Printed Antennas
This collection covers different printed microstrip antenna designs, from rectangular to circular, broadband, dual-band, and millimeter-wave microstrip antennas to microstrip arrays. It further presents a new analysis of the rectangular and circular microstrip antenna efficiency and surface wave phenomena. The book Covers the latest advances and applications of microstrip antennas Discusses methods and techniques used for the enhancement of the performance parameters of the microstrip antenna Presents low-power wide area network (LPWAN) proximity-coupled antenna for Internet of Things applications. Highlights a new analysis of rectangular and circular microstrip antenna efficiency and surface wave phenomena. Showcases implantable antennas, H-shaped antennas, and wideband implantable antennas for biomedical applications Printed Antennas discusses the latest advances such as the Internet of Things for antenna applications, device-to-device communication, satellite communication, and wearable textile antenna in the field of communication. It further presents methods and techniques used for the enhancement of the performance parameters of the microstrip antenna and covers the design of conformal and miniaturized antenna structures for various applications. It will serve as an ideal reference text for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers in fields including electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, and computer engineering.
Absolutism versus Relativity - Volume I
This book not only presents innovative methods for learning Einstein's special relativity from a different aspect (Vol. I) but also reveals deficiencies and paradoxes of this theory in a plain-language style (Vol. II). Since the advent of special relativity theory (SRT), it has become so accustomed to applying the Lorentz transformation straightforwardly in order to solve the relativistic problems abstractly. However, such a mechanical method cannot provide the student with a profound and visualized intuition about what exactly happens to the physical phenomena in the framework of SRT. This tendency has stirred up ambiguities on whether the theory is really exonerated from the accusation of including anomalies or being paradoxical.
Sophisticated Electromagnetic Forward Scattering Solver Via Deep Learning
Introduction to Electromagnetic Problems.- Basic Principles of Unveiling Electromagnetic Problems Based on Deep Learning.- Building Database.- Two-Dimensional Electromagnetic Scattering Solver.- Three-Dimensional Electromagnetic Scattering Solver.
Machine Learning with Quantum Computers
This book offers an introduction into quantum machine learning research, covering approaches that range from "near-term" to fault-tolerant quantum machine learning algorithms, and from theoretical to practical techniques that help us understand how quantum computers can learn from data. Among the topics discussed are parameterized quantum circuits, hybrid optimization, data encoding, quantum feature maps and kernel methods, quantum learning theory, as well as quantum neural networks. The book aims at an audience of computer scientists and physicists at the graduate level onwards. The second edition extends the material beyond supervised learning and puts a special focus on the developments in near-term quantum machine learning seen over the past few years.
Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines
Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines Textbook resource covering static electric and magnetic fields, dynamic electromagnetic fields, transmission lines, antennas, and signal integrity within a single course Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines provides coverage of what every electrical engineer (not just the electromagnetic specialist) should know about electromagnetic fields and transmission lines. This work examines several fundamental electrical engineering concepts and components from an electromagnetic fields viewpoint, such as electric circuit laws, resistance, capacitance, and self and mutual inductances. The approach to transmission lines (T-lines), Smith charts, and scattering parameters establishes the underlying concepts of vector network analyzer (VNA) measurements. System-level antenna parameters, basic wireless links, and signal integrity are examined in the final chapters. As an efficient learning resource, electromagnetics and transmission lines content is strategically modulated in breadth and depth towards a single semester objective. Extraneous, distracting topics are excluded. The wording style is somewhat more conversational than most electromagnetics textbooks in order to enhance student engagement and inclusivity while conveying the rigor that is essential for engineering student development. To aid in information retention, the authors also provide supplementary material, including a homework solutions manual, lecture notes, and VNA experiments. Sample topics covered in Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines include: Vector algebra and coordinate systems, Coulomb's law, Biot-Savart law, Gauss's law, and solenoidal magnetic flux Electric potential, Ampere's circuital law, Faraday's law, displacement current, and the electromagnetic principles underlying resistance, capacitance, and self and mutual inductances The integral form of Maxwell's equations from a conceptual viewpoint that relates the equations to physical understanding (the differential forms are also included in an appendix) DC transients and AC steady-state waves, reflections, and standing waves on T-lines Interrelationships of AC steady-state T-line theory, the Smith chart, and scattering parameters Antenna basics and line-of-sight link analysis using the Friis equation An introduction to signal integrity Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines is an authoritative textbook learning resource, suited perfectly for engineering programs at colleges and universities with a single required electromagnetic fields course. Student background assumptions are multivariable calculus, DC and AC electric circuits, physics of electromagnetics, and elementary differential equations.
Classical Covariant Fields
This 2002 book discusses the classical foundations of field theory, using the language of variational methods and covariance. It explores the limits of what can be achieved with purely classical notions, and shows how these have a deep and important connection with the second quantized field theory, which follows on from the Schwinger Action Principle. The book takes a pragmatic view of field theory, focusing on issues which are usually omitted from quantum field theory texts and cataloging results which are hard to find in the literature. Care is taken to explain how results arise and how to interpret them physically, for graduate students starting out in the field. An ideal supplementary text for courses on elementary field theory, group theory and dynamical systems, it is also a valuable reference for researchers working in these and related areas. It has been reissued as an Open Access publication on Cambridge Core.
Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility
INTRODUCTION TO ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY The revised new edition of the classic textbook is an essential resource for anyone working with today's advancements in both digital and analog devices, communications systems, as well as power/energy generation and distribution. Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility provides thorough coverage of the techniques and methodologies used to design and analyze electronic systems that function acceptably in their electromagnetic environment. Assuming no prior familiarity with electromagnetic compatibility, this user-friendly textbook first explains fundamental EMC concepts and technologies before moving on to more advanced topics in EMC system design. This third edition reflects the results of an extensive detailed review of the entire second edition, embracing and maintaining the content that has "stood the test of time", such as from the theory of electromagnetic phenomena and associated mathematics, to the practical background information on U.S. and international regulatory requirements. In addition to converting Dr. Paul's original SPICE exercises to contemporary utilization of LTSPICE, there is new chapter material on antenna modeling and simulation. This edition will continue to provide invaluable information on computer modeling for EMC, circuit board and system-level EMC design, EMC test practices, EMC measurement procedures and equipment, and more such as: Features fully-worked examples, topic reviews, self-assessment questions, end-of-chapter exercises, and numerous high-quality images and illustrations Contains useful appendices of phasor analysis methods, electromagnetic field equations and waves. The ideal textbook for university courses on EMC, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, Third Edition is also an invaluable reference for practicing electrical engineers dealing with interference issues or those wanting to learn more about electromagnetic compatibility to become better product designers.
Probing Non-Equilibrium Dynamics in Two-Dimensional Quantum Gases
Chapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Experimental setup.- Chapter 3. Experimental procedure.- Chapter 4. Universal quench dynamics and townes soliton formation.- Chapter 5. Scale invariant townes solitons.- Chapter 6. Quasiparticle pair-production and quantum entanglement.- Chapter 7. A compact and versatile quantum gas machine.- Chapter 8. Summary.
Quantum Mechanics
This popular undergraduate quantum mechanics textbook is now available in a more affordable printing from Cambridge University Press. Unlike many other books on quantum mechanics, this text begins by examining experimental quantum phenomena such as the Stern-Gerlach experiment and spin measurements, using them as the basis for developing the theoretical principles of quantum mechanics. Dirac notation is developed from the outset, offering an intuitive and powerful mathematical toolset for calculation, and familiarizing students with this important notational system. This non-traditional approach is designed to deepen students' conceptual understanding of the subject, and has been extensively class tested. Suitable for undergraduate physics students, worked examples are included throughout and end of chapter problems act to reinforce and extend important concepts. Additional activities for students are provided online, including interactive simulations of Stern-Gerlach experiments, and a fully worked solutions manual is available for instructors.
Seeing Colour
A thought-provoking read for color enthusiasts and experts alike, and an accessible route to a new way of seeing color. Features a Foreword by renowned physicist Arthur Zajonc. Color is everywhere. From blue skies to red sunsets, from the first flowers in spring to the blazing leaves of fall. But what is the nature of color? Scientific books present a variety of mechanical explanations but this approach leaves color as a whole unexplained. In the nineteenth century, the German poet and scientist Johann Wolfgang von Goethe investigated a wide range of color phenomena and discovered the underlying principles that govern color itself. This lavishly illustrated book brings Goethe's pioneering research up to date. Through descriptions of simple observations and ingenious experiments, the reader will discover a series of color phenomena that includes afterimages, colored shadows, color mixing, and prismatic and polarization colors.
Advances in Terahertz Technology and Its Applications
This book highlights the growing applications of THz technology and various modules used for their successful realization. The enormous advantages of THz devices like higher resolution, spatial directivity, high-speed communication, greater bandwidth, non-ionizing signal nature and compactness make them useful in various applications like communication, sensing, security, safety, spectroscopy, manufacturing, bio-medical, agriculture, imaging, etc. Since the THz radiation covers frequencies from 0.1THz to around 10THz and highly attenuated by atmospheric gases, they are used in short-distance applications only. The book focuses on recent advances and different research issues in terahertz technology and presents theoretical, methodological, well-established and validated empirical works dealing with the different topics.
The Quantum Nature of Things
This book offers readers an entirely original and unconventional view of quantum mechanics. It is a view that accepts quantum mechanics as the natural way to think about the way nature works, rather than the view commonly expressed, especially in books on quantum physics, that quantum theory is weird and counterintuitive. It is based on the concept of itemization.From this simple premise, quantities like energy and momentum, both linear and angular emerge naturally, as do configuration space, potentials, the electromagnetic field, many-body dynamics, special relativity and relativistic wave mechanics. The many-body dynamics, because it is not tied to physics from the outset, can be applied to population dynamics outside physics as well as the usual physical situations.From this emerges much of the basic physics that describes, mathematically, how the natural world behaves.This accessible introduction does not require exotic maths, and is aimed at inquisitive physics students and professionals who are interested in exploring unconventional approaches to physics. It may also be of interest to anyone studying quantum information theory or quantum computing.Key Features Provides a unique, new approach to understanding quantum mechanics. Uses basic concepts and mathematical methods accessible at the undergraduate level. Presents applications outside physics, including a newly devised and original model of cell division that shows how cancer-cell population explosions occur. "What [the author] has done is changed the way of thinking about how to organize the foundations of quantum mechanics and the approach is a very natural one. This is a book that has the potential to be quite an important one in how we understand the origins of the quantum theory.This is not an ordinary quantum textbook. It is not trying to teach the full curriculum. It is instead focused on showing the origins of quantum mechanics and how it fits into the relativistic and quantum field theory worlds. It is more in line with foundations of quantum mechanics books, but in my opinion, way better than the whole lot of the rest of them. There is no comparison."-- Professor James Freericks, Georgetown University.
Elementary Introduction to Quantum Geometry
This graduate textbook provides an introduction to quantum gravity, when spacetime is two-dimensional. The quantization of gravity is the main missing piece of theoretical physics, but in two dimensions it can be done explicitly with elementary mathematical tools, but it still has most of the conceptional riddles present in higher dimensional (not yet known) quantum gravity. It provides an introduction to a very interdisciplinary field, uniting physics (quantum geometry) and mathematics (combinatorics) in a non-technical way, requiring no prior knowledge of quantum field theory or general relativity. Using the path integral, the chapters provide self-contained descriptions of random walks, random trees and random surfaces as statistical systems where the free relativistic particle, the relativistic bosonic string and two-dimensional quantum gravity are obtained as scaling limits at phase transition points of these statistical systems. The geometric nature of the theories allows one to perform the path integral by counting geometries. In this way the quantization of geometry becomes closely linked to the mathematical fields of combinatorics and probability theory. By counting the geometries, it is shown that the two-dimensional quantum world is fractal at all scales unless one imposes restrictions on the geometries. It is also discussed in simple terms how quantum geometry and quantum matter can interact strongly and change the properties both of the geometries and of the matter systems. It requires only basic undergraduate knowledge of classical mechanics, statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics, as well as some basic knowledge of mathematics at undergraduate level. It will be an ideal textbook for graduate students in theoretical and statistical physics and mathematics studying quantum gravity and quantum geometry. Key features: Presents the first elementary introduction to quantum geometry Explores how to understand quantum geometry without prior knowledge beyond bachelor level physics and mathematics. Contains exercises, problems and solutions to supplement and enhance learning
Transformation Thermotics and Extended Theories
This open access book describes the theory of transformation thermotics and its extended theories for the active control of macroscopic thermal phenomena of artificial systems, which is in sharp contrast to classical thermodynamics comprising the four thermodynamic laws for the passive description of macroscopic thermal phenomena of natural systems. This monograph consists of two parts, i.e., inside and outside metamaterials, and covers the basic concepts and mathematical methods, which are necessary to understand the thermal problems extensively investigated in physics, but also in other disciplines of engineering and materials. The analyses rely on models solved by analytical techniques accompanied by computer simulations and laboratory experiments. This monograph can not only be a bridge linking three first-class disciplines, i.e., physics, thermophysics, and materials science, but also contribute to interdisciplinary development.
Transformation Thermotics and Extended Theories
This open access book describes the theory of transformation thermotics and its extended theories for the active control of macroscopic thermal phenomena of artificial systems, which is in sharp contrast to classical thermodynamics comprising the four thermodynamic laws for the passive description of macroscopic thermal phenomena of natural systems. This monograph consists of two parts, i.e., inside and outside metamaterials, and covers the basic concepts and mathematical methods, which are necessary to understand the thermal problems extensively investigated in physics, but also in other disciplines of engineering and materials. The analyses rely on models solved by analytical techniques accompanied by computer simulations and laboratory experiments. This monograph can not only be a bridge linking three first-class disciplines, i.e., physics, thermophysics, and materials science, but also contribute to interdisciplinary development.
Dark Matter Monsters
If Bigfoot is an Ancient Primate or an Undiscovered Human, why is the Creature Seen Around Balls of Light and Other Paranormal Phenomena? Thousands of people have witnessed bigfoot and other strange creatures for decades in North America and worldwide. In many cases, these encounters have been followed up and documented, including physical evidence by trained investigators. Is bigfoot an undiscovered primate, a relic hominid, or an alien species? And why are so many encounters also filled with unusual and extraordinary phenomena like luminosities, time slips, and telepathic interactions?Dark Matter Monsters examines critical, new scientific findings in coherent energy-matter and how these ideas help explain seemingly paranormal phenomena, like space-time anomalies and orbs, seen around creatures such as bigfoot and other mysterious cryptids. Are cryptids related to ball lightning and orbs? Coherent matter was a subject of interest to inventor Nicola Tesla over one hundred years ago and many researchers, such as Fleischmann and Pons, who did cold fusion experiments at the University of Utah in the late 1980s. Japanese, American and Russian scientists like Takaaki Matsumoto, Kenneth Shoulders, and Alexander Parkhomov have seen similar results. Discover: What often happens right before a bigfoot encounter and whyHow bigfoot creatures can morph or become invisibleHow social stigma prevents us from talking about these phenomenaSudden temperature changes around bigfoot, orbs, and UFOsThe connection between the Fifth State of Matter and ball lightningStrange space-time anomalies experienced around bigfoot creaturesHow a Midwestern town in the US mysteriously suffered a short-term total electromagnetic collapseHow weird gravitational effects are caused by ball lightningUnexplained camera and battery failure around cryptids and crop circlesWhy a Pentagon Program called AAWSAP researched cryptids at Skinwalker RanchThe book begins with a look at cosmological dark matter, which has yet to be identified but appears to occupy some 34 percent of the universe as a source of cryptids' strange and remarkable abilities. One candidate for explaining dark matter is relic neutrinos produced in huge quantities during the Big Bang. Relic neutrinos interact with biological organisms on Earth and might explain why creatures like bigfoot seem to possess remarkable abilities such as extraordinary speed, strength, cloaking, and can generate orbs and ball lightning. The author also delves into how coherent matter relates to fractals, the Pentagon's AAWSAP Program, research at Skinwalker Ranch, and sudden battery and technology malfunctions around cryptids, cold fusion/LENR experiments, and crop circles. Other subjects covered include how social stigma is attached to these and related topics like Unexplained Aerial Phenomena (UAP) encountered by the US Navy and why that makes it harder for witnesses to report such encounters. It contains new witness accounts of cryptid encounters, never shared before.
Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Antenna
Introduction.- Basic Principles of Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons.- Multipole Antenna Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Structure.- Endfire Antenna Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons.- Low Frequency Omnidirectional Antenna Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons.- Study on the Rotated Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Structure.- Iregular Shaped Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Antenna.- Pattern reconfigurable antenna based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons.- Phased-mode Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Antenna 169.
Introduction to Quantum Computing
This book provides a self-contained undergraduate course on quantum computing based on classroom-tested lecture notes. It reviews the fundamentals of quantum mechanics from the double-slit experiment to entanglement, before progressing to the basics of qubits, quantum gates, quantum circuits, quantum key distribution, and some of the famous quantum algorithms. As well as covering quantum gates in depth, it also describes promising platforms for their physical implementation, along with error correction, and topological quantum computing. With quantum computing expanding rapidly in the private sector, understanding quantum computing has never been so important for graduates entering the workplace or PhD programs. Assuming minimal background knowledge, this book is highly accessible, with rigorous step-by-step explanations of the principles behind quantum computation, further reading, and end-of-chapter exercises, ensuring that undergraduate students in physics and engineering emerge well prepared for the future.
Terahertz Devices, Circuits and Systems
This book is aimed to bring the emerging application aspects of THz technology and various modules used for its successful realization. It gathers scientific technological novelties and advancements already developed or under development in the academic and research communities. This book focuses on recent advances, different research issues in terahertz technology and would also seek out theoretical, methodological, well-established and validated empirical work dealing with these different topics. In particular, this textbook covers design considerations and current trends of THz antennas and antenna arrays to deal with the transmission and reception of THz EM waves. It also presents a discussion on metamaterial structures, meta-surfaces, and absorbers to be used for some kind of sensing and detection applications. Furthermore, it reports on THz wireless communication aspects, 6G network issues and challenges, advantages and disadvantages, generation and detection of THz waves, Signal and Communication Processing for THz communication, reconfigurable low-noise amplifier (LNA) design, III-Nitride HEMTs for THz Applications, photonic crystal fiber for sensing applications, THz Design Variable Estimation by Deep Optimization, and THz Imaging issues. Once the readers finish studying this book then they will learn about the importance of THz technology, advancement in the field, applications, THz modules like antennas, MIMO and DRAs, communication aspects, LNAs, generation of THz waves, etc and future scope. It also leads to enhancement in their knowledge in THz technology, gives a platform to future technology and novel applications realization.
Nanophotonics and Machine Learning
This book, the first of its kind, bridges the gap between the increasingly interlinked fields of nanophotonics and artificial intelligence (AI). While artificial intelligence techniques, machine learning in particular, have revolutionized many different areas of scientific research, nanophotonics holds a special position as it simultaneously benefits from AI-assisted device design whilst providing novel computing platforms for AI. This book is aimed at both researchers in nanophotonics who want to utilize AI techniques and researchers in the computing community in search of new photonics-based hardware. The book guides the reader through the general concepts and specific topics of relevance from both nanophotonics and AI, including optical antennas, metamaterials, metasurfaces, and other photonic devices on the one hand, and different machine learning paradigms and deep learning algorithms on the other. It goes on to comprehensively survey inverse techniques for device design, AI-enabled applications in nanophotonics, and nanophotonic platforms for AI. This book will be essential reading for graduate students, academic researchers, and industry professionals from either side of this fast-developing, interdisciplinary field.
Arthur E. Haas - The Hidden Pioneer of Quantum Mechanics
The book highlights the personal and scientific struggles of Arthur Erich Haas (1884-1941), an Austrian Physicist from a wealthy Jewish middle-class family, whose remarkable accomplishments in a politically hostile but scientifically rewarding environment deserve greater recognition.Haas was a fellow student of both Lise Meitner and Erwin Schr繹dinger and was also one of the last doctoral students of Ludwig Boltzmann. Following Boltzmann's suicide, Haas was forced to submit a more independent doctoral thesis in which he postulated new approaches in early quantum theory, actually introducing the idea of the Bohr radius before Niels Bohr. It is the lost story of a trailblazer in the fields of quantum mechanics and cosmology, a herald of nuclear energy and applications of modern science. This biography of Haas is based on new and previously unpublished family records and archived material from the Vienna Academy of Science and the University of Notre Dame, which the author has collected over many years. From his analysis of the letters, documents, and photos that rested for nearly a century in family attics and academic archives, Michael Wiescher provides a unique and detailed insight into the life of a gifted Jewish physicist during the first half of the twentieth century. It also sheds light on the scientific developments and thinking of the time. It appeals not only to historians and physicists, but also general readers. All appreciate the record of Haas' interactions with many of the key figures who helped to found modern physics.
Towards Thz Chipless High-Q Cooperative Radar Targets for Identification, Sensing, and Ranging
This work systematically investigates the use of high-quality (high-Q) resonators as coding particles of chipless cooperative radar targets to overcome clutter. Due to their high-Q, the backscattered signature can outlast clutter and permit reliable readouts in dynamic environments as well as its integration in other types of cooperative radar targets for joint identification, sensing, and ranging capabilities.This is first demonstrated with temperature and pressure sensors in the microwave frequency range, which include the characterization of a novel temperature sensor for machine tool monitoring up to 400 簞C, as well as inside the machine. Afterwards, the thesis proposes and demonstrates the use of metallic as well as dielectric Electromagnetic BandGap (EBG) structures to enable the realization and to enhance the capabilities at mm-Wave and THz frequencies compared to microwave frequencies with compact monolithic multi-resonator cooperative radar targets. Furthermore, thiswork studies the integration of resonators as coding particles inside larger retroreflective configurations such as Luneburg lenses to achieve long-range and high accuracy for localization and, at the same time, frequency coding robust against clutter for identification. Finally, the successful readout of these cooperative radar targets is demonstrated in cluttered dynamic environments, as well as with readers based on Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radars.
Dissipative Optical Solitons
This book introduces the basic concept of a dissipative soliton, before going to explore recent theoretical and experimental results for various classes of dissipative optical solitons, high-energy dissipative solitons and their applications, and mode-locked fiber lasers.A soliton is a concept which describes various physical phenomena ranging from solitary waves forming on water to ultrashort optical pulses propagating in an optical fiber. While solitons are usually attributed to integrability, in recent years the notion of a soliton has been extended to various systems which are not necessarily integrable. Until now, the main emphasis has been given to well-known conservative soliton systems, but new avenues of inquiry were opened when physicists realized that solitary waves did indeed exist in a wide range of non-integrable and non-conservative systems leading to the concept of so-called dissipative optical solitons. Dissipative optical solitons have manyunique properties which differ from those of their conservative counterparts. For example, except for very few cases, they form zero-parameter families and their properties are completely determined by the external parameters of the optical system. They can exist indefinitely in time, as long as these parameters stay constant. These features of dissipative solitons are highly desirable for several applications, such as in-line regeneration of optical data streams and generation of stable trains of laser pulses by mode-locked cavities.
Metamaterials for Manipulation of Thermal Radiation and Photoluminescence in Near and Far Fields
Quantum Arrangements
This book presents a collection of novel contributions and reviews by renowned researchers in the foundations of quantum physics, quantum optics, and neutron physics. It is published in honor of Michael Horne, whose exceptionally clear and groundbreaking work in the foundations of quantum mechanics and interferometry, both of photons and of neutrons, has provided penetrating insight into the implications of modern physics for our understanding of the physical world. He is perhaps best known for the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. This collection includes an oral history of Michael Horne's contributions to the foundations of physics and his connections to other eminent figures in the history of the subject, among them Clifford Shull and Abner Shimony.
Student Friendly Quantum Field Theory Volume 1
By incorporating extensive student input and innovative teaching methodologies, this book aims to make the process of learning quantum field theory easier, and thus more rapid, profound, and efficient, for both students and instructors. Comprehensive explanations are favored over conciseness, every step in derivations is included, and 'big picture' overviews are provided throughout. See the first two chapters at www.quantumfieldtheory.info.The book is intended for physics students, typically at a graduate level. Student responses to the book include: "[This] book ... makes quantum field theory much easier to understand!""Thanks for ... making quantum field theory clearer!""Awesome. .. approach and presentation .. just awesome !!!"Best presentation of QFT I have ever seen .... marvelous!!!." transforms learning QFT from being a hazardous endeavor to actually being an enjoyable thing to do.""Great job .. extremely clear ... guided me through many ambiguities .. I wasn't able to work out with any other book.""..truly special... extraordinary text. For me, ... a big relief .. finding [this] text."The book focuses on the canonical quantization approach, but also provides an introductory chapter on path integrals. It covers fundamental principles of quantum field theory, then develops quantum electrodynamics in depth.
Quantum Computers
1 Introduction 2 Classical Computer 2.1 Binary Representation 3 Quantum Computer 3.1 Qubit 4 Classical Gates and Circuits 5 Quantum Gates and Circuits 5.1 Hilbert space 5.2 Measurement 6 Deutsch Algorithm 7 Grover Algorithm 7.1 Grover algorithm: two-qubit 7.2 Grover algorithm: n-qubit 7.3 Grover diffusion and rotation gate G 7.4 Single Recursion: Two qubit 8 Deutsch-Josza Algorithm 9 Simon's Algorithm 9.1 Quantum Algorithm 9.2 An Illustrative Example 10 Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) 51 10.1 Quantum circuit of QFT 11 Shor 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Understanding the classical algorithm 11.3 Quantum algorithm 12 Option Pricing 12.1 Quantum Algorithm for Option Pricing 12.2 Quadratic Improvement 12.3 Estimation of Phase 12.4 Call Option 13 Solving Linear Equations 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd Algorithm 13.3 Specific Example 13.4 Other applications 14 Quantum-Classical Hybrid Algorithms 14.1 Why bother? 14.2 Overlap of Wavefunctions 14.3 Variational Quantum Eigensolvers 15 Quantum Error Correction 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Simple quantum errors 15.3 Kraus Operators 15.4 Nine-qubit Code 15.5 General properties of quantum error-correcting codes 15.6 Classical Linear Codes 15.7 CSS Codes 16 Efficiency of a Quantum Computer 16.1 So where does quantum computation take place? 16.2 Conclusions 16.3 Acknowledgements
God Hypothesis
The "holy grail" of physics is quantum gravity, often called the theory of everything. But any scientific theory will be incomplete without the God of the Bible. Physicists claim the cosmos began with a big bang created from nothing. But the word nothing is meaningless in physics. Furthermore, the big bang is an impenetrable barrier to whatever preceded it. In addition, a finite cosmos cannot contain within itself an explanation for its own existence. To claim we are here by accident explains nothing and leads to a logical dead end. The cause of the universe is information in the form of mathematical laws left behind for science to discover. The fundamental properties of these laws have the same attributes as the Supreme Lawgiver of Genesis. An intelligible cosmos is unmistakable evidence the Creator is an Intelligent Mind. The Creator's Voice is a valid scientific theory confirming the truth of Genesis; God spoke the laws creating the universe out of nothing, creatio ex nihilo. The foundation of the universe is ethereal cosmic waves which interact according to the laws to create and sustain the illusion of reality we experience. Space, time, energy and matter are made from quantum information; nothing else is needed. By a process of elimination, God is the only possible explanation for everything we know. The human mind is evidence consciousness is endemic to the cosmos. Cosmic waves interact with the human mind in mysterious ways. The cosmos relates to humans more like a great Mind than a mindless machine. The god-like nature of the human mind is evidence; we are made imago Dei. Even if God is included in a scientific theory, it means little unless it can be shown God is a real Being, alive, present in the world and relevant to our lives.
God Hypothesis
The "holy grail" of physics is quantum gravity, often called the theory of everything. But any scientific theory will be incomplete without the God of the Bible. Physicists claim the cosmos began with a big bang created from nothing. But the word nothing is meaningless in physics. Furthermore, the big bang is an impenetrable barrier to whatever preceded it. In addition, a finite cosmos cannot contain within itself an explanation for its own existence. To claim we are here by accident explains nothing and leads to a logical dead end. The cause of the universe is information in the form of mathematical laws left behind for science to discover. The fundamental properties of these laws have the same attributes as the Supreme Lawgiver of Genesis. An intelligible cosmos is unmistakable evidence the Creator is an Intelligent Mind. The Creator's Voice is a valid scientific theory confirming the truth of Genesis; God spoke the laws creating the universe out of nothing, creatio ex nihilo. The foundation of the universe is ethereal cosmic waves which interact according to the laws to create and sustain the illusion of reality we experience. Space, time, energy and matter are made from quantum information; nothing else is needed. By a process of elimination, God is the only possible explanation for everything we know. The human mind is evidence consciousness is endemic to the cosmos. Cosmic waves interact with the human mind in mysterious ways. The cosmos relates to humans more like a great Mind than a mindless machine. The god-like nature of the human mind is evidence; we are made imago Dei. Even if God is included in a scientific theory, it means little unless it can be shown God is a real Being, alive, present in the world and relevant to our lives.
Quantum Codes for Topological Quantum Computation
This book offers a structured algebraic and geometric approach to the classification and construction of quantum codes for topological quantum computation. It combines key concepts in linear algebra, algebraic topology, hyperbolic geometry, group theory, quantum mechanics, and classical and quantum coding theory to help readers understand and develop quantum codes for topological quantum computation.One possible approach to building a quantum computer is based on surface codes, operated as stabilizer codes. The surface codes evolved from Kitaev's toric codes, as a means to developing models for topological order by using qubits distributed on the surface of a toroid. A significant advantage of surface codes is their relative tolerance to local errors. A second approach is based on color codes, which are topological stabilizer codes defined on a tessellation with geometrically local stabilizer generators. This book provides basic geometric concepts, like surface geometry, hyperbolic geometry and tessellation, as well as basic algebraic concepts, like stabilizer formalism, for the construction of the most promising classes of quantum error-correcting codes such as surfaces codes and color codes.The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students in Electrical Engineering and Mathematics with an understanding of the basic concepts of linear algebra and quantum mechanics.
Nanomaterials for Luminescent Devices, Sensors, and Bio-Imaging Applications
1. Introduction to optical applications of Nanomaterials 2. Quantum wells, wires and dots for luminescent device applications 3. Tuning of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) in metallic nanoparticles for their Applications in SERS 4. Fabrication of Bio sensors based on plasmonic nanoparticles 5. Semiconductor Quantum dots and core shell systems for high contrast cellular/bio imaging 6. Nonlinear optical applications of nanomaterials
Springer Series in Light Scattering
Multiple-path model of reflection and transmission for a turbid slab.- Laboratory measurements of multi-spectral, polarization, and angular characteristics of light reflected from particulate samples.- Spectropolarimetry of snow and ice surfaces: measurements and radiative transfer calculations.- Light scattering by large densely packed clusters of particles.- Light backscattering by atmospheric particles: from laboratory to field experiments.
Laser Communication with Constellation Satellites, Uavs, Haps and Balloons
This book presents posits a solution to the current limitations in global connectivity by introducing a global laser/optical communication system using constellation satellites, UAVs, HAPs and Balloons. The author outlines how this will help to satisfy the tremendous increasing demand for data exchange and information between end-users worldwide including in remote locations. The book provides both fundamentals and the advanced technology development in establishing worldwide communication and global connectivity using, (I) All-Optical technology, and (ii) Laser/Optical Communication Constellation Satellites (of different types, sizes and at different orbits), UAVs, HAPs (High Altitude Platforms) and Balloons. The book discusses step-by-step methods to develop a satellite backbone in order to interconnect a number of ground nodes clustered within a few SD-WAN (software-defined networking) in a wide area network (WAN) around the world in order to provide a fully-meshed communication network. This book pertains to anyone in optical communications, telecommunications, and system engineers, as well as technical managers in the aerospace industry and the graduate students, and researchers in academia and research laboratory.Proposed a solution to the limitations in global connectivity through a global laser/optical communication system using constellation satellites, UAVs, HAPs and Balloons;Provides both fundamentals and the advanced technology development in establishing global communication connectivity using optical technology and communication constellation satellites;Includes in-depth coverage of the basics of laser/optical communication constellation satellites.
Introduction to Quantum Computing with Q# and Qdk
This book introduces the fundamentals of the theory of quantum computing, illustrated with code samples written in Q#, a quantum-specific programming language, and its related Quantum Development Kit. Quantum computing (QC) is a multidisciplinary field that sits at the intersection of quantum physics, quantum information theory, computer science and mathematics, and which may revolutionize the world of computing and software engineering. The book begins by covering historical aspects of quantum theory and quantum computing, as well as offers a gentle, algebra-based, introduction to quantum mechanics, specifically focusing on concepts essential for the field of quantum programming. Quantum state description, state evolution, quantum measurement and the Bell's theorem are among the topics covered. The readers also get a tour of the features of Q# and familiarize themselves with the QDK. Next, the core QC topics are discussed, complete with the necessary mathematical formalism. This includes the notions of qubit, quantum gates and quantum circuits. In addition to that, the book provides a detailed treatment of a series of important concepts from quantum information theory, in particular entanglement and the no-cloning theorem, followed by discussion about quantum key distribution and its various protocols. Finally, the canon of most important QC algorithms and algorithmic techniques is covered in-depth - from the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, through Grover's search, to Quantum Fourier Transform, quantum phase estimation and Shor's algorithm. The book is an accessible introduction into the vibrant and fascinating field of quantum computing, offering a blend of academic diligence with pragmatism that is so central to software development world. All of the discussed theoretical aspects of QC are accompanied by runnable code examples, providing the reader with two different angles - mathematical and programmatic - of looking at the same problem space.
An Introduction to Photonics and Laser Physics with Applications
The book presents the basic theory of lasers for a beginner and their applications in interdisciplinary field of science and technology.
Extensions and Restrictions of Generalized Probabilistic Theories
Generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs) allow us to write quantum theory in a purely operational language and enable us to formulate other, vastly different theories. As it turns out, there is no canonical way to integrate the notion of subsystems within the framework of convex operational theories. Sections can be seen as generalization of subsystems and describe situations where not all possible observables can be implemented. Jonathan Steinberg discusses the mathematical foundations of GPTs using the language of Archimedean order unit spaces and investigates the algebraic nature of sections. This includes an analysis of the category theoretic structure and the transformation properties of the state space. Since the Hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics uses tensor products to describe subsystems, he shows how one can interpret the tensor product as a special type of a section. In addition he applies this concept to quantum theory and compares it with the formulation inthe algebraic approach. Afterwards he gives a complete characterization of low dimensional sections of arbitrary quantum systems using the theory of matrix pencils.
Ham Radio Technician Class Test Study Guide 2022 - 2026
Ace your amateur radio examHam radio is an exciting hobby that connects people around the globe. But before you can hop on those waves, you have to earn a license. This study guide will ensure you're ready for the Technician Class test. It sets you up for success with a comprehensive overview, detailed diagrams, helpful hints, and more.A clear approach--The guide's simple and straightforward language turns the technical into the accessible, making it an easy read for any ham radio enthusiast.Build your knowledge--Move beyond rote memorization with in-depth explanations of the exam's elements, all smartly organized to help you progress from easier topics to more complex ones.Get comfortable with the test questions--Review all 441 of the possible exam questions, complete with their correct answers. Incorrect answers are purposely not included so come test day, they seem unfamiliar.Use this effective study guide and walk into your exam with confidence.
Unified Field Theory and Occam’s Razor: Simple Solutions to Deep Questions
Unified Field Theory was an expression first used by Einstein in his attempt to unify general relativity with electromagnetism. Unified Field Theory and Occam's Razor attempts to provide real answers to foundational questions related to this unification and should be of high interest to innovative scientists. A diverse group of contributing authors approach an old problem with an open-mindedness that presents a new and fresh perspective. The following topics are discussed in detail in the hope of a fruitful dialogue with all who are interested in this subject: This highly original book brings together theoretical researchers and experimentalists specialized in the areas of mathematics and epistemology, theoretical and experimental physics, engineering, and technology. For years they have worked independently on topics related to the foundations and unity of physics and have had numerous overlapping ideas in terms of using Clifford algebra and spinors. Within the book, new technology applications are outlined and theoretical results are complemented by interpretations of experimental data.
Waves and Wave Interactions in Plasmas
This book is written in a lucid and systematic way for advanced postgraduates and researchers studying applied mathematics, plasma physics, nonlinear differential equations, nonlinear optics, and other engineering branches where nonlinear wave phenomena is essential.In sequential order of the book's development, readers will understand basic plasmas with elementary definitions of magnetized and unmagnetized plasmas, plasma modeling, dusty plasma and quantum plasma. Following which, the book describes linear and nonlinear waves, solitons, shocks and other wave phenomena, while solutions to common nonlinear wave equations are derived via standard techniques. Readers are introduced to elementary perturbation and non-perturbation methods. They will discover several evolution equations in different plasma situations as well as the properties of solitons in those environments. Pertaining to those equations, readers will learn about their higher order corrections, as well as their different forms and solutions in non-planar geometry. The book offers further studies on different types of collisions between solitons in plasma environment, phenomena of soliton turbulence as a consequence of multi-soliton interactions, properties of large amplitude solitary waves which are discovered via non-perturbative Sagdeev's Pseudopotential Approach, as well as the speed and shape of solitons. Finally, the book reveals possible future developments of research in this rich field.
Sound Therapy
The soothing sound of a wind chime, the calming tones of music during a massage or the exotic vibrations of a singing bowl are all sounds that can have healing properties. Learn more about the power of sound therapy for health, healing, and overall wellness. Conditions that sound therapy may help with include tinnitus or ringing in the ears, anxious feelings, certain muscle or joint tension, feelings of sadness and much more. This comprehensive guide will give you all kinds of therapies and instrument ideas to use sound therapy for your general health and well being Here's a Preview of What This Book Contains...Introduction to Sound HealingThe Basic Concept of Sound Healing ExplainedUnderstanding the Healing Process Through Sound and MusicThe Five Factors That Determine the Effects of Sound (Must Read!)The Best Musical Instruments for Healing Listed & ExplainedHow to Center Yourself for Optimal ExperienceAnd Much, Much More!This book explains in layman's terms how sound therapy with singing bowls can influence brain chemistry and have powerful effects on physical and emotional health. It elucidates how the singing bowl's vibrations can stimulate the relaxation response and bring balance and harmony in body, mind, and spirit. This book does not simply tell you about the bowl. It also serves as an essential guide for beginners who want to start a singing bowl practice. It also gives useful and sensible tips to guide you in your practice.
Quantum Mechanics
Foundations.- Schr繹dinger's equation.- Schr繹dinger's Equation in One Dimension.- Operators, Expectation Values, and Various Quantum Theories.- The Harmonic Oscillator.- Schr繹dinger's equation in Three Dimensions and the Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum.- Central Potentials.
Mathematical Quantum Physics
This book provides the rigorous mathematical foundations of Quantum Physics, from the operational meaning of the measuring process to the most recent theories for the quantum scale of space-time geometry. Topics like relativistic invariance, quantum systems with finite and infinitely many degrees of freedom, second quantisation, scattering theory, are all presented through the formalism of Operator Algebras for a precise mathematical justification.The book is targeted to graduate students and researchers in the area of theoretical/mathematical physics who want to learn about the mathematical foundations of quantum physics, as well as the mathematics students and researchers in the area of operator algebras/functional analysis who want to dive into some of the applications of the theory to physics.
Generalized Principle of Pattern Multiplication and Its Applications
This book investigates in detail the generalized principle of the pattern multiplication (GPPM) and its application to new phased array with high performances. It introduces the generalized element factor (GEF) to small aperture with multi-modes. Based on the GEF, the GPPM can be used to construct the wide-angle scanning array with the dual-port phase mode antenna. Further, a dual-port phase mode SSPPs antenna is proposed to scan in 3D free space. It is extended to two kinds of 1D arrays with 4 elements; both of them perform good 3D scanning with high gain and large range, which will improve future radar design and wireless communication. This book proposes a new method to develop the potentialities of the GPPM and the new phase array. And the readers can study the method or ideas of the GEF, GPPM, even graft the methods to new phase mode antenna and array. It is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in new phase mode antenna and array technology, researchers investigating high-performance antenna, and antenna design engineers working on phase array applications.
Quantum Science
This book focuses on recent topics of quantum science in both physics and chemistry. Until now, quantum science has not been fully discussed from the interdisciplinary vantage points of both physics and chemistry. This book, however, is written not only for theoretical physicists and chemists, but also for experimentalists in the fields of physical chemistry and condensed matter physics, as collaboration and interplay between construction of quantum theory, and experimentation has become more important. Tips for starting new types of research projects will be found in an understanding of cutting-edge quantum science. In Part I, quantum electronic structures are explained in cases of strongly correlated copper oxides and heavy elements. In Part II, quantum molecular dynamics is investigated by computational approaches and molecular beam experiments. In Part III, after lithium problem in big bang nucleosynthesis scenario is considered using supersymmetricstandard model, quantum theories in atomic and molecular systems are reviewed. Finally, in Part IV, the development of quantum computational method is introduced.
Plasmonic Photocatalysis
This book highlights the principles, research advances, and applications of plasmonic photocatalysis. As a new class of catalysts, plasmonic nanostructures with the unique ability to harvest solar energy across the entire visible spectrum and produce effective photocatalysis are viewed as a promising pathway for the energy crisis. Although plasmonic catalysis has been widely reported, the excitation mechanism and energy transfer pathway are still controversial. Meanwhile, the latest discovery of catalysis on nanomaterials is less reported. This book outlines the basics of plasmonic photocatalysis, including the electromagnetic properties of metal materials and surface plasmon, and discusses the catalytic mechanisms including the nearfield enhancements, hot electron, and thermal effects. In addition, the measurement methods and current advances on molecules and nanocrystals are presented in detail. Suitable for graduate students and researchers in physics, optics and optical engineering, and materials science, the book will deepen readers' understanding of the interaction between light and nanomaterials and expand their knowledge of the principles and applications of nanophotonics.
Lectures on Quantum Mechanics
The new edition of this remarkable textbook offers the reader a conceptually strong introduction to quantum mechanics, but goes beyond this to present a fascinating tour of modern theoretical physics. Beautifully illustrated and engagingly written, it starts with a brief overview of diverse topics across physics including nanotechnology, materials science, and cosmology. It provides new chapters on astrophysics, quantum information and the photon. Each chapter provides a set of exercises, questions, a problem and solutions. The core of the book covers both established and emerging aspects of quantum mechanics. A concise introduction to traditional quantum mechanics covers the Schr繹dinger equation, Hilbert space, photon physics, the algebra of observables, hydrogen atom, spin and Pauli principle. Modern features of the field are presented with Bell's inequality by exploring systems of entangled states, that have generated the 'second quantum revolution' of systems that communicate instantly at a distance, and the birth of quantum information: cryptography, teleportation and quantum computers.
