evolution and Trends of Sustainable Approaches
Evolution and Trends of Sustainable Approaches: Latest Development and Innovations in Science and Technology Applications provides different trends and approaches within the sustainability framework to assess their impact and offer possible solutions to problems facing the global sustainability paradigm. This book evaluates sustainability assessment approaches which support different levels of both decision-making and policy processes, thereby improving the management of natural and human systems. This book explores sustainable firm solutions, the upward trend of sustainability, and its variants. At the same time, different existing approaches are analyzed. These sustainable assessment approaches can be applied to products, services and technologies as well as business models, such as the Product-Service-System (PSS), Circular Economy (CE), Industrial Symbiosis (IS), and Supply Chain (SC). Finally, the book explores Sustainability Indicators (SIs), which are widely used to measure and communicate progress towards sustainable development, along with Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA), balancing the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social and economic).
Reclaiming Eden
Eco-friendliness is key, and this includes waste reduction, sustainable development, furthering renewables, nature and biomimicry, and coral reef restoration. This book stands as a latest update on these fronts in beautifying tomorrow.
The Forest Frontier
Originally published in 1994, this book analysed land developments, deforestation and pasture substitution, colonisation schemes and spontaneous settlement during the latter part of the 20th Century.
Living Forest, Strong Community
Given the current environmental crisis, one of the reasons for which is the unsustainable way in which natural resources are exploited, actions and contributions that contribute to sustainable development are necessary. The aim of this study was to analyze the causes of forest degradation in the community of Munhino, in the municipality of Bibala, and, based on scientific and local knowledge, to contribute to sustainable forest management, taking into account the local social and economic reality. The methodological procedure thus included interview and questionnaire surveys, direct observation of the situation, interaction with the local population, as well as a literature review on the subject (legislation, reports/information from local authorities, academic works, magazines and documents from international entities and organizations).
