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Advances in Machine Fault Diagnosis
Research on machine fault diagnosis (MFD) methods is receiving significant attention in academia and industry due to the importance of identifying underlying causes of machine faults. The overall objective of MFD methods is to develop an effective diagnosis procedure. Recent methodological advances permit compressive MFD, providing detailed information essential for the prevention of future machine failures. Some of the most promising approaches for the continuous advancement of fault detection and diagnosis technologies are: advanced digital signal processing, vibration-based condition monitoring, modal and operational mode analysis, neural network analysis, and machine learning. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most transformative technological revolutions since, e.g., the invention of the steam or electric engines. Robustness, precision automated (online) learning, and the capacity to handle complex data are some of AI's attributes that hold significant potential for MFD. In hand with the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing, the emerging AI-based diagnostic methods are proving themselves to be powerful tools for the future. The main objective of this Special Issue is to gather state-of-the-art research contributing recent advances in machine fault diagnosis and, hopefully, to outline future research directions in the field.
Narrative Science
Narrative Science examines the use of narrative in scientific research over the last two centuries. It brings together an international group of scholars who have engaged in intense collaboration to find and develop crucial cases of narrative in science. Motivated and coordinated by the Narrative Science project, funded by the European Research Council, this volume offers integrated and insightful essays examining cases that run the gamut from geology to psychology, chemistry, physics, botany, mathematics, epidemiology, and biological engineering. Taking in shipwrecks, human evolution, military intelligence, and mass extinctions, this landmark study revises our understanding of what science is, and the roles of narrative in scientists' work. This title is also available as Open Access.
Linear IC Applications
Over the past two decades, silicon integrated circuit (IC) technology has evolved so much and so quickly that the number of transistors per square millimeter has almost doubled in every eighteen months. Since the minimum channel length of transistors has been shrunk, transistors have also become faster. The evolution of IC technology has been driven mostly by the industry in digital circuits such as microprocessors and memories. As IC fabrication technology has advanced, more analog signal processing functions have been replaced by digital blocks. In this book few short answer questions are mentioned.
Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Materials and Structures
This reprint contains 15 papers published in the Special Issue entitled "Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Materials and Structures: Experimental Evidence and Analytical Models". Dealing with the broad spectrum of the mechanical behavior of concrete materials and structures, the reprint includes experimental findings and numerical analyses using both conventional and advanced methodologies. This book presents contributions in the field of not only ordinary and prestressed concretes, but also special concretes, including high-strength, recycled, and fiber-reinforced concretes, for both structural and non-structural applications, and for the development of related numerical/analytical predictive models.
Modelling and Control of Mechatronic and Robotic Systems, Volume II
In modern times, mechatronic and robotic systems are developing at a faster pace than in the past, and research on novel solutions and applications of such devices are studied in both industrial and academic environments. The second volume of this Special Issue of Applied Sciences aims to disseminate the latest research achievements, ideas, and applications of the modeling and control of mechatronic and robotic systems, with particular emphasis on novel trends and challenges. We invited contributions to this Special Issue on topics including (but not limited to): modeling and control, path and trajectory planning, optimization problems, collaborative robotics, mechatronics, flexible multi-body systems, mobile robotics, and manufacturing applications.
Numerical Investigations of Combustion
This Special Issue will highlight the latest advances in numerical modeling of combustion-related applications. With the recent advancements in computational capacities and the widespread use of simulations in engineering problems, numerical methods are becoming increasingly important to improve existing models and develop new models that can help researchers to better understand the underlying mechanisms of combustion, their interaction with other physical phenomena, such as turbulence, and their impacts on the performance of related applications at both fundamental and practical levels.
Design for Additive Manufacturing
This Special Issue book aims to take stock of the most recent design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) methodologies, methods, and tools. After an overview prepared by the Editors, which summarizes the present situation and predicts future trends in the research area, the book collects a series of papers which are arranged as follows.The first part presents papers on innovative design for additive manufacturing and optimization workflows. The primary purpose of these works is to support design engineers during the entire design process. They illustrate how to integrate methods and tools, and they provide information on the contexts in which DfAM methodologies can guarantee maximum benefits. The second part focuses on DfAM methods (e.g., cell modelling and self-supporting topologies), topological optimization (integrated within workflow design), and process simulation (also based on machine learning approaches). The third part begins with an extensive review of presently available DfAM tools. Then, it continues with the presentation of systems to support design processes (e.g., simulation for predicting the mechanical characteristics; definition of the tool path for the optimization of structural performance). The last part presents some significant applications for the research presented thus far. The applications refer to the electronics sector (novel resistive sensors), the biomedical sector (clips for measuring exposure in the breathing zone; shaped ceramic bone implants), and the energy sector (composite structures for marine energy systems).
Applied Cognitive Sciences
Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field in the study of the mind and intelligence. The term cognition refers to a variety of mental processes, including perception, problem solving, learning, decision making, language use, and emotional experience. The basis of the cognitive sciences is the contribution of philosophy and computing to the study of cognition. Computing is very important in the study of cognition because computer-aided research helps to develop mental processes, and computers are used to test scientific hypotheses about mental organization and functioning. This book provides a platform for reviewing these disciplines and presenting cognitive research as a separate discipline.
Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructures
This book contains the manuscripts that were accepted for publication in the MDPI Special Topic "Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure" after a rigorous peer-review process. Authors from academia, government and industry contributed their innovative solutions, consistent with the interdisciplinary nature of cybersecurity. The book contains 16 articles: an editorial explaining current challenges, innovative solutions, real-world experiences including critical infrastructure, 15 original papers that present state-of-the-art innovative solutions to attacks on critical systems, and a review of cloud, edge computing, and fog's security and privacy issues.
Recent Advances in Nanogenerators
This book focuses on both fundamental and applied research on nanogenerators. The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is based on expanded Maxwell's equations for a mechano-driven system, including the polarization density term Ps in a displacement vector owing to the electrostatic charges on medium surfaces as produced by effects such as triboelectrification. The TENGs have potential applications in blue energy, wearable devices, environmental protectioin, medical science, and security. Hybridized and coupled nanogenerators further expand the application of nanogenerators in energy stability and multi-functional sensing.
Forage Seed Production in Ethiopia. Challenges and Prospects
Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Agrarian Studies, Hawassa University, language: English, abstract: This term paper aims to investigate challenges and prospects of forage seed production in Ethiopia. Seed production of forage species is a much earlier and less developed stage in the tropics and subtropics than in temperate regimes. Many of the current tropical forage cultivars were developed 50 years ago. Most of these grasses come from species new to agriculture. They have not undergone long period of domestication through hybridization and selection. Instead, they still retain many "wild characteristics" - attributes which aid their natural spread but pose difficulties for their commercial seed production. All of this poses a challenge to seed producers who must decide where the various crops should be grown for seed, the best management strategy to apply in each case and when and how they should be harvested to maximize seed yield and quality. Forage seed productions in tropical regions are characterized by variable production. Seed yield instability of the species may be a consequence of the contrasting environmental conditions that occur during the vegetative and reproductive growth of the crops.
Modelling and Calculation of Raw Material Industry
The raw materials industry is widely considered to be too environmentally costly, and causing more losses than benefits. The responsible solving of the problems caused by this industry is not "exporting" its operations to less developed countries, but addressing all recognized hazards with dedicated technological developments. Such an approach is presented by the authors of this book. The contributions deal with the optimization of processes in the raw materials industry, obtaining energy from alternative fuels, researching the environmental aspects of industrial activities. This book determines some guidelines for the sustainable raw materials industry, describing methods of the optimized use of mined deposits and the recovery of materials, reductions in energy consumption and the recuperation of energy, minimizations in the emissions of pollutants, the perfection of quieter and safer processes, and the facilitation of modern materials-, water-, and energy-related techniques and technologies.
Non-destructive Testing in Civil Engineering
This Special Issue, entitled "Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering", aims to present to interested researchers and engineers the latest achievements in the field of new research methods, as well as the original results of scientific research carried out with their use-not only in laboratory conditions but also in selected case studies. The articles published in this Special Issue are theoretical-experimental and experimental, and also show the practical nature of the research. They are grouped by topic, and the main content of each article is briefly discussed for your convenience. These articles extend the knowledge in the field of non-destructive testing in civil engineering with regard to new and improved non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, their complementary application, and also the analysis of their results-including the use of sophisticated mathematical algorithms and artificial intelligence, as well as the diagnostics of materials, components, structures, entire buildings, and interesting case studies.
Deep Learning-Based Machinery Fault Diagnostics
This book offers a compilation for experts, scholars, and researchers to present the most recent advancements, from theoretical methods to the applications of sophisticated fault diagnosis techniques. The deep learning methods for analyzing and testing complex mechanical systems are of particular interest. Special attention is given to the representation and analysis of system information, operating condition monitoring, the establishment of technical standards, and scientific support of machinery fault diagnosis.
Aircraft Noise
Noise generated by aircraft continues to be a pressing issue for society, as an increasing number of people residing in close proximity to airports make noise complaints on a regular basis. The reduction in aircraft noise is therefore a very important engineering task that would require the careful identification of different acoustic sources around the airplane, the understanding of noise source behavior and ranking along flight trajectories, sophisticated measurement techniques, and robust and accurate numerical tools aimed at predicting the generation of noise, the propagation through the atmosphere, and the resulting noise impact along approach and departure flights. For an overall assessment of the situation, it has to be assessed along entire flight trajectories rather than assessing limited operating conditions only. Furthermore, it is highly recommended to apply multiple acoustic metrics and account for different and widespread observer locations along the flight. Only then can the overall situation be adequately captured. Obviously, this is a highly multidisciplinary effort and no single discipline can address this problem. This reprint includes selected research studies with that multidisciplinary context that deal with numerical or experimental investigations that range from the investigation of specific noise sources to the assessment of noise generated by the overall aircraft in operation. Both basic and applied research studies involving the modelling and simulation of aircraft noise are included.
Advanced Materials in 3D/4D Printing Technology
This reprint contains a collection of state-of-the-art reviews and original research articles from leaders in the field of 3D/4D printing. It focuses on 3D/4D printing materials with novel and/or advanced functionalities, novel applications of 3DP material, and material synthesis and characterization techniques.
Design and Application of Additive Manufacturing
Additive manufacturing (AM) is continuously improving and offering innovative alternatives to conventional manufacturing techniques. The advantages of AM (design freedom, reduction in material waste, low-cost prototyping, etc.) can be exploited in different sectors by replacing or complementing traditional manufacturing methods. For this to happen, the combination of design, materials and technology must be deeply analyzed for every specific application. Despite the continuous progress of AM, there is still a need for further investigation in terms of design and applications to boost AM's implementation in the manufacturing industry or even in other sectors where short and personalized series productions could be useful, such as the medical sector. This Special Issue gathers a variety of research articles (12 peer-reviewed papers) involving the design and application of AM, including innovative design approaches where AM is applied to improve conventional methods or currently used techniques, design and modeling methodologies for specific AM applications, design optimization and new methods for the quality control and calibration of simulation methods.
Novel Specialty Optical Fibers and Applications
Novel Specialty Optical Fibers and Applications focuses on the latest developments in specialty fiber technology and its applications. The aim of this reprint is to provide an overview of specialty optical fibers in terms of their technological developments and applications. Contributions include: 1. Specialty fibers composed of special materials for new functionalities and applications in new spectral windows. 2. Hollow-core fiber-based applications. 3. Functionalized fibers. 4. Structurally engineered fibers. 5. Specialty fibers for distributed fiber sensors. 6. Specialty fibers for communications.
Feasible, Robust and Reliable Automation and Control for Autonomous Systems
The Special Issue book focuses on highlighting current research and developments in the automation and control field for autonomous systems as well as showcasing state-of-the-art control strategy approaches for autonomous platforms. The book is co-edited by distinguished international control system experts currently based in Sweden, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom, with contributions from reputable researchers from China, Austria, France, the United States of America, Poland, and Hungary, among many others. The editors believe the ten articles published within this Special Issue will be highly appealing to control-systems-related researchers in applications typified in the fields of ground, aerial, maritime vehicles, and robotics as well as industrial audiences.
Advances in Heat and Mass Transfer in Micro/Nano Systems
The miniaturization of components in mechanical and electronic equipment has been the driving force for the fast development of micro/nanosystems. Heat and mass transfer are crucial processes in such systems, and they have attracted great interest in recent years. Tremendous effort, in terms of theoretical analyses, experimental measurements, numerical simulation, and practical applications, has been devoted to improve our understanding of complex heat and mass transfer processes and behaviors in such micro/nanosystems. This Special Issue is dedicated to showcasing recent advances in heat and mass transfer in micro- and nanosystems, with particular focus on the development of new models and theories, the employment of new experimental techniques, the adoption of new computational methods, and the design of novel micro/nanodevices. Thirteen articles have been published after peer-review evaluations, and these articles cover a wide spectrum of active research in the frontiers of micro/nanosystems.
Geodesy
The fifth edition of this textbook has been completely revised and significantly extended in order to reflect the revolution of geodetic technologies, methods and applications during the last decade. The Global Geodetic Observing System established by the IAG utilizes a variety of techniques to determine the geometric shape of the earth and its kinematics, the variations of earth rotation, and the earth's gravity field. The societal importance of geodetic products was highlighted by the UN resolution on the Global Geodetic Reference Frame. In this context, both space and terrestrial techniques play a fundamental role. Recent space missions are monitoring climate-relevant processes such as mass transport in the Earth system and sea level changes. The analysis of the time variation of the geodetic products provides the link to neighboring geosciences and contributes to proper modelling of geodynamic processes. New satellite mission concepts and novel technologies such as quantum gravimetry and optical clocks show great potential to further improve the geodetic observing system in the future. The book especially addresses graduate students in the fields of geodesy, geophysics, surveying engineering, geomatics, and space navigation. It should also serve as a reference for geoscientists and engineers facing geodetic problems in their professional work. The book follows the principal directions of geodesy, providing the theoretical background as well as the principles of measurement and evaluation methods, which is enriched with numerous figures. An extensive reference list supports further studies.
The Influence of Training Strategies on Airline Organizational Operations in New Zealand
Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Organisation and administration - Miscellaneous, grade: A+, language: English, abstract: This paper addresses the impact of training strategies on airline organizational operations in New Zealand. Airline operations involve numerous departments aiming at a hundred percent on-time performance (OTP) for each flight departure with safety as a non-negotiable condition. Thus, safety training is at the heart of operations and has been incorporated in multiple management systems supported by different departments such as Safety Management System (SMS), Quality Management System (QMS), Security Management System (SeMS), Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA), Environmental Management System (EMS) and Occupational Health Safety Management System (OHSMS). Therefore, the company has adopted an Integrated Airline Safety Management System (IASMS) which outlines the core policies and processes that make up the company group SMS.
Transnational Research in Technical Communication
Transnational Research in Technical Communication considers the complexities of intercultural projects from a compelling perspective: first-hand narrative reflections. Readers go behind the scenes as scholars share their experiences crossing a variety of borders in their efforts to engage in knowledge-making endeavors. Interwoven through each chapter are stories of how projects were designed, adapted, and sometimes even failed. The collection begins with an introduction situating it at the intersection of recent scholarship in storywork, intercultural research, and technical and professional communication's social justice turn. Each chapter concludes with discussion questions and recommendations for further reading. The closing chapter reveals a nascent "ethic of transnational and intercultural research" growing out of contributors' lessons learned and generous reflections. Anyone interested in or planning to undertake a transnational or intercultural project can benefit from these storied case studies, and as a result, this collection contributes to moving the field forward as it strives to promote more ethically aware and responsive research.
Greening Cities Shaping Cities
The topic of pinpointing Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in the urban context has been cultivating interest lately from different scholars, urban planning practitioners and policymakers. This Special Issue originates from the Greening Cities Shaping Cities Symposium held at the Politecnico di Milano (12-13 October 2020), aiming at bridging the gap between the science and practice of implementing NBS in the built environment, as well as highlighting the importance of citizen participation in shared governance and policy making. The Special Issue received contributions from all over the world, from Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Turkey, Brazil, Portugal, Denmark, France, Bulgaria, Sweden, Hungary, Spain, the UAE, the UK, and the USA.
Techniques and Applications of UAV-Based Photogrammetric 3D Mapping
The book focuses on the techniques for UAV-based 3D mapping and its applications in varying fields since the explosive development of UAV-based photogrammetric 3D mapping and their wide applications from traditional surveying and mapping to other related fields have been witnessed in photogrammetry and remote sensing.In the last decade, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images have become one of the most important remote sensing data sources for photogrammetric 3D mapping. Besides, the rapid development of recent techniques, e.g., SfM (Structure from Motion) for off-line image orientation, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) for on-line UAV navigation, and the deep learning (DL) embedded 3D reconstruction pipeline, has promoted UAV-based 3D mapping towards the direction of automation and intelligence. It is really worthy to collecting the cutting-edge techniques and reporting their promising applications.
Surface Plasmon Resonance for Biosensing
The rise of photonics technologies has driven an extremely fast evolution in biosensing applications. Such rapid progress has created a gap of understanding and insight capability in the general public about advanced sensing systems that have been made progressively available by these new technologies. Thus, there is currently a clear need for moving the meaning of some keywords, such as plasmonic, into the daily vocabulary of a general audience with a reasonable degree of education.The selection of the scientific works reported in this book is carefully balanced between reviews and research papers and has the purpose of presenting a set of applications and case studies sufficiently broad enough to enlighten the reader attention toward the great potential of plasmonic biosensing and the great impact that can be expected in the near future for supporting disease screening and stratification.
Modelling, Test and Practice of Steel Structures
This book provides an international forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest developments in structural-steel research and its applications. The topics of this book include the modelling, testing and practice of steel structures and steel-based composite structures. A total of 17 high-quality, original papers dealing with all aspects of steel-structures research, including modelling, testing, and construction research on material properties, components, assemblages, connection, and structural behaviors, are included for publication.
Buildings of Tomorrow
This reprint aims to address the challenges modern-day buildings face in the context of high energy and resource consumption and climate change. One of the ways to address the issues is holistic design and operation of high-performance buildings in the area of energy efficiency, occupant health, and comfort. All this should be achieved through synergic interconnectedness between parameters such as the indoor-outdoor environment, sustainability, and resilience. Through different chapters, this reprint highlights the key areas, namely, the optimization of building design parameters, the impact of the use of modern-day phase-change materials, the adaptation of occupants and buildings to climate change, the mitigation of urban overheating by cool roofs, and reducing energy demand and CO2 emissions.
Artificial Intelligence for Multimedia Signal Processing
Artificial intelligence technologies are also actively applied to broadcasting and multimedia processing technologies. A lot of research has been conducted in a wide variety of fields, such as content creation, transmission, and security, and these attempts have been made in the past two to three years to improve image, video, speech, and other data compression efficiency in areas related to MPEG media processing technology. Additionally, technologies such as media creation, processing, editing, and creating scenarios are very important areas of research in multimedia processing and engineering. This book contains a collection of some topics broadly across advanced computational intelligence algorithms and technologies for emerging multimedia signal processing as: Computer vision field, speech/sound/text processing, and content analysis/information mining.
Expanding the Horizons of Manufacturing
This research topic aims at enterprise-wide modeling and optimization (EWMO) through the development and application of integrated modeling, simulation and optimization methodologies, and computer-aided tools for reliable and sustainable improvement opportunities within the entire manufacturing network (raw materials, production plants, distribution, retailers, and customers) and its components. This integrated approach incorporates information from the local primary control and supervisory modules into the scheduling/planning formulation. That makes it possible to dynamically react to incidents that occur in the network components at the appropriate decision-making level, requiring fewer resources, emitting less waste, and allowing for better responsiveness in changing market requirements and operational variations, reducing cost, waste, energy consumption and environmental impact, and increasing the benefits. More recently, the exploitation of new technology integration, such as through semantic models in formal knowledge models, allows for the capture and utilization of domain knowledge, human knowledge, and expert knowledge toward comprehensive intelligent management. Otherwise, the development of advanced technologies and tools, such as cyber-physical systems, the Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Blockchain, etc., have captured the attention of manufacturing enterprises toward intelligent manufacturing systems. This Special Issue also calls for contributions from these advanced areas.
Low Back Pain (LBP)
Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem, being the most commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) and the leading cause of compromised quality of life and work absenteeism. Indeed, LBP is the leading worldwide cause of years lost to disability, and its burden is growing alongside the increasing and aging population.The etiology, pathogenesis, and occupational risk factors of LBP are still not fully understood. It is crucial to give a stronger focus to reducing the consequences of LBP, as well as preventing its onset. Primary prevention at the occupational level remains important for highly exposed groups. Therefore, it is essential to identify which treatment options and workplace-based intervention strategies are effective in increasing participation at work and encouraging early return-to-work to reduce the consequences of LBP.The present Special Issue offers a unique opportunity to update many of the recent advances and perspectives of this health problem. A number of topics will be covered in order to attract high-quality research papers, including the following major areas: prevalence and epidemiological data, etiology, prevention, assessment and treatment approaches, and health promotion strategies for LBP. We have received a wide range of submissions, including research on the physical, psychosocial, environmental, and occupational perspectives, also focused on workplace interventions.
Womens' participation in organic shea butter processing and its effect on household income in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana
Master's Thesis from the year 2021 in the subject Agrarian Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, language: English, abstract: Organic production is considered a potential tool to improve rural livelihoods, especially as the market for organic products continue to surge in many countries. Against this backdrop, the study examined women's participation in organic Shea butter processing (OSBP) and its impact on household income in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 202 women processors, while semi-structured questionnaires were employed to collect primary data. The relative importance index was used to analyze the reasons for processing Shea butter organically or conventionally, while the Garrett ranking technique was used to identify the constraints of organic Shea butter processing. The propensity score matching (PSM) approach was also employed to determine the impact of OSBP participation on household income. The results revealed that women process Shea nut organically to earn premium, international recognition and market for organic products, financial support, and higher profit. Women who did not participate in OSBP complained about limited availability of raw high-quality materials, long-distance to the source of raw materials and lack of credit. Household size, years in Shea butter processing, own processing equipment, perception about premium for organic processing, perception about ready market for organic Shea butter, perception about accessing credit for organic processing, and record-keeping significantly influenced participation in OSBP. The results from the PSM analysis revealed that the average household income of organic Shea butter processors (GHȻ 4192.037) was statistically higher than the average household income of conventional Shea butter processors (GHȻ 1527.883) at 1% significance level. The study suggests that women should be educated, trained, and stimulated with credit to in
Knowledge Is Power
This Book "Knowledge Is Power: A View of the Productive Forces of Modern Society and the Results of Labor, Capital and Skill." has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Judgments of the Court of Appeal of New Zealand on Proceedings to Review Aspects of the Report of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Mount Erebus Aircraft Disaster; C.A. 95/81
This Book " Judgments of the Court of Appeal of New Zealand on Proceedings to Review Aspects of the Report of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Mount Erebus Aircraft Disaster; C.A. 95/81" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Application and Theory of Multimedia Signal Processing Using Machine Learning or Advanced Methods
This Special Issue is a book composed by collecting documents published through peer review on the research of various advanced technologies related to applications and theories of signal processing for multimedia systems using ML or advanced methods.Multimedia signals include image, video, audio, character recognition and optimization of communication channels for networks.The specific contents included in this book are data hiding, encryption, object detection, image classification, and character recognition. Academics and colleagues who are interested in these topics will find it interesting to read.
Imperial Science
In the second half of the nineteenth century, British firms and engineers built, laid, and ran a vast global network of submarine telegraph cables. For the first time, cities around the world were put into almost instantaneous contact, with profound effects on commerce, international affairs, and the dissemination of news. Science, too, was strongly affected, as cable telegraphy exposed electrical researchers to important new phenomena while also providing a new and vastly larger market for their expertise. By examining the deep ties that linked the cable industry to work in electrical physics in the nineteenth century - culminating in James Clerk Maxwell's formulation of his theory of the electromagnetic field - Bruce J. Hunt sheds new light both on the history of the Victorian British Empire and on the relationship between science and technology.
Inventing the Future
"I hope that Cori's belief in each one of us as a maker and inventor-and her examples of how technology and business can be fundamentally humanist-will be motivating and inspiring to many people, particularly those who are still choosing their path." Yo-Yo Ma, an excerpt from the book's Foreword Inventors are makers, artists, musicians, and creators, and every one of us has that creative ability within. Like a play or concert, an invention is a fundamentally collaborative effort and a journey of shared experiences. Are you a maker, creator, inventor, or artist? Are you curious about technology and want to make the world a better place? Explore the possibilities of tomorrow through the twenty-year journey of Dr. Cori Lathan, Founder and CEO of AnthroTronix, and embark on your own adventure to invent the future.
Inventing the Future
"I hope that Cori's belief in each one of us as a maker and inventor-and her examples of how technology and business can be fundamentally humanist-will be motivating and inspiring to many people, particularly those who are still choosing their path." Yo-Yo Ma, an excerpt from the book's Foreword Inventors are makers, artists, musicians, and creators, and every one of us has that creative ability within. Like a play or concert, an invention is a fundamentally collaborative effort and a journey of shared experiences. Are you a maker, creator, inventor, or artist? Are you curious about technology and want to make the world a better place? Explore the possibilities of tomorrow through the twenty-year journey of Dr. Cori Lathan, Founder and CEO of AnthroTronix, and embark on your own adventure to invent the future.
Made-Over Dishes
This Book "Made-Over Dishes" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Lady’s Country Companion; Or, How to Enjoy a Country Life Rationally
This Book "The Lady's Country Companion; Or, How to Enjoy a Country Life Rationally" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Magic Shadows
This Book "Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Lady’s Knitting-Book
This Book "The Lady's Knitting-Book" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Lace, Its Origin and History
This Book "Lace, Its Origin and History" has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.
Photonic Jet
Photonic jets (PJs) are important mesoscale optical phenomena arising from electromagnetic waves interacting with dielectric particles. PJs have applications in super-resolution imaging, sensing, detection, patterning, trapping, manipulation, waveguiding, signal amplification and high-efficiency signal collection, among others. This reprint provides an overview of the field and highlights recent advances and trends in PJ research.
Running Dynamics of Rail Vehicles
The investigation of rail vehicle running dynamics plays an important role in the more than 200 year development of railway vehicles and infrastructure. Currently, there are a number of new requirements for rail transport associated with the reduced environmental impact, energy consumption and wear, whilst increasing train speed and passenger comfort. Therefore, the running dynamics of rail vehicles is still a research topic that requires improved simulation tools and experimental procedures. The book focuses on the current research topics in railway vehicles running dynamics. Special attention is given to high-speed railway transport, acoustic and vibrational impact of railway transport to the surroundings, optimization of energy supply systems for railway transport, traction drives optimization and wear of wheels and rails.
Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Germanium Chalcogenides
Germanium (Ge) chalcogenides are characterized by unique properties that make these materials interesting for a very wide range of applications from phase change memories to ovonic threshold switches and from photonics to thermoelectric and photovoltaic devices. In many cases, their physical properties can be finely tuned by doping or by changing the amount of Ge, which may therefore play a key role in determining the applications, performance, and even the reliability of these devices. In this book, we include 11 articles, mainly focusing on applications of Ge chalcogenides for non-volatile memories. Most of the papers have been produced with funding received from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under grant agreement n. 824957.In the Special Issue "BeforeHand: Boosting Performance of Phase Change Devices by Hetero- and Nanostructure Material Design", two contributions are related to the prototypical Ge2Sb2Te5 compound, which is the most studied composition, already integrated in many devices such as optical and electronic memories. Five articles focus on Ge-rich GeSbTe alloys, exploring the electrical and the structural properties, as well as the decomposition paths. Other contributions are focused on the effect of the interfaces and on nanowires.
Computational Methods for Fatigue and Fracture
The development of modern numerical methods has led to significant advances in the field of fatigue and fracture, which are pivotal issues in structural integrity. Because of the permanent tendency to shorten time-to-market periods and the development cost, the use of the finite element method, extended finite element method, peridynamics, or meshless methods, among others, has represented a viable alternative to experimental methods. This Special Issue aims to focus on the new trends in computational methods to address fatigue and fracture problems. Research on innovative and successful industrial applications as well as on nonconventional numerical approaches is also addressed.
