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Performing Deception
In Performing Deception, Brian Rappert reconstructs the practice of entertainment magic by analysing it through the lens of perception, deception and learning, as he goes about studying conjuring himself. Through this novel meditation on reasoning and skill, Rappert elevates magic from the undertaking of mere trickery to an art that offers the basis for rethinking our possibilities for acting in the modern world. Performing Deception covers a wide range of theories in sociology, philosophy, psychology and elsewhere in order to offer a striking assessment of the way secrecy and deception are woven into social interactions, as well as the illusionary and paradoxical status of expertise.
Performing Deception
In Performing Deception, Brian Rappert reconstructs the practice of entertainment magic by analysing it through the lens of perception, deception and learning, as he goes about studying conjuring himself. Through this novel meditation on reasoning and skill, Rappert elevates magic from the undertaking of mere trickery to an art that offers the basis for rethinking our possibilities for acting in the modern world. Performing Deception covers a wide range of theories in sociology, philosophy, psychology and elsewhere in order to offer a striking assessment of the way secrecy and deception are woven into social interactions, as well as the illusionary and paradoxical status of expertise.
Multi-Criteria Decision Models in Software Reliability
This book provides insights into contemporary issues and challenges in Multi-Criteria decision Models. It is a useful guide for identifying, understanding and categorizing Multi-Criteria Decision Models, and ultimately implementing the analysis for effective decision-making.
Sensor Data Analytics
At present, data-intensive applications are one of the most prominent lines of work in data science. Most of these projects occur in the context of sensor data analytics, in which different devices, equipment, and software applications provide dynamic datasets to be processed and analyzed with machine learning algorithms. Application domains span multiple areas, including smart cities and intelligent transport, economy and finance, energy management, biomedical applications, geographical systems, agriculture, and livestock or cybersecurity.This volume is centered on emerging challenges, methods, algorithms, and tools that address sensor data analytics, with a special emphasis on approaches that leverage information theory to accomplish projected goals. It includes practical applications following interdisciplinary approaches using real-world data. Articles are focused on new methods applied to a wide range of applications, from electricity markets to healthcare, among others. Practical cases with real or simulated data demonstrate the usefulness of these methods. Outcomes stemming from these works constitute essential inputs for data-driven decision making.
A Practical Guide to Scientific Writing in Chemistry
Successful completion of postgraduate studies, especially PhD, and career advancement in academia strongly depends on the ability to publish scientific papers, books and research grant proposals. This step-by-step guide is mainly intended for postgraduate students and early career researchers in chemical science and the libraries that serve them.
Reliability and Maintainability Assessment of Industrial Systems
Advanced Structural Health Monitoring
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a strategic tool for the monitoring and noninvasive assessment of the health state of existing structures' infrastructures and systems and can provide decision support for reducing operational costs and risks throughout their life cycle. In that sense, this Special Issue presents six research papers and one review paper that deal with the recent developments in the theoretical, computational, experimental, and practical aspects of this field. The Special Issue covers the following topics: sensors for structural health monitoring; algorithms for damage detection and characterization; structural warning systems; model-based methods for predicting structural service life; the application of SHM for various exceptional loads; the influence of environmental and operational conditions; innovative sensing solutions for SHM; cultural heritage damage detection and health monitoring; bridge damage detection and health monitoring; case study applications; and short-term monitoring systems for diagnostic load testing of structures.
Deep Learning Based Image Processing
Deep learning enables a model constituted by multiple processing layers to learn the data representation with multiple levels of abstraction. In the past decade, deep learning has brought remarkable achievements in many fields of machine learning and pattern recognition, especially in image processing. The state-of-the-art performance in image super-resolution reconstruction, image classification, target detection, image retrieval and other image processing tasks have been greatly improved. This book introduces these image processing technologies based on deep learning, including recent advances, applications in real scenes and future trends. The first chapter introduces image super-resolution reconstruction, which aims to recover high-resolution images from corresponding low-resolution versions. This chapter reviews these image super-resolution methods based on convolutional neural networks and generative adversarial networks on account of internal network structure. The second chapter presents four categories of few-shot image classification algorithms: transfer learning based, meta-learning based, data augmentation based, and multimodal based methods. In the third chapter, deep learning based models for small target detection in video are summarized in detail, which are categorized into one-stage models and two-stage models according to the detection stages. The network structures and plug-in modules for video based small target detection are also explained. The fourth chapter discusses deep learning based cross-modal hashing for image retrieval methods, including the extraction of high-level semantic information and the maintenance of similarity between different mo
Building the French Empire, 1600-1800
This study explores the shared history of the French empire from the perspective of material culture in order to re-evaluate the participation of colonial, Creole, and indigenous agency in the construction of imperial spaces. The decentred approach to a global history of the French colonial realm allows a new understanding of power relations in different locales. Providing case studies from four parts of the French empire, the book draws on illustrative evidence from the French archives in Aix-en-Provence and Paris as well as local archives in each colonial location. The case studies, in the Caribbean, Canada, Africa, and India, each examine building projects to show the mixed group of planners, experts, and workers, the composite nature of building materials, and elements of different 'glocal' styles that give the empire its concrete manifestation.
Energy Resources
Demand for energy and its resources are increasing every day due to the rapid growth of population and urbanization. As the major conventional energy resources like coal, petroleum and natural gas are on the verge of getting depleted in this century, biomass, which is an important renewable energy resource, can be used to produce renewable bioenergy (i.e., heat and electricity), biochemical and biofuels. However, the use of biomass for energy, fuels and chemicals production has generated significant concerns across the globe, especially in developing nations, due to the shortage of food and cultivable land and extremely high population density. This has led to the use of non-edible biomass resources such as Karanja, Jatropha, Neem, Mahua, and Sorghum. These biomass resources are widely used for extracting bio-oil in countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, and Sri Lanka. However, after the extraction of bio-oil, a significant portion of biomass is left as a residual waste and generally referred as Press Seed Cake (PSC). These PSCs, despite having a very high organic content, are currently being landfilled. The current work focuses on the thermochemical conversion of PSCs with an aim to produce bioenergy, biochemical and biofuels. The present study has utilized PSC generated from Karanja, Mahua, Neem and Sorghum. Thermochemical conversion processes that include torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction have been investigated in detail. The focus of the thesis is therefore to study the thermochemical conversion of PSC produced from lignocellulosic biomass regardless of the type of original plant source.
Coprolite in the News
Between 1843 and 1918, tens of thousands of acres of Britain were dug over in the search for fossils. Pits were dug to excavate a fossil bone bed, some reaching forty feet deep, in cliffs, river banks and fields in Yorkshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire, and Kent. Called 'coprolites' and thought by many to be fossilised prehistoric animal droppings, the best specimens were sent to museums As the deposit included teeth, bones, claws and shells of dinosaurs and other land and marine organisms, geologists disagreed about them being called fossilised poo. They preferred to term them phosphatic nodules. Their high phosphate content, the mineral needed to stimulate plant growth, led the bulk of the fossils to be sold and transported to chemical manure works, ground into a powder and dissolved in sulphuric acid to make superphosphate, the world's first chemical fertiliser. Landowners made fortunes from coprolite contractors who paid them initially for the number of tons raised from pits in their fields. Later, agreements were written up where they were paid for every acre, rood and perch worked. Thousands of men, women and children were employed in the coprolite or fossil pits, washing mills and manure works. Demand for phosphate rock was so great that geologists were sent overseas to locate potential supplies. The gradual exhaustion of the coprolite bed and imports Europe, Africa, the United States and Pacific islands caused this unusual branch of agricultural mining to disappear. Bernard O'Connor researched the boom and bust of the coprolite industry and 'Coprolite in the News' is a collection of hundreds of newspaper articles and contemporary illustrations which provide an overview of not only the social, economic and environmental impact of the diggings but also how the industry affected analytical chemists, geologists, archaeologists, surveyors, auctioneers, land agents, manure manufacturers, farmers, politicians, brewers and members of the religious and legal professions.
Discontinuous Surface Exploitation
All mineral raw materials located near the surface can be exploited on the surface immediately. The basic characteristic of surface exploitation is the use of high productivity machines for digging, loading and transporting both tailings and useful mineral raw materials. Machines used for transportation can be used to transport tailings to a landfill or to transport useful mineral raw materials to a processing plant. In addition, this paper also contains a section on the chimney transport of tailings and mineral raw materials in surface mines. In this paper, only discontinuous equipment is described, which is used for digging, loading and transport in surface mines. In addition, this paper describes the use of GPS on the discontinuous equipment of the Banovici Brown Coal Mine and the use of GPS on the continuous equipment of the Dubrave Lignite Mine.
Practical Guide to Diagnosing Structural Movementin Buildings
PRACTICAL GUIDE TO DIAGNOSING STRUCTURAL MOVEMENT IN BUILDINGS Concise and readable practitioner focused guide to diagnosing the causes of cracks and movement in buildings The expanded and updated Second Edition of Practical Guide to Diagnosing Structural Movement in Buildings shows how movement can manifest as cracking in the building fabric and provides a rigorous, structured approach to understanding the evidence to ensure the surveyor can confidently diagnose the cause and impact of any structural movement they encounter. The book is written in four parts, with part one describing the key principles of movement and cracking. Parts two and three describe the main features of common forms of movement and the associated crack patterns, with part two covering causes other than ground or foundation movement and part three covering movement caused by ground or foundations. Part four briefly describes the techniques used to arrest further movement or repair damage caused by movement. Topics covered in Practical Guide to Diagnosing Structural Movement in Buildings include: First principles, including crack patterns and cracks, rotational movement, weak routes, load distribution, and movement and orientation Expansion cracking, cavity wall tie corrosion, roof spread, springing from deflected beams, and overloaded floors and beams Clay heave, uneven loading, eccentric loading on foundations, drains and drain trenches, differential foundation movement, and load concentrations on foundations Repair methods, including stitching in brickwork, reinforcing brick mortar joints, tie bars, restraint straps, underpinning, grouting, and root barriers Primarily intended for the relatively inexperienced surveyor or engineer, as well as undergraduate students, Practical Guide to Diagnosing Structural Movement in Buildings focuses on identification and diagnosis, helping to correctly diagnose problems while also demonstrating a methodical approach to show and record how the diagnosis was reached, which is critical in client satisfaction.
Water Rich
Water Rich describes the struggles of Wisconsin residents to obtain water supplies from prehistoric times to the present. It chronicles advances in water supply technologies, changers in governmental control and the evoliution in the understanding of waterborne diseases, all of which profoundly influenced the development of drinking water supplies. A summary of the state's surface and groundwater resources is provided as a background to explain the often difficult decisions in the selection of water sources. The book is illustrated with stories, pictures and old photos from all parts of the state. Table of ContentsHistorical PerspectiveWisconsin's Water ResourcesFrontier and Rural SuppliesDisease and SanitationWater in the CitiesMilwaukeeThe Mineral Springs EraRecent Developments
Computational Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics
This research topic aims at enterprise-wide modeling and optimization (EWMO) through the development and application of integrated modeling, simulation and optimization methodologies, and computer-aided tools for reliable and sustainable improvement opportunities within the entire manufacturing network (raw materials, production plants, distribution, retailers, and customers) and its components. This integrated approach incorporates information from the local primary control and supervisory modules into the scheduling/planning formulation. That makes it possible to dynamically react to incidents that occur in the network components at the appropriate decision-making level, requiring fewer resources, emitting less waste, and allowing for better responsiveness in changing market requirements and operational variations, reducing cost, waste, energy consumption and environmental impact, and increasing the benefits. More recently, the exploitation of new technology integration, such as through semantic models in formal knowledge models, allows for the capture and utilization of domain knowledge, human knowledge, and expert knowledge toward comprehensive intelligent management. Otherwise, the development of advanced technologies and tools, such as cyber-physical systems, the Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Blockchain, etc., have captured the attention of manufacturing enterprises toward intelligent manufacturing systems. This Special Issue also calls for contributions from these advanced areas.
Symmetry in Structural Health Monitoring
In this Special Issue on symmetry, we mainly discuss the application of symmetry in various structural health monitoring. For example, considering the health monitoring of a known structure, by obtaining the static or dynamic response of the structure, using different signal processing methods, including some advanced filtering methods, to remove the influence of environmental noise, and extract structural feature parameters to determine the safety of the structure. These damage diagnosis methods can also be effectively applied to various types of infrastructure and mechanical equipment. For this reason, the vibration control of various structures and the knowledge of random structure dynamics should be considered, which will promote the rapid development of the structural health monitoring. Among them, signal extraction and evaluation methods are also worthy of study. The improvement of signal acquisition instruments and acquisition methods improves the accuracy of data. A good evaluation method will help to correctly understand the performance with different types of infrastructure and mechanical equipment.
Performance of Induction Machines
Induction machines are one of the most important technical applications for both the industrial world and private use. Since their invention (achievements of Galileo Ferraris, Nikola Tesla, and Michal Doliwo-Dobrowolski), they have been widely used in different electrical drives and as generators, thanks to their features such as reliability, durability, low price, high efficiency, and resistance to failure.The methods for designing and using induction machines are similar to the methods used in other electric machines but have their own specificity. Many issues discussed here are based on the fundamental achievements of authors such as Nasar, Boldea, Yamamura, Tegopoulos, and Kriezis, who laid the foundations for the development of induction machines, which are still relevant today. The control algorithms are based on the achievements of Blaschke (field vector-oriented control) and Depenbrock or Takahashi (direct torque control), who created standards for the control of induction machines.Today's induction machines must meet very stringent requirements of reliability, high efficiency, and performance. Thanks to the application of highly efficient numerical algorithms, it is possible to design induction machines faster and at a lower cost. At the same time, progress in materials science and technology enables the development of new machine topologies. The main objective of this book is to contribute to the development of induction machines in all areas of their applications.
Global Sustainability and Innovation
Global Sustainability and Innovation offers an in-depth look into the theory and practice of sustainability. This text seeks to provide students with a straightforward and accessible guide to understanding this rapidly emerging and widely misunderstood field. A diverse range of essential topics in sustainability are examined, including energy, environmental conservation, and the green revolution. New topics explored in this edition include climate change, recycling, and the effect of renewable energy sources on the environment. The anthology offers an innovative approach to studying sustainability. By exploring the roles of reuse, recycling, and remanufacturing in business decisions, it illustrates the techniques necessary to establish sustainable business practices. The text features several real-world case studies from leading experts that give readers a glimpse into how sustainability is currently being implemented in product and process design decisions at several major organizations. The third edition features increased focus on hydrogen power (including hydrogen-based transportation systems), sustainable operations and closed loop supply chains, and fuel cells. Five new readings in support of these topical areas have been added to the text. Global Sustainability and Innovation ties together diverse elements to impart a holistic overview of the sustainability spectrum. It is ideal for courses in sustainability and courses focused on the environment and renewable energy.
Future Media Development
The book is written by Professor Sanjay Rout and Edited by Professor Prangyan Biswal, Published by ISL Publications. ISL Publication is a global Research Development, Advisory, Think-tank, Policy Research, Innovation Development, Publication, Communication and Adv​​​​​​​isory Firm working on Future Business Solution. This book depicts future transformation thoughts of developments. The book is available in all leading global stores.
Production and Role of Molecular Hydrogen in Plants
Molecular hydrogen (hydrogen gas; H2) is gaining prominence in the scientific literature as well as the popular media. Early studies suggest the use of H2 treatment for a wide range of human diseases, from COVID-19 to various neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, its biological activity also appears to have therapeutic and regulatory effects in plants. Accordingly, it has been suggested to be useful in agricultural settings.H2 has effects on a range of physiological events in plants. It has been shown to have effects on seed germination, plant growth, and development. It has also been found to be involved in plant stress responses and to be protective against abiotic stress. It also has beneficial effects during the post-harvest storage of crops. Therefore, its use in the agricultural setting has great potential as it appears to be safe, with no toxicity or harm to the environment.One of the conundrums of the use of H2 is how it induces these effects in plants and plant cells. It is difficult to envisage how it works based on a classical receptor mechanism. There is evidence that it may act as a direct antioxidant, by scavenging hydroxyl radicals, or via enhancing the plant's innate antioxidant system as a signaling molecule. It has also been reported to exert effects through action on heme oxygenase, cross-talk with other signaling molecules, and regulating the expression of various genes. However, how H2 fits into, and integrates with, other signaling pathways is not clearly understood. Future work is needed to elucidate the mechanism and significance of the interaction of H2 with these and other cellular systems.
Advances in Ecohydrology for Water Resources Optimization in Arid and Semi-arid Areas
This Special Issue (SI) aims to investigate the relationships between hydrological and ecological processes and how these interactions can contribute to the optimization of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas.This SI collected 10 original contributions on sustainable land management and the optimization of water resources in fragile environments that are at elevated risk due to climate change. The topics mainly concern transpiration, evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, deep percolation, and related issues.The collection of manuscripts presented in this SI represents a contribution of knowledge in ecohydrology.
The Manufacture of Leather
The Manufacture of Leather is an unchanged, high-quality reprint of the original edition of 1897. Hansebooks is editor of the literature on different topic areas such as research and science, travel and expeditions, cooking and nutrition, medicine, and other genres. As a publisher we focus on the preservation of historical literature. Many works of historical writers and scientists are available today as antiques only. Hansebooks newly publishes these books and contributes to the preservation of literature which has become rare and historical knowledge for the future.
Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement
The papers by Jack Stenner included in this book document the technical details of an art and science of measurement that creates new entrepreneurial business opportunities. Jack brought theory, instruments, and data together in ways that are applicable not only in the context of a given test of reading or mathematics ability, but which more importantly catalyzed literacy and numeracy capital in new fungible expressions. Though Jack did not reflect in writing on the inferential, constructive processes in which he engaged, much can be learned by reviewing his work with his accomplishments in mind. A Foreword by Stenner's colleague and co-author on multiple works, William P. Fisher, Jr., provides key clues concerning (a) how Jack's understanding of measurement and its values aligns with social and historical studies of science and technology, and (b) how recent developments in collaborations of psychometricians and metrologists are building on and expanding Jack's accomplishments. ​This is an open access book.
India and Indian Engineering; Three lectures delivered at the Royal Engineer Institute, Chatham, in July 1872
India and Indian Engineering; Three lectures delivered at the Royal Engineer Institute, Chatham, in July 1872, a classic since it was first published. Has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Journal of Electricity, Power and Gas, Volume XX, No. 18, May 2, 1908;Devoted to the Conversion, Transmission and Distribution of Energy
The Journal of Electricity, Power and Gas, Volume XX, No. 18, May 2, 1908;Devoted to the Conversion, Transmission and Distribution of Energy, a classic since it was first published. Has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Industrial Canal and Inner Harbor of New Orleans; History, Description and Economic Aspects of Giant Facility Created to Encourage Industrial Expansion and Develop Commerce
The Industrial Canal and Inner Harbor of New Orleans; History, Description and Economic Aspects of Giant Facility Created to Encourage Industrial Expansion and Develop Commerce, a classic since it was first published. Has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Frontier Research on the Processing Quality of Cereal and Oil Food
As everyone knows, cereal and oil are still the main part of our diet and provide essential nutrients and energy every day. With the progress of food processing technology, the quality of cereal and oil food is also improved significantly. Behind this, major nutrients of grain and oil, including protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and functional components, have experienced a variety of physical, chemical, and biological reactions during food processing. Moreover, research in this field also covers the multi-scale structural changes of characteristic components, such as component interaction and formation of key domains, which is essential for the quality enhancement of cereal and oil food. Based on the increasing consumer demand for nourishing, healthy, and delicious cereal and oil food, it might be interesting to report the latest research on the application of novel technology in food processing, multi-scale structural changes of characteristic components in food processing, structure-activity mechanism of food functional components. This book aimed to provide useful reference and guidance for the processing and utilization of cereal and oil food so as to provide technical support for the healthy development of cereal a oil food processing industry wordwide.
Systems Engineering
Current trends in Industry 4.0 are largely related to issues of reliability and availability. As a result of these trends and the complexity of engineering systems, research and development in this area needs to focus on new solutions in the integration of intelligent machines or systems, with an emphasis on changes in production processes aimed at increasing production efficiency or equipment reliability. The emergence of innovative technologies and new business models based on innovation, cooperation networks, and the enhancement of endogenous resources is assumed to be a strong contribution to the development of competitive economies all around the world. Innovation and engineering, focused on sustainability, reliability, and availability of resources, have a key role in this context. The scope of this Special Issue is closely associated to that of the ICIE'2020 conference. This conference and journal's Special Issue is to present current innovations and engineering achievements of top world scientists and industrial practitioners in the thematic areas related to reliability and risk assessment, innovations in maintenance strategies, production process scheduling, management and maintenance or systems analysis, simulation, design and modelling.
Take Back Manufacturing
This book is about how in less than one lifetime we have experienced the destruction of the manufacturing sectors in our western societies. and the significant loss of national prosperity, and why the imperative for western economies must be to ....Take Back Manufacturing!The globalized manufacturing approach with efficient supply chains supported by liberalized free trade agreements has been the business norm in the last four decades and has been the prime reason for the "hollowing out" of our Western industrial base.But now many experts predict yet another significant change regarding global and national economic conditions that will, for many reasons, provide an opportunity for our western economies to move back to more localized trade blocs, and the reshoring of their manufacturing.Some nations, including Canada, are not considered a logical reshoring destination, and experts predict further decline in manufacturing, but this book provides a perspective and outlook that suggests that with the correct political will and focus they could recover their manufacturing industries and improve future prosperity.
Advances in Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
Plasma can be generated via the combination of energy-inducing fragmentation, ionization, and excitation of molecular. Such processes occur throughout the life of the plasma, resulting in a wide variety of atomic and molecular species, which can be electrically charged, energetically excited, highly reactive, or any combination of these states. Plasma diagnostics can demonstrate important discharge characteristics and the mechanisms of plasma-induced processes. Parameter's dynamic range spans many orders of magnitude, and spatial/temporal scales significantly vary during plasma source configurations. Many diagnostic techniques have been developed to characterize plasma, including scattering techniques, intensified charge-coupled device cameras, laser-based methods, optical emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, gas chromatography, etc. Although various mature diagnostic technologies for plasma discharges have been developed, there are still many challenges. The measurement precision is not only affected by the diagnostic equipment/ techniques, but also by the plasma discharge itself. In many applications, direct measurements of the parameters of interest are still not possible. In addition, the plasma environments in application processes are unusually complex, and their reactions are still not fully understood. Plasma can exist in a variety of forms due to discharge modes resulting from different means of creation, resulting in a wide range of applications. This brings together many research fields, including physics, engineering, chemistry, biology, and medicine.
CO2 Capture and Renewable Energy
The urgently needed carbon neutral economy requires a portfolio of strategies, among which, CO2 capture and renewable energy will need to play a decisive role.Dispatchable renewables, such as bioenergy, will play an increasing role in maintaining electricity security, in producing heat in the industry and residential sectors, and in reducing the emissions from the transport sector. Biomethane, also known as a renewable natural gas, can be directly blended with or fully replace natural gas in existing pipelines and end-user equipment, with the added advantage of being carbon neutral.CO2 capture and storage (CCS) will also be of paramount importance in abating CO2 emissions from existing infrastructure in the power and industrial sectors. There are many industries that will be difficult or impossible to decarbonize in the short term, such as the cement sector, in which CO2 emissions are intrinsic to the production process. In such cases, CCS will be mandatory to achieve the goal of net zero emissions. Permanent CO2 removal technologies, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and direct air capture and storage (DACS), will also be necessary in the medium term to compensate for emissions from the hard-to-abate sectors, and in the long term, even to remove atmospheric CO2 from past emissions.This book consists of six peer-reviewed scientific articles that cover a range of high-interest subjects related to the aforementioned hot topics.
Enzyme Catalysis
Enzyme-mediated catalysis offers special advantages over chemical methods. First of all, enzymes are considered an environmentally friendly tool as they help to avoid the requirements of toxic chemicals and high energy. In addition, more feasible processes can be accomplished through enzymatic reactions owing to the enzyme's innate properties related to high substrate specificity and selectivity. For this reason, biotechnological production of a wide range of products, such as alternative fuels and value-added biochemicals, has been commercially applicable with the aid of enzymes, either in isolated form or in the whole-cell system. In particular, enzymatic transformation of low-value but cheap/abundant starting materials (i.g. biomass) into high-value materials can facilitate the circular and sustainable bioeconomy. This Special Issue on "Enzyme Catalysis: Advances, Techniques, and Outlooks" consists of six articles, which address diverse industrially relevant enzymes with applications in foods, detergent, cosmetics, medicine, etc. A robust methodology related to enzyme kinetics is also addressed.
The Poetics of Scientific Investigation in Seventeenth-Century England
How should science be written? It is a question that piqued natural philosophers of the seventeenth century as they experimented with the rhetorical figures, neologisms, verse-forms, and generic variety that characterise the literary texture of their work. Inspired laymen were quick to borrow from the new philosophy and from practising scientists in order to deploy ideas and images from astronomy, optics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. Between them, scientists, natural historians, poets, dramatists, and essayists produced new, adjusted, or hybrid literary forms. The Poetics of Scientific Investigation in Seventeenth-Century England examines those forms and that literary-scientific texture, as well as representations of the scientific--the laboratory, collaborative experimental retirement, and the canons of scientific conversation--and proposes that the writing of seventeenth-century science mirrors the intellectual and investigative processes of early modern science itself.
Non-Newtonian Microfluidics
Microfluidics has seen a remarkable growth over recent decades, with its extensive applications in engineering, medicine, biology, chemistry, etc. Many of these real applications of microfluidics involve the handling of complex fluids, such as whole blood, protein solutions, and polymeric solutions, which exhibit non-Newtonian characteristics-specifically viscoelasticity. The elasticity of the non-Newtonian fluids induces intriguing phenomena, such as elastic instability and turbulence, even at extremely low Reynolds numbers. This is the consequence of the nonlinear nature of the rheological constitutive equations. The nonlinear characteristic of non-Newtonian fluids can dramatically change the flow dynamics, and is useful to enhance mixing at the microscale. Electrokinetics in the context of non-Newtonian fluids are also of significant importance, with their potential applications in micromixing enhancement and bio-particles manipulation and separation. In this Special Issue, we welcomed research papers, and review articles related to the applications, fundamentals, design, and the underlying mechanisms of non-Newtonian microfluidics, including discussions, analytical papers, and numerical and/or experimental analyses.
Construction and Demolition Waste
The current production and consumption models of building materials are causing severe environmental and social problems worldwide. In this sense, construction and demolition waste (C&DW) are part of the problem and can be part of the solution, particularly in developing countries where the construction industry is growing very rapidly. Although many efforts have been made by stakeholders to increase the use of C&DW in construction materials, articulated efforts are required at global, national, and local scales to develop truly sustainable construction sectors. Therefore, this e-book, which is based on the "Special Issue on Construction and Demolition Waste: Challenges and Opportunities", is an effort to articulate knowledge on novel and innovative building materials using C&DW and management systems to develop circular economy models (CE) for the construction sector. In this e-book, it is concluded that even though the valorization of C&DW has been developed worldwide, more incentives need to be provided to really convert the local and national construction chains in sustainable sectors, which appropriate the circular economy for production and consumption systems that imrpove, at the least, efficiency in terms of materials, water and energy use.
Sustainable Pavement Engineering and Road Materials
In a similar way to many other engineering fields, the road pavement industry strongly affects the critical issues of our generation, including climate change, pollutant emission, the exploitation of natural resources and economic crises. For this reason, technicians and researchers are searching ravenously for sustainable solutions to implement in current road construction systems with the following goals: To reduce the consumption of energy and virgin materials; To run environmentally and economically friendly maintenance; To recycle waste from different industrial processes; To decrease the noise, the pollution and the heat generated by traffic, particularly in urban contexts.This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality studies that combine the aforementioned solutions, including works pertaining to: The hot, warm, and cold recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavement; Marginal materials for asphalt pavements; Innovative sustainable materials; Durability and environmental aspects; Structure performance, modeling and design; Advanced trends in rehabilitation and preservation; Surface characteristics and road safety; Management system/life cycle analysis; Urban heat island mitigation; Energy harvesting.
Resource Provision of the Sustainable Development under Global Shocks
This reprint focuses on interdisciplinary research that reveals the problems of resource provision of the economy, both from the perspective of local projects and from the point of view of the creation of global infrastructure that contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. Considerable attention is paid to the development of the Arctic territories as one of the most promising sources of mineral and fuel resources as of 2021.This reprint also includes selected papers from European Raw Materials Conferences 2020-2021, held despite the global COVID-19 pandemic, and will be published with the financial support of the International competence Centre for mining-engineering education under the auspices of UNESCO: - Russian-UK Raw Materials Dialogue (21-23 October 2020);- Russian-German Raw Materials Conference (30 November-1 December 2020).
Handover of Power - Innovation
Innovation rethought Do you sometimes worry that important innovations are introduced too late? And do you also wish for an implementation of your good ideas? How can promising inventions be implemented quickly and easily? This book tells us: ... how inventors can find suitable researchers, industrial property rights, investors, producers and customers in a directory. ... how the linking of education, research and development can provide a mass of skilled workers who invent and implement innovations at lightning speed. ... which path innovations can take when they are implemented in a large state-owned company until patent protection expires. After 20 years of work on this book series, Andreas Seidl thus ventures a step towards founding a party. In doing so, he entertains his readers both intellectually and visionarily. If this work can give you hope, inspire you or move you to action, it has fulfilled its purpose. Available in German and English
Guide to Hotel Housekeeping
Guide to Hotel Housekeeping, a classic since it was first published. Has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
Energy Systems and Applications in Agriculture
Agriculture, as a production-oriented sector, entails energy as a substantial input by which global food security is ensured. Agricultural systems require energy for farm machinery and equipment; lighting; heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC); food processing and preservation; fertilizer and chemical production; and water/wastewater treatment/application. Increasing agriculture mechanization mitigates conventional energy reserves that escalate greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.This book aims to offer energy-efficient and/or environment-friendly ways for the agriculture sector to achieve the 2030 UN Sustainable Development Goals. The book provides cutting-edge research on next-generation agricultural technologies and applications to develop a sustainable solution for modern greenhouses, temperature/humidity control in agriculture, farm storage and drying, crop water requirements, agricultural built environment, and wastewater treatment.
Urban Hydrogeology Studies
Urbanization worldwide is a pervasive phenomenon of our time, and sustainable urban development is one of the greatest challenges faced by the contemporary world. The subsurface plays a range of roles in such developments through the complex processes of urbanization, including building development, constructing roads, and providing water supplies, drainage, sanitation, and even solid waste disposal. Urban groundwater problems are usually predictable; however, they are not predicted early enough. During recent decades, progressive advances in the scientific understanding of urban hydrogeological processes and the groundwater regimes of a substantial number of cities have been documented. This extensive array of subsurface challenges that cities have to contend with lies at the core of the sustainability of the urban water cycle. This is threatened by the increasing scale and downward extent of urban subsurface construction, including utilities (cables, sewage, and drainage), transportation (tunnels, passages), and storage (cellars, parking lots, and thermal energy). The cumulative impact of this subsurface congestion on the surrounding geology, and especially on the groundwater system, has to be constantly studied and addressed. In this volume, key connections amongst urban hydrogeology activities are identified as being consistent with scientific results and good practices in their relationship to subsurface data and knowledge on subsurface systems. The volume supports a useful dialogue between the providers and consumers of urban groundwater data and knowledge, offering new perspectives on the existing research themes.
Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery
For many years, the trend of increasing energy demand has been visible. Despite the search for alternative energy sources, it is estimated that oil and natural gas will be the main source of energy in transport for the next several dozen years. However, the reserves of renewable raw materials are limited in volume. Along with the degree of depletion, oil recovery becomes more and more difficult, even though the deposits are not yet completely empty. Therefore, it is essential to find new methods to increase oil and gas recovery. Actions aimed at intensifying oil recovery are very rational use of energy that has not yet been fully used.Usually, an increase in oil recovery can be achieved by using extraction intensification methods. However, measures to increase oil recovery can be implemented and carried out at any stage of the borehole implementation. Starting from the well design stage, through drilling and ending with the exploitation of oil and gas.Therefore, in order to further disseminate technologies and methods related to increasing oil recovery, a special edition has been developed, entitled "Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery".This Special Issue mainly covers original research and studies on the above-mentioned topics, including, but not limited to, improving the efficiency of oil recovery, improving the correct selection of drilling fluids, secondary methods of intensifying production and appropriate energy management in the oil industry.
New Advances in Fluid Structure Interaction
Fluid-structure interactions (FSIs) play a crucial role in the design, construction, service and maintenance of many engineering applications, e.g., aircraft, towers, pipes, offshore platforms and long-span bridges. The old Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) is probably one of the most infamous examples of serious accidents due to the action of FSIs. Aircraft wings and wind-turbine blades can be broken because of FSI-induced oscillations. To alleviate or eliminate these unfavorable effects, FSIs must be dealt with in ocean, coastal, offshore and marine engineering to design safe and sustainable engineering structures. In addition, the wind effects on plants and the resultant wind-induced motions are examples of FSIs in nature.To meet the objectives of progress and innovation in FSIs in various scenarios of engineering applications and control schemes, this book includes 15 research studies and collects the most recent and cutting-edge developments on these relevant issues. The topics cover different areas associated with FSIs, including wind loads, flow control, energy harvesting, buffeting and flutter, complex flow characteristics, train-bridge interactions and the application of neural networks in related fields. In summary, these complementary contributions in this publication provide a volume of recent knowledge in the growing field of FSIs.
Evolutionary Process for Engineering Optimization
Engineering problems are one of the main focuses of data science, and there is no doubt that engineering is now quickly growing in all sciences and fields. Many problems in this domain need to be examined and analyzed by massive and varied methods to help industry and organizations make more informed business decisions, especially for uncovering design, parameter values, market trends, customer preferences, and other helpful information. In addition, engineering problems demand new and sophisticated algorithms based on optimization techniques to treat problems in the real world with high accuracy and productivity. The papers published in this Special Issue (Evolutionary Process for Engineering Optimization) have covered various vital topics, enriching the state of the art in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and engineering domains.Additionally, these research papers build upon fundamental techniques and approaches previously accomplished. The creativity in the established papers resides in the methods, reviews, and experimental techniques that present an outstanding value for beneficial applications. This is one of the explanations of why this Special Issue has been named "Evolutionary Process for Engineering Optimization". There is also another explanation: practical applications need researchers, scientists, and engineers to find solutions for engineering problems consistent with current technologies and react to the near future demands. That is why researchers must utilize and develop artificial-intelligence-based optimization techniques for specific needs.
Aerial Robotics for Inspection and Maintenance
Aerial robots with perception, navigation, and manipulation capabilities are extending the range of applications of drones, allowing the integration of different sensor devices and robotic manipulators to perform inspection and maintenance operations on infrastructures such as power lines, bridges, viaducts, or walls, involving typically physical interactions on flight. New research and technological challenges arise from applications demanding the benefits of aerial robots, particularly in outdoor environments. This book collects eleven papers from different research groups from Spain, Croatia, Italy, Japan, the USA, the Netherlands, and Denmark, focused on the design, development, and experimental validation of methods and technologies for inspection and maintenance using aerial robots.
Advanced Technology of Waste Treatment
The protection of human health and the environment (representing the main reason for waste management), as well as the sustainable use of natural resources, requires chemical, biological, physical and thermal treatment of wastes. This refers to the conditioning (e.g., drying, washing, comminution, rotting, stabilization, neutralization, agglomeration, homogenization), conversion (e.g., incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, dissolution, evaporation), and separation (classification, direct and indirect (i.e., sensor-based) sorting) of all types of wastes to follow the principles of the waste hierarchy (i.e., prevention (not addressed by this issue), preparation for re-use, recycling, other recovery, and disposal). Longstanding challenges include the increase of yield and purity of recyclable fractions and the sustainable removal or destruction of contaminants from the circular economy.This Special Issue on "Advanced Technology of Waste Treatment" of Processes collects high-quality research studies addressing challenges on the broad area of chemical, biological, physical and thermal treatment of wastes.
Urban Runoff Control and Sponge City Construction
The rapid urbanization, sometimes lacking adequate planning and design, has led to worsening city syndrome situations, such as urban flooding, water pollution, heat island effects, and ecologic deterioration. Sponge city construction have become the new paradigm for a sustainable urban stormwater management strategy. Deviating from the traditional rapid draining approach, the new paradigm calls for the use of natural systems, such as soil and vegetation, as part of the urban runoff control strategy. It has become a widespread focus in urban water management research and practices globally. In this Special Issue reprint, there are 13 original scientific articles that address the different related urban runoff control issues. We are happy to see that all papers presented findings characterized as innovative and methodologically new. We hope that the readers can enjoy and learn deeply about urban runoff control and sponge city construction using the published material, and we hope that sharing of the researches results with the scientific community, policymakers and stakeholders can prompt the urban runoff control and sponge city construction globally.
Our Iron Roads
Our Iron Roads - Their History, Construction and Administration is an unchanged, high-quality reprint of the original edition of 1883. Hansebooks is editor of the literature on different topic areas such as research and science, travel and expeditions, cooking and nutrition, medicine, and other genres. As a publisher we focus on the preservation of historical literature. Many works of historical writers and scientists are available today as antiques only. Hansebooks newly publishes these books and contributes to the preservation of literature which has become rare and historical knowledge for the future.
