Impedance of Commercial Leclanche Dry Cells and Batteries; NBS Technical Note 190
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Nuclear Structure / by Leonard Eisenbud and Eugene P. Wigner
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The Pinpoint Planetarium
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Prolonged Space-wave Fadeouts in Tropospheric Propagation; NBS Technical Note 88
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Thermodynamic Properties of Ionized and Dissociated Air From 1500 [degrees] K to 15,000 [degrees] K
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Circular of the Bureau of Standards No. 431
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The Metric System of Weights and Measures [microform]
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Walnut Dehydraters
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Amplitude and Phase of the Low- and Very Low-radiofrequency Ground Wave; NBS Technical Note 60
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Weights and Measures Seventeenth Annual Conference; NBS Miscellaneous Publication 59
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Rapid Determination of the Order of Chemical Reactions From Time-ratio Tables; NBS Technical Note 62
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American Standard Building Code Requirements for Masonry; NBS Miscellaneous Publication 174
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History and Work of the Warner Observatory, Rochester, N.Y. 1883-1886. Vol. I
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Measurement of the Sun's Distance [microform]
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Mode Calculations for VLF Propagation in the Earth-ionosphere Waveguide; NBS Technical Note 114
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A Laboratory Manual of Physics,
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Spillway Design - Step by Step
Highlighting the relationship between spillway design and potential dam failure and other important aspects of these structures and presents the methodology of design based on the international experience. The book covers river basin studies and floods (the geology, geomorphology, hydrology, hydraulics, and layouts of the works).
Macroscopic Superconducting Phenomena
A number of macroscopic manifestations of superconducting phenomena (such as zero electrical resistance, the expulsion of magnetic fields and the Josephson effect) have resulted in a proliferation of applications in engineering and electronics. This book takes a practical, pedagogical approach to understanding the electromagnetic properties of superconducting materials. The reader is provided with a set of ready-to-use interactive tools to engage with topics such as vanishing resistivity, magnetic flux expulsion, flux pinning, critical currents, flux quantization and more. Aimed at high level undergraduate and graduate physicists and engineers, this book is ideal for early researchers studying macroscopic superconductivity.Key Features: A practical and interactive guide to newcomers in the field of superconductivityProvides an introductory approach to macroscopic superconducting phenomenaProvides interactive programs that use case studies to obtain realistic, quantitative results under different approximationsIncludes software that is straightforward for the reader to use and self-upgrade
Cyberphysical Smart Cities Infrastructures
Learn to deploy novel algorithms to improve and secure smart city infrastructure In Cyberphysical Smart Cities Infrastructures: Optimal Operation and Intelligent Decision Making, accomplished researchers Drs. M. Hadi Amini and Miadreza Shafie-Khah deliver a crucial exploration of new directions in the science and engineering of deploying novel and efficient computing algorithms to enhance the efficient operation of the networks and communication systems underlying smart city infrastructure. The book covers special issues on the deployment of these algorithms with an eye to helping readers improve the operation of smart cities. The editors present concise and accessible material from a collection of internationally renowned authors in areas as diverse as computer science, electrical engineering, operation research, civil engineering, and the social sciences. They also include discussions of the use of artificial intelligence to secure the operations of cyberphysical smart city infrastructure and provide several examples of the applications of novel theoretical algorithms. Readers will also enjoy: Thorough introductions to fundamental algorithms for computing and learning, large-scale optimizations, control theory for large-scale systems Explorations of machine learning and intelligent decision making in cyberphysical smart cities, including smart energy systems and intelligent transportation networks In-depth treatments of intelligent decision making in cyberphysical smart city infrastructure and optimization in networked smart cities Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students of electrical and computer engineering, computer science, civil engineering, telecommunications, information technology, and business, Cyberphysical Smart Cities Infrastructures is an indispensable reference for anyone seeking to solve real-world problems in smart cities.
The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time
Cosmology is in crisis. The more we discover, the more puzzling the universe appears to be. How and why are the laws of nature what they are? A philosopher and a physicist, world-renowned for their radical ideas in their fields, argue for a revolution. To keep cosmology scientific, we must replace the old view in which the universe is governed by immutable laws by a new one in which laws evolve. Then we can hope to explain them. The revolution that Roberto Mangabeira Unger and Lee Smolin propose relies on three central ideas. There is only one universe at a time. Time is real: everything in the structure and regularities of nature changes sooner or later. Mathematics, which has trouble with time, is not the oracle of nature and the prophet of science; it is simply a tool with great power and immense limitations. The argument is readily accessible to non-scientists as well as to the physicists and cosmologists whom it challenges.
Fundamentals of Convective Heat Transfer
The book is a unified document that captures the physical insight into convective heat transfer, thorough analytical and numerical treatments focusing on the latest developments in theory of convective energy and mass transport. It provides new material on boiling, including nuances of physical processes. 
Oxide-Based Materials and Structures
This book provides a review of the latest research and cutting-edge patents received in the field of oxide-based materials and structures.
Nuclear Matter Theory
"Authored by two of the most respected experts in this field, this book provides an up-to-date account of developments in nuclear matter theory and a critical comparison of the existing theoretical approaches in the field.
Mathematical Aspects of Modelling Oscillations and Wake Waves in Plasma
This book is devoted to research in the actual field of mathematical modeling in modern problems of plasma physics associated with vibrations and wake waves excited by a short high-power laser pulse.
Hadron Form Factors
This book introduces the phenomenology and theory of hadron form factors in a consistent manner, deriving step-by-step the key equations, defining the form factors from the matrix elements of hadronic transitions and deriving their symmetry relations. Explained are several general concepts of particle theory and phenomenology exemplified by hadron form factors. The main emphasis here is on learning the analytical methods in particle phenomenology. Many examples of hadronic processes involving form factors are considered, from the pion electromagnetic scattering to heavy B-meson decays. In the second part of the book, modern techniques of the form factor calculation, based on the method of sum rules in the theory of strong interactions, quantum chromodynamics, are introduced in an accessible manner.This book will be a useful guide for graduate students and early-career researchers working in the field of particle phenomenology and experiments.Features: - The first book to address the phenomenology of hadron form factors at a pedagogical level in one coherent volume- Contains up-to-date descriptions of the most important form factors of the electroweak transitions investigated in particle physics experiments
Neutrino Physics
This book provides a comprehensive examination of neutrinos, covering their research history and theory, as well as their applications in other fields. The new edition delves into new results on neutrino cross sections, solar neutrinos, neutrinos from supernovae, and high energy neutrinos, as well as new experimental results.
Energy and Sustainability IX
The world's economy is fuelled by energy. Depletion of resources and severe environmental effects resulting from the continuous use of fossil fuels has motivated an increasing amount of interest in renewable energy resources and the search for sustainable energy policies. This volume contains research papers presented at the 9th International conference on Energy and Sustainability.The changes required to progress from an economy mainly focussed on hydrocarbons to one taking advantage of sustainable renewable energy resources require considerable scientific research, as well as the development of new engineering systems. Energy policies and management are of primary importance to achieve the development of sustainability and need to be consistent with recent advances in energy production and distribution.In many cases, the challenges lie as much in the conversion from renewable energies (wind, solar, etc.) to useful forms (electricity, heat, fuel) at an acceptable cost including damage to the environment as in the integration of these resources into the existing infrastructure.The diverse topics covered by the papers in this book involve collaboration between different disciplines in order to arrive at optimum solutions, including studies of materials, energy networks, new energy resources, storage solutions, waste to energy systems, smart grids and many others.
Waves and Oscillations in Plasmas
This new edition has been fully updated to address the latest, central issues in modern plasma sciences, working from an introductory to advanced level.
Relaxation in Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Polymers
Explores the nature of relaxation phenomena in polymers on the basis of time-temperature equivalence. Its role in the physical and mechanical behavior of polymers materials and fundamentals of thermoplastics processing are discussed. Four appendixes detail thermo-mechanical methods.
The Atom
The Atom is a microscopic magnet of matter or the element or even of existence. When the Atom enters the vacuum of space from outside of space in the form of matter or element, the Atom is super-compressed by the vacuum of space and thus creating a microscopic big bang, all 118 of them! After the microscopic big bang the magnetic field of the atom becomes a negative field due to the electron which now has separated from the atom's center or nucleus and takes position on what used to be the magnetic field of the atom...Interestingly, even though the electron is speeding around the now electron field or ring, the electron also is composed of three main parts, but just as the atom is surrounded by a magnetic field or shield, the electron is also surrounded by an electron shield or shield or ring. Tags: Atom, microscopic, magnet, matter, element, big bang, magnetic field, electron, proton, neutron, electron ring...
Chemistry and Energy
This book focuses on the processes and materials behind energy technologies. The author details the underlying chemistry of renewable sources, such as biofuels and wind power, as well as the traditionally used coal and gas. Chapters on energy storage technologies and the connection between energy generation and climate change round off this uniquely concise overview of the relationship between chemistry and energy.
Graphene and VLSI Interconnects
Copper (Cu) has been used as an interconnection material in the semiconductor industry for years owing to its best balance of conductivity and performance. However, it is running out of steam as it is approaching its limits with respect to electrical performance and reliability. Graphene is a non-metal material, but it can help to improve electromigration (EM) performance of Cu because of its excellent properties. Combining graphene with Cu for very large-scale integration (VLSI) interconnects can be a viable solution. The incorporation of graphene into Cu allows the present Cu fabrication back-end process to remain unaltered, except for the small step of "inserting" graphene into Cu. Therefore, it has a great potential to revolutionize the VLSI integrated circuit (VLSI-IC) industry and appeal for further advancement of the semiconductor industry. This book is a compilation of comprehensive studies done on the properties of graphene and its synthesis methods suitable for applications of VLSI interconnects. It introduces the development of a new method to synthesize graphene, wherein it not only discusses the method to grow graphene over Cu but also allows the reader to know how to optimize graphene growth, using statistical design of experiments (DoE), on Cu interconnects in order to obtain good-quality and reliable interconnects. It provides a basic understanding of graphene-Cu interaction mechanism and evaluates the electrical and EM performance of graphenated Cu interconnects.
Accurate Structure Determination of Free Molecules
Introduction.- Computational methods.- Diatomic molecules.- Rotation of the polyatomic molecule.- The vibrations of polyatomic molecule.- Equilibrium structures from spectroscopy.- Molecular structures from gas-phase electron diffraction.- Models of chemical bonding and "empirical" methods.- Least-squares method.- Databases with information on molecular structure.
Leaving the Suburbs
In this adventure story, the author rides a bicycle back home nearly 3,300 miles in order to witness firsthand how the landscape slowly changes across the vast and diverse North American continent. It took two weeks to navigate across one continental watershed that had been entirely covered by a mile-thick ice sheet a mere 20,000 years ago. One massive glacier had lain right there on the path with, if you were paying attention, the telltale signs of the earthen scars, the piles of rock left behind, and the erratic boulder here and there. It then took 7,000 years for Earth's temperature to slowly rise 9 degrees while that ice sheet retreated to the North Pole. And it took us less than a generation to raise it another 2 degrees from the burning of mined fossil-lightning speed compared to geological time. This first person narrative briefly paints the climate story along the way - the past, present, and future - with over 60 references from scientific journals, news reports, interviews, films, videos, university data, and governmental agencies. It attempts to answer two of the most important questions of our time - What does the path forward look like and who will lead us out of the most daunting environmental challenge humanity has ever faced? Be surprised and enjoy the ride.
Dynamic Structures in an Open Cosmos
The restoration of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences served to reconcile science with faith. In other words, physics should be made subservient to faith. The spiritual shepherd nourishes his sheep using paradoxes. For example, the immaculate conception served for centuries. But this belief isn't time relevant anymore. Better is a beliefe based on mathematics. Modern physics is characterized by a number of paradoxes that can be traced back to the incorrect use of mathematical means of expression in a closed system. Now, out of concern for the common house, Pope Francis has released the connection to a closed theory with the groundbreaking sentence: "In this universe made up of open systems that communicate with one another, we can discover innumerable forms of relationship and participation." Now we are any more looking relativistically at the cosmos as a symmetric blown up ball. We are going back to a real view of an energy dissipative world.
Problems and Solutions on Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
This volume is a compilation of carefully selected questions at the PhD qualifying exam level, including many actual questions from Columbia University, University of Chicago, MIT, State University of New York at Buffalo, Princeton University, University of Wisconsin and the University of California at Berkeley over a twenty-year period. Topics covered in this book include the laws of thermodynamics, phase changes, Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics and kinetic theory of gases.This latest edition has been updated with more problems and solutions and the original problems have also been modernized, excluding outdated questions and emphasizing those that rely on calculations. The problems range from fundamental to advanced in a wide range of topics on thermodynamics and statistical physics, easily enhancing the student's knowledge through workable exercises. Simple-to-solve problems play a useful role as a first check of the student's level of knowledge whereas difficult problems will challenge the student's capacity on finding the solutions.
The Observation and Analysis of Stellar Photospheres
This textbook describes the equipment, observational techniques, and analysis used in the investigation of stellar photospheres. Now in its fourth edition, the text has been thoroughly updated and revised to be more accessible to students. New figures have been added to illustrate key concepts, while diagrams have been redrawn and refreshed throughout. The book starts by developing the tools of analysis, and then demonstrates how they can be applied. Topics covered include radiation transfer, models of stellar photospheres, spectroscopic equipment, how to observe stellar spectra, and techniques for measuring stellar temperatures, radii, surface gravities, chemical composition, velocity fields, and rotation rates. Up-to-date results for real stars are included. Written for starting graduate students or advanced undergraduates, this textbook also includes a wealth of reference material useful to researchers. eBook formats include color imagery while print formats are greyscale only; a wide selection of the color images are available online.
Problems and Solutions on Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
This volume is a compilation of carefully selected questions at the PhD qualifying exam level, including many actual questions from Columbia University, University of Chicago, MIT, State University of New York at Buffalo, Princeton University, University of Wisconsin and the University of California at Berkeley over a twenty-year period. Topics covered in this book include the laws of thermodynamics, phase changes, Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics and kinetic theory of gases.This latest edition has been updated with more problems and solutions and the original problems have also been modernized, excluding outdated questions and emphasizing those that rely on calculations. The problems range from fundamental to advanced in a wide range of topics on thermodynamics and statistical physics, easily enhancing the student's knowledge through workable exercises. Simple-to-solve problems play a useful role as a first check of the student's level of knowledge whereas difficult problems will challenge the student's capacity on finding the solutions.
The Beauty of Space Art
Long before humans wrote, we painted.From mud and ash to acrylic and computers, artists across the centuries have found countless inventive ways to explore and express some of life's biggest mysteries. Enter space art, a genre of artistic expression that strives to capture the wonders of our universe. This lavishly illustrated book chronicles the remarkable development of space art from a fledgling theme to a modern movement.In Part I, we traverse the history of art and astronomy from ancient times, through the Industrial Revolution, and into the 20th-century Space Age. Part II delves into the diverse techniques and subgenres of space art, where you will learn about things like rocks and balls, hardware art, and cosmic expressionism. Along the way, we'll stop at places where neither humans nor spacecraft can easily go, from the scorching surface of Venus and the radiation-soaked volcanoes of Io to the alien terrain of exoplanets and the depths of distant galaxies.Featuring hundreds of original color images from space artists and astronomers alike, this book is a vivid visual story about the power of art, astronomy, and human curiosity. A heavily revised edition of the original Beauty of Space, it will entertain, educate, and inspire anybody who yearns to make sense of the strange and surreal sights in our universe.
Sterling Test Prep College Physics Practice Questions
To achieve a high grade in college physics, you need to do well on your tests and final exam. This book helps you develop and apply knowledge to quickly choose the correct answers to questions typically tested in college physics courses. Solving targeted practice questions builds your understanding of fundamental concepts and is a more effective strategy than merely memorizing terms. This book has over 730 high-yield practice questions covering college physics topics. Physics instructors with years of teaching and applied physics experience prepared this practice material to build your knowledge and skills crucial for success in a college physics course. Our editorial team reviewed and systematized the content for targeted preparation. The detailed explanations describe why an answer is correct and - more important for your learning - why another attractive choice is wrong. They provide step-by-step solutions for quantitative questions and teach the scientific foundations and details of essential physics topics needed to answer conceptual questions. Read the explanations carefully to understand how they apply to the question and learn important principles and the relationships between them. With the practice material contained in this book, you will significantly improve your understanding, test scores, and your grade.
Behaviour of Energetic Coherent Structures in Turbulent Pipe Flow at High Reynolds Number
This thesis presents a new applied temporal-spatial analysis using time-resolved PIV measurements to investigate coherent structures' co-exist towards pipe axis in fully developed turbulent pipe flow at high Reynolds numbers. The new method facilitates the detection of coherent structures directly through the new streamwise fluctuating velocity field plots. The detection was done without involving the common usable Taylor hypothesis compared to the recognised spectral analysis. For streamwise (u) and wall-normal (v) velocity components, this methodology identifies the shear layer signature created by the encounters of bursting events caused due to the intensive presence of coherent structures and their interaction in the near-wall region. Nevertheless, spectra and co-spectra, as well as proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analyses, are also applied in this study to identify the contribution of both large (LSMs) and very-large-scale motions (VLSMs) to turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds shear stress. The spectral analysis utilises high-speed PIV measurements to revisit other earlier studies done via a single hot-wire anemometer. In the present study, hot-wire measurements were conducted at a very high Reynolds number range exceeding one million equivalent to Re_tau= 19 000 with high spatial resolution. The obtained results indicate the dominance of VLSMs in the logarithmic and outer layers. However, the outputs are deduced from their higher contribution to total energy production in streamwise and wall-normal directions at high Reynolds numbers. Furthermore, new observation explored from the temporal-spatial plots stated that VLSMs could be created from the alignment of LSMs.
Analyzing Power Measurement for p + 3He Elastic Scattering at Intermediate Energies
Introduction.- Polarized 3He Target.- 3He Polarimetry.- Measurement of the Absolute 3He Polarization at RANS.- Measurement of 3He Analyzing Power.- Discussion.- Summary and Conclusion.
Achilles' Shield Decoded
Troy, the Trojan War and the meandering route of Odysseus were never found in the ancient Greek world. There is a lot of speculation, but no evidence. Where is Troy? Is it all Homer's imagination? No, it is elsewhere. A new viewpoint arose when interpreting the forging of the new shield of Achilles (Iliad) by using several metals and its decoration with pictures of the earth, the sky dome and Oceanus. Why such a decorated weapon? Thinking about this lead to a surprising breakthrough: the forging of the new shield might have a special meaning: no nice but useless decorations, but crucial information. This decoding of Achilles' shield shed new light on famous elements in Homer's poems, such as a new motive for the Trojan War and forgotten Bronze Age knowledge for celestial navigation on Oceanus by Odysseus. This ultimately leads to the discovery of Troy, Ithaca, the battlefield of the Trojan War and Oceanus in a complete different part of the world.
We and the Universe
From the beginning, astronomy has appeared to unravel the secrets of nature, the oldest and the most beautiful of all sciences. I present in this book the history of evolving astronomy, from the researchers of their lives to transforming human thought. Explanations on the stars, planets, comets and most on the celestial bodies, also on the beginning and the end of our Universe. There is also a glossary to explain terms that are not known to laypeople for easy reading. To the delight of all who love legends, I also present the mythological history of the constellations. I hope you enjoy this work as much as I enjoyed writing it.
Reality Without Realism
This book presents quantum theory as a theory based on new relationships among matter, thought, and experimental technology, as against those previously found in physics, relationships that also redefine those between mathematics and physics in quantum theory. The argument of the book is based on its title concept, reality without realism (RWR), and in the corresponding view, the RWR view, of quantum theory. The book considers, from this perspective, the thinking of Bohr, Heisenberg, Schr繹dinger, and Dirac, with the aim of bringing together the philosophy and history of quantum theory. With quantum theory, the book argues, the architecture of thought in theoretical physics was radically changed by the irreducible role of experimental technology in the constitution of physical phenomena, accordingly, no longer defined independently by matter alone, as they were in classical physics or relativity. Or so it appeared. For, quantum theory, the book further argues, made us realize that experimental technology, beginning with that of our bodies, irreducibly shapes all physical phenomena, and thus makes us rethink the relationships among matter, thought, and technology in all of physics.
The Papers of Independent Authors, volume 52
"The Papers of Independent Authors" is a multidisciplinary scientific and technical printed journal in Russian and English.
Now Hear This
Introduction.- Just Listening.- Pythagoras' Hammers.- Sound Science.- The Sound of Distant Trumpets.- In Search of Echoes.- Making Noise.