Current Status and Opportunity in Fibre and Composites
This book explores the processing, properties, and applications of Posidonia oceanica, an abundant marine plant found in the Mediterranean Sea, for the production of cellulose and nanocellulose. It demonstrates the treatment of Posidonia oceanica waste through chemical and mechanical modifications to produce a renewable, biodegradable nanomaterial known as nanocellulose. The unique properties of this nanocellulose enable its applications as an adsorbent material for dye removal, as nanofibers in composites, and in macromolecular materials. This book is an essential resource for university departments in chemistry, materials science, and physics, as well as research institutions and industries interested in the valorization of Posidonia oceanica residues. It provides insights into using this marine biomass to produce cellulose derivatives and/or lignocellulosic fibers for fiber-reinforced composites and papermaking applications. Furthermore, the book consolidates valuable knowledge about Posidonia oceanica and its multi-scale valorization for the development of innovative materials.
Essay On The Use Of Various Alloys, Especially Of Phosphorous Bronze, For The Founding Of Cannon
"Essay On The Use Of Various Alloys, Especially Of Phosphorous Bronze, For The Founding Of Cannon" delves into the scientific and practical aspects of employing different alloys, with a particular focus on phosphorous bronze, in the manufacturing of cannons. This detailed exploration, authored by George Montefiore-Levy and C. Kunzel, under the auspices of the United States Navy's Bureau of Ordnance, provides invaluable insights into the material science and engineering challenges of military technology during the period it was written. The essay likely discusses the advantages of phosphorous bronze over other metals, addressing issues such as durability, resistance to corrosion, and performance under the extreme conditions of repeated firing. It represents a significant contribution to the historical record of ordnance development and will appeal to historians of technology, military historians, and those interested in the evolution of materials science.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Extra Census Bulletin
This "Extra Census Bulletin" presents a detailed report on the manufacture of firearms and ammunition in the United States. Compiled from the 1880 census, it offers valuable insights into the industrial landscape of the late 19th century. The report, authored by the United States Census Office and Charles H. Fitch, meticulously documents the processes, technologies, and scale of production within this critical sector. Researchers and historians interested in industrial history, military technology, and the economic development of the United States will find this bulletin to be an invaluable resource. It provides a snapshot of a pivotal era, capturing the burgeoning manufacturing capabilities that would shape the nation's future. "Extra Census Bulletin: Report On The Manufacture Of Firearms And Ammunition" is a testament to the enduring power of census data in understanding the past.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Essay On The Use Of Various Alloys, Especially Of Phosphorous Bronze, For The Founding Of Cannon
"Essay On The Use Of Various Alloys, Especially Of Phosphorous Bronze, For The Founding Of Cannon" delves into the scientific and practical aspects of employing different alloys, with a particular focus on phosphorous bronze, in the manufacturing of cannons. This detailed exploration, authored by George Montefiore-Levy and C. Kunzel, under the auspices of the United States Navy's Bureau of Ordnance, provides invaluable insights into the material science and engineering challenges of military technology during the period it was written. The essay likely discusses the advantages of phosphorous bronze over other metals, addressing issues such as durability, resistance to corrosion, and performance under the extreme conditions of repeated firing. It represents a significant contribution to the historical record of ordnance development and will appeal to historians of technology, military historians, and those interested in the evolution of materials science.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The evolution and the crucial role of the USA Army Special Forces
In 1997, members of the Special Forces community began the process of identifying SF's core ideology. Although the process has led to much thought, discussion and debate, after four years, the task remains unfinished. According to James C. Collins and Jerry I. Porras, an organization's core ideology is its enduring character - what the organization is and what it stands for. Core ideology transcends leaders. It is determined by the people who are inside the organization. We do not create a core ideology; we identify it. Often, the success or the failure of an organization can be traced to how well the organization identified its core ideology and how well it cultivated the energies and talents of its people. Core ideology has two components: core values and core purpose. By identifying those components, the organization defines who its members are. Core values are essential and enduring tenets. Core values are clear and powerful, and they provide substantial guidance with piercing simplicity. After three years of debate, the U.S. Army Special Forces Command reached a consensus on SF's core values, and the values were published in the Spring 2000 edition of Special Warfare. The SF core values are warrior ethos; professionalism; innovation; versatility; cohesion; character; and cultural awareness. What remains to be resolved is SF's core purpose. Of the two components of core ideology, core purpose is the more important. It is the organization's fundamental reason for being. Unlike goals or strategies, a core purpose does not change - it inspires change. An organization can evolve into new areas, but it will continue to be guided by its core purpose. SF's core purpose is to achieve our nation's objectives and to conduct our SF missions through, with or by surrogates, indigenous organizations or indigenous populations. That defining purpose sets SF apart from all other organizations. SF can conduct unilateral missions, and we can conduct them superbly, but we should conduct unilateral missions only as a last resort. They are inconsistent with our core purpose. SF was organized as a force multiplier that would conduct unconventional warfare.
Operating Equipment for U. S. Army Observation Balloons
Operating Equipment for U. S. Army Observation Balloons is a detailed manual offering insights into the technology and procedures surrounding the use of observation balloons by the U.S. Army Air Corps in the early 20th century. This historical document provides a comprehensive overview of the equipment utilized, offering a valuable resource for historians, aviation enthusiasts, and those interested in early military technology. Explore the intricacies of ballooning and its role in military observation with this informative guide.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Lecture on the Principles of House Drainage
Lecture on the Principles of House Drainage by J. Pickering Putnam, originally published in 1886, offers a fascinating glimpse into the evolving understanding of sanitation and public health during the late 19th century. Putnam's lecture delves into the essential principles of effective house drainage systems, addressing the critical need for proper ventilation, waste removal, and the prevention of disease. This historical work provides valuable insights into the technological challenges and solutions of its time. From the design of drainpipes to the importance of proper sewage disposal, Putnam's work reflects the era's growing awareness of the connections between living conditions and well-being. For historians, engineers, and anyone interested in the history of technology and public health, this lecture offers a detailed and informative exploration of a vital aspect of urban development.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Lecture on the Principles of House Drainage
Lecture on the Principles of House Drainage by J. Pickering Putnam, originally published in 1886, offers a fascinating glimpse into the evolving understanding of sanitation and public health during the late 19th century. Putnam's lecture delves into the essential principles of effective house drainage systems, addressing the critical need for proper ventilation, waste removal, and the prevention of disease. This historical work provides valuable insights into the technological challenges and solutions of its time. From the design of drainpipes to the importance of proper sewage disposal, Putnam's work reflects the era's growing awareness of the connections between living conditions and well-being. For historians, engineers, and anyone interested in the history of technology and public health, this lecture offers a detailed and informative exploration of a vital aspect of urban development.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Fleet of the Future
"The Fleet of the Future: Containing a Reply to Some Conclusions of General Howard Douglas" offers a detailed 19th-century perspective on naval architecture and technology. John Scott Russell, a renowned naval architect, presents his arguments concerning the superiority of iron ships over wooden vessels, engaging with the conclusions of Sir Howard Douglas. This work delves into the specifics of ship construction, including discussions of dry rot, the capabilities of iron fleets, and advancements in modern artillery.Russell references various naval engagements and geographical locations, from Kinburn to the Sea of Azof, to illustrate his points. He analyzes the performance of different classes of ships, including references to the Channel Fleet and specific vessels like the Guadaloupe. This book provides valuable insights into the strategic thinking and technological debates shaping naval power in the mid-19th century, appealing to historians, naval enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of maritime warfare.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Fleet of the Future
"The Fleet of the Future: Containing a Reply to Some Conclusions of General Howard Douglas" offers a detailed 19th-century perspective on naval architecture and technology. John Scott Russell, a renowned naval architect, presents his arguments concerning the superiority of iron ships over wooden vessels, engaging with the conclusions of Sir Howard Douglas. This work delves into the specifics of ship construction, including discussions of dry rot, the capabilities of iron fleets, and advancements in modern artillery.Russell references various naval engagements and geographical locations, from Kinburn to the Sea of Azof, to illustrate his points. He analyzes the performance of different classes of ships, including references to the Channel Fleet and specific vessels like the Guadaloupe. This book provides valuable insights into the strategic thinking and technological debates shaping naval power in the mid-19th century, appealing to historians, naval enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of maritime warfare.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Alloys (non-ferrous)
"Alloys (non-ferrous)" is a technical study focusing on alloys that do not contain iron as a primary constituent. This book delves into the properties, composition, and applications of various non-ferrous alloys, offering insights valuable to engineers, metallurgists, and materials scientists. It likely explores different alloy systems, their characteristics, and their uses in various industrial applications.Authored by A. Humboldt Sexton, potentially drawing from expertise or research up to 1853, this work may provide a historical perspective on non-ferrous alloys while also discussing their relevance in modern engineering practices. This book is an essential resource for those studying or working with materials and seeking to understand the specific attributes and uses of alloys beyond the more common ferrous types.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Internal Stresses in Heterogeneous Solids
No detailed description available for "Internal Stresses in Heterogeneous Solids".
Operating Equipment for U. S. Army Observation Balloons
Operating Equipment for U. S. Army Observation Balloons is a detailed manual offering insights into the technology and procedures surrounding the use of observation balloons by the U.S. Army Air Corps in the early 20th century. This historical document provides a comprehensive overview of the equipment utilized, offering a valuable resource for historians, aviation enthusiasts, and those interested in early military technology. Explore the intricacies of ballooning and its role in military observation with this informative guide.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Investigation of Bagasse Ash in concrete
Ordinary Portland cement is recognized as a major construction material throughout the world. Researchers all over the world today are focusing on ways of utilizing either industrial or agricultural waste, as a source of raw materials for industry. This waste, utilization would not only be economical, but may also result in foreign exchange earnings and environmental pollution control.A good solution to the problem of recycling agro industrial excess would be by burning them in a controlled environment and use the ashes (waste) for more polite means. Utilization of such wastes as cement and fine aggregate replacement materials may reduce the cost of concrete production and also minimize the harmful environmental effects with disposal of these wastes.
Engineering Tribology
Engineering Tribology, Fifth Edition takes an interdisciplinary approach to key concepts and engineering implications of tribology, bringing together the relevant knowledge needed from different fields to achieve effective analysis and control of friction and wear. This edition has been updated to include new content on the computational evaluation of cavitation effects in hydrodynamic bearings, the electrical properties of lubricants, coverage of gas and foil bearings, local directional, fractal signature methods, tribochemistry and mechanical activation, removal of oxide films, models of mechanical activation, advancing tribology with artificial intelligence, modeling, and simulation, and much more. Suitable as an introductory text, this book is also relevant for those working in applied chemistry and bioengineering.
The Art and Craft of Modern Textile Design
This contributed volume explores the craft and science of modern textile design. It offers a carefully curated collection of essays, insights, and case studies. The chapters presented here exist where craftsmanship converges with cutting-edge technology and traditional techniques, dance with avant-garde experimentation, and illustrate how fabric can unlock limitless possibilities of artistic expression. From the historical roots that anchor contemporary practices to the forefront of technological advancements shaping the industry, this book offers a panoramic view of the field. The chapters celebrate the artistry behind the loom and the visionary designers who push the boundaries of conventional thinking, transforming threads into transcendent works of art. As the title suggests, this volume is not just about technique; it explores the imaginative spirit that breathes life into fibers. The book invites readers to witness the synergy between tradition and innovation, uncover the narrative threads woven into every fabric, and appreciate the extraordinary craftsmanship that elevates textiles beyond mere utility. This edited volume is designed to appeal to a diverse audience - from students and scholars to industry professionals and anyone with an appreciation for the intersection of art and function. The book aims to provide readers with a thorough understanding of the various facets of contemporary textile design, from historical influences to emerging trends.
Piezoelectric Polymers and Polymer Composites for Advanced Applications
Advanced Biomedical Composites
Composite materials are defined as "engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level within the finished structure". Recently, the utilization of composites has increased in various areas of science and engineering due to their special mechanical and physical properties. Therefore, composites have the potential to replace conventional materials in various fields of application such as automotive, biomedical, aeronautical and aerospace as well as in others advanced industries. Recently, advanced composites, for example, nanocomposites and biocomposites had been gaining ground for the development of new products in several industries. The goal of Advanced Composites is the combined presentation of materials, manufacturing technology and engineering aspects of composites. This Series covers the complete range of multi scale composite materials, including nanocomposites, biocomposites, functional and smart composites, structural composites, gradient and layered composites, eco-composites, composites based in natural materials, etc. Current topics of interest include the physical and chemical properties, microstructural characterization of composites, design and manufacture of composites and structures, mechanical behaviour in use environments, testing and characterisation techniques, modelling and optimization methods, fracture, creep, tribology, machinability and performance of composites in service.Advanced Composites is essential reference for academics, materials, physics, chemical researchers, mechanical and materials, biomedical engineers, professionals in composite-related industries.
Fe-Based Amorphous Alloys with High Glass Forming Ability
Brute Force Entry
The legendary guide to breaking & entering, publicly available for the first time. This detailed manual covers every aspect of forced entry, in step-by-step detail. From beginner to advanced methods of forcing through doors, padlocks, gates, and all the tools of the forced-entry trade - it's all here. Originally published as the NYFD Forcible Entry Guide in 2006, this manual gathers all proven tactics for entering buildings when there are no keys, and no time to waste.Part One: Tools Of Forced EntryPart Two: Types Of LocksPart Three: Types Of DoorsPart Four: Defeating Additional Security DevicesPart Five: Conventional Forced Entry MethodsPart Six: Using Hydraulic Forcible Entry ToolsPart Seven: Defeating HingesPart Eight: Through-The-Lock Entry MethodsPart Nine: How To Defeat PadlocksPart Ten: Breaking Through Roll Down Security GatesPart Eleven: Defeating Miscellaneous Security ObstaclesThis is the most comprehensive manual ever compiled on the secret techniques of entering buildings when standard access is not an option.
Simple and Accurate Flow Measuring Devices in Agriculture and Industry
Efficient water management in a developing country like India is of paramount importance. One critical aspect of this endeavour is the accurate measurement of flow in open channels, a task that comes with its share of challenges. Commonly used methods such as weirs and measuring flumes have their limitations, including issues like head loss, complexity, and sensitivity to changes in bed levels. Moreover, they often rely on intricate flow equations, making them less than ideal for practical water management. This study introduces a novel approach to flow measurement in open rectangular channels. Challenging conventional wisdom, it demonstrates the possibility of achieving a nearly linear depth-discharge relationship, even in a rectangular channel. The research introduces a novel optimization technique to determine flow parameters, offering a near-linear equation that holds true within a specific range of flow depths with minimal deviation, typically within 簣2% error. In case of earlier flow measuring devices the devices were intrusive weather it is weirs or flumes, a modification in the structure was required whereas in the proposed flow measuring device no change is required.
Use of Dimensional Analysis in Cement Industry
Compressive strength is widely recognized as the most critical property of cement. However, conventional testing methods require a waiting period of 7 to 28 days to obtain compressive strength results, posing a significant limitation in time-sensitive applications. To address this challenge, this research presents a dimensional analysis-based approach for predicting the 28-day compressive strength of cement within 24 hours.This method employs a modified Buckingham-Pi theorem to derive a general equation using only two experimental data points. A novel trial-and-error procedure is introduced, facilitating the development of a universal dimensional analysis formulation. In this approach, one experimental data set, referred to as the control point, is used to generate the dimensional analysis equation, while the second data set, the check point, serves to validate the derived equation. The predicted results obtained through dimensional analysis are subsequently compared with available experimental data.
Sustainable Construction Methods
Sustainable Construction Methods" provides a comprehensive guide to environmentally responsible building practices. It covers sustainable materials, energy-efficient designs, waste management, and cutting-edge green technologies. Aimed at professionals and students in architecture, engineering, and construction, the book emphasizes reducing environmental impact while maintaining functionality and cost-effectiveness. It encourages a shift towards sustainable thinking, offering practical solutions and real-world examples to support eco-conscious construction and long-term environmental sustainability.
A Master Plan Approach for River Water Pollution Control
A procedural approach has been addressed to prepare a Master Plan for controlling river water pollution. A Master Plan (MP) is a dynamic long-term projecting document which specifies a conceptual blueprint to show future growth and expansion. Good master planning is making the bridge between the infrastructures and social settings by ensuring the safe environment. Any master plan has its clear goal with a definite strategic plan. A strategic plan answers the question "where do we want to go?" while master plan delivers a road map that shows "how we can go there?". Depending on the role of the master plan, it could have various sections and be expanded in several ways. Below is a strategy of the general steps for developing and implementing a master plan for river water pollution control. o Define your visiono Assess where we areo Determine your prioritieso Evaluation of baseline data and informationo Determine strategic objectives with goalso Define institutional arrangementso Physical and spatial elements of master plano Recommendation of action plans / projects.
Two-dimensional Valleytronic Materials
Valleytronics is a brand-new field, which is considered superior to traditional electronics and spintronics due to recent experimental progress at room temperature in manipulating valley degree of freedom. This book aims to give an overview of the theoretical and experimental developments achieved in valleytronics based on various 2D materials.
Friction
From the first spark of fire to the frontiers of energy, medicine, and space, a pioneering account of the invisible force that connects it all. Friction, the force that resists motion, is synonymous with difficulty and complication. If you've ever replaced tires worn smooth by the road or reached for a can of WD-40 to fix a creaking door hinge, then you know the headache this force can cause. In this book, Jennifer Vail reveals beneath the difficulty and complication a force as enigmatic and intriguing as it is central to the human story. She traces how, from the moment we first harnessed the power of fire to the Industrial Revolution and beyond, the quest to manipulate friction has driven innovation, culture, and even our own evolution. Today, as scientists study friction in the most unexpected of places, they're learning why some viruses lie dormant for years while others devastate our cells immediately; where elusive dark matter might be found; and how the climate crisis ought finally be addressed. And yet, for all they've learned, scientists still haven't cracked the greatest mystery of all: how to bridge the distinct laws that govern friction at its largest and smallest scales. Connecting the discoveries of historical luminaries like Newton, da Vinci, and the Wright brothers to the latest breakthroughs in engineering, Friction is a captivating biography of this unsung hero of the physical world.
Two-dimensional Valleytronic Materials
Valleytronics is a brand-new field, which is considered superior to traditional electronics and spintronics due to recent experimental progress at room temperature in manipulating valley degree of freedom. This book aims to give an overview of the theoretical and experimental developments achieved in valleytronics based on various 2D materials.
Municipal Solid, Agricultural, and Mining Waste in Sub-Saharan Africa
The book seeks to cover the application of the principles of the circular economy within the context of the processing and waste management industry in sub-Saharan Africa. It includes topics related to the circular economy and the sustainable use of resources in the mining, process industry, and waste management sectors, and examines how some resources from these sectors, currently treated as "waste", can be converted into secondary resources that can help drive economic development.Features: Describes fundamental environmental and process engineering principles to understand waste valorization technologies. Covers sustainable solid waste management and recovery of resources from solid waste from an African perspective. Provides guidelines for specific approaches to long-term sustainable waste management. Includes alternative waste treatment technologies in order of priority as per the waste hierarchy. Introduces pertinent industry-specific case studies, worked examples, and problems. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in environmental and chemical engineering and waste treatment.
Chemistry of Dehydrogenation Reactions and Its Applications
The present book focuses on advancement in the application of heterogeneous catalytic materials for the dehydrogenative synthesis of valuable organic compounds from substrates such as alcohols and simple aliphatic compounds. Several heterogeneous transition metals-based catalytic materials are explored for the synthesis of valuable chemicals for industrial applications. The book provides insight into the application of state-of-the-art technology for energy utilization and clean chemical synthesis.Features: Offers a wide overview of dehydrogenation catalytic chemistry catalyzed by transition metals and their compounds. Helps design novel and more benign and uncomplicated protocols for the synthesis of valuable chemicals from readily available raw materials. Provides deeper insight into the aspect of dehydrogenation reactions for clean chemical synthesis via a cascade process. Summarizes new mechanistic details of dehydrogenation reactions, experimental side development and applications of dehydrogenation techniques. Explores alternative solutions for the assimilation and transportation of clean energy in the form of hydrogen energy utilization. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in chemical engineering, chemistry, catalysis, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical chemistry and petrochemistry.
Wastewater Treatment in Steel Industries
Treatment of toxic wastewater generated from different unit operations of the steel industry is a matter of extensive research. The most important is the utilization of different treatment techniques, especially ozonation, electrocoagulation, precipitation, and various hybrid methods for the remediation of toxic pollutants. This book covers case studies of various treatment techniques utilized for the remediation of different steel industry unit operation wastewater. The book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in wastewater treatment and chemical engineering.Features: Focuses on case studies of steel industry-generated wastewater treatment Discusses different unit operations of the steel industry along with wastewater generation Provides insights for the remediation of toxic industrial wastewater by different advanced treatment techniques Considers the environmental impacts of the generated steel plant wastewater Includes focused knowledge and future insights on wastewater treatment
Wastewater Treatment Using Green Synthesis
Wastewater Treatment Using Green Synthesis discusses advances in wastewater treatment with a focus on biological processes. Major topics discussed include bioremediation through microorganisms, green and iron-based nanoparticles in wastewater treatment, TiO2 Doped Lignocellulosic Biopolymer with an emphasis on their photodegradation potential for a variety of pollutants, and permanent film growth. It further includes remediation of industrial sludges/effluents with a particular emphasis on biological treatment, phytoremediation, and de-ballasting water treatment technology. Features: Focuses on the implementation of effective wastewater treatment with orientation towards biological processes Covers both biological and physico-chemical waste and wastewater treatment processes, focusing on emerging techniques Reviews computational method approaches, the application of TiO2-doped biopolymers, iron nanoparticles, and the use of molecular techniques for wastewater treatment Illustrates molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, homology modelling, and biodegradation pathways prediction Includes dedicated chapters on biological wastewater treatment This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in environmental and chemical engineering with a focus on wastewater treatment.
Management Strategies and Resilience Against Natech Events
Advances in Microwave Engineering
The text showcases the recent advancements in the field of microwave engineering, starting from the use of innovative materials to the latest microwave applications. It will also highlight safety guidelines for exposure to microwave and radio frequency energy.
Technological Advancement in E-waste Management
The theme of this book is sustainable e-waste management through effective amalgamation of information and communication technologies (ICT) and green recycling technologies to ensure development of intelligent, smart, and sustainable systems supported by recent case studies from OEMs, IT industries as well as E-waste recyclers.
Understanding Data Analytics and Predictive Modelling in the Oil and Gas Industry
This book covers aspects of data science and predictive analytics used in the oil and gas industry by looking into the challenges of data processing and data modelling unique to this industry. It includes upstream management, intelligent/digital wells, value chain integration, crude basket forecasting, and so forth. It further discusses theoretical, methodological, well-established, and validated empirical work dealing with various related topics. Special focus has been given to experimental topics with various case studies.Features: Provides an understanding of the basics of IT technologies applied in the oil and gas sector Includes deep comparison between different artificial intelligence techniques Analyzes different simulators in the oil and gas sector as well as discussion of AI applications Focuses on in-depth experimental and applied topics Details different case studies for upstream and downstream This book is aimed at professionals and graduate students in petroleum engineering, upstream industry, data analytics, and digital transformation process in oil and gas.
Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing
This book describes the operations and industrial processes related to the production of advanced materials including ingot and powder metallurgy processing routes. It outlines the deformation processing mechanisms inducing failure at both ambient and high temperatures. Further, it embodies practical knowledge and engineering mechanisms of traditional and unorthodox material disposal approaches, concurrently with gear cutting/ manufacturing and computer numerically controlled machining. The surface fusion of metals in the production of coatings via the process of laser cladding is also covered.Features: Covers novel and multi-variety techniques of materials processing and manufacturing. Reports on the significant variables of the processes and basic operations of advanced materials. Discusses fundamental and engineering machining analysis. Includes novel fabrication of TiAl alloys using both powder and ingot metallurgy routes. Enables critical thinking through technical problem solving of local service manufacturers. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in materials and manufacturing engineering.
Experimental Investigation of Composite Beam
Steel and concrete are the two materials most frequently used in the building sector. However, combining these two materials to create composite construction maximizes their advantages. Composite joints have emerged as one of the most promising approaches over the last decades. The moment-rotation relationship illustrates the bending behavior of composite beam-column joints. Maximum moments, rotations, strain and energy absorption capacity were found and studied. The previous research studied composite materials behavior; few studies investigated the connection of joints in the composite structure. Therefore, the connection of joints in the composite structure needs to be further investigated. This research aims to experimentally assess the impact of welding type on the steel beam - column joint and the effect of connection typed on the composite beam-to-column joint as well as investigating the failure modes experimentally of the different connection methods of the beam-column composite joints.
Metamaterials in Topological Acoustics
As an equivalent counterpart of topological research on photonics and condensed matter physics, acoustic metamaterials create an opportunity to explore the topological behaviors in phononics and physics of programmable acoustics. This book introduces the topological behavior of acoustics through the novel design of metamaterials. It provides valuable insight into acoustic metamaterials, from multidisciplinary fundamentals to cutting-edge research. Serves as a single resource on acoustic metamaterials Covers the fundamentals of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and state-of-the-art condensed matter physics principles so that topological acoustics can be easily understood by engineers Introduces topological behaviors with acoustics and elastic waves through quantum analogue Hall effects, quantum spin Hall effects, and quantum valley Hall effects and their applications Explains the pros and cons of different design methods and gives guidelines for selecting specific designs of acoustic metamaterials with specific topological behaviors Includes MATLAB(R) code for numerical analysis of band structures This book is written for graduate students, researchers, scientists, and professionals across materials, mechanical, civil, and aerospace engineering, and those who want to enhance their understanding and commence research in metamaterials.
Hydrogels
The demand for advanced energy devices such as high-performance batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, electrolyzers, and flexible/wearable devices is increasing rapidly. To meet such demand, high-performance and stable materials that could be used as active materials in these devices are much needed. This book focuses on the use of hydrogels in such emerging applications.The main objective of this book is to provide current, state-of-the-art development in hydrogel-based materials, their applications in energy, and their future challenges. This book covers the entire spectrum of hydrogels for their applications in a range of energy devices in terms of materials, various synthetic approaches, architectural aspects, design and technology of energy devices, and challenges. This book covers the fundamentals of hydrogels, various composites of hydrogels, design concepts, different technologies, and applications in the diverse energy area. All chapters are written by experts in these areas around the world, making this a suitable textbook for students and providing new guidelines to researchers and industries working in these areas.This book includes topics such as various approaches to synthesizing hydrogels, their characterizations, and emerging applications in the energy area. Fundamentals of energy devices, working principles, and their challenges are also covered. This book will provide new directions to scientists, researchers, and students to better understand hydrogel-based materials and their emerging applications in energy.
Lubricants and Waxes
This book covers chemistry of lubricants and waxes up to technologies applied for their commercial production including technologies in commercial operation. Grease as a lubricant in solid form including various formulations characterizing grease and liquid lubricants has been extensively covered. The environment impacts of the processes along with environment friendly processes developed have also been covered along with data in the book. To make the book more practical, various plants' operating conditions have been provided as a part of case studies.Features: Provides updated information on the process, technologies, and application especially for production of Group-II and III base oils Covers theory behind the processes including stoichiometry of chemical reactions, physical and chemical structures, and theoretical text explanations Includes mathematical equations and data to evaluate the actual operations and/or check design of the plant Explores practical applications including commercial production of lubricants and waxes Covers various industrial case studies This book is aimed at Professionals in industries involving the application of lubricants and waxes.
Anaerobic Digestion Process for Biogas Production from Organic Wastes
Environmental pollution is one of the major problems plaguing the modern world today. The environment and the various elements in the environment need energy to meet their need. So there is a need to produce energy from different sources. Solid Waste is one such material that can be used as a source for deriving energy. The studies on conversion of solid waste to energy have resulted several alternatives including the bio gas generation from biodegradable organic waste.There are several alternatives in the estimation of bio gas yield from the biodegradable fraction of solid waste. The different types of biodegradable organic waste may comprises of cow dung, pig waste, poultry manure, food waste, vegetable waste, kitchen waste etc. The present study focuses on production of bio gas using cow dung with vegetable waste and poultry manure. In this study, by doing experimentation it is observed that the production of bio gas from co-digestion of different organic waste is more than individual waste. The highest yield of bio gas is obtained from co-digestion of cow dung with poultry manure than co-digestion of cow dung with the vegetable waste.
