Impact of Water Quality on Soil under Drip Irrigation
This book explores the impact of saline water on soil moisture and salt distribution under drip irrigation, based on a field experiment at the College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Godhra, Gujarat. The study analyzed three plots irrigated with water of different salinity levels (1 EC, 2 EC, and 3 EC) using 2 lph emitters. Soil samples were collected at various depths and intervals to measure moisture and salinity distribution. Results revealed that soil salinity patterns depended on water quality and moisture distribution, with higher moisture levels in deeper soil layers. Saline water irrigation created distinct zones of salinity, with higher salt concentrations near the dripper at the surface. Over time, salt accumulation in the soil profile may occur, necessitating periodic heavy rainfall or alternative irrigation methods to prevent long-term soil salinization. This study underscores the need for strategic irrigation management when using saline water to maintain soil health and crop productivity.
Harnessing Social Media for Agricultural Information in Africa
The book examines the transformative potential of social media in the agricultural sector across Africa, highlighting both its opportunities and challenges. The book discusses how social media can enhance market access, provide cost-effective marketing solutions, and facilitate real-time communication between farmers and consumers, ultimately improving agricultural productivity. However, it also addresses significant barriers such as limited internet connectivity, a lack of training in digital literacy, and the risk of information overload. To maximize the benefits of these platforms, the book emphasizes the need for targeted training programs that equip farmers with essential skills in content creation, networking strategies, and effective use of social media tools. By advocating for a strategic approach to integrating social media into agricultural practices, the book emphasizes its potential to foster collaboration, enhance communication, and improve outcomes for farmers across the continent.
Effect of feather meal on yield and chemical composition of maize
The results of the present investigation clearly highlighted the fact that the application of feather powder and digested feather meal with 100% RDN were found the best because of their higher nitrogen content as well as lower C: N ratio. Among all the treatments feather powder and digested feather meal with 100% RDN (120 kg ha-1) increased yield, improved nutrient composition of maize plants as well as soil properties.
Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Turkey Meat Quality
The effect of modified atmosphere (80 per cent oxygen + 20 percent carbon dioxide) packaging (MAP), vacuum packaging and aerobic packaging on fresh and stored turkey meat quality at 4 + 1oC was studied. The quality parameters like colour, odour, pH, water holding capacity (WHC), extract release volume (ERV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) number and tyrosine value (TV) and microbial qualities of fresh and packaged meat samples were analysed at different storage period and discussed. The highest Munsell colour-hue, value, chroma, WHC and TBA number were discerned in samples packaged under modified atmosphere. ERV was lower in MAP samples than vacuum packaged samples. TV, drip loss, odour score, total viable count (TVC) and anaerobic counts were the lowest in samples packaged under modified atmosphere. Based on the findings turkey meat could be conveniently stored upto twenty one days under modified atmosphere packaging and under vacuum with out affecting the quality.
Wide Hybridization in Pulses Crop
Pulses are an essential source of protein in the diet of the predominantly vegetarian Indian population. Pulses are known as the poor man's meat because they are rich in nutrition and low in cost. Therefore, most low-income populations can use this nutritious crop as their staple food. The main object of wide hybridization is to enhance yield with the production crop plant from biotic and abiotic stress. Hybridization between individuals from different species belonging to the same genus or to different genera is called distant hybridization or wide hybridization. It has been used in the genetic improvement of pulse crop plants. It is transferring desirable traits into cultivated species from wild species of related species and genera. Crossing between two different species of the same genus or two different genera of the same family is called wide hybridization.
Agricultural soil compaction
Soil sensitivity to compaction can be determined by a number of factors, with moisture content being the main factor to be mastered before working the soil. This book looks at the effects of compaction caused by agricultural mechanization and different cultivation techniques, on the physico-chemical parameters of agricultural soils in a Mediterranean climate with different soil textures. I first present a context for developing sustainable agriculture, avoiding the combined effects of compaction and tillage, and aiming to design cropping systems that maximize yields and minimize soil degradation. Through this work, I discuss the effect of compaction intensity on soil structure, and its consequences on the development of the durum wheat root system, as well as soil compressibility as a function of moisture variation. Lastly, I discuss the effect of the passage of farm machinery through the action of tires and weight on porosity, moisture content, penetrometric resistance, infiltration rate and microbial activity in the soil.
Beyond the Flakes
The book explores the multifaceted role of Malassezia furfur, the primary fungus associated with dandruff and various scalp disorders. It delves into the biological characteristics of this yeast-like organism, examining how it affects scalp health and contributes to conditions such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and folliculitis. The book highlights the mechanisms through which M. furfur disrupts the scalp's microbiome and barrier function, leading to inflammation and discomfort.In addition to discussing the implications of M. furfur on hair and scalp health, the book investigates effective mitigation strategies, including the use of traditional anti-dandruff treatments and innovative plant-based antifungal agents. It evaluates the efficacy of various plant extracts in combating M. furfur, providing a comparative analysis with commercial shampoos. By synthesizing current research and practical insights, this book serves as a comprehensive guide for both professionals and individuals seeking to understand and manage dandruff, ultimately promoting healthier hair and scalp conditions.
Impact of agriculture on the environment
Our study on the impact of agriculture at the environmental level for the cultivation of quinquina in the kalonge group in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo by the company Pharmakina carried out by MUHERUKI PALUKU, the objective was to determine the causal agents and challenges faced by the population of Kalonge and their impacts on the environment in their study environments and to propose sustainable solutions for social cohesion for the development of the population of Kalonge. Promotion of local development at the grassroots level by local development communities in support of Pharmakina.
Exploring plant fibres
Plant fibers are vital components of the plant kingdom, serving essential roles in structure, support, and ecological interactions. This study explores the composition, types, and significance of plant fibers, shedding light on their multifaceted functions. Plant fibers are primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which contribute to their strength and resilience. The diversity of fiber types-ranging from the soft, flexible fibers found in cotton to the strong, durable fibers in hemp-highlights the evolutionary adaptations that enhance plant survival and reproduction. The significance of plant fibers extends beyond their mechanical properties. In terrestrial ecosystems, they play a crucial role in soil health by contributing to organic matter and improving soil structure. Additionally, plant fibers have a direct impact on human life through their use in textiles, construction materials, and biocomposites. The increasing interest in sustainable biodegradable materials has led to a resurgence in the study of plant fibers, prompting innovative applications in various industries.
Characterization and impacts of different uses of an Argissolo
Soil management and use are of fundamental importance for the balance of its physical, chemical and biological characteristics, acting directly on its productive capacity. The intensity of soil degradation varies according to the ways in which it is used and the types of use and occupation of the area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different land uses (native forest, pasture and conventional corn planting) on the physical attributes of an Argissolo. It is a study that presents interesting results regarding the monitoring of soil quality in different use systems.
History and Future of Plants, Planet and People
This fascinating book presents the experiences and pooled knowledge of two very different conservation scientists; Pei Shengji from Sichuan, China and Alan Hamilton from London, UK. They have been drawn together over many years through working on some of the same conservation projects and have discovered that they overlap in their ideas about the sorts of work that needs to be done and how it can best be carried out. The book describes some of their own experiences, set within the contexts of their varied careers and the development of their thinking.Plant conservation is crucial to the preservation of natural ecosystems, but conventional approaches have met with only limited success. The authors have concluded that plant conservationists need social allies - elements of society that have other primary concerns, but whose efforts, if successful, will bring benefits to plant conservation too.It is the state and condition of plants on the ground that ultimately matter in conserving ecosystems, and therefore it is the role of local people who interact directly with them which enables success. Ethnobotany is a key skill required of practical plant conservationists. Its techniques enable them to explore connections between people and plants, learn about local perspectives and establish relationships with the people upon whom conservation and sustainable development relies.This book: recommends how to advance plant conservation, based on real experiences. will inspire more people to become involved in plant conservation. demonstrates how the very different backgrounds of the authors have influenced the courses of their careers, but have enabled them to come to very similar conclusions about conservation practice. demonstrates the importance of geographically-based biocultural diversity, as a counterbalancing force to globalisation.
Ethnobotany
Ethnobotany: Ethnopharmacology to Bioactive Compounds comprises of carefully selected studies focusing on the importance of ethnobotanical data as an effective approach towards the discovery of novel ethnopharmacological properties and bioactive compounds that characterize herbal products, pharmaceutical drugs and medicinal plants.
Screening and management of Safflower aphid
Screening of 14 genotypes were carried out of accessions screened one accession recorded aphid population of 71.33 aphids/5 cm twig with AII 0.80. These genotype SSF-17-04 were graded as highly resistance to safflower aphid. Ten germplasm accessions recorded aphid population of 91.01-116.11 aphids/5 cm on the apical shoot length and AII ranging from 1.46 to 1.73.The seed yield of safflower varied in all the treatment plots. The treatments with two foliar sprays of spinetoram11.70 SC and two foliar sprays of cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD were the most promising treatments which were found at par with each other, respectively. The next better treatments in order of efficacy were seed the treatment with thiamethoxam 30 FS & one foliar spray of spinetoram11.70 SC and seed treatment with thiamethoxam 30 FS and one foliar spray of cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD. The minimum seed yield was recorded in an untreated control.Visitation of various pollinators at different day hours on safflower (bees/m2/2hrs). The intensity of all the honey bee species gradually increases and reaches its peak from 10.00 to 12.00 hrs and then decline slowly. visitation of various pollinators in safflower crop.
Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Poultry Droppings with Organic Solid Wastes
To my knowledge, technologies for biogas or bio-methane production from various bio-substrates through anaerobic digestion or their co-digestion are available in the literature. But very little literature is available on the optimum conditions for anaerobic digestion and/or their co-digestion. Therefore, a total of six studies are mentioned in this document to address this issue. Among of these a baseline survey and 5 lab based experiments were carried out (i) to investigate the potentials, status, problems, barriers and future needs for implementation and dissemination of biogas plants in Bangladesh and (ii) to find out the optimal conditions for maximal biogas and bio-methane production, respectively. The survey results revealed that poultry and dairy industry is an increasingly growing and a promising sector and the total poultry and dairy wastes have the theoretical biogas potential is 39 TJ per annum which can solve a big portion of deficit energy. The smart use of poultry and dairy wastes (biogas production and or electricity generation with organic fertilizer through anaerobic digestion) can be a sustainable energy solution for Bangladesh.
Enhancing Rice Performance Through Seed Priming
Seed priming is a proven, cost-effective technique that enhances rice (Oryza sativa) performance, particularly in stressful conditions such as salinity, drought, and poor soil quality. By pre-treating seeds with water, chemicals, or osmotic agents, priming accelerates metabolic processes, improving seed germination, seedling vigor, and plant resilience. For salt-affected areas, priming methods like hydropriming, osmopriming, and chemical priming help rice withstand saline stress, boosting early growth and development. This approach is a simple and promising strategy to increase rice yields and improve crop performance in both traditional and stress-prone agricultural environments.
Survey and Management of Major Insect Pests of Pomegranate
The data recorded during the surveys revealed that the maximum population of thrips were recorded at Degaon (17.2/10 cm twig) during first survey and during second survey at Laxmitakali (19.1/ 10 cm twig) Lowest population noticed at Laxmitakali (4.5/10 cm twig) and Bondale (4.0/10 cm twig) during first and second survey respectively. The maximum population of Aphids were recorded from Tisangi (17.1 aphids/10 cm twig) during first survey and during second survey at Bhalvani (14.6 aphids /10 cm twig). The lowest population of aphid seen at Maololi (5.1/10 cm twig) during first survey and during the second survey at Laxmitakali (4.5/10 cm twig).Studies on bio-efficacy of newer insecticides against aphids revealed that the treatment with thiamethoxam 12.60 + lambda cyhalothrin 9.50 ZC was found most superior in reducing the population of aphids followed by flonicamide 50 WG and Cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD. In case of thrips, treatment with Cyantraniliprole10 OD followed by Spinosad 45 SC and flonicamide 50 WG were the most effective. The per cent fruit infestation (on number and weight basis) revealed that the treatment of spinosad 45 SC was found effective in reducing the fruit damage.
Pollinators and Effect of Bio-Pesticides on Major Pests of Sunflower
Investigations on "Studies on sunflower pollinators and efficacy of biopesticides against major insect pests of sunflower" were carried out in College of Agriculture Parbhani, VNMKV, Maharashtra during rabi, 2022. Insect diversity study on sunflower variety Ajeet-531 revealed that the crop was visited by twelve species of insect viz., Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata, A. florea, Trigona iridipennis and Xylocopa fenestrate, Ischipdon scutallaris, Danaus plexippus, Amata bicincta, Pieris rapae, Papilio demoleus, Chielomenes sexmaculata and one green lacewing species. In efficacy of NSKE5% proved best treatment in reducing larval population followed by Bacillus thuringiensis 0.2%, Beauveria bassiana, PSKE 5% and Metarhizium anisopliae.NSKE5% yielded higher (11.00 q/ha) followed by Bacillus thuringiensis (10.83q/ha).When considering the economics of treatments, highest cost benefit ratio was obtained in Bacillus thuringiensis(1:8.73) followed by Beauveria bassiana (1:7.00) and NSKE5% (1:6.97).In seasonal incidence study it was observed that head borer, H.armigerawas found major pest species whereas sucking pests like jassids, Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla, whitefly Bemisia tabaci.
Dynamics of Production and Profitability of Pearl Millet
Pearl millet is underutilized food grains in many countries despite which is rich source of micronutrients like iron, calcium zinc etc. The present study will help in studying its production, growth in cost of cultivation and profitability of peal millet, factors affecting the production and future prospects of pearl millet production. The knowledge of this study will help the policy makers in development of new technology to reduce its cost and make the farmers profitable and also improves the upcoming varieties.
Rainfall and Yield
Although the recent scientific and technological advances and performance of soybean in soils with low fertility thanks to recent advances in cultivars, the climate has the most important element for variability for crops yields, including soybean yields, due 80 % of yield variability come from the climate (CARAMORI et al., 2008; CALDANA et al., 2019; FERREIRA et al., 2020; CALDANA et al., 2021).
The Serviceberry
An Instant New York Times Bestseller From the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Braiding Sweetgrass, a bold and inspiring vision for how to orient our lives around gratitude, reciprocity, and community, based on the lessons of the natural world. As Indigenous scientist and author of Braiding Sweetgrass Robin Wall Kimmerer harvests serviceberries alongside the birds, she considers the ethic of reciprocity that lies at the heart of the gift economy. How, she asks, can we learn from Indigenous wisdom and the plant world to reimagine what we value most? Our economy is rooted in scarcity, competition, and the hoarding of resources, and we have surrendered our values to a system that actively harms what we love. Meanwhile, the serviceberry's relationship with the natural world is an embodiment of reciprocity, interconnectedness, and gratitude. The tree distributes its wealth--its abundance of sweet, juicy berries--to meet the needs of its natural community. And this distribution ensures its own survival. As Kimmerer explains, "Serviceberries show us another model, one based upon reciprocity, where wealth comes from the quality of your relationships, not from the illusion of self-sufficiency." As Elizabeth Gilbert writes, Robin Wall Kimmerer is "a great teacher, and her words are a hymn of love to the world." The Serviceberry is an antidote to the broken relationships and misguided goals of our times, and a reminder that "hoarding won't save us, all flourishing is mutual." Robin Wall Kimmerer is donating her advance payments from this book as a reciprocal gift, back to the land, for land protection, restoration, and justice.
Empty Bodies, Limited Minds
Child malnutrition, especially in children under five years of age, is a problem that seriously affects a country's development. This research seeks to help reduce child malnutrition, since early childhood is key for physical growth and intellectual and emotional development, which depend on adequate nutrition. In Ecuador, 27.2% of children under two years of age suffer from chronic malnutrition, which impacts not only their development, but also the country's long-term productivity. The lack of adequate nutrition before the age of five results in lower weight and height indexes, and has a negative impact on their physical and intellectual health. Malnutrition is not only due to a lack of food, but also to parents' lack of knowledge about how to feed their children correctly, which aggravates damage to the body, including possible negative effects on the brain due to nutrient deficiencies.
Artificial insemination of pigs in Burkina Faso
This book is a study written as part of a master's thesis. As such, it complies with scientific requirements and provides the reader with information on the first pig seed production trials in Burkina Faso.The demand for pork in Burkina Faso is growing all the time, against a backdrop of low productivity for existing breeds. The development of pork production requires the use of animal biotechnologies. The aim of this study is to contribute to improving the productivity of the pig species in Burkina Faso. Pig semen technology was developed at the Loumbila breeding station. The methodology consisted in training and collecting semen from 08 pure-bred boars introduced at the station. The semen was subjected to macroscopic and microscopic analysis to assess its quality and guide decision-making on its conservation and use in artificial insemination. The number of ejaculates collected was 33, with a total volume of 4296.5 ml from 5 boars aged [15 - 16] months that had repressed favorably.
Sterilization Protocol for In-vitro Propagation of Date Palm
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an economically and culturally significant fruit-bearing tree widely cultivated in arid regions for its nutritional, medicinal, and religious importance. However, its propagation faces numerous challenges due to its slow growth, dioecious nature, and limited availability of offshoots, which are traditionally used for vegetative propagation. As a result, there is increasing interest in in vitro propagation techniques, which offer a promising alternative to conventional methods. However, two major constraints in in vitro propagation are seed dormancy and microbial contamination, both of which significantly affect germination rates and seedling development.
Industrial waste from granite sawmills in soil fertility
Brazil has large reserves of granite and great potential for its industrialization. However, the granite processing industries face problems with the generation of large quantities of waste, which cause environmental impacts. In order to do long-term work that respects the environment and human beings, several studies have been carried out on the reuse of this waste. Some of this material has been used for landfills in civil construction, as well as being applied as an alternative material in the manufacture of soil-cement bricks and refractory materials. Based on this, this book presents a study on the potential agricultural use of the tailings from the industrial activity of sawing granite blocks as a corrective for acidic soils, thus improving the chemical characteristics of the soil, and also as a source of nutrients for plants. Thus, this book presents the possibility of reusing this material in order to reduce the environmental impact generated by the granite processing industry, as well as offering an agricultural alternative for attributing value to the waste.
Willows (Salix) of Colorado
Colorado has a high diversity of willows (in the genus Salix) occurring from the alpine to the plains. This book describes 40 taxa (species, subspecies, & varieties) that occur in Colorado, covering native and non-native species, with color photographs of each, along with dichotomous keys to vegetative, floristic, and dormant material The aim of this work is to enable students, restoration ecologists, researchers, land managers, and amateur and professional botanists to successfully identify willows. 10% of proceeds go to the Colorado Native Plant Society (CoNPS.org)
Soil protein related to glomalin in soils from Cear獺
Due to the systematic nature of anthropogenic activities, combined with natural actions, the problem of soil degradation has been increasing and causing a marked process of desertification, which results in loss of biodiversity, erosion and lack of soil fertility. In view of this, the use of tools that indicate the stages of this degradation and recovery is necessary in order to enable proper management of these areas. In this way, the study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as a way of facilitating the recovery of degraded areas, has been increasing, especially due to the production of the soil protein glomalin, which is of great importance for the stability of aggregates and has great potential for use as an indicator of soil quality. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate glomalin-related soil protein concentrations in degraded and managed areas in the municipality of Irau癟uba-CE.
Tea Field Crop Management
This book presents a comprehensive guide to tea field crop management, detailing the historical, ecological, and agronomic aspects of tea cultivation, as well as addressing pest and disease control, weed management, disaster preparedness, and critical agricultural practices such as pruning, harvesting, and fertilization. A detailed account of the insect pest spectrum along with pest forecasting and monitoring strategies, the causes of pest outbreaks, methods for controlling pests is discussed. The diseases afflicting tea plants, including leaf, stem and root diseases. Weed management in tea plantations is explained. Details of disaster management in tea plantation, particularly focusing on drought, excessive rainfall, windstorms, and lightning strikes. Discussion on pruning with various types, cycles, and good practices to enhance productivity and plant health. Focused on harvesting techniques. It emphasizes the importance of tipping, plucking, and maintaining foliage, highlighting factors that influence shoot growth, plucking standards and details explores of plant nutrients and fertilization. This book will serve as a vital resource for both novice and experienced tea planters.
Morphology and Histochemistry of the Midgut of Anticarsia gemmatalis
The soybean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest of the soybean crop. To control this pest, techniques have been used such as biological control based on the nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) and plant resistance with cultivars that have a complex of defense substances present in resistant genotypes. Flavonoids such as rutin and genistein can act on the formation of fatty acids through the hydrolysis of phospholipids in cell membranes. Apparently rutin and genistein inhibit digestion in insects and in A. gemmatalis larvae they have an antibiotic effect and reduce survival. Some studies have shown that rutin and genistein in A. gemmatalis larvae resistant to the AgMNPV virus have increased mortality compared to susceptible larvae. This study describes the comparative morphology of susceptible and resistant populations to AgMNPV using light and scanning microscopy and histochemical studies.
The Khumi Ethnobotany
The Khumi community living in the Bandarban district of Bangladesh has long been an admiration of utilizes plants around them for various purposes and they depend on nature in their daily life. This dependency makes them aware of and utilize plants around them. They use the plants or plant parts for various purposes viz. medicine, food, shelter, clothing, dye, cosmetics, household articles, and crafts. They have also unique knowledge of edible plants. An ethnobotanical survey is carried out on the utilization of plants by the Khumi community of Bandarban districts, Bangladesh. The information has been documented by interviewing traditional herbalists, and various elderly men and women following different ethnobotanical methods. Data on 204 plant species with tribal names have been documented which are used for treating 42 diseases/illnesses and along with fruit, vegetable, ornamental, dye, additive, timber and other uses. These species, belonging to 174 genera under 76 families are listed alphabetically, each with vernacular names, English names, methods of preparation and mode of use. Each plant is also provided with its short botanical description.
The Socio-Economic Importance of Banana Culture
Fruit growing has grown a lot in recent years and has reached a prominent place on the national scene, both in terms of fresh fruit production and in the industrialization of juices, pulp and marketing, exports, job creation and income. It is an activity of great importance to the population both economically and socially, as it is one of the foods that is most present in our daily lives, as well as being a source of income for family farming. Given these facts, the banana, Musa spp., is one of the most important fruits in the world and is considered a complementary food in the diet of most of the population. The banana is of great social and economic importance, serving as a source of income for many farming families, generating jobs in the countryside and in the city and contributing to the development of the regions involved in its production.
Fishing's contribution to social and economic development
The aim of the project was to revive Itaja穩's historical and cultural heritage, which is fishing. Due to its excellent coastal location, the municipality of Itaja穩 has an important infrastructure for the growth and development of the fishing sector. The city of Itaja穩 is an important fishing center which, together with the other coastal cities of Santa Catarina, accounts for 90% of all industrial fishing production in Santa Catarina. As fishing is one of the oldest and most important professions for the livelihood of many families, it is essential that the activity is valued and stimulated in order to reach future generations. Some of the bodies responsible for the fishing sector have been losing ground and credibility. The Ministry of Fisheries itself has been abolished and is now under the responsibility of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, so it is up to society in general to cultivate and value this profession.
Women and Aquaculture in the 21st Century
The study was conducted to determine women participation in fisheries activities as a means of livelihood in Doma Local Government area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A total of sixty (60) women involved in fisheries activities were selected through purposive sampling technique in the study area. Primary data were collected through the use of structured questionnaire and personal interview of the respondents. Simple descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Results of the study showed that 33.3% of the respondents were within the active productive age of between 31 and 40 years. Majorities (63.3%) of the respondents were married, and about (40%) had 6-10 years' experience in fisheries activities. Result indicated that majority (33.35) of the respondents were engaged in smoked fish marketing while 26.7% were involved in fresh fish marketing. The result further revealed that majority of the respondents do not spend a kobo on transport, firewood, repair and maintenance, fuel, processed fish, purchase of fresh fish, fishing equipment, fridge, cooler, drums, bowls and rent on land and shops respectively.
Organomineral fertilization in watermelon cultivation in the semi-arid region of Paraiba
The high cost of inputs has been one of the main limitations to crop production among small and medium-sized farmers in the Alto Sert瓊o region of Para穩ba, given their low capital and the fact that they are often unable to keep up with technological developments in agriculture due to the low level of investment in their properties. Making agricultural production viable at competitive levels for small and medium-sized producers is a challenge and a contemporary reality and it is up to research institutions and universities, through investment in specific research, to meet this demand. In this context, and given the negative financial impact caused by the purchase of fertilizers, we propose developing this study as a way of providing scientific information to watermelon producers in the Alto Sert瓊o region of Para穩ba, thus enabling greater profitability and sustainability for this practice.
Influence of 2 sowing dates on agro-morphological parameters
Sweet-stem sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] is a plant traditionally grown around concessions in BURKINA FASO. Notwithstanding its low exploitation in Burkina Faso, sweet stem sorghum is full of potentialities, especially linked to its high accumulation of sugars in its stems and the quality of its fodder. The aim of this study was to determine a favorable sowing period for optimum expression of the agromorphological traits of sweet-stem sorghum and their response to variation in photoperiod. Thus, 29 genotypes from the gene bank of the Biosciences Laboratory of JOSEPH KIZERBO University were evaluated using 27 variables, including 07 qualitative and 20 quantitative variables in a Fisher block design with three replications. This study showed that all 07 qualitative variables and 02 quantitative variables, notably peduncle length and internode length (LPE, LOE), were not influenced by sowing date. However, 18 quantitative variables were influenced by sowing date.
The Impact of IFAD's CBARDP in Reducing Poverty Among Women
This book explores the impact of the Community Based Agricultural and Rural Development Programme (CBARDP), initiated by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), on poverty reduction among women in Kebbi State, Nigeria. It delves into how the program has empowered women through agricultural innovation, capacity building, and improved access to resources. By focusing on real-life case studies and statistical analyses, the book highlights the transformation in women's economic and social conditions, emphasizing sustainable agriculture and rural development. Additionally, it evaluates the challenges encountered and the ongoing need for targeted interventions. This work aims to serve as a resource for policymakers, development practitioners, and researchers interested in rural poverty alleviation and gender empowerment.
Study on Post Harvest Life of Certain Fruits and Vegetables
The objective of post-harvest handling is, therefore, the creation of an understanding of all the operations concerned from harvesting to distribution so as to enable people to apply the proper technology in each step and in such a way to minimize losses and maintain quality as high as possible during the distribution chain. vegetables and fruit preservation is a routine problem and orgainc preservation technique is the most suitable.
A Handbook of Zebrafish Overall
In contemporary research, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as a pivotal model organism due to their genetic similarities with humans, ease of genetic manipulation, and high reproductive rate. These attributes make them ideal for studies in toxicology and gerontology. This guide aims to provide comprehensive insights into the handling, maintenance, and experimental procedures involving zebrafish, ensuring accurate and reproducible results in scientific investigations. By adhering to these guidelines, researchers can effectively utilize zebrafish in understanding the impacts of various substances on health and aging, contributing to advancements in biomedical research.
Wild Edible Plants of Texas
As an expansion of the first volume, Wild Edible Plants of Texas: Volume 2 profiles the state's lesser-known and/or less common wild edible plants. This volume also gives greater focus to species that are not as caloric, but nevertheless edible, such as greens and herbaceous plant parts. Like Volume 1, the description of each plant's edible characteristics and preparation is the publication's primary aim. Secondary categories that help the reader to better understand the species under consideration are range and habitat, medicinal uses (if applicable), cautions, and special notes. Every profile is accompanied by a sustenance rating (low, medium, or high), collection timing and desired plant-part indicator, and county-by-county map-image. Finally, Volume 2 is accented by over 160 color photos and a general index. Plant List: Alligator Weed, Arugula, Bastard Cabbage, Beargrass, Beautyberry, Beech, Beefsteak Plant, Black Nightshade, Blueberry, Bristlemallow, Bittercress, Clearweed, Chickweed, Chinquapin, Creeping Cucumber, Dandelion, Desert Olive, Elm, Farkleberry, Greenbrier, Greenthread, Hawthorn, Honey Locust, Hedgehog Cactus, Hog Potato, Linden, Maple, Mayapple, Mullein, Paloverde, Panicgrass, Partridgeberry, Pellitory, Peppergrass, Pickerelweed, Pincushion Cactus, Plantain, Purslane, River Cane, Russian Olive, Salsify, Saltwort, Sea Purslane, Smartweed, Sow Thistle, Spatterdock, Spiderwort, Tumbleweed, Watercress, White Trout Lily, Wild Lettuce, Wild Rhubarb, Wild Rose, and Wolfberry.
Physical treatments in post-harvest of 'Thompson' Atemoia
This work seeks to invite the reader to interact in the difficulty of finding technologies that can positively affect the post-harvest durability of atemoia fruit (Annona x atemoya Mabb). Brazil suffers losses of more than 30% of its total fruit production. These losses are caused by various items related to the production chain, such as harvesting, packaging, transportation, storage and consumption. These losses are even more relevant if we consider that Brazil is the third largest fruit producer in the world, behind only China and India. Considering the importance of the possible financial losses linked to Brazilian agribusiness, which accounts for 30% of the country's GDP, this work is valuable because it evaluates three different post-harvest technologies linked to storage, an extremely important item for producers in terms of price seasonality, which directly interferes with improving their income and consequently the management of rural businesses.
ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF RICE WEEVIL, Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus
The rice weevil, S. oryzae is perhaps the most destructive pest of stored grains and products of cereals (Pruthi and Singh, 1948). It was reported that apart from rice it also attacks the stored grains of wheat, maize and sorghum. Its larvae and adults are internal feeder and cause a serious quantitative as well as qualitative loss to cereals grains. The rice weevil is a cosmopolitan insect originating supposedly in India and spreading all around the world through infested and ship-transported grains (Metcalf and Flint (1962). The rice weevil (S. oryzae) is considered a primary stored-grain insect pest in warm climate areas including India. Seed is the most vital and important input for crop production. It is necessary to protect the seeds through locally available plant products which are eco-friendly too. At present, many farmers use synthetic pesticides for protecting their stored grains. However, synthetic pesticides have a number of adverse-effects such as poisoning among handlers, toxic residues in food and feedstuff, ecological disruption as well as chronic and genetic illness (Dubey et al., 2007; Kumar et al., 2007).
Efficiency of nitrogen doses and shading in tomato cultivation
Several factors influence the productivity and final quality of tomato fruit. These include mineral nutrition and factors that interfere with the crop's growing environment, such as plant shading. In order to maintain the productivity and quality of tomato fruit during the crop's off-season in Rio Grande do Sul, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of nitrogen fertilization, shading and the interaction between the two factors on the agronomic performance of the tomato crop in a protected environment. The factors shading and N doses had an influence on the agronomic performance, productivity and fruit quality of tomatoes grown in a protected environment. In this experiment, the variables analyzed showed better responses when the plants were not shaded than when they were shaded. With regard to nitrogen, the application of the nutrient contributed to better plant growth and development, crop productivity and fruit quality up to a certain dose (150 kg ha-1 in the unshaded environment and 225 kg ha-1 in the shaded environment).
The Horticultural Notebook - A Manual for the Use of Horticultural Advisers, Gardeners, Nurserymen, Students, and all Horticulturists
Horticulture is the element of agriculture which encompasses the art, technology, science, and business of growing various types of plants. "The Horticultural Notebook" is a fantastic handbook designed for the horticulturalist, including chapters on everything they might need to know about growing, looking after, and marketing their plants and produce. Contents include: "Land Measure", "Scotch Land Measure", "Old Land Measure", "Lineal Measure", "Square Measure", "Solid or Cubic Measure", "Hay and Straw Weight", "Imperial Corn Measure", "Angular or Measures of Space", "Land Measuring and Mensuration", "Geometrical Definitions", "Mensuration", "Signs or Symbols", etc. Many vintage books such as this are becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. It is with this in mind that we are republishing this volume now in a modern, high-quality edition complete with the original text and artwork.
Sunflower fertilization
Senegal, a major groundnut producer, is facing increasing dependence on imported vegetable oils. In a context of food security, sunflower is emerging as a strategic crop to diversify local oil sources. This book explores in depth the effect of organo-mineral fertilization on sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) cultivation in the south-central groundnut basin, an area particularly hard hit by land degradation and declining rainfall.Through a study carried out at the experimental station of the Institut s矇n矇galais de recherches agricoles (ISRA) located in Nioro du Rip, the author analyzes the different fertilization plans and their impacts on the growth, yield and components of this oilseed plant. This work offers viable solutions for improving agricultural productivity while ensuring sustainable soil management. It is intended as an essential contribution to Senegal's efforts to achieve food self-sufficiency, while meeting the challenges of climate change.
Economic profitability of vegetable farms
The commune of Saint-Rapha禱l is a key area for vegetable production in the northern region, but it faces challenges that affect its profitability. This research analyzes the profitability of vegetable farms to identify influential factors. Data were collected from 113 farms and analyzed using specialized tools.The results show that 80% of operators are men, with an average age of 45, and that 71% of vegetables are destined for the market. In terms of classification, 10% of farms are destitute, 16% poor, 46% average, and 28% well-to-do. Total income amounts to 674,767.25 gourdes ($5,111), with profitability at 50%, while leek cultivation stands at 61%.Market gardeners are advised to give priority to leeks, improve infrastructure, strengthen their skills and develop agri-businesses to ensure the sustainability of production.
Economic evaluation of biogas production with swine waste
Biomass has the potential to become one of the most important renewable energy alternatives in the current scenario. It has an important role to play in climate management and policy today. Integrated bioenergy systems can help secure future energy supplies and provide a diversified energy matrix for both developed and developing countries. To mitigate climate change, bioenergy acts by reducing carbon dioxide and by progressively replacing fossil fuels with sustainable energy in the future. According to the Kyoto Protocol, the European Union has a target of reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 8% of the 1990 level between 2008 and 2012. It is also committed to increasing the share of renewable energies to 12% of gross energy consumption (Malkki and Virtanen, 2003; COM, 1997). In Brazil, based on the Kyoto Protocol, federal and state programs have been created to encourage sustainable food production, reducing the environmental damage caused by such activities.
Diet Therapy
Diet therapy is a specialized approach that utilizes nutrition to prevent, manage, and treat various health conditions. It involves creating tailored meal plans that take into account an individual's specific health needs, lifestyle factors, and dietary preferences. By assessing nutritional status and dietary habits, healthcare professionals can design effective strategies that promote better health outcomes.
Evolutionary Physiology of Algae and Aquatic Plants
Photosynthetic organisms have an enormous influence on our environment through their effects on the development of other life on Earth and the way they alter the planet's geology and geochemistry. This book takes a unique approach by examining the evolutionary history of the major groups of aquatic photoautotrophs in the context of the ecophysiological characteristics that have allowed them to adapt to the challenges of life in water and thrive under past and present environmental conditions. The important role played by aquatic photoautotrophs on a planet undergoing unprecedented anthropogenic-induced change is also highlighted, in chapters on their critical function in mitigating environmental change through their physiological processes, and on the role of algae in biotechnology. This invaluable resource will be appreciated by researchers and advanced students interested in the biodiversity and evolutionary physiology of the full range of aquatic photoautotrophs, and their interaction with the environment.
