Multilayer Nanostructured Wear-Resistant Coatings for Metal-Cutting Tools
This work focuses on the properties of multilayer nanostructured wear-resistant coatings for cutting tools. It provides an extensive overview of modern methods and approaches to creating wear-resistant coatings for cutting tools. The authors present a wealth of experimental data and offer generalized theories, useful not only in the development of metal-cutting tools with coatings, but also in the creation of nanostructured materials for various applications. Discusses the development and operation of nanostructured coatings operating under conditions of high temperatures, pressures and chemical effects Includes studies of coating properties during cutting using modern methods (transmission and scanning electron microscopy) Presents mathematical models that describe the process of coating deposition and the cutting process as stochastic processes, for the modeling of which it is necessary to use methods of probability theory This book is intended for engineering and technical workers, as well as graduate students involved in the development of, research on and practical application of methods for applying wear-resistant coatings.
Bioplastics
Bioplastics are a promising and eco-friendly alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics. These innovative materials are derived from renewable resources, such as plant starch, corn, or sugarcane, making them biodegradable and reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional plastics. This new book presents an informative overview of bioplastics and highlights new state-of-the-art sustainable bioplastic technology.The volume discusses the different kinds of bioplastics and their diverse uses, such as in creating sustainable food packaging; in medical applications, such as in body implants like bones, scaffolds, and breast implants; as well as in many industries--electronics, architecture and construction, automobile, consumer goods, cosmetics, etc. The design and methods of production are discussed, including novel technologies. The environmental industrial aspects of bioplastics as well as the commercial aspects of bioplastics are covered, evaluating the commercial and industrial value and demand for bioplastics.
Music Psychology--Balance of Relations
Offering a groundbreaking interdisciplinary perspective, this book explores the fundamental mechanisms behind music perception by bridging music psychology with computational neuroscience. It models how adaptation and synchronization shape neural responses to music, revealing insights unattainable through traditional brain localization theories. By applying complex systems theory, it shifts the focus from isolated brain regions to dynamic network interactions, providing a holistic and predictive framework with relevance across a broad spectrum of natural sciences. Ideal for researchers across musicology, psychology, neuroscience, as well as complexity and computational science, it opens new paths for understanding the brain's response to music through scientific precision and cross-disciplinary integration.
Nanoparticles in Fingerprinting
The toolkit of nanomaterials covered in this new book, which ranges from magnetic nanoparticles to quantum dots, offers up new possibilities for the preservation and visualization of latent prints and turns forensic science into an area where the unseen is made strikingly visible. This volume acts as a thorough guide through experimental procedures, theoretical underpinnings, and practical uses of nanoparticle-based fingerprinting. Additionally, it examines the potential challenges, future directions, and ethical considerations associated with the adoption of nanoparticle-based fingerprinting methods.The volume investigates fingerprinting techniques that involve titanium dioxide nanoparticles, fluorescent nanoparticles, gold and silver nanoparticles, green synthesis of nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles, carbon dots (CDs) and cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles, and more.The multidisciplinary approach taken by this book fosters a comprehensive knowledge of this cutting-edge topic by reflecting the joint work of specialists from chemistry, forensic science, and nanoscience. Contributions from leading experts in the fields of nanotechnology and forensic science enrich this volume with diverse perspectives and practical insights.Whether you are a seasoned forensic professional, a researcher in materials science, or a student exploring the intersections of nanotechnology and criminalistics, this book aims to serve as a definitive resource on the transformative role of nanoparticles in advancing fingerprint analysis.
Energy Materials
This book emphasizes the engineering scalability of a circular economy approach to development and use of energy materials. It focuses on waste minimization and its valorization, recycling and reuse, and emerging sustainable materials and technologies required for production of these materials in the process industry and manufacturing sectors.
Effect Of The Size Of Grog In Fire-clay Bodies
Explore the intricate relationship between grog size and the properties of fire-clay bodies in this detailed study by Frank A. Kirkpatrick. "Effect Of The Size Of Grog In Fire-clay Bodies" delves into the impact of varying grog particle dimensions on the structural integrity and performance of ceramic materials. This book offers valuable insights for ceramists, materials scientists, and engineers seeking to optimize their processes and enhance the durability of fire-clay products. Kirkpatrick's research provides a comprehensive analysis, making it an essential resource for both academic study and practical application in the field of ceramic engineering. Discover how careful control over grog size can lead to significant improvements in the quality and reliability of fire-clay compositions.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Description of the Pratt Range Board, Model of 1905
"Description of the Pratt Range Board, Model of 1905" offers a detailed look at a crucial piece of early 20th-century military technology. This manual, originally published by the United States Army Ordnance Department, provides comprehensive information on the mechanical features of the Pratt Range Board and the rules governing its care and preservation. Essential reading for historians, military technology enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of artillery equipment, this document provides a unique glimpse into the methods and equipment used by the U.S. Army at the turn of the century. Discover the intricate workings of a device that played a vital role in military operations, and gain a deeper appreciation for the engineering and logistical challenges of the era. This edition preserves the original text and illustrations, ensuring that the historical record remains intact.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Effect Of The Size Of Grog In Fire-clay Bodies
Explore the intricate relationship between grog size and the properties of fire-clay bodies in this detailed study by Frank A. Kirkpatrick. "Effect Of The Size Of Grog In Fire-clay Bodies" delves into the impact of varying grog particle dimensions on the structural integrity and performance of ceramic materials. This book offers valuable insights for ceramists, materials scientists, and engineers seeking to optimize their processes and enhance the durability of fire-clay products. Kirkpatrick's research provides a comprehensive analysis, making it an essential resource for both academic study and practical application in the field of ceramic engineering. Discover how careful control over grog size can lead to significant improvements in the quality and reliability of fire-clay compositions.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An Improved Method in the Art of Signalling for Military & Scientific Purposes ...
An Improved Method in the Art of Signalling for Military & Scientific Purposes... details Finley's Heliotrope, a new helio-telegraph manufactured by the Amer. Helio-Telegraph & Signal Light Co. in 1887. This historical document provides insights into late 19th-century signaling technology, particularly the use of heliographs for military communication. It offers a glimpse into the advancements of optical telegraphy and its application in military and scientific contexts. This book is a valuable resource for historians, technology enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of visual communication methods.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Instructions for Mounting, Using and Caring for 4.72-Inch Rapid-Fire Gun, Armstrong, 45 Caliber, Mounted On Barbette Carriage, Armstrong, October 28, 1904
This manual provides detailed instructions for the operation and maintenance of the 4.72-inch Rapid-Fire Gun, Armstrong, 45 Caliber, mounted on a barbette carriage. Originally published on October 28, 1904, by the United States Army Ordnance Department, this document offers a comprehensive guide to the gun's mounting, usage, and care. It is an invaluable resource for understanding the intricacies of early 20th-century artillery technology and naval weaponry.Authored by Carl Ewald Grunsky, this manual delivers precise instructions and technical specifications essential for military personnel and historians interested in the evolution of naval artillery. The detailed explanations make it a crucial reference for anyone studying the development and deployment of Armstrong guns during this era. This historical document provides a unique glimpse into the past.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A Catechism of Outpost Duty, Including Advance Guards, Rear Guards and Reconnaissance
"A Catechism of Outpost Duty" is a comprehensive guide to military scouting and security, written by Arthur Lockwood Wagner. Originally published in 1895, this book provides detailed instructions on the proper procedures for establishing and maintaining outposts, conducting reconnaissance, and employing advance and rear guards. Designed for practical use by soldiers and officers, the text covers essential aspects of military operations, offering invaluable insights into the strategies and tactics of late 19th-century warfare. Its clarity and precision make it an enduring resource for military historians and anyone interested in the foundational principles of field security and intelligence gathering.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Smart Materials and Applications
Smart materials, often referred to as intelligent or responsive materials, possess unique properties that enable them to respond to external stimuli such as temperature, pressure, light, or magnetic fields. They can change their physical or chemical characteristics in a controlled and predictable manner, making them invaluable for solving complex engineering challenges and driving innovation in science and technology. This new volume offers an understanding of the principles and characteristics of smart materials and provides in-depth discussions of their applications in various domains.The volume outlines the classification, potential, properties, applications, and fabrication techniques of smart materials and discusses graphene-based materials for solar cells, machine learning techniques for smart materials, the impact of smart materials on digital twin, deep learning methods in materials science, and nature-based smart materials. Some applications that are highlighted include smart materials in robotics for industrial manufacturing, using smart materials for the adaptation of electric vehicles, smart materials for the development of devices in healthcare, using intelligent materials in 4D printing technology, and more.
Italian Manufacturing Association Conference
The book covers transformation processes of products, from production to assembly, from testing to recycling: (1) mechanical and technological characterisation of the transformed materials; (2) methodologies and tools for designing transformation systems, processes, and components; (3) programming, management and control of production, assembly, testing, and recycling systems; (4) quality management and environmental safeguard management for sustainable development.Keywords: Quality Engineering, Production Metrology Additive Manufacturing, Reverse Engineering, Materials Processing, Manufacturing Processes Design, Assembly, Disassembly and Circular Economy, Process and System Simulation, Digital Manufacturing.
Membrane Technologies for Heavy Metal Removal from Water
This book offers lucid treatment of fundamental concepts related to potential applications and prospects of different membranes for wastewater decontamination by removing heavy metals. It provides overview of different sources of water contamination, different membrane tech. and case studies.
Materials for Medical Applications
This book discusses advanced knowledge about the synthesis and application of materials in the medical field for diagnostic and therapeutic conditions. These materials have been extensively used in various biological and medical applications especially in drug delivery, tumor screening, bioimaging, diagnosis, and also in therapies.
Machine Learning in 2D Materials Science
This book provides broad coverage of data science and ML fundamentals to materials science researchers so that they can confidently leverage these techniques in their research projects.
Advanced Materials Processing and Characterization Technology
The Progress That Has Been Made in the Application of the Moncrieff-System to Garrison, Siege, and Naval Ordnance, and to Coast Works
Explore the advancements in military technology with Captain Alexander Moncrieff's detailed account, "The Progress That Has Been Made in the Application of the Moncrieff-System to Garrison, Siege, and Naval Ordnance, and to Coast Works." This historical work, originally published in 1879, provides a comprehensive overview of the innovative Moncrieff system and its impact on military applications. Delve into the specifics of how the Moncrieff system was applied to enhance garrison defenses, siege weaponry, naval artillery, and coastal fortifications. This book offers valuable insights into the technological landscape of 19th-century military engineering and the strategic importance of these advancements. A must-read for military historians, engineering enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of defense systems.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Thermal And Physical Changes Accompanying The Heating Of Hardened Carbon Steels
"Thermal And Physical Changes Accompanying The Heating Of Hardened Carbon Steels," originally published in 1920, presents a detailed investigation into the effects of heat on hardened carbon steels. This study meticulously documents the thermal and physical transformations that occur as these steels are heated, offering valuable insights for metallurgists, engineers, and materials scientists.Authors Howard Scott and H. Gretchen Movius provide a comprehensive analysis that remains relevant for understanding the fundamental properties of carbon steels and their behavior under varying thermal conditions. This work is essential for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the properties and applications of hardened carbon steels.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Composite Materials and Structures
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in composite structures is crucial for safety, increased lifespan, and cost efficiency with early damage detection. The book introduces the reader to composite materials, basic concepts, terminology, design concepts for composite materials structures, composite manufacturing, fabrication and processing. It explains the mechanics behavior of composite materials, SHM in composite structures theory and artificial intelligence algorithms in SHM, including machine learning, deep learning, and artificial neural networks. The book describes the capability of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques for SHM, characteristics of piezoelectric Sensors for SHM and lamb wave technique based SHM and include case studies of SHM of composite structures such as composite pipelines, plates, using NDT different methods integrated with artificial intelligence algorithms.
Occasional Papers, Engineer School, United States Army
"Occasional Papers, Engineer School, United States Army, Volume 35" presents a collection of technical papers and studies pertinent to military engineering and related topics. Authored by the U.S. Army Engineer School, this volume likely covers a range of subjects relevant to the training and education of army engineers. These papers offer insights into engineering practices, technologies, and strategic considerations important to the U.S. Army.This volume serves as a valuable resource for understanding the historical development and technical expertise within the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Readers interested in military history, engineering education, and the evolution of military technology will find this collection insightful.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Materials Of Engineering ...
"The Materials Of Engineering... Non-ferrous Metals And Alloys: Copper" delves into the properties, processing, and applications of copper and its alloys. Authored by Robert Henry Thurston, this work provides a detailed examination of copper's role in engineering, highlighting its significance in various industrial sectors.This book offers insights into the characteristics that make copper and its alloys essential components in numerous applications. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the metallurgical aspects, mechanical properties, and practical uses of these materials.With its focus on the technical aspects of copper, this book serves as a valuable resource for engineers, materials scientists, and anyone involved in industries where non-ferrous metals play a critical role.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Occasional Papers, Engineer School, United States Army
"Occasional Papers, Engineer School, United States Army, Volume 35" presents a collection of technical papers and studies pertinent to military engineering and related topics. Authored by the U.S. Army Engineer School, this volume likely covers a range of subjects relevant to the training and education of army engineers. These papers offer insights into engineering practices, technologies, and strategic considerations important to the U.S. Army.This volume serves as a valuable resource for understanding the historical development and technical expertise within the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Readers interested in military history, engineering education, and the evolution of military technology will find this collection insightful.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Hand-book Of Artillery
"The Hand-book Of Artillery" by Joseph Roberts, originally published in 1861, serves as a comprehensive guide to the science and practice of artillery. Written during a period of significant military development, this handbook offers detailed instruction on the operation, maintenance, and tactical employment of artillery pieces. The book provides insights into the types of artillery in use at the time, including field guns, howitzers, and mortars, detailing their construction, capabilities, and limitations. Roberts's work also covers essential aspects of gunnery, such as aiming, firing, and calculating trajectories, along with practical advice on the preparation of ammunition and the management of artillery crews. This handbook is an invaluable resource for understanding 19th-century military technology and tactics, appealing to historians, military enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of modern warfare. A vital resource for those seeking to understand the intricacies of artillery during a pivotal era in military history.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Materials Of Engineering ...
"The Materials Of Engineering... Non-ferrous Metals And Alloys: Copper" delves into the properties, processing, and applications of copper and its alloys. Authored by Robert Henry Thurston, this work provides a detailed examination of copper's role in engineering, highlighting its significance in various industrial sectors.This book offers insights into the characteristics that make copper and its alloys essential components in numerous applications. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the metallurgical aspects, mechanical properties, and practical uses of these materials.With its focus on the technical aspects of copper, this book serves as a valuable resource for engineers, materials scientists, and anyone involved in industries where non-ferrous metals play a critical role.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Science Of Gunnery
"The Science Of Gunnery" by William Greener offers a detailed exploration of gunnery as it applies to military and sporting arms across major nations including England, France, Belgium, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and America. This comprehensive treatise delves into the scientific principles underpinning the construction, operation, and effectiveness of firearms during the era. Greener's work is an invaluable resource for historians, military enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the evolution of weaponry and the science behind it. With its detailed analysis and broad scope, "The Science Of Gunnery" provides a unique insight into the technological advancements and strategic considerations of nineteenth-century warfare and sport.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Commit To Solar
Commit To Solar - The Ultimate Guide To Understanding, Marketing and Selling Solar - is the creation of author Russ Ward. Russ explains exactly how solar works, the benefits and barriers to adoption. From there he uses his own experience from many years of solar sales and marketing to explain exactly how to perform the best solar marketing campains and how to close sales. He adds golden nuggets (crowns) throughout the book as personal advice to solar marketing and sales reps. This book will help you understand, market and sell solar at a much higher level!
Carrier Strike Group Aerial ISR
What capability gaps exist that could limit future ISR integration? This paper examines the issue, identifies possible shortcomings, and makes recommendations on ways to mitigate limitations and identify areas neading further investigation. This paper is the result of a qualitative research methodology using document content analysis. As new capabilities are introduced, technical, doctrinal, and training challenges will be experienced; however, on the whole, organic carrier strike group Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance capability will improve as the Navy approaches the goals outlined in Sea Power 21.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Eyes of the Nation Does the United States Need Space Radar?
In response to emerging national security threats, DoD and Intelligence Community (IC) leaders examined Space Radar's ability to meet 21st century intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) requirements. They assessed the leading candidate architectures' potential performance, including a constellation of 8-14 electronically scanned array radar satellites in low earth orbit. This analysis is important for several reasons. First, it draws conclusions about potential capabilities and its utility in achieving or enhancing Joint military and National Security Intelligence mission area tasks. Understanding Space Radar's utility is important to determine if it has the potential to eliminate or reduce gaps in the C4I and ISR networks' ability to provide timely, accurate, fused, and actionable intelligence. Second, operational scenarios in the post-9/11 world increasingly require global, persistent, day and night, all-weather surveillance. Finally, bureaucratic maneuver among the military and IC regarding roles and missions keep the program from gaining enough momentum to obtain full Congressional support. In the process, Space Radar's operational value becomes increasingly misunderstood. A horizontally integrated space radar system could provide global, persistent, day/night, all-weather surveillance to fill the seams necessary to meet compressed engagement times with accurate, fused, and actionable intelligence. The unique military utility of an affordable and achievable Space Radar architecture stems from its global access, inherent flexibility, and quick responsiveness. By illuminating these key system features, this sophisticated technology can be reduced to an understandable terminology for the ongoing ISR force-mix debate.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Information Networks in the Army After Next
The Army After Next envisions an Army which has two key attributes, Knowledge and Speed. Speed is the ability of weapons systems to move faster on the battlefield. Knowledge is the ability of forces throughout the battlefield to see themselves and the enemy through the advantages of Sensors, computers and the networks that connect them. In order for this vision to become a reality the sensors, computers and weapon control systems of the Army After Next must have a robust, reliable and secure data network to interlink them or the envisioned advantages of this force will be abrogated. This monograph examines the direction of the U.S Army at the end of the twentieth century through its Force XXI initiates, the Joint community in the Joint Tactical Radio System program, the U.S. Marine Corps in their Operational Maneuver from the Sea and the U.S. Navy with the High Speed MObile interNET (MONET). It also examines two commercial alternatives, Ricochet Micro Cellular and Cellular Packet Data (CPD) for their applicability and leverage for designing the Intelligent Information Grid for the Army After Next. The focus of the examination is on the applicability of the systems for echelons at Brigade and Below (EBB). Providing data communications networks at this echelon presents the greatest challenge to the Army After Next because of the lethal and mobile nature of the brigade combat environment in the twenty first century. The study concludes that the current U.S. Army architecture, Force XXI, is inadequate to meet the challenges of the Army After Next. However, the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) as it is currently envisioned with some incorporation of the technologies presented by the Ricochet commercial network does present a superior alternative for the Intelligent Information Grid (I2G).This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Space Dominance
The Air Force, as part of its vision for the 21st century, has declared Space Dominance and Space Control as new military objectives. It is not clear if the Air Force understands the difficulties associated with dominating the space environment, but several issues have yet to be resolved. While the requirements for achieving space control are numerous, three stand out as especially critical: sound doctrine, viable technology, and political resolve. Doctrine provides our basis for employing forces and waging war. Without strong space doctrine, space control will likely meet with less than successful results. Technology is the linchpin which allows space operations to be achievable and effective. Without the required technology, space control is impossible. Politics is the last and most critical requirement in achieving space control. Neither doctrine nor technology can compensate for the lack of political resolve. Without it, all other efforts are futile. This paper discusses the doctrinal, technical and political difficulties of achieving space control as well as other issues which complicate the space control mission. Based on the analysis of these elements, a determination is made as to the feasibility of effectively implementing a space control policy.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Case for Increasing Production in the Air Battle Management Career Field
The CSAF has directed 100% manning for all operational platforms, and, Air Liaison tours requiring ABMs are increasing each assignment cycle. There is also a CAF-wide shortage of ABM USAFWS graduates available to commanders. Track training Undergraduate Air Battle Managers offers benefits of speedy transition to the Combat Air Forces (CAF) but costs in time, labor and foundational knowledge base. If Headquarters Air Force (HAF) directed an increase in UABM Total Production Required (TPR) to 400, how might AETC best execute the directed increase in TPR to most efficiently train the UABM, while still teaching foundational core competencies as outlined by ACC and demanded by weapon system Mission Essential Task Lists? Although training today is thorough and complete, future drawdowns and losses in simulator capability only compound the difficulty. Research indicates fits and starts in UABM training are nothing new, nor are the changes in complexity of training. By drawing a line for training to start (FY13), this paper analyzes the operating environment at Tyndall and details requirements for training by tying USAF requirements to current training Tyndall AFB. This analysis reveals a training system that is already "tracked?" to the level it should be. It further exposes the need, and details recommendations for up-to-date, high-fidelity training systems preparing the future UABM for complex operational environments.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Analyzing Air Force Security Posture on Typical Industrial Control Systems Servicing Critical Infrastructures
Today's Air Force bases employ automated systems controlling critical functions such as power delivery, water processing, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), and fuels delivery. These control systems have proliferated exponentially in the past several decades. Systems that were once manual or stand-alone are now automated and interconnected, vastly increasing reliability, convenience, and productivity, while decreasing maintenance costs and other costs of ownership. These conveniences come with a downside: the increase in risk of disruption, directly hampering mission accomplishment, due to both natural and manmade disturbances. Factor in recently emerging threats such as the Stuxnet malware, and these vulnerabilities become more relevant. This research analyzes how Air Force Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are intricately tied to mission accomplishment at Air Force bases, and evaluates risk in the implementation, maintenance, and operation of these systems in a more holistic way. From this research, it is clear that Air Force ICS are at all levels of automation and maturity, from manual and electro-mechanical to fully processor-controlled. Further, Air Force ICSs are implemented in non-standardized ways, each unique to the systems involved, making it difficult to generalize the risks involved with interconnectivity. Finally, it is evident that at one large Air Force base, ICS system operators from cyber, civil engineering, security forces, operations, and maintenance functional areas do not understand how their systems rely on other base critical infrastructures. To solve these problems, stakeholders from all involved functional areas, at multiple staff levels, will need to collaborate, evaluate, prioritize, and execute to reduce risk.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Joint Laser Interoperability
Joint Vision 2020 directs a transformation of Department of Defense to meet US needs in the next century. One of the major goals of this transformation is a fully joint force capable of precision engagement. This monograph proposes a concept called Joint Laser Interoperability and discusses whether or not this concept provides some or all of Joint Vision 2020s precision engagement. The discussion begins with the current state of US laser systems and the present state of interoperability. This includes a brief discussion of how a laser works and what constitutes the basic parts of a laser system, laser range finders, laser designators, laser spot trackers, and laser guided weapons. The monograph also explains the difference between eye-safe and non eye-safe lasers. Once the monograph outlines current laser system capabilities it describes how current air, ground, and naval laser systems could be combined with new technology to create a joint force that is fully laser interoperable. The monograph also suggests changes in future organizations and equipment such as the US Army's Interim Brigade Combat Team (IBCT). These changes focus on providing a laser based precision capability to units that do not have one, and increasing the capability of those units that already possess some laser capability. After defining Joint Laser Interoperability, the monograph discusses the operational advantages this concept could provide the DOD and how the concept would enhance current precision engagement capabilities. The monograph discusses the joint advantages in both deep and close operations, and how the air, ground, and naval elements would benefit from Joint Laser Interoperability. The monograph also discusses the limitations and roadblocks to fielding this concept with respect to weather, communications, and doctrine. The conclusion shows that Joint Laser Interoperability provides a significant part, but not all of the precision engagement capability called for in Joint VisionThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Evolution in Military Affairs
The concept of using natural evolution as an analogy for how modern organizationscan adapt to a chaotic, rapidly changing world situation is currently in vogue in the business world. This paper will examine whether the chaotic evolutionary development model is pertinent to the US military's attempt to adapt to the uncertain national security environment of the post Cold War world. The paper will look at the historical example of the development of infrared (IR) systems for tactical aviation in order to see how the natural evolution model can be applied to the development of military systems. The evolutionary development of IR systems will be "benchmarked" against the more traditional planned development of radar systems. The theme of the paper is that the chaotic evolutionary development of IR systems has been successful and has had a significant effect on the current state of air operations. The general conclusion of the paper is that the natural evolution development model has many analogies to the way IR systems were developed and employed and contains many useful insights to consider for future development. Understanding this analogy and its limits may hold the key for developing a more flexible development system that will be better able to adapt to the uncertain security environment of the future. In the epilogue, the paper will address how such evolutionary development might be applied to the attempt to plan an information-based Revolution in Military Affairs.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Future of Autonomous Ground Logistics
The military needs an autonomous ground convoy capability because the speed and complexity of the environment in which it operates has begun to exceed the abilities of its members to operate within it. U.S. Army doctrine requires the logistics forces to be able to provide continuous and uninterrupted distribution of supplies. Human frailty, high volumes of supplies, fast paced and offensive operations all hinder the ground transportation system from being able to keep pace. Operational commanders continue to hold back their operations and look back for the required supplies to sustain them. Robotics technology has reached a point where the technology is ready to support some military operations but funding priorities, planning horizons and organizational reluctance towards the new technology are hindering this evolution in transportation operations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Simulation of Off-Axis Laser Propagation Using HELEEOS
Emerging technology high energy laser (HEL) weapon systems create a myriad of new threats to safety as well as security. One of the primary causes of these concerns is off-axis laser propagation caused by ever-present particulate and molecular scattering media in the atmosphere. The scatter from these aerosols and molecules can redirect some of the HEL's concentrated energy towards unintended targets such as the eyes of pilots, friendly fighters on the surface, or innocent bystanders. Of particular interest to the laser intelligence (LASINT) community is the possibility that off-axis irradiance from HEL weapon systems could be covertly measured with enough accuracy to provide critical information about HEL weight-power relationships, beam characteristics, and target intelligence information. The purpose of this research is to quantify how much offaxis propagation may occur in specific directions given a set of simulated HEL engagement scenarios involving different HEL characteristics, geometries, and atmospheric conditions. Further simulations assess the amount of information that can be derived about HEL platform characteristics and intended target from remotely measured off-axis intensity via inversion techniques. The High Energy Laser End-to End Operational Simulation (HELEEOS) software package is used to exploit its fast-running scaling law propagation methods and its robust probabilistic atmospheric database.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Lead Warfighters and Innovations
Each war has a set of unique contextual elements that make it different from the wars of the past; thus, preparing for war will inevitably uncover capability gaps and deficiencies in warfighting capability. This paper explores the methods used by the Air Force acquisition community during combat operations to fill those gaps, with a specific concentration on developing and employing immature systems via the rapid response process (RRP). New concepts, such as effects-based operations (EBO) and evolutionary acquisition have the potential to enhance the acquisition professional's ability to support the warfighter during times of conflict. EBO will enhance the war planner's ability to highlight capability gaps, and with increased collaboration, the warfighters and acquisition professionals can work together to produce enhanced warfighting capability. Evolutionary acquisition, through spiral development, will speed up the acquisition process and provide more options for filling capability gaps. Underlying each of these concepts is the premise that the Air Force is able to innovate. Undoubtedly, the Air Force can innovate; however, research shows that modifications to current organizations are required to maximize the Air Force's most important source of innovation-the lead warfighters. These modifications will enhance collaboration between the acquisition professionals and the lead warfighters to ensure the Air Force is capitalizing on this important source of innovation.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Lasers in Space
The emerging importance of space-based systems is matched by the maturing of laser technology, giving a potential synergy to enhance military capability. For example, global awareness is one of the AF goals to give the US military the competitive advantage in future conflicts. Obtaining global awareness requires a tremendous amount of information being acquired and transferred over vast distances. Space-based laser communication satellites offer the potential of greatly increased data rates, which is just one example of how lasers in space could significantly improve US military capabilities. Recent strategic planning studies have identified various concepts for lasers in space, including both laser weapons and collateral applications such as communication and remote sensing. Four functional classes of systems (enabling, information-gathering, information-relaying, and energy delivery) serve to organize the various concepts and relate them to the new AF core competencies as well as the traditional AF roles. This study analyzes these concepts, scoring them for technical feasibility, technical maturity, operational enhancement and operational cost. The most promising concepts include space-based laser target designation, space-based battlefield illumination, laser communication, and active remote sensing for battle damage assessment and weather characterization. Several strategies can accelerate the development of space-based laser systems, such as using the new AF battlelabs and advanced technology demonstrations.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Generating Bomber Routes for the Delivery of Gravity Weapons
Probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasts (PQPF) based on the medium range forecast (MRF) ensemble are currently in operational use below their full potential quality (i.e., accuracy and reliability). This unfulfilled potential is due to the MRF ensemble being adversely affected by systematic errors which arise from an imperfect model and less than ideal ensemble initial perturbations. This thesis sought to construct a calibration to account for these systematic errors and thus produce higher quality PQPF. Systematic errors were explored with the use of the verification rank histogram, which tracks the performance of the ensemble. The information in these histograms was then used in interpreting MRF ensemble forecasts to produce calibrated PQPF.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Enabling Design
Current operations indicate that improvements are warranted within our Battle Command (BC) planning method to support complex and ill-structured problems. Several modified approaches have been reviewed and synthesized into a general theoretical method currently addressed as Design. A practice of Design is necessary to facilitate the employment of Design theories. Design analysis so far has focused more upon the theory and less upon the actual practices of Design. Guidelines for conducting Design within Army forces do not exist within doctrine or SOP. There are no descriptive guidelines for the organization (team size, roles, and responsibilities), management (time, workflow, artifacts), or support environment (infrastructure and tools) of the design team. The Design practices identified within this paper address some of these gaps and can provide a baseline for additional guidelines or for tailoring by an operational force Design Team.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Airborne and Space-Based Lasers
The Air Force is simultaneously pursuing both the Airborne and Space Based Laser programs. Under the impression that these two systems are synergistic and even that the ABL represents a logical stepping stone to the SBL, the Air Force has begun the process of advocating both programs, defending their funds, developing the required technology, fielding the weapons, and drafting the doctrine that will make them useful to the operational commands.The purpose of this study is to assess the actual compatibility between the ABL and SBL by carefully examining both the technologies and operational strategies. Only by studying the similarities and differences between these technologies and the technical risks and challenges can the defense establishment gain a more detailed understanding of the compatibility of the ABL and SBL technologies. Only by examining the operational preferences revealed in each system's technical descriptions and concepts of operation will it be possible to understand the compatibility of the operational strategies for the employment of the A.BL and SBL. Once the facts about the actual compatibility between the ABL and SBL are known, the Air Force leadership will be better prepared to make the right decisions about the role of laser weapons in ballistic missile defense. This study hopes to stimulate further debate about how these technologies will influence the security of the United States in the twenty-first century.There is no debate with the propositions that the ABL and SBL are both laser weapons that are capable of performing the same mission of theater ballistic missile defense. But despite the fact that these weapons are based on similar configurations inside their respective aerospace vehicles, it is essential to understand that the ABL and SBL systems are not sufficiently compatible to justify the claim that the programs are synergistic.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Effects of the New FM 3-0 Operations on Combat Service Support Planning Models
A gap exists between how logistics planners and operational planners see the military environment. This leads to asynchronous planning and flawed solutions. The central theme necessary to merge these two worlds is the common operational picture. By understanding the nature of the problem, efforts can be mutually applied to strengthen the impact of the solution while adequately protecting friendly vulnerabilities from threat influence. This common operational picture rarely forms without a common frame of reference. Nested doctrine tempered by operational art provides the foundation of that framework as it synchronizes planning models and illuminates the critical relationships between them prior to force application. The operational planner depends on clear, comprehensive doctrine to guide and inform the planning process. Shared understanding essential to collective staff work requires a common doctrinal base that is useful, relevant and nested with parent doctrine. Army CSS doctrine must parallel maturation of joint operations doctrine for the logistical focus to remain sharp. The perspectives from which operations and logistics planners respectively view military problems are fundamentally different, yet they have similarities and a mutual purpose. The purpose of logistics is to enable operations. The purpose of operations is to gain the advantage relative to the threat. Both focus on defeating the threat. Neither of these efforts can be successful without the other. In abstract terms both perspectives must merge to highlight relationships necessary to defeat the threat while perpetuating friendly strengths. This holistic approach to problem solving relies more on synthesis of comprehensive doctrine than on branch specific analysis. No single battlefield operating function (BOF) can expect to be successful alone. Nor can the sum of all functions achieve success operating in a stovepipe-like manner. Shared situational awareness is essential to combining individualThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Information Management Principles Applied to the Ballistic Missile Defense System
Information systems (IS) have evolved over the last 50 plus years from individual components with single functionality to grand architectures that integrate multiple individual business functions into global organizational enterprises. Similarly several military systems with the single mission of missile defense have evolved in service stovepipes, and are now being integrated into a national and global missile defense architecture. The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) is currently tasked with developing an integrated Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) capable of defending against all ranges of ballistic missiles in all phases of flight in defense of the homeland, our deployed forces, and our allies. While this initiative has been proceeding since before Ronald Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative, the full momentum has only recently been achieved through the withdrawal of the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty and demonstrated threats from North Korea and Iran. This study draws parallels between the evolution of IS and the BMDS. Further it compiles information management (IM) principles, investigates if they apply to the BMDS, and investigates if they can be used to achieve a better integrated system. Initial indications are that IM principles do apply, but it is questionable if they are being applied.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Future Tanker Concepts
Since Operations Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Enduring Freedom (OEF) began, the role of aerial refueling support for the warfighter has gained considerable attention. Future concepts for an advanced tanker aircraft such as unmanned aerial refueling, and automated aerial refueling will bring new ideas to help streamline support to the warfighter and increase safety for aircrews. With the advent of the new KC-X, the recapitalization of the Air Force tanker fleet is a top priority. In this paper the author will examine the Air Force's air refueling capability and how new designs will support tomorrow's fight.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Fratricide and a Correlation to ABCS Training Levels
This monograph explores the correlation between incidents of Fratricide and levels of training on the Army Battle Command System (ABCS) individual systems. It begins with an examination of the elements of Battle Command as both an art and a science. This monograph then describes the individual systems that make up the ABCS suite. The development and introduction of these systems is also covered. A careful examination of the training requirements for the ABCS suite is discussed next, as that is central to the argument of the monograph. Following this is a definition of fratricide and the factors surrounding these incidents. This monograph does not delve into a discussion of prevention, but rather identification of the relation of the incidents to the training levels of individual operators and leaders of the systems. Finally, this monograph offers several recommendations to improve the training levels and tracking requirements for training in an effort to reduce the likelihood of incidents of fratricide.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
In Vitro Toxicity of Aluminum Nanoparticles in Human Keratinocytes
Nanotechnology promises to be the defining technology of the 21st century. At an annual investment of $1B, it provides significant contributions to manufacturing, medicine, energy conservation, and the environment. Nanoparticles are structures with at least one dimension in the 1 to 100 nanometer (nm) range. DoD and US Air Force interest in aluminum nanoparticles (AL NPs) stems from its ability to enhance combustion jet fuel, thus increasing fuel efficiency. The addition of AL NPs to JP-8 may pose a unique dermal hazard to aircraft maintenance workers. There is no published data on AL NP toxicity effects on human skin. This research used in vitro techniques to determine the cytotoxicity of AL NPs, sized 50, 80, and 120 nm, on human keratinocytes. AL NPs at concentrations 10 - 10,000 ?g/mL and 24-hour exposure did not have a negative effect on cell viability, as assessed by membrane leakage, metabolic function, and reactive oxygen species generation. Keratinocyte expression of proinflammatory interleukins-1? and -8 was quantified to determine if AL NPs induced precursor cytokines for irritant contact or sensitizer response dermatitis. After 24-hour exposure to AL NPs, keratinocytes expressed significant concentrations of IL-8, 24 - 100 times greater than IL-1?, indicating that AL NPs may induce sensitizer response dermatitis.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
