Half-hours with the Telescope; Being a Popular Guide to the Use of the Telescope as a Means of Amusement and Instruction.
This book "" Half-hours with the Telescope; Being a Popular Guide to the Use of the Telescope as a Means of Amusement and Instruction. "" has been considered important throughout the human history. It has been out of print for decades.So that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Autobiography of an Electron; Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion
The book "" The Autobiography of an Electron; Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion "" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Physics of Molecular and Cellular Processes
Covers the entire spectrum from general principles to the methodology and specific applicationsOffers a tutorial and in-depth treatment of all the subjects coveredEnriched with many worked examples on all key topics
Bruno Touschek's Extraordinary Journey
Introduction (including about the European roads to particle colliders).- Touschek came from Vienna.- The road from Norway: Rolf Wider繪e and the Strahlentransformator.- Touschek and Wider繪e during WWII: between Hamburg and Berlin.- Bruno Touschek in Germany after the War: 1945-46.- Becoming a theoretical physicist in Glasgow: 1947-1952.- A Laboratory on the hills: Frascati and the Italian road to particle accelerators.- Bruno Touschek in Rome: January 1953-June 1959.- Touschek's revolutionary proposal and the construction of a matter-antimatter ring in Frascati.- The French connection: from Frascati to the Linear Accelerator Laboratory at Orsay.- Bruno Touschek and Carlo Bernardini with AdA in Orsay.- Epilogue: After AdA.
Multiscale Processes in the Earth's Magnetosphere: From Interball to Cluster
Mesoscopic Nuclear Physics: From Nucleus to Quantum Chaos to Quantum Signal Transmission
This book summarizes the recent development of nuclear science as an important part of mesoscopic physics, the intermediate world between the macroscopic and microscopic. This fast developing area with many practical applications includes complex atoms, molecules (including biological), nuclei, small-scale solid state systems, and future quantum computers. The complexity of the problem appears due to the richness of problems, from the necessity to study individual quantum levels, to the fundamental features of statistics and thermodynamics.
Equilibrium Statistical Physics
This unique textbook gradually introduces the student to the statistical mechanical study of the different phases of matter and to the phase transitions between them. Throughout, only simple models of both ordinary and soft matter are used but these are studied in full detail. The subject is developed in a pedagogical manner, starting from the basics, going from the simple ideal systems to the interacting systems, and ending with the more modern topics. This textbook provides the student with a complete overview, intentionally at an introductory level, of the theory of phase transitions. References include suggestions for more detailed treatments and four appendices supply overviews of the mathematical tools employed in the text.
Curiosities of the Sky
This book "" Curiosities of the Sky "" has been considered important throughout the human history. It has been out of print for decades.So that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Supersymmetry and Superstring Theory with Engineering Applications
This book introduces the vast subject of supersymmetry along with many specific examples of engineering applications.
Mechanical Estimating Manual
First published in 2006. Clear, practical and comprehensive, this mechanical estimating manual provides an indispensable resource for contractors, estimators, owners and anyone involved with estimating mechanical costs on construction projects, including a wealth of labor and price data, formulas, charts and graphs. Covering timeproven methodologies and procedures, it offers the user a full range of readytouse forms, detailed estimating guidelines, and numerous completed examples. You'll learn from leading experts how to produce complete and accurate sheet metal, piping and plumbing estimates both quickly and easily. The manual will also be of value to supervisors, mechanics, builders, general contractors, engineers and architects for use in planning and scheduling work, budget estimating, cost control, cost accounting, checking change orders and various other aspects of mechanical estimating.
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy is the most controversial energy source in the 21st century. Both nuclear energy advocates and nuclear energy opponents try to manipulate society by providing incomplete or incorrect information about nuclear energy. Nuclear Energy: Perception or Reality? provides readers with objective information about both the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy and explains many common myths about it.
Space Debris Peril
Space Debris Peril: Pathways to Opportunities takes readers through the whole spectrum of space debris problem - from technical, political, legal and socio-economical aspects - and represents an attempt to describe this credible risk and ways to mitigate its negative consequences, and create new opportunities.
High School and Undergraduate Physics Practicals
This book describes more than thirty Physics practicals at high school and undergraduate level. Background info, a description of the equipment needed, and how the experiment is performed. Uniquely, for those without access to a real laboratory, the book gives you access to highly detailed 3d simulations of all the experiments.
High Energy Cosmic Rays
This book on high-energy cosmic rays deals in its first part with the standard model of cosmic rays, describing how they are born in a wide range of cosmic processes, how they are accelerated and how they interact with matter, magnetic fields and radiation during their journey across the Galaxy. In its second part the book presents contemporary challenges in very high energy cosmic rays, with focus on their detection in the Earth's atmosphere and underground, as well as new developments in gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy.A decade after the publication of the second edition of this book, there are many new experimental results in the fields of high energy neutrino astronomy and in the whole energy range of detection of gamma-rays. There have also been many attempts for studies for multi-messenger events in these and all other fields. These new experimental efforts and their results are covered in this third edition. This is accompanied by a general analysis of these new results and the additional knowledge that they bring to our understanding of cosmic rays and their propagation in our Galaxy and extragalactic space. A large part of the interpretation of these new findings is related to the development of the hadronic interaction models that we use to understand and describe the experimental results. The author describes the relation between the new high energy physics experiments and such models.In addition to the discussion of new research, descriptions and graphs of the previous edition have been updated where appropriate. The third edition ends with a discussion of some possible and already planned experiments for future observations and an explanation of their importance for the better understanding of all processes that lead to the increase of our knowledge of high energy cosmic rays.Students and lecturers of advanced undergraduate courses on cosmic rays and astroparticle physics as well as post-graduates and researchers will continue tofind this book a valuable source of learning and reference.
Mathematical Methods for Physics
This book demonstrates how many physics problems resolve into similar inhomogeneous partial differential equations and the mathematical techniques for solving them.
Monte Carlo Methods
This book is intended for undergraduate students of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics who know nothing about Monte Carlo Methods but wish to know how they work. All treatments have been done as much manually as is practicable. The treatments are deliberately manual to let the readers get the real feel of how Monte Carlo Methods work. Definite integrals of a total of five functions ����(����), namely Sin(����), Cos(����), e����, loge(����), and 1/(1+����2), have been evaluated using constant, linear, Gaussian, and exponential probability density functions ����(����). It is shown that results agree with known exact values better if ����(����) is proportional to ����(����). Deviation from the proportionality results in worse agreement. This book is on Monte Carlo Methods which are numerical methods for Computational Physics. These are parts of a syllabus for undergraduate students of Mathematics and Physics for the course titled "Computational Physics." Need for the book: Besides the three referenced books, this is the only book that teaches how basic Monte Carlo methods work. This book is much more explicit and easier to follow than the three referenced books. The two chapters on the Variational Quantum Monte Carlo method are additional contributions of the book. Pedagogical features: After a thorough acquaintance with background knowledge in Chapter 1, five thoroughly worked out examples on how to carry out Monte Carlo integration is included in Chapter 2. Moreover, the book contains two chapters on the Variational Quantum Monte Carlo method applied to a simple harmonic oscillator and a hydrogen atom. The book is a good read; it is intended to make readers adept at using the method. The book is intended to aid in hands-on learning of the Monte Carlo methods.
Gravitational Waves
Gravitational wave (GW) research is one of the most rapidly developing subfields in experimental physics today. The theoretical underpinnings of this endeavor trace to the discussions of the "speed of gravity" in the 18th century, but the modern understanding of this phenomena was not realized until the middle of the 20th century. The minuteness of the gravitational force means that the effects associated with GWs are vanishingly small. To detect the GWs produced by the most enormously energetic sources in the universe, humans had to build devices capable of measuring the tiniest amounts of forces and displacements. This book delves into the exploration of the basics of the theory of GW, their generation, propagation, and detection by various methods. It does not delve into the depths of Einstein's General Relativity, but instead discusses successively closer approximations to the full theory. As a result, the book should be accessible to an ambitious undergraduate student majoring in physics or engineering. It could be read concurrently with standard junior-level textbooks in classical mechanics, and electromagnetic theory.
Introduction to Cosmic Inflation and Dark Energy
Cosmic inflation and dark energy hold the key to the origin and the eventual fate of the Universe. Despite the increasing prominence of these subjects in research and teaching over the past decade or more, no introductory text dedicated to this topic has been previously published.
Adaptive Mesh Refinement in Time-Domain Numerical Electromagnetics
This monograph is a comprehensive presentation of state-of-the-art methodologies that can dramatically enhance the efficiency of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique, the most popular electromagnetic field solver of the time-domain form of Maxwell's equations. These methodologies are aimed at optimally tailoring the computational resources needed for the wideband simulation of microwave and optical structures to their geometry, as well as the nature of the field solutions they support. That is achieved by the development of robust "adaptive meshing" approaches, which amount to varying the total number of unknown field quantities in the course of the simulation to adapt to temporally or spatially localized field features. While mesh adaptation is an extremely desirable FDTD feature, known to reduce simulation times by orders of magnitude, it is not always robust. The specific techniques presented in this book are characterized by stability and robustness. Therefore, they are excellent computer analysis and design (CAD) tools. The book starts by introducing the FDTD technique, along with challenges related to its application to the analysis of real-life microwave and optical structures. It then proceeds to developing an adaptive mesh refinement method based on the use of multiresolution analysis and, more specifically, the Haar wavelet basis. Furthermore, a new method to embed a moving adaptive mesh in FDTD, the dynamically adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) FDTD technique, is introduced and explained in detail. To highlight the properties of the theoretical tools developed in the text, a number of applications are presented, including: Microwave integrated circuits (microstrip filters, couplers, spiral inductors, cavities). Optical power splitters, Y-junctions, and couplers Optical ring resonators Nonlinear optical waveguides. Building on first principles of time-domain electromagnetic simulations, this book presents advanced concepts and cutting-edge modeling techniques in an intuitive way for programmers, engineers, and graduate students. It is designed to provide a solid reference for highly efficient time-domain solvers, employed in a wide range of exciting applications in microwave/millimeter-wave and optical engineering.
Central Nervous System Tissue Engineering
Combating neural degeneration from injury or disease is extremely difficult in the brain and spinal cord, i.e. central nervous system (CNS). Unlike the peripheral nerves, CNS neurons are bombarded by physical and chemical restrictions that prevent proper healing and restoration of function. The CNS is vital to bodily function, and loss of any part of it can severely and permanently alter a person's quality of life. Tissue engineering could offer much needed solutions to regenerate or replace damaged CNS tissue. This review will discuss current CNS tissue engineering approaches integrating scaffolds, cells and stimulation techniques. Hydrogels are commonly used CNS tissue engineering scaffolds to stimulate and enhance regeneration, but fiber meshes and other porous structures show specific utility depending on application. CNS relevant cell sources have focused on implantation of exogenous cells or stimulation of endogenous populations. Somatic cells of the CNS are rarely utilized for tissue engineering; however, glial cells of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) may be used to myelinate and protect spinal cord damage. Pluripotent and multipotent stem cells offer alternative cell sources due to continuing advancements in identification and differentiation of these cells. Finally, physical, chemical, and electrical guidance cues are extremely important to neural cells, serving important roles in development and adulthood. These guidance cues are being integrated into tissue engineering approaches. Of particular interest is the inclusion of cues to guide stem cells to differentiate into CNS cell types, as well to guide neuron targeting. This review should provide the reader with a broad understanding of CNS tissue engineering challenges and tactics, with the goal of fostering the future development of biologically inspired designs. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy of the CNS and Progression of Neurological Damage / Biomaterials for Scaffold Preparation / Cell Sources for CNS TE / Stimulation and Guidance / Concluding Remarks
Conversations About Physics, Volume 2
This compendium includes the following 5 complete books featuring renowned physicists Freeman Dyson, Jenny Nelson, Claudia de Rham, Lee Smolin and Jill Tarter providing fully accessible insights into cutting-edge academic research while revealing the inspirations and personal journeys behind the research. The books are explicitly designed to provide a unique window into frontline research and scholarship that wouldn't otherwise be experienced through standard lectures and textbooks. A detailed preface highlights the connections between the different books and all five books are broken into chapters with a detailed introduction and questions for discussion at the end of each chapter: I. Pushing the Boundaries - A conversation with former mathematical physicist and writer Freeman Dyson (1923-2020), who was one of the most celebrated polymaths of our age. Dyson had his academic home for more than 60 years at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. He has reshaped thinking in fields from math to astrophysics to medicine, while pondering nuclear-propelled spaceships designed to transport human colonists to distant planets. Freeman looks back on his simultaneously transformative careers in theoretical physics, mathematics, biology, rocket ship design, nuclear disarmament and writing.II. Harnessing the Sun - A Conversation with Jenny Nelson, Professor of Physics and Head of the Climate Change mitigation team at the Grantham Institute at Imperial College London. After inspiring insights about Jenny Nelson's academic journey, the conversation examines different solar energy processes, solar energy conversion technology, novel varieties of material for use in solar cells, and the materials used to build and improve photovoltaic, and other renewable, technologies, which convert energy from the sun into electricity.III. The Pull of the Stars - A Conversation with Claudia de Rham, Professor of Theoretical Physics at Imperial College London. After exploring Claudia de Rham's academic journey, this in-depth conversation explores her research in cosmology, the public perception and communication of science to the general public, gender issues and stereotypes in physics, and recommendations for physics teachers to inspire the next generation.IV. Examining Time - A Conversation with Lee Smolin, faculty member of Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. This detailed discussion offers an investigation of time, both what it is and how the true nature of it impacts our world and future and provides behind-the scenes insights into the development of Lee Smolin's groundbreaking theory on the nature of time.V. SETI: Astronomy - A Conversation with Jill Tarter, Chair Emeritus for SETI Research at SETI Institute and Former Director of the Center for SETI Research. This wide-ranging conversation explores the history of the scientific search for extraterrestrial intelligence, what the present state is of our quest for signals from other planets, what those signals might look like and how we can interpret them, how SETI research has a surprisingly positive effect on other technologies, how citizens can get involved with astronomy and much more.Howard Burton is the host and editor of all Ideas Roadshow conversations and was the Founding Director of Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. He holds a PhD in theoretical physics and an MA in philosophy. Ideas Roadshow offers a series of 20 Collections, including Conversations About Astrophysics & Cosmology.
Reduction of a Ship's Magnetic Field Signatures
Decreasing the magnetic field signature of a naval vessel will reduce its susceptibility to detonating naval influence mines and the probability of a submarine being detected by underwater barriers and maritime patrol aircraft. Both passive and active techniques for reducing the magnetic signatures produced by a vessel's ferromagnetism, roll-induced eddy currents, corrosion-related sources, and stray fields are presented. Mathematical models of simple hull shapes are used to predict the levels of signature reduction that might be achieved through the use of alternate construction materials. Also, the process of demagnetizing a steel-hulled ship is presented, along with the operation of shaft-grounding systems, paints, and alternate configurations for power distribution cables. In addition, active signature reduction technologies are described, such as degaussing and deamping, which attempt to cancel the fields surrounding a surface ship or submarine rather than eliminate its source. Table of Contents: Introduction / Passive Magnetic Silencing Techniques / Active Signature Compensation / Summary
Exploitation of a Ship's Magnetic Field Signatures
Surface ship and submarine magnetic field signatures have been exploited for over 80 years by naval influence mines, and both underwater and airborne surveillance systems. The generating mechanism of the four major shipboard sources of magnetic fields is explained, along with a detailed description of the induced and permanent ferromagnetic signature characteristics. A brief historical summary of magnetic naval mine development during World War II is followed by a discussion of important improvements found in modern weapons, including an explanation of the damage mechanism for non-contact explosions. A strategy for selecting an optimum mine actuation threshold is given. A multi-layered defensive strategy against naval mines is outlined, with graphical explanations of the relationships between ship signature reduction and minefield clearing effectiveness. In addition to a brief historical discussion of underwater and airborne submarine surveillance systems and magnetic field sensing principles, mathematical formulations are presented for computing the expected target signal strengths and noise levels for several barrier types. Besides the sensor self-noise, equations for estimating geomagnetic, ocean surface wave, platform, and vector sensor motion noises will be given along with simple algorithms for their reduction.
Engineering Thermodynamics and 21st Century Energy Problems
Energy is a basic human need; technologies for energy conversion and use are fundamental to human survival. As energy technology evolves to meet demands for development and ecological sustainability in the 21st century, engineers need to have up-to-date skills and knowledge to meet the creative challenges posed by current and future energy problems. Further, engineers need to cultivate a commitment to and passion for lifelong learning which will enable us to actively engage new developments in the field. This undergraduate textbook companion seeks to develop these capacities in tomorrow's engineers in order to provide for future energy needs around the world. This book is designed to complement traditional texts in engineering thermodynamics, and thus is organized to accompany explorations of the First and Second Laws, fundamental property relations, and various applications across engineering disciplines. It contains twenty modules targeted toward meeting five often-neglected ABET outcomes: ethics, communication, lifelong learning, social context, and contemporary issues. The modules are based on pedagogies of liberation, used for decades in the humanities and social sciences for instilling critical thinking and reflective action in students by bringing attention to power relations in the classroom and in the world. This book is intended to produce a conversation and creative exploration around how to teach and learn thermodynamics differently. Because liberative pedagogies are at their heart relational, it is important to maintain spaces for discussing classroom practices with these modules, and for sharing ideas for implementing critical pedagogies in engineering contexts. The reader is therefore encouraged to visit the book's blog. Table of Contents: What and Why? / The First Law: Making Theory Relevant / The Second Law and Property Relations / Thinking Big Picture about Energy and Sustainability
Scanning Probe Microscopy
Written by three leading experts in the field, this book describes and explains all essential aspects of scanning probe microscopy. Emphasis is placed on the experimental design and procedures required to optimize the performance of the various methods described. The book covers not only the physical principles behind this popular technique, but also tackles questions on instrument design, the basic features of the different imaging modes, and recurring artifacts. Novel applications and the latest research results are presented, and the book closes with a look at the future prospects of scanning probe microscopy, while also discussing related techniques in the field of nanoscience. This second edition includes essential scientific updates reflecting the latest research, as well as coverage of new breakthroughs in techniques such as submolecular imaging by atomic force microscopy (AFM), multifrequency AFM, high-speed imaging of biological matter, scanning x-ray microscopy, andtip-enhanced Raman scattering. The book serves as a general, hands-on guide for all types of classes that address scanning probe microscopy. It is ideally suited for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, either for self-study or as a textbook for a dedicated course on the topic. Furthermore, it is an essential component of any scanning probe microscopy laboratory course and a valuable resource for practicing researchers developing and using scanning probe techniques.
Basic Concepts in Physics
Gravitation and Newton Laws.- Entropy, Statistical Physics and Information.- Electromagnetism and Maxwell's Equations.- Electromagnetic Waves.- Special Theory of Relativity.- Atoms and Quantum Theory.- Quantum Electrodynamics.- Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein Statistics.- Four Fundamental Forces.- General Relativity and Cosmology.- Unification of the Forces of Nature.- Physics and Life.
General Yang-Mills Symmetry: From Quark Confinement to an Antimatter Half-Universe
This monograph expounds on general Yang-Mills symmetry, a new symmetry based on arbitrary vector gauge functions and Hamilton's characteristic phase functions in the gauge transformations of Abelian and non-Abelian groups. General Yang-Mills symmetry includes the conventional gauge symmetries as special cases and is useful for describing phenomena at scales ranging from the super-macroscopic such as dark matter, to the ultra-microscopic such as the quantum 3-body problem of baryons. Moreover, this symmetry supports the Broader Particle-Cosmology framework based on particle physics and quantum Yang-Mills gravity in flat space-time, which can explain why the gravitational force is always attractive. This volume also discusses how CPT invariance in particle physics suggests a "Big Jets" model for the birth of the universe, proposing one explanation for the dearth of anti-matter in our universe. Finally, we discuss a simplified quantum shell model for N baryons with a quark Hamiltonian and a Sonine-Laguerre equation that gives reasonable eigenvalues for the energies of the 29 N baryons.
Deep Learning in Solar Astronomy
The volume of data being collected in solar astronomy has exponentially increased over the past decade and we will be entering the age of petabyte solar data. Deep learning has been an invaluable tool exploited to efficiently extract key information from the massive solar observation data, to solve the tasks of data archiving/classification, object detection and recognition. Astronomical study starts with imaging from recorded raw data, followed by image processing, such as image reconstruction, inpainting and generation, to enhance imaging quality. We study deep learning for solar image processing. First, image deconvolution is investigated for synthesis aperture imaging. Second, image inpainting is explored to repair over-saturated solar image due to light intensity beyond threshold of optical lens. Third, image translation among UV/EUV observation of the chromosphere/corona, Ha observation of the chromosphere and magnetogram of the photosphere is realized by using GAN, exhibiting powerful image domain transfer ability among multiple wavebands and different observation devices. It can compensate the lack of observation time or waveband. In addition, time series model, e.g., LSTM, is exploited to forecast solar burst and solar activity indices. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the deep learning applications in solar astronomy. It is suitable for the students and young researchers who are major in astronomy and computer science, especially interdisciplinary research of them.
Symmetry, Broken Symmetry, and Topology in Modern Physics
Written for use in teaching and for self-study, this book provides a comprehensive and pedagogical introduction to groups, algebras, geometry, and topology. It assimilates modern applications of these concepts, assuming only an advanced undergraduate preparation in physics. It provides a balanced view of group theory, Lie algebras, and topological concepts, while emphasizing a broad range of modern applications such as Lorentz and Poincar矇 invariance, coherent states, quantum phase transitions, the quantum Hall effect, topological matter, and Chern numbers, among many others. An example based approach is adopted from the outset, and the book includes worked examples and informational boxes to illustrate and expand on key concepts. 344 homework problems are included, with full solutions available to instructors, and a subset of 172 of these problems have full solutions available to students.
Multilingual Dictionary of Nuclear Reactor Physics and Engineering
This multilingual dictionary explains, in simple and clear language, the most frequently-used terms and expressions in the field of nuclear reactor physics and engineering, and provides translations of these terms from English into French, German, Swedish and Polish.
William Shockley: The Will to Think
This book takes a fresh look at the work, thoughts, and life of 1956 Nobel Prize winner William B. Shockley. It reconstructs Shockley's upbringing, his patriotic achievements during World War II, his contribution to semiconductor physics - culminating with the epoch-making invention of the transistor - and his views on the social issues of his time. The author's unparalleled access to Shockley's personal documents provides insight into a colorful, yet controversial, man, and also sheds light on the attitudes of other prominent scientists of that era. Shockley was not only an outstanding scientist in his own right but also a fiercely independent thinker in perpetual search of the truth. His contributions to the field known today as microelectronics are enormous and unmatched. This book explores the critical facets of Shockley's life, replete with never-before-published photos and excerpts from his private correspondence and personal notebooks. The book also delves into Shockley's views on genetics and human intelligence. It tells the story of a man beset by an unrelenting rationality, slandered by the popular media, and ultimately alienated by his peers. It discusses his controversial, although sometimes prescient, ideas regarding human genetics, putting these into the context of modern research findings. Today, William Shockley is perhaps just as enigmatic as his work and accomplishments. The author presents a convincing argument that Shockley still has much to say about the issues of our age, and many of his ideas deserve evaluation in the public forum.
Notes on Hamiltonian Dynamical Systems
Starting with the basics of Hamiltonian dynamics and canonical transformations, this text follows the historical development of the theory culminating in recent results: the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser theorem, Nekhoroshev's theorem and superexponential stability. Its analytic approach allows students to learn about perturbation methods leading to advanced results. Key topics covered include Liouville's theorem, the proof of Poincaré's non-integrability theorem and the nonlinear dynamics in the neighbourhood of equilibria. The theorem of Kolmogorov on persistence of invariant tori and the theory of exponential stability of Nekhoroshev are proved via constructive algorithms based on the Lie series method. A final chapter is devoted to the discovery of chaos by Poincaré and its relations with integrability, also including recent results on superexponential stability. Written in an accessible, self-contained way with few prerequisites, this book can serve as an introductory text for senior undergraduate and graduate students.
Understanding Soils of Mountainous Landscapes
Understanding Soils of Mountainous Landscapes: Sustainable Use of Soil Ecosystem Services and Management focuses on the patterns and processes of mountainous soils, including threats due to the fragile nature of mountain ecosystems, and the conservation and management of soil ecosystem services and restoration processes. The book covers a balanced approach to land and resource management, ensuring that environmentally and socio-culturally sound interventions are developed and applied in the complex geophysical, ecological, and social landscapes of the world's mountain systems. The book provides holistic understanding of mountain soils to help environmental and soil scientists gain insight and develop new problem-solving approaches. With obvious up- and downstream linkages (e.g., a large proportion of urban canters globally depend on water that originates in the mountains) as well as globalization (e.g., continental-scale impacts of air pollution and climate change on glaciers), the long-range success of conservation measures in mountain regions requires that the following discrete but interconnected interventions be pursued concurrently: (1) the protection of biodiversity and ecosystem services, (2) empowerment of mountain communities (including family farming), and (3) elaboration of more thoughtful, context-specific policy environments for sustainable mountain development.
Confocal Microscopy
This volume provides a wide range of imaging protocols that can be tailored to specific organisms or cell-types. Chapters guide readers through fixed-cell, live-cell, phenotype screening, super-resolution, intravital imaging techniques, and fluorescence life-time imaging microscopy (FLIM). Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Confocal Microscopy: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
An Introduction to Groups and Their Matrices for Science Students
Group theory, originating from algebraic structures in mathematics, has long been a powerful tool in many areas of physics, chemistry and other applied sciences, but it has seldom been covered in a manner accessible to undergraduates. This book from renowned educator Robert Kolenkow introduces group theory and its applications starting with simple ideas of symmetry, through quantum numbers, and working up to particle physics. It features clear explanations, accompanying problems and exercises, and numerous worked examples from experimental research in the physical sciences. Beginning with key concepts and necessary theorems, topics are introduced systematically including: molecular vibrations and lattice symmetries; matrix mechanics; wave mechanics; rotation and quantum angular momentum; atomic structure; and finally particle physics. This comprehensive primer on group theory is ideal for advanced undergraduate topics courses, reading groups, or self-study, and it will help prepare graduate students for higher-level courses.
Nuclear Tracks in Solids
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.
Algebraic Bethe Ansatz and Correlation Functions: An Advanced Course
It is unlikely that today there is a specialist in theoretical physics who has not heard anything about the algebraic Bethe ansatz. Over the past few years, this method has been actively used in quantum statistical physics models, condensed matter physics, gauge field theories, and string theory.This book presents the state-of-the-art research in the field of algebraic Bethe ansatz. Along with the results that have already become classic, the book also contains the results obtained in recent years. The reader will get acquainted with the solution of the spectral problem and more complex problems that are solved using this method. Various methods for calculating scalar products and form factors are described in detail. Special attention is paid to applying the algebraic Bethe ansatz to the calculation of the correlation functions of quantum integrable models. The book also elaborates on multiple integral representations for correlation functions and examples of calculating the long-distance asymptotics of correlations.This text is intended for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, and specialists interested in the mathematical methods of studying physical systems that allow them to obtain exact results.
Radiation: An Energy Carrier
This book aims to explain radiation from a somewhat different aspect than its traditional image as something that is scary, dangerous, hazardous, and so on, to produce the correct understanding that radiation is carrying energy, and to convince readers that radiation is not "scary" but controllable and useful. As for radiation itself, many introductions or textbooks have been published, as in radiochemistry, radiobiology, and radiology. In most of them, the biological effects of radiation exposure are the main subjects, which often enhance the feeling that radiation is dangerous, and the effects produced by lower-dose exposure that are difficult to see are hardly discussed. The present volume mainly focuses on how radiation carries energy, how energy is absorbed in substances as absorbed doses (Gy) or dose equivalents (Sv), how damages or risks appear with the absorbed dose and why the effects of the exposure appear quite differently, depending on properties of the substances that were exposed.
Physical Kinetics
This book includes problems based on the material in the course of physical kinetics for the students of general and applied physics. It contains 60 problems with detailed solutions. The comments to the problems reflect the connection with the problems and methods of modern physical kinetics. A brief introduction gives the necessary information for solving and understanding the problems. The book is proposed for students and postgraduates studying the theoretical physics. The book is used as a supplement to the textbooks published on physical kinetics. The purpose of the book is to help students in training the practical skills and mastering the basic elements of physical kinetics. To understand the subject matter, it is sufficient to know the traditional courses of theoretical physics.
Nuclear Tracks in Solids
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.
Destination Mars
Travel to the most exciting planet in the solar system, Mars, and learn the secrets astronomers and scientists have unearthed about it over the years. Read about how Mars was formed, what it looks like up close, whether there was water on it, and if there was ever any life there. Told in simple language and with the help of numerous diagrams and photographs, this book also explains how rockets and spacecraft are designed and sent to Mars. Discover everything about the thrilling journeys made by
