Does the Phi Connectome Entail a Unified Theory of Quantum Mechanics, Life, Consciousness, and the Cosmos?
Scientific Essay from the year 2023 in the subject Physics - Quantum Physics, language: English, abstract: The purpose of this paper is to propose a self-creating, self-organizing dynamical system more primitive than the invariant set. It also proposes a paradigm shift in our view of reality and a non-algorithmic, non-reductionist means of interacting with reality. A reductionist view of the world, in which all observables are thought to be due to fundamental particles interacting in a space-time continuum described by differential equations, that is, bits of space and time--dx, and dt, has been an accepted model of reality. However, paradoxical, non-intuitive properties of quantum mechanics led to the development of invariant set theory. A new paradigm, the Phi Connectome PC is presented. It is a self-generated, self-organized, self-maintained system of nested oscillators which computes non algorithmically by phase shifting and is posited to be more primitive than the invariant set. Cellular automaton CA #110 is XOR (eXclusive- OR) homeomorphic to Asymmetry graph # 110, which can be seen as the random interaction between two oscillators, i.e., Parrondo's Paradox, wherein CA #110, bound by the PCE and PCI, denotes a system that is not algorithmically decidable. Nested oscillators of the PC are separated by the irrational number phi = 1.618 and communicate one-to-many and many-to-one by bosons and their scale equivalents at all scales by phase shifting. The PC frequency ranges from the 'particles/oscillators' of the standard model of physics to life and consciousness to the cosmos. The PC is a fundamental paradigm shift in our understanding of reality. Among many insights, this new paradigm suggests a more rational and perhaps a more effective means of treating diseases such as cancer and aging.
Advances in Precision Instruments and Optical Engineering
This book highlights the new technologies and applications presented at the 2021 International Conference on Precision Instruments and Optical Engineering held in Chengdu, China from 25 to 27 August 2021. The conference aimed to provide a platform for researchers and professionals to share research findings, discuss cutting-edge technologies, promote collaborations and fuel the industrial transition of new technologies. The invited and contributed papers covered recent developments in optoelectronic devices, nanophotonic research, optoelectronic materials, precision instruments, intelligent instruments, laser technology, optical spectroscopy and other optical engineering topics. The book is intended for researchers, engineers and advanced students interested in precision instruments and optical engineering and their applications in diverse fields.
The Entangled Mind
The Entangled Mind is the third volume of Wes Jamroz's series on cosmic consciousness. In this book, the author discusses the state of modern physics. Today's physics faces challenges on several fronts. These challenges are related to the nature of the big bang, elementary particles, dark matter, black holes, and some seemingly mysterious aspects of quantum mechanics. The author shows that physicists have to accept that "consciousness" is the fundamental parameter without which it is impossible to construct a consistent theory of matter. Furthermore, he demonstrates that the inclusion of consciousness is needed to comprehend quantum mechanics. At the same time, quantum mechanics helps to define consciousness.The author illustrates how the human mind has gradually been prepared for such a conceptual adjustment through Troubadours' songs, chivalric romances, designs of medieval mosaics, and the quaternity - a chess-like game.
The Vapor Trail
I will not squint to a almost not seen cup. What is the Vapor Trail. Look, we started with the Big Bang, and we will all demise after the Big Crunch, when the Universe collapses into itself. Field Theory. The Vapor is that remain of what has happened that is stil in a place also seen by the big eyes of space telescopy. It is a Quantum Field concept that states this. The universe has a kind of memory, from the Big Bang to there very here and now. How.
Wind Turbines - Advances and Challenges in Design, Manufacture and Operation
Much research is being conducted to develop larger wind turbines, both onshore and offshore, to decarbonize electricity grid systems through the exploitation of wind power. This book presents advances and challenges in the design, manufacture, and operation of wind turbines. The main topics addressed include the basic aspects of wind turbine design, offshore wind industry and floating wind turbines, wind measurement and forecasting models, design and manufacturing of rotor blades, manufacture of power transmission bearings, and challenges in control strategies and computational aerodynamics.
Rotating Machines
Rotating machines are some of the most widely used machines and their application in the field of new and renewable energy is an important development. This book presents recent research and discusses the technological development of rotating machines, including different types of wind, pump, and gas turbines. It also examines environmental impacts on rotating machines, particularly the effects of icing on the surface of wind turbine blades. It includes research on static and dynamic structural analysis, rotor aerodynamics characteristics, signal analysis, energy conversion, and exergy. It also presents the latest research on theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experiment technology for improving the performance and optimizing the structure of rotating machines.
Holography - Recent Advances and Applications
Holography of today is a broad field developed in the meeting between optics and the digital world of computers. A hologram usually contains more or different information on the observed scene than a regular image of the same scene. The development of the field has been accelerated lately due to the improvement of digital cameras, computers, light sources, and spatial light modulators. As a multidisciplinary area, holography connects experts in electro-optical engineering, image processing, and computer algorithms. More experts are needed when holography is utilized in various applications such as microscopy, industrial inspection, biomedicine, and entertainment. This book provides an overview of the world of holography from the aspect of concepts, system architectures, and applications.
Quantum Dots - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Contemporary Applications
This book provides a detailed overview of recent advances in the captivating world of quantum dots and outlines some possible imminent new directions for this important field. A variety of advanced techniques is rapidly developing in the application of quantum dots to solar photovoltaics, LEDs, quantum computing (qubits) and different biological spheres. The book presents, discusses and compares devices based on state-of-the-art structures, incipient material and new physical effects. Improved efficiency and reliability in these fields are already pointing the way to next-generation devices, especially in the nano regime. This book is addressed to students and scientists working in the field of quantum dots and progressive technologies.
Pierre Bouguer’s Optical Treatise on The Gradation of Light
In 1760 the first edition of the Traite d'optique sur la gradation de la lumiere of Pierre Bouguer was published posthumously. Bouguer (1698-1758), French mathematician, professor of hydrography, and author of works on the theory of navigation, can also be considered the inventor of photometry, and the Traite was his definitive word on the subject. It has become one of the classic treatises of science, but even in French has long been unavailable. The last part of the work is remarkable for having anticipated the modern theory of the visibility of objects in a horizontal direction through the atmosphere. Dr. Middleton's translation is accompanied by explanatory notes and a biographical and critical introduction. The book will be of interested to those working in the field of optics and to students of the history of science.
Terahertz, Ultrafast Lasers and Their Medical and Industrial Applications
Laser materials processing has made tremendous progress and is now at the forefront of medical and industrial applications. The book describes recent advances in terahertz and ultrafast laser applications. Chapter address such topics as terahertz quantum cascade lasers, femtosecond lasers in ophthalmology, laser surface texturing, and laser ablation.
Quantitative Analysis of Biomolecules by Raman
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that can be used for the quantitative analysis of biomolecules. This technique is based on the interaction of light with matter, where a laser beam is used to excite the molecular vibrations in a sample, and the scattered light is detected and analyzed. Raman spectroscopy provides information about the chemical composition and structural features of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, which can be used for quantitative analysis.In order to perform quantitative analysis using Raman spectroscopy, a calibration curve is typically constructed using a set of standards with known concentrations of the biomolecule of interest. The Raman spectra of the standards are then measured and analyzed to determine the correlation between the intensity of the Raman signal and the concentration of the biomolecule. Once the calibration curve is established, the Raman spectrum of an unknown sample can be measured and the concentration of the biomolecule can be determined by comparing its Raman signal intensity to the calibration curve.The accuracy and precision of quantitative analysis using Raman spectroscopy depend on several factors, including the quality of the calibration standards, the reproducibility of the Raman measurement, and the spectral interference from other molecules in the sample. However, Raman spectroscopy offers several advantages over other quantitative techniques, such as its non-destructive nature, the ability to analyze samples in situ, and the lack of sample preparation required. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy has become an important tool for the quantitative analysis of biomolecules in a wide range of applications, including medical diagnostics, drug discovery, and biotechnology research.
The Odd Quantum
An acclaimed physicist's accessible yet rigorous introduction to quantum mechanics for nonspecialists This is a rare and much-needed book: a concise but comprehensive account of quantum mechanics for popular science readers written by a respected physicist. Sam Treiman-who was internationally renowned for his work in particle physics-makes quantum mechanics accessible to nonspecialists. Combining mastery of the material with clear, elegant prose and infectious enthusiasm, he conveys the substance, methods, and profound oddities of the field. Treiman begins with an overview of quantum mechanics. He sketches the early development of the field by Einstein, Bohr, Heisenberg, Schr繹dinger, and others, and he makes clear how the quantum outlook flies in the face of common sense. As he explains, the quantum world is intrinsically probabilistic. For example, a particle is not in general in some particular place at a given instant, nor does it have a definite momentum. According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, there is a limit to how well both location and momentum can be specified simultaneously. In addition, particles can move through barriers and otherwise move in regions of space that are forbidden by classical mechanics. If a particle has a choice of different paths, it pursues all of them at once. Particles display wave-like characteristics and waves show particle-like characteristics. Treiman pays special attention to the more fundamental wave outlook and its expression in quantum field theory. He deals here with the remarkable fact that all the particles of a given species are strictly identical, and with the unnerving fact that particles can be created and destroyed. As Treiman introduces us to these and other wonders, he also touches-without resolution-on some of the deep philosophical problems of quantum mechanics, notably how probabilities become facts. Weaving together impeccable science, engaging writing, and a talent for clear explanation honed over Treiman's distinguished career as a physicist and teacher, The Odd Quantum is a remarkable survey of a field that changed the course of modern scientific and philosophical thought.
Bermuda Triangle Survivor
I'm Bruce Gernon, and in 1970 I had a life changing experience while flying over the Great Bahamas Bank in my Beechcraft Bonanza A36. I have been researching this phenomenon ever since it happened. This is my fourth book on the subject and for the first time it shows the illustrations and pictures in color. I also present new details of the anomaly of what creates this mystery in the Bermuda Triangle. I call it "Electronic Fog".Over the past 75 years I have noticed the interest in the Bermuda Triangle increases as more books and articles are written about it, but none can ever solve the mystery. Then authors start writing books claiming they have solved the mystery and they all say the answer is there is nothing unusual. Soon after, the interest dies off for another decade or more. This cycle has been repeated several times. Now I notice we are entering another cycle where authors are saying they have the data and have solved the mystery by declaring there is nothing bizarre out there and the majority of the general public believes them. I claim they are wrong and my photos, gas receipt, video animations, and my first ever captured authentic video of a timestorm with a vortex tunnel are physical signatures that my theories are not speculation and Electronic Fog is legitimate and is the cause of the mystery!
Terahertz Wireless Communication Components and System Technologies
This book presents scientific and technological innovations and advancements already developed or under development in academia, industry, and research communities. It includes fundamental ideas and advancement in terahertz technology covering high intensity terahertz wave generation, THz detection, different modes of THz wave generation, THz modulation system, and terahertz propagation channel modeling. It highlights methodologies for the design of terahertz components and system technologies including emerging applications. The chapter contents are based on theoretical, methodological, well-established, and validated empirical work dealing with different topics in the terahertz domain. The book covers a very broad audience ranging from basic sciences to experts and learners in engineering and technology. It would be a good reference for advanced ideas and concepts in THz technology which will best suit microwave, biomedical, and electrical and communication engineers workingtowards next-generation technology.
Electromagnetism - Principles and Modern Applications
Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental forces in nature, and underlies almost everything we experience in our daily lives, whether we realise it or not. The complete theory was first written down in the late 19th century, and remains an essential part of a scientific education. The mathematics behind the theory, however, can be intimidatingly complex. Furthermore, it is not always clear to beginners why the theory is either useful or interesting, nor how it relates to modern research in theoretical physics.The aim of this book is to guide students towards a detailed understanding of the full theory of electromagnetism, including its practical applications. Later chapters introduce more modern formulations of the theory than are found in traditional undergraduate courses, thus bridging the gap between a first course in electromagnetism, and the advanced concepts needed for further study in physics. The final chapter reviews exciting current research stating that possible theories of (quantum) gravity may be much more closely related to electromagnetism than previously thought.Throughout the book, an informal conversational style is used to demystify intimidating concepts. Relevant mathematical ideas are introduced in a self-contained manner, and exercises are provided with full solutions to aid understanding. This book is essential reading for anyone undertaking a physics degree, but will also be of interest to engineers and chemists.
Electromagnetism - Principles and Modern Applications
Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental forces in nature, and underlies almost everything we experience in our daily lives, whether we realise it or not. The complete theory was first written down in the late 19th century, and remains an essential part of a scientific education. The mathematics behind the theory, however, can be intimidatingly complex. Furthermore, it is not always clear to beginners why the theory is either useful or interesting, nor how it relates to modern research in theoretical physics.The aim of this book is to guide students towards a detailed understanding of the full theory of electromagnetism, including its practical applications. Later chapters introduce more modern formulations of the theory than are found in traditional undergraduate courses, thus bridging the gap between a first course in electromagnetism, and the advanced concepts needed for further study in physics. The final chapter reviews exciting current research stating that possible theories of (quantum) gravity may be much more closely related to electromagnetism than previously thought.Throughout the book, an informal conversational style is used to demystify intimidating concepts. Relevant mathematical ideas are introduced in a self-contained manner, and exercises are provided with full solutions to aid understanding. This book is essential reading for anyone undertaking a physics degree, but will also be of interest to engineers and chemists.
Modeling and Parameter Extraction Techniques of Silicon-Based Radio Frequency Devices
This comprehensive compendium describes the basic modeling techniques for silicon-based semiconductor devices, introduces the basic concepts of silicon-based passive and active devices, and provides its state-of-the-art modeling and equivalent circuit parameter extraction methods.The unique reference text benefits practicing engineers, technicians, senior undergraduate and first-year graduate students working in the areas of RF, microwave and solid-state device, and integrated circuit design.
Modelling and Design of Nanostructured Optoelectronic Devices
Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications
FIELDS AND WAVES IN ELECTROMAGNETIC COMMUNICATIONS A vital resource that comprehensively covers advanced topics in applied electromagnetics for the professional Electromagnetism (EM) is a highly abstract and complex subject that examines how exerting a force on charged particles is affected by the presence and motion of adjacent particles. The interdependence of the time varying electric and magnetic fields--one producing the other, and vice versa--has allowed researchers to consider them as a single coherent entity: the electromagnetic field. Under this umbrella, students can learn about numerous and varied topics, such as wireless propagation, satellite communications, microwave technology, EM techniques, antennas, and optics, among many others. Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications covers advanced topics in applied electromagnetics for the professional by offering a comprehensive textbook that covers the basics of EM to the most advanced topics such as the classical electron theory of matters, the mechanics model and macroscopic model. Specifically, the book provides a welcome all-in-one source on wireless and guided EM that deals in a wide range of subjects: transmission lines, impedance matching techniques, metallic waveguides, resonators, optical waveguides, optical fibres, antennas, antenna arrays, wireless systems, and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and more. The content is supported with innovative pedagogy, the most recent reports and working principles of relevant and contemporary technological developments including applications, specialist software tools, laboratory experiments, and innovative design projects. Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications readers will also find: Multiple practical examples, similes and illustrations of interdisciplinary topics related to wireless and guided electromagnetism Explanations of new topics with support of basic theories connected to real-world contexts and associated applications Sets of technology applications that rely on advanced electromagnetism A series of review questions and drills, end-of-chapter problems, and exercises to help enforce what was learned in each chapter Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications is an ideal textbook for graduate students and senior undergraduates studying telecommunication and wireless communication. It is also a useful resource for industry engineers and members of defense services. Moreover, the book is an excellent non-specialist engineering reference able to be used in other disciplines, such as biomedical engineering, mechatronics, computer science, materials engineering, civil and environmental engineering, physics, network engineering, and wireless services.
The Riddle of the Rainbow
Rainbows have been a source of fascination since time immemorial. They have been the subject of myth and superstition, an inspiration to poets, a challenge to painters, the object of intense scientific interest and a touchstone for ideas about the nature of light and colour. Above all, the rainbow has been the embodiment of wonder from the earliest times to the present day.Beginning with the circumstances in which you are likely to see a rainbow and descriptions of its salient features, this book recounts and explains the myths and superstitions about rainbows, and describes how poets, painters and, above all, leading scientists in every age have sought to discover and understand the rainbow's secrets.Readers with a love of nature and art and an interest in the history of science will enjoy this attractive and informative book.
The Historical and Physical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
Following the path by which humanity learned quantum mechanics can lead to an improved teaching and understanding of the fundamental theory and the origins of its perceived limitations. The purpose of this textbook is to retrace the development of quantum mechanics by investigating primary sources (including original published papers and letters) with attention to their timing and influence. Placing the development of quantum mechanics in its historical context, from the nascent philosophical notions of matter, atoms, and void in Ancient Greece, to their scientific realization in the 19th and 20th centuries, the book culminates with an examination of the current state of the field and an introduction to quantum information and computing.
Does The Atom Have A Designer?
"Does the Atom have Designer?" is a first-of-its-kind analysis that critically examines if the Atom, with its related Quantum Physics, arose simply from random events following the Big Bang. This book, written by a secular researcher searching for answers, examines in depth quantum behaviors such as quark-gluon interactions within the atomic nucleus, and electron-photon interactions within atomic orbitals, as well as their role in realizing the many functionalities of the Atom.Aristotle's four causes are used to investigate the Why Questions to explore the causality of the Atom. The answer to the question: "Does your kitchen table have a Designer?" does not require a Scientific or a Mathematical explanation; it requires a Logical one. Aristotle's theory of causality was developed to show that four related causes (or explanations) are needed to explain change in the world: a material, a formal, an efficient, and a final cause. A complete explanation of any material change will use all four causes. The Why Questions related to the Atom are investigated in great depth using this approach toward causality.The commonly-cited objection: "Then who designed the Designer?" is also addressed in the book. The controversial and unverified Multiverse hypothesis, often used against a Design argument, is also discussed. The book does not discuss any particular traditional religious belief, but it does define God in the context of the Atom and Quantum Physics.And yes, your kitchen table does have a Designer.Note: this is an argument based on Design, and not on fine tuning.
Quantum Information Science
This book provides an introduction to quantum information science, the science at the basis of the new quantum revolution of this century. It teaches the reader to build and program a quantum computer and leverage its potential. Aimed at quantum physicists and computer scientists, the book covers several topics, including quantum algorithms, quantum chemistry, and quantum engineering of superconducting qubits. Written by two professionals in the experimental and theoretical fields of quantum information science and containing over 200 figures and 100 exercises with solutions and summaries at the end of each chapter, this book is set to become a new standard in the field.
Polarization Dynamics of Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers
This book provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on the science, technology, and applications of mode-locked fiber lasers generating pulse trains with the evolving state of polarization at time scales ranging from a few pulse widths to 10,000 laser cavity round-trip times. It supports readers with a timely source of information on the current novel scientific concepts, and cost-effective schematics, in addition to an overview of the feasible applications.The book aims to demonstrate for the nonlinear science community a newly emerging field of nonlinear science, and so stimulates the development of new theoretical approaches and opens new horizons for the photonics community by pushing boundaries of the existing laser systems towards new applications. The new classes of optical sources and photonic devices explored in this book will be relevant with applications to other fields, including medicine, bio-photonics, metrology, and environmental safety.Key Features- Provides a cutting edge review of the latest emerging science, technology and applications in the field. - Tackles a topic with fast growing interest in USA, Europe and China. - Explores the simple and cheap design and tests of lasers, and outlines the feasible applications.
Eclectic Quantum Mechanics and Quran Text
Do you ever sit there and wonder about the big questions? I am talking about questions such as what caused the Big Bang? What was there before the Big Bang? What is the nature of our existence? How real is our reality? Are we in a matrix/quantum computation? If so which evidence is there to back this? Where are we headed? Will we see a utopian/messianic age? Who is God? How was the universe created? Will oblivion occur? If so how will it occur? What is our purpose here? What exists beyond our earth, our universe? How right or wrong was Einstein about quantum theory and classical physics? What is the right religion? How should we live life? To what extent does our consciousness control what happens or does what happens affect our consciousness? Does physics rule out free will? How can we tell the right religion is the right religion? Is consciousness computable? Was the universe made for us? Can we create a universe? Are we in one of multiple universes? Does extraterrestrial life exist? And of course as a preliminary purpose of this book is to prove God exists, what is the answer to an utmost atheist question: if God exists why does so much evil exist? The purpose of this book is to eclectically compose and connect applied quantum theory to everyday life, life sciences, social sciences, as well as religion particularly Islam to formulate an eclectic quantum theory of everything proving God's existence, our existence in a matrix, our purpose, the true religion Islam, and a detailed description of how the world, multiword, universe, multiverse, dimensions, subconscious, and conscious work and interact with one another. This is all in a striving effort to answer all of the aforementioned questions! It is my goal and hope that through my book you find many of the answers to life's biggest questions.
Optical Waveguides Analysis and Design
This book offers readers a comprehensive, detailed analysis and treatment of optical waveguides (fiber, slab), an essential component of ultra-high bandwidth long, medium and short-haul telecommunication. The author describes an analysis scheme for optical waveguides that combines both geometricray optics and Maxwell's equations-based classical electrodynamics. This unique approach enables readers to develop an intuitive understanding of this topic, starting with macro properties, e.g., V parameter of an optical fiber, and progressively refining the analysis to individual modes of propagation through an optical waveguide. An exhaustive set of diagrams highlight the key features of an optical waveguide property, such as acceptance angle, meridional and skew rays in an optical fiber, or signal attenuation and dispersion in an optical waveguide. The author also provides a set of ready-to-use, ANSI C executables (for both Linux and Windows) that enable the reader to e.g, determine the allowed propagation modes (even, odd TETM) of a graded, step index optical fiber and a slab waveguide.Offers readers a single-source reference to the analysis and design of optical waveguides;Begins with macro-level analysis of the properties of optical waveguides and dives deeply into details in a step-by-step manner, enabling readers to develop an intuitive understanding;Includes C language executables, along with optical waveguide analysis and design examples to demonstrate their use in context.
A Quantum Computation Workbook
Teaching quantum computation and information is notoriously difficult, because it requires covering subjects from various fields of science, organizing these subjects consistently in a unified way despite their tendency to favor their specific languages, and overcoming the subjects' abstract and theoretical natures, which offer few examples of actual realizations. In this book, we have organized all the subjects required to understand the principles of quantum computation and information processing in a manner suited to physics, mathematics, and engineering courses as early as undergraduate studies.In addition, we provide a supporting package of quantum simulation software from Wolfram Mathematica, specialists in symbolic calculation software. Throughout the book's main text, demonstrations are provided that use the software package, allowing the students to deepen their understanding of each subject through self-practice. Readers can change the code so as to experiment with their own ideas and contemplate possible applications. The information in this book reflects many years of experience teaching quantum computation and information. The quantum simulation-based demonstrations and the unified organization of the subjects are both time-tested and have received very positive responses from the students who have experienced them.
Invisibility
A lively exploration of how invisibility has gone from science fiction to fact "The science of invisibility remains largely theoretical and abstract. It is in the literature that the field comes alive, and Gbur may be the world's leading expert on invisibility fiction."--Nathaniel Rich, New York Times Book Review "Entertaining. . . . A robust examination of a fascinating field of research."--Publishers Weekly Is it possible for something or someone to be made invisible? This question, which has intrigued authors of science fiction for over a century, has become a headline-grabbing topic of scientific research. In this book, science writer and optical physicist Gregory J. Gbur traces the science of invisibility from its sci-fi origins in the nineteenth-century writings of authors such as H. G. Wells and Fitz James O'Brien to modern stealth technology, invisibility cloaks, and metamaterials. He explores the history of invisibility and its science and technology connections, including the discovery of the electromagnetic spectrum, the development of the atomic model, and quantum theory. He shows how invisibility has moved from fiction to reality, and he questions the hidden paths that lie ahead for researchers. This is not only the story of invisibility but also the story of humankind's understanding of the nature of light itself, and of the many fascinating figures whose discoveries advanced this knowledge.
Understanding the Electromagnetic Field
Understanding the Electromagnetic Field is an entry level textbook for graduate students with a focus on the electromagnetic field. This book explores the relationship between the field and electric charges.The earlier part of the book deals with the derivation of Maxwell's equations from experimental laws. Next, the electromagnetic field is studied in the light of special relativity, leading logically to the quantum theory of radiation. Quantum mechanics is introduced as a quantum field theory of the electromagnetic field. The rules of quantum mechanics are developed in a systematic way, with relativistic quantum electrodynamics explaining some puzzles that emerge in classical electrodynamics. A chapter is devoted to the study of angular momentum in quantum mechanics, uniquely showing its importance in the understanding of the interaction between the field and charges. The geometry of the space in which the electromagnetic field is embedded is shown to be significant. General relativity provides a relationship between the geometry of space and the presence of matter. The final chapter is devoted to deriving the fundamental equations of general relativity. Mathematical expressions are derived for the effect of gravity on the electromagnetic field, and measurable results are calculated.The prerequisites of this book are Newtonian physics, calculus and linear algebra. Exercises are provided throughout the book.
Understanding the Electromagnetic Field
Understanding the Electromagnetic Field is an entry level textbook for graduate students with a focus on the electromagnetic field. This book explores the relationship between the field and electric charges.The earlier part of the book deals with the derivation of Maxwell's equations from experimental laws. Next, the electromagnetic field is studied in the light of special relativity, leading logically to the quantum theory of radiation. Quantum mechanics is introduced as a quantum field theory of the electromagnetic field. The rules of quantum mechanics are developed in a systematic way, with relativistic quantum electrodynamics explaining some puzzles that emerge in classical electrodynamics. A chapter is devoted to the study of angular momentum in quantum mechanics, uniquely showing its importance in the understanding of the interaction between the field and charges. The geometry of the space in which the electromagnetic field is embedded is shown to be significant. General relativity provides a relationship between the geometry of space and the presence of matter. The final chapter is devoted to deriving the fundamental equations of general relativity. Mathematical expressions are derived for the effect of gravity on the electromagnetic field, and measurable results are calculated.The prerequisites of this book are Newtonian physics, calculus and linear algebra. Exercises are provided throughout the book.
Quantum Mechanics for Engineers and Material Scientists: An Introduction
This introductory book is aimed at students of engineering and material science who want to learn the necessary toolboxes of practical quantum mechanics. The authors have made sure that all the calculations are complete, and they have avoided the usage of the familiar phrase, 'it can be easily shown' while being mathematically rigorous. Knowledge of the sophomore level introduction to ordinary differential equations is all that is needed. Well-designed and modern examples help the reader grasp and digest the concept before moving to the next one. The book offers a lucid exposition to the modern field of quantum computing and quantum gates, two-level systems, orbitals, spin, periodic solids, tunneling, and Fermi golden rule. The basics of electronic and optical properties of nanomaterials using the basics of quantum mechanics are presented without the reader getting lost in research articles with different notations and units.There are numerous examples in the book covering topics such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, superconducting qubits, principle of scanning tunneling microscopy, heterostructure based terahertz generation and negative differential resistance device, quantized LC circuit, Grover's search algorithm, phase kickback, quantum dots, well, nanowires, quantum of conductance, ballistic conductor, spin-orbit coupling, and spin transistor. Authors use analogies based on familiar engineering concepts wherever possible to broaden the view of the reader. The philosophy behind the book is teaching by showing how it is done and using 'pictures' which is worth 1000 words.
Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States
This book highlights the findings and achievements in the major research plan "Detection and Interaction of Single Quantum States" funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). The 8-year plan started in 2011 and consisted of 107 projects conducted by Chinese universities and research institutes. The book covers the plan's research background, achievements, and follow-up prospects. The plan aimed to tackle one of the major challenges for researchers worldwide--to establish precise detection and control of single quantum states in time, space, energy, and momentum. The plan integrated precise detection means with the ultrahigh resolution of time, space, and energy, under extreme conditions such as ultrahigh vacuum, ultralow temperature, high magnetic field, and ultrahigh pressure, using interdisciplinary research methods in physics, chemistry, informatics, and materials science. The book focuses on the exploration of new phenomena, theories, and concepts of single quantum states, describes new techniques and methods of single quantum states, and presents the purification and construction of single-quantum-state systems. It is a concise and valuable source of information for researchers in quantum science and graduate students interested in the research field.
Five Square Roots
This book illustrates through five examples how certain square roots, which initially seemed impossible or meaningless, have been achieved. In each case the achievement has opened up a whole new vista of mathematics or physics. In each case our understanding and our intellectual power has been dramatically increased as a result. This is a maths book, a book about maths, and also in its later parts a physics book. But, undoubtedly because I am a physicist, even in the earlier parts it is the calculational power which the mathematics provides that interests me most, rather than mathematical rigour per se. These impossible square roots are astonishingly fecund, not just within mathematics itself but within physics too - and elsewhere. Whence cometh, as Eugene Wigner had it, this "unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences"? It is as mysterious as ever. This is not a book which obsesses about mathematical pedantry. Despite treating some rather "simple" subjects, it is not a book about foundational issues either, though we will be obliged to touch briefly on such matters in chapter 1. In this book we will be heading in the opposite direction: the direction which is primarily about building ever richer mathematical structures. In addressing the square roots which form the principal subject of each of the book's five chapters, I take the opportunity to wax discursive on what springs from them. The subject matter of the book is not merely the roots, but the whole plant which grows therefrom. Well, not the whole plant, of course - that would hardly be possible. But sufficient, I hope, to give some indication of the unexpected luxuriance which unfolds from these roots. It is possible that much of the book will appeal to a general reader without (say) A Level knowledge of maths, though chapter five will be an exception. Certainly, the book is not intended for the expert, who would find the contents elementary and also a rather random selection (being chosen largely by the author's fancy from a virtual infinity of options). The likely appreciative audience (if I may presume that to be a non-null set) will be keen A Level students of maths or physics, or undergraduates of these subjects. I flatter myself that even postgraduate physicists may find things here to entertain or enlighten. Contents1. The Square Root of 22. The Square Root of -13. The Square Root of Probability4. The Square Root of Not5. The Square Root of Geometry12 Appendices
Evolution
This book reconceptualizes the ancient philosophy of 'dualism' and a 'trinity' applied to classical and quantum nonequilibrium phenomena. In addition to classical mechanics and electrodynamics, a remarkable connection of this philosophy with quantum mechanics is established, which can be useful for quantum computing and the development of quantum artificial intelligence. Packed with the recent theoretical models, quantum simulations of black holes, and experimental observations of quantum phase transitions, this book brings a holistic approach that can be useful to refine the concept of the 'Creation', i.e., the evolution of the Universe from the condensed state of matter, and explain the artificial vision. The approch is: Unique: Connects ancient philosophy, classical and quantum mechanics, materials, and the latest quantum technologies Novelty: High level of scientific interpretation of ancient philosophy, creation, interactions, and disorder Multidisciplinary: Guides students to learn quantum simulations and develop philosophical ideas The book contains over ten years of in-depth research by the author on the ancient eastern (Indian) philosophy and the latest scientific research in condensed matter and quantum technology. This book will simplify the picture of ancient eastern philosophy, which can be read by the general audience, particularly undergraduate/postgraduate students interested in quantum information science without any mathematical treatment. However, some parts of the book will be ideal for senior academicians and professional researchers in both worlds.
Equivalent Circuit Model of Quantum Mechanics
In the year of 2020, I published a book in psychology, "Self-consciousness, human brain as data processor". In the book, I proposed resolution of quantum mystery by human mind by providing a model. Quantum mechanics has been developed by the basic philosophy that the theory's role is to identify the measurable quantum parameters and to provide the mathematical theory relating them. The model's role is, if that is available, only secondary, to rationalize the theory. I challenged this basic philosophy in this book. Quantum mechanics cannot be modeled by using any classical mechanics model, but it can be modeled by using the equivalent circuit model of electronics. I worked out the most basic details of this model and explained several mysterious quantum phenomena.
Quarks, Gluons and Lattices
This book introduces the lattice approach to quantum field theory. The spectacular successes of this technique include compelling evidence that exchange of gauge gluons can confine the quarks within subnuclear matter. The lattice framework enables novel schemes for quantitative calculation and has caused considerable cross-disciplinary activity between elementary particle and solid state physicists. The treatment begins with the lattice definition of a path integral and ends on Monte Carlo simulation methods. Other topics include invariant group integration, duality, mean field theory and renormalization group techniques. The reader is assumed to have a basic background in relativistic quantum mechanics and some exposure to gauge theories.
Monopulse Measurement with Active Electronically Scanned Arrays (Aesas)
This book describes monopulse implemented with Active Electronically Scanned Arrays (AESAs). Both phase- and amplitude-comparison monopulse are addressed. Limitations imposed by AESAs and non-ideal performance due to quantization, vector modulator noise, and element failures are discussed. The author addresses monopulse using modern low-cost AESAs where the hardware is often non-ideal and where one must carefully balance cost and complexity. The relationship between AESA antenna gain and monopulse measurement is shown and is used to construct an accurate "first-principles" simulation of the monopulse measurement process including both Additive White Gaussian Noise and non-ideal hardware effects.For those unfamiliar with monopulse, this book discusses both the theory and implementation of monopulse for application in modern AESA antennas. For those familiar with the ideal performance of monopulse, the book shows the sensitivity of monopulse accuracy to non-ideal hardware implementations, particularly in AESAs. For those familiar with both, the book discusses Monte-Carlo techniques for simulating the measurement process to obtain realistic, non-ideal monopulse performance vs signal-to-noise ratio. And for those working in radar, the book explains the relationship between one-way monopulse and the monostatic radar case with two-way propagation utilizing the same antenna for both transmit and receive.Shows the relationship between monopulse theory and implementation in modern AESAs;Illustrates the relationship between AESA antenna gain and monopulse accuracy;Discusses the limitations of AESA hardware implementation on simultaneous sidelobe control and monopulse measurement.
Equivalent Circuit Model of Quantum Mechanics
In the year of 2020, I published a book in psychology, "Self-consciousness, human brain as data processor". In the book, I proposed resolution of quantum mystery by human mind by providing a model. Quantum mechanics has been developed by the basic philosophy that the theory's role is to identify the measurable quantum parameters and to provide the mathematical theory relating them. The model's role is, if that is available, only secondary, to rationalize the theory. I challenged this basic philosophy in this book. Quantum mechanics cannot be modeled by using any classical mechanics model, but it can be modeled by using the equivalent circuit model of electronics. I worked out the most basic details of this model and explained several mysterious quantum phenomena.
Graph Theory and Mobile Communications
This comprehensive compendium discusses the basics of graph theory to its application, focusing on the application of graph theory to mobile communications.A mobile communication connects a mobile terminal and a base station wirelessly, and the base station enables communications all over the world via a wired and satellite communication system. This means that the mobile communication system includes wire and wireless technologies, and also hardware such as analog electric circuits, digital circuits and a software part such as computer algorithms.This useful reference text deeply studies how the network structure influences the performance of the corresponding system.
Quarks, Gluons and Lattices
This book introduces the lattice approach to quantum field theory. The spectacular successes of this technique include compelling evidence that exchange of gauge gluons can confine the quarks within subnuclear matter. The lattice framework enables novel schemes for quantitative calculation and has caused considerable cross-disciplinary activity between elementary particle and solid state physicists. The treatment begins with the lattice definition of a path integral and ends on Monte Carlo simulation methods. Other topics include invariant group integration, duality, mean field theory and renormalization group techniques. The reader is assumed to have a basic background in relativistic quantum mechanics and some exposure to gauge theories.
Adventure of the Large Hadron Collider, The: From the Big Bang to the Higgs Boson
An introduction to the world of quarks and leptons, and of their interactions governed by fundamental symmetries of nature, as well as an introduction to the connection that exists between worlds of the infinitesimally small and the infinitely large.The book begins with a simple presentation of the theoretical framework, the so-called Standard Model, which evolved gradually since the 1960s. The key experiments establishing it as the theory of elementary particle physics, but also its missing pieces and conceptual weaknesses are introduced. The book proceeds with the extraordinary story of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN -- the largest purely scientific project ever realized. Conception, design and construction by worldwide collaborations of the detectors of size and complexity without precedent in scientific history are discussed. The book then offers the reader a state-of-the art (2020) appreciation of the depth and breadth of the physics exploration performed by the LHC experiments: the study of new forms of matter, the understanding of symmetry-breaking phenomena at the fundamental level, the exciting searches for new physics such as dark matter, additional space dimensions, new symmetries, and more. The adventure of the LHC culminated in the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 (Nobel Prize in Physics in 2013). The last chapter of this book describes the plans for the LHC during the next 15 years of exploitation and improvement, and the possible evolution of the field and future collider projects under consideration.The authors are researchers from CERN, CEA and CNRS (France), and deeply engaged in the LHC program: D Denegri in the CMS experiment, C Guyot, A Hoecker and L Roos in the ATLAS experiment. Some of them are involved since the inception of the project. They give a lively and accessible inside view of this amazing scientific and human adventure.
Eight Lectures of Theoretical Physics
Eight Lectures on Theoretical Physics' is the published book of a series of lectures delivered at Columbia University by renowned physicist and Nobel Physics Prize winner Max Planck. These lectures cover the following areas of theoretical physics: Reversibility and irreversibility, Thermodynamic equilibrium in dilute solutions, Atomistic theory of matter, Equation of state of a monatomic gas, Radiation, electrodynamics theory. Statistical theory, Principle of least work and the Principle of relativity. The first, third, fifth, and sixth lectures present his account of the revolutionary developments occasioned when he first applied the quantum hypothesis to blackbody radiation. The reader is given a valuable opportunity to witness Planck's thought processes both on the level of philosophical principles as well as their application to physical processes on the microscopic and macroscopic scales. In the second and fourth lectures Planck shows how the new ideas of statistical mechanics transformed the understanding of chemical physics. The seventh lecture discusses the principle of least action, while the final one gives an account of the theory of special relativity, of which Planck had been an early champion. These lectures are especially important since they reflect Planck's reconsiderations and rethinking of his original discovery of quantum theory. It will be of particular interest to students of modern physics and of the philosophy and history of science.
The Collapse and Reconstruction of Earth’s Quantum Wave Function
They said; 'Shut up and calculate' - NO, I am not going to shut up, I want to know.
Quantum Collision Theory of Nonrelativistic Particles
Dieses Buch f羹hrt in die Streutheorie nichtrelativistischer Systeme ein, einem Standardwerkzeug zur Interpretation von Kollisionsexperimenten mit Quantenteilchen bei nicht zu hohen Energien. Das Ziel ist die Erforschung der Wechselwirkung zwischen den Teilchen und deren Eigenschaften. Die Autoren behandeln die Grundlagen der Theorie durch eine ausf羹hrliche Diskussion der elastischen Streuung anhand der station瓣ren Schr繹dingergleichung und der Lippmann-Schwinger Gleichung. Erg瓣nzt werden diese Ausf羹hrungen durch die Betrachtung der zeitabh瓣ngigen Formulierung der Streutheorie. Auswahlregeln f羹r die Wirkungsquerschnitte aufgrund von Symmetrien bedingt durch die Struktur der Kr瓣fte zwischen den Teilchen und die Streuung von spinpolarisierten Teilchen werden besprochen. Die Grundlagen f羹r die Behandlung von inelastischen Prozessen werden gelegt und durch Anwendung auf Dreik繹rper- und Nukleotransferprozesse erl瓣utert.In allen Kapiteln werden die mehr technischen, mathematischen Aspekt und die mehr physikorientierten Erl瓣uterungen soweit m繹glich getrennt. Die Ausf羹hrungen sind gut nachvollziehbar und geeignet, den Leser in die Physik der Sto?prozesse einzuf羹hren.
Physics and Engineering of Graded-Index Media
Optical materials with varying refractive indices are called graded-index (GRIN) media and they are widely used within many industries, including telecommunications and medical imaging. Another recent application is space division multiplexing, an enormously improved technique for optical data transmission. This book synthesises recent research developments in this growing field, presenting both the underlying physical principles behind optical propagation in GRIN media, and the most important engineering applications. The principles of wave optics are employed for solving Maxwell's equations inside a GRIN medium, ensuring that diffractive effects are fully included. The mathematical development builds gradually and a variety of exact and approximate techniques for solving practical problems are included, in addition to coverage of modern topics such as optical vortices, photonic spin-orbit coupling, photonic crystals, and metamaterials. This text will be useful for graduate students and researchers working in optics, photonics and optical communications.
Radiometry of Wet Surfaces
As everyone can see every day, many objects or materials change their appearance when they get wet. Most of the time, the object becomes more translucent, its color darker and more chromatic. Beyond these general trends, is it possible to predict these changes in appearance for a given type of surface, and for a given humidity level? This is the question studied in this book, by drawing up a first inventory of available knowledge and ongoing research in multiple fields of application: in remote sensing, to correctly identify surfaces and estimate moisture content; in public lighting, to improve visibility on wet roads; in computer graphics, to render wet surfaces in a more realistic way...There is no universal model to describe the changes in spectral, angular and spatial responses of a wetted surface. The mechanisms of light scattering are not affected in the same way according to whether the material is porous, fibrous, powdery, and can be filled by water, or impermeable and can be covered by a water layer. In some applications where the infrared domain is of interest, the strong absorptance of water is also to be considered.This book was initiated by the GDR Appamat, a grouping of research focused on material appearance created in 2019 by the French national center for scientific research (CNRS). In 9 chapters, 26 specialists from various disciplines present different approaches that open perspectives on this field of research. Hopefully, students, engineers, and researchers will be inspired by these ideas to propose future developments.
