Small Power
The United States Air Force (USAF) will face several difficult choices as it procures unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the near future. Decreasing budgets and increasing UAV costs will significantly impact the Air Force's ability to procure large numbers of "high cost" UAVs. As defense dollars shrink, so will the robustness of the USAF's UAV fleet. In addition, these low density assets will operate in a more lethal battlefield environment brought about by the rapid advancement of dual use technologies and the worldwide proliferation of advanced Integrated Air Defense Systems (IADS). Unlike Afghanistan and Iraq, future enemy IADS could render "high cost" conventional UAVs, such as the Predator and Global Hawk, unviable from an operational risk perspective. However, technological advances and new operational concepts, such as cooperative behavior and swarming, are expanding the capabilities of micro and small UAVs and providing the Air Force with a low cost solution to this potential problem. In the future, these small unmanned vehicles will perform many missions once reserved for large high cost UAVs. Procured in large numbers and at a fraction of the cost of today's UAVs, micro and small UAVs will be effective force multipliers for the USAF in the future.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
USAF Aircraft Maintenance Management
Aircraft maintenance performance has steadily declined since the Objective Wing organizational structure was implemented for the Tactical Air Forces (TAF). Is the Objective Wing the right organizational structure for aircraft maintenance? USAF maintenance management philosophies have changed numerous times. Over the past 50 years, the Air Force searched for an organization that maximized efficiency and performance. Reorganization has been the preferred method of gaining efficiency or performance. The focus of this research is to analyze past organizational structures to define key elements that affect maintenance performance and develop an organization that will improve maintenance performance. The research method is a historical analysis of tactical aircraft maintenance organizations in the USAF. The researcher found that there are three key elements that affect the organizational structure and its subsequent performance. Those elements are context, culture, and strategy. A maintenance organizational structure must be based on these enduring elements to succeed. A matrix organizational structure based on our current and expected context, culture, and strategy is proposed.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
High Power Microwaves on the Future Battlefield
The United States Air Force's Center for Strategy and Technology was established atthe Air War College in 1996. Its purpose is to engage in long-term strategic thinkingabout technology and its implications for United States national security. The Center(CSAT) focuses on education, research, and publications that support the integrationof technology into national strategy and policy. This document is one of thesepublications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Lasers and Missile Defense
weapons? Recent advances in lasers, optics, and spacecraft technologies may bring high-energy laser weapons to a sufficient level of maturity for serious consideration as space weapons against the theater ballistic missile threat. However, these technological advances also make other architectures possible, such as the use of terrestrial laser sources with space-based relay mirrors or a mixed force of space-based lasers with orbiting relay mirrors. An important question is how these dramatic technology improvements have affected the strategic employment concepts for high-energy laser weapons. This study presents a comparison of competing space-based architectures given the progress made with high-energy lasers, large optics, and atmospheric compensation techniques within the past several years. Three space-based architectures are evaluated against the potential ballistic missile threat: space-based lasers, ground-based lasers in conjunction with orbiting mirrors, and a combined approach using space-based lasers with orbiting mirrors. The study evaluates the technological risks and estimates the development and deployment costs. In addition, technology development programs are described for each of the architectures so that the high-risk areas will be better understood. The conclusion of this study is that the most technologically sound and cost-effective architecture is to use space-based lasers with orbiting mirrors. This approach not only minimizes the overall technological risk but also reduces the total weight and, therefore, cost of placing these weapon systems on orbit.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Weaponeering the Future Directed Energy Weapons Effectiveness Now and Tomorrow
The United States Air Force's Center for Strategy and Technology was established atthe Air War College in 1996. Its purpose is to engage in long-term strategic thinkingabout technology and its implications for United States national security. The Center(CSAT) focuses on education, research, and publications that support the integrationof technology into national strategy and policy. This document is one of thesepublications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Critical Examination of C-130 Programmed Depot Maintenance (PDM) Induction Methodology
The current USAF process for establishing intervals between C-130 PDM does not account for the wide range of aircraft variables within each aircraft MDS. This paper develops an analytical model, based on five unique aircraft variables, to provide C-130 maintainers with a prediction tool to forecast when a C-130 aircraft requires PDM. These five variables include: aircraft age, total flying hours, average yearly flying hours, mission profile (expressed as a severity factor), and operating location of the aircraft. Interviews with C-130 SPO personnel, combined with use of the C-130 Service Life Data Base, provided the required data to develop the C-130 PDM interval model.The C-130 PDM interval model developed in this paper allows maintainers and operators to predict the optimum time between C-130 PDM activities. It eliminates the requirement to base PDM intervals on aircraft MDS. As a result, there is a potential for significant savings by deferring PDM for a portion of the C-130 fleet. Finally, the PDM interval model developed in this paper may be applicable for other DOD aircraft which use aircraft MDS as the determinant of PDM intervals.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Lethality, Legality, and Reality
This study evaluates the potential for non-lethal weapons to become viable tools for the air support of ground forces in military conflicts. During the Cold War, the US Air Force developed conventional air-support aircraft and munitions to fight Soviet mechanized infantry and armor in the central plains of Europe. Since the end of the Cold War, the United States increasingly confronts adversaries in situations where it is not in the national interest to use destructive force. In response to this new security environment, the Department of Defense has established the Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program and deployed a myriad of non-lethal devices to conflicts around the world. All non-lethal weapons in the US armed forces, however, are ground weapons and are severely limited in range. Aircraft could provide the perspective and added range joint force commanders desire; thus, this thesis explores the potential for aircraft to provide non-lethal force options. Many factors contribute to the viability and acceptance of non-lethal weapons for offensive air support. One is technology.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Understanding the Emergence of Disruptive Innovation in Air Force Science and Technology Organizations
Although innovation is widely discussed in both military and industry venues, many organizations continue to struggle with whatit means to be creative as well as maintain a competitive advantage. The United States Air Force has specifically struggled with thebalance between improving existing technologies and employing revolutionary technologies. The purpose of this thesis research was tostudy the motivation, focus, barriers, and culture needed to foster disruptive innovation in Air Force Science and Technology (S and T) and toinvestigate how industry innovation strategies could improve breakthrough Air Force technology emergence. The Air Force ResearchLaboratory (AFRL), the primary organization responsible for planning and executing all aspects of the Air Force science and technologyprogram, is the ideal study subject to represent the Air Force S and T community at large. Two previous industry research studies, nowreplicated in an AFRL organizational environment, provided quantitative and qualitative comparisons between the industry and Air ForceS and T communities.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Extending USAF F-16 Force Structure
By fiscal year 2008, the Air Force will have a 108-fighter deficit based on a 20 Fighter Wing Equivalent requirement. That number grows to 311 by fiscal year 2021. These numbers are based on the today's programmed F-16 attrition rate of 3.6%, an estimated 8,000-hour F-16 service life, and fielding of the Joint Strike Fighter beginning in fiscal year 2009. This research study will attempt to answer the question, Will there be sufficient combat-capable F-16 aircraft available to meet USAF force structure requirements prior to fielding of the JSF? The study attempts to answer the question by looking at the current state of the USAF F-16 fleet and then by looking at the Joint Strike Fighter Program as the replacement for the F-16, it's forecast schedule, funding, and associated risk.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Cooperative Engagement
Air superiority has been a near given for the US in every conflict since the Korean War. We are, however, at the cusp of time in history where this could be challenged. An explosion in unmanned aerial vehicle technology and proliferation combine with an unpredictable asymmetric threat at the same time that the USAF inventory of air superiority fighter aircraft is decreasing rapidly. It is very plausible that we could enter a period where the air superiority requirements outstrip our capabilities. In this paper, the author presents a possible solution for this dilemma by combining manned fighter aircraft with unmanned launch platforms in a concept called cooperative engagement. The paper examines the argument for development of an unmanned airborne air-to-air capability in the USAF by exploring the mission of air superiority, followed by a presentation of potential threats to US air superiority. A gap analysis of USAF capability in this arena is examined, and arguments are made for making any added air-to-air capability unmanned through exploration of the concept of "cooperative engagement" between manned fighter aircraft and unmanned launch platforms.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Air Pollution Control Orientation Course
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Space Coordinating Authority of Information Services From Space
In recognizing the importance of space power to military operations, doctrine recommends a single authority to coordinate joint theater space operations and integrate space capabilities. The Joint Force Commander (JFC) may designate a space coordinating authority (SCA) to facilitate unity of effort in employing space power. Unity of effort is crucial, as unity of command is problematic. Military operations often exploit civil, commercial, national, and military space capabilities to aid and accelerate observations, decisions, and actions across the entire spectrum of conflict. Space capabilities are foundational to the information domain providing communications, warning, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, positioning, navigation, timing, environmental and weather data. Information services from space improve operations through space-integrated applications of combat powerThe space power combination of supporting space information services and space superiority is a force multiplier for military commanders. The JFC needs SCA to deconflict, prioritize, and integrate space capabilities by optimizing usage of finite space resources from various sources. This paper, from an Airman's perspective for operations in joint and coalition environments, proposes a space power framework for the JFC to employ SCA. It explores space capabilities and the responsibilities of SCA. With the advent of the new Director of Space Forces (DIRSPACEFOR) construct in Air Force doctrine, it provides recommended doctrinal changes to SCA responsibilities. It offers intellectual thought for coordinating and controlling space power at the operational level of war.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Need for a USAF UAV Center of Excellence
Necessity is the mother of invention. In 360 B.C., the philosopher Plato eloquently quoted this statement by his teacher Socrates in his writing The Republic. When Socrates spoke of this he was referring to the ideal state, which when faced with a need or problem, will encourage creative efforts to satisfy this need or problem1 Throughout the last century of warfare, the necessity to defeat the enemy in a more efficient way contributed to innovations in combat tools. J.C.H. Fuller, when writing about the anatomy of battle in WWI, spoke of the effects of the tank. For the first time a soldier had, with one single tool of warfare, increased mobility, security from the negative effects of bullets, and the ability to discharge his weapons from a moving platform protected by a fixed shield.2 From WWI to today's operations in Iraq, fielded forces depend heavily on the tank for protection and projection of force.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Discrete Event Simulation of a Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD) Mission
Contemporary military campaigns increasingly count on the use of air power. Suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD) operations have been a crucial element of military air power for 50 years. Several developments and evolution in both air defense and attack systems suggest that SEAD missions will continue to have growing importance to air forces. Since SEAD operations have a significant impact on air campaigns, it is important to examine their efficiency and identify improvement opportunities. This study explores factors that influence SEAD operations through use of a discrete event simulation built in Arena and subsequent statistical analysis of the results.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Aircrew Performance Cutting-Edge Tech
Introduction to human performance -- Fatigue operations -- Vision enhancement/refractive eye surgery -- Nuclear biological and chemical (NBC) threat environment and the Tactical air (TACAIR) operator -- Directed energy weapons/battlefield lasers -- Mishap reduction -- Conclusions/recommendations. Appendix A: US Navy corneal surgery policy."Using cutting-edge technology to create a human factors advantage in military operations will contribute to success on the battlefield of the future whether below the surface, on the surface, in the air, or in space. Human factors system selection in the past has appeared to be arbitrary and intermittent, with no unifying vision and apparently little or no coordination between the military services. Mature, timely applied technology will reduce risk and enhance combat capability. By decreasing mishaps during training and combat, there will be a reduced number of lost lives of highly trained and costly aircrew, while preserving training and combat assets (aircraft/unmanned vehicles). A concomitant increase in survivability through better understanding of human factors technology will ultimately give the modern aviation warrior a tactical edge throughout the full spectrum of combat and provide secondary benefits to the civilian aviation sector. This paper will explain currently available and emerging aviation human factors technological advances in today's military aviation weapons systems and recommend a vision (and direction) for the most promising, emerging aviation human factors-related technological advances. Emerging human factors areas addressed in this paper include fatigue; vision enhancement/refractive eye surgery; nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons; directed energy weapons; mishap reduction; service culture; situational awareness; spatial disorientation; simulation; and training.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Models for Sortie Generation With Autonomic Logistics Capabilities
The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of an autonomic logistics system (ALS) on the sortie generation process for an individual airbase. As in some prior studies of this process, the methodology used to model the sortie generation process is a queueing network containing fork-join nodes for concurrent maintenance activities. The sortie generation rate is commonly regarded as the primary performance measure of the sortie generation process. This measure coincides with the throughput and is used to compare two models: i) pre-ALS operations and ii) ALS-enhanced airbase operations. Analysis of the models shows that the ALS model yields higher generation rates under a variety of scenarios resulting from the differences in the sortie generation process that are inherent when an ALS is implemented. These results demonstrate that implementation of an ALS will positively impact the sortie generation process by increased sortie generation rates with equivalent or reduced resource levels.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Space Power Theory
Is there a single comprehensive theory that could shape future space and air forces? This essay examines the current state of space power theory. The method of research was a literature review of books, periodicals, government and private reports, and conference proceedings via Air University Library and the Internet, as well as personal contact with faculty members from several military schools. This effort identified basic elements of military theory: definitions, explanations and predictions: which then became a qualification as well as a framework for this paper. The major findings of this paper are that 1) Space power theory is emerging: it exists and is growing in the form of definitions, explanations and predictions of the nature, significance and functioning of systems in space; 2) A single comprehensive space power theory does not exist; and 3) Space power theory has much room for improvement in its definitions, explanations and predictions of space power. Finally, this paper recommends that future theorists 1) Expand all areas of space power theory to create a more robust body of literature; 2) Thoroughly examine the contributions of early space theorists (see Chapter 3, Note 1); 3) Address, in detail, the two "hot topics" in space power theory today: space control and space force organization; and 4) Seek a single comprehensive space power theory to bring together the lasting ideas of space power for the purpose of shaping future space forces.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Connecting the Edge
The United States Air Force's Center for Strategy and Technology was established atthe Air War College in 1996. Its purpose is to engage in long-term strategic thinkingabout technology and its implications for United States national security. The Center(CSAT) focuses on education, research, and publications that support the integrationof technology into national strategy and policy. This document is one of thesepublications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Developing a Predictive Model for Unscheduled Maintenance Requirements on United States Air Force Installations
The United States Air Force Civil Engineer community continually strives for more descriptive methods to explain the impact of funding decisions on future infrastructure conditions. This paper develops one such method by using linear regression and time series analysis to develop a predictive model to forecast future year man-hour and funding requirements for unscheduled maintenance. The results provide predictive models for up to a 5 year forecast with improved results for a 3 year outlook and routine maintenance calls.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Da Pam 750璽€"1
The United States Army Publishing Directorate is the Army's leader in publishing and delivering informational products worldwide. Their main mission is to supply official authenticated information to enhance the readiness of the total force. Some product topics include: Army Regulations, Engineering Technical Manuals, Administrative Publications, Circulars and Pamphlets. This is one of their documents.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Harnessing Light
The United States Air Force's Center for Strategy and Technology was established atthe Air War College in 1996. Its purpose is to engage in long-term strategic thinkingabout technology and its implications for United States national security. The Center(CSAT) focuses on education, research, and publications that support the integrationof technology into national strategy and policy. This document is one of thesepublications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Electromagnetic Pulse
This research provides evidence that preemptive employment of an electromagnetic pulse device by a rogue state over US pre-positioned forces could have deleterious effects on US first-strike capability, resulting in decreased US regional combat power while degrading, delaying, and possibly deterring further US action. Additionally, it presents a series of measures for preventing, preparing for, and protecting US deployed forces against an asymmetric electromagnetic pulse (EMP) threat. While the United States remains the sole conventional military superpower in the World, potential adversaries will seek ways to counter her dominance. The preemptive use of an electromagnetic pulse weapon over pre-deployed US forces is capable of silencing, permanently degrading, or destroying sensitive electronics prevalent in modern US military hardware. Current neglect of nuclear hardening practices, acquisition of electronically sensitive commercial-off-the-shelf components for US military hardware, and the lack of a firm US EMP retaliation policy make nuclear EMP a particularly attractive weapon-of-choice. This research concludes that the potential impacts to US pre-deployed forces from a preemptive EMP attack would be unacceptable; ultimately degrading, delaying, and possibly deterring the United States from further action against the offending nation. Furthermore, the US military can no longer remain reactive to the threat of EMP attack; instead it must adopt a proactive program of prevention, protection, and policy for her military forces. Through selective shielding of tactical systems, hardness assuredness programs, organic missile defense, and a concrete policy for US response, the United States can better guarantee the survival and combat effectiveness of her deployed military.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Providing Near-Term, Combat Effective Space Situational Awareness
Early on in the space age, the US and USSR tacitly agreed not to interfere with each other's satellite operations. This served to significantly reduce tensions during the Cold War. However, it also resulted in eliminated any hostile threats to space systems. In the absence of this threat, US development of Space Situation Awareness (SSA) capabilities concentrated on locating, identifying, and tracking as many orbiting objects as possible. A robust network of sensor sites and control nodes were built, and these have met most, if not all, warfighter needs for over fifty years. Today's situation has changed. Space has become indispensable to US national security. Nations have already denied or tried to deny space capabilities to other nations, and threats continue to proliferate. Leaders inside and outside the military recognize this, and a number of programs are in development to provide more robust SSA. However, until these systems are operational, a potentially dangerous vulnerability exists. Quick, cost-effective capabilities need to be implemented to fill this gap.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
On the Right Course
The Department of Defense (DOD), specifically the United States Air Force (USAF) is responsible for the acquisition, operation, and sustainment of the Global Positioning System (GPS). As a result they have the enormous responsibility of keeping pace with the ever-growing military and civilian markets. This responsibility brings with it a lot of criticism over the management of the system which is utilized largely by the international and national civil communities. Conservative modernization deployment strategies, delayed acquisition schedules, and international distrust are a few of the criticisms that face the USAF GPS team. Inevitably, the DOD and the USAF must be in tune with the needs of and dramatic impacts that their decisions make on the millions of users worldwide. They are. Despite the astronomical growth and dependency on GPS, the DOD strikes an adequate balance between military and civilian users. This delicate balance is achieved throughout the course of the program as seen through an exploration of history, policy, strategy, and performance.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Feasibility Study of a Persistent Monitoring System for the Flight Deck of U.S. Navy Aircraft Carriers
This research analyzes the use of modern Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), to improve the safety of aircraft, equipment, and personnel onboard a United States Navy (USN) aircraft carrier. The results of a detailed analysis of USN safety records since 1980 show that mishaps which could potentially be prevented by a persistent monitoring system result in the death of a sailor nearly every other year and account for at least $92,486,469, or 5.55% of the total cost of all flight deck and hangar bay related mishaps. A system to continually monitor flight deck operations is proposed with four successive levels of increasing capability. A study of past and present work in the area of aircraft carrier flight deck operations is performed. This research conducted a study of the movements of USN personnel and an FA-18C aircraft being towed at NAS Oceana, VA. Using two precision GPS recorders mounted on the aircraft wingtips, the position and orientation of the aircraft, in two-dimensions, are calculated and the errors in this solution are explored. The distance between personnel and the aircraft is calculated in the nearest neighbor sense. Pseudospectral motion planning techniques are presented to provide route prediction for aircraft, support equipment, and personnel. Concepts for system components, such as aircraft and personnel receivers, are described. Methods to recognize and communicate the presence of hazardous situations are discussed. The end result of this research is the identification of performance requirements, limitations, and definition of areas of further research for the development of a flight deck persistent monitoring system with the capability to warn of hazardous situations, ease the incorporation of UAVs, and reduce the risk of death or injury faced by sailors on the flight deck.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System (UTTAS) a Critical Look at its Repairability
It is the author's contention that procurement of the UTTAS as designed in prototype models will require changes in the existing aircraft maintenance system to insure repairability at DS level. The structural design was critically studied to assess the capability of the Army's aircraft maintenance system to repair the UTTAS if damaged in combat. The airframe was the focus of the paper. Limited references to systems and components were required because of their needs for airframe mount/attaching points and the relationship of their weight to structural strength requirements. The author establishes himself as a highly experienced source and develops comparisons between the UH-lH and the UTTAS prototypes.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Benign Weather Modification
Weather modification is a technology once embraced by the United States (US) military as a tool to help both wartime and peacetime missions. However, interest in the ability to modify weather has waned over recent years and is now nearly nonexistent.This study examines one aspect of weather modification, benign weather modification (BWM), for possible use in assisting military operations. After briefly reviewing the history and science of weather modification, this thesis bounds the aspects of weather modification being addressed. It then describes barriers to BWM, showing how they affect current weather modification policy in the military. Examples are shown of current civilian BWM techniques, their possible use by the military, and some military-unique needs for weather modification.After examining current weather modification and projected future BWM technology, the author concludes that military BWM use deserves another look. Increased reliance on precision guided munitions makes BWM a possible new tool in ensuring accurate targeting with minimal collateral damage. In addition, BWM offers the war planner a means to dictate battle space elements at a critical point in a conflict. At a minimum, the US military should conduct a more in-depth review of weather modification to see if technological advances offer opportunities for more "bang for the buck."This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Immersive Learning Simulations in Aircraft Maintenance Training
This paper examines a relatively new computer based training system called Immersive Learning Simulation (ILS) which shows great signs of cutting training time. Many reasons exist to examine the question of whether or not ILS would save time and money if applied to aircraft maintenance training in the Air Force. For instance, using actual military aircraft to train maintenance technicians is a costly proposition. Although hands-on training is necessary, and will be for the foreseeable future, our current computer systems running ILS software could provide realistic training. Immersive Learning Simulation has the potential to provide cost savings, time savings, and increased aircraft and parts availability over more traditional methods of training.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Forecasting Readines
According to many experts, the readiness of America's armed forces has deteriorated throughout the 1990s. In the Air Force, the combat readiness of its fighter aircraft has declined in varying degrees. One of the Air Force's indicators of combat readiness for its aircraft, the mission capable rate, is a rate primarily used to identify the percentage of aircraft that are able to perform their primary missions. From FY94 through FY98, the aggregate Air Force aircraft total not mission capable rate for maintenance (TNMCM) for all aircraft has steadily increased from 14 percent to 18.2 percent while total not mission capable rate for supply (TNMCS) increased from 5.5 percent in FY86 to 17.5 percent in FY00. The Air Force currently uses the Funding/Availability Multi-Method Allocator for Spares (FAMMAS) forecasting model to predict overall mission capable rates for each type of aircraft it has in its inventory. While the FAMMAS model does an excellent job of predicting mission capable rates based on funding data and other associated planning factors, it is does not explain the key drivers that influence mission capable rates, which limits its effectiveness as a management and decision- making tool.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Higher Eyes in the Sky
During the past few years, United States Air Force (USAF) leaders have begun to emphasize space operations. Global Engagement: A Vision for the 21st Century Air Force states that we will eventually transition from an air and space force into a space and air force and various leaders have opined that that air and space are seamless. Gen Ronald R. Fogleman, USAF chief of staff, introduced the concept that in the future, we will be able to "find, fix, target, track, and engage (F2T2E)" any target, anywhere on the earth. In order to accomplish F2T2E, the functions performed by the E-3 airborne warning and control system (AWACS) and the E-8 joint surveillance, target attack radar system (JSTARS) will need to migrate to space-based platforms. This study explores how such a migration would occur. Before examining space operations, the historical military need for moving tar-get indicators (MTI) is examined, tracing the evolution from hot air balloons to our current AWACS and JSTARS aircraft. Because space systems operate differ ently from airborne systems, those differences are explored. The organizations involved in space operations are also examined, along with their potential to effect the development of a space-based MTI system. The radar systems of both the AWACS and the JSTARS are described, as well as a few of the most promi nent of the proposed space-based systems. The planning for space-based MTI is in its early phases. A "Concept of Operations for Space-Based MTI" has been written, as has a "Space-Based MTI Roadmap." US Space Command has also written the Long Range Plan, which includes space-based MTI concepts in its plan for 2020. These plans are a good start but do not address several important issues, including satellite architec ture, whether satellite MTI systems should completely replace airborne systems, who should be responsible for the system, and how battle managers will operate in the new system.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
After the KC-135, What Next? Exploring the Future Capabilities and Acquisition of our Next Generation Tanker
This research paper covers several aspects of the current and future tanker acquisition. Not only does it research capabilities related tanker acquisition but it also explores the proper capabilities required of future tanker assets. The research progresses from a historical perspective to the current available options for the next generation tanker. From there data is used to show possible capabilities and missions appropriate for aerial refueling assets. Topics discussed are dual role tanker/airlift possibilities, spiral development of "SMART" tanker capabilities, and possible associated tanker platform missions. Final recommendations are given for future tanker platform acquisition and capabilities it should have for tomorrow's wartime scenario's.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
United States Air Force Precision Engagement Against Mobile Targets
Major Kosan discusses the deficiency in the US Air Force's ability to precisely attack mobile targets at standoff ranges with minimal collateral damage as revealed by recent airpower operations. He addresses the technological as well as the international, national, and military strategic environmental issues that may affect technology. Major Kosan focuses on USAF munition precision engagement capabilities; thus, he does not perform an in-depth analysis of aerial platform precision engagement capabilities. He focuses on only USAF's research, development, and acquisition strategy in regards to precision conventional strike capabilities against mobile targets. Major Kosan predicts that future airpower operations will be executed in politically sensitive strategic environments and will require the ability to precisely destroy mobile targets that may have been strategically placed by an adversary in areas with high risk of collateral damage.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Need for a USAF UAV Center of Excellence
Necessity is the mother of invention. In 360 B.C., the philosopher Plato eloquently quoted this statement by his teacher Socrates in his writing The Republic. When Socrates spoke of this he was referring to the ideal state, which when faced with a need or problem, will encourage creative efforts to satisfy this need or problem1 Throughout the last century of warfare, the necessity to defeat the enemy in a more efficient way contributed to innovations in combat tools. J.C.H. Fuller, when writing about the anatomy of battle in WWI, spoke of the effects of the tank. For the first time a soldier had, with one single tool of warfare, increased mobility, security from the negative effects of bullets, and the ability to discharge his weapons from a moving platform protected by a fixed shield.2 From WWI to today's operations in Iraq, fielded forces depend heavily on the tank for protection and projection of force.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Activated Sludge Process Using Pure Oxygen
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Autonomy, Unmanned Ground Vehicles, and the U.S. Army
As a result of technological maturation, Congressional mandate, and battlefield use, the U.S. Army is currently involved in a tremendous amount of activity surrounding the development of unmanned systems (UMS). While current systems require near constant supervision, the research and development community is developing capabilities that will greatly increase the autonomy of future UMS. The payoff of employing highly autonomous unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) for the Army is potentially high in a number of areas. However, the second or third order effects could have negative consequences. This monograph analyzes current U.S. Army activities surrounding the development of autonomous UGVs in order to provide ideas for developers to better attain success and help prevent unintended consequences. Using lessons from the past and theories for innovation, leaders can gain insight for the conduct of current development. The progress of technology has often been faster than our doctrine and policy development. As challenging as the time, money, and manpower might be to focus on autonomous UGV issues, the potential benefits of autonomy to our Soldiers are too great not to make the investment.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
What USAF Aircraft Should be the Wild Weasel of the 1990s? An Assessment of the F-4G, the F-15WW, and the F-16-WW
The USAF Wild Weasel mission was born in 1965 during the Vietnam conflict. The purpose of the mission was to counter the serious radar-directed threats that were decimating the US fighter arsenal. While the current F-4G Wild Weasel aircraft has effectively met the threat into the 1980's, its capabilities reflect the aircraft's 1950's design. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union is fielding many technologically advanced radar-directed threats that bring the adequacy of the F-4G into question. This study investigated what characteristics will be required to defeat the threat of the 1990's. Next, the F-4G, F-15WW, and F-16 Wild Weasel proposal were compared against the aircraft characteristics needed (as determined b a poll of experiences officers) to survive the threats in the 1990's. This study concludes that the F-15WW possesses the most desirable characteristics to serve as the Wild Weasel aircraft for the 1990's.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Higher Eyes in the Sky
During the past few years, Air Force leaders have begun to emphasize space operations. Global Engagement states that we will eventually transition from an Air and Space Force into a Space and Air Force and various leaders have opined that that air and space are "seamless." Air Force Chief-of-Staff General Fogleman introduced the concept that in the future, we will be able to "find, fix, target, track, and engage (F2T2E)" any target, anywhere on the earth. In order to actually accomplish F2T2E, the functions currently performed by the E-3 Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) and the E-8 Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (JSTARS) will need to migrate to space-based platforms. This thesis explores how such a migration would occur. Before examining space operations, the historical military need for moving target indicators (MTI) is examined, tracing the evolution from hot air balloons to our current AWACS and JSTARS aircraft.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Wired Garrison Design Concept Applied to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
The Wired Garrison Communications-Electronics Design Concept incorporates technological advances to best serve Army installation communication needs. The Fort Leavenworth user needs have increased during the first few years. The Army has not applied the Wired Garrison Concept to Fort Leavenworth. This study seeks to determine if the Army could apply the Wired Garrison Concept to Fort Leavenworth to meet the short-term projected communications requirements. Investigation reveals that the Wired Garrison Communications-Electronics Design Concept can be applied to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. The Wired Garrison is suitable to support the United States Army Combined Arms Combat Developments Activity. This concept is particularly applicable to the needs of the United States Army Command and General Staff College.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Providing Near-Term, Combat Effective Space Situational Awareness
Early on in the space age, the US and USSR tacitly agreed not to interfere with each other's satellite operations. This served to significantly reduce tensions during the Cold War. However, it also resulted in eliminated any hostile threats to space systems. In the absence of this threat, US development of Space Situation Awareness (SSA) capabilities concentrated on locating, identifying, and tracking as many orbiting objects as possible. A robust network of sensor sites and control nodes were built, and these have met most, if not all, warfighter needs for over fifty years. Today's situation has changed. Space has become indispensable to US national security. Nations have already denied or tried to deny space capabilities to other nations, and threats continue to proliferate. Leaders inside and outside the military recognize this, and a number of programs are in development to provide more robust SSA. However, until these systems are operational, a potentially dangerous vulnerability exists. Quick, cost-effective capabilities need to be implemented to fill this gap.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Non Co-Operative Detection of LPI/LPD Signals via Cyclic Spectral Analysis
This research proposes and evaluates a novel technique for detecting LPI/LPD communication signals using a digital receiver primarily designed to detect radar signals, such as a Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) or an Electronic Support Measures (ESM) receiver. The inherent flexibility of the digital receiver allows the incorporation of detection and estimation methods that would otherwise require dedicated hardware. The proposed Cyclic Spectrum Analysis (CSA) receiver is a robust detector that takes advantage of the spectral correlation properties of second-order cyclostationary signals. A computationally efficient algorithm is used to estimate the Spectral Correlation Function (SCF). The estimate is then reduced to an energy related test statistic that is valid for all cycle frequencies within the receiver bandwidth. By producing an estimate of the cyclic spectrum, the CSA receiver also benefits post-detection tasks such as signal classification and exploitation.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Prepositioned Trailers for Aircraft Battle Damage Repair Support
Air superiority is essential in today's wartime environment. Aircraft that are damaged and not returned to combat can have a considerable impact on the quest for dominance in the air. To maintain operational effectiveness, an organization must have the capability to quickly repair damaged aircraft. The purpose of an Aircraft Battle Damage Repair (ABDR) program is to rapidly and effectively repair damaged aircraft to fly additional operational sorties and further contribute to wartime objectives. This capability must consist of providing the necessary tools and equipment for the rapid repair of aircraft. When an ABDR team deploys in support of an organization in a wartime environment, it is expected that the team will be fully functional, autonomous, and have on hand the resources necessary to complete all tasks. From a logistics standpoint, this is a feasible objective using different methods, with the present method used being prepositioning. During combat operations, Air Mobility Command (AMC) is heavily tasked with movement of personnel and equipment. The prepositioning of ABDR trailers could provide relief on AMC resources already strained to their limits. This research seeks to determine if the AF should continue to preposition ABDR trailers to augment strategic airlift during combat operations by determining the best course of action for providing ABDR trailers to ABDR teams during combat operations. This research will evaluate the effectiveness of both prepositioning and airlifting ABDR trailers.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Assessing the US's Current Ability to Understand and Test EMP Effects on Systems
During the Cold War, the United States as a nation, and its military in particular, were very focused on nuclear warfighting. After winning the Cold War this focus became significantly lessened. However, in the past decade new concerns have arisen and it is once again realistic to think that the US military might have to operate in a nuclear environment. The one nuclear effect with the possibility to effect very large areas almost immediately after a nuclear explosion is the electromagnetic pulse (EMP). The EMP has the ability to affect any system which is or is composed of electronics or conductive media (e.g., metal). As the most advanced military in the world, the US military is highly dependent upon advanced electronic systems to operate. By obtaining a better understanding of how an EMP is formed and propagated and then affects systems, the military can better design, test, and certify its systems to ensure that they are capable of operating in an EMP environment, and the better understanding will enable this to be done in a cost-effective manner. This paper shall look at what we know about EMP, the facilities and resources we have for improving that understanding, and make some recommendations for how to best move forward with future programs.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Fatigue Behavior of a SiC/SiC Composite at 1000?簞C in Air and Steam
Tension-tension fatigue behavior of a prototype Silicon Carbide/Silicon Carbide (SiC/SiC) ceramic matrix composite (CMC) material was investigated at 1000?簞C in laboratory air and in steam environments. The material consists of a SiC matrix reinforced with CG NICALON璽„[ fibers woven in an eight harness satin weave (8HSW) and coated with a BN/SiC dual-layer interphase. The composite was manufactured by a Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis (PIP) process. A seal coat of SiC and elemental boron was applied to the test specimens after machining. The tensile stress-strain behavior was investigated and the tensile properties were measured at 1000?簞C. Tension-tension fatigue behavior was studied for fatigue stresses ranging from 60 to 100 MPa. The fatigue limit (based on a run-out condition of 2 x 10璽 繕 cycles) was 80 MPa, which is 59% of the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS). The material retained 82% of its tensile strength. The presence of steam significantly degraded the fatigue performance at 1000?簞C. In steam the fatigue limit dropped below 60 MPa (44% UTS). Microstructural analysis revealed severe oxidation occurring in the specimens tested in steam, which resulted in accelerated damage development and failure. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, the damage and premature failure of the composite in the steam environment is believed to be due to oxidation embrittlement. This material also showed considerably worse performance than similar SiC/SiC composites with a great deal of variability between specimens cut from different panels. The possibility exists that inadequate process control may be behind the degraded performance of the material and the panel-to-panel variability in performance.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Military Dependence on Commercial Satellite Communications Systems--Strength or Vulnerability?
The military's growing dependence on commercial satellite communications systems will become a strength or vulnerability based on how well the right balance is achieved between commercial and military systems. Determining that balance is a function of clearly understanding both DoD's requirements and the vulnerabilities and risks associated with the use of, and dependence on, commercial systems. This report provides a short overview of the emerging commercial capabilities and then examines in depth the DoD process for validating requirements, the validated MILSATCOM requirements documented through that process, and the risks and vulnerabilities associated with the use of, and dependence on, commercial satellite communications systems. The main conclusion drawn is that commercial capabilities can help satisfy DoD requirements for capacity, but at a "cost" in most cases of accepting risk with respect to several key qualitative requirements, especially with respect to protection, assured access, and control. A few additional conclusions are drawn about how to achieve the best balance to satisfy DoD requirements with the least amount of risk and cost.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Discrete Event Simulation of a Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD) Mission
Contemporary military campaigns increasingly count on the use of air power. Suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD) operations have been a crucial element of military air power for 50 years. Several developments and evolution in both air defense and attack systems suggest that SEAD missions will continue to have growing importance to air forces. Since SEAD operations have a significant impact on air campaigns, it is important to examine their efficiency and identify improvement opportunities. This study explores factors that influence SEAD operations through use of a discrete event simulation built in Arena and subsequent statistical analysis of the results.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Brief Summary of the Technical Feasibility Emissions, and Fuel Economy of Pure Methanol Engines
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System (UTTAS) a Critical Look at its Repairability
It is the author's contention that procurement of the UTTAS as designed in prototype models will require changes in the existing aircraft maintenance system to insure repairability at DS level. The structural design was critically studied to assess the capability of the Army's aircraft maintenance system to repair the UTTAS if damaged in combat. The airframe was the focus of the paper. Limited references to systems and components were required because of their needs for airframe mount/attaching points and the relationship of their weight to structural strength requirements. The author establishes himself as a highly experienced source and develops comparisons between the UH-lH and the UTTAS prototypes.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Processing of Sodium-Potassium Niobate Ceramics
The Office of Scientific & Technical Information (OSTI), is a part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) that houses research and development results from projects funded by the DOE. The information is generally an article, technical document, conference paper or dissertation. This is one of those publications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
