The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
A landmark book on the influential many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics In 1957, Hugh Everett proposed a novel interpretation of quantum mechanics--a view that eventually became known as the many-worlds interpretation. This book presents Everett's two landmark papers on the idea--"'Relative State' Formulation of Quantum Mechanics" and "The Theory of the Universal Wave Function"--as well as further discussion of the idea in papers from a number of other physicists: J. A. Wheeler, Bryce DeWitt, L. N. Cooper and D. Van Vechten, and Neill Graham. In his interpretation, Everett denies the existence of a separate classical realm and asserts the propriety of considering a state vector for the whole universe. Because this state vector never collapses, reality as a whole is rigorously deterministic. This reality, which is described jointly by the dynamical variables and the state vector, isn't the reality customarily perceived; rather, it's a reality composed of many worlds. By virtue of the temporal development of the dynamical variables, the state vector decomposes naturally into orthogonal vectors, reflecting a continual splitting of the universe into a multitude of mutually unobservable but equally real worlds, in each of which every good measurement has yielded a definite result, and in most of which the familiar statistical quantum laws hold. Bryce S. DeWitt (1923-2004) was a prize-winning theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Texas at Austin. Neill Graham (1941-2015) was a physicist and writer.
The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
A landmark book on the influential many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics In 1957, Hugh Everett proposed a novel interpretation of quantum mechanics--a view that eventually became known as the many-worlds interpretation. This book presents Everett's two landmark papers on the idea--"'Relative State' Formulation of Quantum Mechanics" and "The Theory of the Universal Wave Function"--as well as further discussion of the idea in papers from a number of other physicists: J. A. Wheeler, Bryce DeWitt, L. N. Cooper and D. Van Vechten, and Neill Graham. In his interpretation, Everett denies the existence of a separate classical realm and asserts the propriety of considering a state vector for the whole universe. Because this state vector never collapses, reality as a whole is rigorously deterministic. This reality, which is described jointly by the dynamical variables and the state vector, isn't the reality customarily perceived; rather, it's a reality composed of many worlds. By virtue of the temporal development of the dynamical variables, the state vector decomposes naturally into orthogonal vectors, reflecting a continual splitting of the universe into a multitude of mutually unobservable but equally real worlds, in each of which every good measurement has yielded a definite result, and in most of which the familiar statistical quantum laws hold. Bryce S. DeWitt (1923-2004) was a prize-winning theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Texas at Austin. Neill Graham (1941-2015) was a physicist and writer.
The Quantum Revelation
Reveals quantum physics as a modern-day spiritual path for awakening and expanding consciousness - Shows how the revelations emerging from quantum physics can wake us up from the disempowering spell of the scientific materialist worldview and help dispel the collective madness that has befallen our species - Explains for readers with no physics background why quantum physics is, in the words of Albert Einstein, so "uncommonly important" that "it should be everyone's concern" - Shows how quantum physics can help us awaken to the malleable, dreamlike nature of reality, a realization that unlocks the creative spirit within us Explaining the world-transforming effects of quantum physics, Paul Levy shows how discoveries in this field--widely considered the greatest in the history of science--can wake us up from the disempowering spell of the reductionist, materialist worldview, thereby helping to dispel the collective madness that has befallen our species. He explains how quantum physics helps us to consciously realize our vast evolutionary potential and awaken us to the malleable, dreamlike nature of reality, a realization that unlocks the creative spirit hidden within our own minds. In a radical synthesis of quantum physics with spirituality, psychology, lucid dreaming, and alchemy, Levy contemplates the deeper philosophical and metaphysical underpinnings of quantum mechanics, exploring what it means that quantum physics has empirically proven that there is no such thing as "objective reality" and how we are active participants in creating our experience of reality, whether we realize it or not. Revealing the quantum nature of our world and ourselves, The Quantum Revelation shows how quantum physics has become a modern-day spiritual path for awakening and expanding consciousness with particular relevance for the challenging times we are living through.
Unified Field Theory (Academic Edition)
The Academic Edition of Unified Field Theory delves deeply into the profound concepts of Zhang XiangQian's groundbreaking work. Designed for scholars and intellectuals, this edition presents a comprehensive exploration of the theory's mathematical frameworks, scientific principles, and philosophical implications.With rigorous analysis and detailed commentary, this edition emphasizes accuracy and depth, making it an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, and professionals seeking to understand the unifying forces of the universe. A must-read for anyone looking to engage with the frontiers of theoretical physics and the underpinnings of reality.
Quantum Field Theory, as Simply as Possible
An exceptionally accessible introduction to quantum field theory Quantum field theory is by far the most spectacularly successful theory in physics, but also one of the most mystifying. This venerable subject provides the crucial bridge between the long established quantum mechanics and the still hypothetical string theory. Quantum Field Theory, as Simply as Possible provides an essential primer on the subject, giving readers the conceptual foundations they need to wrap their heads around one of the most important yet baffling subjects in physics. Quantum field theory grew out of quantum mechanics in the late 1930s and was developed by a generation of brilliant young theorists, including Julian Schwinger and Richard Feynman. Their predictions were experimentally verified to an astounding accuracy unmatched by the rest of physics. Quantum field theory unifies quantum mechanics and special relativity, thus providing the framework for understanding the quantum mysteries of the subatomic world. With his trademark blend of wit and physical insight, A. Zee guides readers from the classical notion of the field to the modern frontiers of quantum field theory, covering a host of topics along the way, including antimatter, Feynman diagrams, virtual particles, the path integral, quantum chromodynamics, electroweak unification, grand unification, and quantum gravity. A unique and valuable introduction for students and general readers alike, Quantum Field Theory, as Simply as Possible explains how quantum field theory informs our understanding of the universe, and how it can shed light on some of the deepest mysteries of physics.
Portals to a New Reality
Why five revolutionary experiments in quantum physics promise to open the gates separating us from a true understanding of the universe For the last century, physics has been treading along the paths set by the same two theories--quantum theory and general relativity--and, let's face it, it's getting pretty boring. Most scientists are simply chasing decimal points in laboratories, unable to explore the theories at large scales, where serious discrepancies could emerge. The situation is a lot like the one physics was in in 1890, right before Planck, Einstein, and Bohr blew the roof off Newtonian physics. As Vlatko Vedral argues in Portals to a New Reality, that means we are on the brink of a revolution. Vedral shows how quantum information theory has opened radically new avenues for experiments that could upend physics. They can sound very strange--one essentially involves entangling a human with Schr繹dinger's cat--but they lay bare elements of our theories that are particularly problematic, such as the widespread belief that nothing truly exists unless it is observed. At present these experiments are thought experiments, albeit fascinating ones. But nothing, save inertia and a lack of ambition, stands in our way. Now is the time to rewrite the understanding of the universe.
Unified Field Theory (Academic Edition)
The Academic Edition of Unified Field Theory delves deeply into the profound concepts of Zhang XiangQian's groundbreaking work. Designed for scholars and intellectuals, this edition presents a comprehensive exploration of the theory's mathematical frameworks, scientific principles, and philosophical implications.With rigorous analysis and detailed commentary, this edition emphasizes accuracy and depth, making it an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, and professionals seeking to understand the unifying forces of the universe. A must-read for anyone looking to engage with the frontiers of theoretical physics and the underpinnings of reality.
Recent Advances in High-Power Electromagnetics
We live in a modern world powered by large, complex systems, including financial markets, communication networks, transportation networks, and security infrastructure. Sensitive electronics are omnipresent, making them increasingly vulnerable to high-power electromagnetic (HPEM) threats - an emerging risk capable of disrupting critical networks and the infrastructure they support. This book explores recent advances in HPEM sources, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), strategies for protecting against intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) and detection and mitigation of these threats. This book is an edited selection of invited papers that have been updated and expanded from the 2022 GlobalEM Conference. It offers an in-depth overview of the state of the art in high-power electromagnetics, including high-power microwave and ultrawideband sources, intentional electromagnetic interference, electromagnetic compatibility, and detection methods for IEMI threats. The book will help readers working in high-power electromagnetics and related fields to: Understand the capabilities of modern HPEM sources; Understand the threats represented by HPEM on modern critical infrastructures, systems, and equipment; Identify the coupling mechanisms of different HPEM sources in different scenarios; Identify the efficacy of shielding, filtering, hardening and other protection mechanisms.
Final Theory of Light
This book, revised and updated in December 2024, reveals a revolutionary method for finding extraterrestrial life. Based on new discoveries regarding the fundamental nature of light, a virtual video camera is set to show an exciting way to explore the Universe and change cosmology forever. Light is a well-studied subject, yet there are many misconceptions concerning light's fundamental nature. Some mysteries about light continue to puzzle scientists even today in the 21st Century. But now, in the Final Theory of Light, these puzzles are resolved and revealed for the first time. For example, what exactly makes the speed of light always constant; why light can never bend, bounce or reflect off anything; why all light-photons in the universe are identical; the spurious nature of the quantum theory of light; how to see exoplanets in full detail; how the famous double-slit experiments of light misled the world; exactly how objects convey their colours to our eyes, and much more. Particle physics has not seen progress since the 1970s when the standard model of particle physics was completed. Ever since then, the theories used to describe observations in physics have remained unchanged. Little by little the standard model of particle physics has become more and more outdated and inconsistent. As a result, millions of physics students are today going down blind alleys and rabbit holes full of misguided concepts. This in turn leads to blighted careers, and a falling out in the pursuit of science. As pointed out by Charlie Wood and many others (Fundamental physics is in a crisis, Quanta Magazine, 12 August 2024), scientists are increasingly saying that particle physics is facing a nightmare scenario with many researchers looking for a new direction in physics. A monumental shift in a new direction in particle physics is very overdue. This book provides that major shift, setting particle physics in a new direction and the prospect of many new exciting discoveries. The Final Theory of Light gives you a fundamental understanding of light as never before. It is written for a general audience to enjoy, regardless of background or expertise. Unlike other books on the subject it avoids taking you down scientific blind alleys and rabbit holes full of confusing misconceptions. Whether you're involved in science, cosmology, optics, astrophysics, technology or physics generally, this book is an absolute must read and may save years of fruitless study and research. It is available in English (Final Theory of Light & Finding Extraterrestrials) or in Spanish (Teor穩a Final de la Luz y B繳squeda de extraterrestres).
Introduction to Ray, Wave, and Beam Optics with Applications
This book introduces the fundamentals of optics, a field essential to both everyday life and advanced technologies, yet often overlooked in engineering education. Importantly, it includes chapters on complex light, as well as light-based applications. Designed for both students and industry professionals, it aims to make optics accessible while inspiring curiosity, using practical exercises with tools like OSLO, Zemax OpticStudio, and Matlab to deepen understanding.
Modern Physics
This textbook offers an introduction to statistical mechanics, special relativity, and quantum physics, developed from lecture notes for the "Quantum Physics" course at the University of Padua. Beginning with a brief review of classical statistical mechanics in the first chapter, the book explores special and general relativity in the second chapter. The third chapter delves into the historical analysis of light quantization, while the fourth chapter discusses Niels Bohr's quantization of energy levels and electromagnetic transitions. The Schr繹dinger equation is investigated in the fifth chapter. Chapter Six covers applications of quantum mechanics, including the quantum particle in a box, quantum particle in harmonic potential, quantum tunneling, stationary perturbation theory, and time-dependent perturbation theory. Chapter Seven outlines the basic axioms of quantum mechanics. Chapter Eight focuses on quantum atomic physics, emphasizing electron spin and utilizing the Dirac equation for theoretical justification. The ninth chapter explains quantum mechanics principles for identical particles at zero temperature, while Chapter Ten extends the discussion to quantum particles at finite temperature. Chapter Eleven provides insights into quantum information and entanglement, and the twelfth chapter explains the path integral approach to quantum mechanics.
Light Reflection and the Observer
One of our pervasive conditions is to be immersed in radiation, but what we see is constrained to the visual spectrum, to a sensitivity of about 1/10th of a second, and by our position. Rather than being limitations, these constraints provide a framework in which we can navigate, examine and think about the world. The author considers the taken-for-granted phenomena of moonlight on water and sunlight on snow to show that our position is crucial: when we move bright specular reflections follow us on top of the diffuse background.
Multifunctional Sensors
This book provides a detailed overview of multifunctional sensors, covering discussions on different types of multifunctional sensors developed in past years. As a case study, the development of admittance-type multifunctional sensors is provided, constituting its construction, working principles, measurements, and instrumentation used. It also explores a review of the research in the field from 1990 to 2022. It will be a useful resource for researchers of sensor technologies across physics, engineering, and other physical sciences.Key Features Presents a case study of a multifunctional sensor that measures temperature and level simultaneously Discusses latest trends in the area and can be understood by advanced students up to research level scholars Looks ahead to the future of these sensors for further research opportunities.
Quantum Mechanics I
Quantum Mechanics I: The Fundamentals provides a graduate-level account of the behavior of matter and energy at the molecular, atomic, nuclear, and sub-nuclear levels. It covers basic concepts, mathematical formalism, and applications to physically important systems.This fully updated new edition addresses many topics not typically found in books at this level, including: Bound state solutions of quantum pendulum Morse oscillator Solutions of classical counterpart of quantum mechanical systems A criterion for bound state Scattering from a locally periodic potential and reflection-less potential Modified Heisenberg relation Wave packet revival and its dynamics An asymptotic method for slowly varying potentials Klein paradox, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox, and Bell's theorem Delayed-choice experiments Fractional quantum mechanics Numerical methods for quantum systems A collection of problems at the end of each chapter develops students' understanding of both basic concepts and the application of theory to various physically important systems. This book, along with the authors' follow-up Quantum Mechanics II: Advanced Topics, provides students with a broad, up-to-date introduction to quantum mechanics. Print Versions of this book also include access to the ebook version.
Quantum Mechanics II
Quantum Mechanics II: Advanced Topics offers a comprehensive exploration of the state-of-the-art in various advanced topics of current research interest. A follow-up to the authors' introductory book Quantum Mechanics I: The Fundamentals, this book expounds basic principles, theoretical treatment, case studies, worked-out examples and applications of advanced topics including quantum technologies.A thoroughly revised and updated this unique volume presents an in-depth and up-to-date progress on the growing topics including latest achievements on quantum technology. In the second edition six new chapters are included and the other ten chapters are extensively revised.Features Covers classical and quantum field theories, path integral formalism and supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Highlights coherent and squeezed states, Berry's phase, Aharonov--Bohm effect and Wigner function. Explores salient features of quantum entanglement and quantum cryptography. Presents basic concepts of quantum computers and the features of no-cloning theorem and quantum cloning machines. Describes the theory and techniques of quantum tomography, quantum simulation and quantum error correction. Introduces other novel topics including quantum versions of theory of gravity, cosmology, Zeno effect, teleportation, games, chaos and steering. Outlines the quantum technologies of ghost imaging, detection of weak amplitudes and displacements, lithography, metrology, teleportation of optical images, sensors, batteries and internet. Contains several worked-out problems and exercises in each chapter. Quantum Mechanics II: Advanced Topics addresses various currently emerging exciting topics of quantum mechanics. It emphasizes the fundamentals behind the latest cutting-edge developments to help explain the motivation for deeper exploration. The book is a valuable resource for graduate students in physics and engineering wishing to pursue research in quantum mechanics.
Techniques in Light Microscopy
This textbook provides an accessible and pedagogical explanation of the way microscopes magnify images and covers all techniques to date in transmitted and fluorescent light microscopy. The first section covers basic optics as it relates to microscopy. The second section describes all the major optical techniques of transmitted light microscopy, starting with brightfield, through darkfield, polarized light, phase contrast, differential interference contrast, and Hoffman modulation contrast microscopy. The final third of the book covers all the techniques of fluorescence microscopy. It begins with a simple explanation of fluorescence and is followed by Widefield epifluorescence, confocal, and 2-photon microscopy. This is followed by computational imaging including restoration ('deconvolution') microscopy, and all the present super-resolution techniques. The book concludes by discussing attainable resolution using transmitted light microscopy, including a thorough discussion of the Rayleigh, Sparrow, and other criteria of resolution, ending with a short discussion of the common pitfalls that result in decreased microscope resolution. The final chapter in the book is a short history of the microscope, beginning with the ancients, then discussing three seminal natural philosophers: Leeuwenhoek, Swammerdam, and Hooke. The remaining sections of the history chapter cover mechanical and optical advancements in the history of transmitted light microscopy. Finally, it includes a short history of fluorescence microscopy starting with K繹hler and Rohr's first use of fluorescence microscopy in 1905, and ending with a description of the Sarastro Phoibos 1000, the first commercial confocal microscope.
Electrodynamics of Superconductors
Superconductivity is a remarkable, on the verge of miraculous, macroscopic quantum phenomenon with a boundless potential for a wide variety of applications. Over the last century the physics of superconductivity constitutes a major part of research in condensed matter and yet the electrodynamics of superconductors appears as only a minor part in textbooks on electrodynamics and superconductivity. The book offers a fresh look at electrodynamics of continuous media with detailed description of thermal and electromagnetic properties of superconductors, emphasising physical meaning of concepts and principles without excessive mathematics. To facilitate understanding, it is accompanied by problems and worked solutions. The book will be of interest to senior undergraduate and graduate students of physics and chemistry who have taken a calculus-based course in general physics. It is a valuable reference for researchers involved in studies of superconductivity, the physics of metals, and condensed matter physics.Key Features: The first book - in terms of semi-classical physics - addressing both equilibrium and nonequilibrium, thermal and transport properties of superconducting materials Presents an accessible overview without excessive mathematics Accompanied by problems with solutions to aid understanding
Metasurface-driven Electronic Warfare
Understand the metasurface revolution in electronic warfare Electronic warfare (EW) ensures to one's forces the safe usage of the electromagnetic spectrum while denying it to adversaries. Modern warfare is an extraordinarily fluid and dynamic activity, with numerous involved systems reconfigurable at the front or back ends. Metasurfaces, however, are artificially engineered surfaces that promise to take this dynamism to unprecedented levels by making platforms (aircraft, vessels, etc.) and the environment itself reconfigurable-a revolution that even major EW authorities have yet to fully comprehend. Metasurface-driven Electronic Warfare outlines the parameters of this revolution and its transformative potential in the EW space. Beginning with a historical overview of the EW dynamism, it then provides the electromagnetics basics to understand metasurfaces, their operation mechanisms, and capacity for shaping electromagnetic waves. Thereafter a series of detailed studies of metasurface applications in EW makes this an indispensable guide to an increasingly dynamic battlefield. Readers will also find: Clear cost-benefit analyses of metasurface substitutions in modern EW scenarios Detailed discussion of metasurface applications including stealth, electronic support, electronic attack, electronic protection, their use in drone swarms, smart environments, and more Simulations of EW scenarios with accompanying MATLAB codes and exercises Metasurface-driven Electronic Warfare is ideal for EW analysts, specialists, and operators, as well as signals intelligence and electrical engineering researchers and students. Because it covers the essentials in both areas, the book is also appropriate to support graduate courses on metasurfaces or EW.
Physiological Optical Imaging
Physiological optical imaging is a group of emerging technologies that aim to provide healthcare practitioners and biomedical researchers with information about tissue physiology or pathophysiology using approaches different from traditional medical imaging (PET, ultrasound, MRI, X-ray, or CT scan).This book provides a comprehensive review of this group of technologies, combining a current medical literature review with an overview of cutting-edge technologies, the physics behind them, and common features across different technologies. It presents technical and physiological considerations that impact the sensitivity and spatial resolution of each technology and practical ways to improve them. The book emphasises low-cost technologies, which can be implemented in point-of-care settings. It is illustrated primarily with examples from wound care and oncology, with additional examples from other medical fields, including ophthalmology and neuroimaging.It can be used as a one-stop reference and practical guide for healthcare professionals, clinical researchers, and engineers working with emerging bioimaging technologies who are looking to utilise physiological optical imaging technologies in biomedical research or clinical practice.Key Features: Provides a comprehensive review of current technologies. Written as a practical guide with physiological and design considerations and illustrations. Presents a 360-degree view on the topic: a combination of clinical information alongside a technological background.
Phonons - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications
This book presents the latest advancements in the study of phonons and acoustic metamaterials. Chapters address such topics as modeling theories aimed at characterizing coupled modes and dispersion curves, acoustic radiation, nonlinear phenomena, thermodynamics, antiferromagnets, acoustic black holes, and track structures. The book compiles significant contributions from esteemed international researchers, offering an excellent survey of new perspectives on phonons.
Supercontinuum Generation in Specialty Optical Fibers
This book focuses on the basic understanding of specialty optical fibers, their applications in mid-IR light generation, and cutting-edge research in the field. The book provides all the basic knowledge about specialty optical fibers and their characteristics, including dispersion, losses, propagation of modes, and so forth. Finally, the technologies based on optical fibers and their applications in all prospective areas of research are discussed.Features: Provides an introduction to the history of the specialty optical fibers, and technologies based on specialty optical fibers Explores specific applications of mid-IR supercontinuum generation in specialty optical fibers Discusses the fabrication of specialty optical fiber-based photonic devices Reviews the integration of nanotechnology with specialty optical fibers Details future prospectives of specialty optical fiber-based photonic devices This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in photonics, optics, physics, and photonic crystal fibers.
O Level Physics for Cambridge Students
O Level Physics for Cambridge Students (2024 & 2025 Edition)This comprehensive guide is tailored for the latest Cambridge O Level syllabus. It covers: Mechanics: Motion, forces, energy, momentumThermal Physics: Kinetic model, heat transferWaves: Light, sound, reflection, refractionElectricity & Magnetism: Circuits, electromagnetismNuclear Physics: Radioactivity, fission, fusionSpace Physics: Earth, solar system, starsFeatures: Clear explanations & diagramsReal-world examplesExam-focused practice questionsEmpowering students to excel in their exams and appreciate the wonders of physics.
Quantum Mechanics Through Problems
This book contains more than 300 problems in quantum mechanics with accompanying solutions, covering topics that are commonly taught in first-year graduate physics programs. Special care is given to each problem's formulation, with detailed and extensive solutions provided to support understanding. The problems span a range of difficulties, from basic exercises to more challenging applications and extensions of the standard material. Students are required to think critically and incorporate physics and mathematical techniques learned previously or concurrently to solve the more challenging problems. Each chapter begins by framing the particular topic being examined with a short theory section that sets the context for and motivates the problems that follow. This text is well suited for self-study or as a useful supplement to the existing quantum mechanics textbooks for upper-undergraduate and graduate students, and their instructors.
The Reasoning of Quantum Mechanics
This Second Edition presents and details the process of quantization of a classical mechanical system in a relevant physical system, the harmonic oscillator. As mathematics and physics are inextricably interwoven in quantum theories, the author takes a mathematically rigorous approach. The book focuses on properties of the quantum system that can be observed and measured, and the author then interprets the resulting theory. The book covers methods of operator theory in the formulation of the theory as well as in the calculation of the consequences of the theory. The author addresses the mathematical foundation of the probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics through the spectral theorems for (densely-defined and linear) self-adjoint operators in complex Hilbert spaces. The book also explains the measurement process and questions the challenges of the wave function, the EPR paradox, and Bell's inequality.
Electromagnetic Fields for Engineers
Master the fundamentals of undergraduate electromagnetics with this concise and accessible textbook, linking theoretical principles to real-world engineering applications. Lightning, nuclear fusion, superconductors: over 80 real-world TechNote case studies throughout the book show how key electromagnetic principles work in a wide variety of natural effects and man-made devices. Learn in confidence: over 170 annotated step-by-step examples, with illustrated field patterns, aid student visualization of key physical principles, and help them build a solid foundation for future study. Dive deeper: sidenotes provide detailed proofs and context without distracting from core learning, and carefully designed appendices provide additional mathematical assistance when needed. Make progress: over 375 end-of-chapter homework problems to assess and extend student understanding. Flexible instructor support: start your students off with statics, or dive straight into dynamics, with this versatile full-color textbook for a one-or two-semester course, supported by lecture slides, instructor solutions, Matlab animations, and PowerPoint and JPEG figures.
Pedrottis' Introduction to Optics
The fourth edition of Pedrottis' Introduction to Optics is a comprehensive revision of a classic guide to the fascinating properties of light, now with new authors. Ideally suited for undergraduate optics courses in physics and electrical/electronic engineering departments, this edition adopts a distinctive phenomenological approach, bringing the underlying science to life through interactive simulations and beautifully revised figures. The modular structure and succinct style of previous editions has been maintained, while the content has been modernized, new topics have been added, and a greater consistency of terminology attained. For even more effective learning, a recurring theme of student engagement runs throughout the text, supported by a multifaceted pedagogical package that reinforces key concepts, develops a clear understanding of optical technologies and applications, and connects to students' experiences and observations from everyday life.
Free-Space Optical Communication Systems for Next Generation Networks
This book provides insights in the field of free-space optical (FSO) communication, which is considered the next frontier for future-generation, broadband wireless networks. The authors discuss various factors limiting practical implementations of the mixed radio frequency/free-space optical (RF/FSO) relaying technology, to determine the impact of important parameters on the performance of mixed RF/FSO relaying systems. The book presents the various generalized channel models that can be adopted to model RF and FSO link statistics. Further, it presents the modeling of amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) forms of cooperative relaying schemes. This book enables readers to understand the various mitigation techniques that can be utilized in mixed RF/FSO relaying in order to improve the overall user experience. The authors discuss the importance of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the field of wireless optical communication systems. Finally, the optical wireless channel modeling using both CNN and LSTM model is explored with their potential to enhance the accuracy and reliability of channel estimation.
1924-1927: The Dawning of Quantum Mechanics
In June of 1925, almost a hundred years ago, Werner Heisenberg spent ten days on the island of Heligoland - thanks to his hayfever. This respite afforded him the time to write an article that would mark the beginning of the history of modern quantum theory. Two years later, in October of 1927, the fifth Solvay Conference, arguably the most famous gathering in the history of physics, took place in Brussels, bringing the riveting story of the origins of quantum mechanics to a close. During this crucial and relatively short period between 1925 and 1927, eight physicists from five countries developed a theory that would radically change the physical understanding of our world and would become the basis for almost all advanced technologies: transistors, lasers, light-emitting diodes, medical imaging, the electron microscope and much more. The reader will travel through time from September 1924 to October 1927 and learn by way of monthly entries how quantum mechanics came into being, what the people involved experienced and thought in the context of the time they lived in, and how a unified whole slowly emerged from the interactions of these individuals. The book is aimed at laypeople who are fascinated by quantum mechanics and its history. They will learn that this theory, like Anita Berber, jazz or the invention of television, is a characteristic child of the 1920s.
Springer Series in Light Scattering
The book is aimed at description of recent progress in studies of light scattering in turbid media In particular, atmospheric optics and remote sensing research community will greatly benefit from the publication of this book.
Dismantling the Master's Clock
A radical new treatise on time, quantum physics, and racial justice from world-renowned artist and advocate Rasheedah Phillips of Black Quantum Futurism.Why do some processes--like aging, birth, and car crashes--occur in only one direction in time, when by the fundamental symmetry of the universe, we should experience time both forward and backward? Our dominant perception of time owes more to Western history and social order than to a fact of nature, argues writer Rasheedah Phillips, delving into Black and Afrodiasporic conceptions of time, where the past, present, and future interact in more numerous constellations.Phillips unfolds the history of time and its legacy of racial oppression, from colonial exploration and the plantation system to the establishment of Daylight Savings. Yet Black communities have long subverted space-time through such tools of resistance as Juneteenth, tenant organizing, ritual, and time travel. What could Black liberation look like if the past were as changeable as the future?Drawing on philosophy, archival research, quantum physics, and Phillips's own art practice and work on housing policy, Dismantling the Master's Clock expands the horizons of what can be imagined and, ultimately, achieved.
Quantum Mechanics
This book is intended to provide a self-contained introduction to the principles of Quantum Mechanics, based on the analysis of measurement processes of microscopic systems and the introduction of the physical observables as generators of symmetry transformations. After standard training arguments the applications are mainly focused on atomic and nuclear phenomena, as they occur on a quite different space-time scale. Thus, the text flows from the simplest systems, i.e. proton-electron in the hydrogen atom and proton-neutron in the Deuteron nucleus, to the complex many- body systems, i.e. stable states of atoms and nuclei of the periodic table, and finally to infinite many-body systems, including atomic and nuclear fluids. A digression is made on the application to astrophysical compact systems. The textbook is suitable for upper undergraduate students and graduate students in physics and related majors. Additional questions and answers via app: Download the Springer Nature Flashcards app free of charge and use exclusive additional material to test your knowledge.
Hybrid Communication Systems for Future 6G and Beyond
Comprehensive guide to hybrid communication systems using visible light communication, radio over fiber, and auto channel switching technologies Hybrid Communication Systems for Future 6G and Beyond explores the future of wireless communication and discusses how we can create more efficient and reliable ways to communicate by unlocking the potential of three specific technologies: visible light communication (VLC), radio over fiber (RoF) technology, and auto channel switching. This book begins by exploring the potential of VLC technology, which is currently considered the best alternative to wireless communication. It then moves on to describe how RoF technology can provide a powerful backhaul solution for VLC. Later chapters cover auto channel switching and how it can facilitate data traffic sharing between WiFi and LiFi technologies. Case studies of successful hybrid communication system implementations are included throughout the text to showcase real-world applications and aid in reader comprehension. Written by a highly qualified author with experience in both academia and industry, Hybrid Communication Systems for Future 6G and Beyond includes information on: The evolution, advantages, and disadvantages of hybrid systems, as well as their current limitations and potential solutions to these limitations RoF modulation techniques, including direct and external modulation, and RoF configuration, including intermediate frequency over fiber, baseband over fiber, and millimeter-wave signal generation RoF system level analysis, covering encoding formats, PIN and APD photodiodes, and various experiments and simulations Hybrid communication technology that incorporates wireless Wi-Fi and Visible Light Communication (VLC) such as Li-Fi, to support the upcoming 6G and beyond high-speed communication networks Hybrid Communication Systems for Future 6G and Beyond is an invaluable resource for students, researchers, and professionals in the fields of telecommunications and electronic networking who are interested in designing and implementing hybrid communication systems.
Optofluidics
Optofluidics. Process Analytical Technology offers in its 2nd edition a distinctive foundational introduction to the realms of materials, photonics, fluidics, and sensors. The work serves to unify the disparate disciplines, integrating the requisite fundamental knowledge with applied science. It thus establishes a new standard and definition for both the academic and industrial fields. It encompasses the requisite in-depth knowledge of smart materials, semiconductor processing, optical waveguiding and fluid dynamics. The objective of this distinctive publication is to present information in a readily comprehensible format that can be readily applied in everyday situations. It is truly interdisciplinary but not overloading with information, providing the highly required and relevant information to become an expert in this exciting area, which is gaining more and more relevance and recognition in the context of sensing, material science and automation in biotechnology and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The concept of the book is to serve as a textbook for advanced beginners from all life science, engineering and physics disciplines, providing self-assessment questions and further reading recommendations for further guidance and in-depth learning.
Introduction to Neutrino and Particle Physics
This textbook offers a clear and concise introduction to the main aspects of neutrino physics, providing the foundational knowledge necessary for research in both theoretical and experimental fields. It presents field theory concepts in a highly self-contained manner and explains the main experimental techniques and phenomenological aspects of neutrino and particle physics with clarity and scientific rigor. Specialized jargon and traditionally ambiguous concepts are carefully explained. The book's didactic style focuses on a selected number of key topics, enriched with numerous figures and examples. Significant recent advancements in theory and experiments are described within their physical context, avoiding technical details likely to become outdated soon. This book will be invaluable not only for students of particle physics but also as a concise reference for researchers in other fields seeking an up-to-date understanding of essential concepts in neutrino physics.
Lithium Niobate-Based Heterostructures
This book explores the fundamental principles of fabricating LiNbO₃-based heterostructures, delving into their properties and the electron phenomena that drive their effective application in a range of devices.
Nanosecond Pulse Techniques
No detailed description available for "Nanosecond Pulse Techniques".
Einstein's Entanglement
Einstein introduced quantum entanglement in 1935 and referred to it as "spooky actions at a distance" because it seemed to conflict with his theory of special relativity. Today, some refer to it as "the greatest mystery in physics" and the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics was even awarded for experimental confirmation of the "spookiness." While the mystery is experimentally well-established, its solution remains elusive because it is commonly believed that quantum entanglement entails that quantum mechanics is incomplete, that the world works according to "spooky actions at a distance," that causes from the future create effects in the present, that there is "superdeterministic" causal control of experimental procedures, that people can correctly disagree on the outcome of one and the same experiment, and that a single experimental measurement can produce all possible outcomes. In this book, a rigorous solution to the mystery of quantum entanglement is provided that entails none of those things. The key to this seemingly impossible feat is - to use Einstein's own language - a "principle" explanation that foregoes the need for any "constructive" explanation of quantum entanglement, such as those listed above. Ironically, the proposed principle explanation is Einstein's own relativity principle as grounded in quantum information theory. So contrary to popular belief, quantum mechanics and special relativity are far from inconsistent, as both are a consequence of the exact same relativity principle.
Quantum Tongues
Interested in how the world communicates at a fundamental level? Curious about how we can preserve the languages of the world through using methods discovered through the basic nature of the universe? Quantum Linguistics: Tongues of Convergence illustrates how we can use physical processes in order to address an increasingly pressing question; as the world becomes more monolithic, how can we preserve our unique languages? Through the usage of physical concepts such as audio synthesis, information theory, and quantum mechanics, award winning author Siena Avery Shah explains how the languages of the world and their impacts are recorded and preserved for future generations.
Einstein and the Quantum Revolutions
A Nobel laureate offers a brief lesson on physics' biggest mystery, accessibly explaining the two quantum revolutions that changed our understanding of reality. At the start of the twentieth century, the first quantum revolution upset our vision of the world. New physics offered surprising realities, such as wave-particle duality, and led to major inventions: the transistor, the laser, and today's computers. Less known is the second quantum revolution, arguably initiated in 1935 during a debate between giants Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr. This revolution is still unfolding. Its revolutionaries--including the author of this short accessible book, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Alain Aspect--explore the notion of entangled particles, able to interact at seemingly impossible distances. Aspect's research has helped to show how entanglement may both upend existing technologies, like cryptography, and usher in entirely new ones, like quantum computing. Explaining this physics of the future, this work tells a story of how philosophical debates can shape new realities.
Digital Transformations for Lighting in the Workplace
Digital Transformations for Lighting in the Workplace offers a practical concept for the implementation of digital transformation in ergonomics in work settings. It specifically focuses on providing information about illumination in production and non-production fields, and the described design solutions are applicable in practice.
Advanced Classical and Quantum Probability Theory with Quantum Field Theory Applications
This book is based on three undergraduate and postgraduate courses taught by the author on Matrix theory, Probability theory and Antenna theory. It contains solved problems and will be useful to undergraduate and postgraduate students of Electronics and Communications Engineering.
Numerical Recipes in Quantum Information Theory and Quantum Computing
This first of a kind textbook provides computational tools in Fortran 90 that are fundamental to quantum information, quantum computing, linear algebra and one dimensional spin half condensed matter systems.
Polarization Dynamics of Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers
This book provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on the science, technology, and applications of mode-locked fiber lasers generating pulse trains with the evolving state of polarization at time scales ranging from a few pulse widths to ten thousand laser cavity round-trip times.
Nuclear Structure Physics
Nuclear structure Physics connects to some of our fundamental questions about the creation of universe and its basic constituents. At the same time, precise knowledge on the subject has lead to develop many important tools of human kind such as proton therapy, radioactive dating etc. This book contains chapters on some of the crucial and trending research topics in nuclear structure, including the nuclei lying on the extremes of spin, isospin and mass. A better theoretical understanding of these topics is important beyond the confines of the nuclear structure community. Additionally, the book will showcase the applicability and success of the different nuclear effective interaction parameters near the drip line, where hints for level reordering have already been seen, and where one can test the isospin-dependence of the interaction. The book offers comprehensive coverage of the most essential topics, including: - Nuclear Structure of Nuclei at or Near Drip-Lines- Synthesis challenges and properties of Superheavy nuclei- Nuclear Structure and Nuclear models - Ab-initio calculations, cluster models, Shell-model/DSM, RMF, Skyrme- Shell Closure, Magicity and other novel features of nuclei at extremes- Structure of Toroidal, Bubble Nuclei, halo and other exotic nuclei These topics are not only very interesting from theoretical nuclear physics perspective but are also quite complimentary for ongoing nuclear physics experimental program worldwide. It is hoped that the book chapters written by experienced and well known researchers/experts will be helpful for the master students, graduate students and researchers and serve as a standard & uptodate research reference book on the topics covered.
Detection of Optical Signals
Detection of Optical Signals provides a comprehensive overview of important technologies for photon detection, from the X-ray through ultraviolet, visible, infrared to far-infrared spectral regions.
Visible Light Communication
The field of visible light communication (VLC) has diverse applications to the end user including streaming audio, video, high-speed data browsing, voice over internet and online gaming. This comprehensive textbook discusses fundamental aspects, research activities and modulation techniques in the field of VLC.Visible Light Communication: A Comprehensive Theory and Applications with MATLAB(R) discusses topics including line of sight (LOS) propagation model, non-line of sight (NLOS) propagation model, carrier less amplitude and phase modulation, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO), non-linearities of optical sources, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access, non-orthogonal multiple access and single-carrier frequency-division multiple access in depth. Primarily written for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the field of electronics and communication engineering for courses on optical wireless communication and VLC, this book: Provides up-to-date literature in the field of VLC Presents MATLAB codes and simulations to help readers understand simulations Discusses applications of VLC in enabling vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication Covers topics including radio frequency (RF) based wireless communications and VLC Presents modulation formats along with the derivations of probability of error expressions pertaining to different variants of optical OFDM
Pulsed Laser Processing of Materials
The processing and analyzing of materials by short laser pulses demonstrates a significant scientific, technological, and industrial potential that has been revealed largely over the last decade. This book presents seven chapters of literature reviews written by experts from the international scientific community. It covers recent advances in laser ablation technologies for producing Li-ion battery materials and components; pulsed laser deposition of ferroelectric materials; fundamentals of ultra-short pulse laser interaction with metals, semiconductors, or dielectrics; synthesis of nanoparticles in liquid of a variety of materials by laser ablation; processing of biological tissues and materials by ultrashort-pulse burst-mode laser; gemstone identification using laser-induced Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and photoluminescence lifetime analysis and machine learning for reliable quantitative elemental analysis of materials from LIBS spectral data.
