Life and Death Rays
This unique book provides an accessible introduction to both the scientific background and the key people involved in the discovery and use of radiation and radioactivity.
Descriptive Archaeoastronomy and Ancient Indian Chronology
This book presents the basic fundamentals of descriptive archaeoastronomy and its application to the astronomical descriptions found in ancient Indian scriptures. Archaeoastronomy is a branch of positional astronomy that helps to determine the epochs of ancient astronomical alignments and special astronomical events. In this book, only the descriptions of special stellar alignments and events found in ancient texts can identify the antiquity of the descriptions. India possesses a large volume of ancient scriptures like Vedas and Puranas which contain many astronomical descriptions as in ancient India positional astronomy was well developed. The antiquities of these texts are determined through archaeoastronomical techniques. Major events like Mahabharata War are dated and using these dates a chronology of ancient India is determined. The astronomically determined chronology is compared with the results from various archaeological, palaeoclimatological, geological and genealogical investigations of ancient India. This introductory book interests readers interested in unveiling the mystery involved with the protohistory of this ancient civilization.
How Space Works
Embark on an awe-inspiring and informative journey through our Solar System and beyond in this illuminating astronomy book! Discover how big the Universe is, why our view of the sky is constantly changing, what came before the Big Bang, and so much more in 3... 2... 1.... Blast Off! Inside the pages of this comprehensive guide to astronomy for beginners, you'll discover: - Simple text and step-by-step graphics that make astronomy easy to understand - Fun facts and tip-of-the-tongue questions are presented through bite-sized factoids and question-and-answer features - Clear explanations demystifying more advanced topics such as cosmic rays, dark matter, and black hole collisions Take a peek at what lies beyond the stratosphere This out-of-this-world reference book about space introduces you to the weird and wonderful discipline of astronomy and space exploration. From the structure of the Milky Way to the Earth's nearest celestial body, the Moon, How Space Works takes you on an unforgettable tour through the stars and galaxies, and to the furthest reaches of space! Answering all your burning questions about space, from ancient white dwarf stars to the Mars Rover, this visual guide explains the essentials of astronomy through bold graphics and step-by-step artworks. It's the ultimate book for armchair astronomers and space-technology enthusiasts looking for reliable and up-to-date facts and explanations.Don't let the learning stop - try the rest of the series! DK's How Things Work series uses dynamic graphics and jargon-free text to explain the modern world simply and clearly. Packed with fascinating facts and stats, these visual guides cover everything from science to philosophy, making complex topics more accessible than ever before!
Rundgang durch die Physik
Physik hei?t, zu erkennen, was diese Welt im Innersten zusammenh瓣lt. Das Unfassbare scheint damit logisch, berechenbar und einen Sinn zu ergeben. Doch schlie?en wissenschaftliche Grundgesetze h繹here und unergr羹ndliche M瓣chte nicht aus... im Gegenteil. Auch das lehrt die Physik und ist die Kernaussage dieses Buches. Alle Weltmodelle und Glaubensrichtungen vereinigen sich darin und somit werden n羹chterne Formeln zu einer unersch繹pflichen Quelle der Inspiration und Offenbarung.
Time
Time The phenomenon of "time" has been discussed quite extensively in this book and finally we have come to the core of all life. When we eliminate time, distance and human thought, it opens up many worlds, but it also releases energies that many of us have never experienced, felt or seen before. This is a book full of surprises because it deals with a subject that many people will not understand. I do hope, however, that one day people will have a different view and that the new world, which is always seen in a negative light, will also be revealed to them. The world of energy where everything is possible in the "now", without restrictions, without hatred and envy, and with no mean thinking or competition. It is time for us to use our common sense, called feeling and then together with the greater whole, we have a chance to create a beautiful world. We are the ones who create the world as it is now and we are the ones chasing lies and allowing our energy to be used/abused for evil. Just see around you, feel, look and touch the world as it really is. John
Coanda Effect
Coanda effect is a complex fluid flow phenomenon enabling the production of vertical take-off/landing in aircraft and the same has been explained in this book. It includes description of the effect, history, general formulation of governing equations, its lift boosting potential on a winged and non-winged vehicles including industrial applications.
A Mathematical Journey Through Differential Equations of PhysicsAMathematical Journey Through Differential Equations of Physics
Mathematics is the language of physics, and over time physicists have developed their own dialect. The main purpose of this book is to bridge this language barrier, and introduce the readers to the beauty of mathematical physics. It shows how to combine the strengths of both approaches: physicists often arrive at interesting conjectures based on good intuition, which can serve as the starting point of interesting mathematics. Conversely, mathematicians can more easily see commonalities between very different fields (such as quantum mechanics and electromagnetism), and employ more advanced tools.Rather than focusing on a particular topic, the book showcases conceptual and mathematical commonalities across different physical theories. It translates physical problems to concrete mathematical questions, shows how to answer them and explains how to interpret the answers physically. For example, if two Hamiltonians are close, why are their dynamics similar?The book alternates between mathematics- and physics-centric chapters, and includes plenty of concrete examples from physics as well as 76 exercises with solutions. It exploits that readers from either end are familiar with some of the material already. The mathematics-centric chapters provide the necessary background to make physical concepts mathematically precise and establish basic facts. And each physics-centric chapter introduces physical theories in a way that is more friendly to mathematicians.As the book progresses, advanced material is sprinkled in to showcase how mathematics and physics augment one another. Some of these examples are based on recent publications and include material which has not been covered in other textbooks. This is to keep it interesting for the readers.
Quantum Atom Optics
The rapid development of quantum technologies has driven a revolution in related research areas such as quantum computation and communication, and quantum materials. The first prototypes of functional quantum devices are beginning to appear, frequently created using ensembles of atoms, which allow the observation of sensitive, quantum effects, and have important applications in quantum simulation and matter wave interferometry. This modern text offers a self-contained introduction to the fundamentals of quantum atom optics and atomic many-body matter wave systems. Assuming a familiarity with undergraduate quantum mechanics, this book will be accessible for graduate students and early career researchers moving into this important new field. A detailed description of the underlying theory of quantum atom optics is given, before development of the key, quantum, technological applications, such as atom interferometry, quantum simulation, quantum metrology, and quantum computing.
Robust Control Engineering
This book thoroughly covers the fundamentals of the QFT robust control, as well as practical control solutions, for unstable, time-delay, non-minimum phase or distributed parameter systems, plants with large model uncertainty, high-performance specifications, nonlinear components, multi-input multi-output characteristics or asymmetric topologies. The reader will discover practical applications through a collection of fifty successful, real world case studies and projects, in which the author has been involved during the last twenty-five years, including commercial wind turbines, wastewater treatment plants, power systems, satellites with flexible appendages, spacecraft, large radio telescopes, and industrial manufacturing systems. Furthermore, the book presents problems and projects with the popular QFT Control Toolbox (QFTCT) for MATLAB, which was developed by the author.
New Phenomena and New States of Matter in the Universe: From Quarks to Cosmos
Recent discoveries in astronomy and relativistic astrophysics as well as experiments on particle and nuclear physics have blurred the traditional boundaries of physics. It is believed that at the birth of the Universe, a whirlwind of matter and antimatter, of quarks and exotic leptons, briefly appeared and merged into a sea of energy. The new phenomena and new states of matter in the Universe revealed the deep connection between quarks and the Cosmos. Motivated by these themes, this book discusses different topics: gravitational waves, dark matter, dark energy, exotic contents of compact stars, high-energy and gamma-ray astrophysics, heavy ion collisions and the formation of the quark-gluon plasma in the early Universe. The book presents some of the latest researches on these fascinating themes and is useful for experts and students in the field.
A Mathematical Journey Through Differential Equations of PhysicsAMathematical Journey Through Differential Equations of Physics
Mathematics is the language of physics, and over time physicists have developed their own dialect. The main purpose of this book is to bridge this language barrier, and introduce the readers to the beauty of mathematical physics. It shows how to combine the strengths of both approaches: physicists often arrive at interesting conjectures based on good intuition, which can serve as the starting point of interesting mathematics. Conversely, mathematicians can more easily see commonalities between very different fields (such as quantum mechanics and electromagnetism), and employ more advanced tools.Rather than focusing on a particular topic, the book showcases conceptual and mathematical commonalities across different physical theories. It translates physical problems to concrete mathematical questions, shows how to answer them and explains how to interpret the answers physically. For example, if two Hamiltonians are close, why are their dynamics similar?The book alternates between mathematics- and physics-centric chapters, and includes plenty of concrete examples from physics as well as 76 exercises with solutions. It exploits that readers from either end are familiar with some of the material already. The mathematics-centric chapters provide the necessary background to make physical concepts mathematically precise and establish basic facts. And each physics-centric chapter introduces physical theories in a way that is more friendly to mathematicians.As the book progresses, advanced material is sprinkled in to showcase how mathematics and physics augment one another. Some of these examples are based on recent publications and include material which has not been covered in other textbooks. This is to keep it interesting for the readers.
Galaxy Evolution and Feedback Across Different Environments (Iau S359)
The goal of IAU Symposium 359 on 'Galaxy Evolution and Feedback across Different Environments' (GALFEED) was to bring together the active galactic nuclei (AGN) and galaxy evolution scientific communities. The AGN phase occurs in most galaxies and critically influences their evolution, so it is important to study the two processes together and for researchers, in both topics, to learn from one another. They ask key questions such as: How do galaxies acquire their gas and how efficiently is it transformed into stars? How is the supermassive black hole in a galaxy center fuelled to become an AGN? What is the main physical mechanism that quenches star formation? How powerful are the stellar and AGN feedback processes in regulating galaxy evolution? And what is the role of the environment on galaxy evolution and AGN triggering? Astronomers engage in these discussions spanning from early galaxies to the present day.
Networked Microgrids
Discover scalable, dependable, and intelligent solutions to the challenges of integrating complex networked microgrids with this definitive guide to the development of cutting-edge power and data systems. Includes advanced fault management control and optimization to enable enhanced microgrid penetration without compromising reliability. Features SDN-based architectures and techniques to enable secure, reliable and fault-tolerant algorithms for resilient networked systems. Provides reachability techniques to facilitate a deeper understanding of microgrid resilience in areas with high penetration of renewables. Combining resilient control, fast programmable networking, reachability analysis, and cyber-physical security, this is essential reading for researchers, professional engineers, and graduate students interested in creating the next generation of data-intensive self-configurable networked microgrid systems, smart communities, and smart infrastructure.
Albert Einstein’s Unified Field Theory (International English / 2021 Update)
his book reveals the secret behind Einstein's final great theory. And with this secret, the book will give an insight into how we can explain the greatest mysteries of the universe using electromagnetism as the fundamental law of the universe with radiation, or light in its most general sense, being the unified field.How do we explain the mystery of gravity and universal gravitation, the famous double-slit experiment in quantum theory, the size and age of the universe, the secret to immortality, the link between light and God, how the nucleus of an atom is held together, and the mysterious dark matter and dark energy, just to name a few?This book explains Einstein's final contribution to science in a way that everyone can understand.
Albert Einstein’s Unified Field Theory (U.S. English / 2021 Edition)
This book reveals the secret behind Einstein's final great theory. And with this secret, the book will give an insight into how we can explain the greatest mysteries of the universe using electromagnetism as the fundamental law of the universe with radiation, or light in its most general sense, being the unified field.How do we explain the mystery of gravity and universal gravitation, the famous double-slit experiment in quantum theory, the size and age of the universe, the secret to immortality, the link between light and God, how the nucleus of an atom is held together, and the mysterious dark matter and dark energy, just to name a few?This book explains Einstein's final contribution to science in a way that everyone can understand.
Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Conversion Systems
In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.
Optimization of Biodiesel and Biofuel Process
Although the compression ignition (C.I.) engine, invented by Rudolf Diesel, was originally intended to work with pure vegetable oils as fuel, more than a century ago, it was adapted to be used with a fuel of fossil origin, obtained from oil. Therefore, there would be no technical difficulties in returning to the primitive design of using biofuels of renewable origin, such as vegetable oils. The main drawback is found in the one billion C.I. engines which are currently in use, which would have to undergo a modification in the injection system in order to adapt them to the higher viscosity of vegetable oils in comparison to that of fossil fuels. Thus, the gradual incorporation of biofuels as substitutes of fossil fuels is mandatory.
Micro- And Nanofabrication for Beginners
In this book, the fundamentals of micro- and nanofabrication are described on the basis of the concept of "using gases as a fabrication tool." Unlike other books available on the subject, this volume assumes only entry-level mathematics, physics, and chemistry of undergraduates or high-school students in science and engineering courses. Necessary theories are plainly explained to help the reader learn about this new attractive field and enable further reading of specialized books. The book is an attractive guide for students, young engineers, and anyone getting involved in micro- and nanofabrication from various fields including physics, electronics, chemistry, and materials sciences.
Progress in Ultrafast Intense Laser Science XV
This book covers a diverse cross section of this interdisciplinary research field, with contributions grouped into four categories: laser-induced filamentation; atoms and molecules in a laser field; interaction of solid materials with a coherent light field; and ion acceleration and ionization of atoms in super intense laser fields.This book series presents up-to-date reviews of advances in this interdisciplinary research field, spanning atomic and molecular physics, as well as molecular and optical science, which have been stimulated by the recent developments in ultrafast laser technologies. Each book compiles peer-reviewed articles by researchers at the forefront of their particular subfields. All the chapters include an overview to allow graduate students and researchers unfamiliar with the subfield to grasp the importance and attractions of the topic covered, followed by reports of cutting-edge discoveries.
Black Holes, Cosmology and Extra Dimensions (Second Edition)
Assuming basic knowledge of special and general relativity, this book guides the reader to problems under consideration in modern research, concerning black holes, wormholes, cosmology, and extra dimensions. Its first part is devoted to local strong field configurations (black holes and wormholes) in general relativity and its most relevant extensions: scalar-tensor, f(R), and multidimensional theories. The second part discusses cosmology, including inflation and problems of a unified description of the whole evolution of the universe. The third part concerns multidimensional theories of gravity and contains a number of original results obtained by the authors. Expository work is conducted for a mechanism of symmetries and fundamental constants formation. The original approach to nonlinear multidimensional gravity that is able to construct a unique perspective describing different phenomena is highlighted.Much of the content was previously presented only in journal publications and is new for book contents, e.g., on regular black holes, various scalar field solutions, wormholes and their stability, inflation, clusters of primordial black holes, and multidimensional gravity. The last two topics are added in this new edition of the book. The other chapters are also updated to include new discoveries like the detection of gravitational waves.
Heat and Mass Transfer
Introduction.- One Dimensional Steady State Heat Conduction.- Extended Surfaces (Fins).- Conduction with Heat Generation.- Steady-State Two Dimensional Heat Conduction.- Unsteady or Transient Heat Conduction.- Convective Heat Transfer.- Empirical Relations for Forced Convection Heat Transfer.- Empirical Relations for Natural or Free Convection.- Laws of Thermal Radiation.- Exchange of Thermal Radiation between Surfaces Separated by Transparent Medium.- Heat Transfer in Absorbing and Emitting Media (Gaseous Radiation).- Heat Transfer in Condensing Vapours and Boiling Liquids.- Heat Exchangers.- Mass Transfer.- Special Topic: Performance of Solar Air Heater.^
The Moon
Julius Schmidt was one of the finest astronomical observers of his time, and his detailed map of the Moon surpassed anything that had come before. Today, the German astronomer and geophysicist has remained a largely neglected figure, despite being one of the most important players in the history of lunar studies. This book at last makes accessible Schmidt's highly regarded German work, Der Mond. Considered an astronomical classic of the nineteenth century, Der Mond remained without a proper English counterpart for the last century and a half, until now. The author's faithful English translation provides readers with much-needed access into Schmidt's original publication, with the aim of showing the community just how vital his work and legacy have been in the international field of selenography.
Strategies of Sustainable Development in China’s Wind Power Industry
Energy Utilization and Global Economic and Social Development.- Overview of Wind Power.- Vision of China's Wind Power Industry.- Roadmap for Sustainable Development of China's Wind Power Industry.- Policy and Measure for sustainable development of Wind Power.- Innovations for Sustainable development of Wind Power.
A Practical Guide to Surface Metrology
This book offers a genuinely practical introduction to the most commonly encountered optical and non-optical systems used for the metrology and characterization of surfaces, including guidance on best practice, calibration, advantages and disadvantages, and interpretation of results. It enables the user to select the best approach in a given context. Most methods in surface metrology are based upon the interaction of light or electromagnetic radiation (UV, NIR, IR), and different optical effects are utilized to get a certain optical response from the surface; some of them record only the intensity reflected or scattered by the surface, others use interference of EM waves to obtain a characteristic response from the surface. The book covers techniques ranging from microscopy (including confocal, SNOM and digital holographic microscopy) through interferometry (including white light, multi-wavelength, grazing incidence and shearing) to spectral reflectometry andellipsometry. The non-optical methods comprise tactile methods (stylus tip, AFM) as well as capacitive and inductive methods (capacitive sensors, eddy current sensors).The book provides: Overview of the working principlesDescription of advantages and disadvantagesCurrently achievable numbers for resolutions, repeatability, and reproducibilityExamples of real-world applications A final chapter discusses examples where the combination of different surface metrology techniques in a multi-sensor system can reasonably contribute to a better understanding of surface properties as well as a faster characterization of surfaces in industrial applications. The book is aimed at scientists and engineers who use such methods for the measurement and characterization ofsurfaces across a wide range of fields and industries, including electronics, energy, automotive and medical engineering.
Computer Meets Theoretical Physics
This book provides a vivid account of the early history of molecular simulation, a new frontier for our understanding of matter that was opened when the demands of theoretical physicists were met by the availability of the modern computers. Since their inception, electronic computers have enormously increased their performance, thus making possible the unprecedented technological revolution that characterizes our present times. This obvious technological advancement has brought with it a silent scientific revolution in the practice of theoretical physics. In particular, in the physics of matter it has opened up a direct route from the microscopic physical laws to observable phenomena. One can now study the time evolution of systems composed of millions of molecules, and simulate the behaviour of macroscopic materials and actually predict their properties. Molecular simulation has provided a new theoretical and conceptual tool that physicists could only dream of whenthe foundations of statistical mechanics were laid. Molecular simulation has undergone impressive development, both in the size of the scientific community involved and in the range and scope of its applications. It has become the ubiquitous workhorse for investigating the nature of complex condensed matter systems in physics, chemistry, materials and the life sciences. Yet these developments remain largely unknown outside the inner circles of practitioners, and they have so far never been described for a wider public. The main objective of this book is therefore to offer a reasonably comprehensive reconstruction of the early history of molecular simulation addressed to an audience of both scientists and interested non-scientists, describing the scientific and personal trajectories of the main protagonists and discussing the deep conceptual innovations that their work produced.
Earthquake-Induced Structural Pounding
Introduction.- Modelling of Structural Pounding.- Pounding between Buildings.- Pounding between Bridge Segments.- Mitigation of Pounding Effects.- Design of Structures Prone to Pounding.
Fundamentals of Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics
This book offers an overview of the fundamental dynamical processes, which are necessary to understand astrophysical phenomena, from the viewpoint of hydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, and radiation hydrodynamics.The book consists of three parts: The first discusses the fundamentals of hydrodynamics necessary to understand the dynamics of astrophysical objects such as stars, interstellar gases and accretion disks. The second part reviews the interactions between gases and magnetic fields on fluid motions - the magnetohydrodynamics - highlighting the important role of magnetic fields in dynamical phenomena under astrophysical environments. The third part focuses on radiation hydrodynamics, introducing the hydrodynamic phenomena characterized by the coupling of radiation and gas motions and further on relativistic radiation hydrodynamics.Intended as a pedagogical introduction for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, it also provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals of astrophysical fluid dynamics, making it an effective resource not only for graduate courses, but also for beginners wanting to learn about hydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, and radiation hydrodynamics in astrophysics independently.
Theoretical Fluid Dynamics
This textbook gives an introduction to fluid dynamics based on flows for which analytical solutions exist, like individual vortices, vortex streets, vortex sheets, accretions disks, wakes, jets, cavities, shallow water waves, bores, tides, linear and non-linear free-surface waves, capillary waves, internal gravity waves and shocks. Advanced mathematical techniques ("calculus") are introduced and applied to obtain these solutions, mostly from complex function theory (Schwarz-Christoffel theorem and Wiener-Hopf technique), exterior calculus, singularity theory, asymptotic analysis, the theory of linear and nonlinear integral equations and the theory of characteristics.Many of the derivations, so far contained only in research journals, are made available here to a wider public.
Introduction to Solid State Physics for Materials Engineers
Einf羹hrung in die Festk繹rperphysik f羹r Studenten der Werkstofftechnik, Materialwissenschaften und verwandter technischer Fachrichtungen. Dieses zug瓣ngliche Lehrbuch ist ausreichend detailliert, ohne dabei zu theorielastig zu sein, und stellt die Verbindung zu heutigen Technologien her.
Flow Control Through Bio-Inspired Leading-Edge Tubercles
This book describes and explains the basis of bio-inspired, leading-edge tubercles based on humpback whale flippers as passive but effective flow control devices, as well as providing a comprehensive practical guide in their applications. It first discusses the morphology of the humpback whale flipper from a biological perspective, before presenting detailed experimental and numerical findings from past investigations by various experts on the benefits of leading-edge tubercles and their engineering implementations.Leading-edge tubercle designs and functions have attracted considerable interest from researchers in terms of understanding their role in the underwater agility of these whales, and to exploit their flow dynamics in the development of new and novel engineering solutions. Extensive research over the past recent years has demonstrated that the maneuverability of these whales is at least in part due to the leading-edge tubercles acting as passive flow control devices to delay stall and increase lift in the post-stall regime. In addition to the inherent benefits in terms of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, investigations into leading-edge tubercles have also broadened into areas of noise attenuation, stability and industrial applications.This book touches upon these areas, with an emphasis upon the effects of lifting-surface types, flow regimes, tubercle geometries, lifting-surface stability and potential industrial applications, among others. As such, it features contributions from key experts in the fields of biology, physics and engineering who have conducted significant studies into understanding the various aspects of leading-edge tubercles. Given the broad coverage and in-depth analysis, this book will benefit academic researchers, practicing engineers and graduate students interested in tapping into such a unique but highly functional flow control strategy.
The Sustainability of Renewable Energy in Europe
This book demonstrates that the much-needed global shift in energy production and use must happen at a territorial level in order to be truly successful and sustainable. This book enables regional implementation efforts by connecting broad EU environmental policies with plans for action at the territorial level, analysing efficient resource allocation and cost effectiveness to achieve national objectives. Each EU Member State is considered in depth, in order to identify the opportunities and challenges of this regional approach. The regional dimension of the authors' analysis refers to the territorial level NUTS 1 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) that, starting from the administrative borders of the EU countries, divides the territory into 97 regions on the basis of major socio-economic characteristics. Because the model of the EU "green economy" is characterized typically by top-down interventions that focus exclusively on the resource productivity and investment business, its practical implementation can be de-railed. This book provides the pivotal missing piece- the detailed territorial comparative analysis necessary to obtain an optimal energy mix of renewable energy sources (RES), energy conservation and energy efficiency characteristics of each specific local context.
Steam Microturbines in Distributed Cogeneration
Distributed cogeneration. Civic power engineering. New ideas.- Introduction to microturbines vibration analysis.- Unconventional bearings.- Modelling and analysis of vibrations of microturbines.- Measurements of vibrations of microturbine elements.
IC-Bct 2019
1. Preserving Location Privacy Using Blockchain.- 2. Decentralised Ecosystem for Journalism based on Blockchain.- 3. NEWSTRADCOIN: A Blockchain Based Privacy Preserving Secure NEWS Trading Network.- 4. Food Traceability System Using Blockchain and QR Code.- 5. Health Care Privacy Approach using Blockchain Technology.- 6. Supply Chain Management in E-Commerce using Block Chain.- Electronic Polling Agent Using Blockchain: A New Approach.- 8. Issuing and Verifying University Certificates on Blockchain
Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery Applications
Surfactants.- Surfactants in Petroleum Industry.- Surfactants as Foaming Agents.- Surfactants as Emulsification Agents for IFT Reduction.- CO2 Philic Surfactants and Switchable Amine-based Surfactants for Foam Applications.- Modeling of Surfactant Flooding in Porous Medium.- Challenges and Future Trends in Surfactant EOR.
Measurements of the X C and X B Quarkonium States in Pp Collisions with the Atlas Experiment
This thesis, which won one of the six 2015 ATLAS Thesis Awards, concerns the study of the charmonium and bottomonium bound heavy quark bound states. The first section of the thesis describes the observation of a candidate for the chi_b(3P) bottomonium states. This represented the first observation of a new particle at the LHC and its existence was subsequently confirmed by D0 and LHCb experiments. The second part of the thesis presents measurements of the prompt and non-prompt production of the chi_c1 and chi_c2 charmonium states in proton-proton collisions. These measurements are compared to several theoretical predictions and can be used to inform the development of theoretical models of quarkonium production.
It from Bit or Bit from It?
The essays in this book look at the question of whether physics can be based on information, or - as John Wheeler phrased it - whether we can get "It from Bit". They are based on the prize-winning essays submitted to the FQXi essay competition of the same name, which drew over 180 entries.The eighteen contributions address topics as diverse as quantum foundations, entropy conservation, nonlinear logic and countable spacetime. Together they provide stimulating reading for all physics aficionados interested in the possible role(s) of information in the laws of nature.The Foundational Questions Institute, FQXi, catalyzes, supports, and disseminates research on questions at the foundations of physics and cosmology, particularly new frontiers and innovative ideas integral to a deep understanding of reality, but unlikely to be supported by conventional funding sources.
Dune Worlds
This book describes how sand dunes work, why they are the way they are in different settings, and how they are being studied. Particular attention is paid to their formation and appearance elsewhere in the solar system. New developments in knowledge about dunes make for an interesting story - like the dunes themselves, dune science is dynamic - and the visual appeal of Aeolian geomorphology ensures that this is an attractive volume. The book is divided into 4 parts, the first of which introduces dunes as a planetary phenomenon, showing a landscape reflecting the balance of geological processes - volcanism, impact, tectonics, erosion, deposition of sediments. Dunes are then considered as emergent dynamical systems: the interaction of sand and wind conspires to generate very characteristic and reproducible shapes. Analogies are given with other emergent structures such as patterned ground before the influence of dunes on desert peoples and infrastructure is studied, together with their use as forensic climatological indicators.Dune Physics is looked at with regard to the mechanics of sand, the physics of wind, saltation - interaction of sand and air - dunes versus ripples and transverse Aeolian ridges, the classification of dune morphology and the sources and sinks of sand. Dune Trafficability considers soil mechanics, effects on mobility on Earth, Mars and elsewhere.In the second part, Earth, Mars, Titan and other moons and planets are examined, beginning with a survey of the major deserts and dunefields on Earth. The authors then turn to Mars and its environment, sediment type, dune stratigraphy, sediment source and sinks and the association of dunes with topographic features. Titan follows - its thick, cold atmosphere, methane dampness, low gravity, morphology - interaction with topography and the implications of dunes for climate and winds. Dunes elsewhere conclude this part. There are few dunefields on Venus, but there is a .possibility ofAeolian transport on Triton and volcanic-related windstreaks on Io.
Neutrino Astrophysics with the Antares Telescope
Introduction.- The ANTARES Detector.- Simulation of the ANTARES Detector Work.- Event Reconstruction and Data Selection.- Fermi Bubbles Analysis.- Conclusions.
Quantum Enhancement of a 4 Km Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Detector
Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Introduction.- Gravitational Waves and the Quest for their Direct Detection.- Quantum Optics and Light.- Quantum Noise in Gravitational -Wave Detectors and Applied Squeezed States.- Squeezed State Generation for Gravitational-wave Detection.- The Doubly Resonant, Travelling- Wave Squeezed Light Source.- Backscatter Tolerance of a travelling-wave Optical Parametric Oscillator.- Overview of the LIGO Squeezed Light Injection Experiment.- Squeezing-enhancement of a 4km LIGO gravitational-wave detector.- Backscattered-light Impact in a Squeezing-enhanced Gravitational-Wave Detector.- Results Summary, Recommendations and Future Work.- Quantum noise and squeezing in Dual-recycled Michelson Interferometers.- Initial analysis and repair of the Enhanced LIGO H1 Output Mode Cleaner.- Supplementary Information for the Backscatter-light Experiments at LIGO.
Spectral Evolution in Blazars
Introduction.- Theory.- Light curve analysis.- VLBI kinematic analysis.- Core-shift and spectral analysis.- eRHD Simulations.- The jet in CTA 102. A global perspective.- Appendices.
Structure and Reactivity of Coal
Geological Characteristics of coal.- Physical Characteristics of Coal.- Chemical Characteristics of Coal.- Coal Pyrolysis Reactions.- Coal Gasification.- Coal Depolymerization and Liquefaction.- Coal Combustion.- Coal Swelling.- Coal Plasma Reactions.
Heavy Neutral Particle Decays to Tau Pairs
The Standard Model of Particle Physics.- Supersymmetry and the MSSM.- Experimental Setup.- Event Simulation.- Event Reconstruction.- Hadronic Tau Identification and Trigger.- Selection of Tau Pairs.- Measurement of Z → ττ, Production.- Search for Higgs Bosons.- Synopsis.- Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade for Higher Luminosities.
Electric-Field Control of Magnetization and Electronic Transport in Ferromagnetic/Ferroelectric Heterostructures
Introduction.- Experimental Methods.- Electric-field control of Magnetism in CoFeB/PMN-PT(001) Structure.- Electric-Field Control of Magnetism and Magnetoresistance in CoFeB/PMN-PT(011) Structure.- Summary and Outlook.
What in the World are PET Scans?
This book about Pet Scans goes in depth into what in the world they are! From the history of medical imaging before Pet Scans, to the invention of it, to the science behind it and much more. You can even learn what to do in preparation for a pet scan and the risks. For all things Pet Scan related, this book has got your back!
Cosmos Infinito
Este livro aborda temas que v瓊o desde a teoria da relatividade de Einstein at矇 viagens no tempo, vida inteligente fora da Terra, etc. Independente do seu n穩vel de conhecimento, voc礙 ser獺 capaz de compreender o que existe para al矇m do nosso planeta e como as coisas funcionam e se relacionam umas com as outras na infinidade do cosmos. Os temas aqui presentes est瓊o organizados de forma a facilitar a absor癟瓊o do conhecimento e a permitir que at矇 os pontos de maior complexidade fa癟am sentido na cabe癟a do leitor.
Offshore Projects and Engineering Management
Offshore Projects and Engineering Management delivers a critical training tool for engineers on how to prepare cost estimates and understand the most recent management methods. Specific to the oil and gas offshore industry, the reference dives into project economics, interface management and contracts. Methods for analyzing risk, activity calculations and risk response strategies are covered for offshore, FPSO and pipelines. Supported with case studies, detailed discussions, and practical applications, this comprehensive book gives oil and gas managers a management toolbox to extend asset life, reduce costs and minimalize impact to personnel and environment. Oil and gas assets are under constant pressure and engineers and managers need engineering management training and strategies to ensure their operations are safe and cost effective. This book helps manage the ramp up to the management of offshore structures.
The Higgs Boson Discovery at the Large Hadron Collider
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of Higgs boson physics. It offers the first in-depth review of the complete results in connection with the discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN's Large Hadron Collider and based on the full dataset for the years 2011 to 2012. The fundamental concepts and principles of Higgs physics are introduced and the important searches prior to the advent of the Large Hadron Collider are briefly summarized. Lastly, the discovery and first mensuration of the observed particle in the course of the CMS experiment are discussed in detail and compared to the results obtained in the ATLAS experiment.
