Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology in Volcanic Fields
Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology in Volcanic Fields includes keynote lectures and papers from the 5th International Workshop on Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology in Volcanic Fields (RMEGV2021, Fukuoka, Japan, 9-10 September 2021). This book deals with challenging studies related to solving engineering issues around volcanic fields, including: Volcanic geology, disasters and their mitigation Resources and energy in volcanic fields Mechanical behavior of volcanic rocks and soils Groundwater and environmental problems in volcanic fields Geotechnical engineering in volcanic fields Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology in Volcanic Fields is of great interest to civil engineers and engineering geologists working in the areas of rock and soil mechanics, geotechnical engineering, geothermal energy, engineering geology, and environmental science.
Dam Surveillance - Lessons Learnt From Case Histories / Surveillance des Barrages - Le癟ons Tir矇es d’?tudes de cas
ICOLD Bulletin 180 presents the vast experience gained over the past 6 decades by the dam engineering community in the field of dam surveillance by means of 80 case histories. The case histories cover a wide variety of technical aspects and deal with success stories but also incidents, and aim to learn from these practical experiences.
Dams Safety and Society
This book addresses current international practices applied for dam safety assessments by looking at a portfolio of dam safety projects in various developing countries (Armenia, Georgia, Tajikistan, Mauritius, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Vietnam) spread across three continents (Europe, Africa and Asia). Safety assessment involved the review of 134 existing dams and comparison with the best international practices. A large part of dam safety assessment involves understanding of dam hazards, standards applied in the design and maintenance, as well as expectation and social circumstances under which the dams have been designed and constructed in a particular country. For example, standards for design floods, ground investigation, selection of design soil parameters and design earthquakes etc. used are often either non-existent or inadequate, which could lead to an unsafe design. If there are no standards to be applied in dam design and construction, consultants are often under pressure from clients to come up with minimalistic investigation and designs, which, after a few years after dam construction, show signs of deficiencies. Very often countries have no regulations and standards for requirements that should cover the maintenance and operation of dams. The book also describes the Portfolio Risk Assessment of Dams, which can be used as a tool by clients and the funding agencies to identify priority assessment and rehabilitation projects that consider societal and economic losses. It also demonstrates how the implementation of Emergency Preparedness Planning could significantly reduce the number of people at risk. This book aims to help clients, consultants and funding agencies which are engaged in dam safety assessment projects in developing countries to focus on issues that are based on past lessons learnt.
Ergonomics Principles in Design
Ergonomics Principles in Design: An Illustrated Fundamental Approach touches upon different ergonomic principles in design and then showcases with examples where and how they have been applied. Each chapter covers one aspect of design and emphasizes its application in the real world, such as the ergonomic design of the interface of a blood pressure monitor and the ergonomic interface of a moving ticket vending machine. Discusses all aspects of design from product, space, and communication. Includes many self-explanatory assignments for better understanding. Highlights practice sessions at the end of each chapter with design directions to help the readers. Demonstrates ergonomics principles with the help of real-life examples. Focusses on the application of ergonomic principles in design in the form of studio assignments. 　 The text covers the application of ergonomic principles in diverse areas of design, like product, space, and communication in a single volume. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and professionals in the fields of ergonomics, human factors, occupational health and safety, and industrial and manufacturing engineering.
Laboratory Tests for Unsaturated Soils
The testing of unsaturated soils requires greater care and effort than that of saturated soils. Although unsaturated soil mechanics has been embraced by geotechnical engineering, engineering practice has not yet caught up as the characterization of unsaturated soils is difficult and time-consuming, and made harder still by a lack of standards. Laboratory Tests for Unsaturated Soils collates test procedures to cover all laboratory tests for characterising unsaturated soils. It covers the background, theory, test procedures, and interpretation of test results. Each test procedure is broken down into simple stages and described in detail. The pitfalls of each test and the interpretation of the test results are explained. Test data and calculation methods are given, along with many numerical examples to illustrate the methods of interpretation and to offer the presentation of typical results. The book is especially useful for students and researchers who are new to the field and provides a practical handbook for engineering applications.
Thermomechanical Pulp
This book provides an in-depth review of refiner-based mechanical pulping technology, specifically thermomechanical pulp (TMP) technology. The authors offer a readable and straightforward discussion of the technology, energy requirements, pulp quality characteristics, and morphological aspects of the thermomechanical pulping process. It is intended primarily to provide a useful introduction to young process engineers working in mechanical pulp mills in the early stages of their careers but with sufficient detail to provide the reader with a broader understanding of the overall process. University undergraduates as well as postgraduate students may also find this book to be a reliable resource. In addition, technologists and technical sales staff employed by equipment and chemical suppliers supporting the mechanical pulping industry will gain an improved understanding of the technology.This book offers a detailed overview of issues related to the market demand and production of high-yield market pulp, including wood composition and fibre morphology, the refining, screening and bleaching processes, and energy-saving approaches that reduce energy reliance without compromising quality. The authors provide a sound foundation for successful TMP plant operation as well as a reasonable starting point for any investigation into pulp-quality issues that may arise due to changes in chip supply or TMP plant operating parameters.
Occupational Exposures
Occupational Exposures: Chemical Carcinogens and Mutagens offers a focused emphasis on chemical exposures associated with carcinogenic and mutagenic impacts along with associated controls for mitigating and controlling exposures. It discusses a range of topics including hematopoietic system impact, reproductive system impact, inorganic compounds, halogenated compounds, carbamates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, product elimination and substation, exposure control methods, and human biological impact. Presents a comprehensive account of carcinogens and mutagens for occupational and environmental health professionals Covers preventive measures and controls for carcinogens and mutagens Discusses exposure controls, exposure pathways, impacts, and treatments The book is ideal for professionals and graduate students in the fields of occupational health and safety, industrial engineering, and chemical engineering.
Fundamentals of Fire Protection for the Safety Professional, Third Edition
Fundamentals of Fire Protection for the Safety Professional takes an in-depth look at fire hazards in the workplace and provides practical fire safety principles that can be applied in any work environment. Readers learn how to develop a comprehensive fire program management plan.
Viet Nam’s Ecosystem for Technology Startups
This report examines Viet Nam's tech-based startups in two sectors: agriculture and health. It assesses the challenges for creating a more enabling ecosystem to scale up startups in these sectors and makes recommendations to overcome them. Technology-based startup enterprises are an increasingly important part of the business landscape in Asia and the Pacific. By applying innovative technologies to create new products and services, they can make a significant contribution to economic development while generating social and environmental benefits. However, to survive and then thrive, tech startups require an enabling ecosystem that includes supportive government policy, adequate access to capital, skilled personnel, and quality digital infrastructure. This is the third country report in the series ""Ecosystems for Technology Startups in Asia and the Pacific.
A Guide to Fire and Gas Detection Design in Hazardous Industries
In the last 15 years, the field of fire and gas mapping has grown extensively, yet very little is published on the subject. The text includes deeper discussions on important engineering factors associated with fire and gas detection, along with anecdotes and examples. It will guide the readers on what to consider when you do not have access to proprietary guides, and how to interpret the design process even when one does not have access to a guidance document. The text covers important topics including visual flame detection, flame detection mapping, infrared point gas detector (IRPGD), infrared open path gas detector (OPGD), ultrasonic/acoustic design, and gas detection mapping. The book plays the following roles: Explores practical aspects of designing a detection layout Enables users in interpreting a detector data sheet and coverage analysis Teaches readers working on a project to cut through the marketing of detection and design an effective system Inclusion of real-life experiences on projects will provide engineers with clear examples of where things can, and often do, go wrong It is an ideal text for professionals and graduate students working in the fields of occupational health and safety, fire protection engineering, and environmental safety. The text discusses fundamental aspects of fire and gas mapping, which has been applied with great success in many parts of the world and is commonly adopted by the major operators in the process industries.
Sink or Float
Why do some things sink and others float? Simple text introduces readers to key science curriculum, and commentary from Sesame Street characters makes the learning fun. About the Sesame Street (R) World of Science series: Explore the wonderful world of science! Ernie, Big Bird, and the rest of your Sesame Street friends make key science concepts like color, light and shadow, and states of matter accessible and engaging for young learners.
Human Factors Engineering and Ergonomics
This textbook comprehensively covers the basic principles and most recent advances regarding visual displays, auditory and tactile displays and controls; psychophysics; cognitive processes; human-computer interaction, artificial intelligence and artificial life; stress and human performance; occupational accidents and prevention; human group dynamics and complex systems; and anthropometry, workspace and environmental design. The systems perspective emphasizes nonlinear dynamics for system performance changes and emergent behaviours of complex person-machine systems.This book- - Surveys principles of conventional and computer-based machine interaction. - Assesses the relative effectiveness of accident analysis and prevention strategies. - Highlights nonlinear dynamics for system performance changes. - Examines artificial intelligence and complex systems. - Investigates sources of cognitive workload and fatigue. The textbook will be a valuable resource for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in diverse fields including ergonomics, human factors, cognitive science, computer science, operations management, and psychology. The textbook brings together core principles of person-machine interaction, accident analysis and prevention strategies, risk analysis and resilience, artificial intelligence, group dynamics, and nonlinear dynamics for an enhanced understanding of complex person-machine systems.
Factories of the Future
The manufacturing world is undergoing a massive digital transformation. Smart and connected infrastructures powered by artificial intelligence are bringing about yet another industrial revolution. Data based innovation is creating unprecedented opportunities for optimizing processes and gaining competitive advantage through new business models. In this book, we follow the magnificent story of the first three industrial revolutions in the tracks of great scientists, engineers and industrialists of yesterday, all the way up to cyber physical systems that will redefine the manufacturing value chain. Smart manufacturing revolution is rebuilding the factory from the ground up, changing old ways of doing business. Join me on this journey where we cover all the basic concepts and enabling technologies, then move on to formulate viable strategies on the path to Industry 4.0; for creating the Factories of the Future.
Seismic Performance of Asymmetric Building Structures
Seismic Performance of Asymmetric Building Structures presents detailed investigations on the effective assessment of structural seismic response under excessive torsional vibrations, demonstrating behavioural aspects from local response perspective to global seismic demands. The work provides comprehensive analytical, computational, experimental investigations, and proposes improved design guidelines that structural engineers can utilize to enhance the seismic design of asymmetric building structures.Combining extensive experimental and numerical data stock for seismic performance assessment with a particular focus on asymmetric building structures, the book includes: - An overview of asymmetric building structures from seismic damage perspective- Local and global performance assessment of asymmetric structures under extreme seismic actions- Post-earthquake damage evaluation from varying frequency trends - Extended numerical applications for experimental response validations- Evaluation of critical regions of asymmetric structure with stress concentration- Statistical distribution of seismic response under varying design parameters- Design guidelines for asymmetric building structures This work's comprehensive evaluations are carried out with modern sensing techniques planned with meticulous attention to cover objectives with a particular focus on asymmetry in reinforced concrete and steel structures. It assesses various aspects of asymmetric building structures that are rarely dealt with in the current literature. It gathers fruitful information from various building design codes and explains their limitations in addressing damage-related challenges, which is not only useful for practicing engineers but also for academics. The book will be invaluable for experts, researchers, students and practitioners from relevant areas, as well as for emergency preparedness managers.
Practical Root Cause Failure Analysis
Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) is a method used by maintenance and reliability industry professionals as one of the key tools to drive improvement. This book offers a quick guide to the applications involved in performing a successful RCFA by providing a foundational view of maintenance and reliability strategies. It also highlights the practical applications of RCFA and identifies how to achieve a successful RCFA, as well as discussing common equipment failures and how to solve them. Case studies on topics including pump system failure analysis and vibration analysis are included. Suggests examples on how to solve common failure on many types of equipment, including fatigue, pumps, bearings, and mechanical power transmission Highlights practical applications of RCFA Identifies key elements for how to achieve a successful RCFA Presents case studies on topics including pump system failure analysis and vibration analysis The book is a must-read for any reliability engineer, particularly mechanical reliability professionals.
Risk-Taking, Prevention and Design
Most approaches that contribute to the design of life-critical systems almost only consider nominal situations where procedures can be developed and used to achieve satisfactory operations. These kinds of approaches lead to rigid ways of doing things and poorly address the needs for flexibility, especially when things go wrong. It is not a matter of human adaptation but of human systems integration (HSI) flexibility. HSI flexibility requires cross-fertilization of appropriate experiences combined with creativity. This book provides risk-management approaches and methods for combining prevention and design. Features: Discusses risk-management approaches and methods for combining prevention and design Examines a transdisciplinary approach to risk management in design and operations of safer life-critical systems Proposes an approach of work analysis during design, which enables design teams to consider HSI issues early enough to fix organizational problems upstream Teaches the combination of prevention and design for safety management This book gathers and analyzes relevant field data to rationalize human and systems activity in various life-critical environments and workplaces, in a systemic manner, and in a variety of safety domains (e.g., aviation, road, navy, manufacturing, hospital, transportation, defense, sport). It further formalizes and analyzes risk-taking experience, expertise, stories about critical events, and scientific and professional literature data to help engineering designers, managers, and health and safety specialists. The text is primarily written for graduate students and professionals working in the fields of occupational health and safety, ergonomics, human factors, cognitive engineering, and human-system integration.
Hydraulic Systems Volume 5
Safety and maintenance are very important experience to whoever involved in designing, commissioning, operating, and servicing hydraulic systems. Gaining such experience help to avoid future unexpected shutdowns, hence improve system reliability and safety of work environment. This book introduces the concept and best practices of hydraulic components and system maintenance.This book is targeting industry professionals who are in charge of operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting hydraulic systems. This book is also a great resource for mechanical engineers and service manuals technical writers. The books start by introducing best practices for safe design, commissioning, operating and servicing hydraulic components. The book then presents the maintenance concepts and measuring instruments commonly applicable for hydraulic system maintenance. The book follows that by presenting five sets of best practices for each of the following components: pumps, motors, cylinders valves, accumulators, reservoirs, transmission lines, heat exchangers, and filters. It is to be noted that, the listed best practices and maintenance actions are based on the author's experience and may not be applicable in each case. Therefore, the author is highly recommending reviewing the instructions from component and system manufacturers as considered the main and first source of information. This book is colored and has the size of standard A4. The book contains a total of twelve chapters distributed over 350 pages with very demonstrative figures and tables. The contents of the book are brand non-biased and intends to introduce the latest technologies related to the subject of the book. The book is the fifth in a series that the author plans to publish to offer a complete and comprehensive teaching curriculum for fluid power industry. The book is associated with a separate colored workbook. The workbook contains printed power point slides, chapter reviews and assignments.The book presents five sets of best practices for each of the following components: pumps, motors, cylinders valves, accumulators, reservoirs, transmission lines, heat exchangers, and filters. The five sets of best practices are as follows: 禮 BP-X Components-01-Selection and Replacement禮 BP-X Components-02-Maintenance Scheduling禮 BP-X Components-03-Installation and Maintenance Practices禮 BP-X Components-04-Standard Tests and Calibration禮 BP-X Components-05-Transportation and Storage
Turbulence in Open Channels and River Flows
Turbulence in Open Channel and River Flows covers turbulence and related fluid mechanics in open-channel flows, addressing both basic mechanisms and their applications. It helps readers understand the organized motion involved in turbulent flow and apply this understanding to the practice of hydraulic engineering, including mass and sediment transport. Chapters cover mathematical expansion procedures and basic fluid mechanics to help readers understand essentially physical phenomena, and present special techniques for measurement and accurate direct observation of open-channel turbulence in laboratory flumes or natural rivers. Topics related to environmental management and turbulence-related disasters are addressed. Includes detailed mathematical expansions and supporting supplements in an appendix Presents the mathematics and fluid mechanics needed to understand turbulence in open channels Includes experimental topics from the author's research, encouraging readers to measure and accurately observe turbulence in laboratories and rivers The book is ideal for graduate students, researchers and engineers in hydraulics and hydromechanics.
Operation of Hydraulic Structures of Dams / Exploitation Des Structures Hydrauliques de Barrages
This bulletin 178, Operation of Hydraulic Structures of Dams, is an update of Bulletin 49A (1986), which was the second edition of Bulletin 49 (1984). The current update was prepared using developments and progress made in the last 30 years with operation equipment, staff building and training, and regulatory requirements. Bulletin 178 addresses the need for safe reservoir discharge under a variety of conditions, the dam operator's staffing, evaluation (inspection) of the condition of operating equipment, and operation during unusual or extreme conditions. The operation during unusual or extreme conditions is generally focused on flood and the current abilities to predict significant precipitation events, monitor the flood approach and impact, and communicate and implement the actions needed for safe operation. An annex is provided with seven case studies that provide relevant histories for the subject matter. Ce Bulletin 178 est une mise ? jour du Bulletin 49A (1986) qui 矇tait la deuxi癡me 矇dition du Bulletin 49 (1984). Cette mise ? jour a 矇t矇 pr矇par矇e en consid矇rant les d矇veloppements et les progr癡s r矇alis矇s au cours des 30 derni癡res ann矇es sur l'矇quipement d'exploitation, la constitution des 矇quipes, la formation du personnel ainsi que les exigences r矇glementaires. Le bulletin traite de la n矇cessit矇 d'un d矇versement s矇curitaire du r矇servoir dans diverses conditions, de la dotation en personnel de l'exploitant du barrage, de l'矇valuation (inspection) de l'矇tat de l'矇quipement d'exploitation et de l'exploitation dans des conditions inhabituelles ou extr礙mes. L'op矇ration dans des conditions inhabituelles ou extr礙mes est g矇n矇ralement ax矇e sur les crues et la capacit矇 actuelle de pr矇voir les pr矇cipitations importantes, afin de surveiller l'approche et l'impact des inondations, de communiquer avec le public pour mettre en oeuvre les mesures n矇cessaires ? une exploitation s矇curitaire. Une annexe pr矇sente sept 矇tudes de cas qui fournissent des ant矇c矇dents pertinents pour le sujet.
Rail Infrastructure Resilience
Economic growth, security and sustainability across Europe are at risk due to ageing railway infrastructure systems. At present, the majority of such systems are aging and some have even reached their initial design lives. These issues align with a major challenge in civil engineering: how to restore and improve urban infrastructure and built environments. Policy, environmental and physical barriers must be addressed and overcome. The complex and interconnected nature of the problem means that there is a need for academia, industry, communities and governments to work collaboratively. The challenges posed by extreme events from natural and man-made disasters are urgent. Rail Infrastructure Resilience: A Best-Practices Handbook presents developed improvement methods for rail infrastructure systems, toward resilience to extreme conditions. It shows how best to use new information in the engineering design, maintenance, construction and renewal of rail infrastructure resilience, through knowledge exchange and capability development. The book presents the outcome of a major European research project, known as the RISEN project. RISEN aimed to enhance knowledge creation and transfer using both international and intersectoral secondment mechanisms among European Advanced Rail Research Universities and SMEs, and Non-EU, leading rail universities, providing methodological approaches and practical tools for restoring and improving railway infrastructure systems for extreme events. Edited and written by members of this project, this book will be essential reading for researchers and practitioners hoping to find practical solutions to the challenges of rail infrastructure resilience.
Distributed Real-Time Architecture for Mixed-Criticality Systems
This book describes a cross-domain architecture and design tools for networked complex systems where application subsystems of different criticality coexist and interact on networked multi-core chips. The architecture leverages multi-core platforms for a hierarchical system perspective of mixed-criticality applications. This system perspective is realized by virtualization to establish security, safety and real-time performance. The impact further includes a reduction of time-to-market, decreased development, deployment and maintenance cost, and the exploitation of the economies of scale through cross-domain components and tools.Describes an end-to-end architecture for hypervisor-level, chip-level, and cluster level. Offers a solution for different types of resources including processors, on-chip communication, off-chip communication, and I/O. Provides a cross-domain approach with examples for wind-power, health-care, and avionics. Introduces hierarchical adaptation strategies for mixed-criticality systemsProvides modular verification and certification methods for the seamless integration of mixed-criticality systems.Covers platform technologies, along with a methodology for the development process. Presents an experimental evaluation of technological results in cooperation with industrial partners.The information in this book will be extremely useful to industry leaders who design and manufacture products with distributed embedded systems in mixed-criticality use-cases. It will also benefit suppliers of embedded components or development tools used in this area. As an educational tool, this material can be used to teach students and working professionals in areas including embedded systems, computer networks, system architecture, dependability, real-time systems, and avionics, wind-power and health-care systems.
Designing Small Weapons
This book focuses on developing small weapons, following the lifecycle of a firearm from design to manufacture. It demonstrates how modern technologies can be used at every stage of the process, such as design methodologies, CAD/CAE/CAM software, rapid prototyping, test benches, materials, heat and surface treatments, and manufacturing processes. Several case studies are presented to provide detailed considerations on developing specific topics. Small weapons are designed to be carried by one person; examples are pistols, revolvers, rifles, carbines, shotguns, and submachine guns. Beginning with a review of the history of weapons from ancient to modern times, this book builds on this by mapping out recent innovations and state-of-the-art technologies that have advanced small weapon design. Presenting a comprehensive guide to computer design tools used by weapon engineers, this book demonstrates the capabilities of modern software at all stages of the process, looking at the computer-aided design, engineering, and manufacturing. It also details the materials used to create small weapons, notably steels, engineering polymers, composites, and emerging materials. Manufacturing processes, both conventional and unconventional, are discussed, for example, casting, powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing, and heat and surface treatments. This book is essential reading to those in the field of weapons, such as designers, workers in research and development, engineering and design students, students at military colleges, sportsmen, hunters, and those interested in firearms. Dr. Jose Martin Herrera-Ramirez is a military engineer with experience in the field of weapon and ammunition development. After receiving his PhD in Materials Science and Engineering from the Paris School of Mines in France, he was the head of the Applied Research Center and Technology Development for the Mexican Military Industry (CIADTIM). He now researches the development of metallic alloys and composites at the Research Center for Advanced Materials (CIMAV) in Chihuahua, Mexico. Dr. Luis Adrian Zu簽iga-Aviles is a military engineer with wide experience in the field of weapon and ammunition development. He was head of the prototypes and simulation departments at the Applied Research Center and Technology Development for the Mexican Military Industry (CIADTIM) and head of engineering of the Production directorate. He received his PhD in Science and Technology on Mechatronics from the Center for Engineering and Industrial Development (CIDESI) in Queretaro, Mexico. He now researches the new product design and development for military application, machinery, robotics, and medical devices in the Faculty of Medicine at the Autonomous University of Mexico State (UAEMex) and the Faculty of Engineering at UAEMex as part of the Researchers for Mexico program CONACYT.
Productivity and Reliability-Based Maintenance Management, Second Edition
Productivity and Reliability-Based Maintenance Management, Second Edition is intended to provide a strong yet practical foundation for understanding the concepts and practices of total productive maintenance (TPM) management--a proactive asset and resource management strategy that is based on enhancing equipment reliability and overall enterprise productivity. The book is intended to serve as a fundamental yet comprehensive educational and practical guide for departing from the wait-failure-emergency repair cycle that has plagued too many industries, instead advancing a proactive and productive maintenance strategy. It is not intended to be a how-to-fix-it manual, but rather emphasizes the concept of a world-class maintenance management philosophy to avoid the failure in the first place. Universities, junior and community colleges, and technical institutes as well as professional, corporate, and industrial training programs can benefit by incorporating these fundamental concepts in their technical and managerial curricula. The book can serve as a powerful educational tool for students as well as for maintenance professionals and managers. In addition to updating the previous historical and statistical data and tables, the second edition expands on and adds to case studies based on current maintenance-related events. Several numerical examples and explanations are revised in order to enhance the clarity of the methodology. The second edition introduces the readers to the state-of-the-art concepts of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart sensors, and their application to maintenance and TPM.
Consolidation Analyses of Soils
When stresses are applied to saturated soil, deformation will occur as water in voids is squeezed out. Consolidation Analyses of Soils focuses on the consolidation of fully saturated soils. The book follows a classic approach by beginning with one-dimensional constitutive relations of soils and one-dimensional consolidation. It then moves on to analytical solutions to several one-dimensional consolidation problems and one-dimensional finite strain consolidation. The authors also present a finite element method for consolidation analysis of one-dimensional problems, analytical solutions to consolidation of soil with vertical drains, and a finite difference method for consolidation analysis of one-dimensional problems. Simplified methods for consolidation analysis of soils exhibiting creep are introduced and applied to different cases. Three-dimensional consolidation equations and solutions of typical three-dimensional consolidation problems are covered, as well as simplified finite element consolidation analysis of soils with vertical drain and finite element method for three-dimensional consolidation problems. The book is unique in that it covers both classic solutions and state-of-the-art work in consolidation analyses of soils. AuthorsJian-Hua Yin is Chair Professor of Soil Mechanics in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.Guofu Zhu is a Professor in the Department of Engineering Structures and Mechanics at Wuhan University of Technology, China.
Text-Book on Highway Engineering
Historical review, Preliminary Investigations, Surveying and mapping, Design, Drainage, Foundations, Earth and sand clay roads, Gravel roads, Broken stone roads, Bituminous materials, Dust prevention by the use of palliatives, Bituminous surfaces, Bituminous gravel and bituminous macadam pavements, Bituminous concrete pavements, Sheet asphalt and rock asphalt pavements, Wood block pavements, Stone block pavements, Brick pavements, Concrete pavements, Miscellaneous roads and pavements, Street cleaning and show removal, Car tracks, Pipe systems, Comparison of roads and pavements, Sidewalks, curves, and gutters, Bridges, culverts, and guads rails, Economics, administration, and legislation,
Workbook 5
This Workbook is a complementary part to the textbook of the same title. This book is used as a workbook for students to take notes during the course delivery. It contains colored printout of the PowerPoint slides that are designed to present the course. Each chapter is followed by a number of review questions and assignments for homework.
Coasts and Estuaries: Management and Engineering
Coastlines, like many things around us, are constantly evolving. Keeping pace with the changes and their development is necessary to ensure their stability and to maintain eco-equilibrium for nearshore hydrodynamics and morphodynamics. Supported with field measurements for model validation, several numerical and analytical tools are available to us to understand the physical processes in the vicinity of these water bodies.This book encompasses the engineering principles involved in field data observation, measurement, collection, and processing; the prediction of wave climate and sediment transport using measured field data; numerical modelling involving calibration and validation of the hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes; and the study of the underlying physical processes and the application of sustainable engineering measures to combat coast- and estuary-related problems.The book has three sections: The first section is an elaboration on the need for and framework of the existing management and engineering notions. The second section details the measurement of the various parameters such as wave climate (offshore and nearshore), shoreline changes, beach profile variation, and sediment transport rates. The third section describes the aspects of wave prediction to arrive at design characteristics and modelling of the hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes along open coasts and tidal inlets.This book is designed to benefit students pursuing coastal engineering as their field of specialization. It could also serve as a guidebook to engineers, planners, and decision makers working in the fields of coastal, estuarine, and harbour engineering, governmental and private agencies that plan the financial outlay for coastal development projects, and private consultants dealing with maritime hydraulics.
Visualizing Dynamic Systems
This book is aimed to help instructional designers, science game designers, science faculty, lab designers, and content developers in designing interactive learning experiences using emerging technologies and cyberlearning. The proposed solutions are for undergraduate and graduate scientific communication, engineering courses, scientific research communication, and workforce training. Reviewing across the science education literature reveals various aspects of unresolved challenges or inabilities in the visualization of scientific concepts. Visuospatial thinking is the fundamental part of learning sciences; however, promoting spatial thinking has not been emphasized enough in the educational system (Hegarty, 2014). Cognitive scientists distinguish between the multiple aspects of spatial ability and stresse that various problems or disciplines require different types of spatial skills. For example, the spatial ability to visualize anatomy cross-sections is significantly associated with mental rotation skills. The same is true for physical problems that often deal with spatial representations. However, most of the physics problems are marked by dynamicity, and visualizing dynamicity is inferred by the integrations of different participating components in the system. Therefore, what is needed for learning dynamicity is visualizing the mental animation of static episodes. This book is a leap into designing framework for using mixed reality (XR) technologies and cyberlearning in communicating advanced scientific concepts. The intention is to flesh out the cognitive infrastructure and visuospatial demands of complex systems and compare them in various contexts and disciplines. The practical implementation of emerging technology can be achieved by foreseeing each XR technology's affordances and mapping those out to the cognitive infrastructure and visuospatial demands of the content under development.
Philosophy and Engineering Education
Pragmatism attends to the practical outcomes of what we think and do, the social community in which we practice, and the bases of experience to inform our ideas and practices. Practice theories help explain what we do as complex systems of activity. Together, pragmatism and practice theories help broaden our understanding of the nature of engineering work as a social practice having important consequences for individuals and society. The practical nature of engineering embedded in our complex social and community systems is emphasized. Of all the pragmatists John Dewey's influence on education has been the most profound.He promoted social democracy in education. Although he founded experimental schools with this as their goal of major interest, to engineering educators his promotion of problem solving through a form of inquiry is his major attraction. Its modern embodiment is problem-based learning. It requires teachers to become facilitators of learning rather than transmitters of knowledge. How, within the framework of a traditionally oriented curriculum Dewey's epistemology of inquiry-based learning might be introduced is discussed. Lonergan's basic method of the human mind underlying specialized methods offers a basis for a unified theory and pedagogy of engineering. It also provides for a conception of engineering that gives due recognition to its ethical character and to the need for engineering virtues. This knowing-based view of engineering, focused on "engineering insight," provides the basis for a core, discipline-neutral approach to engineering.It proposes an engineering education centered on norms inherent to the knowing process, specifically attentiveness and intentionality. These norms in turn provide a source for defining and developing engineering virtues and character.
The Engineering Design Challenge
The Engineering Design Challenge addresses teaching engineering design and presents design projects for first-year students and interdisciplinary design ventures. A short philosophy and background of engineering design is discussed. The organization of the University of Wyoming first-year Introduction to Engineering program is presented with an emphasis on the first-year design challenges. These challenges are presented in a format readily incorporated in other first-year programs. The interdisciplinary design courses address the institutional constraints and present organizational approaches that resolve these issues. Student results are summarized and briefly assessed. A series of short intellectual problems are included to initiate discussion and understanding of design issues. Sample syllabi, research paper requirements, and oral presentation evaluation sheets are included.
Crafting Your Research Future
What is it like to be a researcher or a scientist? For young people, including graduate students and junior faculty members in universities, how can they identify good ideas for research? How do they conduct solid research to verify and realize their new ideas? How can they formulate their ideas and research results into high-quality articles, and publish them in highly competitive journals and conferences? What are effective ways to supervise graduate students so that they can establish themselves quickly in their research careers? In this book, Ling and Yang answer these questions in a step-by-step manner with specific and concrete examples from their first-hand research experience. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Preface / Basics of Research / Goals of Ph.D. Research / Getting Started: Finding New Ideas and Organizing Your Plans / Conducting Solid Research / Writing and Publishing Papers / Misconceptions and Tips for Paper Writing / Writing and Defending a Ph.D. Thesis / Life After Ph.D. / Summary / References / Author Biographies
Concise Introduction to Cement Chemistry and Manufacturing
This book is designed to be used in an introductory sophomore-level undergraduate course in chemical engineering, civil engineering, industrial engineering, chemistry, and/or industrial chemistry. Senior-level students in resource development, soil science, and geology might also find this book useful. In addition, it is our hope that even advanced mathematics-oriented high school seniors might find the material easy to master as well. This book emphasizes concepts, definitions, chemical equations, and descriptions with which some chemical science professionals struggle. It stresses the importance of maintaining uniformly high standards in pure chemical science and manufacturing technology while still keeping in mind that procedures that might seem strange also yield results that prove effective.
Relativistic Flight Mechanics and Space Travel
Relativistic Flight Mechanics and Space Travel is about the fascinating prospect of future human space travel. Its purpose is to demonstrate that such ventures may not be as difficult as one might believe and are certainly not impossible. The foundations for relativistic flight mechanics are provided in a clear and instructive manner by using well established principles which are used to explore space flight possibilities within and beyond our galaxy. The main substance of the book begins with a background review of Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity as it pertains to relativistic flight mechanics and space travel. The book explores the dynamics and kinematics of relativistic space flight from the point of view of the astronauts in the spacecraft and compares these with those observed by earth's scientists and engineers-differences that are quite surprising. A quasi historical treatment leads quite naturally into the central subject areas of the book where attention is focused on various issues not ordinarily covered by such treatment. To accomplish this, numerous simple thought experiments are used to bring rather complicated subject matter down to a level easily understood by most readers with an engineering or science background. The primary subjects regarding photon rocketry and space travel are covered in some depth and include a flight plan together with numerous calculations represented in graphical form. A geometric treatment of relativistic effects by using Minkowski diagrams is included for completeness. The book concludes with brief discussions of other prospective, even exotic, transport systems for relativistic space travel. A glossary and simple end-of-chapter problems with answers enhance the learning process.
Strategic Cost Fundamentals
This book is designed to introduce designers, engineers, technologists, estimators, project managers, and financial analysts as well as students in engineering and business to strategic cost tools for project cost evaluations. The three main sections are as follows. (1) Cost Relationships, Financial Statements, and Performance Measures--This section describes the relationships between cash flows and profits; the relationships between financial statements and the Purcell Diagram; and the issues of cost estimating, time-based breakeven analysis and time-based earned schedule. (2) Tools for Economic Evaluations--This section considers the basic mathematical relations used behind the economic equations and factors; discrete and continuous interest; depreciation terms and methods; and the Present Value of Principal Approach for evaluating loans. (3) Methods for Project Evaluation and Risk Analysis--This section considers payback periods, present worth analysis, return on investment, internal rate of return, benefit/cost ratios and positive-negative project balances; risk techniques of sensitivity analysis, optimistic-pessimistic analysis, discrete probability examples, and continuous probability models using the normal and triangular distributions.
Nanotechnology, Lessons from Nature
As long as humans have existed on the planet, they have looked at the world around them and wondered about much of what they saw. This book covers 21 different phenomena that have been observed in nature and puzzled about for decades.Only recently, with the development of the microscopes and other tools that allow us to study, evaluate, and test these observed phenomena at the molecular and atomic scale, have researchers been able to understand the science behind these observations. From the strength of a marine sponge found at the depths of the oceans, to the insect-hydroplaning surface of the edge of a plant, to the intricacies of the eyes of a moth, nanotechnology has allowed science to define and understand these amazing capabilities. In many cases, this new understanding has been applied to products and applications that benefit humans and the environment. For each of the five ecosystems-- the ocean, insects, flora, fauna, and humans--the observations, study and understanding, and applications will be covered. The relationship between the more easily observed macro level and understanding what is found at the nanoscale will also be discussed.
Simplified Models for Assessing Heat and Mass Transfer
The aim of this book is to supply valid and reasonable parameters in order to guide the choice of the right model of industrial evaporative tower according to operating conditions which vary depending on the particular industrial context: power plants, chemical plants, food processing plants and other industrial facilities are characterized by specific assets and requirements that have to be satisfied. Evaporative cooling is increasingly employed each time a significant water flow at a temperature which does not greatly differ from ambient temperature is needed for removing a remarkable heat load; its aim is to refrigerate a water flow through the partial evaporation of the same.
Integrated Process Design and Operational Optimization via Multiparametric Programming
This book presents a comprehensive optimization-based theory and framework that exploits the synergistic interactions and tradeoffs between process design and operational decisions that span different time scales. Conventional methods in the process industry often isolate decision making mechanisms with a hierarchical information flow to achieve tractable problems, risking suboptimal, even infeasible operations. In this book, foundations of a systematic model-based strategy for simultaneous process design, scheduling, and control optimization is detailed to achieve reduced cost and improved energy consumption in process systems. The material covered in this book is well suited for the use of industrial practitioners, academics, and researchers. In Chapter 1, a historical perspective on the milestones in model-based design optimization techniques is presented along with an overview of the state-of-the-art mathematical tools to solve the resulting complex problems. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss two fundamental concepts that are essential for the reader. These concepts are (i) mixed integer dynamic optimization problems and two algorithms to solve this class of optimization problems, and (ii) developing a model based multiparametric programming model predictive control. These tools are used to systematically evaluate the tradeoffs between different time-scale decisions based on a single high-fidelity model, as demonstrated on (i) design and control, (ii) scheduling and control, and (iii) design, scheduling, and control problems. We present illustrative examples on chemical processing units, including continuous stirred tank reactors, distillation columns, and combined heat and power regeneration units, along with discussions of other relevant work in the literature for each class of problems.
Tensor Properties of Solids, Part Two
Tensor Properties of Solids presents the phenomenological development of solid state properties represented as matter tensors in two parts: Part I on equilibrium tensor properties and Part II on transport tensor properties. Part I begins with an introduction to tensor notation, transformations, algebra, and calculus together with the matrix representations. Crystallography, as it relates to tensor properties of crystals, completes the background treatment. A generalized treatment of solid-state equilibrium thermodynamics leads to the systematic correlation of equilibrium tensor properties. This is followed by developments covering first-, second-, third-, and higher-order tensor effects. Included are the generalized compliance and rigidity matrices for first-order tensor properties, Maxwell relations, effect of measurement conditions, and the dependent coupled effects and use of interaction diagrams. Part I concludes with the second- and higher-order effects, including numerous optical tensor properties. Part II presents the driving forces and fluxes for the well-known proper conductivities. An introduction to irreversible thermodynamics includes the concepts of microscopic reversibility, Onsager's reciprocity principle, entropy density production, and the proper choice of the transport parameters. This is followed by the force-flux equations for electronic charge and heat flow and the relationships between the proper conductivities and phenomenological coefficients. The thermoelectric effects in solids are discussed and extended to the piezothermoelectric and piezoresistance tensor effects. The subjects of thermomagnetic, galvanomagnetic, and thermogalvanomagnetic effects are developed together with other higher-order magnetotransport property tensors. A glossary of terms, expressions, and symbols are provided at the end of the text, and end-of-chapter problems are provided on request. Endnotes provide the necessary references for further reading. Table of Contents: I. Equilibrium Tensor Properties of Solids / Introduction / Introduction to Tensor Notation, Tensor Transformations, Tensor Calculus, and Matrix Representation / Crystal Systems, Symmetry Elements, and Symmetry Transformations / Generalized Thermostatics and the Systematic Correlation of Physical Properties / The Dependent Coupled Effects and the Interrelationships Between First-Order Tensor Properties - Use of Interaction Diagrams / Third- and Fourth-Rank Tensor Properties - Symmetry Considerations / Second- and Higher-Order Effects - Symmetry Considerations / II. Transport Properties of Solids / Introduction to Transport Properties and the Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes / Thermoelectric, Piezothermoelectric, and Diffusive Effects in Solids / Effect of Magnetic Field on the Transport Properties / Appendix A: Magnetic Tensor Properties, Magnetic Crystals, and the Combined Space-Time Transformations / Endnotes / Glossary / Biography / Index
Engineering Principles in Everyday Life for Non-Engineers
This book is about the role of some engineering principles in our everyday lives. Engineers study these principles and use them in the design and analysis of the products and systems with which they work. The same principles play basic and influential roles in our everyday lives as well. Whether the concept of entropy, the moments of inertia, the natural frequency, the Coriolis acceleration, or the electromotive force, the roles and effects of these phenomena are the same in a system designed by an engineer or created by nature. This shows that learning about these engineering concepts helps us to understand why certain things happen or behave the way they do, and that these concepts are not strange phenomena invented by individuals only for their own use, rather, they are part of our everyday physical and natural world, but are used to our benefit by the engineers and scientists. Learning about these principles might also help attract more and more qualified and interested high schooland college students to the engineering fields. Each chapter of this book explains one of these principles through examples, discussions, and at times, simple equations.
Fin-Shape Thermal Optimization Using Bejan’s Constuctal Theory
The book contains research results obtained by applying Bejan's Constructal Theory to the study and therefore the optimization of fins, focusing on T-shaped and Y-shaped ones. Heat transfer from finned surfaces is an example of combined heat transfer natural or forced convection on the external parts of the fin, and conducting along the fin. Fin's heat exchange is rather complex, because of variation of both temperature along the fin and convective heat transfer coefficient. Furthermore possible presence of more fins invested by the same fluid flow has to be considered. Classical fin theory tried to reduce the coupled heat transfer problem to a one-dimensional problem by defining an average temperature of the fin and writing equations using this parameter. However, it was shown that this approach cannot be used because of the effects of two-dimensional heat transfer, especially in the presence of short fins. CFD codes offer the possibility to consider bi-dimensional (and more generally, three-dimensional) effects and then a more real approach to the physic phenomena of finned surface's heat exchange. A commercial CFD code was used to analyse the case of heat exchange in presence of T-shaped fins, following an approach suggested by Bejan's Constructal Theory. The comparative results showed a significant agreement with previous research taken as a reference, and this result allows for the application of this approach to a wider range of systems. T-shaped optimized fin geometry is the starting point for further research. Starting from the optimal results (T-shape optimized fins), we show the trend of the assessment parameter (the dimensionless conductance) in function of the angle a between the two horizontal arms of the fin. A value for a, 90簞
The Health and Safety Trainer’s Guidebook
The book is designed to help trainers design and deliver health and safety training in a fun and high-impact way, such that trainees engage with the subject and remember how to apply it in the work environment.
Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies: Organization and Management, Economics, and Staying in Business
Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies: Organization and Management, Economics, and Staying in Business is the fifth volume in Michele Laraia's series, which presents a selection of global case studies on different aspects of nuclear decommissioning. This volume focuses on organization, economics and performance experience, offering the reader guidance on project management, staffing, costs and funding, and training. It guides those responsible for the planning and implementation of nuclear decommissioning to ensure thorough and reliable applications. Decommissioning experts, including regulators, operating organizations, waste managers, researchers, and academics will find this book to be suitable supplementary material to reference works on the theory and applications of nuclear decommissioning. Readers will obtain an understanding of many key case studies, including what happened and what they can learn from the events quoted, to help supplement, solidify, and strengthen their understanding of the topic.
The Compleat Plattmaker
The Compleat Plattmaker is a rich collection of essays delving into the art and science of cartography in England during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Drawing upon the extensive resources of the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library at UCLA, this volume offers insights into the intricate world of map, chart, and globe creation--a field that blended artistry, geography, and scientific inquiry during a transformative period of exploration and intellectual development. The essays examine the evolution of cartographic practices, focusing on key figures like Edmond Halley, a pioneer in thematic mapping, and the Thames School of chartmakers, whose work bridged the transition from manuscript to printed maps. Topics include advancements in surveying and engraving techniques, the role of colonial mapping in expanding geographic knowledge, and the interplay between scientific innovation and artistic expression. Compiled from the Clark Library's programs and seminars, this volume is a testament to the interdisciplinary exploration of cartography and its enduring impact on cultural and scientific history. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.
The Compleat Plattmaker
The Compleat Plattmaker is a rich collection of essays delving into the art and science of cartography in England during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Drawing upon the extensive resources of the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library at UCLA, this volume offers insights into the intricate world of map, chart, and globe creation--a field that blended artistry, geography, and scientific inquiry during a transformative period of exploration and intellectual development. The essays examine the evolution of cartographic practices, focusing on key figures like Edmond Halley, a pioneer in thematic mapping, and the Thames School of chartmakers, whose work bridged the transition from manuscript to printed maps. Topics include advancements in surveying and engraving techniques, the role of colonial mapping in expanding geographic knowledge, and the interplay between scientific innovation and artistic expression. Compiled from the Clark Library's programs and seminars, this volume is a testament to the interdisciplinary exploration of cartography and its enduring impact on cultural and scientific history. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.
Introduction to Human Factors for Organisational Psychologists
This text introduces industrial and organisational psychologists to the discipline of human factors. It also provides a range of tools necessary for the application of human factors strategies and techniques in practice. The text is intended to respond to the growing demand for organisational psychologists to assist in the development and evaluation of initiatives that are intended to optimise the relationship between workers and the operational environments with which they engage. The book - Contains practical strategies and examples that are intended to guide readers - Combines human factors and organisational psychological concepts in a single volume - Covers context-related examples that illustrate the application of human factors tools and principles - Presents an integrated approach to human factors from an organisational psychological perspective The text begins by discussing the application of human factors in organisations, together with notions of risk and uncertainty. Frameworks for human factors are considered, including error-based and system safety approaches. It explores the links between individual differences and human factors, and it covers group processes and the impact on team performance, including the role of leadership and followership. The book also presents a range of tools and techniques that can be applied by organisational psychologists to acquire human factors-related information and develop an understanding of the situation or factors that may explain human behaviour.
Notes on Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics
This book is an introduction to numerical analysis in geomechanics and is intended for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate study of the mechanics of porous, jointed rocks and soils. Although familiarity with the concepts of stress, strain and so on is assumed, a review of the fundamentals of solid mechanics including concepts of physical laws, kinematics and material laws is presented in an appendix. Emphasis is on the popular finite element method but brief explanations of the boundary element method, the distinct element method (also known as the discrete element method) and discontinuous deformation analysis are included. Familiarity with a computer programming language such as Fortran, C++ or Python is not required, although programming excerpts in Fortran are presented at the end of some chapters. This work begins with an intuitive approach to interpolation over a triangular element and thus avoids making the simple complex by not doing energy minimization via a calculus of variations approach so often found in reference books on the finite element method. The presentation then proceeds to a principal of virtual work via the well-known divergence theorem to obtain element equilibrium and then global equilibrium, both expressed as stiffness equations relating force to displacement. Solution methods for the finite element approach including elimination and iteration methods are discussed. Hydro-mechanical coupling is described and extension of the finite element method to accommodate fluid flow in porous geological media is made. Example problems illustrate important concepts throughout the text. Additional problems for a 15-week course of study are presented in an appendix; solutions are given in another appendix.
A Practical Guide to Effective Workplace Accident Investigation
This book explains how accidents and high potential near-miss incidents are caused, and how to eliminate recurrences by effective accident investigation methods. It shows how to conduct an immediate and root cause analysis so that remedial measures can be taken to prevent a recurrence of similar events. The book shows how to apply the Logical Sequence Accident Investigation Method in the case studies presented. The book: Provides a practical guide to accident causes, investigation and prevention. Explains immediate and root causes in detail. Gives a number of problem-solving methods for the accident investigator to use. Introduces the Logical Sequence Accident Investigation Method. Provides a practical accident investigation evaluation system. The book discusses important topics including hazard identification and risk assessment, workplace health and safety, accident causation and prevention theories, the updated accident domino sequence, as well as safety management system standards and controls. The text is primarily written for professionals and graduate students in the fields of occupational health and safety, ergonomics and human factors engineering.
