Sustainability in Environmental Engineering and Science
This book consists of select peer-reviewed papers from the International Conference on Sustainable Environmental Engineering and Science (SEES) 2019. The main focus of the book is to propose sustainable technologies to address the growing environmental challenges. The contents cover several topics of relevance such as air pollution, solid waste management, wastewater treatment, industrial pollution, and suggests eco-friendly and cost-effective techniques to tackle them. Given the range of topics covered, the book will be useful to researchers and professionals working in the multidisciplinary area of sustainability.
Superhero Physiology
What is it about a superhero's muscles that endow them with super strength or super speed? When a superhero reads someone's mind, what are they reading? How does a superhero instantly teleport themselves to a new location? How do normal processes of healing differ from super healing?In his book, Kevin Boldt, PhD, describes normal human physiology and uses scientific principles to simply, theoretically, and practically answer these questions and more! Each chapter approaches a different superhero ability, describes the analogue physiology in humans and select animals, and describes reasonable theoretical ways human physiology could be adapted or modified to endow an individual with super-human ability.
Superhero Physiology
What is it about a superhero's muscles that endow them with super strength or super speed? When a superhero reads someone's mind, what are they reading? How does a superhero instantly teleport themselves to a new location? How do normal processes of healing differ from super healing?In his book, Kevin Boldt, PhD, describes normal human physiology and uses scientific principles to simply, theoretically, and practically answer these questions and more! Each chapter approaches a different superhero ability, describes the analogue physiology in humans and select animals, and describes reasonable theoretical ways human physiology could be adapted or modified to endow an individual with super-human ability.
External Interventions for Disaster Risk Reduction
This book presents a case study-based analysis of the consequences of external interventions, critically evaluating them from community perspectives. Communities - from rural to urban, and around the world - that are experiencing disasters and changes in climatic variables can perceive the associated risks and evaluate the impacts of interventions. Accordingly, community perspectives, including their perceptions, concerns, awareness, realizations, reactions and expectations, represent a valuable resource. The case-based analysis of impacts on communities can provide a 'means of learning' from the experiences of others, thus expanding professionals' knowledge base, especially regarding disaster mitigation and climate change adaptation practices in varied settings. This book offers valuable insights and lessons learned, in an effort to promote and guide innovative changes in the current planning, management and governance of human settlements, helping them face the future challenges of a changing environment.
Plasmonic Nanosensors for Detection of Aqueous Toxic Metals
Delving into the development of plasmonic nanosensors to detect toxic heavy metal ions in aqueous media, this book explores a significant and burgeoning branch of nanosensor technology based on plasmon resonance and serves as a guide for conducting research in this area.
Early Life on Earth
This book comprehensively explores the early evolution of life and the Archean environment. Topics include the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, variations in metabolisms, concepts of ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles (nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous), Archean geology and environments, and the widely accepted early evolutionary history of life. The text addresses controversies regarding early life and its environment, particularly the unusual microfossil assemblages from the 3.4 Ga Strelley Pool Formation and the 3.0 Ga Farrel Quartzite of Western Australia. Readers will get a fuller picture of the Archean world, and an appreciation of many still unresolved questions.Key Features Illustrated with figures visualizing ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles etc which are indispensable for understanding the Archean Earth. Includes tables arranging key words, definitions, and interpretations. Documents the Archean environment with photographic evidence and detailed descriptions the rocks, minerals and microfossils. Summarizes the latest field research. Details exciting unresolved questions for future study.
Umwelt- Und Klimagerechtigkeit - Gesundheit Und Wohlbefinden
Im Kontext von Umwelt- und Klimagerechtigkeit werden Umweltzerst繹rung und Klimast繹rung kritisch hinterfragt. Dabei wird sowohl auf die geodynamisch bedingten als auch auf anthropogene St繹rungen in der Erdatmosph瓣re eingegangen. Der in diesem Zusammenhang vieldiskutierte Treibhauseffekt wird verst瓣ndlich erl瓣utert. Es wird verdeutlicht, dass f羹r die St繹rungen der W瓣rmebalance der Erdatmosph瓣re eine exorbitante Ressourcenausbeutung wie Bodenversiegelung durch Bebauung, Energiegewinnung und weitere anthropogenen Beeinflussungen verantwortlich sind, woraus humanbiologische Konsequenzen mit Gesundheitsrelevanz folgen. Ursachen und Wirkungen der sp羹rbaren Klimaver瓣nderung - auch Klimawandel genannt - werden vor dem Hintergrund humanbiometeorologischen Einwirkungen auf die Gesundheit allgemeinverst瓣ndlich dargelegt. Das umfasst auch das zunehmende Problem von sich ausbreitenden Klimafolgern wie eine Vielzahl stechender Insekten, die f羹r eine Verbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten sorgen, und Pflanzen mit allergenem Potenzial.
Water Productivity and Food Security, 3
Water Productivity and Food Security: Global Trends and Regional Patterns, Volume Three reviews the need for water productivity improvements in agriculture, addressing three distinct questions pertaining to agricultural water productivity improvement in developing countries, including what are the regions where water is a limiting factor for raising agricultural outputs and water productivity improvements, what are the technological measures in irrigation that can raise agricultural water productivity and result in water saving at various scales, and what opportunities exist in the developing economies of South Asia and Africa for raising water productivity and improving water economy at basin scale. This book provides a framework to characterize river basins based on water availability, water supplies, water uses and water demands to ascertain the need and measures available for improving crop water productivity that would be effective at various scales, i.e., plant-level, plot-level, irrigation system level and basin level. This is an essential reference for anyone interested in water management and agriculture.
Municipal Landfill Leachate Management
This book is divided into seven chapters, which address various leachate landfill management issues such as the quality, quantity and management of municipal landfill leachate, together with new methods. There are many methods available for the treatment and management of municipal landfill leachate. The waste management methods presented here can be applied in most third-world countries, due to the lack of waste separation and high organic content of waste. The book provides descriptions and a hierarchy of waste management, reviews the history of solid waste disposal, and covers a range of topics, including: leachate and gas generation in landfills; natural attenuation landfills; landfill site selection; leachate and stormwater management, collection and treatment; landfill gas management; landfill cover requirements; leachate collection; types of natural treatment systems; and design procedure and considerations. In closing, it provides an overview of the current solid waste management status in Iran.
Climate Stewardship
As climate disruption intensifies the world over, Californians are finding solutions across a diversity of communities and landscapes. Though climate change is a global existential threat, we cannot wait for nation-states to solve the problem when there are actions we can take now to protect our own communities. In Climate Stewardship: Taking Collective Action to Protect California, readers are invited on a journey to discover that all life is interconnected and shaped by climate and to learn how communities can help tackle climate change. Climate Stewardship shares stories from everyday people and shows how their actions enhance the resilience of communities and ecosystems across ten distinct bioregions. Climate science that justifies these actions is woven throughout, making it easy to learn about Earth's complex systems. The authors interpret and communicate these stories in a way that is enjoyable, inspiring, and even amusing. California is uniquely positioned to develop and implement novel solutions to widespread climate challenges, owing to the state's remarkable biogeographic diversity and robust public science programs. Produced in collaboration with the UC California Naturalist Program, Climate Stewardship focuses on regenerative approaches to energy, agriculture, and land and water use across forested, agricultural, and urban landscapes. The authors' hopeful and encouraging tone aims to help readers develop a sense that they, too, can act now to make meaningful change in their communities.
Computer Vision Based Identification and Mosaic of Gramineous Grass Seeds
Introduction.- Forage Identification and Experimental Materials.- Identification of Gramineous Grass Seeds Using Gabor and Locality Preserving Projections.- Identification of Gramineous Grass Seeds Using Difference of Local Fractal Dimensions.- Identification of Gramineous Grass Seeds Using Local Similarity Pattern and Linear Discriminant Analysis.- Identification of Gramineous Grass Seeds Using Local Similarity Pattern and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix.- Microscopic Image Mosaic of Gramineous Grass Seeds.- Digital Information Platform of Grassland and Forage Based on Computer Vision.
The Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry and Medicine
Metal ions are fundamental elements for the maintenance of the lifespan of plants, animals and humans. Their substantial role in biological systems was recognized a long time ago. They are essential for the maintenance of life and their absence can cause growth disorders, severe malfunction, carcinogenesis or death. They are protagonists as macro- or microelements in several structural and functional roles, participating in many bio-chemical reactions, and arise in several forms. They participate in intra- and intercellular communications, in maintaining electrical charges and osmotic pressure, in photosynthesis and electron transfer processes, in the maintenance of pairing, stacking and the stability of nucleotide bases and also in the regulation of DNA transcription. They contribute to the proper functioning of nerve cells, muscle cells, the brain and the heart, the transport of oxygen and to many other biological processes up to the point that we cannot even imagine a life without metals. In this book, the papers published in the Special Issue "The Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry and Medicine" are summarized, providing a picture of metal ion uses in biology, biochemistry and medicine, but also pointing out the toxicity impacts on plants, animals, humans and the environment.
Sustainable Solutions for Urban Water Security
Explores in detail new paradigms of urban water security in changing context Presents a wide range of sustainable solutions to address the water scarcity problem, including localized sustainable solutions, innovations, computer models and simulations, capacity building, stakeholder analysis, and sustainable solutions case studiesOffers an analysis of the potential of the role of recent innovations such as frugal innovation, smart water, etc. Offers an analysis of the potential of the role of space technology and the latest water related techniques for water security
Indian Summer Monsoon Variability
Indian Summer Monsoon Variability: El Ni簽o-Teleconnections and Beyond presents the improved understanding of Indian Monsoon teleconnections (ENSO and Non-ENSO), new advances, and preferred future steps. Special emphasis is given to non-ENSO teleconnections which have been poorly understood for decades. With growing monsoon rainfall extremes across the Indian Subcontinent, a new understanding of monsoon environmental factors that are driven remotely through teleconnections is a trending topic. Finally, the book reviews current understanding ofthe observational and modeling aspects of Indian monsoon teleconnections. This is a must-read for researchers and graduate students in atmospheric science and meteorology.
Ecology of Coastal Marine Sediments
Marine sediments dominate the global seabed, creating the largest ecosystem on earth. Seafloor biodiversity is a key mediator of ecosystem functioning, yet critical processes are often excluded from global biogeochemical budgets or simplified to black boxes in ecosystem models. This accessible textbook provides an ideal point of entry into the field, providing basic information on the nature of soft-sediment ecosystems, examples of how and why we research them, the new questions these studies inspire, and the applications that ultimately benefit society. While focussing on coastal habitats (200m depth) to emphasize process-based experimental studies, it is relevant to the full range of marine sedimentary habitats. The authors describe the interactions between marine organisms and their physical and chemical environment, demonstrating the need for carefully designed research programs and providing the basic steps required to formulate sound ecological questions before applying them to empirical studies of real-world ecosystems. The book reveals the connections between different system components and drivers of change, examining how we can develop knowledge on the biodiversity and functioning of soft sediments and apply it to a better understanding of ecosystem change, human impacts, and effective restoration. Ecology of Coastal Marine Sediments is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who have completed a general ecology course but received no further training in marine science. It will also be useful to both professional researchers and resource managers in marine ecology and environmental science who seek a compact and authoritative introduction to sediment ecology.
Estudos aplicados ? Ecologia Florestal
A ideia deste livro 矇 demonstrar, de forma clara e objetiva, algumas metodologias utilizadas para a condu癟瓊o de estudos e aulas que visam abordar as diferentes tem獺ticas da Ecologia Florestal, como an獺lises de planta, 獺gua e solo. Dentro do curso de Engenharia Florestal a Ecologia Florestal 矇 uma ci礙ncia que deve ser aplicada na pr獺tica, mediante atividades desenvolvidas a campo. Muitas vezes, o ensino consiste apenas nas metodologias dialogadas e/ou expositivas, sem contemplar as possibilidades de exerc穩cios que podem ser realizados fora do ambiente de sala de aula e, que podem ser integrados ? produ癟瓊o de conhecimento atrav矇s da pesquisa cient穩fica.A proposta deste livro 矇 a de apresentar metodologias de coleta de dados, que tamb矇m podem ser aplicadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Ecologia Florestal. As metodologias que ser瓊o abordadas neste livro s瓊o baseadas nas experi礙ncias desenvolvidas e aprimoradas durante mais de 20 anos pela equipe do Laborat籀rio de Ecologia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Ecology of Coastal Marine Sediments
Marine sediments dominate the global seabed, creating the largest ecosystem on earth. Seafloor biodiversity is a key mediator of ecosystem functioning, yet critical processes are often excluded from global biogeochemical budgets or simplified to black boxes in ecosystem models. This accessible textbook provides an ideal point of entry into the field, providing basic information on the nature of soft-sediment ecosystems, examples of how and why we research them, the new questions these studies inspire, and the applications that ultimately benefit society. While focussing on coastal habitats (200m depth) to emphasize process-based experimental studies, it is relevant to the full range of marine sedimentary habitats. The authors describe the interactions between marine organisms and their physical and chemical environment, demonstrating the need for carefully designed research programs and providing the basic steps required to formulate sound ecological questions before applying them to empirical studies of real-world ecosystems. The book reveals the connections between different system components and drivers of change, examining how we can develop knowledge on the biodiversity and functioning of soft sediments and apply it to a better understanding of ecosystem change, human impacts, and effective restoration. Ecology of Coastal Marine Sediments is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who have completed a general ecology course but received no further training in marine science. It will also be useful to both professional researchers and resource managers in marine ecology and environmental science who seek a compact and authoritative introduction to sediment ecology.
Environmental Management and Governance
This book addresses aspects of environmental management that raise fundamental questions about governmental roles and the relationship of humans to the environment.
Environmental Stress Physiology of Plants and Crop Productivity
The knowledge of plant responses to various abiotic stresses is crucial to understand their underlying mechanisms as well as the methods to develop new varieties of crops, which are better suited to the environment they are grown in. Environmental Stress Physiology of Plants and Crop Productivity provides readers a timely update on the knowledge about plant responses to a variety of stresses such as salinity, temperature, drought, oxidative stress and mineral deficiencies. Chapters focus on biochemical mechanisms identified in plants crucial to adapting to specific abiotic stressors along with the methods of improving plant tolerance. The book also sheds light on plant secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids and plant growth regulators in ameliorating the stressful conditions in plants. Additional chapters present an overview of applications of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics (including CRISPR/CAS techniques) to develop abiotic stress tolerant crops. The editors have also provided detailed references for extended reading to support the information in the book. Environmental Stress Physiology of Plants and Crop Productivity is an informative reference for scholars and researchers working in the field of botany, agriculture, crop science and physiology, soil science, and environmental sciences.
Continent in Dust, 10
In China, the weather has changed. Decades of reform have been shadowed by a changing meteorological normal: seasonal dust storms and spectacular episodes of air pollution have reworked physical and political relations between land and air in China and downwind. Continent in Dust offers an anthropology of strange weather, focusing on intersections among statecraft, landscape, atmosphere, and society. Traveling from state engineering programs that attempt to choreograph the movement of mobile dunes in the interior, to newly reconfigured bodies and airspaces in Beijing, and beyond, this book explores contemporary China as a weather system in the making: what would it mean to understand "the rise of China" literally, as the country itself rises into the air?
Beyond Interdisciplinarity
Beyond Interdisciplinarity examines the broadening meaning of core concept across academic disciplines and other forms of knowledge. In this book, Associate Editor of The Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinarity and internationally recognized scholar Julie Thompson Klein depicts the heterogeneity and boundary work of inter- and trans-disciplinarity in a conceptual framework based on an ecology of spatializing practices in transaction spaces, including trading zones and communities of practice. The book includes both "crossdisciplinary" work (encompassing multi-, inter-, and trans-disciplinary forms) as well as "cross-sector" work (spanning disciplines, fields, professions, government and industry, and communities). The first section of the book defines and explains boundary work, discourses of interdisciplinarity, and the nature of interdisciplinary fields. In the second section, Klein examines dynamics of working across disciplines, including communication, collaboration, and learning with concrete examples and lessons from research projects and programs that transcend traditional fields. The closing chapter examines reasons for failure and success then presents gateways to literature and other resources. Throughout the book, Klein emphasizes the roles of contextualization and historical change while factoring in the shifting relationship of disciplinarity and interdisciplinarity, ascendancy of transdisciplinarity, and intersections with other constructs including Mode 2 knowledge production, convergence, team science, and postdisciplinarity. The conceptual framework she provides also includes the role of boundary objects, agents, and organizations in brokering differences and creating for platforms for change. Klein further explains why translation, interlanguage, and a communication boundary space are vital to achieving intersubjectivity and collective identity. They foster not only pragmatics of negotiation and integration but also reflexivity, transactivity, and co-production of knowledge with stakeholders beyond the academy. Rhetorics of holism and synthesis compete with instrumentalities of problem solving and transgressive critiques. However, typical warrants today include complexity, contextualization, collaboration, and socially-robust knowledge. Crossing boundaries remains complex, but this book guides readers through the density of pertinent literature while expanding understandings of crossdisciplinary and cross-sector work.
At the Bench: A Laboratory Navigator, Updated Edition
At the Bench is the unique and hugely successful handbook for living and working in the laboratory, an essential aid to understanding basic lab techniques and how research groups work at a human level. In this newly revised edition, chapters have been rewritten to accommodate the impact of computer technology and the Internet, not only on the acquisition and analysis of data, but also on its organization and presentation. Alternatives to the use of radiation have been expanded, and figures and illustrations have been redrawn to reflect changes in laboratory equipment and procedures. Wise, light-hearted, but thoroughly practical, Dr. Barker offers advice, moral support, social etiquette, and professional reassurance along with assume-nothing, step-by-step instructions for those basic but vital laboratory procedures that experienced investigators know--but may not realize novices don't. If you are a graduate student, a physician with research intentions, or a laboratory technician, this book is indispensable. If you have to manage or mentor such people, giving a copy to each of them will greatly improve your life, and theirs.
Public Spaces for Water
This illustrated notebook highlights the need for a change of paradigm in current flood management practices, one that acknowledges the wide-ranging and interdisciplinary benefits brought by public space design. Reassessing and improving established flood management methods, public spaces are faced with a new and enhanced role as mediators of flood adaptation able to integrate infrastructure and communities together in the management of flood water as an ultimate resource for urban resilience.The book specifically introduces a path towards a new perspective on flood adaptation through public space design, stressing the importance of local, bottom up, approaches. Deriving from a solution-directed investigation, which is particularly attentive to design, the book offers a wide range of systematized conceptual solutions of flood adaptation measures applicable in the design of public spaces.Through a commonly used vocabulary and simple technical notions, the book facilitates and accelerates the initial brainstorm phases of a public space project with flood adaptation capacities, enabling a direct application in contemporary practice. Furthermore, it offers a significant sample of real-case examples that may further assist the decision-making throughout design processes.Overall, the book envisions to challenge established professionals, such as engineers, architects or urban planners, to work and design with uncertainty in an era of an unprecedented climate.
The Power of Movement in Plants
"...I think that I have succeeded in showing. . . kind of movement common to all parts of all plants from their earliest youth." - Charles Darwin, The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Volume II (1880) The Power of Movement in Plants (1880) includes illustrations and documents the extensive research and study of phototropism among other plant movements by Charles Darwin and his son, Francis. The chapters focus particularly on a plant's evolution and adaptation to external stimuli with particular attention to circumnutation. This in-depth research is a must-read for lovers of the origins of botany and biology.
The Power of Movement in Plants
"...I think that I have succeeded in showing. . . kind of movement common to all parts of all plants from their earliest youth." - Charles Darwin, The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Volume II (1880) The Power of Movement in Plants (1880) includes illustrations and documents the extensive research and study of phototropism among other plant movements by Charles Darwin and his son, Francis. The chapters focus particularly on a plant's evolution and adaptation to external stimuli with particular attention to circumnutation. This in-depth research is a must-read for lovers of the origins of botany and biology.
Warum Nachhaltigkeit Nicht Nachhaltig Ist
Wir alle sollen nachhaltig werden. So ist es jedenfalls generell in Wissenschaft, Medien und Politik zu h繹ren. Doch: "Nachhaltigkeit" - Was ist das 羹berhaupt? Und wie gut stehen die Chancen, Nachhaltigkeitskonzepte auch durchzusetzen?Dieses Buch versucht 羹berhaupt nicht erst, den vielen "Nachhaltigkeitsb羹chern" noch ein weiteres hinzuzusetzen. Es stellt vielmehr die gesellschaftliche Grundlage f羹r "Nachhaltigkeit" ganz grundlegend in Frage. Und es zeigt, dass wir uns, gerade wenn wir Nachhaltigkeit anstreben, sehr schnell in Widerspr羹che verwickeln. Und regelm瓣?ig erreichen wir damit nicht die "Nachhaltigkeit", sondern das pure Gegenteil.Wasser sparen bei der WC-Sp羹lung? Nur noch zertifizierten Kaffee trinken? Fernfl羹ge nur noch gegen eine Klima-Abgabe? - Der Autor dekonstruiert einen Nachhaltigkeitsanspruch nach dem anderen.Ein Pamphlet gegen Klimaschutz, gegen Bewahrung der Biodiversit瓣t oder gegen die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung 瓣rmerer L瓣nder ist dieses Buch dennochnicht. Es versucht aber dagegen die Grenzen eines umfassenden Nachhaltigkeitsansatzes aufzuzeigen.
Emerging Technologies for Waste Valorization and Environmental Protection
This book features carefully selected articles on emerging technologies for waste valorization and environmental protection. The term "waste valorization" is used particularly in engineering, economics, technology, business, environmental and policy literature to refer to any unit operation or collection of operations targeted at reusing, recycling, composting or converting wastes into useful products or energy sources without harming the environment. The book discusses the rudimentary concept, and describes a range of emerging technologies in the field, including nano, fuel-cell and membrane technologies, as well as membrane bioreactors. It also examines in detail essential and common processes in waste valorization, such as rigorous chemical engineering applications, mathematical modeling and other trans-disciplinary approaches. The chapters present high-quality research papers from the IconSWM 2018 conference.
Adoption of Lms in Higher Educational Institutions of the Middle East
Focuses on Learning Management Systems at Higher Educational Institutions Provides influential predictors that may impact the instructors' behavioral intention to adopt Learning Management Systems in the context of Arab culture Presents a unique model of technology acceptance that is adapted comparing the most adopted technology adoption models It can be used as a source of practical information for a broad community of researchers, higher education institutions in the context of cultural context ​
Lithium Niobate Nanophotonics
Photonic integrated circuit (PIC) technology holds great potential for breaking through the bottlenecks in current photonic and optoelectronic networks. Recently, a revolution has been witnessed in the field of lithium niobate (LN) photonics. Over the past decade, nanoscale LN waveguides with a propagation loss of 0.01 dB and a radius of curvature on the level of 100 μm have been demonstrated. The revolution mainly benefits from two technological advancements, the maturity of lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) technology and the innovation of nanofabrication approaches of high-quality LNOI photonic structures. Using low-loss waveguides and high-quality-factor (high-Q) microresonators produced on the LNOI platform as building blocks, various integrated photonic devices have been demonstrated with unprecedented performances. The breakthroughs have reshaped the landscape of the LN industry. This is the first monograph on LN nanophotonics enabled by the LNOI platform. It comprehensively reviews the development of fabrication technology, investigations on nonlinear optical processes, and demonstrations of electro-optical devices, as well as applications in quantum light sources, spectroscopy, sensing, and microwave-to-optical wave conversion. The book begins with an overview of the technological evolution of PICs, justifying the motivation for developing LNOI photonics. The next four chapters focus on LNOI photonics. The book concludes with a summary of the milestone achievements discussed in these chapters and provides a future perspective of this area of research.
Is It a Food Web or a Food Chain?
A seed falls from a plant. A mouse eats the seed. An owl eats the mouse. Each animal gets energy from its food. How does energy flow from one living thing to another? Let's investigate food chains and food webs!
Mine Ventilation
Fundamental Concepts of Fluid Mechanics for Mine Ventilation.- Environmental Conditions in the Mine.- Flow Rates and Pressure Measurements.- Mine Ventilation Networks.- Main Ventilation.- Fans and Flow Control Devices.- The Role of Ventilation in Fires and Explosions.- Secondary Ventilation.
Environmental Policy and Public Health
Written by environmental health experts with experience in policy and public health, the third edition of the book comprises two volumes, addressing key physical hazards in the environment impacting public health. This volume on "Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation" is complemented by Volume 2, "Emerging Health Hazards and Mitigation."
Aristotle’s Classification of Animals
Aristotle's classification of animals, and indeed his approach to biology, challenges modern assumptions about scientific progress. Historians often view Aristotle's attempts at classification as incomplete precursors to the rigorous taxonomies of later scientists, such as Linnaeus, but this perspective may impose a retrospective, evolution-based understanding of science onto Aristotle's distinct worldview. While it's clear that Aristotle categorized animals based on their parts, characteristics, and behaviors, his classifications were not necessarily intended to function as comprehensive taxonomies. Instead, Aristotle's groupings reflect his philosophical quest to understand the essence of living things and the order of nature rather than a systematic effort to codify all species in a rigid structure. In his approach, classification served to illustrate larger principles and relationships rather than to build a finalized biological hierarchy. Moreover, Aristotle's classificatory efforts differ fundamentally from later biological taxonomies in their conceptual basis and purpose. Modern commentators, including Georges Cuvier, acknowledge Aristotle's influence on fields like comparative anatomy but note that Aristotle did not apply a structured taxonomic system as his successors did. Instead, Aristotle's categories were flexible, reflecting his ideas on the "essence" and "form" of living beings rather than any fixed biological grid. This distinction becomes crucial when interpreting Aristotle's work: rather than regarding it as an incomplete taxonomy, we might view it as a philosophical framework that integrates observations with conceptual exploration of life's diversity and order. This approach, which seeks to understand each organism within a broader natural order, is less about classifying individual species and more about investigating the fundamental nature of life. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1986.
Fukushima Accident
Fukushima Accident: 10 Years After evaluates the post-Fukushima accident situation with up-to-date information, emphasizing radionuclide impacts on the terrestrial and marine environments, and comparing them to the pre-Fukushima accident levels of radionuclides in the environment. This is based on scientific results, as well as knowledge gathered from literature to provide current information on the present status, summarize 10 years of data on the Fukushima accident, and describe the present situation in the local, regional, and global time and space scales. It provides data on radioactivity released into the atmosphere and the ocean, the distribution of radionuclides in the world atmosphere and oceans, and their impact on the total environment, including assessments of radiation doses in Japanese and world populations from consumption of terrestrial food and seafood. It goes on to describe future aspects of the radioactive contamination of these environments and the health implications. This book informs environmental scientists, academics, and researchers in environmental science and nuclear energy as well as postgraduate students in the field of environmental science, radioactivity, and nuclear energy, on the present situation of radioactive contamination of Japan and in the world.
Funktionelle (Myo-)fasziale Dysbalancen im Tennissport
Der Autor der vorliegenden Studie konnte bei Turnierreisen, Mannschaftsbetreuungen, Trainingslagern im Ausland bei Fortbildungen auf anderen Sportst瓣tten und beim Aus羹ben des eigenen Trainings auf verschiedensten Sportanlagen beobachten, dass Faszien und Faszientraining nun auch in der Fitness- und Gesundheitsbranche hoch im Kurs stehen. Faszienrollen geh繹ren bereits zum Standardequipment der meisten Hobbysportler, Sportfanatiker, Fitnessstudios, Sportwissenschaftler und Physiotherapeuten, welche diese mittlerweile auch bei der Behandlung ihrer Patienten nutzen. Doch nicht nur im Bereich des Freizeit- und Gesundheitssport boomen die Rollen aus Schaumstoff, auch Spitzensportler aus allen Bereichen werden immer 繹fter beim "Rollen" gesichtet. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, einen groben ?berblick 羹ber die drei zentralen Themen Faszien, Tennis und deren Wechselbeziehung in Form der Auswirkung auf das Gesamtsystem zu geben.
Aristotle’s Classification of Animals
Aristotle's classification of animals, and indeed his approach to biology, challenges modern assumptions about scientific progress. Historians often view Aristotle's attempts at classification as incomplete precursors to the rigorous taxonomies of later scientists, such as Linnaeus, but this perspective may impose a retrospective, evolution-based understanding of science onto Aristotle's distinct worldview. While it's clear that Aristotle categorized animals based on their parts, characteristics, and behaviors, his classifications were not necessarily intended to function as comprehensive taxonomies. Instead, Aristotle's groupings reflect his philosophical quest to understand the essence of living things and the order of nature rather than a systematic effort to codify all species in a rigid structure. In his approach, classification served to illustrate larger principles and relationships rather than to build a finalized biological hierarchy. Moreover, Aristotle's classificatory efforts differ fundamentally from later biological taxonomies in their conceptual basis and purpose. Modern commentators, including Georges Cuvier, acknowledge Aristotle's influence on fields like comparative anatomy but note that Aristotle did not apply a structured taxonomic system as his successors did. Instead, Aristotle's categories were flexible, reflecting his ideas on the "essence" and "form" of living beings rather than any fixed biological grid. This distinction becomes crucial when interpreting Aristotle's work: rather than regarding it as an incomplete taxonomy, we might view it as a philosophical framework that integrates observations with conceptual exploration of life's diversity and order. This approach, which seeks to understand each organism within a broader natural order, is less about classifying individual species and more about investigating the fundamental nature of life. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1986.
Extinctions
Are we now entering a mass extinction event? What can mass extinctions in Earth's history tell us about the Anthropocene? What do mass extinction events look like and how does life on Earth recover from them? The fossil record reveals periods when biodiversity exploded, and short intervals when much of life was wiped out in mass extinction events. In comparison with these ancient events, today's biotic crisis hasn't (yet) reached the level of extinction to be called a mass extinction. But we are certainly in crisis, and current parallels with ancient mass extinction events are profound and deeply worrying. Humanity's actions are applying the same sorts of pressures - on similar scales - that in the past pushed the Earth system out of equilibrium and triggered mass extinction events. Analysis of the fossil record suggests that we still have some time to avert this disaster: but we must act now.
Nature-Based Solutions and Water Security
Nature-Based Solutions and Water Security: An Action Agenda for the 21st Century presents an action agenda for natural infrastructure on topics of standards and principles, technical evaluation and design tools, capacity building and innovative finance. Chapters introduce the topic and concepts of natural infrastructure, or nature-based solutions (NBS) and water security, with important background on the urgency of the global water crisis and the role that NBS can, and should play, in addressing this crisis. Sections also present the community of practice's collective thinking on a prioritized action agenda to guide more rapid progress in mainstreaming NBS. With contributions from global authors, including key individuals and organizations active in developing NBS solutions, users will also find important conclusions and recommendations, thus presenting a collaboratively developed, consensus roadmap to scaling NBS.
Ecomobilities
Ecomobilities examines the ideological connections between automobiles, the environment, and the end of the world, focusing on the car's inseparability from modern life. Through popular films addressing both mobilities and environmental disasters, Ecomobilities reveals how American automobility has influenced responses to warming temperatures and shifting ecosystems.
The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms
"...I was led to keep in my study during many months worms in pots filled with earth, I became interested in them, and wished to learn how far they acted consciously..." - Charles Darwin, The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms (1881)The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits (1881) includes original illustrations and highlights the extensive research and study of Darwin's landmark discoveries on soil formation, later termed soil bioturbation, as well as his fascination with earthworm behavior. In his last scientific book, published shortly before his death, Darwin documents with zest the earthworm's sexual passions and social interactions, as well as their significant contributions to the earth's ecosystem.This in-depth research is a must-read for lovers of ecology and biology.
Industrial Waste
Industrial residues are obtained from all treatments of raw materials in industry during the process of mining, raw materials treatment and final usage. During these processes of enrichment, optimization and utilization of raw materials only part of the original material can be used for the dedicated application and some left-over parts remain. This contribution focuses on residues like mining overburdens, ore residues and ore processing residues like slags, but also on incineration ashes and water purification muds. Natural materials like pozzolanes, due to their potential of CO2-reduction, are also included. Based on this knowledge secondary reusable materials due to their chemical, physical and mineralogical properties can be identified. Also different characterization methods for analysing the potential for further application of these residues are included.
The Fishes and the Forest
The Fishes and the Forest: Explorations in Amazonian Natural History delves into the intricate relationship between the Amazon rainforest and its diverse aquatic life. With the Amazon basin home to the world's largest rainforest and its richest ecosystem, this book provides vital ecological insights that are crucial for conservation efforts in the face of rapid deforestation. Michael Coulding's study uncovers the essential role the flooded forests play in sustaining over fifty key commercial fish species in the region. His findings reveal that around 75% of these fishes depend on the nutrient recycling processes of the rainforest, suggesting that widespread deforestation of the floodplains could decimate the fish populations and severely impact local fisheries. The book also highlights the critical role of fish in seed dispersal, further emphasizing the interconnectedness of the forest and its aquatic life. Through a collaborative effort involving both scientists and local naturalists, Coulding presents groundbreaking evidence of the Amazon's ecological dynamics. The research uncovers complex relationships between the forest, its fish fauna, and the broader ecosystem, showcasing the essential contributions of local fishermen who provide invaluable insights into fish behavior and forest conditions. As the book underscores the urgency of preserving the Amazon's delicate balance, it also serves as a crucial reference for developing sustainable conservation policies. While focused on the Amazon, the lessons drawn from this study are applicable to other tropical regions, offering insights into the broader implications of deforestation on biodiversity and fisheries worldwide. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
The Fishes and the Forest
The Fishes and the Forest: Explorations in Amazonian Natural History delves into the intricate relationship between the Amazon rainforest and its diverse aquatic life. With the Amazon basin home to the world's largest rainforest and its richest ecosystem, this book provides vital ecological insights that are crucial for conservation efforts in the face of rapid deforestation. Michael Coulding's study uncovers the essential role the flooded forests play in sustaining over fifty key commercial fish species in the region. His findings reveal that around 75% of these fishes depend on the nutrient recycling processes of the rainforest, suggesting that widespread deforestation of the floodplains could decimate the fish populations and severely impact local fisheries. The book also highlights the critical role of fish in seed dispersal, further emphasizing the interconnectedness of the forest and its aquatic life. Through a collaborative effort involving both scientists and local naturalists, Coulding presents groundbreaking evidence of the Amazon's ecological dynamics. The research uncovers complex relationships between the forest, its fish fauna, and the broader ecosystem, showcasing the essential contributions of local fishermen who provide invaluable insights into fish behavior and forest conditions. As the book underscores the urgency of preserving the Amazon's delicate balance, it also serves as a crucial reference for developing sustainable conservation policies. While focused on the Amazon, the lessons drawn from this study are applicable to other tropical regions, offering insights into the broader implications of deforestation on biodiversity and fisheries worldwide. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Sustainable Design in Textiles and Fashion
This book highlights the Eco-design or Sustainable design in textiles and fashion, aimed at reducing their environmental impact throughout their life cycle. Sustainable design is one of the core elements practiced in various industrial sectors. The textiles and fashion sector, is also creating a huge environmental brunt in terms of various fibres, processes, consumption of various resources including dyes, chemicals and auxiliaries, etc, . Thus, sustainable design is the key to reduce the environmental impacts made out of textiles and fashion products. This book includes seven informative chapters to decipher the concept and applications of sustainable design in textiles and fashion.​
Principles of Wildlife Conservation
Principles of Wildlife Conservation presents a lucid - cogent yet simple narration about the why's and how's of conserving wildlife. It begins with the first principles - and thus requires no more prerequisite than an urge to seek knowledge.
Green Chemistry for Beginners
With escalating concerns over the current state of our planet, the realization to work toward reducing our environmental footprint is gaining momentum. Scientists have realized that green chemistry is the key to reduce waste, rendering healthy environment, and improving human health. The 12 principles of green chemistry are the basic tenets that require understanding at the most fundamental level and implementation to promoting sustainable synthesis. This book discusses innovations in the form of greener technologies (superior green catalysts, alternate reaction media, and green energy sources) and elaborates their tremendous potential in combating the critical global challenges on the horizon. It intends to empower and educate students to grasp the key concepts of green chemistry, think out of the box and come up with new ideas, and apply the basic concepts in greening the world. It extensively covers the goals of the United Nation's 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development, which can be successfully achieved with the aid of green chemistry. It also highlights cutting-edge greener technologies such as biomimicry, miniaturization, and continuous flow. Edited by two active green chemists, the book presents in-depth knowledge of this field and is extremely helpful for undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate readers, as well as academic and industrial researchers.
Sustainability Metrics and Indicators of Environmental Impact
Sustainability Metrics and Indicators of Environmental Impact: Industrial and Agricultural Life Cycle Assessment covers trending topics on the environmental impact of systems of production, putting emphasis on lifecycle assessment (LCA). This methodology is one of the most important tools of analysis, as mathematical models are applied that will quantify the systematic inputs and outputs of the processes in order to evaluate the sustainability of industrial processes and products. In this sense, LCA is mainly a tool to support environmental decision-making that analyzes the environmental impacts of products and technologies from a lifecycle perspective. The emergence of ever-larger global issues, such as the energy dilemma, the changing climate and the scarcity of natural resources, such as water, has boosted the search for tools capable of ensuring the reliability of the results published by the industries, and has become an important tool in order to achieve sustainability and environmental preservation. Thus, lifecycle assessment (LCA), including carbon footprint valuation is necessary to ensure better internal management.
Resilience, Response, and Risk in Water Systems
Section 1: Water Resilience: Vulnerability and Responsei. Problem, perspective and challenges of water monitoringii. Water resilience to natural and human disastersiii. Food-Energy-Water-Ecosystem Services Nexusiv. Water supply, urbanization and climate changev. Integrative risk assessment and water management Section 2: Data science and engineering for water systemvi. Water Data: modeling, uncertainty, and securityvii. Standardization, Interoperability, and data sharingviii. Analytics in Water Resourceix. Visualization and synthesis of the multi-dimensional water systemx. Water Indices: specification, criteria and application Section 3: Innovation in operational water managementxi. Engineering water supply for conservation, resiliency, and sustainabilityxii. Water quality treatments and natural remediation of water contaminantsxiii. Shifts and trends of water quality analysesxiv. Paradigms of life cycle, vulnerability and cost benefit analyses for waterxv. Modeling human behavior and decision making Section 4: Policy and Mitigationxvi. Bridging water quality and quantity for adaptive managementxvii. Preparedness and awareness in sanitization for health and prosperityxviii. Science, sense and sensibility for water quality mitigation and policy makingxix. Collaborations and conflicting interest across government and interstate conflictsxx. Language of water science: common ground for scientist, stake holders and managers
