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Phraseology and the Advanced Language Learner
Phraseology is often thought of as an anomaly and a headache for language learners. However, researchers have tended to focus on just one end of the scale: fairly fixed, conventional multi-word units. Here their special status and any divergence from the standard form are clearly evident. What happens at the other end of the scale? How much and what kind of variability does phraseological patterning tolerate? Svetlana Vetchinnikova explores meaning-shift units (MSUs) in second language usage, acquisition and processing. Importantly, she argues for the value of looking at individual languages and tracing MSUs as they are learned from exposure, used in individual language output and processed in the mind - and advocates a shift of focus from groups to individuals. This important study develops a unified view on phraseological patterning in second language acquisition and use and the processes which lead to it.
The Good Monster? The Portrayal of the Monster in Patrick Ness' "A Monster Calls"
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 2,7, University of Siegen (Fakult瓣t 1), course: Intermedialit瓣t Anglistik/Amerikanistik, language: English, abstract: In this term paper, I will analyse what the yew tree monster in Patrick Ness' novel "A Monster Calls" symbolizes and how it is portrayed. In order to examine the role of the monster, I will present some theoretical approaches to the topics of monstrosity and teratology and define what is considered monstrous in the second chapter following this introductory first chapter. In this context, I will take a specific look at the role of monsters in children's literature and their interaction with child protagonists. Afterwards, in the third chapter, I will analyse in particular the meaning and function of the yew tree monster in the novel "A Monster Calls" by Patrick Ness, published in 2011. Although the creature's monstrosity is a core element of the story, the monster fulfils a role besides creating plain horror and fear. In addition to that, the last chapter will deal with the role of the illustrations within the novel and their effects. Finally, I will summarize the results of my analysis in a short conclusion about the symbolism and the way of portrayal of the yew tree monster in Ness' novel.
Language and Online Identities
Forensic linguistics is at the cutting edge of the undercover policing of child sexual abuse on the open internet and dark web, and language and identity is a fundamental part of this. The authors have drawn on their extensive experience in training undercover officers to develop innovative methods in identifying the creation and performance of online personas, crucial in detecting identity disguise online. This groundbreaking book demonstrates these methods through case studies, whilst also exploring the link between language and identity. By bringing together previously opposed positions in forensic authorship analysis, the book develops a novel theory of linguistic identity, which will resonate not just in forensic authorship research but in sociolinguistics more widely. This unique forensic linguistic project has real-life impact in assisting the police in their investigation of online abusers, and has impact for students and researchers of linguistics, through its contribution to the research of linguistic identities.
Sociolinguistic Variation in Children's Language
How we vary our speech is fundamental in signalling who we are, where we're from and where we're going. How and when does such variation arise? Here, leading experts Jennifer Smith and Mercedes Durham address this question through a sociolinguistic analysis of the speech of preschool children in interaction with their primary caregivers. Bringing together two fields of linguistic research - variationist sociolinguistics and first language acquisition - the study focusses both qualitative and quantitative analysis of a range of variables to show when and how variation is acquired by young children, and the effect the caregiver's interaction has on this process. In doing so, they tackle a fundamental question in language research: when and how do children acquire the highly complex patterns of variation widely attested in adult speech?
Social Justice Through Pedagogies of Multiliteracies
Social Justice through Pedagogies of Multiliteracies explores the ways in which pedagogies of multiliteracies can be used to promote and achieve situated forms of social justice, especially for minoritized L2 learners.This edited collection focuses on pedagogies of multiliteracies that seek to develop and strengthen L2 learner identity and agency within and outside formal educational contexts in bilingual, multilingual, multimodal, community, language, and teacher education. The volume contextualizes agency and identity around questions, ideologies, and issues related to language, gender, sex, sexuality, body, race, and ethnicity. Contributions illustrate the design and implementation of pedagogies of multiliteracies through a diverse range of modalities and settings: linguistic landscapes, graphic novels, picturebooks, photovoice, text, and imagery through instructor- and student-developed materials. The volume acknowledges, enacts, and builds upon the responsibility of L2 educators to develop pedagogies of multiliteracies that reflect the life experiences, identities, and needs of minoritized L2 individuals in the curriculum in order to realize the social justice aim of L2 education.Social Justice through Pedagogies of Multiliteracies will be of interest to L2 researchers, teachers, and teacher educators.
Sustainabilitiy in China. China's food security over the last 30 years
Essay from the year 2022 in the subject Orientalism / Sinology - Chinese / China, grade: 1,7, Catholic University Eichst瓣tt-Ingolstadt, language: English, abstract: A major strategic goal and task of governments around the globe is ensuring adequate nutrition for the country織s population and thus providing sufficient food security. On the supranational level, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has committed itself to this task and continuously works towards combating hunger and malnutrition worldwide. At the World Food Summit in Rome in 1996, the organization and 186 country leaders developed a framework and complex definition of food security that is still valid today: "Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life" (World Food Summit 1996). This definition reflects the complexity and multidimensionality of the topic, as it includes a sufficient availability of qualitative valuable food, access to adequate nutritional resources, as well as stability and utilization. The latter emphasizes the inherent need for complementary resources like clean water and sanitary facilities, whereas the dimension of stability adds the indispensability of resilience and predictability of sufficient food resources to prevent losing access to food due to external shocks. Likewise, food itself is also multidimensional. As it is needed continually and on a regular basis, timing and daily availability are central requirements. Additionally, food must be available at a reasonable price at the market and moreover fulfils socio-cultural functions. As each culture has its own diet traditions and norms, not everything edible is socially or culturally accepted. Constraints and preferences must therefore be considered when assessing a country織s food security. To evaluate the development of China織s food security over the last
Kew Gardens & A Society
Kew Gardens & A Society: Level 600 Reader (L+) (CEFR B1) features contemporary, streamlined adaptations of two celebrated works by Virginia Woolf. Kew Gardens, initially released in 1919, delves into the diverse thoughts and emotions of several individuals as they meander through London's renowned botanical gardens. Meanwhile, A Society, released in 1921, critiques the stark inequalities within early 20th-century British society through biting satire, exposing the superficiality and exclusionary nature of England's upper echelons.Level 600 Matatabi Reader (L+): - Flesch Kincaid Grade (Level 600): 3 to 4- CEFR: B1- Lexical Range (L+): 1190 Headwords- Total Word Count: 5180 (1320 + 3860)
A grammar of Paunaka
This book offers the first detailed grammatical description of Paunaka, an Arawakan language spoken (in 2023) by eight people in the Chiquitania region in the lowlands of Eastern Bolivia. The grammar builds on material collected during several fieldwork trips between 2009 and 2020 by the team of the Paunaka Documentation Project, which was funded by the ELDP from 2011-2013. This material includes roughly 120 hours of audio and video recordings, which have been archived at ELAR. In 2022, the dissertation on which this book is based received the annual Research Award at the Europa-Universit瓣t Flensburg. The grammar provides a description of the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Paunaka, including numerous comparative remarks to closely related languages. It includes over 1500 examples, most of them accompanied by a brief description of their original linguistic or extralinguistic context.
Developing Intercultural Language Materials
Developing Intercultural Language Learning Materials puts intercultural competence at the forefront of the learning agenda.This research-grounded and action-oriented text is essential reading for language and cultural studies practitioners who want to help their students thrive in today's multicultural world.
Noun phrases in early Germanic languages
On the premise that syntactic variation is constrained by factors that may not always be immediately obvious, this volume explores various perspectives on the nominal syntax in the early Germanic languages and the syntactic diversity they display. The fact that these languages are relatively well attested and documented allows for individual cases studies as well as comparative studies. Due to their well-observable common ancestry at the time of their earliest attestations, they moreover permit close-up comparative investigations into closely related languages. Besides the purely empirical aspects, the volume also explores the methodological side of diagnosing, classifying and documenting the details of syntactic diversity. The volume starts with a description by Alexander Pfaff and Gerlouf Bouma of the principles underlying the Noun Phrases in Early Germanic Languages (NPEGL) database, before Alexander Pfaff presents the Patternization method for measuring syntactic diversity. Kristin Bech, Hannah Booth, Kersti B繹rjars, Tine Breban, Svetlana Petrova, and George Walkden carry out a pilot study of noun phrase variation in Old English, Old High German, Old Icelandic, and Old Saxon. Kristin Bech then considers the development of Old English noun phrases with quantifiers meaning 'many'. Alexandra Rehn's study is concerned with the inflection of stacked adjectives in Old High German and Alemannic. Old High German is also the topic of Svetlana Petrova's study, which looks at inflectional patterns of attributive adjectives. With Hannah Booth's contribution we move to Old Icelandic and the use of the proprial article as a topic management device. Juliane Tiemann investigates adjective position in Old Norwegian. Alexander Pfaff and George Walkden then take a broader view of adjectival articles in early Germanic, before Alexander Pfaff rounds off the volume with a study of a peculiar class of adjectives, the so-called positional predicates, which occur across the early German
Enseignement du Fran癟ais Langue Etrang癡re au Burundi
Ce livre tire, en effet, son origine du constat des difficult矇s de nombreux apprenants burundais ? s'exprimer avec aisance en fran癟ais. Devant ce constat, nous avons cherch矇 ? conna簾tre les causes qui expliquent ce handicap, alors que ces apprenants burundais passent plus de 600 heures au secondaire ? apprendre cette langue. Il nous fallait 矇galement savoir les raisons pour lesquelles ces 矇l癡ves ne lisent pas et comprendre pourquoi ils ne font pas preuve de cr矇ativit矇 au niveau litt矇raire. Ces questions ont donn矇 lieu ? un livre structur矇e en deux parties essentielles. Dans la premi癡re partie de ce livre, nous pr矇sentons la configuration sociolinguistique du Burundi en rendant compte de la place et du r繫le des langues en usage dans ce pays. Nous avons par la suite fait conna簾tre l'institution scolaire du Burundi en pr矇sentant son organisation, ses diff矇rents d矇membrements et les services qui s'occupent de l'enseignement du fran癟ais et les programmes de cet enseignement. Dans cette partie, nous avons 矇galement pr矇sent矇 les disciplines et les concepts cl矇s sur lesquels repose cette 矇tude et la m矇thodologie de recherche que nous avons adopt矇e. Dans la deuxi癡me partie de ce livre nous exposons les r矇sultats de notre recherche et nous les avons analys矇s par la suite. Ainsi dans un premier chapitre, ce sont les pratiques linguistiques orales et 矇crites de lyc矇ens burundais qui ont 矇t矇 矇tudi矇es. Ces pratiques linguistiques ont 矇t矇 d矇crites sous les aspects morphosyntaxiques, lexico竅 s矇mantiques et phon矇tico-phonologiques. Le deuxi癡me chapitre de cette partie rend compte des r矇ponses des enseignants ? un questionnaire d'enqu礙te. Le troisi癡me chapitre de cette partie montre que les enseignants n'int癡grent pas ? ce jour les nouvelles approches de l'enseignement-apprentissage du fran癟ais qui mettent l'apprenant au coeur de la formation.
Grammatical systems without language borders
Current research in grammatical analysis and sociolinguistics points to two core characteristics of language that seem incommensurable at first sight: (1) research on linguistic structure indicates internal organisation and coherence, and the workings and interactions of distinct grammatical systems, but (2) sociolinguistic research suggests that language borders and bound "languages" are counterfactual social constructs that cannot capture the diversity and fluidity of actual language use. This seems to constitute something like a "quantum-linguistic" paradox: language systems aren't real (they are just ideological constructions), but at the same time, they are a reflection of actual structure. This book shows how this paradox can be resolved through an architecture that allows for grammatical systems without presupposing language borders: this architecture puts communicative situations, rather than languages, at the core of linguistic systematicity, while named languages are captured as optional sociolinguistic indices. The approach builds on insights from "free-range" language, a metaphor for language in settings that are less confined by monoglossic ideologies. The author looks at four different kinds of settings: urban markets, heritage language settings, multiethnic adolescent peer-groups, and digital social media. Central lessons to be learned from such free-range language settings are: (1) communicative situations support linguistic differentiation and can thus be the basis for fluid registers; (2) grammatical systematicity is grounded in communicative situations and does not require bound languages and linguistic borders; (3) named "languages" can emerge as social indices signalling belonging, but this is an optional, not a necessary development.
Transnational East Asian Studies
Transnational East Asian Studies demonstrates how transnationalism as a mode of intellectual enquiry has wide-ranging interdisciplinary potential and has immense value when examining the past, just as much as much as when examining the present. Artificially erected borders, which appear on maps and globes, fail to consider the ways people in diverse regions live and practice their everyday lives, existing beyond boundaries. The people of East Asia have always been on the move, they have never been homogeneous, and have evolved together, not apart. In this sense, people around the globe and also in East Asia have always been involved in a process of change and transformation. Hence, transnationalism is a way to overcome methodological nationalism, not only as a concept of identity and spatiality, but also as a concept temporally situated in the modern, because as a methodology, transnationalism does not take the national as a precondition. It allows us to move beyond and across borders, and to examine how ideas have been used and transformed in different contexts. This book thus underscores the complex interactions in the context of East Asia, past and present, while shaping the future of this complicated region.
Arabic Between State and Nation
In order to better understand the political conditions of the Arabic language in Israel, a comparison with the political conditions of Arabic in the Levant as well as the Diaspora is necessary. Comparison consists of macro factors, such as nation-state building, and at the micro level, the daily public usage of Arabic. While the relationship between language and nationhood is well documented, study of the unique socio-political situation of the use of Arabic in the Jewish state, and in particular language usage in East Jerusalem, has hitherto not been addressed. The removal of Arabic as an official language in Israel in 2018 has major implications for IsraeliPalestinian accommodation. Research for the book relied on ethnographic fieldwork as well as sociolinguistic literature. Investigation is wide-ranging: distinguishing the different public presences of language; the state of literacy (publishing, education); and (formal and informal) interviews with students, teachers and journalists. Linguists often consider the Levant to belong to one dialect group but post-1918 people in the Levant have had to deal with separate political realities, and language differences reflect their unique political and social circumstances. The history of European colonialism is but one influencing factor. Diaspora comparison engages with the US city of Dearborn, Michigan, home to the largest Arab American community in one locality. How does this community find meaning in both being American and a threat to national security? This dilemma is mirrored in the life of Palestinians in Israel. Security and securitisation are relational concepts (Rampton and Charalambous 2019), and language plays a large part in personal sense of belonging. Analytical tools such as the concept of seamline (Eyal 2006), and indexicality (Silverstein 1979), assist in coming to terms with the metapragmatic meanings of language. This important book reaches far beyond linguistic difference; it goes to the heart of political, social and economic despair faced by multiple communities.
Transnational East Asian Studies
Transnational East Asian Studies demonstrates how transnationalism as a mode of intellectual enquiry has wide-ranging interdisciplinary potential and has immense value when examining the past, just as much as much as when examining the present. Artificially erected borders, which appear on maps and globes, fail to consider the ways people in diverse regions live and practice their everyday lives, existing beyond boundaries. The people of East Asia have always been on the move, they have never been homogeneous, and have evolved together, not apart. In this sense, people around the globe and also in East Asia have always been involved in a process of change and transformation. Hence, transnationalism is a way to overcome methodological nationalism, not only as a concept of identity and spatiality, but also as a concept temporally situated in the modern, because as a methodology, transnationalism does not take the national as a precondition. It allows us to move beyond and across borders, and to examine how ideas have been used and transformed in different contexts. This book thus underscores the complex interactions in the context of East Asia, past and present, while shaping the future of this complicated region.
Global and local perspectives on language contact
This edited volume pays tribute to traditional and innovative language contact research, bringing together contributors with expertise on different languages examining general phenomena of language contact and specific linguistic features which arise in language contact scenarios. A particular focus lies on contact between languages of unbalanced political and symbolic power, language contact and group identity, and the linguistic and societal implications of language contact settings, especially considering contemporary global migration streams. Drawing on various methodological approaches, among others, corpus and contrastive linguistics, linguistic landscapes, sociolinguistic interviews, and ethnographic fieldwork, the contributions describe phenomena of language contact between and with Romance languages, Semitic languages, and English(es).
Compound Intonation Units in Totoli
This book is an investigation into aspects of prosody, intonation and the prosody-syntax interface in Totoli, an endangered Austronesian language. With a strongly data-driven approach, the study integrates a combination of experimental evidence from both production and perception with corpus-based evidence through descriptive and inferential statistics. The study takes the prime structuring unit of speech - the Intonation Unit - as its principal unit of investigation. It presents a thorough description of the IU, develops an intonational model of it, and investigates the syntactic units it contains. The author argues that the data is best analysed by assuming recursive embedding of Intonation Units into Compound Intonation Units. This research represents a significant advancement in our understanding of the nature of prosodic systems found in the languages of the region and in intonational systems in general. It is one of the few investigations into the intonation of Austronesian languages and its analytical proposals are relevant both to prosodic theory and to phonological typology.
Alone with Each Other
This collection of essays by an award winning scholar and poet will appeal to readers from many areas of English, with particular appeal to grad students preparing to teach writing courses. "As an admirer of Eli Goldblatt's original, groundbreaking, and beautifully crafted written work in composition, I think this focused book of his collected essays will be extremely compelling reading for people in this field." -Russel Durst, Professor, University of Cincinnati "Goldblatt's perspective, his embeddedness in his place, community, and culture, and his range of topical interests is truly unique. He is a teacher, poet, essayist, activist, literacy scholar, and publisher of great importance. I don't know anyone else whose work can simultaneously occupy so many vantage points so deeply and well." -Paula Mathieu, Associate Professor, Boston College
Discours Crois矇s Sur l'Architecture
Sans discours, quelle serait la port矇e de l'architecture ? Cet ouvrage collectif souhaite montrer comment l'architecture se nourrit d'un discours pour exister, se transformer ou se p矇renniser. Le discours et l'architecture, deux constructions r矇gies par des r癡gles propres, se font naturellement 矇cho. De quels motifs architecturaux le discours se fait-il le repr矇sentant ? Quelles sont les strat矇gies discursives propres aux manifestes pour l'av癡nement d'une architecture ou d'un urbanisme ? La part m矇taphorique largement pr矇sente dans ces discours rel癡ve-t-elle de l'imaginaire d'un architecte ou du bien-fond矇 d'une architecture ? La tentative d'identifier les mots, premiers outils de l'architecte, leur 矇volution et leur arrangement dans une mise en discours seront autant d'occasions de saisir des urbanit矇s 矇crites, d矇crites, voire proscrites, et de mettre en 矇vidence les caract矇ristiques discursives d'une vision urbanistique ou architecturale qui composent un archilecte .
Linguistics: Textual, Contextual, Conceptual Concerns in Contemporary Literary and Cultural Productions
This volume of the Synergy Literature series focuses mainly on contemporary literary and cultural works in English. Authors of this book bring new perspectives on a wide range of literary works, as well as significant social movements and works of popular culture, with a focus mostly but not solely on novels, plays, and poetry. The book consists of 10 chapters, each covering various historical periods, literary works, and themes. While reading this book, readers will encounter analyses of works in the fantasy genre or the best-selling science fiction of recent years, or they will see reflections on feminism from the past to the present. In this regard, this book will be an important sourcebook for a broad scientific readership of graduate students and academics, regardless of the genre or period of literature in which they specialize.
Alone with Each Other
This collection of essays by an award winning scholar and poet will appeal to readers from many areas of English, with particular appeal to grad students preparing to teach writing courses. "As an admirer of Eli Goldblatt's original, groundbreaking, and beautifully crafted written work in composition, I think this focused book of his collected essays will be extremely compelling reading for people in this field." -Russel Durst, Professor, University of Cincinnati "Goldblatt's perspective, his embeddedness in his place, community, and culture, and his range of topical interests is truly unique. He is a teacher, poet, essayist, activist, literacy scholar, and publisher of great importance. I don't know anyone else whose work can simultaneously occupy so many vantage points so deeply and well." -Paula Mathieu, Associate Professor, Boston College
Thomas Hardy and Eco-criticism. From Romantic Literature to Climate Change Fiction
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, University of Bamberg, course: Anglistik at Otto-Friedrich University of Bamberg, language: English, abstract: The industrialization of the 18th and 19th centuries reshaped both the physical landscape and societal structures, leading to the decline of rural life and a growing disconnection from nature. Thomas Hardy, renowned for his affection for the countryside and commitment to preserving traditions, captured this shift in his literary works. This paper examines Hardy's portrayal of nature through the lens of eco-criticism, a framework exploring environmental themes in literature. Hardy's novels, such as "Far from the Madding Crowd" and "Tess of the D'Urbervilles," depict the tension between rural and urban life, highlighting the impact of ecological factors on human existence. Through analysis of Hardy's narrative techniques, including anthropomorphism and personification, his ecological consciousness can be uncovered. Understanding the interplay between humanity and nature in Hardy's works sheds light on his enduring relevance as a literary figure and advocate for environmental conservation.
Society, Nature, Death and Commemoration in Thomas Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard"
Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, LMU Munich, language: English, abstract: This paper delves into the timeless themes of mortality, remembrance, and societal values through an analysis of Thomas Gray's poem, "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard." Drawing on historical, literary, and philosophical perspectives, the analysis examines how Gray's elegy resonates with contemporary understandings of success, social class, and the human condition. Through a close reading of selected passages, the paper explores the poem's meditations on life, death, and the enduring impact of one's character. By contextualizing Gray's work within the broader tradition of elegiac poetry and tracing its influence on subsequent Romantic writers, this study illuminates the enduring relevance and universal appeal of the elegy as a form of reflection and commemoration.
Experiencing emotions through literature. A case study of "Prosperity Drive" by Mary Morrissy
Case Study from the year 2022 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,7, University of Tubingen (Seminar f羹r Anglistik), course: Powerful Prose, language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to study emotions in literature, but specifically not the emotional response of a given actual reader, but the emotional responses connected to the authorial intention and an imagined authorial audience. Although the authorial intention can obviously not be fully grasped without consulting the author itself and without accumulating quite specific data surrounding the life of the author and the creation process of the text, this paper serves as one possible interpretation of the primary source and its emotional framework. Especially as there are none to be found so far about this particular source. The primary source for this paper will be the short story collection "Prosperity Drive" published in 2016 by Irish writer Mary Morrissy. As an illustration of the conveyed emotions, then, the aspects of narrative mode, choice of words and texture features have been chosen because they encompass many areas in which the authorial intention of emotional conveyance can be observed and shall be analysed through a close-reading approach. Because of the above-mentioned points of subjectivity, however, this does by no means represent an exhaustive list.
Language for Academic Purposes
As a demonstration of expertise, students have to have a large vocabulary pool on which to draw in writing the continuous assessment essay (CAE) and final-year project that culminate in the award of the classes of the degrees of their choice. Yet, no teacher's laudatory efforts can enable his or her students to perform excellently well without the latter taking part of the responsibility for their own learning in such a way as to learn to go beyond the constraints of the use of the common everyday vocabulary item, as stressed in the classroom, and making choice pickings from that additional pool of words they come to know about from their own efforts at pleasurable reading of many kinds. Once the vocabulary pool has been enhanced, it is then put to good use in bouts of writing - assigned both in the classroom and outside it. It is to that end that this introductory book was written.
Cinematic Portrayals of Alzheimer's Disease. Realism, Responsibility, and Representation
Master's Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Duisburg-Essen (Anglophone Studies), language: English, abstract: The depiction of Alzheimer's disease in films raises questions about its accuracy and responsibility in portraying a complex issue for entertainment purposes. This study delves into the balance between cinematic storytelling and factual representation, motivated by the influence of movies on public perception and understanding. The investigation begins with two main drivers. Firstly, Alzheimer's disease is a significant societal concern, constituting a large portion of dementia cases worldwide and projected to increase. The linguistic aspects of Alzheimer's are particularly intriguing, yet not extensively explored. Secondly, a notable gap exists in research regarding how Alzheimer's-related language impairments are depicted in films, prompting an examination of their realism and adequacy. This paper follows a structured approach, starting with an overview of Alzheimer's disease, its stages, symptoms, and linguistic implications. Understanding the connection between language and the brain sets the stage for analyzing cinematic representations effectively. The methodology section outlines the approach taken, including corpus compilation, research tools, and data analysis methods, essential for rigorously examining cinematic portrayals. The core analysis focuses on selected films, exploring how they conceptualize and portray Alzheimer's-related linguistic challenges. These analyses are contextualized within the established framework, facilitating a nuanced understanding of the films' fidelity to reality. Subsequent discussions synthesize the findings, drawing comparisons and conclusions about the realism and adequacy of cinematic depictions. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of accurate representation in raising awareness and facilitating early detectio
The Demonic Femme Fatale. Demonized Women in Mythology and Film Noir
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 2,0, University of Frankfurt (Main) (IEAS), language: English, abstract: This analysis argues that femmes fatales, just like many mythological women, are crucially misunderstood. Although these characters are often demonized in popular narratives, many of them represent victimized women who are demonized for challenging the oppressive environments that they suffer from. Their instrumentalized assets of gender and sexuality are their societal capital which either determines their worth in a man's world or is the characteristic which they are demonized for. With the aforementioned examination of the undefinable femme fatale in mind, it will be argued that established cultural conceptions of Eve, Delilah, Salom矇, Medusa, and the Sirens produce a demonized image of women which consolidates Film Noir's trope of the femme fatale. For this analysis, it will be assessed how preconceived convictions that manifest themselves in established interpretations of mythology manipulate the perceptions of the female protagonists in Charles Vidor's Gilda (1946) and Billy Wilder's Sunset Boulevard (1950).
Idiom Choice for Dictionaries. A Phraseological Evaluation of Food-related Idioms
Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1.3, LMU Munich (Department of English Studies), course: Dictionaries, language: English, abstract: This paper examines how it can be decided which idioms to include in a dictionary, what criteria need to be met, and how to make sure the layout is helpful and clear to users. First, the research background is laid down, including a definition of idioms and an examination of their challenges. In this part, idioms in dictionaries will also be focused on, as well as food-related idioms. Next, 25 food-related idioms will be analysed in terms of frequency, transparency, frozenness and size, as those categories give the most information about their function and perception. Finally, the results are discussed, focusing on implications for dictionaries. For the analysis, the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) is used, mainly for checking the frequency of idioms and creating a frozenness scale. The transparency of each idiom is rated by the researcher with feedback from peers, and for size, the letters in each idiom are counted automatically with the Excel COUNT function. It has to be considered that this study is of a rather small scope and is therefore not representative, but can be seen more as a case study. The suggestions and recommendations made at the end can still be applied to most idiom representations in dictionaries. The goal of this paper is to advise dictionary creators in their view on idioms, and also inform dictionary users on the use of idioms in dictionaries in general.
The Victorians and English Dialect
The Victorians and English Dialect tells the story of the Victorians' discovery of English dialect, and of the revaluation of local language that was brought about by the new, historical philology of the nineteenth century. Regional dialects came to be seen not as corrupt or pernicious, but rather as venerable and precious. The book examines the work of the ground-breaking collectors of the 1840s and 1850s, who first alerted their contemporaries to the importance of local dialect - and also to the perils that threatened it with extinction. It traces the connection between dialect and literature, in the flourishing of dialect poetry and the foregrounding of regional voices in Victorian fiction. It explains how the antiquity of regional dialects cast light on the national past - the Celts, Anglo-Saxons, and Vikings - and how dialect study was also at the heart of the discovery of local folklore and oral culture: old words, old customs, old beliefs. And it tells the story of the three great monuments of Victorian dialect study that marked the apogee of regional philology: the 80 publications of the English Dialect Society (1873-96), an organization run by a committee of journalists and local historians in Manchester; the nationwide survey of The Existing Phonology of English Dialects (1889), which listened in on local speech in market squares and third-class railway carriages; and the multi-volume English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905), which collected all the previous labours together, and made an enduring record of Victorian dialect.
The Siouan Indians
The Siouan Indians, is a classical and a rare book, that has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and redesigned. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work, and hence their text is clear and readable. This remarkable book falls within the genres of History, America
Thoughts upon the African slave trade
Thoughts upon the African slave trade, is a classical and a rare book, that has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and redesigned. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work, and hence their text is clear and readable. This remarkable book falls within the genres of Social sciences, Communities, Classes, Races
Diversity in 21st Century Linguistics
This book intends to introduce recent studies on Turkish linguistics to a wide scientific readership of graduate students and scholars maximizing interdisciplinary contributions to the literature. The primary aim is to familiarise readers with useful and applicable approaches of theoretical and applied linguistics focusing on Turkish. Since linguistics is an interdisciplinary field, students and scholars from various disciplines like interactional sociolinguistics, translation studies, education, foreign language teaching, linguistic anthropology, cultural studies, psychology might also be interested in the content. This project is mainly research based, therefore suitable as a source book rather than a course book; however, it offers a better potential for insertion into interdisciplinary graduate courses like "readings in linguistics" or seminar modules in various social sciences. The book is structured on the basis of the diversity in 21st-century linguistics, taking into consideration large thematic blocks including micro and macro approaches to linguistics, focusing on Turkish.
The Social Life of Appalachian Englishes
Appalachian Englishes (AEs) have a long history of representation in linguistic literature, but until now no single work has examined the interplay of language production and perception with an eye toward the role that language plays in the construction of personal and social identities.
Language Attitudes, Collective Memory and (Trans)National Identity Construction Among the Armenian Diaspora in Bulgaria
This book examines the processes of symbolic cultivation of identity promoted by Armenian cultural elites in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv, focusing on the transmission of positive language ideologies and emotional elements related to collective memory. Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and a range of primary materials, this work sheds light on the role of the Armenian alphabet in legitimizing collective visions of 'distinctiveness' and of the Armenian Genocide remembrance in shaping non-exclusive, transnational patterns of belonging. While contributing to the study of the complex dynamics and challenges of 'Armenian survival' across space and time, it situates the issue in the unique context of Bulgaria, analyzing, moreover, the impact of proximity to Turkey.
Studieren 2.0
Entdecken Sie in "Studieren 2.0: Mit ChatGPT zum akademischen Erfolg" eine faszinierende Reise durch die vielf瓣ltigen M繹glichkeiten, wie ChatGPT Ihr Studium bereichern kann. Dieser Leitfaden f羹hrt Sie durch innovative Ans瓣tze zur Nutzung dieser fortschrittlichen KI f羹r eine Vielzahl akademischer Herausforderungen. Recherchieren und Lernen: Lernen Sie, wie ChatGPT die Informationsbeschaffung revolutioniert und den Zugang zu Wissen vereinfacht, sodass Sie effizienter studieren k繹nnen. Schreibfertigkeiten verbessern: Entdecken Sie Strategien zur Nutzung von ChatGPT f羹r das Verfassen wissenschaftlicher Arbeiten und Essays, inklusive Themenfindung, Gliederung und ?berarbeitung. Programmierhilfe und Mathematik: Erfahren Sie, wie ChatGPT bei der L繹sung komplexer Programmierprobleme und mathematischer Fragestellungen unterst羹tzen kann, um Lernprozesse zu beschleunigen. Sprachen lernen und kreatives Schreiben: Tauchen Sie ein in die M繹glichkeiten von ChatGPT f羹r das Erlernen neuer Sprachen und f羹r kreative Projekte, die Ihre Ausdrucksf瓣higkeit erweitern. Studienorganisation und Vorbereitung: Nutzen Sie ChatGPT zur Optimierung Ihrer Studienplanung, Zeitmanagement und Pr羹fungsvorbereitungen f羹r einen strukturierten und zielgerichteten Studienalltag. "Studieren 2.0" ist Ihr Schl羹ssel zu einem effizienteren, kreativeren und erfolgreichen Studium. Machen Sie den ersten Schritt in eine Zukunft, in der KI Ihr st瓣rkster Verb羹ndeter im akademischen Erfolg ist.
Shakespeare in Silent Film. "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "Romeo and Juliet" and "Macbeth"
Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, LMU Munich, course: Literature and Film: Shakespeare on Screen, language: English, abstract: The following paragraphs will focus on the early period with the start of the silent movies. A period, in which, plays went from stage to screen for the very first time. The analysis will be carried out in the light of three Shakespearean plays: "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "Romeo and Juliet" and "Macbeth". William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) is considered to be the greatest writer and dramatist in English language. Most of his work was produced during 1589 and 1613 but in 1594, Shakespeare's talent was recognized by the public. His early plays were mostly histories and comedies like for example "A Midsummer Night's Dream". It was later on that he started writing tragedies, such as "Hamlet", "Macbeth" and "Henry VI". In his last working phase, that is to say from 1608 to 1613, Shakespeare produced romances and tragicomedies like "The Winter's Tale". After the plague in 1599, his own playing company built the Globe theatre where his plays were also performed. However, the theatre closed its doors in 1642, but was reconstructed and reopened in a modern form in 1997. Ever since it is referred to as Shakespeare's Globe. The ambition is there in the range and scope of the work, the determination to master all the dramatic kinds, the restless experimentation, the exploitation of the conventions of poetic drama in manner hat never quite loses sight of the need to entertain while constantly stretching the imaginative and intellectual responses of its audiences. The emotional turbulence is there in the frequent depiction of extreme states of mind, both comic and tragic. Shakespeare lived and wrote during the period of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. The queen had a great fondness for theatre, which means that plays were used a tool to please and capture the royal attenti
Social Media Usage in Lauren Oyler's "Fake Accounts"
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,7, University of Siegen (Fakult瓣t 1), course: Epochen der Literatur-, Kultur- und Mediengeschichte, language: English, abstract: In the following term paper, I will investigate how the narrator's usage of social media is portrayed in Lauren Oyler's "Fake Accounts" and how that reflects on the social media behaviour of contemporary young generations in real life. Following this introductory chapter, I will present theoretical approaches on the topic of affect and social media in the second chapter. In addition to that, I will discuss how intertwined processes of online presence and identity creation work within the sphere of the digital world. In the last part of the second chapter, I will briefly reflect on social media influencers and to what extent their roles and performances on social networks differ from average users. The third chapter constitutes an analysis of Oyler's novel "Fake Accounts", as a recent autofictional novel thematizing common issues such as social media usage of young adults, by analysing the novel in the light of the theoretical framework of affect and unaffectedness. I will briefly take a look at the genre of autofiction and investigate to what extent the inclusion of autobiographical elements poses an important factor in regard to the overall topic and my research question. Moreover, I will determine how identity creation and self-staging is performed by the narrator in "Fake Accounts" and how real-life social media behaviour on behalf of young generations is mirrored or even criticized.
![[De]constructing Identities in/through Sex Education](https://cdn.kingstone.com.tw/english/images/product/4389/9783346974389m.webp?Q=7777c "[De]constructing Identities in/through Sex Education")
[De]constructing Identities in/through Sex Education
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 1,0, University of Cologne (Philosophische Fakult瓣t), language: English, abstract: When the British comedy-drama series Sex Education debuted on Netflix in 2020 (with three further seasons following in 2020, 2021and 2023), screenwriter Laurie Nunn's show was welcomed by critics and audiences alike as an innovative addition to the often rather formulaic canon of cinematic teen narratives. This paper will investigate on various levels what role the eponymous [Sex-]Education plays in the series. Education is part and parcel of Sex Education. While telling a story that focuses on the lives of students, parents and teachers of Moordale Secondary School, including [sex-]educational matters in the plot, the show clearly has its own didactics to eventually educate its spectators. On the one hand, conventional educational systems, and mechanisms of socialization such as school, therapy, family, and popular culture are part of the plot, which makes visible the kind of influence these might have on adolescent identity formation. On the other hand, common educational structures are taken and playfully converted. Also, well-known educational hierarchies are mentioned, are deconstructed, and finally re-emerge, their original order reversed. The spectator is presented with the question "Who educates who?". Normative, conventional forms of relation are often dissolved and new forms of companionship or even kinship are established. The series subjects its protagonists as well as its spectators to dichotomies such as direct/indirect education and conscious/unconscious education and it mirrors the different ways in which education can affect and [de-]construct identity. The series investigates the relation between power and knowledge, ultimately obtained through education, it negotiates questions regarding the place and the way in which people receive and share education and it
English Around the World. Teaching Varieties of English Using the Example of Jamaican Creole
Master's Thesis from the year 2022 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,7, University of Koblenz-Landau (Landau), course: Masterarbeit, language: English, abstract: How can varieties of English using the example of Jamaican Creole be taught? The main objective of this thesis will be the introduction of different methods and materials that can be used for teaching varieties of English using the example of Jamaican Creole. Hearing different varieties of English when having learned about only two varieties, that is to say, British and American English, may lead to confusion and in some cases even to aversion towards other varieties thinking that only Standard British or American English are 'real' Englishes. Without a doubt, it is the responsibility of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers to raise awareness about English varieties and make the students realize that every variety of English deserves respect and acceptance. First and foremost, the historical background of Jamaican Creole will be examined and the focus will be on how it emerged and developed. On this occasion, it will be analyzed in what way several languages such as English, Spanish, and African languages have influenced Jamaican Creole. Special attention is directed towards the major terms pidgins and creoles in order to understand how creole languages all over the world have come into existence. In the next step, I will go into further detail on the linguistic profile of Jamaica. The focus will be on the role of Standard Jamaican English and Jamaican Creole in different contexts and situations. As not only one Jamaican Creole exists, the definition of the Post-Creole Continuum will be part of this chapter. Afterward, linguistic features of Jamaican Creole such as phonological, grammatical, and lexical will be further explained and demonstrated through selected examples, in other words, a Reggae song, and a short story. These litera
The Female Perspective of Iran and the West
Scientific Essay from the year 2024 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, language: English, abstract: This paper concentrates on two diasporic Iranian writers and their memories in order to show how their personal experience can be understood and read as a kind of self-orientalisation and purgary of their own lives. It is these two personal stories which unfold an intensive grip on the reader while also leaving space for a generalisation of the terrible situation of the many Muslim women who have to struggle daily. For centuries East and West have been interested in understanding, discussing and criticising each other's religions, cultures and ways of life - both with suspicion and curiosity alike. Of special interest for both sides in past and present can be seen in matters of gender dichotomy since the West too often (above others) focused on the exclusion of female members of society from the public spheres whereas Eastern representatives heavily criticised female emancipation processes in the West which were seen as steps to destroy traditional family structures. One result from this was a stereotyped picture of Muslim women as obedient, silent or abused victims of patriarchal structures originating in an Islamic past. This picture of the female has interestingly changed over the last decades, especially in the aftermath of 9/11 when more and more female authors from the Middle East literarily speaking un-veiled and dismantled these stereotyped concepts of all female. The protests in Iran in 2022 after the death of Jina Maahsa Amini on September 16th can therefore be considered to be the preliminary highlight of this new development within Iran which so far considered itself to be the perfect Islamic state erected following the throwover of the Shah in 1979. The new group of Muslim female writers (so to speak novelists disposing of an Islamic background) at home or abroad started a new trend of hundreds of publications which inclu
Racism Education in the EFL Classroom using the Film "Hidden Figures" as an Example
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,3, University of Duisburg-Essen, language: English, abstract: This bachelor thesis provides a comprehensive guide on how to address the topic of racism through the use of the film "Hidden Figures" in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. It aims to empower teachers to promote intercultural awareness, develop critical thinking and improve students' audiovisual literacy. Through a detailed breakdown of lesson units and the integration of racism prevention concepts, it offers practical approaches to education against racism. Racism continues to be a pervasive and deeply rooted issue in societies across the globe. Despite significant progress towards equality and social justice, racial discrimination and prejudice persist, creating barriers to achieving a genuinely inclusive and harmonious society. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of racism education as a means to combat and solve this social issue.
The Series "13 Reasons Why" as an Example for a Failed Personality Development
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 2,3, University of Cologne, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with the topic "The Series '13 Reasons Why' as an Example for a Failed Personality Development". When talking about adolescence, personality and identity development play a very important role. Development per se has an impact on a kid's future. Adolescents must manage many stages in life to become independent adults. Through the rapidly changing and complex society the adolescence gets difficult. They have a lot of challenges to manage. Such as peers, friends, family, self-orientation and school. Teenagers encounter social problems like gender role, sexual orientation, facing mobbing and discrimination all due to their outer appearance. Klaus Hurrelmann's theory includes the model of productive reality processing, the development task and the ten maxims. His frameworks deal with the adolescents, their challenges and development of their identity. It is significant to be aware that adolescents go through a personality development which lead to certain behaviours. In order to understand them and give them support they need, it is important to help improve their development positively. The first part of this term paper deals with Hurrelmann織s theory. After that, significant fragments of a film and series analysis will be explained. Nowadays, television series and movies address social issues especially Netflix productions. It is an online platform where people can watch series and movies. It is also highly regarded especially by the young audience. "13 Reasons Why" is a Netflix series based on a novel by Jay Asher. It also deals with problems in adolescence. Therefore, this series analysis will focus on the function of the genre, an intensive figure analysis with relation to theoretical frameworks of Hurrelmann. Moreover, values and norms will be analysed.
Who is scared of Michael Myers?
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies, grade: 2,0, University of Hannover (Englisches Seminar), course: Films and Remakes, language: English, abstract: Analysis of the depiction of violence in the original Halloween movie by John Carpenter as well as its 2007 remake by Rob Zombie. Analysis of the "Remake logic". John Carpenter's Halloween from 1978 is the 17th scariest horror movie of all time. At least according to the 'Science of scares' study conducted by the website Broadbandchoices.co.uk in 2021. The results are based on the average heart rate viewers exhibited during the screening of different horror movies. Whether this indicator serves as a reliable source for actually determining the fear factor of movies is questionable, to say the least. Likewise, scientists and scholars, psychologists and philosophers have been arguing for a long time about what induces fear in the viewer while watching horror movies (and why one should even want to consume these films at all then). Theories range from ones that claim we simply feel empathy and sympathy towards the characters in the movie (e.g., Plantinga 2009) to ones that propose that the viewing experience itself is the scary feature (Hanich 2014). Yet others, mainly psychological approaches, contend that there is a certain level of enjoyment to be had from experiencing fear while knowing there is no actual threat present (Nummenmaa 2021). Whatever the actual explanation might be (perhaps all of them are true to an extent), the discussion surrounding the topic itself serves to illustrate one of the key functions of the horror movie. To make its viewers feel afraid. While there are a multitude of ways to achieve this, one only needs to consider the vast array of different genres of horror, from gory slasher flicks to supernatural and paranormal horror, the ultimate goal can be seen as the evocation of fear.
Poems from the Prewar Period. Literature and Culture of the First World War
Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, LMU Munich, course: Literature and Culture of the First World War, language: English, abstract: The following analysis will be carried out in the light of poems from the pre-war period, underlining the anticipation of war, as well as a play written by R. C. Sherriff. He joined the army and therefore describes the gruesomeness of the events from a realistic point of view. The aim of the paper is to lead from the anticipation and the illusion of a short and glorious war to a more realistic war, representing hell to its fighters. The beginning of the First World War, also known as the Great War, was marked by the assassination of the Austrian - Hungarian heir apparent, Franz Ferdinand, and his wife on the 28th of June 1914 in Saravejo. From then on, Germany relied on their alliance and additionally, Russia and Serbia became allies. Before the assassination, Germany was already isolated from the other countries except from Austria. During war, the country fought on the West front with France and on the East front with Russia. The fighting assemblies can be divided into Germany with Austria - Hungary and the Ottoman Empire on one side and Great Britain, Russia, France and also the United States on the other side (from 1917 onwards). On the 11th of November 1918, two days after the abdication of Emperor Wilhelm II, the war ends. The Great War was a war led by machines, showing the power of modern weapons.
The image of Texas evolving in film. From "Red River" to "Paris, Texas"
The "Murder Capital". How a metaphor reflects Detroit's horrific realities
Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject American Studies - Miscellaneous, University of Heidelberg (Heidelberg Center for American Studies), language: English, abstract: The paper illustrates a bit of the history of crime in the Detroit, Michigan. The main topics are drugs and gang violence, which started as early as the 1920s with a gang named the "Purple Gang". The paper talks about the fundamentals of this period of time, including "bootlegging", the illegal production and dissemination of liquor. Further explanations shift to crime in our days, and to law enforcement officers and firefighters' perspectives of the dangers lurking in the city - such as gun violence and arson. Law enforcement in particular is explained in a separate chapter, talking about Detroit Police Department tax problems and prejudice concerning racial and ethnic markers.
California Exceptionalism. Why the Golden State is different
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject American Studies, University of Heidelberg (Heidelberg Center for American Studies), language: English, abstract: This paper, in contrast, suggests that the notion of being exceptional - or as a noun: exceptionalism - does also exist within the United States. The particular example is the state of California in the western part. The paper aims at illustrating some factors which have motivated scholars to use the term in an extended, yet more specific manner. First, it will elaborate on Silicon Valley and its features by taking into account some differences to East Coast industry. Second, it introduces the Californian geography and the strong efforts for environmental protection. Third, it provides a section on some cultural and societal features, including the Californian Ideology. Finally, the findings are summarized and put into concluding remarks that also give an outlook on further developments. 'American exceptionalism is the recurring character in the nation's narrative.' This sentence by business executive and former journalist Ron Fournier describes a notion that is familiar to those studying the history of the United States. Here, America is often symbolically portrayed as a country that guarantees freedom, opportunity, rights and prosperity. A selection of characteristics distinguishes it from other countries in the world, whether it is on the basis of moral superiority or only because certain elements do exist and others do not. English Puritans added a religious meaning to the term, as the phrases 'The New Israel' and 'God's Chosen People', the settlers, are mentioned. Further, the self-sustaining, hard-working yeoman farmer is an ideal figure that embodies the libertarian spirit of the nation. However, this definition looks at America in its entirety, and the scope is rather international as it is compared to other nations.
